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AFS ARCHIVES & MUSEUM 1993 WORLD CONGRESS
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Archives Director Bill Orrick attended the AFS World Congress in MUrten, Switzerland, which met from 10 to 15 October. Delegates who came from 51 cOllntries included AFS Driver-Trustees Ward Chamberlin (ME 37, CM 104, IB 59-T) and Edwin Masback (ME 37). Ward was asked to speak to the gathering on "Being an AFS Volunteer". Some excerpts from his speech: "It is great to be with all of you here at this World Congress and to talk with you about volunteers and volunteering and what it means to me and to the AFS .... I started in 1942 and I have been volunteering in the AFS ever since. Except for my wonderful family • my wife, our daughters and our grandchildren - the AFS has been the most
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consistent thread of what is getting to be a long life and it has been a strong, golden thread. When we came back from WWII and started the scholarship program, we, the AFS, had no money - only an idea and a leader. Little did we know the importance of what we were doing, what a worldwide movement we were starting. An IDEA, a LEADER and VOLUNTEERS. That was all we had, hut what a powcrful, irresistible force!. .• Steve Galatti was himself a volunteer. In those days after WWII he had no money himsclf, he workcd in downtown Manhattan until 3 p,m. whcn he stock exclmnge closed. Thcn he came to the AFS ollice worked usually through the evening .... Institutions are governed more by their history than wc realise. Each of you has a lot in common with those young Americans who in the summer of 1914, went to the American hospital in Neuilly, got in anything that could pass as an ambulance and drove to the battle of the Somme and brought french wounded to safety .... You are all part of that heritage, a heritage that moves not out of personal gain but to help others. We here are all volunteers. We have voluntarily given the AFS a part of our lives· of our own fl·ce will. Most dccisions in life are not made that way. Your parents tcll you where to go to school and after that our conduct is in a fairly narrow channel constricted by many factors. The AFS is our own choice .... Our program • based on preparing young people for global citizenship • is more important than ever. The end of the Cold War has let loose all kinds of animosities artificially held in chcck for decades. In these circumstances the AFS message becomes more important than ever. AFSers like myself who in a sense have gone before are proud of all you are now doing. Winston Churchill said it elolluently:
the trail of the past, trying to reconstruct its scenes, to revive its echoes and kindle with pale gleams the passions of former days. What is the worth of all this? The only guide to a man is his conscience; the only shield to his memory is the rectitude and sincerity of his actions...' The AFS is your shield of honor and mine and with it we need no other!!!"
AFS Archives had been asked to supply historical material for the International, Exhibit which was held on the third day of the Congress. Alan Albright, AFS US returnee and present member of the AFS /VSF Board in France, and Marianne Meyer, Swiss returnee and current member of the AFS International Board of Trustees, collaborated on the exhibit. Their introduction to the exhibit included these words:
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"Just as every AFS experience is a unique one, there are an infinite number of ways of presenting AFS's own history. We opted for a series of eight panels, each showing some milestones along the path of the endless learning experience known as AFS••. The exhibition aims only to open the door to more exploration of the often neglected historical dimension of AFS's cultural wealth, to raise awareness of our shared history and to provide materials for building new bridges. We invite you to discover various aspects of our common past and to consider how these relate to our current organization and activities."
The eight panels collages of photographs, documents, and memorabilia culled from our rich historical collection were titled: 1. ROOTS: The Violent Birth of Modern Nations; International Samaritans 2. BEGINNINGS: The First AFS Experience 3. INTERNATIONAL FELLOWSHIPS: The Widening of Horizons 4. VOCATION: Bringing the World Home 5. THE GOOD OLD DAYS:The American AFS
6. G ROW T HAM IDS T Internationalizing AFS 7. THE AFS WORLD 8. WORLD CITIZENS
C HAN G E :
Members of the AFS Archives Advisory Committee attending the Congress met on Tuesday 12 October to discuss future possibilities for your Archives. Those attending were Ward Chamberlin, Chairman, Alan Albright, Georg Broch, National Director AFS Norway, Ailsa Eckel, Director of International Development, Marianne Meyer, Ed Masback, William Orrick, and Russ Peppet, Chairman AFS USA Board.
At last the dates for our projected trip to Italy have been agreed upon. Present plans call for flying out of New York on September 30, 1994 and landing in Naples on October 1. Tentatively our itinerary will also include Salerno, Cassino, Anzio, Castel de Sangro, Orvieto, San Marino, Pisa, two days each in Rome, Florence, and Venice, and flying out of Milan on 15 October. Many drivers have expressed an interest in making this tour and we expect that more of you will decide to join us. Travel through Italy will be by chartered bus, hotel accommodations will be first class but not luxury; the same goes for restaurants. The cost has not yet been precisely figured but will fall within the $ 2,500 - $ 2,800 range. Dan Hastings, director of AFS Travel, who planned and organized the trip to France in 1990 and "10 Days in England" in 1992 is again in charge of all arrangements. Roberto
Ruffino, Secretary General of AFS Intercultura in Italy, offers the group the hospitality of his AFS organization along the line. An update on "Return to Italy" is forthcoming. [see Return to Italy Map for proposed trip site]
During the last year the Archives received and processed 27 accessions which ranged from WWI and WWII drivers personal collections to the visual and printed materials for the student programs. A rare commemorative WWI medallion presented to Richard Norton by the American Red Cross Ambulance sections, October 1914 - October 1917, was received as a result of exchange with a collector of WWI aviation memorabilia. The Archives are fortunate to have received a number of personal collections and historical items relating to AFS drivers service in WWI and WWII. Photographic donations include a WWI album of Edward Seccombe (depicting the WWI service of SSU 2 at Verdun in 1916) received from Seccombe's stepson John Reynolds (ME 37). Enos Curtin (SSU 2) sent in his WWI portrait taken in 1915, and WWI photographs of the AFS with the French Army were donated by WWII driver, David Briggs (ME 16, FR 4). "The AFS Letters of Oliver Wolcott to his mother Edith Prescott Wolcott" were recently given to the Archives by Oliver Wolcott J r. This fascinating collection documents Oliver Wolcott's service with AFS Section 2 in February - June 1916
and his friendship with Victor Chapman and Norman Prince of the Lafayette Escadrille. The AFS WWI administrative records (ambulance donor cards and Cartes d'Identite for "W") were donated by Andrew Gray, grandnephew of "Doc" Andrew; Gray also sent a diary of Lansing Warren (SSU 70). This diary describes Warren's flight from Paris during the "Phony War" of 1940. Warren, AFS WWI driver and author, was working at the Paris bureau of the "New York Times" when Germans invaded France in May 1940. Book donations include three titles from Alan Albright (member Board of Directors VSF/ AFS France) covering such diverse subjects as the biography of Dr. Thomas Evans (1983), WWI memoir of the U. S. ambassador to Germany (1917), and the history of the Friends Ambulance Unit during WWII (1947). The latter book contains reference to Martin Knowlton (Syria FF), who served with the F. A U. members while working with the HadfieldSpears Mobile Hospital in the Middle East in 1941. A very attractive book Beauport: The Sleeper - McCann House published in 1990 was received from Philip A Hayden, Henry D. Sleeper scholar. Henry Sleeper, who lived in Gloucester, Mass. was the chief fundraiser for the AFS in WWI. This Colonial house is one remove from "Red Roof', the residence of the AFS founder A. Piatt Andrew, and it was built between 1907 and 1934. Beauport, which began as a Queen Anne cottage, had become a 42 room mansion at the time of Sleeper's death in 1934. Beauport has been owned since 1942 by the Society for the Preservation of New England Antiquities (SPNEA) and is now a museum.
A book Armistice 1918: The Signing of the Armistice in the Forest Glade of Compiegne (1958) was donated by William Orrick, Director of the Archives, while Eleanora Golobic, Archivist, contributed a publication by Virginia Scharff, Taking the Wheel: Women and the Coming of the Motor Age (1991), which contains a chapter devoted to women ambulance drivers in WWI. An important collection of the late WWII volunteer, George R. Collins (ME 26) was give~ to the Archives by Mrs. Christiane C. Collins. This collection, spanning the years between 1941 and 1989, includes Collins's British helmet with camouflage net, trench shovel, German helmet, and the Dodge ambulance maintenance manuals. In addition Italian WWII poster collection and catalogues, obituaries of the AFS drivers, clippings on WWII history and the activities of the AFS Chapter in West Falmouth, Mass. are found here. The WWII artifacts collection of Paul C. Rodgers (ME 32, FR 8), 1943-1945 includes a British Army jacket with insignia and ribbon bar (Rodgers was married in this jacket after the war.), AFS WWII recruiting posters, a British drinking cup (given to Rodgers by Chick Squire in 1946) and the typed manuscript of The Saga of Section Six which is based on Rodgers's 567 Coy "A" Platoon Section experiences during the Italian Campaign. The Saga is going to be published soon and it will be available from the AFS Archives. Other WWII donations include an original painting of Harrod's Transit Camp by Ted Chapman (CM 88) given to us by Manning Field (ME 1, CM 86). Harrod's Transit Camp near Leghorn on the Ligurian coast in Italy was a location of
the AFS 567 Coy stop in March - April 1945 prior to the embarkation to Marseilles en route to Germany. John M. Day (ME 16) sent us a WWII record of his service with the New Zealanders in the El Alamein Battle of Oct.- Nov. 1942, and the clippings on the 50th Anniversary of El Alamein. John G. Wright (CM 40, FR 8) provided his 19431944 diary of the Italian campaign and a very moving 1982 retrospective (Wright returned to Italy and retraced the route from Ortona to Rome undertaken with the AFS in the spring of 1944). Photographic donations include WWII prints of the AFS 485 Coy in Syria and Italy 1943-1944 from Charles Lefferts (CM 41, IB 59) and a WWII photo of Oliver Barres (CM 47) taken in the vicinity of Cassino in the spring 1944. In addition Archives received WWII collection of AFS Letters from Holbrook R. Davis (ME 16). Norman Kunkel (ffi 5, CM 92-T) forwarded his war photographs recording the service in India-Burma 19431944 and Belgium-Germany in 1945 as well as a transcript of the Holocaust educational program (1993). This program produced with the collaboration of Mrs. Kunkel was recently presented in Seattle area. An album Page One: Major Events 1920-1983 as Presented in The New York Times ( 1983) was given by Fairfield Hoban (IB 57). The album contains reproductions of all pages with historical events which made the news. The Archives is also the recipient of visual and publicity materials connected with the AFS Intercultural Programs. Elaine R. Bailey, Mass. AFS representative has forwarded to us a collection of AFS publications, photo album, and printings dating from 1956 to 1964. AFS
West Chapter contributed several student and host family handbooks, rosters and booklets from 1957-1991. Arthur Howe (ME 2, former President of AFSIS) enclosed a memento of sailing trips of AFSIS - a streamer from the mls "Seven Seas". A photographic record of the AFS opening exhibit at Blerancourt 1989, drivers trip to France 1990 and England 1992, and the archival in-house exhibits and collections was donated by Eleanora Golobic. Donna Thompson, Archives Assistant also provided photographs of the Archives and our former location - 313 East 43rd Street. A note of appreCIatiOn to all participants of the AFS Drivers Trip to England who contributed photos from the trip. We put together a commemorative album of the trip and everyone is invited to come over to view it.
On April 22, 1993 the Archivist attended the official dedication ceremony of the U.S. Holocaust Memorial Museum in Washington, D.C. The U. S. Holocaust Memorial Museum is America's national institution for the documentation, study and interpretation of Holocaust history. The ceremony was attended by President Clinton and many foreign heads of state. In his speech at the dedication the President saluted Allied soldiers, resistance fighters and private people who "manned the thin line of righteousness, who risked and lost their lives to save others" as he hailed the Holocaust Museum as a sacred debt to dead. This
historic occasion was shared by two AFS WWII drivers, Norman Kunkel (IB 5, CM 92-T), who attended with Mrs. Georgie Kunkel, and Livingston Biddle Jr. (ME 32, FR 6). Mr. Kunkel, a AFS 567 Coy driver, was a member of the British Liberation Army who helped evacuate women at the Belsen camp. On Memorial Day 1993 the Archivist visited Wilderstein Preservation in Rhinebeck, N.Y. Located in the picturesque Hudson Valley, the Suckley mansion, Wilderstein, was built by Thomas Suckley in 1852. His grandson, Henry Montgomery Suckley joined the AFS in February 1915 and served as a Sous-chef with Section 3 in Alsace. In the fall of 1916 Suckley was sent to the Balkans as Commandant Adjoint of Section 10. He was killed at Koritza (Albania) in March 1917. After Henry's death the house belonged to his sister Margaret (Daisy) Suckley, who donated it to Wilderstein Preservation in 1983. Miss Suckley was a
cousin of Stephen Galatti's wife, Grace Sands Montgomery. The Suckley family collections preserved at Wilderstein include an extensive collection of Henry Suckley's uniforms and memorabilia.
UPDATE ON CURRENT VETERANS BILLS
AFS
In response to our request for support for bills H.R. 2697 (currently before the House Veterans' Affairs Committee)
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Last June the Archivist travelled to the present day "Red Roof', A. Piatt Andrew's residence on Eastern Point in Gloucester, Massachusetts at the invitation of Andrew Gray. This historic house of ltalianate style located on Cape Ann was built from 1902 until 1936. Andrew's personal collections devoted to the cultural and historical relations of France and America, war souvenirs, and mementos of the Field Service fill the house. The contents of the house are in as good condition as they were at the time of Andrew's death in 1936. For a photo of "Red Roof' see photo enclosure.
and S-1260 (currently before the Senate Veterans' Affairs r;;: Committee) a total of 76 drivers wrote to their Congressmen urging the passage of both bills. Jennifer Froistad, President AFS USA notified all 2200 chapters in the AFS Intercultural Program of the bills and asked AFS volunteers for their help in urging passage of the bills. AFS USA Directions of November 1993 also featured an article on Cliff Rissler (IB 31) titled "A Question of Fairness". It is the strong belief of AFS members that all AFS men should be granted veteran status. We ask you to support the bills which will provide AFS veterans and their families with their just benefits. Please write to your Senator or Representative if you haven't done so already.
DRIVERS CONFERENCES
AT
AFS
Norman Shethar (CM 53) gave a presentation at AFS Germany's Volunteer Conference in October. Shethar spoke about the spirit of volunteerism -- past, present, and future -- the AFS experience, international frontiers, and humanitarian concerns. His presentation also included
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AFS INTERKULTURELLE BEGEGNUNGEN e.V..... Mr.
Bill Orrick Director of Archives AFS !ntercultural Proara~s Fax: 001 212 6978982 October 6,1993
~his is to thank you wholeheartedly and on betalf of the Board ~or your assistance in identify~ng and proposing Norman She~har to us. We were privileged to have him speak at o~r Volunteer COIlf:rence la.'3'C weekend. Everybody was movt:d and impres$(:;uby his
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anniversary and to our th~~d anniversary of our Nar~onal U~ification Holiday. A special meaning, because ~he Ge~man par:icipants had the 0ppo1::t.uni ty to :'nteg1::at.ethelr German past once more lnto the:'r personal and historical experience. In addition, the specific message and spirit of AFS became c:ear through the very fact, that only three years after alnbulance drivers like Nor~an had been confronted with the consequences of Germa~ atrocities, AFS was willing to build bridges again and bro~ght the first two Germans to the U.S. Fo= Norman it must have been a very moving and emotional journey :nto the oast, but also :~to ~he future, b~cause he ~as able Lo see the e~thusiasm and sp~ri~ of tIle young German volunteers who made it clear to.hatthey stand for a diffe!e~1:' kind of C;err:l~lnv tha~ the one Norman found in 1945. Since we also had a nl.: .. we::: of international guests from the AFS world, who experienced Norman and were willing to accompany him to the 51 te of the forme~..concen t! ation camp of Bergen Belsen, they al so saw a Germany tha t does not. correspond with thf.! out.b'..::rsts of ;·;enopbobia c·: the last couple of rr,onths. Yo~r archivist's heart will rejo~ce when you tear, that because of Norman's v:sit, AFS w~:l now becc~e part o~ ~he docurne~ta~ion cen~er a~ Bergen Belse:·l. So far, P-.?S history at 3el::genB~lser~ was not docume!ited. Norrran will t.alk to you about it upon h1S return. Once more, thank you for all your assistance. Cord:'ally,
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a discussion of his driving assignment in Germany liberating inmates of the Bergen-Belsen concentration camp. Shethar's presentation induced a visit to the site of the Bergen-Belsen concentration camp and a association with the site.'s museum center authorities. [see letter from AFS Germany National Director Dr. Hanna B. Schopp-Schilling on pg. 7] Raymond Mitchell (ME 39) attended the 40th Anniversary of AFS USA's New Bedford, MA chapter. Mitchell spoke about the work of the volunteer AFS servicemen and the AFS exchange program. Both Ms. Froistad and Karin Eisele, member of the AFS Archives Advisory Committee, met with Churchill Peters (SSU 67) in October at his home in San Francisco. Peters remembered his fellow World War \ I ambulance driver Barclay Robinson (SSU 67). Both Peters and Robinson are mentioned in R. Nourse's book "With A Rooster on the Shoulder" published in 1966. Another prominent World. War I driver, Enos Curtin (SSU 2), attended the November 6th award ceremony for the Enos Curtin Scholarship at a meeting of AFS volunteer representatives in Warwick, NY. Mr. Curtin spoke at the meeting and greeted the scholarship recipient, Sunchai Hamcumpai, from Thailand. Sunchai is hosted by the Covert family in Suffern, NY. Earlier this year, World War II drivers attending a reunion organized by AFS volunteers in Colorado included Forest Williams (ME 37, IB 57), Dennis Weaver (ME 16, FR 4), and Robert Allis (CM 56). Both volunteers and drivers rejoiced in the memories of the exchange programs history and current operations.
AFS Archives & Museum is pleased to be included in various exhibitions and cooperations in the AFS world. Earlier this year we participated in AFS Australia's National Forum. The conference was attended by J ara Moserova, member of Czech parliament, ambassador to Australia, and AFS Czech returnee and Richard Spencer, AFS Intercultural President and Australian returnee, among other key AFS staff and volunteers. Selected materials from our archives collection included photos of Unit 32 (ME) in "B" Platoon, 485 Coy; scene before the final battle at Cassino, May 1944 at Variano; WWII shoulder flashes, ribbon, and a World War I certificate. AFS Australia's Pacific neighbors, AFS New Zealand also exhibited memorabilia from AFS Programs, World War I & II including photos of drivers awarded the British Empire Medal (1945). AFS Paraguay displayed World War I & II AFS related publications, among AFS Programs materials. AFS Turkey included illustrations of the AFS eagle, emblems, and logos. AFS Archives & Museum mounted an . exhibition of photographs, and memorabilia from the 1992 ''Ten Days in England" trip of AFS WWII volunteer drivers, at AFS headquarters. AFS Germany and AFS Archives & Museum have cooperated on such projects as the recent AFS Germany National Conference and a presentation by World War II driver Norman Shethar in October at the AFS Germany Volunteers Conference and celebration of AFS
Germany's 45th Anniversary [see Drivers at AFS Conferences]. As an outgrowth of AFS' historical association with BergenBelsen, AFS Archives & Museum is designing a memorial album to be presented to the museum center. A member of AFS Germany's national board published AFS World War I & II photographs in an article in their journal, Horizonte. At the Barker Center in Michigan City, Indiana, an AFS affiliated exhibit of memorabilia and photographs highlighted contributions of Catherine Barker Spaulding to AFS at its inception and during World War II.
In Christchurch, New Zealand, soldiers with the 8th Army, 5th ARCHIVES MAIL Field Ambulance, BAG held a reunion inviting participation by AFS World War II drivers. Although no AFS drivers attended, reunion committee members noted the telephone calls, and letters from Arthur Howe (ME 2), Jacob Vollrath (ME 8 & 16), William Pearmain (ME 16), George Lyon (ME 8 & 16, IB 54), and Harold Gilmore (ME 4) with heartfelt reminiscences of their experiences. Albert Schoenfield, a member of the 66th Fighter Squadron (US Army Air Corps) who served at the Battle of ElAlamein with the 8th Army, has recently written to us that he suspects he was transported from Barletta Hospital to Brindisi in an AFS ambulance (fall 1943). At this time, the American Field Service 567 Coy worked in Italy along the Adriatic coast.
We at AFS Intercultural Programs have lost one of our most distinguished predecessors and founders, Dr. Amos Wilder, who served in World War I in Sections 2 & 3. Widely known as a scholar and educator, Dr. Wilder was also a poet and minister. His latest book, which is about his AFS experience with particular focus on the Balkans, is being published by the Yale University Press. His famous younger brother is the American writer Thornton Wilder. Amos passed away on May 1st. A memorial service in Cambridge was held on June 21st, and attended by World War II drivers Arthur Howe (ME 2), and Edward Pattullo (ME 2).
Below are the names of drivers notice of whose death has reached us, some only recently. World War I Edward B. Blue TMU 526 Hans A. Bluntschli SSU 66 Paul Chappell TMU 526 Webber DeVore SSU 32 Charles Dudley, Jr. TMU 184 Thomas Calvin Jones TMU 526 Richmond Kenyon SSU 26 William W. McCarthy SSU 635 John CB. Moore SSU 9, TMU 526 Neil Petree SSU 10 Harold E. Purdy SSU 1
Eugene M. Smith TMU 526 Walker Smith SSU 19 Norman W. Van Ausdal TMU 184 Robert C. Wigand SSU 4 Dr. Amos N. Wilder SSU 2-3 World War II Prof. George R. Collins ME 26 Daniel M. Johnson ME 32, FFC, IB-T Chandler Keller ME 26, eM 93 Paul Kimball ME 16 Justus Martin, Jr. CM 100, IB 59-T Dr. Philip Nelson ~E D John (Jack) M. Nicholson, Jr. IB 1 Oscar Olesen ME 10, eM 55, IB 54-T Francis E. (Jack) Preston ME 26, IB 53 Ilmace B. Riley IB 57 MasolJ Parr Smith ME 37 August Thorndike III ME 5
Below is the list of AFS Volunteer Drivers whose mail has been returned fQr lack of good address, etc. If you know the whereabouts of any of these drivers, please let us know.
World War I Donald R. Baldwin SSU 68 Dwight B. Billings SSU 68 Freeman W Cook SSU 72 Frank G Fiedler TMU 184 Merrill C. Hask~ll SSU 68 Frank H. Kimber TMU 184 Sidney Doolittle SSU 68 Lauriat Lane SSU 9 Philip R. Morss SSU 3 William McKinley SSU 4 Arthur Meyer SSU 14 Samuel G.A. Rogers SSU 27 McNeil V. Seymour, Jr. TMU 133
World War II Wendell M Hastings FR 40 Edmund J. Spencer CM 53, IB 55
The enclosed mailing list is our best effort. . If you see errors or can make additions of names and addresses not included, please let us know.
lJir. AFS Archives & MuseulIl William Orrick Archivisl Eleanora Golohic Archives Assislanl Donna Thompson
The Janus AFS Archives & Museum Third Floor 221l Easl 42nd Slreel New Yllrk, NY 101l1?
USA
AFS Archives & Museum extends warm wishes for the holiday season!
Drayton M. Smith (ME 36, eM 99, IB 59·T) camouflages Anzio, Italy, February 1944
his ambulance
at a RAP near
Red Roof (interior), June 1993