Paimio Sanatorium
YouTube: The Architectural Review
“Revisiting Alvar Aalto's Paimio Sanatorium”
Kritik oleh Ellis Woodman
The Paimio Sanatorium belongs to a major program of Architectural construction in the 1920s and 30s in Finland which is directed towards tackling the federick tuberculosis. This is the best know of those buildings on the work of Alvar Aalto built in 1929 at 32 and really represents the building that brought out international attention.
Alvar Aalto was 30 years old when he won the competition which is only 11 years after Finland secure independence and in many respects it's a building which is trying to forge an identity for this new country.
It's building which marks a radical change and the architectural language that he'd been exploring his 20s he was really a classicist working in a tradition which you could find parallel examples of in Sweden and Denmark.
Biographic Criticism
Karena membahas latar belakang sang arsitek yang mana beliau memenangkan kompetisi dan menjelajahi arsitektural.
This building and the work that he was producing around about 1928-29. There was suddenly this move towards an embrace of functionalism Damascus conversions.
Kritik oleh Ellis Woodman
We can see evidence of the influence of Le Corbusier and Groupis certainly and particularly Zonnestraal whose sanatorium Hilversum was realized just a couple of years previously.
I think you're beginning to see all of these sort of influences combined and at the same time the beginnings of a language which is particularly alters you notice it certainly in the foyer areas where there's a curvilinear geometry at work.
Typal Criticism
Karena mengacu pada bangunan yang serupa yaitu Sanatorium Hilversum.
Depictive Criticism
Static Aspects (form)
Mendeskripsikan tentang bentuk area foyer
In Morton Chan's original review of this building in the architectural review he described the planners being like a broken wheel in which the spokes have been execute off at different angles.
Fact (Citation)
Kritik oleh Ellis Woodman
The one behind me is really the largest of these spokes which is the block accommodating the bedrooms of the 290 patients who would have lived here at any one time.
Depictive Criticism
Static Aspects (form)
Mendeskripsikan tentang ruangan yang bisa menampung dengan kapasitas tertentu.
All arranged in rooms of to patients a piece all the rooms are effectively identical they're all accessed of as can a single loaded corridor which is facing north and on this side every room enjoys the south aspect...
Depictive Criticism
Static Aspects (form)
Mendeskripsikan tentang bentuk koridor
... The windows extend really quite low down with the aim that the patients have a view down to the landscaped area outside.
Depictive Criticism
Dynamic Aspects
Menjelaskan pengalaman yang dihasilkan lingkungan fisik
Kritik oleh Ellis Woodman
It's filling the wards themselves that you see Alto absolute mastery of detail their concern for a real scientific inquiry into every last feature of the living environment of the people staying here. Patients would ordinarily have spent about 60% of their day in bed, but the building also gives them the opportunity to spend time outside in direct contact with nature along.
Advocatory Criticism
Membantu sang arsitek dalam menerjemahkan fungsi bangunan dan memuji Alto sebagai mastery of detail
The very top there's a continuous roof terrace which would have accommodated literally hundreds of tuberculosis patients.
Depictive Criticism Static Aspects (form). Mendeskripsikan tentang atap teras yang menerus.
Over the course of the day at the end of each of these long singles expect corridors the patient would have been able to access seams of smaller solarium at the far end which had been glazed in subsequently.
Depictive Criticism Dynamic Aspects. Mendeskripsikan bagaimana ruang dapat diakses oleh pasien
Kritik oleh Ellis Woodman
The building grew higher after the competition won by three stories and that's had the effect that it's approximately the same height as the mature trees,
So we're up on the roof terrace here which is really one of the canonical space of early modernism clearly drawing on Le Corbusier edict about the use of the roof for second occupiable space and one can make comparisons perhaps with his own ocean linear a project with the similar sort of linear arrangement and a relationship out to a landscape.
Both buildings are essential profoundly anti-urban it's really in this natural environment that a language of early modernist have began to develop.
Depictive Criticism
Static Aspects (form). Mendeskripsikan tinggi bangunan.
Doctrinal Criticism
Mengambil 1 doktrin dari Le Corbuzier tentang atap yang dapat digunakan sebagai ruang/space
Exposure to fresh air throughout year was an absolutely central tenet of the idea of how TB was going to be addressed in this building and this is a part of the world which on a day like this is absolutely tropical but mid-January you'd wonder if you'd really want to be up here.
Contextual Criticism
Membahas mengenai konteks cuaca lingkungan yang mempengaruhi pada bangunan.
Kritik oleh Ellis Woodman
Between the museum below we can find which kind of fur-lined sleeping bags which there would have been 120 beds can arrange the long midst of winter....
Depictive Criticism
Static Aspects (form)
Mendeskripsikan tentang kapasitas ruang.
...and presumably with the soundtrack of coughing so maybe not sure we call it as it is now. Fact
Paimio is in southwest Finland about 150km outside Helsinki and many respect the fact that it's building so detached from the city but it's a thing into itself in the middle of this wild landscape he's allowed held her to step aside from any sort of urban considerations the building can be what it is without any obligation to any existing condition, so it really does feel like a building is machine.
Contextual Criticism
Membahas mengenai lokasi bangunan yang jauh dari perkotaan dan berada di tengah-tengah lanskap.
Kesimpulan
Ellis Woodman menggunakan 7 metode kritik dari 12 jenis meode kritik.
Woodman mengungkapkan beberapa fakta-fakta
seperti tahun Paimio Sanatorium ini dibangun sebelum masuk ke dalam kritik.
Di awal Woodman menggunakan kritik Biographic, dimana beliau menjelaskan Aalto yang memenangkan sayembara dan menjelajahi arsitektur.
Dalam kritiknya, Woodman menggunakan depictive static dan dynamic yang biasanya berdekatan (dalam 1 paragraf).
Sedangkan di akhir beliau menggunakan kritik Contextual.
Woodman menggunakan kritik Depictive 57% (14% Dynamic, 43% Static).
THANK YOU
