Multicultural Patient Education Questions

1 Multicultural Patient Education Questions 1. Multicultural Communication Multicultural communication refers to interacting and sharing information between different people, demonstrating respect for cultural diversity. This mode of communication integrates the dynamics of communication across diverse cultures. The origin of multicultural communication dates back many years when people started migrating to different geographical regions. The factors that led to migration include trade, wars, diseases, famine, and the search for agricultural land and other economic resources. Despite migrating and interacting with members of different cultures, most people prefer to maintain their cultural roots and language.

Consequently, people embrace a communication approach that, besides passing the intended message, upholds the cultural values of the other parties.

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2 2. Comparing Culture, Ethnicity, and Acculturation Culture refers to the social forms, beliefs, religious views, accepted behaviors, and the typical features of daily existence shared by people within a specific region. Culture defines the way certain people live, think and act (Ting-Toomey, 2018). It differs from ethnicity, which is defined as the state of belonging to a particular social group. The social groups have a common cultural tradition or nationality. On the other hand, acculturation refers to assimilating to a dominant culture different from the traditional culture of a person (Benet-Martinez & Hong, 2015). It involves embracing the cultural values, language, and practices of a different culture.

3. The Impact of Religious and Cultural Differences on Health Care Professionals Cultural competence is an essential skill for healthcare professionals working with people from diverse cultural backgrounds. These skills enable professionals to deliver quality care to target groups. In some situations, cultural and religious differences affect nursing practice (Ackley et al., 2019). For instance, men from certain ethnicities, especially the East, demonstrate reluctance while serving female care providers. Certain cultures do not allow younger women to touch men. Such beliefs make it hard for female nurses to offer suitable care to elderly male patients. Language barriers might also affect healthcare delivery to immigrants and ethnic minorities (Ackley et al., 2019). In such situations, care providers are forced to use interpreters to pass crucial messages to the patients.

4. Family Culture’s Impact on Patient Education Patient education is influenced by various factors, including family culture, personal and socioeconomic factors. Family culture could affect a patient’s receptivity to education and the willingness to comply with the clinician’s instructions (Urheberrecht, 2021). Patients may consider certain instructions as contradictions to their lifestyles and culture. In such situations,

3 the patients may be reluctant to incorporate healthcare information into their lifestyles. Some cultures may also hinder patients from actively participating in the care process (Urheberrecht, 2021). For instance, some cultures do not allow people to question their leaders. Therefore, patients from these cultures may not question the care provider’s instructions even if they disagree.

5. Approaches that Health Care Professionals Use to Address Religious and Cultural Diversity Healthcare providers acknowledge that cultural diversity is a crucial element of the healthcare system. Galanti and Woods (2018) noted that health care professionals could utilize various approaches to address issues emanating from religious and cultural diversity. These approaches include using interpreter services to ensure the patients understand critical healthcare information. Using community health workers and recruiting staff from different communities also helps address cultural diversity challenges (Galanti & Woods, 2018). Importantly, professionals incorporate certain practices, values, and culture-specific attitudes into treatment plans.

6. Types of Illiteracy Illiteracy is defined as the lack of knowledge in specific subjects. In healthcare, illiteracy describes the lack of knowledge on vital health issues. The major types of illiteracy include functional, critical health, cultural, and interactive health illiteracies. As denoted by Okan et al.

(2019), functional illiteracy refers to insufficient writing and reading skills. Interactive health illiteracy, on the other hand, refers to poor cognitive and literacy skills. These skills are essential for interaction with health care professionals and other parties within the healthcare sector

4 (Logan & Siegel, 2017). Critical health illiteracy is defined as the inability to evaluate information and make an accurate decision.

7. Illiteracy as a Disability Health care professionals consider illiteracy a disability attributable to a learning disability, mental health disorders, or physical health issues. These health challenges negatively impact major life activities such as reading, writing, decision-making, and communicating.

8. Myths on Illiteracy The common myth about illiteracy is that people who demonstrate illiteracy are not intelligent. This belief is not true since people with different illiteracies are equipped with high skills in other areas. In an attempt to hide their illiteracy, they develop useful skills in various fields. It is also mythical that illiterate people bear illiterate children (Okan et al., 2019). Children have a higher chance of developing essential life skills if provided with social and moral support during early childhood education. Another myth is that dyslexia leads to illiteracy. Although individuals with dyslexia experience challenges in reading and writing, they can accomplish these tasks.

9. Assessing Literacy Skills Professionals use different approaches to assess an individual’s literacy. These approaches include informal and formal assessments, diagnostic and screening tests, summative and formative approaches. These assessment tools generate valid details regarding an individual’s ability to perform literacy-related tasks such as reading and writing. The assessment also helps determine if individuals have underlying conditions affecting their literacy level (Logan & Siegel, 2017). Evaluating written material for readability enables professionals to ascertain an individuals’ comprehension of written information.

5 10. Establishing Effective Communication Healthcare professionals establish effective communication by using simple language understandable by the clients. They avoid complex medical terminologies that are commonly used by the medical fraternity. Notably, health care professionals use interpreters to increase their client’s understanding of health care information (Wittenberg et al., 2017). Clinicians also communicate precisely and clearly besides engaging clients in healthcare activities.

11. Helping Patients Remember Instructions Wittenberg et al. (2017) noted that clinicians employ various strategies to help patients remember post-visit instructions. These strategies include sending notifications, writing treatment schedules, creating routines, confirming understanding, and following up with clients.

6 References Ackley, B., Ladwig, G., Makic, M., Martinez-Kratz, M., & Zanotti, M. (2019). Nursing diagnosis handbook e-book: an evidence-based guide to planning care. Elsevier Health Sciences.

Benet-Martinez, V., & Hong, Y. (2015). The Oxford handbook of multicultural identity. Oxford University Press.

Galanti, G.A., & Woods, M. S. (2018). Cultural and religious sensitivity: A pocket guide for health care professionals. Joint Commission Resources https://www.euromedinfo.eu/impact-of-culture-on-patient-education-introduction.html/ Logan, R. A., & Siegel, E. R., (2017). Health literacy: New directions in research, theory, and practice. IOS Press Okan, O., Bauer, U., Levin-Zamir, D., Pinheiro, P., & Sørensen, K. (2019). International handbook of health literacy: Research, practice, and policy across the lifespan. Policy Press.

Ting-Toomey, S. (2018). Communicating across cultures. GUILFORD. Urheberrecht (2021). Impact of culture on patient education. https://www.euromedinfo.eu/impact-of-culture-on-patient-education-introduction.html/ Wittenberg, E., Ferrell, B., Goldsmith, J., Smith, T., Ragan, S., & Handzo, G. (2017). Textbook of palliative care communication. Oxford University Press.