Space Habitat- Design proposal

Space Habitat Design Proposal

Table of Contents 1

Thesis Basics

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Site Analysis

11 Module Basics 19 Concept Development 23 Design Proposal 37 Acknowledgments 38 Sources

Problem Statement This NASA Space habitat, located on the Moon, will be the home of this crew for 30 Days. After landing, the crew will be performing various activities on the unit that will be completely assembled and ready to be used. In this facility, the crew will have the option to be productive and also allow themselves to have rest time and entertainment.

Thesis Statement Space architecture is the theory and practice of designing and building inhabited environments in outer space. The focus of this project is to provide an appropriate design that will improve the human experience in spatial living habitats. This will be achieved by studying human behavior and the physiological effects of living in a space habitat.

Thesis Basics 1

Mission Scenario Mission Objectives 1.Conduct surface exploration operations 2.Collect samples at various area of interest (AOIs) and return for analysis 3.Conduct sample analysis experiments Lunar Surface Exploration Control robotic surface assets using tele robotics Crew Size: 4 Duration: 30 days (Not including transit to/from earth)

Thesis Basics 2

Mission Objectives 1.Create and space that is adaptable to the needs of the mission Provide design elements that allow for multiple uses Include multipurpose furnishings that can be easily manipulated 2. Create and space that promotes crew-members wellbeing Offer spaces that are easy to personalize Define public and private spaces through spatial planning 3. Create an Intuitive space that is easy to navigate Include way finding elements in the space to delineate direction Organize spaces to facilitated mission objectives 4. Design communal spaces that promote social activities Incorporate a place to play movies and music Design communal spaces to adapt for different cultural practices 5.Integrate Materials that are safe and functional Integrate acoustical treatment to improve privacy Add antimicrobial surfaces that are easy to clean on high traffic zones

Thesis Basics 3

Design Goals 1.Choosing a focus and a scenario, complete a comprehensive interior design of the habitation element(s).

2. Optimize interior design to support mission objectives.

3. Optimize interior design for human health and performance during completion of mission objectives.

Thesis Basics 4

Site Analysis

Average Distance from Earth 238,855 miles | 384,400 kilometers

Site Analysis 5

About the Moon The Moon is a natural satellite, or a space object that orbits around something else.The leading theory of how the moon was formed is that a Mars-sized object collided with Earth billions of years ago, and debris from this collision eventually formed the Moon.

Site Analysis 6

Moon Conditions The light areas of the Moon are known as the highlands. The dark features, called Maria, are impact basins that were filled with lava between 4.2 and 1.2 billion years ago. These light and dark areas represent rocks of different composition and ages, which provide evidence for how the early crust may have crystallized from a lunar magma ocean.

Gravity: About 16 .78% of Earth’s Temperature Range: -414 to 253 degrees F (-248 to 123 degrees C) Orbit and Rotation Period: 27.32 Earth Days Equatorial Human Visitors 12 Robot Visitors 100+

Site Analysis 7

Moon Atmosphere The three primary gases in the lunar atmosphere are neon, helium, and hydrogen, in roughly equal amounts. Small amounts of methane, carbon dioxide, ammonia, and water were also detected.

Moonquakes shake it. Compared to Earth, the Moon is a quietly active world.

Temperature The coldest temperatures in the solar system have been recorded at the Moon’s poles. Some polar craters, darkened by permanent shadows, harbor hidden water ice.

Site Analysis 8

Space conditions Microgravity significantly changes some human body lengths, circumferences and posture.

Space Radiation Astronauts are exposed to varied and increased levels of radiation that are different from those on Earth.

Extreme Conditions This include extreme heat and cold cycling, ultra-vacuum, atomic oxygen, and high energy radiation.

Site Analysis 9

Requirements to be an astronaut 1.Be a U.S. citizen 2.Possess a master’s degree* in a STEM field, including engineering, biological science, physical science, computer science or mathematics, from an accredited institution.

3.Have at least two years of related professional experience obtained after degree completion or at least 1,000 hours pilot-in-command time on jet aircraft.

4.Be able to pass the NASA long-duration flight astronaut physical.

The client This space habitat will be the home of 4 crew members from different backgrounds and walks of life.

While staying in this habitat the members will be able to work as well as rest and practice different cultural activities.

By implement multiple design strategies this habitat will host community and wellness.

Site Analysis

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Modules Studies

Control Room

Work Module

Living Module

Fuel Storage

Modules Studies

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Module Basics The fully assembled modules will be transported from earth to the moon's surface where they will be installed and ready to use.

Module size and shape are limited by the rocket direction.

The main construction material for the structure will be aluminum. The inner structure will protect the crew from the extreme conditions of outer space.

Modules Studies

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Hatch Locations Exteriors Hatches are locked but can be open to add more modules and expand the station. Interior hatches are open on the inside to allow transport between modules (Indicated in orange).

Modules Studies

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Circulation between Modules Considerations Horizontal and vertical circulation needs to be considered.

No gravity and entrance points

Modules Studies

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Modules Construction

cupola Living Module

Work Module

EVA Module Emergency EVA

Emergency EVA

Emergency EVA

Modules Studies

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Interior Frame/Storage Detailing The interior frame provides easy access to the structure of the module which will facilitate the reparation of the Modules. It also provides storage for the crew as well as technical equipment.

Front View

Top View

Isometric View

Modules Studies

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Spatial Adjacency

Modules Studies

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Isometric View

1.EVA Extravehicular Activity Suit Storage

2.Work Module Operation Station/Lab Laundry Meeting/Teleconference AC System

3.Living module Personal Hygiene Sleeping Pods Waste Management Garden Water Recycling System Water Dispenser Meal Preparation Hand/Face Hygiene AC System

Modules Studies

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Concept development This hypothetical mission consists of two modules where a crew of 4 will live on the Moon’s surface for 30 days.

After landing, they will be performing various activities within the unit that will be completely assembled and ready to be used.

The main focus of this project is to address the human needs and the physiological challenges that they will face while staying in the station.

This design is inspired by the formation of a star.

After millions of years, stars are born under extreme conditions. Galaxy dust and gas collapse to create a light being that adapts and grows to be part of a system.

The ability to withstand adversity and adapt to a new environment is supported by the design of the space habitat that will sustain human life and accommodate its needs.

Addressing and fulfilling the basic and psychological needs of the crew, they will be able to adapt and overcome the challenges of being in outer space.

Concept Development

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Formation of a Star

Formation of the crew Concept Development

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3D Print Model Initial interaction of the 3d print module. Studying the connection between modules.

Interaction 1

Interaction 2 Concept Development

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Process Work Spatial organization from an elevation view. Understanding the volume usage of the space.

Concept Development

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Proposal Design

EVA Entry/Exit

Floor Plan Key 1.Personal Hygiene 2. Sleeping Pods (2) 3.Waste Management 4.Operation Station/Lab 5. Laundry 6.AC System A.O2/Thermal Control 7.EVA (Extravehicular Activity) 8. Suit Storage 9. Hatch (Emergency Exit) 10. AC System B.Recycling System 11.Meeting/Teleconference 12.Garden A.Water Recycling System 13. Water Dispenser 14.Meal Preparation 15. Hand/Face Hygiene

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7

8

9.Emergency EVA

5 9.Emergency EVA

4

6.A

10.B

11

3

3 9.Emergency EVA

2

6.A

10.B

15

1

Design Proposal

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12

EVA Entry/Exit

Materials

Kevlar Different color of kevlar textile was used on the interior walls of the module as well as the cushion on the lounge and the sleeping pods.

White Foam The foam was used on the main lounge area as well as inside the sleeping pods.

Aluminium The outside and inside structure of the module is made of aluminum.

This provides safety and steadiness to the module and the Design Proposal crewmember.

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Lighting Concept Inspired by the circadian rhythm and how it can affect health and productivity. Light will be complementary to the daily activities of the crew by being closely aligned to their schedule. Adequate lighting will generate balance in the body and will generate dopamine, serotonin, cortisol, and melatonin in the right quantities at the right time of day. Intentional changes to color temperature and luminosity throughout the day can cater to both circadian rhythm and activity.

Design Proposal

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Blue/white light akin to bright midday light suppresses melatonin and increases serotonin, this light is great for activity.

Red/orange light Triggers melatonin in preparation for going to sleep.

Ambient Lighting (At the Moon Surface)dark shadows and very bright regions that are illuminated by the Sun Wayfinding Information systems that guide people through a physical environment Task Lighting: It's focused on the particular area where the task is performed and is brighter than ambient lighting.

Design Proposal

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4.2m

1.796m

South Elevation

1

2

6.A

Design Proposal

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3

3

1.Personal Hygiene 2. Sleeping Pods 3.Waste Management

5

8

EVA

4.Operation Station/Lab 5. Laundry 6.AC System A.O2/Thermal Control

7.EVA Extravehicular Activity

8. Suit Storage

Design Proposal

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North Elevation

9

11

9

10.B

Design Proposal

29

North Elevation

9. Hatch Emergency Exit

10. AC System B.Recycling System 12.A

9

13 14

15

11.Meeting /Teleconference 12.Garden A.Water Recycling System

10.B

13. Water Dispenser 14.Meal Preparation 15. Hand /Face Hygiene

Design Proposal

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Living Module

Design Proposal

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EVA

Design Proposal

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Water recycling system

Water recycling Converts water used for personal hygiene and sweet (absorb by the AC system ) into pure water.

H2O

O2

H2O feeds the garden and the water dispenser.

H2O provides O2 through AC system as well as thermal control.

Design Proposal

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LED light garden The space plants are given nutrients and exposed to "light-emitting diodes" or LEDs to grow.

LED Lighting

Water Dispenser

Water from recycling system

Design Proposal

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Work Module

Design Proposal

35

Design Proposal

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Acknowledgments I will like to thank Dr. Lisa Tucker, for making this project a possibility. For all her support and guidance. Lisa, thank you for your honest feedback, and your example of open-mindedness.

Thank you to Brett Montoya, from NASA, for your technical feedback on the design. I appreciate your time and honest feedback.

I want to thank all my professors and peers, who were a big part of this project by always giving me feedback and advice during this process.

Acknowledgments

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I will like to thank Dr. Lisa Tucker, for making this project a possibility. For all her support and guidance. Lisa, thank you for your honest feedback, and your example of open-mindedness.

Thank you to Brett Montoya, from NASA, for your technical feedback on the design. I appreciate your time and honest feedback.

I want to thank all my professors and peers, who were a big part of this project by always giving me feedback and advice during this process.

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Sources “Circadian Light for Your Health.” GSA, 25 Jan. 2021, https://www.gsa.gov/governmentwide-initiatives/federal-highperformance-greenbuildings/resource-library/health/circadian-light-for-your-health.

Dunbar, Brian. “Materials: Out of This World.” NASA, NASA, 6 June 2013, https://www.nasa.gov/centers/glenn/shuttlestation/station/misse.html.

Dunbar, Brian. “Astronaut Requirements.” NASA, NASA, 8 Apr. 2015, https://www.nasa.gov/audience/forstudents/postsecondary/features/F_Astronaut_Requireme nts.html.

“First Crew Starts Living and Working on the International Space Station.” ESA, https://www.esa.int/Science_Exploration/Human_and_Robotic_Exploration/International_Spac e_Station/First_crew_starts_living_and_working_on_the_International_Space_Station.

Heiney, Anna. “Growing Plants in Space.” NASA, NASA, 9 Apr. 2019, https://www.nasa.gov/content/growing-plants-in-space.

“Kevlar Fabric Plain 460 g/M2.” CHEMIFY, https://chemify.com/en/kevlar-fabric-plain-460g-m2.

Levine, Danise. “Universalnew York Design - Welcome to Nyc.gov.” The NYC Guidebook to Accessibility and Universal Design, Center for Inclusive Design and Environmental Access, University at Buffalo The State University of New York Buffalo, NY, 2003, http://www.nyc.gov/html/ddc/downloads/pdf/udny/udny2.pdf.

“Manned System Regulations Standards .” NASA, NASA, https://msis.jsc.nasa.gov/Volume1.htm.

Mars, Kelli. “What Happens to the Human Body in Space?” NASA, NASA, 3 Feb. 2021, https://www.nasa.gov/hrp/bodyinspace.

“Overview.” NASA, NASA, 25 May 2021, https://moon.nasa.gov/inside-and-out/overview/.

Unsplash. “Beautiful Free Images & Pictures.” Unsplash, https://unsplash.com/.

Background Pictures and Additional pictures Sources

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Thank You! Alejandra Acero