Child Labor

Surname 1 Child Labor Table of Contents Chapter 1: Sectors in Which Child Labor is Rampant Chapter 2: Causes of Child Labor Chapter 3: Ending Child Labor Glossary

Surname 2 Chapter One Sectors in Which Child Labor is Rampant Child labor remains an endemic problem in the international system, calling for governments and private sectors' concerted effort to eliminate it. Child labor manifests itself in various ways that perpetuate the exploitation of children in their daily life.

Farming Farming activities are one major area where child labor is practiced, especially in the third-world, where children of school-going age work on farms to support themselves and their families. Child labor is usually practiced in labor-intensive farming activities. Labor-intensive farming activities are synonymous.

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Industrial Sector Children are also employed in factories that are labor-intensive to provide cheap labor.

The problem of child labor in the sector started during the industrial revolution, where children as young as five were recruited to perform a wide range of duties. Most importantly, children employed in industries are poorly paid, mentally tortured, abused, and exposed to hazardous material.

Moreover, as seen in the story of Iqbal Masih, a young boy that was sold into slavery at the age of 4, industrial sector also perpetuate child enslavement for economic purposes. Children who are sold into salvery are exposed to exploitation, torture, and orther degrading experiences.

Iqbal was exposed to hazardous working codition at a tender age. Although he managed to run away from capativity and run anti-child labor campaign, his life was cut short by what is believed to be pro-child labor forces that saw him as a troublesome.

Domestic Workers In the third-world, domestic workers, especially those performing household chores and outdoor activities such as herding animals, attract child labor. Natalia Calahumana, a Colombian girl, was lured into slavery on the pretext of finding a job. Many children are forcible or voluntarily employed to work in homes as domestic workers. Some are paid, while others like Calahumana are not paid. Subsequently, the household sector contributes to the problem of child labor across the world.

Chapter Two Causes of Child Labor

Surname 4 Child labor remains an endemic issue in the international system because factors that impact it remains prevalent in society. The problem can be solved by looking at the factors that perpetuate it, which should be dealt with from the base rather than the top. The causes of child labor are incredibly diverse and broad, making it hard to combat the problem effectively. Child Labor is caused by: Extreme poverty Poverty in third-world countries makes it hard for families to meet their needs, including fulfilling basic needs such as food, shelter, clothing, and education for their children. Children are forced to look for alternative income sources to support their families or fend for themselves.

Child labor is high in Latin America, Africa, and Asia because of poverty rates in these regions.

Limited access to free and compulsory elementary education Education is one of the crucial pillars in developing a child. Schools help to keep children away from the risks of falling into the trap of child labor. However, in most third-world countries, education is not free or accessible because of the poor economic status of the countries and bad governance. Consequently, limited access to primary education continues to be a factor in child labor.

Inadequate Laws and enforcement challenges Child labor is very rampant in countries that have weak laws and systems of protecting children from exploitation. In countries such as Nepal, the minim age for most works is 14, but this limitation does not apply to plantation farming and brick kilns. The inadequate law allows children to be work or be exploited for economic purposes.

Absentee Parents and Orphanage

Surname 5 Children lead a better life when they have parents around to provide for their needs and protect them where necessary. Parents' absence because of work-related issues or death exposes children to risks of exploitation and child labor. In Asia and Africa, it is common to find orphans working to support families or being removed from school to take care of their guardians’ children.

In a nutshell, child labor causes are diverse and complex, making it hard to combat the problem across the globe effectively. Countries have varying laws that define the minimum age for employment and also exemptions. Also, they are not on the same level of economic development, creating variances that are unique and complex for implementing universal rules and regulations to curb child labor.

Chapter Three Ending Child Labor The problem of child labor affects developed and developing societies, which makes it a global concern. The efforts to combat the vice must be improved to ensure that existing loopholes are sealed and children secured from the fangs of exploitation and insecurity. All over the world, the government and the private sector are trying to ensure that children's welfare is improved, but much needs to be done to achieve more.

Tightening laws banning child labor Strong punishment of persons and organizations that are found to promote child labor is needed to step up the efforts to save children from exploitative labor practice. The problem of child labor is not given much attention in most third-world countries, as previously seen in Nepal, where the laws are too weak to end child labor. The international community should work with governments to ensure that there are universal labor rules and regulations.

Surname 6 Strengthening enforcement of laws on Child labor One of the major problems in fighting child labor in the third-world is government agencies' slackness in enforcing the law in letter and spirit. Countries have good laws but with poor implementation, allowing room for child labor perpetuation with impunity. Children who should be in school work on plantations, in mines, and factories at the expense of their education, health, and general growth. The problem cannot be resolved when the law enforcers are accomplices. The laxity on the part of law enforcers is caused by corruption and a general lack of interest because of local factors that make child labor part of everyday life.

Poverty Eradication Child labor is hardly experienced in developed societies because families and the government have enough resources to give children better living conditions. The economic empowerment of third-world countries will help to eradicate child labor across the world significantly. Low-income families can be allowed to improve their income sources to secure the lives of the young ones. Once a family is financially stable, the focus turns to giving children the best education and securing their future. In the long run, child labor is reduced and ultimately eliminated.

Encourage Anti-Child Labor Activism The degree of child labor in the third world calls for non-state actors to take a leading role in sensitizing society about the dangers of the vice to children's welfare. In third world societies, the use of child labor in agriculture is normalized. Iqbal Masih, a young Pakstani boy did much on sentization of the society on child labor when he was alive and after his murder. His activism demonstrates the the diection the society ough to take to fight child labor. Therefore,

Surname 7 encouraging strong anti-child labor activism in countries and regions affected more by child labor will help fight the vice and protect millions of children from exploitation.

Surname 8 Child Labor Glossary Anti-child labor – opposition to exploitation of children for economic reason.

Child Labor - any work that is harmful to children, mentally, morally, socially, or the general development and welfare.

Children Welfare-safety an dinterests of the underge in all aspects of life.

Dropping Out Of School- a learner discontinuing his of her education for whatever reason.

Exploitative Labor Practice- Way of mistreating laborers.

Industrial Revolution- a period of e transition to new modes of manufacturing processes.

Universal rules-laws that are acceptable and applicable in all countries.

Weak laws - are rules and regulations that are not strong enough to achieve their supposed objectives.