Informe Arch-Vision

1

Contents

1

Preface and Summary

2

1 2

Key findings Key finding

3 7

3

Future building volumes

32

4

Current situation and expectations

37

5

Impact economic situation

44

6

Architectural design & Technology trends

48

7

Results per segment

89

8

Appendix

97

2

Preface



This report is the fourteenth edition of the European Architectural Barometer. Each quarter the Arch-Vision research team works on improving the report, and questionnaire with which the information is gathered.



Our goal is to provide our clients with information and analyses on the trends and developments, which help them to manage their business better and to get a deeper understanding of the market.



In Q2 2012, Arch-Vision would like to thank the following clients, who actively participated in the discussion of the topics to be covered in this survey and contributed with suggestions for the questionnaire and report: 

Ideal Standard



Saint Gobain



Forbo



Velux



Xella



Mevaco



Xidoor

3

Key Findings

1

Preface and Summary

2

1 2

Key findings finding

3 7

3

Future building volumes

32

4

Current situation and expectations

37

5

Impact economic situation

44

6

Architectural design & Technology trends

48

7

Results per segment

89

8

Appendix

97

4

Key findings – UK (1) UK market shows signs of recovery, but architects are pessimistic about the future 

Both the Order book (101) and Turnover Barometers (106) show positive figures. As a result, the Rolling Barometers increased by respectively 1 and 6 points.



The number of FTE has also increased. This causes the number of projects per FTE to decrease.



Compared to last quarter, the order book duration has dropped. However, Q1 2012 was an exceptionally good quarter in terms of Order book duration, therefore this is no real cause for concern.



More worrying is the high percentage of architects expecting an empty order book within 12 months. It seems that they do not expect this recovery to last.

Short-term outlook among British architects

2010

2011

2012

Q1

Q2

Q3

Q4

Q1

Q2

Q3

Q4

Q1

Q2

Number of FTE

9.2

11.5

11.7

7.9

11.8

11.9

9.5

10.2

9.6

11.0

▲

Number of projects per FTE

3.7

3.2

2.9

3.1

3.2

3.6

3.3

3.0

3.2

2.9

▼

Order book in months

5.8

6.9

5.3

3.7

6.8

3.2

6.4

6.3

8.0

6.8

▼

Q2Q Order Book Barometer (based on previous quarter)

100

110

94

94

111

102

94

99

97

101

▲

Rolling Order Book Barometer (based on Q1 ‘09)

-69

-59

-65

-71

-60

-59

-65

-66

-69

-68

▲

Q2Q Turnover Barometer (based on previous quarter)

100

108

95

88

113

97

98

93

96

106

▲

Rolling Turnover Barometer (based on Q3 ‘09)

-10

-2

-7

-19

-6

-9

-11

-18

-22

-16

▲

Expectation empty order book within one year (% yes)

19%

17%

36%

17%

27%

16%

23%

8%

10%

27%

▼

© Arch-Vision, July 2012

5

Key findings – Germany (2) Drop in German order book duration, but a even more positive outlook for the next 12 months than last quarter



In the last quarter, the German order book duration hit its peak. The duration has now dropped to just over 10 months. German architects are still performing better than the average European architect.



Compared to their European colleagues, German architects are very optimistic. Only 4% expects an empty order book within the next 12 months.

The number of European architects expecting an empty order book is five times higher.

Current order book (in months)

Expecting empty order book in 12 months

14

50%

12 40% 10

30%

8

6

20%

4 GE

GE

10%

2 EU

0

EU

0% Q2 '12

Q1 '12

Q4 '11

Q3 '11

Q2 '11

Q1 '11

Q4 '10

Q3 '10

© Arch-Vision, July 2012

Q2 '10

Q1 '10

Q4 '09

Q3 '09

Q2 '09

Q1 '09

Q2 '12

Q1 '12

Q4 '11

Q3 '11

Q2 '11

Q1 '11

Q4 '10

Q3 '10

Q2 '10

Q1 '10

Q4 '09

Q3 '09

Q2 '09

Q1 '09

© Arch-Vision, July 2012

6

Key findings – Spain (4) Smallest number of architects with decreasing turnover since 2009, but turnover development still negative 100%



600

Development of Turnover The turnover development in Spain follows the same trend as the order book. Here a less negative development can be seen from Q1 2011 onwards, but until now this has not resulted in a positive

500

80%

400 60%

turnover development yet.

300 40%



9%

The share of architects with an increase of over 5% this quarter (11%) is the highest ever measured by Arch-Vision and the same is true for the share of architects claiming there was no change compared to last quarter (54%).

9%

20% 6% 0%

23% -4%

4% 5% -12%

22%

-9%

-20%



7%

a rolling Barometer value has reached almost the same negative point as the order book. This means that the drop in turnover was

7% 6%

10% 2%

11% 5%

21%

-14%

-9%

40%

50%

53%

45%

51%

54%

project prices due to intensifying competition among architects.

-100

-93%

-61%

-79%

-60%

-47%

-62%

-63%

-27%

-15%

-15%

-17%

-20%

-18%

-40%

-28%

-7% -30%

-4% -26%

-80%

10 to 11% report the same positive development for the turnover, means that the increase in the order book comes from smaller projects and/or lower prices.

-300

-500

-100%

-600 Q3 '09 Q4 '09 Q1 '10 Q2 '10 Q3 '10 Q4 '10 Q1 '11 Q2 '11 Q3 '11 Q4 '11 Q1 '12 Q2 '12

The fact that in Q1 and Q2 2012 19% of the Spanish architects reported an increase of the order book of more than 5%, but only

-200

-400

Based on previous quarter



0

-24%

heavier than the drop in the order book. This is probably caused by a combination of a shorter order book duration and decreasing

200 100

-16%

later than the order book) the turnover of the Spanish architects as

11%

4% 3%

4% 20%

Despite the fact that the European Architectural Barometer started to measure the turnover development in Q3 2009 (two quarters

7% 8%

Increase of more than 5% Increase of 0-5% Remains the same (0%) Decrease of 0-5% Decrease of more than 5% © Arch-Vision, July 2012

Based on Q3 2009 Rolling Turnover Barometer

Based on previous quarter Q to Q Turnover Barometer

7

Key findings – The Netherlands (3) Order book development in free fall 100%

150

Development of Order Book 

The chart representing the development of the Dutch order books

125

80%

among architects, shows that since Q3 2011 the number of architects reporting a decrease of more than 5% has grown.

100 60% 75



40%

Looking at the Rolling Barometer line it becomes clear that after a relatively stable period, from Q3 2011 onwards, the Dutch

20%

6%

5% 8%

11%

31%

33%

11%

12%

19%

21%

19% 18%

21% 14%

21%

16% 20%

16%

12% 24%

12%

12%

11% 10%

13% 11%

professionals have been experiencing a significant downfall.

0%



In the last three quarters, the Rolling Order Book Barometer has

-20%

been showing the lowest levels since Q3 2009 in the Netherlands.

This indicates that the Dutch market is now experiencing a double

-29%

-22%

27%

32%

34%

26%

32%

25%

-16%

-15%

-15%

-10%

-15%

-11%

-17%

-20%

-19%

-19%

-19%

-25%

-21% -28%

-60%

31%

-26%

-40%

dip and that the construction market will probably decline even more in the coming quarters.

32%

-12%

35%

24%

-15%

-22%

50 25 0

-25 -50

-34%

-29%

-29%

-75

-27% -100



In comparison with the other five countries, the Dutch architects are far from being in the worst position. Spain and Italy are coping with even harder times. Germany is doing extremely well, but the UK

-80%

-125

-100%

-150 Q3 '09 Q4 '09 Q1 '10 Q2 '10 Q3 '10 Q4 '10 Q1 '11 Q2 '11 Q3 '11 Q4 '11 Q1 '12 Q2 '12

and France are also performing better than the Netherlands.

Based on previous quarter Increase of more than 5% Increase of 0-5% Remains the same (0%) Decrease of 0-5% Decrease of more than 5% © Arch-Vision, July 2012

Based on Q3 2009 Rolling Order book Barometer

Based on previous quarter

Q to Q Order book Barometer

8

Future Building Volumes

1

Preface and Summary

2

1 2

Key findings Key finding

3 7

3

Future building volumes

32

4

Current situation and expectations

37

5

Impact economic situation

44

6

Architectural design & Technology trends

48

7

Results per segment

89

8

Appendix

97

9

Current situation and expectations

1

Preface and Summary

2

1 2

Key findings Key finding

3 7

3

Future building volumes

32

4

Current situation and expectations

37

5

Impact economic situation

44

6

Architectural design & Technology trends

48

7

Results per segment

89

8

Appendix

97

10

Current situation and expectations No assignments, or postponement of financial decisions continue to be the biggest threats Biggest threats (spontaneous, n=1.200) 

The threats that European architects face are quite clear and

No assignments

55%

8%

24%

61%

58%

26%

architects fear they will not obtain new assignments. The UK is

Postponement of financial decision

45%

14%

20%

26%

25%

19%

also suffering from postponement of the financial decision

Smaller assignments

23%

11%

5%

10%

13%

1%

(45%).

Price war

4%

21%

9%

6%

14%

3%

The share of German architects who see no threats is 39%

No buffer to keep staff at work

3%

1%

1%

8%

9%

5%

Takeovers from architect companies

0%

0%

0%

2%

1%

1%

No threats

3%

39%

11%

4%

3%

7%

Other

23%

13%

32%

10%

10%

43%

Do not know

2%

7%

12%

2%

1%

6%

consistent: 61% of the Spanish and 58% of the Italian



this quarter. The price war in Germany is also a bigger problem than in other countries.

© Arch-Vision, July 2012

Biggest opportunities (spontaneous, n=1.200) 

The perceived possibilities are much more diverse per country.

Possibilities in new segments

43%

15%

7%

36%

9%

10%



The British (43%) and Spanish (36%) architects think they

Impulse from government

10%

12%

7%

22%

20%

1%

have to look for possibilities in new segments. Together with

Aging population

0%

8%

2%

5%

1%

1%

the Italians (20%), the Spanish see an impulse from the

Renovation

8%

25%

6%

12%

19%

12%

government (22%) as an opportunity.

Weakening competition

3%

0%

0%

1%

1%

1%

Even though Spain is continuously showing the worst results

Better financing conditions

1%

5%

1%

17%

12%

3%

of all six countries, only 12% of the architects indicate they see

Durability

11%

11%

4%

7%

7%

7%

no opportunities at all.

Takeover other company

1%

0%

0%

0%

0%

0%

In the UK (25%), France (39%) and Italy (32%) far more

No opportunities

25%

22%

39%

12%

32%

17%

architects are unable to name any opportunities.

Other

13%

8%

28%

20%

9%

45%

Do not know

8%

21%

12%

5%

2%

6%





© Arch-Vision, July 2012

11

Impact economic situation

1

Preface and Summary

2

1 2

Key findings Key finding

3 7

3

Future building volumes

32

4

Current situation and expectations

37

5

Impact economic situation

44

6

Architectural design & Technology trends

48

7

Results per segment

89

8

Appendix

97

12

Impact economic situation Spain and Italy more optimistic, growing fear in the UK and France



The following table presents the share of architects expecting an empty order book in the next 12 months. This information was already presented for each country coupled with the European average, but the table below clarifies where each country finds its place.



Based on this, the highest share of pessimistic architects can be seen in Spain. The fluctuation of the attitudes in the country is very big, and this is mainly due to the highly unstable situation and uncertainty about the future. The same is valid for Italy, as Italy is following the Spanish trend of negative development. Both countries reached their peak in Q1 2012 and show a more positive development in Q2 2012.



The French and British architects on the other hand have grown more pessimistic in Q2 2012. Especially in the UK, a large increase can be seen.

Expectation empty order book % Yes Current order bookQ2 (in'09 months) Q1 '09 Q3 '09 Q4 '09

Q1 '10

Q2 '10

Q3 '10

Q4 '10

Q1 '11

Q2 '11

Q3 '11

Q4 '11

Q1 '12

Q2 '12

UK

29%

38%

15%

24%

19%

17%

36%

16%

27%

16%

23%

8%

10%

27%

GE

3%

1%

8%

12%

8%

10%

4%

3%

3%

2%

3%

4%

5%

4%

FR

20%

9%

5%

11%

10%

14%

10%

9%

6%

9%

8%

11%

20%

25%

SP

25%

33%

27%

21%

4%

25%

21%

25%

34%

33%

44%

29%

48%

43%

IT

16%

12%

25%

22%

14%

11%

11%

8%

26%

28%

25%

19%

38%

29%

14%

16%

6%

14%

22%

20%

17%

24%

25%

30%

31%

31%

NL © Arch-Vision, July 2012

13

Architectural design & Technology trends

1

Preface and Summary

2

1 2

Key findings Key finding

3 7

3

Future building volumes

32

4

Current situation and expectations

37

5

Impact economic situation

44

6

Architectural design & Technology trends

48

7

Results per segment

89

8

Appendix

97

14

Architectural design & Technology trends 

Each quarter, the European Architectural Barometer report focuses on a different topic that plays an important role for architects in Europe. In Q2 2012 the focus is on Architectural design & Technology trends.



The following topics will be discussed on the next pages:



Statements covering different aspects of the future development of the architecture and trends;



Expectations of the architects in different countries on the future usage of certain products. Will these products/ materials be used more, less or the same as now.



•

Expectation of usage of certain construction methods and insulation techniques.

The Architectural design and technology trends topic was surveyed by Arch-Vision in 2011. New questions were added to the topic this quarter.

On the following pages comparisons with the survey results from 2011 will be made where possible.

•

At the end of the chapter, detailed tables with the expected usage of the materials, construction methods and insulation techniques separately for single houses and apartments/office buildings will be also presented.

15

Architectural design & Technology trends Trend from wet to dry construction for inner walls expected. Renovation market will offer more challenges for the future 

Most architects confirm the tendency for more dry construction materials and

Statements

techniques to be used in new build 3

projects. The highest percentage of architects who strongly agree with this statement can be found in Germany (28%).



3

In the new build projects there will be more preferences for dry constructions for the inner walls, than for wet constructions

1

44

11

33

28

10

48

1 11

50

18

Nearly all architects believe that the

14 16

46 7

10 58

6

future fire and insulation performance regulations will not be based on the 2

qualities of the single materials, but on the construction as a whole.



The renovation market became more important for the architects in the last

13

Regulations regarding fire- and insulations performance will be based on the total construction and not on single material qualities

3

67 24

27

12

6

45

14

9

40 4

couple of years. They also expect that

6 51

11

5

the renovation market will bring them

68

8

the biggest challenges in the coming years in terms of architectural design.

12

60

1 11

For architectural design the major challenge in the coming decades lies in the renovation and not in the new build

6

32

21

31

38 2

13 52

8 23

© Arch-Vision, July 2012

2

25

62 51

15 12

16

Architectural design & Technology trends Many architects expect the usage of metal products to remain the same Metal



Among the metal products, steel will be

used more in Germany and Italy and

GE

aluminum and zinc in France.

FR

Perforated metal



German architects don’t expect to use

SP

more perforated metal, expand metal

IT

and metal mash. In the other countries

NL

these products will be used as often or even more often.

Expanded metal

Metal mesh

2011 2012 2011 2012 2011 2012 2011 2012 2011 2012 2011 2012

UK 2011 2012 GE 2011 2012 FR 2011 2012 SP 2011 2012 IT 2011 2012 NL 2011 2012 UK 2011 2012 GE 2011 2012 FR 2011 2012 SP 2011 2012 IT 2011 2012 NL 2011 2012

13 11 17 43 13 18 10

18 22 22 15 22 26 51

29 35 22 17 27

30 29 23 29 24

12 9 17 40 13 19 13 31 30 23

12 28 22 15 23 21 37 27

13 21

12 15 18 37

15 18 23 24

24 20 12 22

15 28 9 35 24 18 18 24

30 31 31 32 26 17 22 18

17 © Arch-Vision, July 2012

Results per segment

1

Preface and Summary

2

1 2

Key findings Key finding

3 7

3

Future building volumes

32

4

Current situation and expectations

37

5

Impact economic situation

44

6

Architectural design & Technology trends

48

7

Results per segment

89

8

Appendix

97

18

Results per segment



For eight key questions from the current measurement of the European Architectural Barometer, the results are divided by architects that realise most of their sales in the residential segment (0% – 30% non-residential), by architects that realise sales in both segments (31% - 70% non-residential) and by architects that realise most of their sales in the non-residential segment (71% - 100% non-residential).



As the table below shows, architects in the UK and Italy realise most of their sales in the residential segment. Architects in Germany get their sales mainly from the non-residential segment, and a great part of French and Dutch architects are mostly active in both segments.

Segment most active (n=1.200, single respons)

0 – 30% non-residential

51%

39%

33%

34%

52%

31%

31 – 70% non-residential

23%

32%

37%

36%

35%

41%

71 – 100% non-residential

26%

28%

30%

30%

13%

28%

© Arch-Vision, July 2012



The following questions are split per segment: 1. How did the turnover develop in this quarter compared to the previous quarter?

2. How did your order book develop in the this quarter compared to the same quarter last year?

3. How do you think your order book will develop in the next 12 months?

4. In which way do you experience the economic crisis in your company?

5. In which segment do you expect the consequences of the economic crisis to be the biggest?

6. Do you expect that your order book might be empty these coming 12 months?

7. What do you consider to be the biggest threat this year?

8. What do you consider to be the biggest opportunity this year?

19

Appendix

1

Preface and Summary

2

1 2

Key findings Key finding

3 7

3

Future building volumes

32

4

Current situation and expectations

37

5

Impact economic situation

44

6

Architectural design & Technology trends

48

7

Results per segment

89

8

Appendix

97

About Arch-Vision Background of the research Methodology Q2Q Barometer and Rolling Barometer calculation Expectations development projects, order book and turnover Questionnaire 20

Appendix Questionnaire – Standard (these questions are asked every measurement) 1. How many employees (in FTE) does your company currently have, including yourself? [if less than 2 FTE, end of research] 2. What is your position? [multiple answers possible] Manager/owner; Specifications writer; Interior designer; Architect; Architectural draughtsman; Constructor; Project leader; Other, namely... [if interior designer, end of research] 3. Are you mostly active in the segment housing, non-residential building or interior? [If interior, end of research] 4. Which of the following activities does your company normally do during an average project? [multiple answers possible] Design of the buildings; Construction calculation; Write specifications; Arrange the build contract; Management of the build project; Finance the project; Maintenance; 5. If your turnover should relate to housing and non-housing, what percentage of your revenue do you get from housing-related jobs?

6. [if question 3 non residential building] In which type of non-residential building are you mostly active? [multiple answers possible] Offices; Health care; Shops/retail; Government; Education; Industry; Hospitality 7. Are you mostly active in new build or renovation? New build; Renovation; Both as much 8. How many projects is your company currently working on?

9. How many of these projects did start in this quarter?

10. How did the turnover develop this quarter compared to the previous quarter? Increased by more than 5%; Slightly decreased (0-5%); Slightly increased (0+5%); Strongly decreased (between -5% and -15%); Stayed the same (0%); Very strongly decreased (>-15%) 11. What is the duration (in months) of your current order book? So how many months can you keep your current staff working?

12. How did your order book develop in this quarter compared to previous quarter? Increased by more than 5%; Slightly decreased (0-5%); Slightly increased (0-+5%); Strongly decreased (between -5% and -15%); Stayed the same (0%); Very strongly decreased (>-15%); 13. How do you think your order book will develop in the next 12 months? Will increase with more than 5%; Will decrease slightly (0-5%); Will increase slightly

(0-+5%); Will decrease strongly (between -5% and -15%); Will decrease very strongly (>-15%); Will stay the same (0%) 14. In which way are you experiencing the economic crisis in your company? [multiple answers possible] Fewer assignments; Smaller assignments, for many tasks they don’t ask us anymore; Assignments have been postponed until further notice; Discussion about rates and fees; No consequences experienced so far 15. How many projects have been postponed in this quarter?

16. In this quarter, how many projects were not started and cancelled?

21

Appendix

17. In which segment are the consequences of the economic crisis the biggest? Housing new build; Housing renovation; Non residential new build; Non residential renovation 18. Do you expect that your order book might be empty these coming 12 months? Yes; No 19. What do you consider to be the biggest threat this year? [spontaneous, multiple answers possible] No assignments; Price war due to increasing competition; Postponement of finance decision; No buffer to keep staff at work; Smaller assignments; Takeovers from architect companies; No threats; Other, namely

20. What do you consider to be the biggest opportunity this year? [spontaneous, multiple answers possible] Possibilities in new segments; Weakening competition; Impulse from government; Better financing conditions; Aging population; Durability; Renovation; Takeover other company; No opportunities; Other, namely

22

Appendix Theme questions 21. The following questions are about architectural design and technology trends in construction projects. I am going to read you a number of statements regarding this theme and I would like to ask you to indicate to what extent you agree with these statements. The possible answers are: agree strongly, agree, neither agree nor disagree, disagree or disagree strongly. [randomise answer options] 

Domotics/home automation will achieve a breakthrough in the next five years.



Façades will be more colourful in the future



In the interior of a building more soft and warm materials and colours will be used adversary to the minimalistic design.



In the façade of a building wood, brick and stone materials will gain ground from aluminium, concrete and glass.



In several years the labour market will shrink again, therefore prefab materials and fast processing products will be used more.



Nowadays you can create architectural good looking buildings with prefab materials as well.



The energy production of buildings will shift to more decentralised options such as solar power and cogeneration systems



Clients realize that a good sustainable design strongly influences the future value of the building and therefore they are willing to pay more for sustainable materials and sustainable feature of a building



From a sustainability point of view, I will actively monitor the BREEAM (or LEED, DGNB, HQE, etc) certification of my construction projects



Resilient flooring will take a larger share of the market, compared to textile flooring



The exterior design of the building is more important to me than the interior design



Sustainability is the most important theme when flooring is concerned



In general the trend towards conceptual and modular building is more realistic due to development of competences with contractors.



Within the next five years, we will see a trend towards using natural ventilation and shading instead of traditional air conditioning



Conceptual building decreases the amount of design freedom for architecture.



There is a tendency for more natural based materials like stone and wood.



More and more bathrooms are requested/specified with environmentally friendly (recyclable, water & energy saving) products’

23

Appendix 

Additional features of roofs - beside shelter - will become more important in the future (e.g.: CO2 reduction, reduction of nitrogen oxides, energy generation, contribution to indoor temperature in attics, ...)



Architects would appreciate a complete integrated system e.g. for roofs, which includes roofing materials, roofing components, solar, insulation etc. from ONE manufacturer.



Resilient flooring will become modular, using click systems without adhesives that are easy to install.



Interior design of buildings will take into account that living spaces are getting smaller.



Interior of buildings will be designed with ageing population in mind.



In the new build projects there will be more preferences for dry constructions for the inner walls, than for wet constructions.



Regulations regarding fire- and insulations performance will be based on the total construction and not on single material qualities.



For architectural design the major challenge in the coming decades lies in the renovation and not in the new build.



I see a great opportunity for modular concepts where free design is still possible with standard elements.



In the future flexible buildings will become more common. It is vital to be able to switch users and interior use throughout the building lifetime.



Insulation materials are becoming thinner, smarter and more sophisticated.



There is a tendency towards more custom made products than mass production in materials, ornaments and patterns for cladding, flooring and balustrading use.



Besides using 3D visuals to present my project, I do not see much value in BIM approach.



Using energy efficient solutions is my top priority, even if sometimes at the expense of creative design.



Including more glass in the envelope of the building is one of my design priorities.

22. I will read out a number of products. Given the current trends in single housing construction/ apartments and offices construction , please indicate for each product whether you expect to use it more, equal or less in the next five years in your projects. I will start with the first. Let’s talk about ... 

Façade: Bricks; HPL façade materials; Other façade panel material (than HPL); Ceramic façade tiles; Architectural glass; Concrete / Plasterwork



Metal: Perforated metal; Expanded metal; Metal mesh; Prepainted metal; Steel; Aluminium; Zinc

24

Appendix Theme questions (will be asked regularly but not every measurement) 

Roofs: Clay roof tiles; Concrete roof tiles;



Insulation: PUR/PIR insulation materials; Glass mineral wool; Polystyrene foams; Polyurethane foams; Stonewool; External Wall Insulation Systems



Bathrooms: Bathroom systems; Solid surface (non-ceramic) wash basins; Water & energy saving fittings (taps, mixers, showers, etc.); Ceramic bathroom products; Recyclable bathroom products



Flooring: Carpet (Textile floors); Linoleum floors; Vinyl / PVC floors; Flocked Floors; Wooden floors



Installation and climate control: Climate systems; Escalators and elevators; Solar systems; Plastic pipe systems; Mechanical ventilation; Blinds, screens and shutters; Lighting; Daylight solutions (roof windows, skylights, rooflights etc.); Noise reducing internal drainage pipe systems



Other materials/products: Plasterboards; Tiles (interior); Paint; Stone; Plastics such as PVC; Wood

23. Let’s talk about the three main types of insulation techniques. Given the current trends in single housing construction/ apartments and offices construction, please indicate for each type of insulation techniques whether you expect to use it more, equal or less in the next five years in your projects. 

Insulation techniques: Insulation Rolls; Insulation Panels; Blown insulation

24. Given the current building structure trends in single housing construction/ apartments and offices construction, please indicate whether you expect to use more, equal or less of the following construction techniques in the next five years in your projects. 

Construction techniques: Wood structure construction; Metal structure construction; Concrete block envelope; Prefab concrete panel construction; Concrete on job site; Brick cavity walls

25