Motivation and Culture

MOTIVATION AND CULTURE

CULTURAL DIFFERENCES • Cultural differences are the result of practices, belief systems, and values that occur as a function of age, gender, and other aspects of identity.

• Importance of cultural differences in the organization:  Demonstrate an organization’s diversity

Improve an organization’s efficiency Allow an organization to benefit from multiple perspectives

EXAMPLES OF CULTURAL DIFFERENCES IN THE WORKPLACE • Generational Differences • Ethnic Differences • Gender Differences

GENERATIONAL DIFFERENCES AND LEADERSHIP STYLES • GENERATION Xers and Baby Boomers  Value honesty Likely to rely on transactional leadership Less likely to change employees • Millennials and Generation Z  Constantly seek affirmation Likely to rely on collaborative leadership

ETHNIC DIFFERENCES AND LEADERSHIP STYLES • Cultural norms and one’s environment affect leadership styles.

• People from certain ethnic backgrounds are likely to have certain primary leadership styles.

• Cultures differ with respect to how one wields and applies their power.

CULTURAL DIFFERENCES AND LEADERSHIP STYLES • Women

• Men

 Democratic leadership

 Autocratic

Participatory

Goal-oriented

Interpersonal

INTERCULTURAL DIFFERENCES • Develop a a singular and uniform approach to leadership in the organization. The company maintains a certain element of consistency Employees in the organization will not have the sense that they are subject to different types of treatment.

• Involve all members of staff in crafting a company leadership policy that will be best-suited to the circumstances.

HOW TO PREPARE EXPATRIATES FOR OVERSEAS ASSIGNMENTS • Empower the expatriate to expect to encounter challenges while overseas.

• Give the expatriate sufficent time to conduct research into the new culture.

• Create clear instructions on what to do when an expariate encounters challenges while overseas.

CONCLUSION • CMA needs to revisit its ethos and vision for the future.

• Employees’ views and insights should be incorporated in CMA’s future operations.

• A company is only as good as its employees.

• Having a diverse employee base will increase a company’s operations.

REFERENCES • Jones, J. S., Murray, S. R., & Tapp, S. R. (2018). Generational differences in the workplace. Journal of Business Diversity, 18(2). https://doi.org/10.33423/jbd.v18i2.528.

• Subramanian, K. R. (2019). Cultural differences and perception of fairness in organizations. International Journal of Research in IT and Management (IJRIM), 9(1), 8-17. http://euroasiapub.org • Tan, M. H., & Adams, D. (2018). Malaysian student leaders' perception of their leadership styles. International Journal of Innovation and Learning, 23(3), 368-382. https://doi.org/10.1504/IJIL.2018.091094