ARCHITECTURE PORTFOLIO A I N I N
L E O N G
M.Arch, University of Melbourne 2014
Content
01 The Banyan Tower: Femtasia
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2014
02 Unlivable City: The Secret Garden
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2014
03 Office Tower 2013
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04 Regenerative Design: Adaptive Reuse 2013
05 Co-housing: Micro Housing 2013
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06 Barlow’s Showroom
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2012
07 Wyndham City Western Gateway
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2012
08 Carlton Garden Bridge
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2010
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09 Learning From The Masters: Kazuyo Sejima Yarra Bend Park
2011
01
The Banyan Tower: Femtasia 2014
Embracing the practice of ‘Noble’ Architecture, the project focuses on encouraging local industry, skill acquisition and the native title of the people of Efate, Vanuatu. Learning from the past mistreatment of the Indigenous Australians, a thorough understanding of the local Ni-Vanuatu people in terms of their local sources, demographics, values, customs and lifestyle is important to prevent the exploitation of the locals. While dealing with the inevitability of investment demands, capital growth and expansion, how can a resort project that encourages shared wealth, self sustaining communities and contributes to the enhancement of the built environment be
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When we see improvement, when we see more dignity, more confidence, more happiness, we will know we are going to win. Redfern Park Speech Paul Keating, 1992.
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Gender equality has been emphasised in Vanuatu in recent years with women rising and opposing being marginalised from discussions and decision making on areas of social and economic development, governance and human rights at community and national levels. However by just helping women to empower themselves will not give gender equality much meaning as long as the men still fail to recognise women’s ability. On the other hand, the banyan tree is a local myth that tells the emergence of a Ni-Vanuatu community as it was the first shelter found by men. This project looks at how the banyan tree could inform architecture that becomes a symbol of change that inspires both men and women to end gender inequality.
Ni-Vanuatu Women
Oprah Winfrey
Global Fund for Women
To achieve that, the banyan tree is dissected to inform how the architecture could be inspired by its structure. To inform what kind of space and program needed by the Ni-Vanuatu women, research has been done in terms of local history and custom. It is to understand how both the men women carry out their daily lives and the reasons that are still preventing the women from coming out from their traditional gendered roles and men from acknowledging the capabilities of women. From that, the idea of showcasing women’s capabilities is incorporated into the project, creating an open space that allows women to exhibit their skills. Subsequently, men gain the opportunity to see women in action which encourages them to change their perception on the women.
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Research by Design
PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK EDUCATIONAL PRODUCT
PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK EDUCATIONAL PRODUCT
Women’s Pavilion
Lap-lap Pier
Women’s Training Centre PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK EDUCATIONAL PRODUCT
Cultural Centre
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Land Art
Reception Centre
Fairy Tale Villa
Experimental Villa
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Sketch View when Approaching the Tower
Sketch View from the Local Village
Generation of Form from the Cross Section of a Banyan 10
Wise if he is
he ought not to
FEAR
the reputation of being mean The Prince Niccolo Machiavelli, 1532.
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Masterplan 12
Microcosm of Femtasia
As part of the incentive for women to be financial independent and to utilise their skills, most of the site are farming land which contributes as the main source of income. Only a small part of the site is developed, to create a close knit community between the locals and the tourists. The overall planning of the resort is influenced by the layout of a Ni-Vanuatu village. Traditionally, important buildings are only accessible by men. This is challenged by the proposal where the main building is designed for women and they are free to venture into any part of the resort as they please. Across the farming land, child care facilities and classrooms are provided. The Ni-Vanuatu women are known to be the main child care taker and while they are working, the children can still be close to their mothers. When needed, seminars on agriculture technology and management could be delivered through the classrooms. The banyan tower is the focal point of the resort with a reception centre that welcomes arriving tourists. In the same building itself, locals and tourists alike are able to participate in activities that are related to the local culture and customs. Two types of accommodation are provided for tourists. The luxury villas are spread out individually in the forested area, providing a calming and relaxing atmosphere and also immersing oneself in the beauty of the local forest. On the other hand, the budget accommodation is a more dorm like building located near the heart of the village. A market space and a sporting field create opportunities for interaction and the organising of community outreach programs by influential people such as the client, Oprah Winfrey which aims at empowering the local women.
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The women training centre starts from level one onwards. Having grouped programs is symbolical in creating a new community of trained and empowered women. The expansion of the banyan’s aerial roots is incorporated in the form of light wells for the building. The facade is inspired by how the vines and aerial roots intertwine with each other, creating a sense of being under a banyan tree from the interior. The centre core is not just a stairwell but also a continuous gallery space exhibiting information on the local women such as their struggles to challenge the traditional gendered roles. Since the banyan tree is a strangler, the stairs symbolically ‘strangle’ the past with new opportunities growing and branching our from the core. The program is distributed across the levels with each level focussing one type of training. Throughout the building, stages are available for competitions and performances, which both locals and tourists could participate or be a spectator. The idea is to provide men with the opportunity to see women in action, thus encouraging men to change their perception of the women. At the topmost floor, a viewing platform is designed overlooking the farming land, reminding both men and women that by recognising women’s capabilities, they can produce greater results together. Section 14
Celebration
- Kava Bar - Viewing Platform
Self Expression
- Dance & Music Studio - Performance Stage
The Reception
Self Defence - Fitness - Martial Arts - Health
Education - Library - Classrooms
Self Expression
- Speaking Classses - Weaving Classes - Speaking Contest
Reception
Diagram of Program and its Categorisation
View from the inside of the stairwell Sectional Detail of the Rock Climbing Wall
Sectional Detail of the Gallery Space
Sectional Detail of the Reading Area View of the viewing platform 15
Ground Floor Plan
L1 Floor Plan
L2 Floor Plan 16
View as Approaching the Tower 17
Exterior View from Ground Level
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02
Unlivable City: The Secret Garden
2014
The Melbourne CBD has many sites that are not conducive and prohibitive to residential occupation. At the same time, housing is greatly needed by many people who are not normally accommodated by society such as the homeless and the illegal occupants. Forming a strategy to increase urban density, how can these under utilised sites be transformed into legal occupation?
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Main streets and major green parks are often the highlights of a city’s livability. Leftover spaces, however, often conjure up negative images of danger and unlivability. Now, every night in Australia, at least 36, 000 youths are homeless but only 14% are housed by welfare. This project looks into creating a safe haven for the homeless youth while contributing back to the city through greenery. With teenagers aging from 13-18 in mind, the housing aims at giving them a sense of connectedness, freedom and relaxation. The chosen site is safely tucked away from the main streets, surrounded by existing buildings. The idea is to visually block the youths from the gaze of the general public. However, the youths are not completely socially secluded from the general public. The open space in the ‘core’ is opened for the use of the general public. Pocket spaces can be discovered on the ground level and roofs of the buildings as the visitors venture around. The idea is to help these mentally scarred youths to reconnect and regain trust to the society. To protect the youths’ privacy, the facilities located in the ‘core’ are nicely ‘hidden’ by trellises to create a clear boundary for the visitors. Counteracting to the typology of existing welfare housing, sharing is limited only to the facilities. The accommodations are designed to be single rooms that are clustered around the open green spaces, giving the youths a sense of ownership. The living areas are located away from the ‘core’ where the main facilities are, so that the youths do not feel scrutinised all the time by the authorities. Facilities that do not need constant supervision such as the lounges and bbq pits are located among the accommodations, allowing privacy for the youths as needed.
Whitehart Lane
Niagara Lane
Elizabeth Street
Lonsdale Street
Little Bourke Street
Map of Chosen Site 20
Connectedness
Place of Rest
Free
Nature
to be listened to, not to be pitied at
to feel emotionally and physically safe
free to think and talk
calming and relaxing
Bird’s Eye View from Elizabeth Street 21
P3
P1
1. Kitchen 2. Dining 3. Infirmary 4. Admin Office 5. Classroom 6. Counsellor Office 7. Roof Top Green Space 8. Accommodation 9. Toilet & Bath 10. Shared Green Space 11. Care Taker’s Accommodation 12. Lounge 13. Laundry
Plan 22
P2
Plan of the Upper Levels for P1
Plan of the Upper Levels for P2
Plan of the Upper Levels for P3
Based on research, these youths endured abuse and countless restrictions in terms of freedom to think and to talk. To accommodate that, the small rooms are not confining ones but open up to open green spaces that are shared among a few occupants, giving them more space to move around The forms of the accommodation buildings and the ‘core’ buildings are deliberately designed to be different, giving a clear perception of private and public areas. The accommodations are designed to be irregular in form, mimicking the overall form of a tree canopy. When looked up from the ground level, the accommodations that are located high above on the existing buildings feels like a canopy as the climbers grow and cover the walls with time. 23
Section A-A
Section F-F View to the ‘Core’ from the Main Entrance Along Whitehart Lane
Section C-C 24
Section D-D View from the Accommodation to the Shared Green Space
Section E-E
Open Common Area for the Enjoyment of the Homeless Youth
Section B-B
Looking into Whitehart Lane 25
View to the ‘Core’ from the Secondary Entrance Along Lonsdale Streeto
Facilities Accommodation
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Diagram of program allocation across the site. The facilities form the ‘core’ of the institution that connects the homeless youth together while living in accommodations which are spread out in more private areas.
Diagram of green spaces across the site at various levels
Diagram of spatial hierarchy. General public are able to access the open spaces at the ‘core’ and only the homeless youths have access to the open spaces at the accommodation area. Public Public to the homeless youth, private to the general public Private
Diagram of form making. Forms are inspired by elements of nature namely the landscape and the tree canopy. The buildings on the rooftops take up the form of a landscape whereas those attached on the walls take up the form of a tree canopy with the idea that people on the ground are able to see ‘canopies’ growing on the existing buildings, while people viewing from the top could see the landscape-like buildings spreading across the site, as though nature has taken control and grow on the initially under utilised site. Spatial diagram of the accommodation. Each accommodation can be opened up to the shared green space and also open up to each other to form a larger whole space, not only bringing the landscape inside but also encourage interaction between the homeless youths.
Diagram of circulation
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03
Office Tower
2013
Design development proposal with key envelope details for a free-standing tall office building located in a hypothetical site in Melbourne CBD.
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The overall form of the tower appears to be undulating by having floor plates shifting only in the east and west direction, creating edgy facades at the east and west, and flat facades at the north and south. Due to the shifting of the floor plates, some are cantilevered with the maximum length being 3 meters. There are two important aspects for the facade, namely the shape and arrangement of the curtain wall units and the variation of colour across the height of the building. To produce the edgy effect as intended, the curtain wall unit plays an important role in terms of its orientation and shape. The undulating facades have regular rectangular curtain wall units placed in an angle whereas the flat facades’ units have a shape similar to that of a parallelogram. These two variations not only complement the way the floor plates work but also create a perception that the building is wavy. From the interior, occupants can experience the change of facade orientation from seemingly falling inwards to being 90° to the floor and then seemingly falling outwards. The blue colour of the vision glass are darker at the lower floors and slowly become lighter towards the top, creating an effect of the building blending in slowly with the sky.
Typical Floor Framing Plans
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Shortest Typical Primary Beam Profile
Longest Typical Primary Beam Profile
Site Section 31
Digital Volumetric Test
Test 1
Test 2
Test 3
Test 4
Final Choice
Model Making Process
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Complete Stacking Model
Belt Truss Viewed from East West
Structure Configuration of Mechanical Floors
Belt Truss Front View
Load Transfer Diagram
Overall Structural Configuration
Digital Model with Facade Indicating Location of Louvres on Mechanical Floors
Section Showing Continuous Louvres
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Rendering of Model in the CBD 34
Typical Section of Curtain Wall Unit
Isometric View
Detail of a Typical Corner 35
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Regenerative Design: Adaptive Reuse 2013 Even with existing regional areas that are gifted with established infrastructure, urban sprawl in Melbourne is still a problem that needs constant control to counteract this continual trend. One of such regional areas is Woodend, a quiet and under utilised town that has the potential to be reactivated as a country hub. Looking at a decommissioned Blackforest Saw Mill at Woodend, how can it be transformed into a viable mixed-use development using ecological
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Boathouse
Greenhouse
Flower Nursery
Garden
Acc.
Library Acc.
Classroom Toilet
Cafe Community Kitchen
Workers’ Lunchroom Office
Acc.
Permaculture
Gallery
Carpark
Jetty/ Stage
Acc.
Existing Tower
Farmers’ Acc.
Waterfront Classroom
Classroom
Amphitheatre
Market Cafe
Acc. Acc.
Playground Function Room
Restaurant
Outdoor Stage Auditorium
Stable Campers’ Amenities
Blacksmith/ Farrier
Carpark
Timber Workshop
Acc.
Carpark Timber Sale Yard
Carpark
Acc. Digesters
Wind Turbine Carpark
Equestrian Pathway Car Road Pedestrian Pathway
Food Agriculture Learning Craft Accommodation Recreation Retail
Zoning Diagram 38
Local Context Plan
Tourism is very important in Woodend, with food, fine wineries, cycling, equestrian activities and the Hanging Rock as the main attractions. The site itself holds opportunities such as creating a link for the public to enjoy the beautiful landscape surrounding the site. With the reactivation of the site, job opportunities are created which could bring back the younger generation who has left Woodend in search of a change of lifestyle in the urban areas. In addition, permaculture is likely to be the main attraction of Woodend in conjunction with the local Community Farmers Market. In accordance to regenerative design, this proposal aims at periurban agriculture, tourism and education. With agriculture, people will be brought closer to the ideas of urban greening, food production and farming culture, water management, composting urban waste and the appreciation of the biological system. The site planning is designed to open up views as much as possible to visitors and reconnect visitors to nature. Cycling and equestrian pathways are incorporated into the site to form a continuous link from the town centre. To retain as much original vegetation as possible, the built form will stay at the location of existing buildings and existing open areas. In the building, learning areas such as libraries and classrooms are provided to accommodate learning sessions by the public. The greenhouse is also a learning ground where hands on learning on food production and aquaponics can be held. A gallery space is also incorporated in the planning for any permaculture and local farming history related exhibitions, bringing a whole new level of understanding to the general public. This project also focuses on retaining as much original structures as possible to reduce construction wastes. Thus, the steel structure and aluminium cladding of the original structure are retained, preserving not only its historical values, but also its industrial aesthetics.
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Formation of Design from the Existing Building
Deciduous Fuit & Nut Tree
Summer
Deciduous Fuit & Nut Tree
Summer
Winter
Deciduous Plants on the North for Shading During Summer and Letting Heat in During Winter evergreen fruit trees summer heat
ventilation
1. Gallery 2. Cafe 3. Nursery 4. Library 5. Classroom 6. Toilet 7. Community Kitchen 8. Greenhouse 9. Cold Room 10. Processing Room 11. Office 12. Loading Bay
winter wind
Diagram of Shading, Heating and Ventilation
Plan 40
Vegetation Hierarchy of a Food Forest
hydronic floor heating
To open up views and to connect visitors to the agriculture site, the existing building is sliced into three parts, with a food forest replacing the removed part and a timber deck which led the visitors through a transition of a more enclosed area to the openness of the surrounding landscape.
View from the East Entrance
Interior of the Greenhouse 41
Section A-A
East Elevation
Section B-B
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South Elevation
PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK EDUCATIONAL PRODUCT
View from the Main Entrance PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK EDUCATIONAL PRODUCT
PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK EDUCATIONAL PRODUCT
INSULATION ALUMINIUM FRAME PURLIN GLASS
ALUMINIUM FRAME
EXISTING STEEL TRUSS SEALANT
TIMBER BATTEN & SEALANT STEEL DEFLECTION HEAD TRACK CORRUGATED IRON SHEET CORNER BEAD PLASTER BOARD INSULATION
TOP SPAN
SARKING
STEEL STUD
Detail of the truss passing through glass between the interior and the exterior PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK EDUCATIONAL PRODUCT
PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK EDUCATIONAL PRODUCT
END CAPPING
TOP PLATE
PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK EDUCATIONAL PRODUCT
SEAL WITH FOAM INFILL STRIP PRE-FINISHED CORRUGATED STEEL SHEET
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PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK EDUCATIONAL PRODUCT
Rainwater that falls on the roof of the building is harvested for use in toilet flushing and irrigation. Filtered rainwater is also used for domestic activities. In the greenhouse, aquaponic system is used for irrigation of the greenhouse. Near the bank of the lake, additional trees are planted to act as a riparian buffer, protecting the lake from the agriculture activities.
Rain Water
F
F
F F
F
Surface Runoff
filtered grey water filtered water for domestic use rain water collected to water tank
irrigation
Water Tank
Aquaponic system for greenhouse irrigation
Surface Runoff
irrigation
Surface runoff filtered by the trees so that dam water remain clean and healthy for the aquatic ecosystem
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Naturally filtered water to return to the dam
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Co-Housing: Micro Housing 2013 With the increase demand of housing but the soaring pricing of property, the younger generation is struggling to own a property of their own. Focussing on micro housing, how can this compact housing typology have a positive impact on the community in terms of place making, sustainability and affordability?
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Section A-A
View along the main street
Section B-B
Section C-C
Entrance from Neil Street
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Demographic of Sunshine that could Benefit from Micro Housing
Household Type and Function Diagram for the New Housing
Section D-D
3D Model Showing a Bird’s Eye View of the Planning 47
Diagram of Flow Across the Site
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Community Focal Point
Function of the Buildings
View Towards the Common House from the South
Open Common Space in Use
Mixed Household Type Across the Housing Plan
Same Language in Different Scale
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Located in Sunshine, Victoria, the proposed project aims at creating a close knit community through the establishment of co-housing. The demographic of Sunshine which does not own a property consists of young growing families, single parent families, couples and singles. Corresponding to the different household type, a variety of housing sizes is designed. The housing is designed so that the varying types of household would mix to create a more close knit and friendlier community. In consideration of the concept of co-housing and sustainability, facilities are provided in the common house which is located in the heart of the housing community.
Such facilities are kitchen, laundry room, library, study, children’s play room, living areas, workshop, and also guest rooms. Through sharing, residents has more chances of bumping into each other and know each other, as opposed to the current local community which rarely get the chance to know their neighbours. Although the idea of sharing is an important element of cohousing, privacy is not overlooked. The stacking of individual housing units create pocket spaces which are turned into private outdoor green space and for larger households with children, basic facilities such as kitchen and laundry are provided to accommodate more frequent use.
To maximise space, each unit has movable partitions that acts also as storage units, installed between the bedroom and living room. In addition to that, sliding doors enables residents to open up the living area towards their garden, extending the boundary of the living area. Another important characteristic is the openness of the planning of the design aiming at bringing not only the co-housing residents together but also the surrounding community of Sunshine. Hopefully with this proposal it could inculcate the importance and advantage of a close knit community.
Expansion of Living Space via Movable Partition and the Opening Up to Outdoor Green Space
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Design of Movable partition Facing the Living Area
Design of Movable partition Facing the Bedroom
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Barlow’s Showroom 2012 Being an automobile fanatic, Barlow the client has owned a few luxury cars during his lifetime. However, he died tragically by suicide after being declared bankrupt. Imagining Barlow being alive and wanting to build a car showroom, how could the design reflect his love for cars? In addition, with the heavy traffic in the CBD, how could a car park space of 300 be incorporated into the design?
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Site Plan
Form Making
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The form comes from the stacking of cubes and by rotating the cubes non uniformly, an interesting composition is produced. To create a more interesting result, square and parallelogram cubes are used in combination. The cubes intersect with each other which provides a seemingly complicated and irregular form. This composition is then placed randomly across the building’s smooth facade, creating an obvious and interesting contrast. The idea is to reflect Barlow’s turbulent life which consisted both smooth and tricky moments. From the ground level, the pointy forms can be seen when looking upwards. The floor slabs of the parking floors are designed to have a sharp edge at one end so that when
viewed from far, the slabs appeared to be slanted. The placement of openings is also done randomly to create a pattern for the facade. Since the east façade is right at the boundary of its neighbouring building, even with the absence of the protruding cube composition, the randomness of the openings still correspond to the chaotic facade. In the interior, cubes are also added to the car park facing the atrium of the showroom. This creates a feeling that the cars in the car park are also a part of the new cars displayed, hence creating a fun environment for car parking. Overall, the unpredictable and fun design also aims at evoking the curiosity of both the pedestrians and the users of the building.
Section 53
Physical Model
View of Interior from Above
North Elevation 54
West Elevation
Car Park ‘Display’
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Plan
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Wyndham City Western Gateway
2012
In recent years, Wyndham City has been addressing the issue of its image by undertaking significant works to upgrade the condition and aesthetics of its streetscape. As part of the studio’s learning, using parametric design, how can the design of the gateway add value to the city’s image?
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Exploration of Patterns and Forms 
Exploration on Extration and Perforation Based on the Zelkova Tree
Restaurant Aoba-Tei Sendai, Japan
Hitoshi Abe + Atelier Hitoshi Abe
The case study is a reverse engineering exercise to allow extensive learning on the usage of Grasshopper. To achieve the result as similar as possible to the original facade, an image of the Zelkova tree is used to create the perforation desired. The circular perforation was experimented in terms of adjusting the radius and simplifying or complicating the perforation. With the
Exploration on Light and Atmospheric Effects
cut sheet, light effect was being tested. It was interesting to see how the shadow projected changes based on the shape of the sheet and the distance between light and the perforation. The testing enabled the exploration of atmospheric effect which differs from the feel in the restaurant. 59
Main Perspective View Towards the CBD Perspective View (from CBD)
Perspective View (to CBD)
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The site is located at the Western Interchange which runs along the Princes Freeway. The freeway is mostly used to commute to the city for work and education. This initiated the impression of people being like the sunflower, ‘working’ when the sun rises and resting when the sun sets. Subsequently, a design that behaves similarly to the
sunflower by moving according to the sun path was created. The design consists of twisted rectangular strips that aims to exaggerate the view as they slowly rotates throughout the day. Since the view of the gateway changes with the time of the day and the season of the year, the gateway provides an ever changing view that will not bore viewers easily.
Summer 8 am
Winter 8 am
Summer 10 am
Winter 10 am
Summer 12 pm
Winter 12 pm
Summer 2 pm
Winter 2 pm
Summer 5 pm
Winter 4 pm
Movement Throughout the Day during Summer and Winter
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Carlton Garden Bridge 2010 A bridge for the pedestrians and cyclists is needed to improve their safety when crossing Nicholson Street that is constantly busy with trams and automobiles. Emphasising on the aesthetic values of the garden, how can the addition of a new structure not disrupt the harmony of the garden?
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Section A-A
Section B-B
Plan
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In order to harmonise with the garden, the design of the bridge cover is similar to tree branches but simplified. Cyclists should be able to feel as though they are riding in the woods, surrounded by nature. The reason for its simplification is so
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that the design does not upstage the beauty of the garden but at the same time people will not go without noticing the bridge. The bridge is not curved at both sides due to the fact that
the pedestrian path way along St. Vincent Hospital located opposite the garden is not wide enough. The curved part is placed at the garden while the straight part is placed at the opposite.
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Learning From The Masters: Kazuyo Sejima Yarra Bend Park Boathouse 2011 The current boathouse in the park is deemed to be not suitable for the increase usage of the park due to insufficient facilities. Based on what was learned from the master Kazuyo Sejima of SANAA, how could the design of the new boathouse be delivered.
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Parti: Organisation of Blocks with Individual Functions
Parti: House A 
One of the formal rules of SANAA that I have used is the usage of individual blocks with its own function. My design is heavily influenced by that of House A in which the architect had these blocks of individual functions joined together to form a building. However, unlike House A, the site of the boathouse is not flat, thus, the design does not form one whole building but a composition of buildings. In coherence to the site, the blocks are stacked along the landscape which contributes to the undulated appearance. Besides, SANAA always put great importance in linking the internal and external environment and had as much greeneries to come to view as possible. Hence, there is a large amount of glazing throughout the whole design to invite in light to reduce artificial lighting which at the same time provides people with outdoor views. The glazing is not placed randomly but frames desired views for the visitors and also creates a partially outdoor atmosphere to the visitors.
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5
8
9
7 6 3
2
1
1 Boathouse 2 Kiosk 3 Restaurant 4 Kitchen (Cafe) 5 Cafe 6 Kitchen (Restaurant) 7 Toilet 8 Office 9 Rooftop Garden 10 Jetty
5 4
5
10 Plan 71
Bird’s Eye View
North Elevation
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Section AA
Restaurant Interior
Enclosure
Structure
Public Semi-Public Private
Spatial Hierarchy View Towards River East Elevation
Cafe Interior
High with View Low with Limited View Open Space with Unobstructed View
Permeability and View
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