Classification of HVAC systems

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Classification of HVAC systems

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http://www.airtrackhvac.com Classification of HVAC systems Air conditioning
 Air conditioning is the creation and automatic maintenance (regulation) in enclosed spaces of all or individual parameters (temperature, humidity, cleanliness, speed of air movement) at a certain level in order to ensure optimal meteorological conditions that are most favorable for the well-being of people or the process.
 Before proceeding to the classification of air conditioning systems, it should be noted that there is still no generally accepted classification, and this is due to the multi variance of the circuit diagrams, technical and functional characteristics that depend not only on the technical capabilities of the systems themselves, but also on the objects of application (air-conditioned rooms) Modern air conditioning systems can be classified according to the following criteria: - according to the main purpose (object of application): comfortable and technological; - according to the principle of the location of the air conditioner in the serviced room: central and local; - by the presence of its own (included in the design of the air conditioner) source of heat and cold: autonomous and non-autonomous; - by the principle of action: direct-flow, recirculation and combined; - according to the method of regulating the output parameters of conditioned air: with high-quality (single-tube) and quantitative (two-pipe) regulation; - by the number of served premises (local zones): single-zone and multi-zone; - according to the pressure created by the fans of the central air conditioners, they are divided into low pressure systems (up to 100 kg / m2), medium pressure (from 100 to 300 kg / m2) and high pressure (above 300 kg / m2).

Air conditioning according to the degree of ensuring meteorological conditions, they are divided into three classes: - the first class provides the parameters required for the technological process in accordance with regulatory documents; - the second class provides optimal sanitary and hygienic standards or the required technological standards; - the third class provides acceptable standards if they cannot be provided with ventilation during the warm season without the use of artificial air cooling.

In addition to the above classifications, there are various air conditioning systems serving special technological processes, including systems with meteorological parameters that change in time (according to a specific program).

http://www.airtrackhvac.com Types of air conditioners: 1. split-systems (wall, floor-ceiling, column type, cassette type, multi-zone with variable refrigerant flow); 2. floor air conditioners and split-system air conditioners with forced ventilation; 3. systems with chillers and fan coils; 4. roof air conditioners; 5. cupboard air conditioners; 6. precision air conditioners; 7. central air conditioners.

Ventilation What is it? The Encyclopedic Dictionary gives the following definition in this regard: “Under ventilation, we mean regulated air exchange, which is carried out to create an indoor air environment favorable for human health and labor activity. “Ventilation also means a combination of technical means necessary for the implementation of air exchange.”

What exactly should be considered comfortable and favorable is prescribed in SNiP (Building Norms and Rules).

With all the variety of ventilation systems, due to the purpose of the premises, the nature of the technological process, and the type of harmful emissions, they can be classified according to the following characteristic signs: 1. by the method of creating pressure for air movement: with natural and artificial (mechanical) motivation.

2. by appointment: supply and exhaust.

3. by service area: local and general exchange.

4. by design: channel and non-channel.

Ventilation systems include groups of a wide variety of equipment.

1. Fans: - axial fans; - radial fans; - diametrical fans.

http://www.airtrackhvac.com 2. Fan units: - ducted; - roof.

3. Ventilation installations: - forced-air; - exhaust; - supply and exhaust.

4. Air-curtains.

5. Mufflers.

6. Air filters.

7. Air heaters: - electric; - water.

8. Air ducts: - metal; - metal-plastic; - non-metallic; - flexible and semi-flexible.

9. Shut-off and control devices: - air valves; - diaphragms; - check valves.

10. Air diffusers and regulating air exhaust devices: - grilles; - slotted air distribution devices; - shades; - nozzles with nozzles; - perforated panels.

11. Thermal insulation.

http://www.airtrackhvac.com Heating
 The task of any heating system is to maintain a predetermined indoor temperature at a time when the ambient temperature can vary significantly depending on the season and geographical location. To ensure a given mode, it is necessary to compensate for the heat loss resulting from the temperature difference due to the supply of thermal energy.

Heating systems are designed to compensate for all types of heat loss: both transmission (through building elements) and ventilation (with the influx of cold air outside and losses of warm air).

There are three main types of heating systems: - transmitting heat by radiation (infrared systems); - convection; - heating by supply of warm air.

Types of equipment.

1. Infrared heating systems: - stoves and fireplaces; - lamps (electric and gas); - panels (water, electric and gas); - warm floors (electric and water); - water heating radiators (cast iron and tubular, steel panel without convector lattices).

2. Convectors: - convector-type radiators (steel panel with convector lattices); - forced convection radiators; - convectors (electric and water); - convectors with forced convection (electric and water).

3. Heaters with the supply of warm air: - thermal curtains (electric and water); - portable (electric) and stationary (electric and water) heat fans; - air heating systems (water, electric and gas).

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Air Track Inc 16 Falconer Dr #5 Mississauga, ON L5N 3M1 Canada Email: info@airtrackhvac.com Phone: (905) 330 4056, (416) 618 8705 Fax: (905) 812 9136 Email: info@airtrackhvac.com website: www.airtrackhvac.com