


Hydropower, also known as hydroelectric power, is a form of renewable energy that harnesses the energy of moving water— typically from rivers or dams—to generate electricity. It is one of the oldest and most established renewable energy sources, relying on the mechanical energy derived from flowing or falling water to rotate turbines and activate generators. The core components of a hydropower system include a reservoir, turbine, generator, and a control system. Hydropower plants can vary in size and type, ranging from massive dam-based facilities (such as pumped-storage hydropower) to small-scale and run-of-the-river systems.
Hydropower plays a vital role in global energy infrastructure due to its reliability, scalability, and environmental benefits. It serves both as a primary source of energy and a backup for intermittent renewable sources like solar and wind. The sector continues to evolve, integrating digital monitoring systems and efficiency-improving technologies to optimize output and minimize ecological impacts.
The Global Hydropower Market was valued at US$ 255.7 billion in 2024 and is projected to reach US$ 336.3 billion by 2032, exhibiting a Compound Annual Growth Rate (CAGR) of 3.6% during the forecast period (20242032).
Key Statistics:
CAGR (2024–2032): 3.6%