Planting For Success

Planting for Success

As the world’s leading grazing forage genetics provider Barenbrug has a cool season pasture mix for your irrigated pasture needs. Grazing irrigated pasture is becoming more common in the western United States and Canada, and producers are turning to Barenbrug for their irrigated pasture needs. Barenbrug’s genetically superior grass provides outstanding productivity, rapid gains, high milk per ton, and a forage alternative for irrigated crop ground that reduces water needs and improves soil health while providing grazing opportunities. As industry leading livestock producers and farmers develop irrigated pasture programs, they are looking to Barenbrug’s world leading forage genetics for their irrigated pasture forage solutions.

Grazing irrigated pasture is an important method of providing forage for livestock in areas of low and unpredictable rain

When it comes to developing an irrigated pasture grazing program you seed what you get. Good grazing starts with great grass….if managed correctly your irrigated pasture will only be planted once and it will never be better than the forage genetics you utilize so plant the best, plant Barenbrug!

Contents

Water Requirement

When To Plant

Planting Windows

Planting Key Factors for Seeding Success

Why Seeding Depth is Critical Importance of Planting into a Firm Seedbed Using a Nurse Crop

When to Use a Nurse Crop

Planting Legumes How Much Seed to Plant

Where to Plant How to Plant

Soil Health & Fertilizing in Preparation for Planting Cross-Drilling

Irrigating a New Seeding Glossary Glossary

Recommended Resources Recommended Resources

typical of most of the western United States and Canada, where producers are increasingly looking for more productive ways to manage their challenging production environments. Producers are finding that utilizing irrigated pasture allows them to control when and how much moisture is applied minimizing the impact of unpredictable seasonal rain and drought. Being able to apply the correct amount of moisture exactly when it is needed is an enormous advantage for irrigated pasture providing greatly increased productivity.

This Planting For Success Guide is designed to provide key insights into how to utilize and manage perennial Barenbrug grass in an irrigated pasture setting to help your operation gain maximum value from Barenbrug genetics. Barenbrug’s objective is to help you successfully achieve your goals while using Barenbrug forage genetics.

Planting for Success

What to Plant

Barenbrug provides a variety of seed solutions to match your goals and needs ranging from limited irrigation to full irrigation applications. Remember, with irrigated pasture you seed what you get! Your pasture will never be better than the forage genetics you plant.

Selecting a Barenbrug Mix

When selecting a Barenbrug mix for irrigated pasture consider water availability and your production goals. For example:

• For limited irrigation situations of less than 30 inches of total water (rainfall + irrigation) - we recommend Renegaide or Barricaide, which also works well for pivot corners, field borders and buffer zones to keep the ground covered, minimize erosion, and run off, maintain soil biodiversity, and provide additional grazing or haying options.

• For applications of 30 inches or more of total water - we recommend StockMaster Pro, BeefMaster Pro, or DairyMaster Pro depending upon specific goals.

• In practical terms, this means:

• For pivots of over 400 gpm wells, or flood irrigation with 2.5 or more-acre feet of water we recommend planting StockMaster Pro, BeefMaster Pro, or DairyMaster Pro.

• For pivots of less than 300 gpm, pivots that share water, flood irrigation with less than 2-acre feet of water, or fields with low quality soil we recommend using Barricaide or Renegaide.

• For dry pivot corners or field barriers we recommend using Stockaide, Barricaide or Renegaide depending on your precipitation zone.

Planting For Success

When To Plant

• Cool season grass seed (i.e., Barenbrug Master Series & Range Shield mixes) begin to germinate when soil temperature reaches 42 – 45 degrees F, in the presence of adequate soil moisture.

• Time planting to correspond with optimal germination conditions should be a primary consideration when deciding when to plant.

Key Point:

Most moisture related planting failures occur because the seed was planted too late and missed a critical soil moisture window. With irrigated plantings this is less of a factor but planting late when soil moisture is depleted or when irrigation water becomes less available (e.g., sharing water across multiple pivots etc.) greatly increases the risk of failure. Planting a little too early is usually always better than planting too late.

Incorporating Legumes

• We highly recommend incorporating legumes whenever possible to improve season long forage yield, increase grazing performance, improve soil health and to lower the need for fertilization.

• Legume options include: Barenbrug AlfaBar (a blend of 3 grazing types of alfalfa), and Barenbrug ReNew (a blend of Barenbrug red & white clovers) are very good options. Producers are also using birdsfoot trefoil, sainfoin, common and hairy vetch, and cicer milkvetch with great success.

• Planting legumes using small box while simultaneously planting grass or inter-seed using no-till drill after grass establishment are commonly used methods.

Planting For Success

Planting Windows

There are up to three planting windows to plant Barenbrug seed depending on your location:

Late Summer/Early Fall (mid Augustmid September):

• Can be a great time to plant irrigated pasture since it provides minimal weed pressure, yet soil temperature is favorable for quick germination.

• Plant 6 weeks (8 weeks if also planting legumes) ahead of the first killing frost, which for most areas means planting by mid-September.

• Maintain soil moist after planting to encourage germination and to prevent crusting, but avoid standing water and mud.

Dormant

Seeding (late Octobermid February):

• Dormant seeding is a good option in areas with early spring rains.

• Time planting so that germination won’t occur until spring (i.e., plant when soil temperature is below and stays below 40˚F), but the ground is still workable.

• Goal is to have the seed in the ground ready to germinate once spring rains (or irrigation) arrive and soil temperature reaches +42˚F.

• Provides flexibility to plant during the less busy “off season” and allows planting to catch early spring rains and can help grass get a head start on weeds.

Spring

(March - April):

• In regions with consistent warming spring temperatures plant as early as you can get into the field.

• In regions with unpredictably large swings in spring temperature, wait to plant until soil temperature is consistently above 40˚F.

• Maintain soil moist but avoid standing water after planting.

• Plant at least 6-8 weeks ahead of summer heat.

Planting For Success

Planting Key Factors for Seeding Success:

1. Seeding Depth

For greatest success, use a planting method that provides a firm seedbed, good depth control to provide shallow ¼ inch (1/8 – 1/2 inch depending on soil type) seed placement, and firms the seedbed after planting.

• Using a no-till drill create minimal soil disturbance providing advantages in many situations.

• Using a Cultipacker Seeder (broadcast & roll) such as a Brillion are popular and effective methods.

• No-till air seeders and using a rolling then broadcasting and rolling after seeding have proven effective as well.

Key Point:

Planting to a depth of ¼ inch is ideal (1/8 – ½ inch). In sandy soil seeding depth should be increased to 3/8 to ¾ inch, to accommodate for how quickly sandy soil dries out. Planting shallow is critical because of the small size of grass seed means it has a limited amount of energy to support germination and emergence.

2. Seed-to-Soil Contact

A firm seedbed is critical since it provides good soil to seed contact

Key Point:

Planting into a very firm seedbed is critical to ensure good soil-to-seed contact. In many situations rolling the seedbed before and after planting will improve results.

3. Moisture

Adequate moisture is critical. Target 50% Available Water in the first 1-2 ft. of soil.

Planting For Success

Why Seeding Depth is Critical

Grass seed is very small and has limited energy for germination and emergence, which is why for most grass species a ¼ inch seeding depth is ideal. Shallower seeding, 1/8 inch can produce higher seedling vigor since a seedling doesn’t have to travel as far through the soil to reach sunlight, however, with all seeding but especially shallower seeding, it is important to keep the soil surface moist since if the surface is allowed to dry out it will lead to spotty germination. In soils prone to crusting such as clay soils, the crust that forms are usually about 1/8 inch thick and traps the seed in the crust or in the air space between the crust and moist soil underneath leading to poor germination and establishment. With crust prone soil it is important to either pre-water ahead of planting and then not irrigate until after emergence or maintain continuous light irrigation after planting during germination and emergence. If seed is planted deeper than 1/2 inch (expect in sandy soil) the newly germinated seedling will struggle reaching the soil surface and may exhaust its energy reserves just in its attempt to reach sunlight causing it to be highly stressed and more suspectable to damage. The one exception to this is planting into sandy soil where a seeding depth up to 3/4 inch is recommended in order to compensate for quicker drying soil.

Importance of Planting into a Firm Seedbed

Planting into a firm seedbed is one of the most critical factors, (along with seeding depth, and adequate moisture availability), effecting the success of a planting. A firm seedbed ensures even soil contact around the entire grass seed which provides the seed with greater access to soil moisture. Because grass seed is so small it has limited surface area making maximizing soil/seed contact critical to a successful planting. The rule of thumb to test if a seedbed is firm enough is when walking across the seedbed your boot should not sink into the ground. Rolling a field multiple times prior to planting may be necessary in some situations. Seeders that have a firm press wheel or use a cultipacker/roller mechanism after seed placement are highly recommended.

Seed Bed Too Soft

Proper Seed Bed

Planting For Success

Using a Nurse Crop

Using a nurse crop is NOT generally recommended since it increases competition for sunlight, moisture, and soil nutrients. In particular, shading by the nurse crop can greatly delay the establishment of the perennial grass. Keep these factors in mind when using a nurse crop:

• When possible, use a CoverGraze™ crop during the previous season ahead seeding the perennial seed. No-till planting into the terminated stubble often mitigates the need for a nurse crop. The CoverGraze crop can either be grazed or harvested as a feed source.

• Careful consideration of nurse crop seeding rate is critical. Limiting nurse crop seeding rate to keep nurse crop from smothering the newly planted grass is important. Keeping nurse crops seeding rate as low as possible is important.

• Harvesting the nurse crop in a timely manner is critical to avoid smothering the young perennial grass

• Given Barenbrug’s grass high seedling vigor a nurse crop isn’t usually needed, expect in conditions where high wind erosion is a concern or where an emergency forage source is needed.

• No-till planting into a residual mulch from a previous cover crop or cash crop such as wheat, oats, barley, rye, milo, millet etc. or a cover crop mix such as ryegrass, brassicas, legume, or an old alfalfa field is an effective way to minimize erosion while also providing good soil food web conditions that will protect the soil and help the grass flourish.

When to Use a Nurse Crop - Situations Where Using a Nurse Crop is Advised:

1. 2. 3.

Planting into heavy clay soils where crusting is an issue. The use of a nurse crop such as oats, will help push the crust up or crack the crust allowing the smaller perennials grass seedling a chance to break through.

In high wind erosion areas where it isn’t possible to plant a break crop the previous season ahead of planting the perennial pasture.

Situations where a forage source is needed while the perennial pasture is getting established. Although not ideal this can provide options in emergency situations.

Planting For Success

Planting Legumes

We strongly encourage incorporating legumes into an operations forage base. Legumes provide nutritional benefits for livestock, support soil health, and can stretch forage availability. There are three common ways to plant legumes with Barenbrug grass.

Planting pre-mixed within a Barenbrug Pasture Mix

• Barenbrug BeefMaster Pro and DairyMaster Pro already has legumes included in those mixes making it an easy and convenient way to plant legumes.

Planting Legumes Separately after the Grass has Established

• When a field has a known weed seedbank planting the grass first then planting the legumes after the weeds have been controlled is a viable option. Under this scenario it is important to graze or hay the grass heavily prior to planting the legumes so the legumes have a greater chance of accessing sunlight. Another trick is to plant the legumes at a 45-degree angle to the direction the grass was planted which minimizes shading by the grass.

Frost Seeding Legumes

• Frost seeding legumes by broadcasting legume seed in late winter or early spring, known as frost seeding, is an easy and inexpensive way to plant legumes. However, it can be risky in areas prone to variable spring temperatures warm days followed by a severe cold snap is especially damaging to newly emerged legumes which are highly susceptible to cold. To improve frost seeding success we recommend increases the legume seeding rate by at least 10%, and if possible, use some method such as hoof action from grazing livestock or a light harrowing to incorporate the seed.

Planting For Success

How Much Seed to Plant

Seeding Rate

The recommended seeding rate for Barenbrug seed mixes is 25 – 35 lbs. per acre which equates to around 18 – 20 lbs. PLS (pure live seed) per acre for most mixes.

• Heavier seeding rates, above 35 lbs. per acre can produce a thicker stand quicker, but keep in mind higher seeding rates require higher soil fertility, more frequent fertilization, and higher irrigation rates to support the higher seeding rate, and expense, which may be worth it under some conditions.

Where to Plant

• Fields that have been leveled for irrigation and rolled to create a firm seedbed often provides the best results.

• No-till inter-seeding into a thinning stand of Alfalfa or stubble from a previous crop can be effective toward retaining soil moisture and supporting soil microbial population making it a good strategy under certain conditions.

• Planting directly following row/cash crops can work under some circumstances:

• When planting following a cash crop it may be advisable to utilization a cover crop as an intermediate break-crop step ahead of planting the perennial pasture the following season to increase soil fertility and to break weed seed bank cycle.

• Consider herbicide usage during previous cash crop which may negatively affect grass growth.

• Direct no-till seeding into an existing pasture needing rejuvenating or into existing crop stubbles such as seeding into terminated millet, sorghum, sudangrass, or sorghumsudangrass stubble works very well and is highly effective in wind erosion prone areas.

Legume Seeding Rate

Barenbrug highly encourages incorporating legumes whenever possible. Some options & recommended seeding rates include:

• Alfalfa (e.g., Barenbrug Alfabar): seed at ¾ - 1.5 lbs. per acre

• Clover (e.g., Barenbrug ReNew a combination of Red & White clover) seed at 3 – 8 lbs. per acre

• Sainfoin: seed at 1 - 1.5 lbs. per acre

• Birdsfoot Trefoil: seed at 3 - 5 lbs. per acre

• Vetch (common, hairy, cicer milkvetch): seeding rate 3 – 5 lbs. per acre

• Any combination of the above.

Planting For Success

How to Plant

• Equipment – Barenbrug seed can be successfully planted using a wide variety of planting equipment. No-till drills, broadcast and culti-packing type seeders (e.g., Brillion), air-seeders etc. can all be effective ways to plant as long as the seeder places the seed at the right (shallow) depth, the press wheel adequately firms after seed placement, and they are used in an already firm seedbed.

• Seeder calibration is critical. Calibrating for both seeding rate and seeding depth are both important steps.

• Planting speed is a critical factor for most seeding equipment in order to achieve correct seed depth. Planting at too high a speed can cause bouncing with some types of equipment which causes inaccurate seed depth (either too shallow or too deep) causing skips within a seed row.

Soil Health & Fertilizing in Preparation for Planting

1. 2. 3. 4.

Soil Biological Health – ideally the soil the seed is being planted into already has a large balanced population of beneficial microbes. If there is any doubt concerning the biological health of the soil consider using an inoculant and apply a humate (e.g., humic acid, fulvic acid, compost, vermicompost, compost tea, compost extract etc.) at the time of planting. NOTE: Barenbrug’s Barricaide and Renegaide mixes are pre-inoculated.

Soil Samples - The best way to determine fertilizer needs at time of planting is from a soil test. Soil samples should be collected and analyzed well ahead of planting so fertilizer can be incorporated into the soil in advance of planting. It can take 6 – 12 months for soil amendments to be effective. The process of soil testing and adding needed soil amendments should start well in advance of planting.

Timing of Fertilization – Fertilizer should be applied well ahead of planting to ensure nutrients are available for the young plants. The need for early application is especially true for Lime or other amendments designed to buffer soil pH since that process take time

Soil pH – Soil pH of around 6.0 – 7.0 is ideal, however, amendments take time to achieve desired soil pH and therefore ideally should be applied at least the season prior to planting.

Cross-Drilling

Cross-drilling at a 45-degree angle to the direction of the first pass can be beneficial as it can often allow a stand to thicken quicker, but it requires ample resources (irrigation, fertilizer etc.) to support the closer plant spacing. This method is not recommended in situations where resources are more limited. Most stands will thicken within 2 or 3 years with adequate management without cross-drilling. This is especially effective for planting legumes at the time of grass seeding. Planting the grass in one direction and the legumes at a 45-degree angle from the grass planting direction provides the legumes with greater access to sunlight resulting in better establishment, this benefit can also be true for planting straight grass stands.

Key Point:

When inter-seeding legumes into an established stand of grass cross-drilling the legumes at a 45-degree angle to the direction the grass seed was planted is a good practice to help the legumes access more sunlight critical for successful establishment.

5.

Pre-plant Fertilization Rules of Thumb

• Fertilize according to soil test. 50 to 100 units, or more in some cases, of N may be needed at planting under certain soil conditions, however, lower rates are generally better (30 – 40 units of N) to avoid stimulating weeds.

• P, K & micro-nutrients are critically important and should be supplied when proven necessary by a soil test

• Calcium is a critical element for plants, especially young plants to support cell structure. Soils that are high in Mg are especially prone to Ca tie up. Base saturation levels of calcium, magnesium, potassium, sodium, and hydrogen all effect soil pH. As a result, soil can have a high pH and still have a calcium deficiency.

• Sulfur is important for forages to support protein formation inside plant cells. Most soils in the east are low in sulfur, while many soils in the west are often high in sulfur. A current soil test will help determine fertilization needs.

Key Point:

Phosphorus (P) is extremely important for root development and promoting seedling vigor. Even on soils that test adequate in P, addition applications of P fertilizer can sometimes improve establishment, especially if it can be banded below the seed in the drill row.

Planting For Success

Irrigating a New Seeding

• After planting keep soil moist but NOT muddy.

• In technical terms this means keeping Available Water (AW), (which is the difference between Field Capacity (FC) and Permanent Wilting Point (PWP)), around 50% in the top 4 inches of soil. Note: FC is the amount of soil moisture remaining after excess water has drained away; PWP is the minimum amount of soil moisture required to keep plant from wilting.

With soils prone to crusting either, keep soil moisture high enough to avoid crusting (i.e., > 50% AW) through continual light irrigation, or do not irrigate until grass has emerged, which will probably require a pre-irrigation.

• After emergence apply light frequent irrigations to promote root development

Key Point: Key Point:

Withholding water will limit root depth because roots do not grow in dry soil

• Do not over water. Standing water is detrimental to new grass because it deprives the roots of oxygen.

Glossary

Adaptive Multi-pasture Grazing or Adaptive Regenerative Grazing; (AMP) – a grazing management system that uses high livestock densities for short durations between long periods of recovery. The system is observation based instead of scheduled or prescriptive, rotating animals in response to how the land, grass responds not according to calendar or set duration per rotation.

Available Water (AW) - the difference between Field Capacity (FC) and Permanent Wilting Point (PWP) so that AW = FC - PWP where FC = the amount of soil moisture remaining after excess water has drained away and PWP = minimum amount of soil moisture required to keep plant from wilting.

Brix – an infield test that measures the number of sugars in the sap of a plant. Provides an indication of the health or stress level of a plant, including its susceptibility to stress (e.g., drought, heat, cold, pest etc.) and the nutritional quality of the plant for grazing livestock.

Carrying Capacity – the stocking rate that is economically and environmentally sustainable for a particular grazing unit for the entire grazing season.

Cow Head Days (see Head Days)

Dry Matter Intake (DMI) – daily weight of forage dry matter consumed as a % of live body weight. Generally, the higher the DMI the higher the grazing performance.

Energy Storage, Plant Energy Reserves – Healthy grass stores energy in the form of carbohydrates (sugar) in its basal stem (the first third of stem nearest the ground).

Evapotranspiration (ET) – daily amount of water used by grass.

Forage Availability or Forage Dry Matter Availability – The amount of dry matter forage in lbs. per acre that is available for grazing.

Forage Utilization Rate – the amount of forage in biomass that is utilized for grazing. Target utilization for irrigated pasture generally ranges from 50 – 60%.

Forage Utilization or Pasture Utilization – is the amount of biomass by weight that is removed by grazing. To simplify this many grazing managers equates this to a height, for example if initiating grazing when grass Is 8 inches tall and a 50% utilization rate is desired, grazing is stopped when grass is 4 inches tall. Note this isn’t a true representation of 50% utilization, however, it a sufficient and convenient method to use in the pasture.

Full Recovery – for grass to fully recovery after grazing it must be allowed to regrow to the 4th or 5th leaf stage which roughly equates to a height of 8 – 10 inches for most grasses.

Germination or Germination Rate – germination occurs when the certain biological process inside the seed begins. Seed germination occurs when proper soil temperature (42 – 45 degrees) for Barenbrug Master Series and Range Shield products.

Grass Anatomy:

Auricle – the portion of the leaf where attachment to the stem sheath occurs.

Leaf – the portion of the plant where most of the photosynthesis takes place.

Basal Stem - The bottom 1/3 portion of the stem closest to the ground.

Collar – the portion of the leaf that wraps around the stem. It is a primary means for identifying grass (along with leaf and seedhead characteristics).

Crown – the portion of the grass plant that is located in the basal stem and is responsible for developing the growing point and tiller buds.

Ligule – a small membrane found above where the leaf attaches to the stem sheath. It is a primary way to identify grass species.

Basal Stem – The portion of stem found in the immediate 3 – 4 inches above the ground.

Growing Point – the portion of plant where new leaves and eventually the seed head is formed.

Seed Head – The portion of the plant that forms at the top of the plant once the plant has reached the reproductive stage.

Grazing Capacity (or Capacity) – The historic number of livestock that can be grazed on an operation for a season.

Grazing Cycle – A full rotation across all pastures.

Head Days per acre – Number of head an acre of pasture will support for 1 day or the number of days 1 head can graze 1 acre.

Legume – legumes are plants that can fix nitrogen with their root through a symbiotic relationship with microbes. Alfalfa, clovers, vetch are examples of commonly used legumes for grazing. Note for legumes to fix nitrogen to things must occur, there can’t be an abundance of nitrogen in the soil or else the plant will simply use the available nitrogen and not create nodulation on the roots which is where nitrogen is fixed, and second Rhizobia must be present in the soil, or the seed must be inoculated.

Glossary

Management-Intensive Grazing (MiG) – An approach to grazing management which places an emphasis on heightened/ intensive management of the grazing system and the needs of the grass in order to optimize yield, productivity, pasture health and persistence.

NDF, Neutral Detergent Factor – a common measure of the amount of fiber used in feed analysis. It measures structural fiber (lignin, hemicellulose, and cellulose in a plant. It is used as a general indication of forage quality. In most cases the higher the NDF the lower the available energy.

Nitrogen Credit – is used to determine N fertilization rate. It assumes that a crop will need less nitrogen following the nitrogen fixing legumes.

Overgrazing – re-grazing a plant before it is fully recovered. It is usually a result of the length of time a pasture is grazed, and length of time between grazing events, i.e., how long before the pasture is re-grazed.

Paddock or Pasture – pasture and paddock are interchangeable terms which is a defined area utilized for grazing.

Pasture Monitoring – an evaluation process used to determine how pasture is responding to a management system.

Plant Tissue Test - A lab test conducted on submitted plant sample which indicates the nutrients contained within a plant. Provides as indication of how well the plant is able to access nutrients.

Pure Live Seed (PLS) – calculated from the seed tag by multiplying the germination rate by the seed purity. Note: most seed companies including Barenbrug state the industry minimum germination and seed purity. By contacting the supplying seed company and supplying the lot number (found on the seed tag) they will supply the actual seed lab reported purity & germination values.

Recovery Time or simply Rest – the period of time in which no grazing takes affect and grass is allowed to recover/regrow Residual Height – the height of grass immediately following grazing.

Rotational Grazing – a form of grazing management that rotates livestock across a series of pastures based on forage availability, forage preparedness to be grazed and other factors.

Rotation – the process of move grazing animals from one pasture to another.

Soil Test – A lab test that measures such things as soil nutrient level, pH, CEC etc.

Soil Food Web - The Soil Food Web is the interconnected relationships between plant, soil microbes and other soil organisms that are essential for healthy and productive soil.

Stock Density – number of head grazing a specific amount of land for a defined period of time.

Stocking Rate – a modification of carrying capacity to represent single grazing period (rather than season long which is the case with carrying capacity). Closely related to and often used synonymously with Stocking Density.

Tiller – Tillers are new stems that grow from the crown of a plant they are formed from Tiller Buds that form in the lower 4 inches of stem (basal stem) of bunch grass during the fall.

Tiller Buds – form in the fall of the previous growing season and become the tillers/new growth the following year. They form in the lower 4 inches of stem (basal stem) of grass during the fall.

Tissue Test – see plant tissue test.

Recommended Additional Resources

* Contact your Barenbrug representative or Barenbrug distributor/dealer with any questions; Bryan Weech, Barenbrug Market Development Manager, bweech@barusa.com, (M) 541-806-7333

Developing MiG Grazing Cells Under Center Pivot Irrigation, American GrazingLands Service LLC, www. americangrazinglands.com; (P) 208-876-4067

A Guide to Pipeline, Water Block, and Tire Tank Installation, American GrazingLands Service LLC, www.americangrazinglands. com; (P) 208-876-4067

Electric Fence Basics for Permanent and Temporary Applications, American GrazingLands Service LLC, www. americangrazinglands.com; (P) 208-876-4067

MiG Basics: Grazing for Pasture & Livestock Needs, http://argrazinglandscoalition.org/conference/2012/presentations/ gerrish_mig_basics_grazing.pdf

Books -

Management-intensive Grazing: The Grassroots of Grass Farming. Green Park Press, 2004

Kick the Hay Habit: A Practical Guide to Year-Around Grazing. Green Park Press, 2010 Videos -

MaiaGrazing Scholars - Grazing Management for Targeted Animal Performance, https://www.youtube.com/ watch?v=Oa0CshKMZFw

MaiaGrazing Scholars: Creating Excellent Pasture from the Soil Up, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=C34q58kJJjM

MaiaGrazing Scholars - Getting your Grazing Season Started on the Right Foot, https://www.youtube.com/ watch?v=Pn2ky0w4NUc

How Paddock Design Impacts Grazing, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=toms9g-qKio&ab_channel=MaiaGrazing

WBDC - 2015 Field Day - Gerrish - What Really Matters in Grazing Management, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_ hriuIvdrV0

WBDC - 2015 Field Day - Gerrish - Pasture Improvement: How Do You Know It Will Pay? https://www.youtube.com/ watch?v=IJ_1qGLRpqI

Get the Hay Out! Planning for Successful Year-round Grazing, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SD8uZSrVHnM

Wasting Grass, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7X_Bz91zWOw

Why You Should Be Out of the Hay Business, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1eiaaXmhOUU Management-intensive Grazing Systems, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=r4UWBcGz48g

Irrigated Pasture Guides, Books, Presentations & Articles: Pasture and Grazing Management in the Northwest, Ch 6 Principles of Pasture Irrigation; H. Neibling, M. Bohle, C. Falen University of Idaho Extension CIS 392, Southern Idaho Fertilizer Guide, Irrigated Pastures by Glenn Shewmaker, Jason Ellsworth, and Scott Jensen; https://www.extension.uidaho.edu/publishing/pdf/cis/cis0392.pdf Irrigated Pastures for Grass-Fed Beef, Managing Irrigation for a Quality Product; Robert Scriven, Grazing Consultant, Kearney, NE; http://www.ncrcd.org/files/1613/8082/3044/Irrigated_Pastures_for_Grass-Fed_Beef.pdf

UNL Beef; Guides on Perennial Grass Irrigated Pasture; https://beef.unl.edu/perennial-grass-irrigated-pasture NRCS, Pastures for Profit: A Guide to Rotational Grazing (A3529); https://www.nrcs.usda.gov/Internet/FSE_DOCUMENTS/ stelprdb1097378.pdf

Colorado State University, Management-intensive Grazing (MiG) on Irrigated Pasture; https://extension.colostate.edu/topicareas/agriculture/management-intensive-grazing-mig-on-irrigated-pasture-0-571/

Video: Perennial Forages for Irrigated Pasture 1; UNL BeefWatch; https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_SfGrpdTvlI&ab_ channel=UNLBeefWatch

Video: Establishing Irrigated Pasture 2; UNL BeefWatch; https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=woCOzKthP-k&ab_ channel=UNLBeefWatch

Video: Fertilizer and Water Management for Irrigated Pasture 3; UNL BeefWatch; https://www.youtube.com/ watch?v=g8nYIzYUXAc&ab_channel=UNLBeefWatch

Jim Gerrish

Jerry Volesky

Recommended Additional Resources

Volesky

Video: Grazing Management of Irrigated Pasture 4; UNL BeefWatch; https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=A9tYLRM5y74&ab_ channel=UNLBeefWatch SD8uZSrVHnM

Frank Hendrix

Video: Irrigated Pasture Management to Lengthen the Grazing Season, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_ h9b2vdc3QU&ab_channel=WSUCAHNRS

Article: Irrigated Pastures for Livestock, Cattle Producers Handbook; Frank Hendrix, Washington State University; https:// s3.wp.wsu.edu/uploads/sites/2083/2020/07/CATTLE-PRODUCERS-HANDBOOK-Irrigated-Pastures-for-Livestock-Grazing.pdf

Allen Williams

Video: Intro to Adaptive Grazing - Part 1: Introduction to Adaptive Grazing w/ Dr. Allen Williams, https://www.youtube. com/watch?v=AKIUxureqvM

Video: Intro to Adaptive Grazing - Part 2: Principles & Practices of Adaptive Grazing w/ Dr. Allen Williams, https://www. youtube.com/watch?v=7lcXWNO2Ero

Video: Intro to Adaptive Grazing - Part 3: Implementing Successfully w/ Dr. Allen Williams, https://www.youtube.com/ watch?v=7McbvDrJyu0

Jim Gerrish, American GrazingLands Service LLC, www.americangrazinglands.com; (P) 208-876-4067

Allen Williams, Understanding Ag, https://understandingag.com/ Dallas, Mount, Ranching for Profit, https://ranchmanagement.com/about-rmc/ Lost Rivers Grazing Academy; https://www.uidaho.edu/cnr/rangeland-center/projects/lost-rivers

Grazing Consultants, Mentors, and Training: Suggested Resources on Soil Health, Soil Food Web, Water Infiltration Rate, Brix Test, and Regenerative Agriculture:

Nicole Masters, Integrity Soils, https://www.integritysoils.co.nz/; author of book: For the Love of Soil; Strategies to Regenerate Out Food Production Systems

Dr. Jill Clapperton, Rhizoterra, https://www.rhizoterra.com/ Dr. Elaine Ingham, Soil Foodweb Lab, https://www.soilfoodweb.com/ Dr. Christine Jones, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=V4uVKIGBk2s

Ray Archuleta, Soil Health Academy, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Fwv-HJnGHMA

Book: Teaming with Microbes. Jeff Lowenfels & Wayne Lewis; Timber Press TSU Extension: Soil Health - Measuring soil infiltration rate. https://youtu.be/9KSdTFHA_E4

NutriSoil: Ask a Farmer - Brix Test. https://youtu.be/DukeLLc5LB4

For questions about this guide or any other question about Barenbrug forages for irrigated pasture contact: Bryan Weech, bweech@barusa.com, (M) 541-806-7333

(c) 2021, Barenbrug USA All rights reserved

Jerry