SADC Agribusiness Magazine January-February Issue 2018

SADC AGRIBUSINESS

Magazine

003054 697959

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Case IH receives Good DesignÂŽ Award pg20

Missoil Inspires Farmers.

Pg6

January-February 2018

Yamaha Motors Invest US$ 200,000 in Zambia. Pg12

Volume #2

Issue #1

Sprayers and Spray Application Techniques. Pg31

www.agribusiness-sadc.com

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CONTENTS PAGE 5 Zambia to Record Poor Harvest – Lungu

PAGE 22 Evans Vanodine Specialising in the manufacture of farm disinfectants...

PAGE 6 Missoil Inspires Farmers

PAGE 24 ARC shows positive trial results relating to drought and the irrigation of cash crops using...

PAGE 14 Walking Tractor: Farmers Handy Rudder

PAGE 28 Greenhouses equipped with magenta-colored glazing panels generate electricity...

SADC AGRIBUSINESS

Magazine

Jan Feb 2018

From the Editor st

Gree ngs and a warm welcome to our 1 and exci ng issue of the SADC Agribusiness Magazine

Editor Nkosi M editor@agribusiness-sadc.com

The magazine also analyses sectorial issues involving biotechnology, farm mechanisa on, poultry, crop protec on, hor culture, animal h u s b a n d r y, l i v e st o c k , fo o d p ro c e s s i n g , agribusiness, research and extension, high-tech agriculture and a host of specialized agricultural products.

Editorial Correspondent Derrick Silimina derricksilimina@gmail.com Sales Melusi Tshabalala melusi@agribusiness-sadc.com Accounts & Admin Sheila T. admin@agribusiness-sadc.com

We couldn't be more excited to bring our magazine to agriculture investors, analysts, entrepreneurs and the media. The main purpose of our magazine is to highlight and provide news updates and analysis of topical issues aec ng large scale farming to small holder farmers, agriprenuers, investors' community leaders, Agric ministries, who believe in the strong role of agriculture in economic development and poverty allevia on.

Design and layout TjMTK Designs info@tjmtk.co.za Address 274 New York Street Randburg 2188 South Africa info@agribusiness-sadc.com Twitter: @Agrbiz_SADC

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On the cover: Case IH www.caseih.com

SADC is on the move; our region's economy is growing. Governments and businesses are looking at the future with op mism. The SADC Community has set its vision, a view of what SADC may look like and may achieve in the years to come. How can that vision be turned into reality?

How can the Agricultures Market help in growing the region's economy? How can we through agriculture contribute to our world while ensuring food security?

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Published by

We appreciate your support and are so happy to have you as a reader of SADC Agribusiness Magazine.

With warmest thanks, Editor

+27 78 403 9254 info@altramic-marketing.co.za www.altramic-marketing.co.za

Nkosi M.

Zambia to Record Poor Harvest – Lungu

SADC Farmer

President Edgar Lungu has of Agriculture to give us an reserves, we are comfortable observed that Zambia is likely indication, we are worried but it depends on how we

President Edgar Lungu

to record a poor harvest this yes, but she said it is a bit too manage the utilisation of that year. early to give us a forecast but maize which is in stock,” he

maize field recently

Speaking recently when he addressed supporters at the Zambia Air Force Samora

inspects a moisture stressed

from a lay man's perspective, added. w e m i g h t h a v e a p o o r President Lungu says he was

harvest,” he said.

on a countrywide fact finding

Machel base in Mbala while Asked if government had put mission to ensure the people on a countrywide fact finding out measures in place to entrusted with jobs were mission, the Head of State ensure food security, the working. said Zambia is likely to have a Head of State said it depends He further says he did not want poor harvest but the country on how the FRA controls to see people earning money

can pull through if the Food maize which is in stock.

Reserve Agency manages the maize in stock well.

“We have taken stock of what we have in terms of FRA

without working.

by Derrick Silimina

“We were asking the Minister SADC AGRIBUSINESS

Magazine

05

06 SADC Farmer

Missoil Inspires Farmers

Misozi Kadewele is founder N e v e r t h e l e s s ,

t h e eastern hub of Zambia.

monitor people on the

and co-owner of Missoil e s t a b l i s h m e n t o f M i s s o i l

ground, we have to send a

Company limited situated in Company in the district has Missoil Investment

truck when it is buying time

Mfuwe district, in Eastern boosted residents' aspiration With over 1,200 sunflower making it an expensive province of Zambia.

to engage in full time farming farmers who are currently on project to embark on,” She because the main aim of the Missoil programme, the growth said.

Geographically, Mfuwe is the oil industry is to empower of the oil industry in the country Thanks to her joint business main settlement of the South farmers, which is intended to has just began.

L u a n g w a N a t i o n a l P a r k create a market for them.

partner in Missoil company

Ms. Kadewele told this reporter who saw the need to invest

which serves as the tourism “As a company, when we that she and her business in the firm and it now has i n d u s t r y a n d w i l d l i f e were planning to open an oil partner from Denmark have proved to be a force to conservation in the Luangwa industry in the area, we invested a colossal amount of reckon with in cooking oil valley. It is located about 100 thought of Mfuwe because money in the oil company production. km (62 mi) west-north-west of that is where I come from and since its establishment 3 years “I was lucky that when my Chipata District.

I saw the need of it. Our main ago.

partner came to visit in

Mfuwe has an airport with a aim was to create a market “…It's quite a very big amount Mfuwe, he saw the need of 2.15 km (1.34 mi) surfaced for the farmers and also we especially when it comes to the factory there. So when runway capable of taking are running a business that investing in the edible oil we sat down, we came up regional international flights.

we can also supply oil that industry. In the three areas that with a business plan we were

Economically, tourism is the can run the company,” Ms. we are currently operating able to sustain this business major activity in the area and Kadewele stated.

from, you would find that each because he invested and

is the key sector that creates Missoil Company limited is an farmer might have a hectare am happy that it worked employment among the upcoming producer of edible which takes them 5 kilos of the very well,” Ms. Kadewele local residents.

SADC AGRIBUSINESS

Magazine

oil from sunflower crop in the sunflower seed and for us to noted.

SADC Farmer

Missoil Inspires Farmers “I looked at Mfuwe as an now since the season has area which is a valley but is s t a r t e d , w e s e n d o u r very fertile and we engaged e x t e n s i o n o f f i c e r s a n d local sunflower farmers to contact farmers to go to the start growing the crop as it villages and sensitize them on does not need a lot of the benefits to grow with chemicals and is easy to Missoil Company. After they grow and maintain. So, register with us, we give them based on those facts, we the seed. For instance last decided fine if we do this we year, we procured sunflower a r e g o i n g t o h a v e a seed at K130 per packet and company and we are going we give farmers at the same to make money and also p r i c e , ” M s . K a d e w e l e help the community.”

explained.

Farmers Empowerment

“So, when they harvest

In its passion to grow the oil depending on how much we industry in the country and buy per kilogram like this year help empower sunflower we were buying at K2 per farmers in the district, Missoil kilogram and then we deduct C o m p a n y h a s s i n c e from the loan. We don't make designed a viable scheme a profit on the seed given to whose aim is to protect them but our main aim is for farmers' interest.

us to have raw materials and

With the onset of the planting also for us to help them season, the oil firm provides a because at that time when loan to the farmers in form of farming season starts, most i n p u t s t o e n a b l e t h e m farmers don't have money cultivate the sunflower crop even to purchase anything at on time.

that time so we help and provide a market for them.”

“What we normally do like

Missoil Company Ltd proprietor Misozi Kadewele in Mfuwe district

by Derrick Silimina

Farmers in the field in Mfuwe district SADC AGRIBUSINESS

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08 SADC Farmer

Chicol Unveils Natural Fertiliser

Chicol Estates Limited, a processing mechanism in a b r i e f i n g r e c e n t l y , C h i c o l l e a d i n g e g g p r o d u c i n g bid to guarantee its value to Estates Chief Executive Officer company based in Lusaka, t h e f a r m e r s . T h i s s i m p l e (CEO) Aaron Chungu pointed Zambia has officially unveiled technique includes a process out that Chicola Natural the Chicola Natural Fertilisers whereby the chicken manure Organic fertiliser is about

following (8) eight years of goes through pressing at a getting what is looked at as successful positive trials. temperature of about 70-80 waste and transforming it into Chicola Natural Fertiliser is d e g r e e s C e l s i u s , t o k i l l something useful to assist in pelleted natural manure with pathogenic materials that advancing productivity in the no chemical supplements are part of the manure to agriculture sector. and is made from 100% pure make it easier to handle, and composited chicken t o r e d u c e t h e s m e l l In his unwavering passion of droppings. associated with chicken demystifying the knacks of The Fertiliser is produced through a capsules

SADC AGRIBUSINESS

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manure.

farming, Mr. Aaron Chungu coined a slogan that was fit for

Speaking during a media this occasion, 'going back to

Chicol Estates Ltd CEO Aaron Chungu during the unveiling ceremony of the Chicola Natural Fer liser in Lusaka

SADC Farmer

Chicol Unveils Natural Fer liser basics'. 'Going back to the Zambia (UNZA), which has vegetables and lawns have considered environmentally basics' slogan captures the shown that Chicola Natural been a huge success. Just last friendly as it is without the soil e s s e n c e t h a t c h i c k e n Fertiliser is a reliable and y e a r , w e p r o d u c e d 3 0 a c i d i f i c a t i o n c h e m i c a l m a n u r e h a s s i n c e t i m e effective product in boosting hectares of maize crop on two components that may be immemorial been used in crop yields. The good part different fields to see how harmful to the soil, animals, many garden fields in Zambia about this brand is that it is effective it was and the results and humans. as a natural effective crop natural, with no chemicals were quite positive,” he said.

Every once in a while, Nature

yield supplement, and Chicol added. We are promoting a

Estates is only repackaging concept of going back to the He reiterates that Chicola has a way of correcting itself, a n a g e - o l d t r a d i t i o n a l basic in terms of fertiliser Natural Fertiliser is pure, natural but half the time it needs the farming input into a well usage. We now want to focus compacted poultry manure inordinate push, and that is packaged safe cleaner on production of natural with no chemical supplements perhaps the function that product.

manure at a large scale and and has several benefits that this fertiliser will bring to the this will, in turn, help poultry improve soil structure, fertility, Zambian landscapes. Like a

Mr. Chungu further stated farmers realise that chicken and water retention capacity l i ttl e- k now n p oet onc e t h a t t h e o v e r w h e l m i n g droppings can be used to prevents acidification of soil, wrote, “Our England is a response from farmers has effectively grow crops, keep rich in micronutrients and garden that is full of stately been encouraging hence up nice lawns and ensure t r a c e e l e m e n t s t h a t a r e views, of borders, beds and the need to commercialise that the environment is essential for healthy plants, shrubberies and lawns and the production of natural sustained” Mr. Chungu said.

development,

fertiliser so that they were

production. Other benefits terraces and peacocks

able to satisfy the growing domestic market demand.

a n d avenues, with statues on the

“We started processing this i n c l u d e ; s l o w r e l e a s e o f strutting by; But the Glory of fertiliser about 9 years ago on nutrients which improves the Garden lies in more than a small scale and we started yields, its cost-effectiveness meets the eye". That is

“I am proud to announce c a r r y i n g o u t t e s t s t o relative to synthetic fertilisers.

perhaps the best analogy to

that the positive results from d e m o n s t r a t e

summarise the unveiling of

t h e

tests on Chicola Natural effectiveness of the fertiliser. Chicola Natural Fertiliser is Chicola Natural Organic F e r t i l i s e r w h i c h w e r e We tested on various plants packaged in various sizes of Fertiliser a few weeks ago. conducted in the last 8 years including trees, lawns, and Five, Ten, Twenty and Fiftywith the support of Zambia vegetables. What was even kilogram bags, to account for By Agriculture Research Institute more satisfying was that the the needs of various customer Derrick Silimina (ZARI) and the University of trials on soya beans, maize, g r o u p s . T h e p r o d u c t i s

SADC AGRIBUSINESS

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10 SADC Farmer

SAFE Elevates Farmers

Food processing is a f o o d

s o l u t i o n s

i s SAFE regional director

significant driver of local spearheading a joint public- Jonathan Thomas said in an economies, creating supplier private partnership with interview that his organization linkages for millions of small- TechnoServe, Partners in Food is looking forward to support

Pineapple processing industrial unit

scale farmers and helps Solutions and the United small and medium enterprises elevate rural incomes in the S t a t e s country.

As

population

Agency

f o r that are in a growth phase elevate rural incomes across International Development and producing nutritious East and Southern Africa.

a n d (USAID) whose aim is to foods.

He said, “SAFE does provide urbanization rates rapidly increase the competitiveness “We are looking for small and direct support, improving increase in Zambia, many o f t h e A f r i c a n f o o d medium enterprises that are in ecology of the product,

people continue to face p r o c e s s i n g s e c t o r a n d t h e g r o w t h p h a s e a n d operational efficiencies, and expand the availability of producing nutritious foods and marketing among others.”

food insecurity.

H o w e v e r , s m a l l a n d affordable and nutritious s p e c i f i c a l l y f o c u s i n g o n He further notes that SAFE emerging local processors foods. n u t r i t i o u s p r o d u c t s , ” M r . with financial aid courtesy of

often have difficulties to Since its launch in 2012 in Thomas said.

USAID and in partnership produce quality, affordable Kenya, Malawi and Zambia I n a d d i t i o n , M r . T h o m a s with TechnoServe, PFS, local and nutritious products due with a boost of $6.4 million expressed confidence that government and the Bureau

to a lack of technical and grant from USAID and an after having worked in Zambia of Standards will undertake business knowledge and additional $ 4.1 million, SAFE for 5 years and 120 processors a f i v e - y e a r t r a i n i n g investment. has benefited more than in the region, his organization is programme to local food

The Solutions for African Food 1,000 food processors, who k e e n t o c r e a t e s u p p l i e r p r o c e s s o r s i n a b i d t o E n t e r p r i s e s ( S A F E ) , a n s o u r c e f r o m m o r e t h a n linkages for millions of small- improve the quality of their scale farmers and helping production. organization well vested in 800,000smallholer farmers.

SADC AGRIBUSINESS

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SADC Farmer

SAFE Elevates Farmers “The total budget from USAID funding.

Agriculture, it is anticipated budgeting and planning, as

is US$ 10 million for five He observes that high interest that by 2030, Africa's food well as increased access to countries and over 5 years rates and difficulties for small processing industry holds huge inputs, news markets and which is between one and and medium enterprises potential for growth.

finance, growing processors

two million dollars in Zambia,� access loans to invest in the It is therefore envisaged that can play a significant role in he said.

expansion of their businesses once equipped with the providing for the region's

Meanwhile, Mr. Thomas states among others have been technical and business skills in food needs. t h a t Z a m b i a ' s p o l i c y notable challenges in the f o o d p r o c e s s i n g b e s t By Derrick Silimina f r a m e w o r k r e g a r d i n g sector.

practices,

such

as

nutrition is positive despite his According to the United manufacturing, food safety, organization's lack of States Department of packaging, marketing,

Dressed chicken processing plant

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11

12 SADC Farmer

Yamaha Motors Invest US$200,000

A Japanese firm, Yamaha company wants to continue policy to buy some of the Motors Company Limited has working with government p a r t s i n Z a m b i a f o r t h e embarked on projects to and other stakeholders in installation of the mini-water provide access to clean o r d e r t o r o l l o u t t h e purification plants as a way of

Zambia.

She says the project is a huge milestone because the

provision of clean water has community water project to e m p o w e r i n g l o c a l been a challenge especially Yamaha Motors has so far many rural parts of Zambia. entrepreneurs. in the rural parts of Zambia. installed one solar powered He said this in Tokyo, when he He has however disclosed Mrs. Mutiti encouraged mini-water purification plant a n d h i s t e a m b r i e f e d that his company urged the Yamaha to quickly expand u s i n g b i o - f i l t r a t i o n Zambia's Ambassador to community in Mangango to their project to most parts of water in rural parts of Zambia.

mechanism in Mangango Japan, H.E Mrs. Ndiyoi Mutiti charge a minimal fee for the a r e a i n K a o m a D i s t r i c t , on the project. access of the purified water.

Western Province at a cost of Mr. Nishijima says according “We told them to be charging over 200, 000 US dollars. to his company's assessment a small amount in order to T h e p r o j e c t i s b e i n g the project can easily be maintain and sustain the implemented in conjunction e x t e n d e d t o d i s t r i c t s i n project while creating a sense with Village Water Zambia Western, Luapula, Lusaka, of ownership among the will provide over 8,000 liters of S o u t h e r n a n d E a s t e r n public,” said Mr. Nishijima. clean and purified water to provinces.

He thanked the Zambian

Zambia so that many people can begin to access clean water.

She says she will engage relevant ministries to identify areas where the subsequent project

should

be

implemented as soon as possible.

the people in the area.

“Our interest is not only to Embassy in Japan for being This is according to a media Yamaha Motors Company extend the project in Zambia instrumental in initiating and statement issued by First Limited, Clean Water Project b u t t o a l s o t r a n s f e r supporting the success of the Secretary – Press at the Group Manager, Ryosuke knowledge and skills to project.

Zambian Embassy in Japan, Nishijima, says the initial Zambians in the provision of And Mrs. Mutiti thanked the Yotamu Mugara. project in Mangango is in clean and purified water to Japanese government for operation to the benefit of all,” he said. supporting the mini-water By Derrick Silimina many people in the area.

M r . N i s h i j i m a s a y s h i s purification project through M r . N i s h i j i m a s a y s h i s company has a deliberate the Japanese Embassy in SADC AGRIBUSINESS

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SADC Farmer

USAID Invest US$6.3 Million

The United States Agency for agricultural production and manage aflatoxin (a fungal helping smallholder farmers' International Development incomes.

(USAID) has set aside US$ 6.3 Million towards food processing investments in the country.

In an interview, Jay Daniliuk – a senior official from USAID

toxin that contaminates crops) access new technologies to in maize and groundnuts improve their yields by (peanuts).

said there is need for the F e e d

the

supporting commercial Future

is

agro-dealer networks.

country to focus on health strengthening entire value This includes linking a greater

In Zambia, through the Feed d i e t s t h r o u g h s e n s i t i v e c h a i n s b y c o n n e c t i n g n u m b e r o f s m a l l - s c a l e the Future initiative, USAID interventions which includes smallholders with input and f a r m e r s t o b u y e r s a n d tackles rural poverty and nutrition among others.

output markets and building processors and other key

malnutrition with activities

the technical and business private sector partners and

that address policy issues, promote access to markets, and assist smallholder farmers to diversify and increase

Feed the Future is helping develop and scale vitamin Arich and drought-tolerant maize varieties. The initiative is also teaching farmers to

skills of farmers, agri-suppliers, helping these farmers meet and farmers associations so market demand for quantity t h e y c a n o p e r a t e m o r e and quality. profitably. The initiative is also

By Derrick Silimina

by Derrick Silimina

SADC AGRIBUSINESS

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13

14 SADC Farmer

Walking Tractor: Farmers Handy Rudder

The dawn of agricultural c o m p a n i e s r e c e n t l y six litres of diesel to till one acre. inputs and outputs of up to technology has simplified introduced a cheap hand- Based on the current cost of half a tonne when attached farming thereby saving small- pushed multipurpose tractor, K74 per litre of diesel, a farmer to a trolley. It can also pump scale farmers in terms of which may save small-scale will require less fuel to till one water as well as drive a chaff tillage costs.

farmers per acre in terms of acre,” Bosire said.

A number of agricultural tillage costs.

To carry out the various chores, research institutes have Ronald Bosire of ATDC said in the tractor is versatile multii n t r o d u c e d s i m p l e b u t an interview that the 'walking purpose paraphernalia and advanced multi-purpose tractor', whose cost may be has attachment areas on

cutter, among other jobs that require power,” he said.

In comparison with the cost of local bulls used in tilling land, a walking tractor

farm equipment that are equivalent to three bulls, which varied machines can comes in handy and is cost able to help small scale requires minimum skills to be mounted and dismounted effective as the rearing of farmers increase their crop operate and can be used in according to need, Bosire said. bulls may require more cash, yield. various farm tasks.

“The tractor seeks to solve especially if the bulls are for A g r i c u l t u r e T e c h n o l o g y “The walking tractor is a 10 challenges facing small-scale land preparation only.

Development Centre (ATDC), h o r s e p o w e r m a c h i n e . I t farmers who cannot afford big Bulls will also require more one of the leading agro consumes between five and machines. It can pull farm t h a n o n e p e r s o n w h i l e SADC AGRIBUSINESS

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SADC Farmer

Walking Tractor: Farmers Handy Rudder working while a walking used to engage the various a total of K71.6 billion 2018 t o o l s t h a t a r e t i m e tractor does require only one gears in respect to need.

National Budget under the consuming, laborious and

person to operate it. A big Finance minister Felix Mutati theme: “Accelerating Fiscal inefficient. used farm tractor in Zambia r e c e n t l y h i n t e d t h a t Fitness for Sustained Inclusive that is in good condition costs government is facilitating a G r o w t h w i t h o u t L e a v i n g It is therefore, envisaged that more than K2 million as US$100 million public private Anyone Behind,� Mr Mutati i n c r e a s i n g a g r i c u l t u r a l compared to the mini tractor. sector investment into a s a i d t h e i n v e s t m e n t w i l l p r o d u c t i v i t y t h r o u g h Besides the two metallic t r a c t o r a n d a g r i c u l t u r a l transform agriculture and raise t e c h n o l o g i c a l l o c o m o t i o n w h e e l s , t h e equipment assembly plant in farmer productivity as well as advancement is key to scale tractor has another rubber the Lusaka South Multi- realising diversification within up food security in the pair for terrains that do not Facility Economic Zone and the sector. require strong ground grip.

country.

the plant will be operational

The machine has two parallel by end of 2018.

This is a welcome move By Derrick Silimina

bars with a handle used for

because many farmers in

direction. It also has stick shifts Speaking when he presented Zambia still depend on hand

SADC AGRIBUSINESS

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15

16 SADC Farmer

Agritech Expo Zambia wins third prestigious AAXO ROAR Trade & Consumer Exhibition Award

The iconic farming expo in Chisamba, Agritech Expo Zambia, won its third AAXO ROAR* Award in Johannesburg earlier this month. The ROAR* Awards honoured excellence in the exhibition and events industry on the continent during 2017. The awards are organised by the Association of African Exhibition Organisers (AAXO).

The expo has an outreach programme at the local Golden Valley Basic School in Chisamba, where, with the assistance of numerous event sponsors, it is assisting the school with much needed infrastructure upgrades, equipment supplies and management of the school's farm.

Driving agribusiness “It is a great honour to have received this AAXO ROAR *ROAR = Respect, Opportunities, Achievement, award for the second consecutive year” says Recognition Yolanda dos Santos, event manager. “The success of For the second year in a Agritech Expo Zambia would row, Agritech Expo Zambia not have been possible won the ROAR award for without its passionate team Best Africa Bound Trade & and committed partners Consumer Exhibition in the that come together to 12000+ sqm category. Last year the event received two deliver a platform that not only drives agribusiness but accolades: also for Best Trade & Consumer Exhibition helps the progress to ensure food security whilst serving 12000+ sqm and for as an educational tool for Distinction in Social sustainable development for Responsibility.

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Zambia and the SADC region.“ The fifth edition of Agritech Expo Zambia returns to GART in Chisamba again from 1214 April and is expected to gather more than 22 000 visitors, over 270 local and international exhibitors with 3500 VIP and large scale farmers and 150 members of the media.

The event is free to attend for all visitors that pre-register.

Agritech Expo Zambia is owned by the Zambia National Farmers Union (ZNFU) and is organised by Spintelligent, leading Cape Town-based trade exhibition and conference organiser, and the African office of Clarion Events Ltd, based in the UK. Another well-known agri event by Spintelligent is Farm-Tech Expo Kenya.

Agritech Expo Zambia 2018: Farmers Preview Day: Thursday 12 April 2018 | 09:00 - 17:00 Open to all agricultural professionals: Friday 13 April 2018 | 09:00 - 17:00 Saturday 14 April 2018 | 09:00 - 15:00 Location: Gart Research Centre, Chisamba, Zambia Website: http://www.agritechexpo.com Twitter: https://twitter.com/Agritech _Expo Facebook: https://www.facebook.com /agritechexpozambia/ LinkedIN: https://www.linkedin.com/g roups/7477169

“Farming platform drives agribusiness and food security”

Products/Services

Control your own value chain

Within Agriculture, the only move on. way to move from a price However if we pause for a taker (which is what 70% of seconds and ask some other farmers are) to a price maker questions like, can it be

taking proper control with b i o l o g i c a l d i v e r s i t y , H o l i s t i c M a n a g e m e n t increasing soil carbon, and p r a c t i c e s a n d t h e addressing problems such as

implementation of holistic is to control the whole value achieved step by step, and solutions to accelerate the chain, however it is much how can I get unfavourable needed shifts in decision easier said than done. The circumstances to play in my m a k i n g a n d r e s o u r c e moment those words are favour, and can I have management. uttered a thousand and one control over a link in the chain T h e S a v o r y I n s t i t u t e

questions jump to mind. How without having to do all the coordinates and supports will I ever achieve that, what w o r k a n d h a v e a l l t h e c o m p r e h e n s i v e s o c i a l , do I need to do to start? What responsibilities? Then maybe ecological, and financial does it mean to control the t h e a n s w e r m i g h t l o o k monitoring and relevant

entire value chain? Will I have something more like this: research. We work in time to still be on the farm? It is a symbiosis of activities c o l l a b o r a t i o n w i t h Who is going to take all that fitting harmoniously into one organizations, scientists, and responsibility? I barely have another like the hexagonal academic institutions to

time as it is, how should I fit all structure of a bee hive, to collect and conduct research of that in? Do I really have the achieve the end result you t h a t w i l l i n c r e a s e o u r appetite to deal with all of want.

Starting off with a u n d e r s t a n d i n g o f h o w those staff issues? And so the paradigm shift, the first step is properly managed livestock idea is brushed off, and our to realize that you can be in in the grasslands of the world

drought, poverty, hunger, and social violence.

As part of a holistic approach, so is your herd composition, it needs to reflect on the male to female ratio, as well as the young to old animals, that is where the Calicrate PRO and WEE banders can play an immense role. The Callicrate Bander™ has earned a reputation as the most humane and effective bloodless castration method o n

t h e

m a r k e t ,

recommended

by

veterinarians, animal

handling specialists and minds convince us that it is a control, and change can and managing holistically cattle producers. Castrated matter of impossibility - so we happen one step at a time by contribute to increasing animals are much easier to

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17

18 Products/Services

Control your own value chain manage and they finish off animals individually or in a downwards. GFASA is the only abattoir - you can contract much better on extensive group and give you an Organisation that allow any the abattoir to slaughter on conditions than non-

a c c u r a t e u p t o d a t e f a r m e r s t h a t u t i l i z e t h e a contract basis, you also do

castrated animals.

Bull summary of the animal's platform to create and control n o t h a v e t o o w n t h e

calves and rams can be entire lifecycle but it can also their own brand name and abattoir.

All you need is

grown much bigger before track the animal right through their own reputation legally, in transparency in what they castrating, than on any all the links in the value chain, an economically beneficial do, from there you do not conventional method.

And supplying you with all the manner whereby they are not have to sell the product to a

still be castrated with half the control you will ever need‌. forced to be subjected to the processor, again all you castration shock as any T h a t f r e e y o u o f t h e conventional classification need is a contract and conventional method.

responsibility to own all the system‌..

transparency, you then can

links but provide you the

sell to the retailer / butcher

O n c e g a i n i n g a b e t t e r opportunity to control your To summarise on a practical o r y o u c a n w h o l e s a l e handle on (1) the heard product from birth to plate.

note, the steps in controlling yourself at the price you

composition, (2) the financial The last piece of the puzzle is your own value chain and want.

A mutual beneficial

side have been planned for, the Grass Fed Association of become a price maker, are as contract is all they are after (3) the social side have been SA (GFASA) a platform for follow (1) assess and measure and the transparency will planned for, (4) the grazing Farmers, Abattoirs, Butchers, the resource capital base to make them sign it, and buy have been planned for, (5) and Retailers to utilise in a make the most out of what the product at your price, the ecology have been direct marketing system. Not you have,

whether it is soil, because transparency gives

planned for the only thing only a mouth piece and grazing, water, animals, animal a s s u r a n c e , a n d t h a t i s r e m a i n i n g i s t o k e e p i t industry body for those who growth, meat production or p r o v i d e d b y B e e f t e c h . monitored on a practical want a parallel system to the whatever. (2) Once you know W h e r e t h e G r a s s F e d level and being able to easily feedlot system, but a means what you have and the quality Association created the and comfortably keep it up to diversify within your farming thereof, it is sellable - sign legal basis, the platform and on a day to day basis. That is operation; who have created contracts to support your the rules for all of that to where the Beeftech System an environment with rules cause. (3) Insure Traceability happen, and the Savory come into play.

It is a and regulations to protect all and transparency (4) sign up Institute and the Calicrate

comprehensive system that and keep things in place for with GFASA.

For example if B a n d e r s i n s u r e d b e s t

can track, monitor and trace the farmers, who want to you have a market ready production practices. any livestock from A to Z, not invest up the value chain and animal that are traceable you only can it track input costs of f o r r e t a i l e r s t o i n v e s t DO NOT have to sell it to the

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20 Products/Services

Case IH receives Good Design® Award: the Autonomous Concept Tractor recognized for design excellence

The Chicago Athenaeum marking a revolutionary step is perhaps the best illustration have the flexibility of still Museum of Architecture and forward in tractor design. The of how we are living up to the having a cab on the tractor.

Design and Metropolitan Arts tractor was designed by CNH a n n i v e r s a r y ' s t a g l i n e – This is the direction we are Press Ltd. has announced the Industrial's in-house Industrial C e l e b r a t i n g t h e P a s t b y taking because we want our C a s e I H A u t o n o m o u s Design Center and based on Looking Toward the Future.”

customers

to

feel

Concept Tractor as one of the current Case IH Magnum After the reveal at the Farm comfortable as they begin the winners of this year's r o w c r o p t r a c t o r . T h e Progress Show in August of to delegate more tasks to prestigious Good Design c o n c e p t ' s d e s i g n w a s 2016, the tractor was shown at the machines themselves,” Award. The Museum's annual focused on both form and trade fairs in France, Brazil, says Klauser.

GOOD DESIGN® Awards function, reimagining the Argentina, and Australia. “We have already begun to r e c o g n i z e t h e m o s t t r a c t o r f o r a f u t u r e “Over the past year, we have see some of the applications innovative and cutting-edge a u t o n o m o u s e r a b y used this concept tractor as a of this concept study being i n d u s t r i a l , p r o d u c t , a n d eliminating the traditional way to kick off a dialog with applied in our current lineup graphic designs produced operator cab. around the world.

our customers as to what the – such as AccuTurnTM and

“This award marks a satisfying future of farming will look like in there are more introductions

Case IH first unveiled the conclusion to the celebration five or ten years' time,” on the horizon.” AccuTurn world's first high horsepower, of our 175th anniversary,” says explains Klauser.

takes the guesswork out of

c a b l e s s a u t o n o m o u s Andreas Klauser, Case IH “From talking to customers in turning on headlands with concept tractor at the Farm B r a n d P r e s i d e n t . “ T h e different countries, we see that a u t o m a t e d h e a d l a n d P r o g r e s s S h o w i n 2 0 1 6 , autonomous concept tractor for the near term, they want to turning technology powered SADC AGRIBUSINESS

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Products/Services

Case IH receives Good Design® Award by software logic from the says Klauser. “We are excited choice, drawing on more than f o u n d

o n l i n e

a t

a u t o n o m o u s c o n c e p t to be starting a pilot program 175 years of heritage and www.caseih.com tractor. This next-generation with an evolved concept that experience in the agricultural Advanced Farming Systems incorporates the feedback industry. A powerful range of Case IH is a brand of CNH ( A F S ) a u t o g u i d a n c e from customers' reactions to tractors, combines and balers Industrial N.V., a world technology provides hands- the concept as well as is supported by a global leader in capital goods f r e e , a u t o m a t i c a n d additional testing. We are network of highly professional listed on the New York r e p e a t a b l e t u r n s f o r working with a key customer d e a l e r s d e d i c a t e d t o Stock Exchange (NYSE: i n c r e a s e d p r o d u c t i v i t y , w i t h i n t e n s i v e t i l l i n g providing our customers with CNHI) and on the Mercato improved accuracy and operations to thoroughly test the superior support and Telematico Azionario of the reduced operator fatigue.

the implementation of this p e r f o r m a n c e s o l u t i o n s Borsa Italiana (MI: CNHI).

“ W e w i l l s e e m o r e A F S t e c h n o l o g y . ” required to be productive and More information about product content on our

effective in the 21st century. CNH Industrial can be

offering to come in 2018,” Case IH is the professionals' More information on Case IH found online at products and services can be www.cnhindustrial.com.

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21

22 Products/Services

Evans Vanodine Specialising in the manufacture of farm disinfectants, and food process cleaning and hygiene chemicals

E v a n s V a n o d i n e i s a n the disease. This brand 'FAM' which affect the animal health I S 0 9 0 0 1 a n d 1 4 0 0 0 international family business has remained as the UK's industry worldwide.

accreditation plus a UK

founded in 1919. Originally number one for livestock In 2005 Evans were responsible v e t e r i n a r y m e d i c i n e s manufacturing soaps and disinfection ever since and for introducing the Biosystem licence and a UKAS (United disinfectants in the North the product is used as the 3000 on a global scale. The K i n g d o m A c c r e d i t a t i o n West of UK, the business has reference disinfectant by Biosystem 3000 is a standard S

e

r

v

i

c

e

)

expanded into a PLC which Defra, the UK ministry of o p e r a t i n g p r o c e d u r e f o r certification for its laboratory operates through over 300 agriculture. Evans are also a cleaning and disinfection of facilities. distributors in the UK and g l o b a l l e a d e r i n t h e livestock production facilities E v a n s p r o d u c t s a r e e x p o r t s t o 7 8 c o u n t r i e s technology for dairy cow teat and is the basis for effective m a n u f a c t u r e d u n d e r worldwide. Evans now has 5 disinfectant for prevention of control of disease causing licence in South Africa by licensed manufacture units mastitis and dairy hygiene.

microorganisms on the farm. Bitek Feed Science based in

around the world; Jordan, A whole range of specialist Evans Vanodine now exports Johannesburg for all markets Israel, Saudi Arabia, South c l e a n i n g a n d h y g i e n e globally and has strategic in Sub -Saharan Africa.

Africa and Colombia.

products has evolved from alliances with multinational Distributorships are available

S p e c i a l i s i n g i n t h e the livestock range, and the companies.

and Evans and Bitek will be

m a n u f a c t u r e o f f a r m company now offers high All of the exported products happy to consider any d i s i n f e c t a n t s , a n d f o o d p e r f o r m a n c e l i v e s t o c k are manufactured at the UK applications. p r o c e s s c l e a n i n g a n d disinfectants for all sectors of Preston factory in a state of h y g i e n e c h e m i c a l s t h e the industry - Swine, Poultry the art production unit. The F o r f u r t h e r i n f o r m a t i o n Company rose to fame and Dairy. The disinfectant Company employs 135 staff c

o

n

t

a

c

t

during a UK 1967 foot and range are independently and includes full research and exports@evansvanodine.co. mouth outbreak, when one tested and proven to offer development facilities for its uk of its formulations proved to protection against all of the products. be uniquely effective against key pathogens and virus Evans Vanodine has GMP,

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www.evansvanodine.co.uk

24 SADC Farmer

ARC shows positive trial results relating to drought and the irrigation of cash crops using treated winery wastewater

The Agricultural Research subsequent years, further Reckson Mulidzi's research also come a long way in Council (ARC) in Stellenbosch s t u d i e s f o c u s e d o n t h e have found that treated a d d r e s s i n g p o v e r t y h a s b e e n i n v o l v e d i n irrigation of vineyards due to w i n e r y w a s t e w a t e r w i t h alleviation experienced by chemical oxygen demand f a r m w o r k e r s . I t m u s t r e s e a r c h o n w i n e r y water shortages. wastewater treatment and

(COD) of less than 1000 mg/L however be emphasized

Parts of South Africa are can be used for cash crop that winery wastewater that the irrigation of cash crops with treated wastewater for currently experiencing water production, as it had no is combined with sewerage the last 20 years. The study, shortages due to drought, detrimental effect on the crop wastewater is not suitable for conducted at Spier winery, which has a negative effect as well as the environment.

cash crop production.

was promoted due to high on agriculture, as less water is

For more information,

levels of unemployment and available for irrigation. In this Cash crop production using contact Dr Reckson Mulidzi food shortages on farms. In r e g a r d , r e s u l t s f r o m D r treated winery wastewater will on 021 809 3070 or email: MulidziR@arc.agric.za.

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26 Case study

Ecodan offers huge savings for farmer and weight gain for poultry

The installation of six Ecodan accurately controlled on a h e a t p u m p u n i t s t o r u n electricity, on a 3-phase air source heat pumps into a linier scale from 33°C on day underfloor heating for the new cycle – which equates to new agricultural shed on a one, to 17°C on day 42. This shed and the first 42-day around £400.

Gloucestershire poultry farm enables the 40,000 birds in winter cycle for 40,000 birds T h e h e a t p u m p f l o w is helping each batch of each crop to gain maximum has used just over 4,000 kWh of temperatures are reduced chickens reach maximum w e i g h t i n a c o n t r o l l e d , potential growth

comfortable environment.

It is also saving the farmer Run by brothers Reg and thousands of pounds a crop Graham Watkins and their and enabling the owner to families, the farm already has c l a i m r e g u l a r q u a r t e r l y two chicken sheds, each with p a y m e n t s u n d e r t h e a capacity of 20,000 birds. On Government's

n e w an average 42-day winter

Renewable Heat Incentive cycle, they consume 7,000 (RHI).

litres of LPG (Liquid Petroleum

“This is the first time we've Gas), equating to 49,000kWh, fitted renewable heating on using less as the outside a farm, although with the ambient increases. savings we will see here, I am “Although the new shed has sure it won't be the last.” Chris better levels of insulation than Chapman.

the older, LPG-heated sheds,

The 1,620 m2 building on t h e

d i f f e r e n c e

i s

S t o n e h o u s e F a r m n e a r outstanding.” Reg Watkins.

Ledbury, is being run on a 42- Ledbury-based Bavenhill day

program

w i t h Mechanics recently installed

temperatures inside the shed six 14kW Ecodan air source

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ABOVE: The Watkins family adheres to the Red Tractor welfare standards and the new shed has already proved a much more comfortable environment for the chickens, which have gained more weight because of the controllable nature of the heat provided by the Ecodan system.

Case study

Ecodan offers huge savings for farmer as the cycle advances with below 1kWh per bird using Bavenhill's in-house bespoke the Ecodan system and it has software controlling the already proved a much more inverter speed to match the comfortable environment for load within the poultry house. the chickens.

This dramatically increases The farm will also be eligible the efficiency levels of the for regular payments from the Ecodans giving the farmer RHI scheme and this could the best payback possible. see the farmer receiving an T h e b i r d s t e n d t o s t a r t payment of £11,250 per year. generating their own heat The outdoor Ecodan units are after about day 24, so the coupled to manifolds running underfloor heating is then 300mm spacing on 20mm k e p t r u n n i n g w i t h f l o w pipes to deliver underfloor temperatures as low as 20°C.

heating throughout the new

This helps to keep the heat in shed, across 6,000m of pipe in the concrete ready for the total, all controlled by a Trend next crop, which not only system. This not only gives creates a minimal load, it also much more accurate control helps reduce humidity levels o v e r t h e t e m p e r a t u r e changes than the previous if ventilation is increased.

“For the existing LPG-heated LPG system, it enables the sheds, energy consumption is Watkins team to easily alter equating to around 3.75kWh the temperature day by day, per bird, due to the increased to match the requirement of

The building also runs an air handling unit for ven la on and emergency hea ng, along with five Mr Slim air condi oning units for addi onal hea ng and cooling when needed during the summer months.

maximise profits and deliver ventilation requirements the flock. healthy and tasty food for the needed to reduce the CO2 Throughout the growing UK's tables. a n d h u m i d i t y l e v e l s period, the chickens needed “Indirect heating is much more produced by the in-house a c o m f o r t a b l e a n d beneficial to the birds and it burners,” comments Reg controllable temperature, so will enable them to put on the that they can gain as much Watkins. maximum weight gain over “We estimate this will drop to w e i g h t a s p o s s i b l e t o their development period,”

more people to adopt low carbon heating systems. RHI will see commercial building owners, farmers and landlords receive a quarterly payment – which can amount to thousands of pounds, for up to 20 years for

explains Chris Chapman, non-domestic buildings. m a n a g i n g d i r e c t o r a t Bavenhill Mechanics is an Bavenhill.

accredited Ecodan installer

“We have regularly installed operating throughout the Ecodan's into people's homes West Midlands and the and several offices, but this is W e l s h b o r d e r c o u n t i e s . the first time we've fitted the Further information on the renewable heating on a farm, c o m p a n y ' s r a n g e o f although with the savings we renewable services can be will see here, I am sure it won't f o u n d a t t h e w e b s i t e : be the last.”

www.bavenhill.co.uk.

The market-leading Ecodan Ecodan heat pumps are r a n g e q u a l i f i e s f o r t h e available in individual units Renewable Heat Incentive from 4kW to multiple systems scheme.

up to 688kW, with the ability

T h e i n c e n t i v e h a s b e e n to work in tandem with other d e s i g n e d t o r e d u c e t h e heating technologies. payback period for both The Ecodan air source heat pumps provide underfloor hea ng to the 1,620 m2 shed.

commercial and domestic heat pumps and encourage

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27

28 Technology

Greenhouses equipped with magenta-colored glazing panels generate electricity that can be used to operate equipment and reduce energy costs

What if your greenhouse t h a t c a n g e n e r a t e could generate enough electricity.“The purpose of this electricity to run the Wavelength-Selective e q u i p m e n t u s e d i n i t , Photovoltaics Systems (WSPS) including fans, soil mixers, pot technology is to reduce the fillers and transplanters? How electricity demand from the much money could you save grid by generating it onsite,” annually in energy costs? Loik says.

Michael Loik, professor in the “ T h e f o o t p r i n t o f t h e e n v i r o n m e n t a l s t u d i e s greenhouse has dual uses. It department at the University c a n g r o w e d i b l e o r of California-Santa Cruz, is ornamental plants, and at the studying greenhouse glazing same time it's generating a

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Michael Loik, professor in the Environmental Studies Department at the University of California-Santa Cruz, is studying greenhouse glazing that can generate electricity.

All photos: Michael Loik, University of California

Technology

Greenhouses equipped with magenta-colored.... portion of the electricity physics professors at the extra electricity,” he says. required to operate the University of California- Santa

g r e e n h o u s e . I n t h e Cruz, founded the company V a r i a b l e P l a n t R e s p o n s e greenhouse in which we S o l i c u l t u r e Loik studied the effect that were doing the study, more (www.soliculture.com) in 2012 light transmitted through the electricity was generated to market the technology. magenta- colored panels had

of peppers and lemons. In this particular study plants produced more fruit or larger fruit. We have also done lettuce and cucumber varieties in other trials and

than was needed to operate “Plastic panels embedded on plant photosynthesis and the panel color.” “We also the fans and the other with the dye were exposed to growth. Twenty different plant found that there was a 5 electrical components.” temperature extremes of 185º varieties, including basil, percent water savings for “Since we are located along F and -40º F and 85 percent t o m a t o e s , c u c u m b e r s , tomatoes grown under the

the Pacific coast the cooling humidity,” Loik says. peppers, strawberries, lemons demands during the summer “ T h e p a n e l s w e r e a l s o and limes were trialed. are not as high as a exposed to excessive “ W e g r e w p l a n t s i n greenhouse that would be ultraviolet light at 122º F and greenhouses covered with

magenta-colored panels.

We are currently conducting more detailed experiments

to try to figure out why there located further inland. The worked just fine. There wasn't clear acrylic panels and is this water savings and also excess electricity that we any type of breakdown by compared the growth to why in some cases there is a generated with our test the dye.” Loik said whether a plants in a greenhouse with higher photosynthetic rate.” greenhouse may not be grower would decide to put t h e m a g e n t a - c o l o r e d

r e a l i z e d e v e r y w h e r e the dye-embedded panels panels,” Loik says. “Eighty depending on geographic on the greenhouse roof as percent of the 20 different location, how hot it gets in a well as the sidewalls would v a r i e t i e s t h a t w e t e s t e d particular location and the depend on the orientation of basically grew the same

Expected Payback And Potential Loik says his colleague and

panel developer Glenn Alers electrical demand required t h e s t r u c t u r e a n d i t s regardless of the panel color. h a s d o n e s o m e to cool a greenhouse. geographic location.

The other 20 percent of plants computations related to ”The test greenhouses are “If the wide sides of the under the magenta-colored e x p e c t e d p a y b a c k f o r covered with single-wall greenhouse were facing the p a n e l s h a d a h i g h e r i n s t a l l i n g t h e W S P S

a c r y l i c p a n e l s t h a t a r e sun in the early morning and photosynthetic rate. Plants e m b e d d e d w i t h a late afternoon, it might be t h a t h a d a h i g h e r luminescent magenta dye worthwhile for a grower to photosynthetic rate included using a proprietary process. install the panels on the Roma tomato, a strawberry

technology. “It depends on whether a grower is building a new greenhouse or is

retrofitting an existing The dye absorbs sunlight and sidewalls to generate some variety and different varieties structure,” Loik says. “If the transfers the energy to narrow photovoltaic strips that generate electricity.

“We have been using acrylic panels, which are easy to obtain and relatively inexpensive,” Loik explains.

“The dye could also be e m b e d d e d

i n t o

polycarbonate panels, which are better at resisting deterioration from the ultraviolet light of the sun.

The dye can also be used with glass. Loik says glazing embedded with the dye has been extensively tested by its developers Sue Carter and Glenn Alers under extreme conditions including heat, humidity and light levels.

Carter and Alers, who are Rigid greenhouse glazing materials can be embedded with a luminescent magenta dye that absorbs sunlight and transfers the energy to narrow photovoltaic strips that generate electricity.

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26 Technology

Greenhouses equipped with magenta-colored.... p a n e l s a n d a l l o f t h e kilowatt per hour. In June and for growers to sell electricity and water sensors it may be hardware including the clips July when the sun is the back to the grid.”

possible to specifically

and wire for the voltaics are h i g h e s t i n t h e s k y , t h e Loik says whether or not this determine what plants need considered, the cost is about greenhouse was generating technology lends itself to to avoid wasting energy and $22 per square foot. For 10 times that much electricity. energy rebates would depend water. This could lead to the California, when the panel That is the seasonality part of on a greenhouse's location c r e a t i o n o f a s m a r t , efficiency and the amount of this technology.”

and the utility company a sustainable greenhouse

sunlight are considered, the Loik says the magenta- grower is working with.

environment.”

payback is between four to colored panels have the “What I would like to see is seven years. “ I n

a

potential to allow growers to using this technology as a F o r m o r e i n f o r m a t i o n : r e s e a r c h retrofit their greenhouses so springboard toward more Michael E. Loik, University of

article(http://onlinelibrary.wil they become more efficient. energy-efficient greenhouses California, Environmental ey.com/doi/10.1002/2016EF0 “Theoretically, a greenhouse i n w a y s o t h e r t h a n j u s t Studies Department, Santa 0 0 5 3 1 / f u l l ) p u b l i s h e d i n c o u l d p r o d u c e m o r e energy,” he says. “With the C r u z ,

California;

“Earth's Future,” we show a electricity than what would preliminary water savings that 8 3 1 . 4 5 9 . 5 7 8 5 ; m l o i k @ graph of the electricity b e production

in

needed

by

t h e we have seen, it may be ucsc.edu

t h e greenhouse to operate,” he possible to combine the dyed

greenhouse over the course says. “The greenhouse would panel technology with the David Kuack is a freelance o f a y e a r . E l e c t r i c i t y b e p r o d u c i n g m o r e small water sensors that are technical writer in Fort Worth, production was the lowest electricity at certain times of now available.

Texas. He can be reached at

during December when it the year than others. In some B y c o m b i n i n g t h e p a n e l dkuack@gmail.com was generating about ½ locations it might be possible technology with temperature By David Kuack

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Plants that have been found to have a higher photosynthe c rate grown under the dye-embedded panels included Roma tomato, a strawberry variety and different varie es of peppers and lemons.

Suplement

Sprayers and Spray Application Techniques

The most important goal in creates the pressure at 40- achieved with less chemical.

One disadvantage to

the

smaller droplets is that they

application

o f 1000 psi. Spray material is

agricultural pesticides is to usually applied to "wet" or Sprayer Differences

evaporate quicker when

get uniform distribution of the "drip." Nozzles on the boom O n e w a y t o d i s t i n g u i s h the humidity is low and may chemicals throughout the or handheld gun break the between a hydraulic sprayer n o t r e a c h t h e t a r g e t . crop foliage. Under dosing spray into small droplets and and low-volume sprayer is by Another is that the tiny may not give the desired direct it to the foliage.

droplet size. Hydraulic sprayers droplets tend to bounce or

c o v e r a g e a n d c o n t r o l In a low-volume (LV) sprayer, produce a spray with most skip on the leaf surface. This n e e d e d . O v e r d o s i n g i s spray material in a water or oil droplets in the 200-400 micron c a n

be

overcome

e x p e n s i v e a s i t w a s t e s carrier is injected into a high- diameter range (thickness of somewhat by adding a pesticide and increases the speed air stream developed the human hair is about 100 spreader and sticker. potential for groundwater b y a f a n , b l o w e r o r microns). Low-volume sprayers contamination.

c o m p r e s s o r . I n m o s t L V d e v e l o p a m i s t ( 5 0 - 1 0 0 Types of Hydraulic Sprayers

Two general types of sprayers sprayers, a small pump is used m i c r o n s ) o r f o g ( 0 . 0 5 - 5 0 A h y d r a u l i c s p r a y e r are available for greenhouse to inject a concentrate microns). Small droplets from a c o n t a i n s t h e f o l l o w i n g application of pesticides: pesticide solution into the air mist or fog applicator can components: tank, pump hydraulic and low-volume. stream. The speed of the air r e s u l t i n m o r e u n i f o r m w i t h a g i t a t o r , p r e s s u r e There are many variations of stream may be as high as 200 c o v e r a g e a n d g r e a t e r gauge, regulating valve, these that fit particular crops m p h . T o g e t s u f f i c i e n t likelihood of contact with the relief valve, control valves, or growing methods.

coverage, the air within the insect or disease. In contrast to piping and nozzles, power

In the hydraulic sprayer, a foliage canopy must be the hydraulic sprayer, spray source and support frame. pump supplies energy that r e p l a c e d w i t h a i r t h a t material is usually applied to carries spray material to the contains the pesticide. As the "glisten" as it is difficult to see Compressed air sprayer target (plant foliage). Water is droplet size is much smaller, the individual droplets on the The smallest sprayers are the carrier and the pump good coverage can be leaf.

hand-carried, compressed

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31

32 Supplement

Sprayers and Spray Applica on Techniques air sprayers. They contain a 1- independent mixing tank, travels through the nozzle, In the operation of a thermal to 5-gallon tank with an air pump, filter and valves are forms spray droplets and fogger, the pesticide is pump in the top and a wand needed.

carries them to the plants. This injected into an extremely

with a nozzle for directing the

helps to create more uniformly hot, fast-moving air stream

spray. Their best use is for spot Central pesticide application sized particles that disperse that vaporizes it into fog treatment of small areas. In system

well because they repel each particles. Moving from one

operation, the tank has to be In gutter-connected ranges, other. Charged particles are end of a greenhouse to the pumped up frequently to it is possible to install a piping attracted to leaves, metal and other, a thermal fogger can maintain pressure, and the s y s t e m t h a t w i l l d e l i v e r some plastics; when they strike cover in as little as 15 tank must be shaken to pesticides to any part of the a surface, these particles minutes. Air circulation from agitate the chemical.

g r e e n h o u s e . P e s t i c i d e c r e a t e a m o m e n t a r y an HAF system will give more preparation and filtration are overcharge that repels other u n i f o r m c o v e r a g e a n d

Backpack sprayer

done in a mixing area. A particles. These other particles better foliage penetration.

The tank in this sprayer holds single pump and piping that land elsewhere on the leaf, so Temperature and humidity a b o u t f o u r g a l l o n s o f will handle the pressure t h e r e i s m o r e u n i f o r m a l s o a f f e c t t h e s p r a y material. A hand-operated developed are required. A coverage.

droplets. Because of the

pump pressurizes the spray hose can be easily attached

noise associated with the jet

material as the operator to one or more outlets in each The simplest electrostatic engine, hearing protection is walks along, and the wand bay to apply the pesticide. sprayer is backpack-carried recommended. with nozzle directs the spray The disadvantage is that the and contains a tank and spray to the target. Its use is limited entire system must be drained g u n .

It

requires

a n Mechanical Fogger

to small areas that can be a n d c l e a n e d b e f o r e independent air supply to Also called a cold fogger, reached from a walkway.

changing to a new chemical. charge the tank. Other units this device uses a highare cart-mounted with an pressure pump (1,000-3,000 Low-volume Sprayers

integral compressor powered psi) and atomizing nozzles to

With a tank size up to 200 Backpack Mist Blower

by a gas engine or electric produce fog-size particles.

Skid-mounted sprayer

gallons, these sprayers will fit A small gas engine and motor. Electrostatic sprayers Distribution of the spray onto an ATV or electric cart. integral fan creates an air work best if the spray distance material is through a handThey can also be mounted stream with a velocity of 100- is less than 15 feet.

held gun or external fan unit.

on wheels and pulled by 200 mph. Concentrate spray

With the fan unit, the

hand or with a compact injected into the air stream by Rotary Disk sprayer

distance and amount of

tractor. A small electric or gas a special nozzle is carried to The spinning disk is used to area that can be covered engine powers the pump. The the foliage by the air. The impact and break a stream of depends on the capacity of unit may contain a hose reel spraying technique is more water into droplets that are the fan. Multiple units or and gun or a boom with complicated than with a 60-80 microns in diameter. A settings may be needed to nozzles.

hydraulic sprayer. The nozzle variety of sizes are available cover large areas. should be directed into the for greenhouse use.

Irrigation boom sprayer

As with other foggers, penetration and coverage

plant canopy to get good

With increasing production in penetration and coverage, Thermal Fogger

may not be as good as with

plug and cell trays, the use of but it should be kept at least T h i s m a c h i n e r e q u i r e s a a mist or hydraulic sprayer. t h e b o o m s p r a y e r h a s six feet away from the plants specially formulated carrier Droplets in the 30-micron become an important tool to avoid blast damage. The that is mixed with the pesticide size drop out of the air fairly for getting uniform watering. operator should visualize that to improve uniformity of quickly but droplets in the 5By installing three-way turrets all the air within the canopy droplet size and distribution of micron size may evaporate with nozzles for irrigation, must be replaced by the air the spray material. The carrier or float in the air currents for m i s t i n g a n d p e s t i c i d e from the mist blower.

also decreases molecular hours. Small particles don't

application, one piece of

weight, allowing the particles have the mass or velocity to

equipment serves multi-

to float in the air for up to six move into heavy foliate;

purposes. An alternate

hours, a disadvantage if you however, in most studies,

method is to add a pesticide Electrostatic sprayer

h a v e t o g e t i n t o t h e good insect control has

application boom to the Compressed air, given a greenhouse to care for the been achieved. same transport cart. An negative electric charge as it plants.

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Safety is important when

Suplement

Sprayers and Spray Applica on Techniques u s i n g s p r a y e q u i p m e n t used, a dosage in the middle enhance the movement and and coverage is to keep a employing a high-pressure of the range is a good starting distribution of the fog and mist l o g o f t h e s p r a y i n g pump. Keep hands and arms point.

particles.

operations and the results

a w a y f r o m t h e n o z z l e The amount of water needed The fans should continue to that were obtained. This because at high pressure, to cover the growing area operate for 30-60 minutes should include the date, s p r a y p a r t i c l e s c a n depends on the type of after the spraying operation is t i m e a n d l o c a t i o n o f penetrate the skin very easily.

e q u i p m e n t u s e d . W i t h completed.

application; crop and pest;

hydraulic sprayers, a rate of Observation should be made pesticide used; tank mix; and Calibration and Operation

25-50 gal. per 10,000 sq. ft. is to ensure that the sprayer is an evaluation of the results

Before selecting the sprayer c o m m o n . L o w - v o l u m e operating correctly and that obtained. to use, check the label and sprayers use only 1/4-2 gal. s u f f i c i e n t c o v e r a g e i s A d j u s t m e n t s s h o u l d b e the IPM guidelines for the per 10,000 sq. ft.

obtained. A good way to m a d e i n s u b s e q u e n t

particular pesticide that will Most chemical labels state monitor coverage with a a p p l i c a t i o n s t o t r y t o be applied. These give the the amount of pesticide to be hydraulic or mist sprayer is to improve the results. recommended application diluted in 100 gallons of water use strips of water-sensitive Proper selection, calibration rate, the type of equipment and not the amount of spray paper from a local spraying and operation of spray b e s t s u i t e d f o r t h e concentrate that is to be equipment supplier. The paper equipment is important in application, the style of applied to a given area. is attached to representative achieving optimal pest nozzle and other information Some labels now list the leaves in the plant canopy. control, as well as in meeting for best results. Based on the amount of chemical that W h e n e x p o s e d t o s p r a y environment and safety type of crop and its size, should be applied per acre. droplets, stains will appear requirements. select the sprayer that will The instruction manual that i n d i c a t i n g t h e s i z e a n d L e a r n m o r e a b o u t t h e g i v e a g o o d b a l a n c e comes with each sprayer number of particles that were a d v a n t a g e s between droplet size and contains charts or tables that received by the leaf. coverage.

a n d

disadvantages of low-and

help determine how much F o r f o g a p p l i c a t i o n s , high-volume sprayers to

C a l i b r a t i n g s p r a y e r s i s spray material to mix with the evaluation of coverage can help you choose the best i m p o r t a n t t o g e t g o o d water. This is usually based on be made using a fluorescent one for your greenhouse. control without applying a 10,000-sq. ft. area, so you dye in the water. Placing excess material. Low-volume will need to adjust the rate to representative leaves under John W. Bartok, Jr. sprayers can provide more fit the growing area to be an ultraviolet or black light will Agricultural engineer and uniform coverage with less sprayed.

s h o w d r o p l e t s i z e a n d extension professor-emeritus

spray material. Where

distribution.

applicable, most labels have Spraying technique

Another tool that can help Management & Engineering

in the Natural Resource

recommendations for low- The technique you use to promote better technique Department at the University volume equipment.

spray crops is very important

of Connecticut

to get good coverage. It When making a tank mix, should be developed to fit both the dosage and water the type of equipment that is requirement need to be to be used. With a hand-held considered. The dosage, the gun, a sweeping motion over amount of chemical that the foliage will allow the spray should be applied to a given material to penetrate and area, is listed on the label. get to the underside of the With most pesticides, a range leaves. such as 4-12 oz. per 100 gal. is With fixed-fan type units, an given. Selection of the rate airflow pattern needs to be should be made based on established so that all the the level of infestation, type plant canopy receives the and maturity of the crop, past pesticide; location of the unit e x p e r i e n c e a n d o t h e r contributes to good air flow. variables. If this is the first time U s i n g a n a i r c i r c u l a t i o n that the pesticide is being system, such as HAF, will

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33

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Advertisers’ index 02 SAWPA 19 GFA SA 20 CASE IH 23 BITEK INDUSTRIES 25 SAWPA 34 YAMAHA 35 FARMATIC 36 FARMATIC

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