Neo school of architectural crafts / urban regeneration in Budapest

Function. urban rennovation (1st phase) / Educational building (2nd phase).

Location. District VIII (VIII. kerulet), Budapest, Hungary Area. 5100 m2

Project description. NEO Architecture School of Crafts is a visionary institution that embodies sustainability and community integration. One of its key features is a state-of-the-art ventilation system, designed to minimize energy consumption and promote a healthy indoor environment. The school's urban concept revolves around connecting the inner courtyard of the building with the surrounding community, fostering interaction and engagement. Additionally, the school takes a collaborative approach by involving residents of the nearby Josevaros residence in the learning methods of crafts. This inclusive approach not only

enhances the educational experience but also strengthens the bond between the school and the community, creating a vibrant and sustainable learning environment.

Functional program.

Educational Facilities: The project includes two masses of educational facilities, such as classrooms, laboratories, workshops, and administrative areas.

Gathering Terraces Bridge: A bridge connects the two masses of educational facilities and incorporates gathering terraces for informal interactions and collaboration.

Open Spaces: Courtyards, plazas, and green areas are integrated into the design, providing outdoor learning and socialization spaces.

Multi-View Classrooms: Innovative classrooms offer multiple views of the surrounding landscape, promoting a holistic learning experience.

Flexible Spaces: The design includes adaptable spaces that can be reconfigured for various educational activities such as lectures, workshops, and exhibitions. ground floor.

- manger room

- adminstrative offices

- adminstrative management offices

- entrance lobby

- cloakroom

- cctv

- patio gardens

- w.c

- teqnical rooms

- storage zone

- gallery hall

repeted floor (1st ,2nd).

- manger room

- adminstrative offices

- adminstrative management offices

- classrooms

- workshops

- shared terrace

- patio gardens

- w.c

- seminar

- storage zone

- class hall

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1 . Theprojectplotis situatedadJacent tobotha transportationpath anda pedestrian path. The key conceptbehind shaping theplotrevolves around establishingaseamless connection betweenthe externalandinternal spacesthroughapedestrianaxis.

2. In theformfinding process, careful consideration isgiven todetermine the optimalvolume requiredforthebuilding toeffectively accommodate the functionalprogram whileensuring seamless integration.

3. Anew public plaza willbeestablished in District 8, making use of theschool'scourtyard toprovideavibrantgatheringspaceforthecommunity.

'----similar projects

case study. Duringmyrecent visitto District 8, itbecameevident thatthe mu­

nicipality was putting tremendous effort intotransforming thearea intoa more appealing and vibrant place. Their focus was primarily on improvingthe quality oflife

for local residents while alsoattractingforeign investmentfornewprojects. Notably,

f therenovation of publicplazas stood outas aremarkableinitiative. Itwas in these rejuvenated spaces that Ifound inspirationformyproject, aimingtocreate abetter environment for connecting peoplefromdifferent walksoflife.The vision wastodevelopa plotthatwouldserve as ahub, fostering social interactions and inclusivity amongindividualsofdiversebackgrounds. Byemulatingthemunicipality'ssuccessfulrevitalizationefforts, I aimed tocontribute to the community's overallenhancement.

Road map. A roadmaphighlightstheprimary thoroughfares within J6zsefvaros and illustrates theirconnectivity totheproject site, showcasingthenetworkofroads and their links tofacilitatenavigation and transportation.

Green map.

Agreen map provides avisual representation ofthe distribution andproportion of vegetation in thedistrictof J6zsefvaros, displaying howgreenery isdispersedthroughoutthearea.

MassNoid map.

Amass/voidmapvisuallypresentsthedensitydistribution within J6zsefvaros, comparing ittothe green mapand showcasing theheights ofbuildingsin ordertohighlightthethoughtfulplanning andbalancebetweenbuilt-up areasandopen spacesin the district.

Solar study map. providesan analysisofthe solar potentialin J6zsefvaros, displaying thedistribution ofsunlight exposurein relation to the green map andindicating theheightsofbuildings.Thiscomprehensive analysis showcases how wellthedistricthas been planned in termsof maximizing solar access andintegrating sustainable energy solutions.

under construction residential building

pedestrain axis was dsigned to link the inner plaza of the site with outside pedestrair1 axis

A new public plaza is created � religous building ,� churche ' public services brulding residential building

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Environmentalcasestudy.The warmest month is August with average max annual temperature of 15° with peak reaching 30° . The coolest month is January with average max annual temperature of 60° The driest Month is October and the Wettest Month is June.The most humid month is January and the least humid month is April. 73.0% average humidity January is the most rainy days. October the least rain occur in and average rain days are 127 days July has the maximum hours ofthe sunlight. December is the lowest averagehours of sunlight

Budapest, Budapest, Hungary

47.434N, 19.154E Elevation: 115 m I Climate Class: Cfb I Years: 1990-2019

Data Source: CRUTimeSeries v4.05 https catalogue.ceda.ac.uk uuId c26a65020a5e4b80b20018[148556681

Eheating =A(qheating·elMlatingprima+Pheatlng ·ee1ee1r1cprima)[Wh/m2a)

E,,entllatlon =A· Pventilation·ee1ec1rcprimal [Wh/m2a)

Ehotwatcr =A· Pt>otwator • ehotw�tvrprlmal [Wh/m2aJ

Et ghting =A• Plighting·eeiectrcprima (Wh/m2a]

EN!newabte :shou d be estimatedbased ontheareaoftherenewablesystems:

-PVpanelsmayproduceabout360.000Whlm'ae1ectrieenergyinayear. -Soarcollectorsmayproduce590.000Whim'a80ef9>'inayearinHungary.

Theannualprimer,energy(Ep) demand of thebuilding can beforecasted usingthe following equation (please note that the annua lighting energy demand may be neglectedforresidentia buildings):

Ep =(Ehea ng+Ev,ntila�on+ Ehotwatvr+Eiighting-Ervnvwabe)/1000 [kWh/m2a]

Double facade layers.ETFE Fabric Type Ethylene-tetrafluoroethylene, also known as ETFE, offers designers a great solution to alternative options. ETFE facades integrate modern lightness, durability, design, and ecological values.

The main advantages of ETFE fabric facades: Less support material due to being lightweight -Flame retardant -Transparency similar to glass

Self cleaning - High-ranking acoustic properties - Architecturally dynamic for cost effective design in virtually any shape- Long service life - 100% recyclable - Cost less than traditional glass panels.

ETFE foil.is a chemically inert material. It resists all chemica agents combining surface tension and provides great resistance to all environmental pollution. The advantage of self-cleaning properties is that they do not weather or require cleaning other than general rainfall.

The excellent light transmission properties (>92%) and the low weight compared to glass panels (about 1%). allow to create lightweight architecturally dynamic structures and roofing systems. In addition, it is possible to achieve control of both sunlight transmission and effective insulation properties to meet codes when using PTFE in pressurized pillows.

https://facadescreen.corn/index.php/etfe-fabric/

first layer of the double skin facade made of curtain wall allONing to control the amount of air going inside the building

steel grid made out of small horzontal beams fixed in vertica curtain wall mulions, vertical cables to bend the ETFE sheets around it

ETFE sheets reflecting sun rays allowing on� sun light to go through fixed around tensiled steel cables

Renewable energy preliminary analysis. Solution 1 -PV panels.

PV panels are easily applicable to use for my building. It is easy to install and has great advantages in producing energy. My building is oriented to south, so access to solation is full. The diadvantage is only that it's pricy in the beginning, and adds weight to overalI structure.

The installation of Photo-Voltaic (PV) panels require the following considerations:

• PV panel size: 90 cm x 160 cm, thickness: 4 -6 cm, weight: 15 - 30 kg, • Generated electric power: 160 - 360 W/panel (0,16 - 0,36 kW/panel), • Preferred orientation is south (south-east, southwest), close to horizontal

And vertical installation positions may also be used, • If electric utility grid is not available close to the building site, the PV panel installation requires a battery cabinet for energy storage, • If electric utility grid is available on site the PV panel installation requires a converter from 12V or 24V Direct Current (DC) to 230V or 110V Alternating Current (AC), and a separate energy meter.

Renewable energy preliminary analysis. Solution 1 - Doubleskin facade.Energy efficiency-Improved thermal comfort -Noise reduction-Design flexibility-Increased sustainability

How it works:

Thermal insulation: The inner layer of the double skin facade is typically made of materials with high thermal insulation properties, such as insulated glass units or thermally efficient panels. This layer helps minimize heat transfer between the exterior and interior of the building.

Ventilation: The air cavity between the layers facilitates natural ventilation. Openings or vents at the top and bottom of the facade allow fresh air to enter the cavity, and warm air to escape, creating a stack effect. This promotes air circulation and heat dissipation.

Solar shading: The outer layer of the double skin facade can incorporate shading devices such as louvers, fins, or brise-soleil. These elements help block direct sunlight, reducing solar heat gain and preventing overheating.

Night cooling: During cooler nighttime temperatures, the double skin facade can be used for night flushing. By opening the vents in the cavity, cool air can be drawn in, absorbing the building's excess heat and providing thermal comfort for the following day.

Control systems: To optimize performance, automated control systems can be integrated into the passive cooling system. These systems monitor external weather conditions, internal temperatures, and occupancy levels to adjust the ventilation and shading accordingly.

The Components of Concrete Framed Structures

1. Foundation

Themainfunction ofthefoundation istosupport thestructureand transfertheload carried bythecolumnsandbeamsaboveit tothesolidbase.

Thefoundation formsaflatand solid surfaceforthe structure. On which the structure ofthebuildingiserected.

2. Column

Columns are used tosupportbeamsorarchesin aframe structure. Theload onthe columncomesfrom the upper part ofthe walls orceiling.

Thecolumn canbedesigned toresistexternalforces as pertherequirementlikewind or seismicengineering.

3. Shear wall

Instructuralengineering, the shearwallisdesignedtowithstandanearthquakeforce, which acts asaverticalmember. Shear wall isused as a structuralelementin high risebuildings. Shearwalls areknown aslongcolumnsin tallbuildings.The shear wall lookslike a wall.Theyresist externalloadssuchaswind and earthquakeloads.

4. Beam

Beams arevarious horizontal load-bearing members in aframed structure. Thefunction of thebeamcarries theload of the slab andthe direct load of the masonry walls and their self-weight

In a concreteframe, some beams aresupported on otherbeams.The beam can be supported on thecolumn toforman integral part of theframe.The beamhas mainlyflexural membersin theconcreteframe.Theyare divided intotwotypes accordingtothe function.

5. Slab

Concrete slabs area commonstructuralelement ofmodem buildings. Theslab is aflat, horizontalsurfacemade of castconcrete. Is. Steel-reinforced slabs usuallyhave a thicknessof100 to150 mm. Mostlyslab is used to buildfloorsand ceilings. In some domesticand industrialbuildings, thickconcrete slabs areused to makethebasefloorsurface.

Cast-in-situ slabsare used in avarietyofhigh-risebuildingsand large shopping centersaswell as homes.

urb/bme Ahmad Aldebsi BUDAPEST UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY AND ECONOMICS NEO

Requirementsforthemainstructuralgroups:

ForExteriorFacade:

Sinceourexteriorfacadeithassheardteracewith corridoronalloverofit(notheatedterace), weneedtofixthermalbridgeinthe connectionbetweenslaband canteliverusingSchockElement

ForinteriorFacade: � EPSThermalinsulation �). layerwith 15cmthicknes.

staircase:

25mmacousticlayer.

Structuralloading

-Thebuildingmustbearhorizontaland verticalloads.Adesignliveloadwascalculated forthepotentialsnowloadontheuppermostslab. Also, astheroofisaccessible, liveloadisalsotaken .,,,., intoconsideration-Fortheintermediateslabs, ,,,-:::;· liveloadsarealsoconsidered.

-Shearwallsaredesignedtobearthewindloads.Skeletonframestructure ./� �/ s�

twowayslab,25cmmon.RC25/30Slabisused.BEAMS ,,,,,,,, 40x50cmRectangularRCBeamsareused. / /4 RCshearwallscarryearthquakeloadsdowntothefoundation.,,,,/" Theyprovidelargestrengthandstiffnesstobuildings ,.,../ inthedirectionoftheirorientation. _,,.,-:,;

COLUMNS

30x30cmRectangularRCColumns.

Load transfering model in 3D.Slabs of all floorsare one-way slabs and two- way slabs. They consistof R.C flatslab, which issupported bygirders. The slab

takesthe vertical loadsand transfer them to the beams ehich are situated in cross-direction of the building.

therefore the columns transfares the loads into the soil throught the foundation

The most important points we need to make (how the project can succeed).

The main participants and their tasks are:

a- Client:

Clients either identify user potential or create the need for the facilities and raise the necessary financial resources for their creation. They initiate the construction process by commissioning various construction professionals to build to specific requirements.

During the design and construction phases, the client directly or indirectly monitors progress, time, cost, and quality objectives and sanctions any necessary major variations to the design. Finally, on completion, it is the client who either disposes of the product at the marketplace or takes occupation and bears the repairs and maintenance cost of his/her investment. In my project's case, the client is a private investor.

b- Project manager/Quality Surveyor

Quality surveying is performed by a firm hired by the client. They follow up on the prOJect in both phases of planning and construction. They are responsible for controlling the plans and the construction work, they also are expected to propose alternatives to the plan for the client in case of technical or construction difficulties.

Among their tasks:

- Control the plans according to the standards and the legal prescription.

- Control the assignment of the building

- Control the construction process to ensure the quality of hidden structures and used materials.

c- Investor:

- Ensure the financial resources

- Make the final decisions regarding accepting decisions

d- Authorities:

- Ensure the legal environment

- Tasks and duties

- Provide building permit

- Provide permission to use

- Give consent for the plans

e- Architect

Traditionally, the design function in the construction process is the responsibility of an architect who is a professionally qualified person whose role is to interpret the client's proJect requirements into a specific design or scheme. Design is taken to include appearance composition, proportion, structure, function, and economy of product, but in addition, the architect performs the function of obtaining planning permission for the scheme. Many times the architect supervises and organizes the entire construction process, starting with consulting with the client and ending with commissioning.

As an established practice, the architect plays the leading role in the construction process. He or she collects, coordinates, controls, and disseminates project information to all project participants.

f- Contractors

- Prepare and organize the construction process according to the contract

- Take part in the tendering process

- Communication between clients and sub contractors

- Excute the building construction according to standards

- Cooperate and communicate with the designer team.

g- Structural Engineer

The structural engineer acts as an advisor to the architect on all structural problems such as stability of the structure, suitability of materials proposed, structural feasibility of the proposed design, and sizes of structural members for a construction project. Normally, the structural design engineer submits his/her various structural calculations to the area local authority for approval at the same time as the architect submits his/her drawings for building regulations approval. In addition, the structural engineer performs structural design and supervises his or her specialist area of the construction project during production on site.

h- Services Engineer

Like the structural engineer, the services engineers (plumbing, electrical, heating and ventilating, air conditioning, sanitation, lifts and escalators, etc) contribute to the building design process to ensure that thermal and visual comfort are achieved effectively. For this reason, they analyze the client's requirements and priorities and advise the architect on the most appropriate design solution.

i- Users

The final user of the project will be the inhabitants of the project for this residential co-housing project. and the shop owners of the commercial level. In additioin users of the parking from the neighborhood

Participants and their tasks diagram

urb/bme

Arct1itect Faculty ofArchitecture Project Ahmad Aldebsi BUDAPEST UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY AND ECONOMICS NEO

Name

Settingupthesite

Stippingtopsoil,cleaningvegetation

Conslructionofrnncretepilefoumfation

hrs!slepof.Excavationfordeaningthesite

ConslrnctionoftheConcretepiles

secondstepofexcavationforsitecleaning

Gravelbackfill&reinforcedscreed

Pvcwatetproofinglaying

Constructionofthefoundationslab

Constructing skeletoncolumnsandwall(Basementfloor)

Striking formworkofcolumns andwall(13ascmcnl lloor)

PrepmingRe slab (Fromwork, reinforecement, concrete)

Striking slabfonn,vork( Horizontal elements)

PreparingRe staircase(nascmcntfloor)

Striking stairformwork(11ascmcnt floor)

Constructionofwallsandcolumnsreinforcement(Groundfloor)

Conslrnctionofwc1llsandcolumnsformwork(GroundOoor)

Concreteworksforwallsam! colums(Groundiloor)

Remov:iloffonn\vorksofthewalls&columns(GrotmdOoor)

frameworkofthestairs(Groundfloor)

Reinforcementofthestrairs(Groundfloor)

Concreteworksofstairs(Groundfloor)

lnsh1llationoftheformworkfortheslab(FirslOoor)

Reinforcementoftheslab(.FirstOoor)

Concreteworksoftheslab(Firstfloor)

Constructionofwalls&columnsreinforcements(Firstfloor)

Constmctionofwalls&columnsformwork(Firstfloor)

Concreteworksforlhcwalls&columns(Firstlloor)

Removalofformworkoflhewall(hrstlloor)

frameworkofthestc1irs(hrstlloor)

Reinforcementofthestairs(Firstfloor)

Concreteworksforthestair(Firstfloor)

Tnstallationoftheformworkfortheslab(Secondfloor)

Reinforcementoftheslab(Secondlloor)

Concreteworksforlhcslab(Secondfloor)

Const:rnctionofwalls&cohum1sreinforcement(Secondfloor)

Const:rnctionofwalls&colmm1sformwork(Secondfloor)

Concreteworksforthe,valls&columns(Secondfloor)

Concreteworksforthewalls&columns(Secondfloor)

Fonnworkofthestairs(Secondfloor)

Reinforcementofthestairs(Secondfloor)

Concreteworksfortheslilirs(Secondfloor)

lnstallationoftheformworkfortheslab(lbirdlloor)

Reinforcementoftheslab('lbirdlloor)

Name

Concreteworksfor theslab(Thirdfloor)

Construclionofwalls& columnsreinrorcement (Thirdnoor)

ConstrucLionofwalls& columnsfonnwork (Thirdnoor)

Concreteworksforthe,valls& columns(Thirdfloor)

RemovalorfonnworksofLhc walls& columns(Thirdnoor)

Fonnworkofthestairs(Thirdfloor)

Reinforcement ofthestairs(Thirdfloor)

Concrete worksforthestair(Thirdfloor)

lnsLallationofthefonnwork for theslab(Rool)

Reinforcmentoftheslab(Rool)

Rcinstallationoftheform,vorkofslab(Roof)

Installationorfacadeclements(Firstnoor-Fourthnoor)

Roofinsulationworks

Rooffinishingworks

Tnteriorfinishingofthewallsforallfloors

Interiorfinishingorthewallsforallnoors

Installationofpartitionwallsforallnoors

Interiorfinishingoftheflooringforallfloors

Ventilationequipment

Electricalequipment

Furnishingthe bathroomsandKitchens

FurnishingthePublicareasonthegroundnoor

Furnishingtheclassrooms

Placementofplantsonterraces

Ratinginstallation(Firstfloor- third floor)

Correcting faults

Cleaning

Handover

1

4mmbitumenmembrane waterproofing 4mm,

1layercoldbitumenpatching compound

25cmR.Cslab

40cmmechanicalgap 5mm false ciliengpanels

Layer arrangement through building

Bathroom slab

1cmceramictile

1cmAdhesive

waterproofing Lyr

4cmScreed

5cmSubconcretereinforced

Technologicalfoil

3cm Mineralwoolfloating Lyr

5cmEPS foam Lyrforinstallation

25 RCSlab

0.5cm Plaster

Walkable roof

50 cm vegetation

6cm drainage and water

storage layer

10 cmEPS

4 mm bitumenmembrane

waterproofing

4 mm, glass fibrereinforced

SBS

1 layer cold bitumen patching

compound

25cm R.C slab

40cm mechanicalgap

5mm false cilieng panels

Terrace slab

4cm granite stone finishing

4 cm stonechipping and drainagelayer

2mm synthetic filter layer

15cmEPS water insulation

1 layers fibre reinforced

SBS

25cm R.C slab

2mm plaster finishing layer

loadbearing wall

20cm RCwall

15cmmineralwool

aquestic insulation

2mmplaster

finishinglayer

lntermideate slab

2 mm p.v.c

7 cm concrete

1mm.I foil

15cm mineral.woolaquestic

2.5cmEPS

1 mm water proofing

1 mm bitominussheet

25cm R.C slab

40cmmechanical gap horizontal section in foundation

2 mmp.v.c

20cm R.Cwall

15cmEPS

10cm R.Cwall

3cm air gap

neigbour wall

Ground floor

2 mm p.v.c

7 cm concrete

1mm.I foil

15cm mineral.woolaquestic

2.5 cmEPS

1 mm water proofing

1 mm bitominussheet

25cm r.c slab

Courtyard slab

50cmVegetationandplanting

1 lyr thermalinsulationdrainboard

15cm polystyrene foam thermal insulation

1+1lyr 4mmpolyester fiber reinforced SBS

1 lyr Cold bitumen

10-cm Concrete inclination layer

25cm RC slab construction

Stair Flight

3cm Limestone Covering

1,5cm Mortar bed

20cm RC stair flight

Landing slab

3cm Limestone Covering

1,5cm Mortar bed

6,5cm Concrete screed

1 lyr PE Foil

2,5cm Mineral wool (floating layer)

25cm RC slab construction