Psychological Disorder: Obsessive Compulsive Disorder

1 Psychological Disorder Name the disorder Obsessive compulsive disorder Who is most diagnosed with the disorder?

OCD affects the female gender more than the male gender in adults and more males than females in childhood (Fawcett, Power & Fawcett, 2020). It occurs in all ages and diagnosed mostly in childhood, late adolescent or early adulthood. 75% of OCD cases have an early onset of earlier than 25 years and 15% of the cases develop later than 35 years of age. Most of the affected adults first experienced the symptoms in childhood.

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2 How prevalent is the disorder in society?

Globally, it has an estimated prevalence of 1.5% in men and 2.0% in women. In the US, it affects 2.2 million adults which is equal to 1.0% of the US population (Ruscio, Stein, Chiu & Kessler, 2016).

What are the symptoms of the disorder?

OCD is characterized by intrusive thoughts, images and urges that are obsessive and cause anxiety, distress or the need to repetitively engage in certain mental or behavioral acts.

Obsessions and compulsions are the main defining characteristics of OCD. Obsessions are unwanted thoughts and urge that lead to compulsion, which is evident through repetitive or ritualistic acts done to minimize distress.

Is the disorder hereditary?

Heredity in OCD is unclear. However, family history is considered a risk factor for developing the condition. First degree relatives of an affected individual are five times more likely to have the disorder than those without (Spielman, Jenkins & Lovett, 2020). This suggests the potential involvement of some genes that regulate the function of neurotransmitters involved in OCD. What do you think about the disorder based on your research?

OCD is causes obsessive compulsions that drives a person to repetitively perform some tasks. In as much as family history is considered a risk factor, there is need to address other issues that can contribute to OCD such as conditioning for its prevention and treatment. I think that the environment in which a person is brought up contributes significantly to the development of OCD.

3 References Fawcett, E. J., Power, H., & Fawcett, J. M. (2020). Women are at greater risk of OCD than men: a meta-analytic review of OCD prevalence worldwide. The Journal of Clinical Psychiatry, 81(4), 0-0. https://doi.org/10.4088/jcp.19r13085 Ruscio, A. M., Stein, D. J., Chiu, W. T., & Kessler, R. C. (2016). The epidemiology of obsessive-compulsive disorder in the National Comorbidity Survey Replication. Molecular psychiatry, 15(1), 53-63. https://doi.org/10.1038/mp.2008.94 Spielman, R. M., Jenkins, J. W. & Lovett D. M. (2020). Psychology 2e. OpenStax, Houston, TX.