ARMAGH MISCELLANEA
VOL. 22
Early References to Mills in Co. Armagh
Notes from Rocques Map of 1760
Coote's Survey of 1804
Notes from Stuart's Armagh, 1819
Ordnance Survey Sheets (Notes from)
Industry in Co. Armagh in 1888
Land Utilization, 1888
Armachiana Vol.22
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Armagh County Museum - ARMCM.28.2014.51
The contents of these volumes labelled Armachiana are simply notes for talks to local and visiting societies in search of material relating to its historical background and ancient monuments. They are not of any great importance but may provide a guide to students seeking data on the c ounty generally or on their own districts i n particular .
~y REFERENCES TO MILLS IN CO. ARMAGH,
Carew's Report of 1611 mentions no mills as regards Plantation Manors in Co. Armagh. Pynnar's Survey ma~e between December 1618 and March 1619 notes - in o•Neiland Barony -
Two water mills and a windmill, allfor corn, on the Brownlow estate.
Two water mills and a windmill on the Cope estate.
No mills appear in above records for Fews and Orior but a report of three years later shows in 0 1 Neiland that on the Brownlow estate a village of 40 houses had been built on both sides of the main street'in which a good windmill standsu.
Other entries listed in
o•Neiland Barony -
A water mill at Kernan on Lord Grandison's proportion.
A good windmill on the Cope proportions in o•Neiland Barony.
Two watermills under one roof, Estate of Lord Grandison, at Ballymore.
The Fews barony was completely deficient in such amenities in 1622.
\0--LL ~o n cai ·1 i1n or-. na tion 011 " ills • 1_ tanyards and 1:1n· -.leri es bu..:..l t b Pl antation se ··l,l\,;r s .
S~e D DOSl~ on o f Nrs . Elizabet~ Rolleston
.1·~ o:·1 a s Di xon , Jona t han Richardson 1. i c ~1 ard Warren Jo hn Gregg William Clark William Hopkin son, ano. Jeremiah ::=l i Richardson a so n .
1622 - 1900,
CLOCKMAKERS,
Myles Stapylton of Armagh maker of horloges (clocks)
Return of Artificers in the realm of Ireland 1622. The following clockmakers appear in the Freemens Lists of the Corporation of Armagh in the period 1742-1760. ( I )
27 Sept. 1742. John Williamson.
22 Sept. 1743. Thomas Kennedy. ( r )
28 Sept. 1744. Charles Hindman. ·
10 Oct. 1760. Alexander Waugh. ( 1.)
Died, Thomas Kennedy, watchmakerl Armagh. Freemans Journal, May 14-17,176~.
Alexander Waugh had the care of the town clocks from 1777 to 1785. In 1786 the Widow -Waugh and James son of Alexander are shown. Corporation Record - see also Stuart•s Armagh p.523-52,.
The Mill of Ballynahone ) Chancery Inquisition ) taken at Armagh The Mill of Francis Cooke) March 24, 1625.
1621,
The Mill 0f Aghiorior
Repertory of Chancery Decrees.
P.R.O. Dublin, Vol. p.329.
Lurgan Water Mill.
Reference as in 1621 but Val.II 272,
1634-1676,
Francis Graves held a lease in above year that commenced 14th July 1634, for 60 years. It included house and lands in the city and its vicinity. Amongst the houses in the town was "one other house commonly called the towna hall •••• lying on the north side of the street leading to Charlemont. 11
See item 10. Rental of 1676.
ARCHBt SHOP I s RENTAL OF 1676, Rent roll made in 1634 and continued about 1676.
Lease 3. Mrs. Nicholas Gray. Lea.ve to build a water mill and dove house in the barony of Fews .•.•
To commence from 14 July, 1634 for 60 years.
Lease 15. Hugh Echlin. A water mill erected on the premises and liberty to build such other mills as he shall think fit. 14, July, 1634.
Lease 26. Mary Fairfax, widow. One horse mill to
commence from 14 July 1634.
Lease 61.
Lease 63.
Lease 81.
John Keogh. One tan house and yard.
House with Kiln house and barn.
Nicholas Seaver. One mill in the townland of Ballinmugley. 1 May, 1676.
Lease 30.
Thos. Arroll. One kilne or barn near the schoolhouse. 1 May, 1664.
ARCHERY IN co, Armagh
Armagh was the first town in Ireland to adopt archery as a sport. Dean Downham established a company of Archers there of which his son-in-law, Walter Cope of Drumilly was captain in 1670. This company is described in the records as being uror the better exercise at the bow and arrow"·.
The Butts of the Archery Club are shown in the Palace Demesne on the O.S. (Sheet 12) 1835. The Club moved later to the grounds of the Pavilion and is now defunct.
1702.
WINDMILLS,
Many soldiers from the Netherlands settled in Ireland following the war between William and James•
One a certain Captain William de Bass settled in Belfast as a water and wind millwright. It was he who made the windmills near the Retreat, Co. Armagh, called 11 Cope' s windmills 11 - according to a document dated 1702.
ASHE'S SURVEY OF 1?03,
This is a most interesting survey of the lands of the archbishopric of Armagh. It contains information as to orchards, enclosures, dry ditches and hedges.
By that date it is clear that the lands o~ the Manor of Armagh were well-enclosed by quick-sett hedges and that many of the farms were planting fruit trees. There are for instance references to orchards having been destroyed in 1641 and 1690 - see page 2, item 2.
Turf-bogs, and turf houses are mentioned with remarks on furze and heath •
.Amongst the trees mentioned we find Sally bushes crab trees, holly trees, thorns, ash trees, scrub, alder, hazel, etc.
Houses are described in some detail. Small farm houses were equipped with barn, stable, cowhouse, turf house etc. Some of the larger farmers had pigeon houses and "summer houses. The chief' crops were flax and oats. (Cottiers and cabins also appear).
Great woods are shown in some town.lands and we learn that the Lord Primate ns1nce the wars disposed ot 1,200 tons of timber of' the lands of Mullanakill and Ballykelly see page 11.
P.6. John Blyke.
ASHE•s SURVEY OF 1703,
Drumsallans 2. The first is Drumsallanoughtra which contains 100 aere s two roods plantation measure• This is good corn and grazing land. Mr. John Bond at his own cost has built with lime and stone a very good farm house with one handsome chamber overhead. He has also built at his own cost with lime and stone a good stable, barne and cow house. The farm house is made very convenient for a farmer, and there is a large young orchard, of the said Bond's own planting and a good garden of his own enclosing.
ASHE• s SURVEY OF 1703, p.13.
One plantation tenement formerly Crails (or Craits?). In this house now lives the Dean of Armagh Dr. Drelineourt.
It is situate in English Street in the town of Armagh.
It is an extraordinary good house built with lime and stone and slated. It is 3 stories high besides cellars.
There is a good brewhouse lofted over, a stable, coaehbouse and a very large garden and orchard in the last 80 trees.
ASHE•S SURVEY OF 1703, AN IRON MILL FORGE OR BLOOMERY I
(See Robert Staples p.39).
p.34.
John Ogle, Tanner, since the troubles has made a good house upon that part fronting Scotch Street •••• three stories high. Six rooms above stairs and four below besides cellars.
He is a merchant and hath built a Malt House and Kiln wieh makes 500 Barrells of Malt in the year, and to that added a work house where he keeps loans etc. as he is a Clothier by trade.
James Ogle, Dyer. p.28.
Mr. Bond's House and lands.
p.11. Downlam [Downham] Cope.
Madowne. This contains 80 acres Irish Plantation measure ••••• A fine young ash grove or wood .•••• a · f arme house part with lime and stone and part brick •••
ASHE•s SURVEY OF 1703,
has very good rooms in it above and below stairs. It has been a very good house but is now much out of repair. There has been a handsome gate house at the entrance in to the court which had a fair square room over it. The building was of framed timber according to the old way of building and it is now ruinous nothing remaining but the shallow frame of it. There are good gardens and two orchards. Malt house and Kiln, stables in bad repair •••• There is a new bridge of lime and stone built over the river.
ASHE 1 S SURVEY OF 1703,
ARMAGH CITY •
p.46.
One good stone house containing six rooms besides a kitchen and sellar with a barn, stable and cow house in English Street. Henry Dernan is tenant. It bears the sign of the three Nags heads.
Market Place, Armagh. p. 57.
A good stone house faced with brick streetwards. One storey through the hole and but one garrett over that. There are six rooms on a floor both above and below stairs so that there are thirteen rooms besides two sellars on which being next to the Gaol is only a shed ••••
The house is shingled and was burnt in the year 1683 but since rebuilt.
English street. p. 59.
A very good stone house, shingled. fifteen rooms and four garretts in it ••••
p. 56. It has about
The ground whereon the Bowling Green House stood. p.lf.7.
One stone house in the Market Place. It is built with brick one storey high above stairs with good garretts: over that a large shop to the street and 8 roomes in the house besides Brew House, warehouse, stables etc. All these improvements made since the year 1685.
One stone house in Market Place built 1684 about which time it was burnt.
Ballyrath
1,.r a v do1,vn .,
Dr um duffe
Armaghagh City do.
d o. do. do. do. do. do. do. do. do.
-ullinacreeve .
Aghatara ·
Ballycrummie
Bally eridan
1703.
Malt HOUSES.
A s ~; _all i malt t h ouse J.: Kiln .
Malth ouse and Ki ln in b ad repair.
Malt house a nd - iln.
A good Brewbouse ..
Malt hous e a n d Kiln .
Lar g e malt house and Kiln (1).
Malt house and Kiln ( 2) . Brewhouse.
d o. do .
malt house and Kiln (3).
A good malt t ous e and Kiln ( 4)
A g reat Malt h ouse and Kiln (5).
A malt h ouse and Kiln (6).
Malt h ouse and Kiln (7).
Malt house and Kiln.
Malt hou se and Kiln.
small Maltalt house and Kiln.
3. 4. makes 2,000 bar r els per yea r. makes 500 b ar r els p er year. Destroyed in the wars.
l: 7 astad in the wars. Destroyed in the late wars . 500 a rre ls in he ye ar. s 500 ar r els in t h e y ear.
3.
· Quaker meeting houses
Ballyhagan T~1 ere is - uil t u p o n i t a Quak e r s'
meetingHouse and their b urial p la ce i s t i1ere also.
P . 2 5, 1 ea s e 4-o •
I rlE HOU SE OF correction
Sit 1 ate in Scotc h Street a n d .Il.QJcl ,a ade t n e House of Correctio n . It •i s a fa ir we ll-built h o u se of lie ai'1d sto n e, well e c l osed by a 11i g" s to ne -1all. T 1 ere is a large pair o f g ates at the entrance i n t h e y ard b elo n gi ng to said J.1 ouse. Wit h out t h e wal l s it co ntain s in t he fr ont to Scotch Street ~7 yar ds or t ne reabouts a nd t h e g round with i n t h e ,,-.rall s i s n ear a square. 'TI e h ouse is wel l fitted and :n ade co n ve ni en t f or the \1 s es d esigned.
Lurgyvallen.
Crossnemoyle
Tandrage e Tullynagin
Grang e Oneilland
i on ey quin Beg
Ballyr ea
Tyr a
Mullaghlinny
u.n t Muntercaswell c a s s we 11
Limn agore
Terryhoog an Ballyeaghe
Armagh City , do.
Ballinahone
Bally eaghe · 1703.
Two good cor nmills under one roof.
Cornmill. do.
Oat Kilns.
Ba g e nal 1 s l ill.
Cornn1ill.
Oat iln.
do .
Cornmill.
Good Cornmill. d o.
Cor nmill in de cay.
Corn.mill.
Oat Kiln.
Oat Kiln in ruins.
Cornmill.
Tuck MILLS.
Tuck mi ll.
TANYARDS.
Ar magh City .
Bally ossone.
Ba lly rat h .
Drumsill.
1703.
Bowling green •
See p 57 . On e o t he r small p a r k situate
n e a r t h e House of Corr e ctio n . Co n ta in s a b out
t wo acres. T~1 e bowl i n g g r een as ci estro y ed in
t h e late war Se e a l so p .58 .
ARCHBISHOP'S RENTAL 1713,
Samuel Ogle, Dyer.
John Ogle, Tanner.
Thomas Dawson.
Nicholas Averall.
Thomas Dawson.
Thomas Dawson.
Francis Lucas.
1 November, 1697.
1 November, 1697.
A mill . and 4 acres in Lismacantry, with dam and mill pond races. 1 November, 1712.
A corn mill on the River Callan with waters, dams and races.
A corn mill and tuck mill in Ballynahonemore, 2 February, 1710.
A corn mill in Lurgyvallen, 2 February, 1710.
Mill and mill dam in Drominargle, 1 August, 1713.
Windmills TD ILLS,
Shows windmillin Lur g an area .
Wi n d.m ill at Ferdonagh.
Two Windmills at or n ear Aughtrachanan .
windmill at Richmount .
Windmill at Ballylenny
windmillat Coc k Hill .
Cope ' s windmill n ear Kilmcanty aca t .
windmill a t rmagh .
BARRACKS,
Hamilton's Bawn.
Johnsto n 's Bridg e Barra c.s.
Barrack , Jones b orou gh .
Barra ck, Blackbank .
ROCQUE 1 S MAP OF 17~0.
race course
Race Course at Ric h hill. do. Crossmaglen do. Ar agh.
Lead Mine, Near Ke a dy .
Lead Mines, Near Derrynoose old church.
smelting Mills, r e a r the Nine Fordsn in l Newtownhamilton area.
Tynan.
Knappagh.
Carrickastickan area.
Teemore.
Tullyvallan.
Jonesborough.
Vicar 's Hill, Armagh.
Lead mines were worked in the parish of Newtownhamilton harnilton a long t im e ago, when wood was to be had in sufficient abundance to be used p rofitably for smelting purp ose. Bassetts, Armagh, 1888, p.262.
ROCQUE I S MAP OF 1?60 e
Spa Well at Carric k aness.
Sunday Well, Ballybou ght .
Kinygo Gutt.
Derrywarh Cut.
Watch House, Hachnahay. [Hacknahay]
ARMAGH city
Post Office, Market Street, Armagh.
St. Malachy 1 s Ch a p el, Ch a p el Lane.
Old Meetingting House, Lo wer Engli sh Street.
New Meetin g House, Abbe y Street.
Market Cross in l· ar ke t Street.
Ch arter School Drelincourt
Royal School.
Gallows Hill on road to Fews.
Man of War Inn, Clay.
Portadown Bridge.
Rocque's MAP OF 1760 •
canal locks
e Newryto POrtadown com i. encing at Drumgullion .
Burton Lock.
Gilmare's [Gilmore] are 1 s Lock.
Brown's s Lock.
Carlin's Lock.
Scofiel 1 s Lock.
Bettlesse 1 s Lock.
Harlan 1 s Lock.
Unnamed Lo c k, Poyntzpass.
Tullyho Lock.
Trueman 1 s Lock, Knockbridge.
R.C. c· chapels s h ovm
Between Do ghe r and Tannaghmore, Lurgan.
Chapel on outskirts of Crossmaglen.
St. Malachy's s, Armagh City.
Coote's SURVEY 1804.
Sect.11. Prices of Hides, Tallow, Wool, a n d qua n tit y sold.
e~e is n o g reat trade in any of these articles.
!1 811 we s h all s p ea k of ti1e trade of th e seve ral towns in t i1 e coun t y , wh at u sua lly _ occurs u nd er t h is h ead
Qll be mentioned. e avera g e p rices through the c ounty t b e last y ear were;
Green hides accord ing to wei ght, _ro m
35s. to 45s. 6d. per cwt.
Calf-skins, ad valorem, fro m 2 s. 6d. to 6s. 6d. p er skin.
Tallow, Wool, 6os. per cwt.
18s. p er stone of 16 lbs.
Th is last article is r etaile d iri s ,. all p arcels, at an advance of two-pence or three- p ence p er p ound, and is ~sually sold at fair s ; it i s p r in cipally ~ anufactured i n to coarse druggets and blankets. Very little of the wool, whi ch this county affords, is e xpo sed to sale ; the very slender stock in t h e hands of an individual is reserved for home uses.
COOTE 1 S SURV.EY 1804,
Several of t h e road s of t hi s county a.re in g ood
CO l di tion, ut t h e g reat nu- 1ber are b ad, ·:... any of the m in t ~1 e xtrer- e st deg ree. r1e t u rnpike road fro m Ar magh to Newry is, p er h aps, tne ~ror st in Irela nd as a publi c road, and i s a di sgrace to an opulent co unty . T~ e turnpik e road from Jonesborough is g enerally i n b ad re p air; and t iJ e county road fro Ne1vTY to Castleblane y i s always in rtl ost wretched order, thoug·-4 by far t n e g reatest t h oroughfare in the county. Tn e roads in th e b arony of Tur e nn y are not so rough as badly plann ed. In 0 1 Neiland t h ey are rough and narrow, with some dangerous steps. I n Lo wer Orior they are tolerably g ood, but in Upp er orior the reverse. T"he be st roads are in t:i.1e bar ony of Armagh. Th e interior of the county has abundance of goo d materials for r oad- 1 aking; the boundari es are, f or the most part, very deficient in such supplies; but , on the wn ole, the n e g lect is greater than the ,rant of materia ls. Count y roads are nade and repaired at the expence of tile ba rony, through ·which they uass; and turnpike roads ~ram the tolls they p roduce, under t h e controul of directors.
:r 1e great ·· ista _ e in t ·1e r oads of t hi s count y i s,
. e ne 6 l ect or r igin ally ~ a ing t h e centre of the r oad ig r t an t :1e si des, w~1i c h wou ld throw off the water
i to t: - • .j... ·.i u c J. e s ; nor do tb y seer t o understand, that \-linding a r oad t ·1r ou gh t h e v alleys i s as s :1 ort a distance
as asc e nding and d escend ing t he hill s, ind e p e nd ent of the gr eat lab our and d an g er at t e nding the latter.
As the tenantryr y on tne s ev eral e states, through ini c h the r oads pa ss, are emp lo yed with tn ir h orses in · a k in g and r epairi ng the m, they are g e n e rally well paid; and, i n de p endent of tbe b enefit ti1ey r ece-ive from this i p rove ment, Ghei r p r ofits o fte n ex ceed t h eir p ro p ortion of th e tax, 1ihi c h is always cbea rfully p aid.
Brid g es are in g o od repai r g e n erally. It requires very int elli g ent overseers to inspect bridge building as masons too f requently, thr ough interested motives '
co n struct t h ese ,.-m r k s i n such a anner, as ·will ensure them frequent jobs.
COOT 1 S SURVEY 1804.
Sect. 3~. Of mines with in the Cou n ty.
The only mines within the co unty , y et discovered, are of lead, and are in t he vicinity of Ke a dy, a s mall to1.m six t iles we st of Ar.:nagh.
T1i s i in e i s on the estate of t h e colle g e of Dublin , t_1e l ands ar e ;.1 e ld by cbe Earl of Farnham t_ e late Ear l ex}Jende d lar g e sums i n si nking and wor k i ng it, but ma de no p rofit of it . It is r a t he r wo nd erful, and indeed p roves t he v a lue of the se mines, tha t ~ e was
n ot a co n siderabl e lo ser ~ a s u e h ad n o a ctive ·o artner ,to su p erinte nd ·wor!r s under g r ound, vJh ich h e 11i self n ever saw. Sin ce hi s death, t_ e p resent arl ha s discontinued the works, whi c h hi s father a d vised h i m to do, until '1 e s hould i1 ave a n active p art n er, or a g o o d tenant. The vein is so rich a nd a u nd ant, it woul d b e well worth the n otice of t h e monied ad venturer, and igh t p rove of infinite service to t n is par t of the coun try.
L
COOTE 1 S SURVEY 1804.
canal AND IRO N ROAD,
In t h at p art of t h e t own of Ne wr y , ,Jh ich is within t hi s county, ver y fi n e warehouses are erected, and a co n siderable wh olesale trade is carried on h ere.
From. h e n ce ru n s the canal, n early p arallel vith t h e Ban, i n its course to Lou gh Nea gh , an d at f ourteen miles d istance it joins th a t river. ::C h e li 1e of t h is navigation, fro m Newry t owar d s t h e sea, erd inates at Fathom, where it joins uhe t ide- water. A canal __ as been in co n teGJ.plation, to b e cut fro m t _1i s town to Armagh, and an iron road is also t alked of, but t· ere has been no decision i n e i t h r cases.
Newry is cele b rated for its·exte n sive utter trade, ·which, it is said, amounts to above£300,ooo annually.
This market is so well kn own , that so meti mes they send butter h ere even fro m the county of Sligo ; the , rice is certainly encouragi n g, and as the last season averaged £5 12s. p er hundred weight.
This trade will doubtless be injured, when a canal or iron road from Castleblaney to Dundalk is completed, which is determined on. All the butter of Cavan and
COOTE•S SQRVEY 1804,
v' ona h a n co u n ies, wh i ch is reg ularl y sent to r e vrry t rough Castleblaney, ·will sto p h ere, and g o to Dundalk, by whi ch eans a g reat expe n ce, a nd seventeen miles distance of t he worst road in Ire lan d, will be saved .
First LOCK, NE'WRY CANAL.
Cassels h el p ed to us " e r in t n e Ca n a l Ag e, - e si g ning
t e 1 ir st sto n e l oc k i n I r e l a no. o n t h e Newry Canal, an d a manuscri p t volume on ta rt if icial navigation t h e
product of h is :1an ds was sold a t t he Ca rton Sa l e in June 1949. It a pp eared in th e sale c a ta log ue as Lot 2150 and contained foldi ng illustrat i o n s. P.135, Dublin 1660-1860, by Maurice Craid.
COOT ~1 S_SUR VEY 1804.
Linen
l1 '-1e li n en r:1 a nufac t ur e i s pur sued b ere in all its vario u s branhes s, and p articular markets ar e es ta b lished "or the sal e o f ea c h k i nd of good s and ~ aterials . e weavers of the fine st g o ods re si d e northward in ~i county , a11d ~n t ~ e d istri ct ·-11 e ir markets a re ; ano. vice versa
1.,.ri t : t i10 s e inhab it ing t l e b orders o i I; Monaghanc oun t y .
The v ario u s b r anc i es f th tr ad e consis t in ea br ics, law:n s, li n e n s , diap er, damask and chequers os e weavers, 1-ln o wor k at the fin er iJ ra n c hes, will e arn · ro fif te n t o tw e n t y p er cent . ~ ore, in tne sa1e given ti · e, t l an 1.·rn aver s f co a r s e g oods , . cut t i re i s 1 te n er a
sta g nation in -hei r trad e . i1~1e coarse li 1en weavers i. a ve g en er al l y a knowled g e of weaving cotton g oods, a11d ~,/ill
oftent i r es, -v.ri1 e n the d ei'i.1 and i s ..La y side L, ·1 eir l i n en we b s, and tu rn to thi s b r a n c ~.1; but a reg 1lar - breu cotton or ·:au sli n weav e r h as n ot a knowled g e f th e li n e n :i anuf acture, so th at he :1 a s n ot e qual advanta g es wit h t ~ e
coarse li n en weaver, an d '.' 1 u c h less with -~e l awn and ea brick :n anufacturer, ·wh o always can arn b ett e r wages nan any o th e r weav e r.
If a eaver ·:orKs is ow..o. flax, -,fn · e n l e as reared f ro m t he s eed, ·1 is p r ofi Ls 11v"ill b e ·ncre a sed f ro thre e- p e n c e t o si J p e n ce ~ e r d a y, accordi ng to t h e excel en ce o f t ·1 e ·:~o d e of d r essing whi c h ' e ado pt ed, on vit1 ich a g reat eal d e p ends . u t it i s
possible Lh at a l oss a y h a pp en, if y a rn ·s ·n p oor de mand, and h is sto c K is lar ge
Th e extent o f the L a nufa ctu r e cann t , e a scer. tained exactly by tae re t urn of sales a6e in t he different mar k ets, as v-eb s fro nei gh bourin g counties come in, and also webs f ro n e ce a re s o ld in - ar ets out of this co un t y .
Great capitals are e mpl o y ed by bleachers r s, 1.vho purchase webs, and b leac h o n their 01.m account.
Considerable sums are also e n g a g ed in un e pu rc h ase of yarn, vlnich is given out t o the ·weaver t o manufacture or the weaving i s o fte n co n tracted f or b y .l..h ose 1. realthy manufacturers who do not wor k Lihe " selv e s, et eep journe yt en co n stantly employed, ei t her o n t , eir own account, ith their own y arn, or on t n at of t h e merchants with whom they co n tract.
The general evil, wh ich i s felt in ost parts of this province, and in n one more p articulary than in the
COOTE•s SURVEY 1804.
'istricts of Armagh r emote fro · navigation i s t1e g reat co n sump tion and sca rc ity 0 .1 fu el, ~..- i c en creases
1.vi t h t-· e extension of ,.,'1 e linen r a nu · a c ture . In - a ny p arishes the::ce i s ~ . ore fuel c o su ed · n li ese works, th an by all +- ' v .i.1 8 i nb ab itan ts of the p ari s l f or culinary p ur p oses ; n or i s ther e a doubt t_ at, if so me other b es id es t urf fu el i s n ot re stored to, in / a very few years th e b o g s of this coun t exhausted. Jill e
T'1 e nu mbe r o f l oo - s exceed the n o er of ouses, as most h o1.1 ses have two or hre loo ms, and frequently t h ey are all at ,.,mrk, -fo en t_ e de mand for linens is brisk, at ·which ti mes many n ew loo!Il s are ma d e, so that we ·'.n ay fairly as se rt that the n umb er of looms is encreasing; flax land b ein g in g reater d e~ and and of higher value, is a p roof t he re is no diminution in t h e trade.
Woollen g oods are -i1 ade only for home consump tion, and not for sale, n or is one fa ru ily in ten supplied with a sufficiency of t n eir o·m. ;- anu f acture.
In Armagh and t he ot he r towns of t h e county, are the usual s mall manu factories of necessaries, as brewing, chandlin g , soap- boiling, tanning, etc.
and also numerous handi cr afts who exe cute t·1eir trades '
ell; but t he re is n o pa rticul a r "i anu c tor y , i · ·1 e e .. ce t
t h e Ar ag side of Newry t o-.,m, in •hi e a res p e c a~ - e
capital is sunk, exc lu siv e o r t 1e i n en bu s· n ss .
T 1 e p art i cular s or th e tra d e o ea c l to Ti 1 8
spo ken of in t b e Baronial Sur v e, t h irte e nt· c ' a p ter , as they occur.
As to t h e encoura g e e n t to · a 1u a c t ur es, r d t e p eculiar a p tness of t ~ e s i tuation or t eir e ten .:. on , ft is favourable, wi:1ilst t l e we 1 e s ta i ·1 d e s
· are so steadily att ended b. bu ers o res p e c a i i t
In tje vic ini ty o navi g ations, , 1 r ue s so easil conveyed, t h ese si ~uati ons ust ave su pe rior a v ta es, and, exclusive of t h e li nen trade , e ..: a '-i u siness and corn buying h ave be e n c ons·de r bly en creased in t ese -· di-stricts; and stores ·1 ave b een bu · 1 t, ·. i c also will be mentioned in t h eir p ro p er p laces .
·The annual esti mate oft e linen trade oft is · -:- county is rated at 300, 0001 . ; t e oods o ost r e pute, · and · of the best fabric, are of nine, ten, and eleven - h~dreds, and fro m thence above twe nty hund reds. hundred -s. is meant the numb er of t h reads in t e warp of web which is always . rated at one yard in •Tidt
1 Acc oun t o · whi c h a ve come in ·o the ollo,vi g Years:
Years . Pac k s. o es . 1'792
1793 151-t6 581
1794 1 550 55'7
1795 1157 513
1796 l0 8 L1- 662
1797 104-2 439
1798 1119 396
ber an avera Va ue of Packs and Boxes of Linens, i n en all of Dublin, f ro m t e County of Armagh, in ·rota nu - .Lot al Total value of b er or p iec s nur be r 1otal p ieces in packs i n p ac k s, of p ieces numbe r and boxe s, taking su pp osing in b o es, of pie ces coarse and fine 7J pie ces su p p osing in pa ck s all round, at an in each pa ck . 60 p ieces and boxes. averafe of in ea ch b ox . £1 .14·s.12 d. pe r Statute p rice. -
cooTE•S SURVlfi 1804,
An Accoun t o f Li he Su n s :9 aid , by -;:;- e trustees f t .i.1 0 Linen a n d - hempen manufactures a ct ur
May 29th, 1803. J Al- ES CORRY .
In Stuart's Arma gh ( p a g e 105) a tabl e i s gi ve n as under -
Armagh Co r n Marketrket •
Oats sold per a nnum on a n avera g e Oatmeal
Barley for h orse co n sump tion for 1 1 e i·1ry and Dungann o n
1 , 607
1, 49
4, O 5 ,0 00 to s " arrel s
There is at p resent ( 1819) n o distilleryry at A ah to consume oats and barl y and bu t one brewer Jhi c n belongs to Iv r. And rew Ly le.
Th e cornma r ke t ( that fo r ,...,h ea t exce pte d) is h eld on Saturdays and t 1e s ale s of oat s a nd oat eal considerable . . Vast quantities of wheat ch e p rodu ce oft e surrounding country a re ever y .ay e osed or s al e in the streets or tendered to t ~e v ari ou s lou r · ere ants who have -mills in the n ei nb our h ood. So , e of these mills are wrought by t he river Call an, viz.- tat of Lurgavallan - of Um g ola - of Ballinaowen Beg - of Balliards [Ballyards] -· and two at Keady. Besides t he se t e re is a powerful windmill, tbe property of Robert Jackson Esq., engaged in the anufacture of flour. The annual consumption of wheat in these mil l s ·· ay b e averaged at 2,800 tons. There are numerous oat mills and bleach mills on the banks of the various rivers b y wh ich the
country is intersected. Iviuch of the flour anufactured in Ar agh is carted to t h a count y of Tyro .e and other districts, and immense quant i ties of wheat oats and barley, the pr odu ce of t he adjacent co untry are pu re ased by the corn merchants of Portadown and NNewry or exportation and for h ome co n sumpti on .
,rI SCELL Al 1EOU S l'JOT.ciS ON LI NEN , ARMAGH , /
A 1ost effective bl ow was ai ed at t r1e p rosperity of Ireland by tne de structio n of i •c s wooll e n .· anufa cture.
~L. is was sa cri fi ce d to th j ealo u s y o f En glan d, in
1698 i.vb en su c11 ~1 ea v y acidi tio n al dutie s were laid on t h e ex-porta tio n o f wo oll e n cloth ( f r iezes · excepted) as ere tantamount to a p ro hib ition. ( l )
Shortly a fterward s en co u ra ge :.'u ent was g iv e n t o the li n en • anuf actur e.
l oly n eu x i n f o rm s u s t 1a t clot i1 of every - es cri pti o n , fit for 1ou se h old pu r p oses, ·wa s ,..10 ve n i n t ~ e imwediate n eig hb ou r h o o d of Ar magh. 11 '.I ha ve seenil, says that ·writer (in a letter to Lo c ke, cJ. ated Se p t. 26, 1696)~ uas
good dia p er, made by some o f my tenants n ear Armagh, as can co me to a table an d a ll other c l ot h fit f or h o u senold uses 11 • ( 2 )
A camlet ma nufa ct ur e was carried o n , i n t h e y ear
1680, in Scotch Stre -t, Ar ma gh, b y Tho mas Prentice 1.vho d ied at the advanced a g e of 107. (3)
(1) T}.1 e des truction of th e woollen ;1 anu fa cture co mp elled a ult i tude of Episcopalian Pro t estan ts t o d esert the co unt ry but the y ·,re re r e pl aced by Pres byte rian Scots, Fr e n ch Hugenots, and _Qu a ke rs. See Stuart's ''l emoir. of Ar agh,. p .421,423.
(2) Stuart 's nArmagh 11 p . 4t::'. c: .
(3) Ibid .
About the ear 1712 Ja es Qu i nn of Carlo w establis l ed a ' amas manufa ctor y a t Lur g an. C4 )
It is stated somewhere · n th e Gentelmans s Magazine t~1at - Bond d 01 Bondville 1. e a r Ar:r a gh s q ., · ad... resented about t 0 e y ear 1735, a p ie c of r emar k abl y fi n e l inen to the Que en. ( ?)
£ 1e finest pie ce of cambric erhaps ever , anufactur ed in I r e land ms s old in Lurgan - market. It co unt ed 2, 700 ·warp and 3,000 woof, and was v a lued at :f225 sterling. (6)
At t h e p eriod of t h e transfe r fr om wo olle n to linen anufacture tuck mills we re as numerou s as t h e
bl each - mills of t he earl y 19th c e n tur y . Certain ills in Co. Annagh ret ai ne d th eir old n ames after b eing devoted t6 o th er u sa g es.
(4) Ibid.
(5) Ibid, p.424.
(6) Ibid, p.425.
description o f ya rd- i. ride lavm or fine-threaded linen a ufactured near Lou ghgall : as lately b een ·ntro uc ed into Arma gh market :1 ere som e of i lJ is pure ased '"'or · _1e America n .:.1 art. A considerable quantity o i t i s sent to Great ritai n in the brown state, and so e, \~ ich is dy ed lack and calendered at / Moneyquinmill eet s a b ri s · - ~e a nd in England
Unbleached li1ens are pur ch ased in c_e open air. Tne buyers stand on stools o r "orms and tne webs are anded to em by uh e weavers and exa mined in tne full glare of the day. (7) I/ (7) Ibid, p.514.
Corn MARKET, Armagh
In Stuart's Armagh (page 105) a table is given as under -
An~a&h Corn Market,
Oats sold per annum on an average
Oatmeal
Barley for horse consumption for Newry and Dungannon
1,607 tons
1,049 ll 4,ooo barrels
5,000 ll
There is at present (1819) no distillery at Armagh to consume oats and barley and but one brewery, which belongs to Mr. Andrew Lyle. The corn market (that for wheat excepted) is held on Saturdays and the sales of oats and oatmeal considerable. Vast quantities of wheat, the produce of the sunounding country are every day exposed for sale in the streets or tendered to tha various flour merchants who have mills in the neighbourhood. Some of these mills are wrought by the river Callan, viz. - that of Lurgavallan - of Umgola - of Ballinaowen Beg - of Balliards [Ballyards] - and two at Keady. Besides these there is a powerful windmill, the property of Robert Jackson, Esq_, engaged in the manufacture of flour. The annual consumption of 'Wheat in these mills may be averaged at 2,800 tons. There are numerous oat mills and bleach mills on the banks of the various rivers by which the
country is intersected. Much of the flour manufactured in Armagh is carted to the county of Tyrone and other districts, and immense quantities of wheat, oats and barley, the produce or the adjacent country a.re purchased by the corn merchants of Portadown and Newry, for exportation and for home consumption.
.
j_J2 Brown linen
The linen Hall Armagh ''
See ~JP eno.ix, p . 17 5 . : .... e s u _-_ r c e ( . i 9 ) • .I... sta L-eS t~1at a conv ni e ll u - d ·n. la·:-:e-1-L'I~ v-' -.L" ct ed 1-:y .:. -is Grace t11e -.:a _...:... e -l market ,ras v ..,
o c ri ·Primate at , anci - i at the sovereign of t11e c1..ty ad .!...1 l,ra~e attenci :.ng a:r~ )._ ets tc .
YarnHall l ~a s ~r ected in ~he Linenhallstrestreet et
LeonardsiDobbin le -, ; che 1.1 al .i. s n o w
02 .)::..ec:. "uj : e ssrs . Bradford s egg stores in ~-ihi c h i s
pre~ v 0 d an old s t o~e in scr i ~ ed YarnHall 1820 l.
ee also , ·t uar t I s
MISCELLANEOUS NOTES ON Linen ARMAGH,
A most effective blow was aimed at the prosperity of Ireland by the destruction of its woollen manufacture. This was sacrificed to the jealousy of England, in 1698 v1hen such h eavy additional duties were laid on t h ee ortation of woollen cloth (friezes excepted) as were tantamount to a p rohibitiono (l)
Shortly afterwards encourage ment was given to the linen manufacture
Molyneux i nforms us that cloth of every d~scription, fit for household purposes, was woven in the immediate neighbourhood of Armagh. "I have seen 11 , says that writer (in a letter to Locke, dated Sept. 26, 1696, 0 as good dia p er, made by some of my tenants near Armagh, as can come to a table and all other cloth fit for household uses". ( 2 )
A camlet manuf aoture was carried on, in the year 1680, in Scotch Stre e t, Armagh, by Thomas Prentice ,vho died at the advanced age of 107. (3)
(l) The desbruction of the woollen manufacture compelled a mul titude of Episcopalian Protestants to desert the country but they were re p laced by Presbyterian Scots! French Hugenots, and Quakers. See Stuart's "Manor of Armagh, p.421,423.
( ,) Stuart' 11 Armagh II p. 42 2 .
()) Ibid.
About the year 1712 James QU.inn of Carlow established a damask wanufactory at Lurgan. <4 )
:;rt is stated somewhere in the Gentle man's Magazine that - Bond of Bondville near Armagh Esq., had presented about the year 1735, a piece of remarkably fine linen to the Queen. ( 5)
The finest piece of cambric, perhaps ever manufactured in Ireland was sold in Lurgan market. It counted 2,700 warp and 3,000 woof, and was valued at £25 sterling. ( 6)
At the period of the transfer from woollen to linen manufacture tuck mills were as numerous as the bleach-mills of the early 19th century. Certain mills in Co. Armagh retained their old names a~ter being devoted to other usages.
(4) Ibid. (5) Ibid, p.424. (6) Ibid, p.42,.
A description or yard-Wide lawn or tine•threaded linen anufaoturad near Loughgall has lately been i ntroduced into the Armagh market vtl ·ere some of it is purchased for the American mart. A considerable quantity or it is sent to Great Britain in the brown state, and same, 'Whieh is dyed black and calendered at Moneyquin mill meets a brisk demand in England.
Unbleached li n ens are purchased in the op en a1.r. The buyers stand on stools or forms and the· webs aro handed to them by the weavers and examined in the f'ul.l glare or the day. (7)
Lime Turbary I turf -: eady - i' ro 121 Armaghbreague - c:reagh and l:i:oino c ~ ·::_ _;_e, an0 e v en
·-!.i ile s C:i_i s t an t. c arri er s p ur c~a se li~esto~e ~n t~e vicini t y of
rea n a tou bl e ad v an t age f r o~ t h~ ir traffi c . 'J:1i ey°Ju r n t bi s limestone in so d kilns e r e ct ed on ~heir ian6 s. , Thu s
manures t h ; ou n tai n g r ounds c e co 11 e e?;:: c eedin g ly ~)re ., u ctive o f po t a toes, fla x and oa ts . Er1glis:1 coal s a re
Annahonean d Coa l Island. coalisland and Lou g~1 Erne 1.vi l l s oon ,.; e co nne ct e d b y a g ra nd c a n al , '..' ro ·..1 v!hi c h a l at e I'a b ra n c h ·nigh t exte n d t o grange i n t ~ e ..... ro ~n -; f3':rr y at r e aso n a b l e ra te s , anc. t 11 "' ex-oo ::ct tr ad e of at town i:Tou l cl b e ·:11ore c o·.i1 ple te ly op e n to t he :.c aL er s or "'" 1 c ou ~ost of t : l a nds t '1 Gn r e c lai ~ ed i1a ve Te v e rt ed ba c :. ~o '·.. 1 r a t u r a l s t a t e du e t o t ;.JG n egle ct or cultivation
c.r t ' s Ar '.",1ar: h , p . 516 . \f~~ >.<t ~<t ?
lime burning :tN co. ARMAGH,
The burning of limestone for the making of mortar and the white-washing of buildings is on e of our oldest dateable industries~ Irish annals record that a limekiln w..i th sides 60 feet eacll way was built by Gelasius, archbishop of Armagh in the year 1145 to provide lime for the repair of damaged ecolesiast1eal buildings in the city.
Anoth er early reference occurs in a poem \111'itten by Giolla Brighde MacCommidhe, an Ulster poet vtio fiour1.shed eirea 1220 to 1550, in \vhich t· e following lines appE1ar ....
T"ne Churdl of Art"".aagh of the polished walls, Is not smaller than three churches, It i$ on• solid indestructible rook, A conspio!Qus shrine of ohiselled stone.
W1 th ample oa.tcan shingles covered ~ Well hath its sides been wanned, With l1me as white as tlle pJ.umes of swans.
Stuart's Armagh, p.137.
fords I N 1 8 3 5.
Ste pp ing Sto n es
Ford Carrickaness
Brid g e Ford) )
Mill Ford ) Maydown
High Ford
h ullen Ford )
Ro c ke 's Ford) )
Rule's Ford )
Hu gh e s' Ford
Jo in ing Ford
.TJ. ree Fords
Ford
Ford with ste pp i ng sto n es
Ford i.vit h steppin g stones
Tv..r o ford s
do .
Three Fo rds
Ford
Two Fords
Ford ) )
Stepping Stone s )
Tullymore Etra
Kilcarn
Annaclarey
Tullymore
: a Maydown
Drumcai r n
Tullymore o r e
Ballynahone n a i n c
Dr umm an
Dr um ac an v e r
Agoan an
Ennislare
Ba l l y ar d s
Moneyquin
Ba ll ina g a l liagh
Balleer
FORD.S., I N - - 18 35,
O. S. 17 Ford Killycarn Upper
K 21 Foot Stick ·Bolton
Step p in g Sto ne s across River . Cullyhanna big
Steppin g Sto ne s across Monaghan a gh an / rma g County River order
Two Fords
Stepping Sto ne s
Pounds . .1 Pound De rr y lee
do . DerryJ
7 Salmon Po u nd Carrickaness
Pound Levalle g lisb
11 do . Tynan
do . - KillyleaVilla g e
12 Old Pound Balla ghy
Pound Armagh
d o . Mullansilla
13 d o . Ha milton ' s Bawn
o . Richhill do . Tamn a gh valton
14 do . Ballymbre
15 do . Tullybrick Ha Hamilton
17 do . Edenke nn edy
18 do. Tullynacross
19 do . Mullyard
~o do . Car g aclo gher
1 do . Tullyherron
~5 do . Carri c kannay
do . Lislea
o,s, 6F5§TS 1835, Pounds
. . Ba lli nl are ~-Meigh
o . Fathom Upp er
d . Cro s Crossmaglen
ao . She an
3 o . Fou ghill Etra
o,s. MAPS 1835,
SchoolsOOLS I H 18 35,
0. s. 1 . Sc h o ol h ouse
Der ry l e e
4. do . Derrycaw 1
d o .
o.
do .
do.
do .
do .
5. do .
d o .
do
do .
do.
do .
Derr y c orr y
Ann a ghmore
Ar d r e s s East
De r r y s c ollo p
Ca na r y
Charlemont o nt
De rr yad d
De r ry l a rd
Der ry c o r
Brea gh
Dr umha rriff
Brea gh
do . Drumgo ose
do .
6. do.
do .
do .
Derr y corr y
Derr yad d
Baltea gh
Tul lyg all y
do . Drumgor
Free School
Lur g an
. s . 7 . 9 .
School houseool h ouse o . do . do . do . do . do do . do . do . o . do . do . d o . do .
In fa nt Scho ol" ouse
Sch oolhouse do
Two Sch ool ouses
Sch ool" ous e do .
Edenderry
Egli s h
Crea g1an
Clonmain
Annasamry
Kinnego
Grange Blun dell
Levalle gli s h
Ballytyrone
Selshion
Tullymore
Ri chm ount
Kilmoreore
Mulladry
Mullatine ine
Tavanagh
Ballyworkan
Li Lisnamintrytry
Leva ghe ry
Ballyd onaghy
Bra ckagh
Sch ool h ouse
o. do . do . do . do .
Mall Sc ho o l ) )
Royal Sc h ool )
Sch oo lnous e ) )
Fe mal e Sc hool)
Sc i1 ool h ou s e
do .
d o.
o. do do . do. do . do.
d o.
Polnagh Tonagh Cullentragh
Drumgar g a r
Ballymartrim Otra
Terreskane
Cr ee v e r oe
Armagh h
Salter ' s Grange e
Ba ll Ballybrannon
Mullinsilla 1silla
Killune
Altaturk Drumbee Beg
Ballynahinch nahi e h
Derr yh ale
Ballyloughan
Ball y lisk
Cab Cabragh
. S.14. 17.
SCHOOLS I N 1 835 .
Schoolh ouse
Thr ee Scho ol n ouses
Sc h ool i1ous e
do . do do . do . do . do . do . do . do . do. d o. do . do . do . d o.
d o. do . do .
Mullahead
Ballymore
Car g ins
Drumnaleg n ale g
Shantally
Fo yduff
Cormeen een
Kilcreevy Etra a
Drumhillery ill r y
Madden
Ennislare
Mowillin
Ballee r
Lis na dill
Ballymacawley
Tannaghmore e
Brackagh
Derr y cughan
Acto n Village
Corernagh
Ferdonagh
S . 1 9 .
.
o, s, · MAPS 16 35',
SCH OOL S H 1 c-Ui .
Sc h oo lh ouse
do .
d o .
d o .
do . a o
do .
Two Sc hool' ous e s
Sch ool hou se
d o .
d o .
d o .
d o .
do .
d o .
d o .
do .
d o.
do .
d o.
d o.
d o.
Crossdall Fergort
Cro s Crossnamoyle Tulllyglush
Crossmore
Corran Armaghbreague
la Clady beg Knockavannon
LisdrumchorUpper
Tullyallen .,
111 Tullyherron _ ro n
Drumilt il t
Lisnalee
Killybrodagh
Lissummon o n
Tu ll y1 a ppy
Tievenamara
Tullyglush 1 7 '1' l us· 0
Outleckan
Carri c k rova d dy
Tull y vallan
. S.25
Sc h ool ~1 ous e
d o .
d o . a o .
d o.
Ci. O •
d o . do .
d o .
d o . do
d o
d o .
d o .
d o .
d o .
d o . do .
d o .
d o .
d. o .
d o.
Carrickgallogy gallogy.
Sturgan
Mullaghglass g lass
Latt
Ballinlare
Corrinshingo
Maghernahely er 1 a: e l -
Tull y vallan McCullagh
Mullaghduff
Aughanduff f
Tullymacreeve - Tullynacreeve
Aughadanore e
Tullynavall
Maphoner
Gl e be
Ball i nl iss
Aghadavoyle
Kil l een
Ellisholding
Fathom Lo we r
Cre gg an b ane Gl ebe
Shean
o,s,
SHEETS
1635, PIPE FACTORIES I I' :J:8 35.
o. s . 29.
Toba cc o Pip e Hanu fa c tory Cloghoge
Be etli ng Mill
d o . do .
Six Beetling ills
Four Beetl in g mills
, : d Maydown ,m
Drumdurf
All istrag
Tassagh
Tul l glu s
Be etling mill Dundrum
Th ree Be e t ling mills Tullynamalloge allog e do .
Ra c arby
Two Beetling mills Darkley
Ruined Beetlinglin g mills do .
Darkley Beetling mills do .
Beetling 1ill
Tullyallen all en .
o,s. SHEETS 1635,
O.S.8 Blea ch mill
13 Old Blea ch Mill
Dr uma rt
Ballyshiel Beg Be g
16 Blea ch Works Ballyards
Jenn y Field Blea ch Work s do .
Bleach works Lislea
Two Blea ch mills Balle r
20 Ruined Bleach mills Darkley
26
Bleach mill
Bleach mill
Bleach Mill
1 ullagh g lass
Gla Glassdrummond
Derr ym ore.
O,S, SHEETS 1835,
spade millss AND CART manufactories ES I H 18 35,
O.S.7. 12 spade mills .,_ Cart Hanu f actory do .
Sp ade Hill do . do.
Sp ade 1anufactor y
Spad e Mill do .
Tullymore Etra
Salt er ' s Grange
Dr na soo
Mullintur
Gla s sdrum, ond
Gora gh
Lis d rumgu llion
Clo g1a revan
Mullaghglasss .
o,s, SHEETS 1835,
DI Distilleries and BREWERIES I N 183 5,
o.s.6 Distil le ry Derry Br ewery Tannaghmore ore South
9 Distillery Garvaghy
12 do . Bally c rummy
do . Armag : City do . Ballynahone Beg one eg
15 do . Tullybrick a ilton
26 Old Dist i ll ery Lisdrumliska
Three Brewerie s Ballinlare
Distiller y Lisdrumg ullion .
o,s, SHEETS 1835, paper mills I N l.8.3..2....
o.s. 16. Pape r Mill Roughan .
LI NEN HALLS I N 1 8 3 2,
Linen Hall
Linen Hall and Mar k et
Lur g an Arm a gh .
O.S.12 19
O,S, SHEETS 1835,
rope walks I N 1832..!.
Two Rop e Walks
Rope Walk do . Armagh
Ken n edies
Drumgreenagheena g h
LI Linen cotton AND spinning mills I N 18 3 2,
Spinning mill
Spinning Factory
Two Co t ton Factories
Drying House
Cotton Factory do .
Two Thread 1anufactories
Kennedies
Crossdened
Lisdrumchor Up p er do .
Lisdrumchor Lower
Tully all en Clo gha revan
. s . 19 .
Old Mine s
Smelt t Mill Bridge
Lead mines
Dr umgreenagh
Cla y do . Carrickgallogly g allo g l
O,S, §BEETS 1835,
Bann foot Ferry
Maghery Ferr y
Goodlatts F e rr y
Rus h es ferry .,
Robbs Ferr y
Derr y caw
Derrymacfall
Derrybrughas
. s . 4 5
o,s, SHEWCS 1632,
P0 1: BRIE S I N 18 35,
P ot t e r y d o . do . do . do . do .
De r r y caw
Ardr e s s Westst
Derr y bru ghas
Dunavall y
Clo nm ain
Derr y c rew
Cor ill
Booth ' s Mills
Cor nmill s
Cor nm ill
Gregg ' s l · ills
Bond ' s \i ill
Cornmill) )
Kiln )
Heid tt • s Kilns
l ill in rui n s
Corn.mill
Dyne ' s mills
corn
Derr y lee
Derryau gh
Tullymore Etra tra
o .
Carric kaness
Ballyassey
Au gh nacloy
Diviney
Ann a hugh
Kilmacanty acanty
Corculle n tr am ore
Artabra ckagh
Drumnakelly
Ballynaghy
Crossmscahilly aca illy
Tynan
Tullyelmer
Lisadian
Ballaghy
Corn mills and Unspecified mills
Cor
Corn Kiln
Cornmill
Tamlaght
Umg ola
Lis b anoe
Baltar a n
Ballynahone moreore
Le g acorry
Ballynewry
Ahorey
MarlacooMore ore
Druminure
Derrya l le n
Modoge
Un shog
Balteagh
Lislanly
Drumcanver
Ennislare
Tassagh
Ballee r
Latmccollum a c ollum
Bally o ran
o.s, SHEETS 1835,
corn mill
Kiln
Cornmill ~ill
Corrunill do . do . do . i ll s ) )
Kiln )
Cornmill do . do . do . ) ) )
Cornmill ) )
Corn Kiln)
Two Cor nrnill s
Cornmill do .
Cornmill ) )
King's mills 1 ill )
Cornmill
Tanderagee
Drumachee
Gosford Demesne
Drumgane
Clare
Shanecracken Beg .
Mullagh more
Derrycughan
Bran n ock
Tullynacross
Clay Crossnamoyle
Dundrum
Crossdened
Cladymore ore
Lurgana
Drumharriff
Keadymore
rt
ri c kdu
Corrunill ) ) · Aghyalloge Kiln ) 31 Ruins of mill Drummu c kavall f ill ) ) Ball's Mill ) Ballynaclosha ) Kiln ) Cornmill ) ) Kiln ) Shean ) Mi ll )
o, S, MAPS 1635, FLAX ILLS IN 1832,
O.S.7 Flax iill
Tullymore Etra do . Carrickaness
9 do. Corcul lentra more do . Drumnakelly
12 do . Ballaghy do. Kennedies
13 · do . Rockma creany do . Ballynewry do. Ballybreagh do . Ballyloughan
Two Flax Mills
Flax Mill
Ahory
Marlacoo Beg
14 do . Derryallenen
15 do. Derryhaw do. Drumacanver
O, S, MAPS 1832,
FLAX
lILLS I N 1835,
. s. 16 Fl ax mill in ruins
Flax mill
17 do .
do .
do .
Two Flax mill
Rou gh an
Ba lleer
Dr u.m ac b e e
Lur g abo y
Cordr um · ond
Drumg ane
do . Clare
do .
do.
do .
do .
-_
Flax mill
do .
Br y and rum
Ball y s h iel more
Ball y s h i e l Be g
Sh anecracken Beg
Br y andrum
Killycarn Up per
do . Mullaghmore
do . Derrycughan
Flax mill
Tullynacross
do . Drummond
do . Corkley
Two Flax iills
Flax mill
Bally lane
Lisdrumchor Lo wer
do. Tully all en
do. :r. Mountnorris
do . Keadymore
do . Lisnalee
do . Keady Beg
do . Drumh arrif f
do . Ballydogherty
do . Knockduff
do . Tullyvallan
do . Carrick g allogly
do . Carrickannay
do . Latt
do . Cross
do . Glassdrummond
§HEETS
Tullyrowan Timakeel Derryanvil Ballymagerny Richmount Tevanagh
FLOUR : 111s I N 1835 -
Flour ' ill do . d o . do . do . do.
Two Flour - ills do .
Flour dll
Two Flour Mills
Lur gyv allen
Umgola
Ballynahone Beg BallynahoneMoreore
Derryallenallen a Ballyards
Racarbry Crossmore
Tullyvallan val an Lisdrumgullion gu li on
Coe .. ill in d ill
ind ill
indmill Hill
indm ill Stump
indmill
•indmill Stump
indmill
lour indmill
Ol d in ill
Drumanphyanphy
Derr y trasna
Clankilvoragh
Lur g antarry
Clonmainain
Corrcullentranmore
Drumna c an ve y
Armagh agh
Tullynacross
Clonmore Eglish Aughacommon
Dogher
Cavandoogan do ogan l· Madden
Ballymacnab
Drumla c k
Branno c k
• C • · do . do. do . d o . do. a p el
Two R.c. Ch ap els
.c.
Crossnamoyle
Granemoreore
Cladymore
Knockava11non
Tullyherron
Lissummon on
Tullyvallan
Carric kann ay
Lislea
Carrickcroppar cro ppa r
Cully n anna Big
Shanroe
Ballinlis s
Ellisholding
Monog
Moybane
Glassdrumanan
Shean
Drurn atee
Ed ena pp a.
Pres
Two
Presbyterian eeting House
Evangelical House
Presbyterian meeting House
Seceding meeting House
Presbyterian meeting House
l meetingHouse
Dissenters Meeting House
Presbyterian meeting House
Temple Presbyterian Meeting House
Redrock Seceding Chapel
Presbyterian Chapel
Presbyterian Meeting House
Ballynary
Lurgan
Clonmain
Cloveneden
Edenderry
Armagh
Ri chhill do .
Ahory
Clare
Derry all en
Lislo o ney
Farnal oy
Drumhillery
Mowillin
Cavangr o w
Coolmillish
Clare Ballinan
Seceding
Lisnagree
presbyterian·S I IJ 18 35.
Seceding l eeting House
Presbyterian Veeting House
Covenanters Chapel
Presbyterian Chapel
KingsmillsPresbyterian meetingeeting House
Presbyterian eeting House do. do. do. do .
Seceders Meeting House
Presbyterian Meeting House
Tassagh
Crossdened
Knockavannon
Tullyallen
Lisadian
Mountnorris
Knockduffe
Kil monaghan
Altnamackin
Tullyvallan
Cortamlet
Freeduff
EelWeir
TanYard
Archery r y Butts
Mineral Sp rin g
Glenoran We ll
Aqueduct
, MineralSp rin g
i Manof War Inn
Aqueduct
Mountain House Inn
Glass \ works
Salt Works
Slate Quarry
Spa ell
Welli ng ton Inn
Cor & Aug h anta r ra gh
Cl oun agh J
Palace De DemesneArmagh
Ballynahone Mo r e
Teemore
Cargins
Latt a c ollurn
Clay
Dun.drum
Drurnilly
Lisdrum gullion
d o .
Creggan Duff
Ballintemple
Fatho m Lower
HfBBACKS, MILITARY, POLICE, ETQ, , in 1632,
County Prison ) )
Infantry Barrack · )
Police Station
Police Station
Infantry Barracks) )
Cavalry Barracks )
Ordnance Ground) )
Old Barrack Yara)
Barrack
Two Police Barracks
Barracks ) )
Old Barrack)
Armagh Madden
Crossmore
Lisdrumgullion
Camly Ball
Shanroe
Shean Edenappa.
ri c rard
Brick
Brick Field
Brick Pit
Brick Field
Brick Kiln
Brick Fie l d
Derrycaw Knockramer Aughacommon
Corr and Dunavally
Keenagan
Garvaghy
Corcrai n
Derrydor rag h
Lisbane
Tullybrick-Hamilton
Shan tally
Dorsey Mullaghglass
Camly Ball
GH r r 1
rl n lead mining nin g again te come s a p rofitabl e s p eculat· 1 n Ir and, several i i r e s .1 ay b e op ened in the o· t Ar a g . re i1 as 1 a2 J. found in ·.:~ any di stricts, ::.ac:i i ng Keady y , Newtownhamilton il to n , Crossmaglen s swaglen, Forkhill
Markethill Ballytyrone o yre, and l Middletown A mine v-ra s ur~ed, o t far f ro m Keady, ~ o r e than f ifty y ears since, ut v e e _enditure fo r d evelo pment purposes was so g reatly in excess of the yield tb at the enter pr ise was not p ersevered in . TI e mine at Cre gg anduff, in tne n eighbournood of Crossmagle n , ~1 as no t be e n worked for tu ore than fifteen y ears. ining was iscontinued at Tullydonn ell, also -rithin a s·.., ort aistance of Crossmaglen, about t he sa me time. ··Jhile · o d asted or smelting, ~1 ining was carried on n ear i:- e Newtownhamilton · amilton . T' at was a long time ago. l in vei n s of coal, s a id to b e of fair quality, h ave .... een ·scovered in the parish of 11ullaghbrack, district of ar ethill, in the vicinity of Charlemontont, and in the arishes of Tynan and Killylea . So me indications o f iron . ave ec noticed, ut they are not regarded as of uch co sequence.
Limestone 1 sto ose t t 01 o d qualit i s extensivel y quarried cit of Ar magh, nea r Lough gall and Tynan .
1 r gh limestone estone · as a. p ink tin g e which is i · pro ved in eat· e ri ed marbleis al so quarried in the vic"nit f Armagh It p olis h es pr ettily, and at one p eriod uas used very uch fo r mantel pieces In the sou h - astern p art of the county there is an abundance of excel 1t g ranite. It is quarried p rofitably at t h e wor s f tie Bess b rook Spi nning Company, Limited, b etween Bessbrook ro and Camlough laug h , and by anot h er f irm at Goraghwood . Sliev Gullionion, which rises to a h eight of 1, 893 feet above tne level of the sea, at the south-eastern point, is an offset of the granite d istri c t of county Down. The top is flat, and contains a lake. During the su c cessful day s of , illi ng , the Slieve Gullion granite 1,,-1as highly stee ed ~or grinding pu rposes . Its composition includes feldspar, ica, quartz, and hornblend e. Veins of pink quartz, in the g ranite, are of frequent occurrence . A ard stone, ap p roachi ng to dark blue in color, called 1,vhin i this county, is found in various places Several slate quarries have b een opened, but none are worked . 1 t e oun ains of the county are named on the ap , t e rent of he book and their heights given . The
i al so . ar d on h e ;i ap . For so me ti me the
v e . "' u n der t he c o ntrol of the Great I- e n
Northern t r 1·1e ort · rn, r id d le, a DQ sou t hstern ~i tricts a re ~airl y - ell supp lied with b road
a g e r s ut t h re i s sti 1 roo m or n arrow g auge
r _ises lic e t· ose which i1 ave rescued ~1u ch 01 the co Antrim tri i fro ·:!l isolation . A narrow g au g e roa d
e~t s t e count y at Caledon, and e nd s at Tynan, one ile - or d er . It is called tj e Clogher Val l ey steam
~ra a a y, - ia
A line of tnis l.. i n d from Bl ackwaterto,•m to ~ ag· city, -muld b e a great conveni e11 ce to
.. a er s and otner s. Some time ago the Grand J ury g ave
a aro · al guarantee for -'- ,,.renty "ears to a Co mpany
r g anized f or .!..,. e purpo se of building tbe tramway, bu t wou go no furthe r. The s ha re_olders were desirous of doi g al they could in the atter without incurring th-e risir o loss . T' ey could n ot, how ever , b e co n v in ced
ha t a guarantee ·or su ch a s1ort p eriod would b e sufficient, and ' e _roje ct e· ains in abeyance. n ele c tri c tram -
' · ree ~ iles in engtn, c on ects Bessbrook with Newry .
uilt a s a p rivate enterpris e by s h areholders of t ss rook Spinning Company, Limited, and opened f or r ffic Octo ' r, 85 . I n 1 86 it carried 97,668
asse e s. asses are
TI ates n ~he public roa d over which it e ed and closed automatically by an invention
r . HenryB Barcroft t 1 s. I n t hi s ~ an ner a saving in a es s fe cted, which would b e a very serious ite in t or ing expe ses.
r , -e r 1 87 it cost t h e county £19,130 16s . ·'"' or re .i: airing a little o ver l,575 ·uiles of roads.
ro avi gab le wat er- way s f acilita e the carrying rade 1 t1e county . The x ore important se pa rates t e County D wn ro Ar magh . It run s 1 ro m the t.idal - asin at Fathom om, elow Newry to Lough e a gh , and is served by t· e Bann and t· e I Newry river. T- e d epth of water is suf · cie_t to fl oat lighters 70 tons burden. Direct co unication ~dtn Belfast is se cured by mean s of the Lagan Canal, via Lough Neagheagh . Coal, grain , timber and ge eral erc1andise for - the cargo~s. Tne Newry Canal was ne irst of the ind completed in Ireland. About ifty ears ago conn ection wa s effe cted between Lough Erne and Lough eagh, by eans of the Ulster Canal. This pas~ es for a considerable distance along the western and nort -western orders of Armagh . It is oeing largely Ken advantage of at pr esent y so e of the leading
t City Armagh . - e sh i pp i ng p la ce
Blackwatertown distan t our ., ile s. It is t 1e UlsterCanal s yst em will b e s oon v er y
i • pro ved by t e Uls t er Ca n al Co mp a ny wh o re c ei ve
os es ~t thi s Te a r - 1 88 8 - un d e r spe cial Act
P r ia ent .
l :..1 a nu a ctu r i n g ·nte r est s o f Ar u agh , con si d ering
its ·ea in s ~at u t e a cr e s, are 1}10r e i mp ortant t h an t h ose
a ny t r Iri s-.1. coun t y, it h , p er'::i a p s , a sing le ex ce ptio n .
~we n ty - seve n out o f the t hir t y - t wo , a r e l a r g er . Four
re ore th an d ee t h e siz e, an d s i x ~ ore th an t h ree
t i , e s t e s ize . Do i:.m to th e clo se o f t he seve n tee n th
cen ury t' e woolen i ndust r ~ua int ain e d a sub s t ant i al
"o ti n g . I t 1a s t h e n e s t r oy ed y l e gislation i n f avor
0 . e · glish . ~anuf a c tu r er s . S t 4- .L o e a ve p ~s ave b een
ade at revival , u t i t ha s n o w n o r e p rese n tati on .
cotton s p i n n ing a nd wea v ing were c arri ed on in th e f irst
al o f h ce n t ury .
1 sat Gl enanne . Un til 1856 ther e were exte n sive
At p r esent the re i s n ot a ill -wi t h in
e 1 1 · s o f th e cou nt y d ev o ted ex c lu si v e ly to co t ton
s _,; e ' r :...a ge · a r L, ca p iual p ossessed by re side n ts,
f 1 t b e ong i ng to Belfast~
r _ e 1,> ast - if t y e a rs a g re a t d eal as b een
·a y f d evelo - aen t, -J articularly at Lu r g a n .
i .l. et 1' e linen indu stry, in al it s branches,
1 eav · 1g , 1e s titc hing an d fin ishin g o f camb ric and i i e in.1a i ants . handkerchiefs g ive :.!l ploy · ent to a large nu- b er of l ie i rst machine hem stitchinging fa c tory
..a..• J Unit ed in g do m, on'" r . Jos . B . Ro be rtso n ' s p atents,
as rec ed · e re . Linen s o f very d esc rip tion, damask and ea , · ics a re s e n t "ro - Lur g an all over he world .
U t· a c pa ratively recent p eriod th e weav ing was n early
a l o ~ ·y hand loomss . Lur g an i s a centre f ro1 1hi c h
·arns are g ive n ou t to b e woven by cottage weavers
no· s an~ s f the se wen live in he adjoini ng County of
D · ' n a tnousand s in Ar agb and o ther Cou n tie s. Th ere
.... r re - ower loo weaving f a c tories i n Lur g an , about a ozen ac1ine hem stitching t f ac torie s, p ri n t ".vor --s an d
sev ral ini sni ng wor k s.
Po ta 0\-f!l as four lin e n we aving fa c torie s, on e f l a x
Spi i g ill , an d se veral he-··stit ching fa c torie s. It
a ..,o a centre or · t :1e ·· anufa ct ure of l i n e n , and lin e n
n c b ric handkerchief s by han d. l ooms.
n City of Ar agh and vicinity there are four o r loo line n rea vi ng factories, and two power loom coarse i en weaving a c tories, one at Allistragh and ·~ e o-'- 1 r a1., Lisleaea. T"1ere is also a large flax s p inning ill at Ar wa g 1 . On tne Armagh side o f the Bla ckwater, at Benburb, h re is .a power loom factory fo r weaving co rse linens, and on e also of a similar kin d at Dundrum Tassagh
tensi ve power loom li n en weaving factories are si uated at Be ss brook , Annval e and Darkley, n ear Kead y , at Glenanne, and Laurelvale, Tandra g ee. Tner e are large flax spinning il l s at Bessbrook, Darkley, Tandragee, and on t'1e Ar ag h side of Ne rry. Blea chi ng and finishing are done at vale, Portadown Gl e nann e, Bessbrook and Milford ord. whiskey di stillation, at o n e p eriod carried on wit1 large ca p ital, .na s ceased. The only brewery in t e Co unty is at Lur g an . There are t hr ee mine ral water a ctories, all at Lur g an . Two tanneries at Richhill
... resent the County . Coach-building is done at Ar magh , Port a down and Lur g an. Bacon-curing for exportation is a new i dust r y . Two firms are engaged in it at Portadown . ere are flour and corn mills at Armagh , Portad o m, a n d
dra a n a large number of small corn and s cut ch i _s are scattered t i roug1 the rural distri c ts . One i 1, o t ·1e Ca llan , repre sents pape r manufacture. In d scri t·on oft_ e towns and villa ge s, the anufa c tures re red to se p arately .
ne eneral trade of the County is co ndu cted on i s indicating sp irit , ability , and enter p rise . In c· ief o\•ms t ' _e co mp etition is very k een, and the et' o s of '1 e ea ding bu s in es s men are admirable.
Bassett t • s County Armagh - pp.19 - 27.
I n t i e r eat er ) art o f t i1 co un t y t 11e soi l is
er tile, ,., d ~- a b e wor k ed p r of itably ·when fair p rices can b e o · t ai n ed f or p r oduce. Th e for mation affo r ds
a cil i t i s r or drai n a g e, a n d t h e re is an abund a n ce of
limestone est on e. y as ste ; of tr e at ~ ent called h e a ti ng , t h e ·o gy i stricts are ca p a b le of y ie l di ng g ood cro p s.
1i s c o e sists of li gh t ing p eat f ires around a s p ot about to be p lanted "1i t n p otatoes or oats. Tt 1e surface is also s .. ri n kled 1.<l th hot ashes, a n d wh.e n war med t h oroughly, so f orces ve g etation that results are ac h ieved equal, if not su p erior, to t h ose sec u red fro m th e r ich est loam lands. e n t n is p rocess is n ot a pp lie d , th e oat cro p ~ a rdl y p a y s . or t h e labor.
T1e Sout h ern section, i n cludin g the b aronies of Upp er Fews and Up p er Orior, h as much rocky an d barren land. Granite boulders are plentifully distribut ed over t h e surface, and t h ere are other o b stacles of a di scouraging n ature. Th e northern, eastern, western and iddle sections of the county are thickly populated, and t ' f arms are s mall, p articularly in the d istricts where andlo om weavi ng is don·e in al most every cotta g e.
Bu or the h el p g iven by 1t h e bit of land t h is industr would ver y s p eedily co me to an end. I· any of t· e weavers h ave a pp le orchards , and b etween the various • odest sources of i n co me co nt rive to live comfor t ably .
Fruit g ro\-ving is an extensive feature i n t· e di stricts of Portado wn , Lou ghgall and Richhill. Re p rese nta tives of the Scotch and Eng lish pr eserve manufacturers c o e over ever y season and purchase a ppl es, damsons, plum s, gooseberries and curra n ts, in large quantit ie s, - irect rom t he far mers. Pres ervin g is also do n e by g rowers and merchants in the count y .
Owing to the .great number of s all farmers, ther e are few large dairies or stock ast e rs. utter a ng is chiefly done in lump, and t h e rn erchan us p ac k for exportation .to suit their own require ments.
At the flower, dog and poultry show, h eld at rm a gh City in July of this year, t he re wa s a de p art ~ ent f or butter, in which several prizes were offered. It g ave an opportunity for a lecture to the farmers and their wives and daughters, by Canon Bagot, whose work in this field has proved valuable in iunster and Leinster. There is no regular farming society existi ng in rmagh, but the county is represented in the orth- ast
ric lt ral Associatio of I reland , oy ~ou r vice - p residents and a lar g e array of co mm ittee men . At the annual shows of t is excellent organi z ation :J any residents of Ar · a gh are exhi bi tors in t e l iv e sto c k , poultry and honey depart ·1 e nt s.
Two or n it h olo gica l societies flou r i s h in t_e c ount ,
one at Lur gan si n ce 188 0 ; and the other at Arma h, sin ce
188 3 . Bot societies h old annual s h o·ws or poult r y , p i g eons an d cage - b irds, and, thus rar, i ave be en ost successful i n their objects.
I n 1 88 7 t h e total area under tilla g e wa s 107 , 64 acres, exactly 17 acres more than in the pr evious yea r.
• eadow and clover re pr ese nted 51 , 964 a cres, an i c rease of 3,904 acres over the n revious ... -ear . T. e la r ge st area ·was under oats, 54,231, an in crease of 1,610 a c re s .
Potatoes, 26,871 acres, showed a de cr e ase of 640 acres . Tnere were 12,738 acres of flax, c owpared Tith 13,346 in 1886 . In a few localiti e s where t h e land is ver y e avy, t_e far mers still stick to wh eat, bu t they see · to b e losing faith in it every y ear . Last year the acrea g e was 2,552, a redu c tion of n early 1,000 acres, co mp ared with that of 1886 . ~nere was a considera bl e i n crease in the area devoted to turnips, ,..- ang el wurzel, car ots and p arsnips . The turni p acrea g e was 7,998 . The
calc at~on in r e g ard to the a mount of cab b age required or tne entire c ounty h as evi d ently been b rought do m to a v ery rine point . In 1886 t ne re were 332 acres devoted to it, and 336 acres in 1887 .
Live stoc k statistics s how a striking difreren ce be t wee n he ye ars 1886 and 1 87 . Tn e total nu ber of h orses in the former y ear was 13 , 239, a n d i n t n e l atter y ear 13,710 . Of t h ese 10,7 24 were used f o r a g ricultural purposes in 188 7, and 10,746 in 1886 . Th ere T,rnre 46
ules in 1886, and only 31 8 in 1887. Donkeys seem to h ave suffered in popularity also . T- ere were 2 ,~ 6 in 1887, a decrease of 332 in twelve o n ths. J ilc cows numbered 31,852 in 1886, and 30 ,601 in 1 87, a decrease of 1 ,251. The total number of cattle wa s 85·, 32 in 18 6, and 8 2,42 8 in 1887, a decrease of 2,900. Shee p n ber ed 12,441 in 1886, and 13,817 in 1887, an i n crease of 1,376 . Pi g s increased from 28,696 in 1886 to 30,243 in 188 7, and g oats decreased from 8,902 in 1886 , t o 8 , 892 in 1887 .
Tnere was an increase i n poultry f ro m 403,2 89 to 411,581 . The decrease in the number of r ilcr co ws se e ms to h ave
caused an increase in s h ee p and a decrease in ·ules and donkeys . ?he arket pla ces of t h e county, fifty y eaxs ago, include d ost of the villa g es. r-o·w tne la rge t owns seem
opolize nearly all the advantages derived "ra m the -reat 1ee 1 0 ati1 e rings of '"' ar mers . Ar · a gh city, P rtado m and Lur g an are the g reat centres for tne sale
o ~ro-u ce, live stock, etc. Markethill, e Keady Newtownhamiltonton, Cro ss magl en, and Poynt spa ss, h ave also wee '2 arket s . To thes e points, 'l.':i th so we exce p t io n s, t~ e 1air s are also co nfined . T' e exce p tions are Hamiltonsbawm, Killylea, Ballybot, Ca Camlough , a ls ill, and Forkhill . Bassett 's County Ar magn - pp .37-41.
Milford and Gillis GILL IS 1i7ACTORI S.
• i ord, 01 the r i ver Callan l an, i s d istant fro m
r , a h two i es . T11 e i nh a bi ta n ts, ,:Ji t·1 f ew exceptions,
wor: i1 weaving fa ctor y of v.I essrs . Ro b ert 1,: McCrum
· Co . r . · WilliamMcCrum,so e y ears d eceased, built
a "i ill ' - r e in 18 08 , and it is clai 1ed to h ave be e n t h e
fi st in Ulste r u sed fo r s p innin g flax by the d r y p ro cess .
11 t1e ~ a c 1in e ry or it was br ought fro m Leeds . In
1 8 50 / r . Ro b e rt G. McCrum J.P., change d t he s p inni ng
il l i n to a fa ctor y f or t h e weav ing o f da masks . At
· resen t t· re are · 70 loo ms in full op er at ion, d riven
a 200 ·1 or se- p o,,1er s t e arn engin e, and a turbine of 120
orse . Ab out 450 p eople are co n stantl y e pl oy ed.
Diapers and to 11ellings ar e als o woven at Milford and
ya rn lea c hing i s done fo r t h e use of the c on c e r n only .
Si n ce 1850 • r. Robert G. McCrumh as ~ ade substantial
structural additio n s to the f actory, a nd Das al ost
e tirely buil t the villa g e, of whi c h i t wa y e truly said,
t.at it · s a model of c leanliness and g ood order, the blast dwe ling b earing evide n ce internally and extern-
a y of a benefi ce n t proprietary co ntrol . r. McCrum s
r ) rivate resid e n ce, MilfordHouse, stands in a an ed and ighly orn amented p ark at t he ver g e t· vi lage, a nd co wands a b eautiful view o f the surroundi n 0 country.
n Gillis fa ctor y adjoins the Railway Station at agh. It co n tai n s 220 power looms, and gi ves emp loyent to over ~50 people . The anufactures are linen s, towelli ng s and damasks, and the buildings are of b rick, stone and slate. The Gillis factory was built by the late r. John Gass about the year 1863, a n d was pur chas ed by ·essrs . Robert l McCrum& Co. in 1872.
The p re ises co n sist of nin e acres. 120 orse, pr ovides the otive power.
A steam engine, The warehous e or Milford and Gillis is at 5 Li n en Hall Street, Belfast, -mere t h e business is co ndu cted u n der the style of McCrum?
Watsonand Mercerercer - Mr . Robert G. McCrumand Mr. Wesley
Watson. · r. mercer h as been dead for some ti me.
Bassett 's County Armagh - p.123.
I i DQJ TRY 1 1 C
l,ent y -e a rs ago --r . 1 o
'lr Jo hn Co mp to n , J.P., dur··ng a n er·o cove r g about six y ears, 1 as · ade co i. sid era b e pr o g res s i the work of developin g a r ost p ro i si ng i nclust r .," . His factory at Umg ola is devoted to t he ,e avii g o ~ - i drills a n d damask sk s. founded t h e e nt er p rise.
purchasing, b e g an to re ~ ode l , e nla r g e an d i J ro e , un ti
he secured more. tha n double t h e or·gii a l ca pa ci • e building s, which are of ri c k and sto , are ore exte_ i e than the illustratio n i n di c ates. r e perfected p ower loo s, and the ot ·1 r ne c ess and equi pmen ts, includi ng a stea:~ en up to 120 h orse. e c apa J._ l, 0 ..u C O J. ri i
Yarns are p rocured fro he p ri n ci p al Iris · ·• i - _s from Dundee, Scotland, and so 1e ro il e, e . · anufactured g oods are so ld in · el '"'ast , · a c· ester, o do .. and Northampton .
In ad di tion to the oth er s ubs l, antia=... i prove:.... s effected since Mr Compton 1 s accessio n , it ~ a e _ e n io ed that h e has h ad t wenty hou ses erected ~ '"' or •mr ers. out
vO p re e p lo y ed . Of this numb er t h e g reater
· r t ve in r ug ' an d so me . .L h Wl t,_ t1e ir p arents who
r a
s .. n r . e rs of th e n e ighb orhood. Th e market
square e 0 r agh is l ess t ·1 a n a n glis h \ ile ci istan t
ro· · ·1- acto ry , an d t h e railwa y stat i on is w~thin a
ile and a qua rter .
Umgola a ms a front rank wit h t h e Ll a ny ch arn ing
p aces i _ e i medi a te vicinit y of Ar.'.n a gh . a ctory a n d p re ises occu py b et ween n i n e an d t en acres of
t ! e Callan va l ley , close to t h e Caledon Road . '.f.11 ey are ost surrounded by hills . Half a ill ile f u.rther west
t e site of the palaces of t h e Kings of Ulster comes p ro i n ently i n to view .
i .' ESSRS . WM . H ADDEY & C~
· ' essrs . \wl · . H; Addey & Co 1 s Weaving Fa c tory and Beetling \ orks, at Allistragh, are situated at a distance of two , iles from the Ar magh Railway Station . · They co unicate with the dire c t road to Moyoy, a border town i n Tyrone,cele b rated for horse fairs, and are within two iles of the Ulster Canal, at Blackwatertown
essrs. Wm. H. Addey Co . are anufa c turers and f n shers of coarse linens, known to the trade as Beetlers tl rs, 11 and sell all their output in Manchester where t re r epresented by Vessrs . Jacob Add ey Co . , Marsdan sden
bout 36 year s g o the 1 ather of Hr. 1rlm . H . Ad d e y
s ttracted y Allistragh a n d l oo ke d up on it as a
t a vo ra, l e site fo r founding a n i. p _ortant indu str y • .... os
.e iv er seen in Lh e illustration i s t h e Ca ll an . Upon its ans ' any e terpTises 11a ve b een i ni tiated, and are
no deepl rooted . Thi s fa ct, co upl ed with o t h ers
equa e n c ouraging , i nduced Hr. Acld e y to a cquire premises,
consi st ing OL sixty acres, as a oa s i s for op erat i o n s.
So e of the ·1ouses n o w us ed for bee t l i ng pur p oses, f orty
ears a g o, ··1ere owned by i r . W . C. McBride, a corn merchant a n t.
ore than sixty years p revious to that ti me lv r. McBride s fath er ad a bleach g ree n h ere.
· r. Ad d e y re ode l ed t h e cor n will, a n d pu t in eetling engin es. The weavi ng fa ctor y , vJhj_ch also
o ccup ies he sit e of a cor n ill, -.,1as built by ·1 essrs •
• • Add e y ~ Co.in 1 882 . It co n tains p ower looms, avi ng t he late st i mp rove ment s, dri ven by water and steam. Tro turbin es, with a 40- h orse engi n e as an auxiliary, supply the n ecessary d rivin g force. A portion of the ork - p eople live in cottages oelonging to the property, and t e e ainder h ave h ouses of their own, and s mall rms in th e n ei g1b or h ood.
r . . H. Add ey 1 s p rivate r esidence, a pp roached t rou h a beau ti.fully plant ed avenue, stands on the side
g t e acclivity , corn anding a ch ar mi ng pr ospect.
J George Gray & sons
e ann s n e of ~h e places in th e County Armagh
o ess ing eat ur es o i nterest a p art f rom those conit as a ce n tre of i n dustrial act i vity. Tn e
G en , f or a wile a n d a h alf, is ch ar mi ng ly diversified
y rees, r oes, g reen anks, a nd ru gg ed acclivities.
'i' e , u ildi ng s seen i n the il l ustratio n exte n d fro m a ,
p oi n t fi t in about a ., i l e o f the Railway station at ·
Lough gil ly , to t he h ead o f the Glen, h elpi ng to accentuate
t e p ict u resque effects. At the lower end t h e Traterwhee l s, and in t he u pper regio n , tn e tall chi mney -s hafts,
s endi g h eir clouds of s mok e above the tree -to ps and
eyond t e clif f s, are striking accessories .
S1 Shaw'sLaKe, a b ody of water forty acres in extent, with a depth of about thirty feet, is the reservoir for ·1er pu r p oses . It i pounds t h e Tate river and other .
s a er streams, and lets out fro m ~ay to day suffi cient
o f its store to drive six breast ·wheels and one Ma cad am
tur ine, a g gregating 200 h orse. Three stea engine s, a gg re g ating 180 h orse, are used as an auxiliary. With
t ese a p pliances 316 looms are kept at work weaving , and 34 e ng ines b eetle - finishing linen of all grades fr om
coarse t o fine. 1essrs . George Gray Sons blea c h as
8 s i s G e roducts of their lo oms, h aving plenty read 0 r und available in t h e li mits of a p ro p erty 5 acres . From 400 to 500 p eople are e ployed i e various e p art:n n ts. .ost of these live in the v · 11age G Glenanne,·whi ch contains a.bout 60 houses e ongi g to · : essrs . Gray . Th e fi r m co n sist s of Mr. GeorgeGra y , J.P., FT . Joseph H . Gray, J.P., and l" r . Wm • . Gray. an early lea c n g reens were esta b lishe d in -the Glen at riod, an d about vh e y e ar 1818 , the ate -r . William Atki n son settled a t Glenanne and ere cted extensive cotton spinning and weav ing ~ills. In 1841 lv r . George Gray acquired po ssessio n of the mil l s and p re mises, an d continued t1e cott on • anufacture for fifteen y ears. He then remodeled the buil ding s to suit the anufa ct ur e of linen, and the ills h ave since been mu ch enlarged.
Basse tt's County Armagh - pp .125, 127,159 .
·t i c para tivel y s · ~r t p eriod, a ch ang e h as .L lo ... o
1 e =et· o so • anu acture at Portadown
te s ery son o i s p ens e entirely wi th the _ .. a hand loom· weavers. wenty ears ago o ver se ustrious ard - worki ng p eople lived in · · strict . Go od au t h orities agree th at the t is not abo ve ~,500. The y ouiLg p eople the occupa ti on of t · eir father s to an · ec · al,.J_e - t..e t, and a great , any of the a . ilies h ave
e i,...ra"'" d . I po er-loo ha s b ee n r esisted as lon g as OS ' ut it as l at -er ly been co ing into f asnion
a rush . n e re are four la r g e factories now
i .. ..;rati n , i v ng e pl oy ent be t wee n t en to upward of ' ople, t· e _ajo rit y of wh om are fe ales. Messrs . Watson r Armstrong !') Co ., J . J. Ac h eson Co., Castle Island n Co pany , nd Grimshaw shaw r McFadden. Flax
Tow spinningessrs . D. Graham · Co., p rovid es or bout 400. e s titc hing by achinery
r co a o e quite a· ro i s ihg ~ea tu r e of .the
industries o town an d d istrict . _eo p le re e p la y ed as a be gin n ing.
Bet ween 500 a nd 600
Those p artly eng a g ed in it are ·ressrs . Tho mas Da wso n , An drew J . Lutton '"' Son, 1 Hamilton Robb obb, William Co wdy, Joh n Malcolmson Samuel Wilson,. . . Stewart & Co., John Gilbert, and Moneypeny [Moneypenny] '' Watson,at Cornascrebe. 11f essrs .· Spence Br y so n Co . are he stitc h ers by hand . All t '1ose · e n tio n ed are li n e n ~anufacturers by h and-loo m, and give emplo ym e n t i n t n e aggre g ate to nearly 6,000 cotta g e-weavers o f t h e Port a do vm and ot i er distri cts of Ar ma gh , an d of t 1 e co unt i e s o Antrim, Down, Derry and Ty rone. 1essrs . Th omas Kernaghan, Portadown, John Montgomery & So n s, Derr y vo r e, Ro b ert eid
Son, Tar son, and Ja me s Irvine Annett, iv e rside, are also linen anufacturers by h and-loom. T1e nu b er o ,eavers they employ is included in t h e calculation. It is necessary to explain that the same weavers are not exclusively empl oyed by any one anufa cturer. Yarnboiling and preparing are also done at Portado vn1 . Porkcuring has become an important branch of industry t· is year . A distillery co n suming 3,000 to n s of malt, bere and oats, and a brewery , once flourished in the tom, but are no longer in existence.
:r carr i g trad e b et ween Port adown , Ne wTy a n d el ast via t i1e Newry Canal, Lou gh Neagh and La g an Ca nal , is still su ccessful. The Newry Ca nal j oi n s tne Bann about an Ir i s h ile sout h - east of th e tovm, and co n tinues t · na vi g a ion s y ste · to Lou gh Hea gh , 7 I rish miles.
· e La g an Canal also joi n s Lou gh Neagh so tnat vess els up to 70 to n s burden ma y g o f ro m Belfas t to e 1:rry by wa y of Port adown . It take s one da y to g o to reHr y f ro m Portadown, light, and two days wi t h cargo go i ng or returning . Frei gh ts, co n sisting of coal, g rain, timber and g e neral erchand ize ,. are usually risk enough to 11 ake t h e trade pr ofitable f or four individual boat owne rs, and four firms of boat owners. Th e tolls on t h e l ew--ry Canal are 6d. p er lock p er boat, light, and ls. 6d. with c a r g o going into Nevrry , and 2s. p er lock, with cargo, returning . ere are 13 locks. I early all t he masters of boats s are profit s with the owners. About a t h ird of t1e number live with their familie s on board t he b o a ts. TI1 e comp etition is so ke en that t he re is no o pp ortunity to exact hig rates. Between Belfast and Portadown t1e trade 1s quite large. Boat s up to 85 tons bu r d en are tow ed by steamer from the La gan Canal through Lough Nea.gh to Po rt down . The toll is 9-} d. p er ton car g o; nothing on
regist r. tone ti me Portadovm had direct co mmuniation by boat \vi th Scotland and ales . no th limit . Belfast is Bill before Parliame nt this year, 1888, provides or the dredging, deepening and widening of t h e Lower Bann, for improving its cn an n els, the construction of sluices at some of the weirs, and the removal of obstructions . It resulued from t he appointment of a Royal Commission wnich sat in Portadown, last year, with t e view to the collectio n of testimony showing the injury caused to occupiers of _ farms along the Upper Bann and its tributaries by flooding. This year, 1888, it
is estimated that 4,ooo acres, within the area referred to, were flooded, and that the loss caused thereby aggregated £20,000. The Bill p rovides t_at a sum of £65,000 shall be expended in order that the summer level of Lough Neagh ay b e perpe tually r aintained. T1is it is believed can b e effected by the works co nte plated in the Lower Bann. The propo sal of the Government is t1at £45,ooo only of the gran t shall be repaid, whi ch sum is to be levied upon the lands in the catchment area of Lough eagh, i n cluding the towns of Portadown and Lurgan.
So e anxiety has be en felt lest the na vi ga tio n et een
Lough Neagh and Portadown , ay b e i pa ired y e
r eductio n to su er level, but it is be ieved ta t care will be taken to safe guard t hi s va able interest .
Bas sett's County Arm a g! - pp . 277 - ~79.
LDU STRY I I co, Af ·iAGH I i- 1888 ,
THE IRK ENTERPRISES T Annvale and Darkley
The enterprises growing out oft e life-work oft : e late l'r. William Kirk, a n ative of the Coun t · flourish ~at various points alon g t 1e · a nks Antrim e Callanlan . r. Kirk b egan hi s career at Annvalevale , n ear ad , in 1 4 using one small building, n ow devoted uO eetle · inis l i g in con n ectio n with h is efforts as a oleac: e r. va e afterward b eca e one of t h e fine st le a c· gree s i Ireland, in cluding in spre ad g roun d s, wor sa nd fa c tories about 250 acres. Th e wor 1{: done auring · is t · c and still continued, included li n en weavi g , eac i , d ein and finishing. There are 200 p ower l oo s, nd ee i works at different points on the Ca llan, extend · n for six miles - Ballyards, ioneyquin, Tassagh Greenmountount, Annvale, Millmount, up p er and lower, t he Glen Corclea [Corkly] ea and Darkley. Some 600 people are emp loyed at va e and its b eetling connections.
The extensive buildings at Darkley a ~ile and a h alf higher up the river, were erected by l ' r. Ii li Kirk, in conjunction with his son, • r. William · Kirk • irk, and are devoted to flax spinning a nd linen weavi ng . -r- e 111 contains 8,000 spi n dles, and the fa ctory 2 0 po ier
looms. here are 137 acres i n t n e n re ".ises and J.arr
elon gi g to this enter pris e. About 700 --,ork - p eo p le are e · ployed. - r. Kirkdied ·n 1871, leav ing the business and estate to ~ r. Jon Kirk : is el de st so J e died in 1873, and his b rother, Mr. William lia . Kirk, s trustee, then formed a pa rt ners : i p u n der t h s t l e
WilliamKirk and Son. Four y ears later ' e oun aed a second pa rtnership under the style of illia2 : . Kirk and partners. Two y ears afterward t h is sanction of the Court, acquired title to . William Kirk and Son. The u artners were r . e of i ia • Kirk, - r. William Gardiner, l r. Sa muel C. Magee a d ' r .
Alex. Wallace , r. Gardiner died in 1883, - ·r . illia ...
• Kirk in 1884, and r. iage e in 18 6 . e p resent p artners are Mr. Alex. Wallace, rs . ' ary Ga i er nd r . Robert George Wallace.
Tne business at Dar k le y is co ndu cted der · st le of Wm. ~ . Kirk and Co. Nearly all the linen - ~oven · ere is taken over by Messrs. Wm. i Kirk and partners . e two fir~s work in unison, bu t '-he interest in Darkley le s owned by the trustees of William L Kirk. One o e handso est warehouses in Belfast b elongs to ~essrs. •
• Kirk and partners. It stands at the corner of Donegal all
qua square s . ere are age n c ies of the •irm at 44
i ... e Stre t, r ew York; Red Lion, Court, Cannon street
an Bread treet, Lo ndon ; Portland Stre e t, Manchester,
an e D'aboukir bou ir, and 24 Rue St . Marc Paris . Bassett ' s County Ar ma gh - pp .169-170.
RY I N CO ._ARViAQH I N 1888,
LISLEA,
Lislea is a villa g e 4 · iles south - west of Ar mag h .
Te nouses are scat t ered. It is in the Calla n valley, once, at tnis p oint, the site of exte n sive bleach g reens. Tow t~1e only industry is operated by }/ essrs. Thomas Wynne& Co. Th ey are manufacturers by ~o ower loom of buckram s, hollands, and p acking canvas, and i n the ·factory and be etli ng ills g ive empl oy ~ e n t to about 200 people .
Bassett 's County Ar magh - p~l79 .
Il DUSTRY I N CO. A iAGH I P
~LESSilS.._ J OSEP H Orr
IV'. e s s r s. Jose p h Or r : So n s are .aanufa c tur s ~ y ,.. o· er
loom of li n ens of d if f ere nt kind s . re , c _w . r and inis her s. Tae f a ct or y o chief 1~ po ·t an ce : s situated on the Arm ag h s ide o ft e Blackwater an · i known as r ·Milltown town · i ll s , Benburb , Coun Tyrone be seen f ro m the illustr ation, t ~ -;: are J. e ~o " e ·· c · resque pla ces d evoted to indusLrial pur p oses . the valley, the sur roundin g ·1eight s, a n t~ for m a lovely co mb i na ti on .
The factory build in gs and beet i i l of sto n e, with b ric k aci ng s. ate n d st i o e re in conju n ctio n for p ower pu r ~ oses . rn · e .1 re '-4 iscs 36 acres. At Tull y doey, -i sta n t a out a i e r d fro m Milltowntown .d ills, there is a an so e privat belonging to this p ropert y . It is of the Blackwater, in T rone, and · as at ac: d 0 ·t acres of land.
Tne warehouse and ills at C Cranagil ' Loughgall e eight miles fro m Milltown Mil l s. oi . a acres, with a private reside n ce. .rr: e late :r . 0 e p Orr
0 unded ! i du s try at Crana gill, fifty years a go .
t ' 1 t im OI 1 . s deat h h e wa s 1ea d of t h e fir m of
Jose p Orr · So n s . It at p resent c on si s ts of 1r .
Ja as Orr, J.P.' and ..,- r . Jacob Orr, J .P. Th e p r in ci
ar et or t °l.1. an uf a c tures is t h e Un ited ~i ng do m.
~1ere are a g en cies at Lo ndon, Manc h ester, Leeds, an d
Belfast. - Cranagill is seven miles fro m t he c i t y of irinagh, and · ill MilltownMills six miles.
al
Bassett 1 s Count y Arma gh - p .1 8 5.
T Tassagh
Tassagh is a be autifully situated villa ge of a few · ouses, · n t e valley of t i1e Ca llan, miles sout h of r. ag , a a ~ iles n ort h - east of Keady The Redford . Linen Co ., Li mited, of Redford, Moy, Co. Ty ro n e, ave a ...,ran ch : ere ror the manufacture, by power-loo m, of buckrams s, hollands etc ., and f or bee tle-fi nishing and dyeing . ployment i s pr ovided for about 70 p eo ple
Basse tt's Cou nty Ar magh - p . 208.
Blackwatertown villa e c 11 si s ts of on e lo ng st re t , an. : as
_an· ouses, t ~ e s t ; lo of whi c h su gg ests 0e tter c. a y s .
• e ac ·~ •1at r a n Ulst er Ca nal p ass close to th e village .
Fi t ' ars a g o t1e p opulation wa s al mos t t h ree ti mes
greate r 1., · n a t p_·e St;~1t . Th e c an a l was ot t;_ e1 1. ini s 11 d .
la c k Blackwatertown wa s a n i i:;ipo rt a n t cen1., r e for th distrib tio
f gene r a r e : a n di se . Ve ss el s of 50 to 1·s c urcien T.re re
ab to ... avi g ate t 1e B Blackwater, an d too_ - f r o~1 ere lar 6 e
quan t ities o f g ra i n a nd potatoe ·s. Sto Tes, S L. ill in
existen c e , tell t 1 '"' sto ry o f nthe goo d old days . u T" is
ea r, o r..·: g to a ci is uJ1d e r s tandi ng 1;1 i t :1 t h e railwaycompany
the U Ulster Canal i s be·ng u sed larg e ly by u er c hants of agh .
Bas se t t • s Cou n t y Ar j agn - p . 21 5 .
T Tandragee
In : e irst 1alf oft e ce n tury, Tandragee , as
~: e c nt fa n exte n sive li n en indu str y , and · ad a reat ar t ever e dn es d a y . In t h e season · ~ e sale
0 a al oe avera ge d over £6,000 a week .
a so ·epart ~ ents f or li n en and g en eral p roduce i n ~1i c j
~:.e sal e s averaged over £2,500. A mo n t h ly ,.., air wa s
li~e · sea g reat s u ccess. f o w t h e mar et exists ,, or
a fe 1 p eo p le 10 sell roll butter . fairs_ as been long a dead letter.
Ti1e patent fo r
Th e li nen i ndu str y
in t e to,-m and district is still i mp orta nt , but of t h e
; eo p e e ployed, about 3,000, th e g reater p art ive else ii ere . ne flax spinning mill in to1·m · as about
6 0 ·1oro:ers. It is ovrned by the 1· essrs . Si n ton , wh o plo about 700 at their fa c tory at Laurelvale . r .
ill " a John n Turtle, of lullavilla House, e ploys about ,oo ·1 and - loo linen weavers, belonging to various laces, and -~r . Willi Kilpatri c k , of Cabra Grove, about 500 assatt • s County r a gh - p . ~27.
t t l f his e~ ise , in 1887 , \ r . Thomas Si n ton ms co ndu cting a 1 anufa ct u r ing bu s iness of a ·· , ost
xtensive c' aracter at Laur elvale, the -- ar n s or mi ch ere s ~un in i l s at Tandrage e and Killyleigh , Co . Do wn . e egan hi s career at Laurelvale about t irty-five y ears ago, ing the p lace h i mself. pr operty co sists of about 150 a cres. Of this o ver fou r acres are covered by the uildings se en i n t ~1 e il lu strat ion . I n t : es e the re a re 350 oom s, ·riven by wo st earn engin es of 180 orse po·er i di cat e d. ater Lor conde n si ng purpose s i s rovided ro m a la~e to whi ch a s mall strea i s d irected from Glenoranoran stepps . Th is enhan ces the attractio n s of tasteful y plan ted pleasure g rounds, f acing the fam ily residence ne ar the factory The manuna ctures f ro m the Laurelvale looms in c l ude superior h eavy linens an d s· eetings. Tearly 700 p eople are emp loyed here . Yarns re iven out to cottage weavers to the nu mb er of 1,500 in he counties o f Armagh and Dovm, to be woven i n to h eavy ouse o d linen , and camb ric and linen handker c h iefs . e 111 at Tandrag ee, also illustrated, was acquired by
t • i
8'. O) d
s ndi
Sintonton n
Sinton to
t : ere, v r 9 d . y
ears ago . P re vio us to that ti me andragee Sp i nning Co mpany . It nd of t~e trade , a~ d the r e a re · t about 6 O pe opl e, chi efl y fema l e s . Th e
at i 1 KillyleighCo . Do w.n , ,1as taken by :r . 5, and conducted und er the st yl e . o f Thomas
n s. Li n en : rar n s o'"' the finest g rade are s uun
vork - p eo pl e emp loyed numb eri ng over 500 T] e
s i ess at Laurel val e a n d mill at Tandragee co n tinue to
· e .... a r ied un er the n a2 e of Th omas Si n to n . The
:prop r·e~ s re i s son s, 1 essrs . Maynard Art hu r, Thomas d t FrederickSinton Laurelvale is situated at a
-i sta n ce of a ~ile and a n alf f ro m Tandragee, and th ree
ana a a f i es ro P orta down a ilway station, the
s· i pp i ~g oin t ~or all the ill anufa ct ur ed g oods. Tl e ast office f the ~ir m i s at 3 Lin e n Hall St r eet .
assett • s County Armagh - p . 229 .
Bessbrookspinning CO. , LI ,II TED.
e ... i n e i _ e n s an d cambrics wov en by the loom s of e ess ro z:( Spinning Co . , Limited, are known and ap recia ed in ost o f th e count ries of the world. The istor .. of t e Co mp any ·.. ust, t h erefore, be r egarded as possessi ng considerable i nterest . A fam i ly n am ed Po ll oc k ad a odest woollen i n dustry at Bessbrook at the e n d of t· e ast century, an d own ed the lands of t h e i m ·· ediate vicinity. ·r . Jo s e ph Nicholson su c ceeded the Pollocks by urc ·1a se, a n d ere c ted t ·1e f irst p ower flax s pinn in g mi in Ireland . It was d estroyed by f ire in 1845 .
Soon ai'terwards the Richardson f a~ ily bought Bessbrook . ·
Ti e· ut up a ew mill on a much larger scale, n ear the site o the o ld one . From th at time building operations were carri ed on at intervals until Bess b rook assumed the proportion s o f a populous tovm , one spi nn ing ~ ill alone avi g 22,000 spindles, and one weaving fa c tory from 500 to 600 oo s. A h and-loom weaving fa ctory o c cupies t h e
Spot .... re th e Pollock woollen mill stood . Here the etbods of "t he good old daysu for the p roduction of IUp rf1 e li n ens, a re still p reserved A g reen f0r yarn -
... · rtic ar : ro cess, is also maintained. o pan , in ad., i tion to those J.J entioned, o v r a i e al ong the River Bess, between
Camlough ...u. ..., g. d I Newry At l ount Caulfieldfield[Caulfeild] tn re are -wo ---~--s - on e or spinning, and t h e othe r for oeetle-
i · si n . At Deramore ore a ill for g rani te p olishing and flax scutci ing. At Millvale there ar e two.~ills, ou e or sc- tching and t ·1 e other for g en erati ng powe r or the electric tra way be twee n Bessbrook and New r y . At Craig ore _ re i s a we avin g fa ctory co n taining 160 p ower loo. s. Stea~ and wat er are us ed fo r d rivin g p~ rposes .
r ere a re ni ne steam engines giving a n a g gregate indi cated power f 1,4 0 orse. Six turbines and rour reast ... ee s Nive a united ower of 412 h orse. Camlougn is t e s · rce oft' e Bess . . It eceives h e surplus after supplying h e domestic requirements of Newry About 3,5 0 peopl e are emp loyed at Bessbrook . A b ranch at Lurgan is u sed for p reparing and distributing linen yarns to etween 800 and 1,000 cottage weavers. Tne Dro ,, a lane P1--....... 4g ill at Newry described in the Book of County , .. as 7,200 spindles, and from 300 to 400 Hork - peop.le .
0 recei ve e· ploy,:: ent in the County Armagh, and cord the in-erests of the Company will be found
s .11 OJ. 0 trim . ..ttor any ·rears' n t·1 1876, e BessbrookSpi ing Co ., Li - ited, was o r ga· ized,
t. st ·, s ine ss •1h i c I 1ave oriefly ou.t l i n ed ras
C ducted y - i r . Jo · n G. Richardson a i. d is artner s,
1 es rs . J a · , es F . Richard s on, jun ., r . Joh .l:i . Harris, and - ~r . Henry ry Barcroft t.
Bassett 1 s Co un t y Ar ag l - pp . 239 - 240 .
Portadown I ~stimated J.J_Qp_ulation, 10,000 i n 1888 ~
Por adown i s p leasantly si tuated on the ann , 7¼
iles n ort i1 by u est fro m Dublin, 25 miles south by -.,es t fr.o - ast, 10-} miles n orth-east f ro m Ar a agh , and 5
iles south-,rest f ro • Lur g an. It i s an i ~ po~ t an t junction · n tr:1e syst e . of the Great Northern Railway e~bra cing the counties o f Armagh, Antri m, Dovm, · Monaghan and Tyrone, and i s the chief p ort on th e canal , et wee n Newry and Lough Neagh. The ground ri ses h igh en ough at both sides of the river to afford a great any beautiful sites for villas, and the wealthy residents, in recent years, ha ve taken advanta g e of the m to such an extent, as to greatly enrich the picturesque features of the outskirts. From the manufacturing point of view Portadovm comes next to Lurgan. In its weaving .and hemstitching factories, and spinning mills, employment is given to over 3,000 people , and it is the centre of a district in whi ch t ere are upward of 2,500 cottage-weavers. As a market for general produce it ranks with the foremost towns in the orth of Ireland. The great ma rket is held every
rda a ~ d altnough s everal i n c lo sed p laces ar e spaci lly p rovided for co ndu cti ng tran sactions in c ident
t sa e an~ purc1ase, t ~ ere is an overflow o~ odds - andends tat ' as a fascination f or t il e co untry p eo ple, the effect of wi1ic is quite a using . A p ro mi n ent fi ur e in t· e overflow is t ·1e vendor of seco n d- h a nd clot h ing .
I st le, .J. a n i1 er and g et-up 11e is intens el y dra ati c, and d t h every arti cle of f ered, goe s t n r oug 1 a for sustained by speech and gesture to. a most artistic cli• a . raveling shooting - g alleries, s h ows on vhe e ls, dan ci ng aidens, and venerable acrobats, in a modest wa , s e c ond t· e efforts of the clot hing artist. The ware house windows, an d t 1e side-wal k s in front, on sue· o c a si o s are dressed in b right colors. Indeed, not · ing see · s to e left undone in order to . make t h e da y on e of g e nu ine
P easure as we ll as of business.
Tne residents of Portadown· ave co n siderable taste. This fact soon be comes manifest to t n e stran g er in going t ~ought e streets. l•1 ost of the buil d in g s are wel l cons tructed and sightly, . and t he pla ces of worship, in ar itectural outlines and internal de coratio n , are ver y u above the average. Societies for mental and p sical CUlture exist in p roportion to the requirements of t1e
tj re i s a pub li c pa r k , pu rc hased a n a
t · su~ scri p tion, in whicl. tne p eop e a re
a " · iar ized , · ·vi1 th ,eauties of f ature .
I n ver ~irect ion fr om Portadovm. tne forma ti on of
t e co ~ ~t r T if na vor abl e to agri cultural operatio s .
ad ·s g e e rall y g ood . Po tatoes, oats , and la
are e pri i c ip al cro ps . Dairyi ng i s no t c arried on
as largel r as i t was ten y e ar s a go, bu t it stil ~e c e ve
at -:;ent · o • A gre at ·1a ny o f the far-s e rs "ind - ru · t -
growi g a valu able aid to in co· e. Apple -o r c'1ards are a bundait , espe c ial y to ward tbe west, ..La c ing ou ~g a 1
In t· e season i t i s n ot un co mn on to i nd 20 loads o
appl es o n on e Saturday in Port a~o wn .
Bassett's Count y Ar 1a gh - pp .26 5- 267 .
I r CO ARMAGH IN l
DAVID GRAHAi~ & CO.
•1essrs . David Graha m & Co' s s p i nning -~ ills are so · uated as to be see n f ro m all tr ain s eitner entering or leavin g Porta 01-m, and are well calculated to i mpres s t~e s tranger with the i p ortance of t he town f ro t1e
J ufa ct ur i g p oi n t of view. To e hi stor y o f the ~ ills
date s ro 1 52 . Du.ri n g t h at y ear Hessrs. 1. i ls on , Irwin Co . put up a bu ildi ng two store y s and an atti c in l ight, and 135 feet long, nor flax and to w spim1i ng . Te capacity -a s nor 2,000 s pi n dles. Stimulated by e activity i n t · e linen · rade, p ro du ced by t h e er i c an .ra r, t:ey erected a seco n d building 160 fee t long, in 1865 . It 1as t ro storeys high , fire-proof, and so constr u cte d that it can - e raised to fi ve store y s if ne c ess ar y . le ceilings are lofty, and the roo ms well ventilated . ery extensi ve stores are i n use for f lax, tow, and ot 1 er aterials. 1 e number of s p i n dles wa s in cre ased to 5, 87~ th Porta a own Li n en Co., Li mited, yu rc1 as ed the erst o c cern i
V a • essrs . ilso n , In,dn J:. Co., and -m r ' ,.ed the co ection with their weaving factory at Four ears later, Messrs. David Gra a m Co.
p r C: ased ·' 1 i ls f ro the Port adovm Lin e n Co ., Li :i i te d ,
and e g a n a t o ce to renew t h e ~ a ch i n e r y , and i n cr eased
th .. u "' er s p indle s t o 8,000 . Th e land under pre~ ises
e asure s a li t l e ov er 3¼ a cr e s, i n t h e h ear t o f t h e to m .
• es sr s. David Grah am :i Co. h a ve c on si d er a b ly e x t e nd ed t h e
build·ng s s in ce t h e ir adve n t. A p rivate resi d e n c e ,
stan d ing in han ds om e g ro un ds, and a pp r o a c h ed by a taste -
fully pl a n ted avenu e f ro m Ca s t l e Street, i s a p l asing
eatu re of t h e i mp r o ve-.il en ts 1,vh ic h t hey · ave r. ad e. .t h e
raw ~ a t e rial s pun by r, es s r s . David Gr ah a " Co. f o r t 1e
gre a t e r p art i s o f Ir i sh g rowt h . Flax f ro m Be lg i u r:1 and oll a dar e also u sed. Th e y ar ns ~ a de a r e ch i ~1y p r i e
warp fo r ot h da mask, h eavy li n en a n d c amb ric , an d are
pur ci1ased b y to e p ri n ci p al an u f acturers of Ul st e r and
t h e Co n tinent. Th e engines, a b eam and a ho riz o_t al,
are ca p a b le o f d rivi ng u p to 430 h orse p o wer. Abou t
wor k ers are e p layed . Owi n g to t he central p os ition o
t· e ills t h ese are enabled to g o to t h eir o wn h ome f or
eals. h ose wa o are too youn g to wor k ore t h an half tim e, ' ave excel l e n t facilities f or attendi n g school
e ills a re co nn ected by a siding wit h the Great r ort h rn
Railway . r. David Graham and • l r. Ro b ert Graham co n stitute
e irm of e s srs. David Gra h an & Co.
sset t•s Coun t y Ar ma gh - p .293.
r. IL o as Dawson's ent erprise at Corcrai n House, as en in a state of a ct iv e develop 8 ent si nc e 1 7~ .
I :a t ·1at ear h e be came owner in p er p etuity . Li .1. en -anu acturi n g by hand loom wa s b e gun " ere in 1 40 y ~r .
Josep· ruit t. He b eca me lessee of Corcrain Hous e, t j e bandso e residen ce now occupied by } r. Da wson , an d buil t the stores and offices in con n e ct ion with his tra de, tnirty of t· e ·workers ' h ouses, and the port er's l od ge
seen in the illustration. Mr. · Da wson, since · is accession, as wa de co n siderable al~erations and e xten sions, inc udi ng the erection of a ne ~ stitching factory . He a~so added depart · ents for yarn boiling, pr epari ng, and •-i n di g . bout 400 hand-loom weavers aT e employed in the manu'"'acture of linen and cambric· andkerchiefs, about 60 i side and 30 outside ands in con t. ection ·with tbe hem stitching tci1i ng actory, and from 20 to 30 in the yarn boiling and pr eparing depart • .uent s.
te achinery wa s also intr odu ced by Mr . Dawson. buildings are principally of stone and slate . Belfast r. Dawson 1 s , ar et . Corcrai n Hous e, grounds, factory 4 r ises embrace over fifteen statute acres. The
grouno.s re aste ull y planted and laid ou t. Trees of anY rieties flouri s h in th em. o ng t h ose i n greates t per action are eec, a s h , bi rch and oak . There a re some C' oice s pe ci121 ens of Port uguese and co mm on laurel, Ir i s h •ew, holly - cofil on and varie g ated - a n d a s p le n id array of r-1 o rhodendrons odend ro n s.
Corcrain Hou se is 1-·Ji t nin the town b oun da r y . It i s about three quar ters of a mile f ro m th e Rail wa y station . e Corcrai n river b oun ds th -e p ro p erty on the west, and the Great ~- NorthernRailway on the n orth.
Bas sett•s County Ar magh - p . 29 5.
I
co. ARMAGH I N 1888,
r e o Woodsidelurserynursery co n sists of about six tee n
a res, · n cc - ies the site of the amous Castle Gard e ns
f Port ad m . e r ~e re co 1 verted to nurserv nur p ose s J; -
t: e - ate '.lr . Francis Grant, about fift ee n yea rs ago.
-essrs . u e McGredy an d Son Dough t t he p ro p erty .L ro m
. e t ste s 1. l ' r . Grant, nin e y ears sin ce.
cGredy · a s · ad a lif e-lo ng experience in nursery work and andscape ard ening . S00 e of the f i ne st private p laces
in Ul ter ·1av e ...,e en laid out f ro m ni s d esi gn s, and under is per so n al sup ervision . -I essrs. Sl. McGredy and So n
ave at resent f ive glass h ouses, eac h 95 fee t ·in l eng th,
d a ozen f ra es fo r b ringi ng f orward young stock . Pansies nd violas are a speciality. For s p eci mens of these, ne "'irrn re ceived highe st award at the Show of he RoyalHorticultu ral Soci e t y , Dublin, in 1887, and e ever else exhibited . Rose culture is t h e g reat <..;
eature t eir labors . The stock f or sale in 1 88
ceeded 6 ,ooo. T' ey were awarded f i r st pr izes Lor roses
a, Islee of Manin 18 86 and in 1887, , irst p rize t Glasgowin 1886, first p rize at the Royal
horticultural t ral society ' s Show, Du bl i n , in 1887, and fir st rizas at reeno c , Glasg o w, dinburgh , and else vln ere i n
Scot ~a ·n 886 . The culti vatio n of fruit tre es is st~ll anot~ r e s p ec ial ities . Duri ng t h e Autumn of 7, ver ~5,0 0 a pp le trees were sold at the Woodside e nurserysery . up a ar ~e sp ace . Coni f ers and ornam e n tal shrub s take As many as 50,000 rhododendrons are ten ur c~ as ed y one buyer . Dah lias and g ladioli receive a l arge share o f attention at the h ands of h essrs . Sa mu el -: c redy So n . t : e River Bann . Th e i.'fater sup ply is p rocured from
assett ' s County Armagh - p . 297 .
AGH I N 1888,
Ytl
DiaperHALL ,
.Janufa ct u_ i •1g interest s of Lur gan are almost 6 tirel co ected with th e linen trad e. But for it
'"' t1 e to1•m ~ ight 'av e b een co nf i n ed -,lith in
ve ar o i its . illi a 1va ri ng, b .P. for Hillsborough,
Co t· down introduced the • . anufa ct ure of diapers her e,
· at ari Waringstown abou t the " ame ti we, sh o rtly after the accession of Qu een Ann e , 1702. Ta e p eo pl e of Lur g an an d istrict s· ol!8d an ·ntei l i g ent appre c i ation of hi s - ind-
ess, d ~ ade substant ial progress in a c quiring t h e
ow ed 0 e · ic· 1e i mp arted. -fu e n t : e training ad pr oved
e sal e of we b s b e g an to b e a featur e of the eekl ~ar et . It wa s t' en ·1 e ld on ~riday , in a cc ordan ce
· t· · e .._:J atent g ranted t o 1r. Br ownlow by Will i am III.
Line er · ant s sto o d in th e op e n street, and made purcha ses, pay· g or and r eceiving t e g oods afterward at the hot els.
t t e eginning of the p resent century a Linen Hall wa s bui t y subscrip tion. It was thr onged ever y Friday by hand loomwhoweavers expos ed their webbs on long tables
ro 1 ed ·or the pu r p ose. In 1825 the weekly sales
d
Church Place ali 0 3,0 o. The h all h ad a railing sp ace v~1i ch i s n ow in c luded in .:. n tu al y t i1 e 2' erc 1ant s changed their it t·1 e 1-eavers to su ch a n ext ent t n at . ~es
t e : a ·· s a' 1· s1ed in 1865 . The irst p ower-loom
veavi r- a ct r •a s built b y th e father of ,1r. Ja mes
alcol , . . ' · n 1855 . Up to the p resen t 1is exampl e
as ot 1-,,e ·ollo ed V alf a doz en out o f the large ... -a 1 facturers '1ose na mes are re c ord ed alnhabeti -
cal at _ g e 377 . Lu rgan ~ anufa ct ur ers ake hand er -
· ie s, p ~ain nd e broidered, a great f eature. Basing
a ea c lat· n uu on t: e stat e ' ent s 'Sl ade to me b y ea ch
anuract r r _e sonally, o r h rou gh hi s .., ana g er, I find 1 ,ooo l and -loo m weaver s a re empl oyed in. , e
u.r ra ~ c f ter~ris es wh ol ly o r p ar tly dire cted f ro m
ur~an . e · eavers n earl y all li ve in Armagh, Down, d Tyrone, and the yarns are gi ven out to the at
0 ices ·n Lurgan and at centr al p oints in the othe r
counties . TJ e sa e anu ~a cturers gi ve ou t emb roi dery work to o s ds of romen th rou gh out the pr ovince o f Ulst er.
c::, 00 _eople are empl o y e d as in side wo r ke rs in th e p acto ies and pr eparing departi ents of th e
ctur•rs y hand loom. Sin ce 1866 , 1.·m en the fir st
c 1 factory was ere cted, this bran ch h as in creased
rovides inside empoloyment ent or abou t ~,400
.... rs o, WO breweriesies an distil l er y , .i.. - "' .. a 5, n s 0 rain an nually, --re r e flour i s 1 i n g .
·TO 0 acco factories. On e o f h e b reweries, James Johnston . s 0.1. I S, sta rted over a hun.red y ears ago ,
s s s . i e t h er, t h e distiller y , and t he tobacco
r ·~s a v IJ ee n _·eplac d y mineral ater factories .
brick making - a 1 i_g s carried on to a co n siderable extent .
asset I s County Ar· agh - pp . 357 - 359 .
CO, A 1AGH I N 1888,
S Malcolm 1 1 S Et T&3PRI SES,
• Malcolm shave been f or a g reat many years ro · nen ly · entified with the · anufacturing interests of L rgan . vlr . Ja es Malcolm father of r r. James alcol, D.L., J.P., during the p al my days of handloom weaving •a s extensively enga g ed in the manufa ct ure of cambrick -e introduced power loo ms in this p art of tne c ount ry, erecting a factory for the purpos e in 1855. T' e co , otion created among the handloom weavers was so g reat, that they collected in a body, two years later, a np rent y with the intention of forcing him to abandon t e enterprise . A publi c meeting of the residents of t · e tom, called for the purpose; under the chai rmanship oft senesc al, ' r. John Hancock, J.P., soon afterward, as-ed a eries of resolutions in the highe st degree ompli entary to r. Malcolm, and they were handsomely en rossed and p resented to him . At his death in 1864, e pr set p roprietor succeeded. He had already be en ac ·v asso ciation with his father in the mana ge - ant co cern, and soon b egan to mak e important structural r t·ons ad extensions, in creasi ng the number of power
1 . loom anufactures a r e c onfined to cambr i c
· ic ·1 nd ere· iefs - emp loy1u ent being p rovi d ed fo r
out p eo le in this a e p art ; ent . In 1 66 l r . Malcolm
c as d t e p a ents taken out by Mr . Jose ph B. Ro be rtson ,
d sta : s h d t~e first factory in t he United Kin g do
~0 r e stit chi ng by ma ch iner y . This is situated in Union I
Str e t, and ives e ployment to about 350 p eople . Atfirst it wor ed in conju n c tion ·wi th the weaving fa c tory only, bu l, it i s now al s o used in t e i n terest of other _ ufacturers, and of mer chants of Lur gan and Belfast . e ·uildings and p re mises, in c ludin g t h ose oft e weaving factor off High Street, and the Union Street fa c tory, exten over an area of ten a c res, in the h eart oft e
t wn . Steam is the motive powe r at both fa c tories . . ~r . a co is also an ext ensive sto ck owner in and dire c tor oft e
Be ast . ew orthern Sp i nning and 1 weavingCom p any, Limite d ,
Bassett 1 s Cou nty Armagh - p . 361 .
888,
.~e ss- c:: Johnston .: ston, Allen Co. occu py a p ro minent
p s i t · o a-i ong t ' e ,·anufacturers of Lur g an . Tn e fir !Il
s es ablis e in 1 67 for t h e anu fa ct v~e of li n en and ca:1 ric ad erci1iefs by _andloom, and a b eginni ng was
..1ade · gi vi out y arns to about 500 cotta g e weavers •
· t l i n en rears t ·1is number had been increased to 1,000 .
r e c ot as all sold in t e b rown state. Arrange ents
·ere t h n ade for a bleach i n g and f i nishing de p art ~ ent, and or t · e erection of a emsti tch i ng .L actor y by I ac .tine po~er, · ~c g ave additional emplo ~ en t to 300 i n side wor k ers .
T:e enterp rises enumerated are all carried out in p re mises consistin g of about a statute acre, fronting William Street, and extending to Ulster Street.
rl in 1888 t h e fir m de ci d ed to erect the po 1er loom actory i u strated on t ~ e op po site pag e. :ressrs. Young
d MacKenzie, the eminent Belfast architects, supplied tne esi n, n d by a very important economical improve ent ,
ave ef_e c ted a great s a vi ng of s pa ce in~ e interior
ot t e fac ory . Tae building, whi ch fronts Victoria street, s vl t the pr emises, tree acres. The chi ef aterials t t cture are b rick and g lass. Capacity i s afforded 1
t. n 5 looms, driven by a Coates co mp ound and en i e , 1 orse pO\·l8r indicated . The ch i mn ey s ft is 1 ee t igh, nt a cen tr e cylinder about 60 fe • e erection of the Victoria street fa ct ory a ad ~ - ion of 500 h as be en made to t he total numb er of r_ e pl e.
TI1e anufactures consist of t he finest linen ea bri c and erchiefs, and t h e finest clear lawn cambricbric. i -r . James es Johnston and 1li r . Jose ph Allen constitute t1e ir of Johnston, Allen and Co. assett ' s County Ar agh - p .3 65.
I
CO, ARMAGH I N 1888 ,
SO NS.
essrs. Jon S. Brown & Sons, as manufacturers, h ave a r d - Ti. ~e re utation . Mr . Ja me s Brown laid t h e foundation
0 t. eir b usine ss at Lur g an in 1795, making li n ens and d asks s pe cial features. The late Hr . Joh n Shaw Brown is nep· e , succeeded Mr Ja mes Brown in 184 3. Soon afterward a pa rtnership was formed bet·we e n Mr Brown r. Ja es Magee and ir . W Liddell, and t he s am e line of work cont·nued at Lur g an until 1860, wh en Mr. Magee re tired.
e style f the fir then b ecame Brown and Liddell , and ead-qu rters 1· ere at Belfast . Six y ears later this partnership was dissolved . Mr. Brown then took up t h e wor e n tirely on hi s own account. He built t h e factory at St. Ellen's s, County Down, a view of ·which appears on t , e opposi e pag e. It is situated within four and a half miles of Bel ast, and h as 380 looms engaged in the weaving of ---..u.. sks, inens, bu cks, and towels. The drivin g power is rortded by st e and water, and the buildings and p re mises brace about fi ve acres . In 1872 Messrs. Joh~, William K. d I GeorgeHerbe rt Brown sons, were taken into partnership . • John Brownretired in 1883, and in 1887 Mr. John Shaw
a ng t e bu si n ess to Messrs illia K. George .. RobertBrown h e p resent p r o prietors . Hot death of ,-Ir Brown , Mr . Thomas H Magee a O - • ad and t s. Brown ns , usines s was pur chas ed by .f essrs . John o co n ti nu e to carry it on at Lurgan , under . e st e of Tho as H Magee Co . ploym ent is given st n o v b , essrs . John S. brown & Sons to about 5 people at t . llen 1 s, 1, 50 0 hand loom weavers of Ar agh, ' tri and ro n e, and to over 3, 000 1.vi. ve s and daught ers f S · all fa e rs at han d embroidery . lessrs . Browna· ea s e cial ity of t h e weavi ng of mono g r am s, crests, coats of arms s far s, and flag s on l i n e n supplied to families , steam ship ip co pani es, y acht clubs, hot els, etc . T"h e y are anu ~a ct urer s to the Qu een, the Prin c e of Wale s, and all t e bers of t1e oyal Fami ly; h ave co n t r a cts for sup plyi ng damasks tote Admiralty; anufact ur e all t1e lin en f or t e House of Co ons rest.auran t, t h e i d land and Lo ndon and North astern Railways t h e Grand, metropole, 1st Avenue, ang am, Inns of Court, and Charing Cross Hotels, Lo don; e pr· cipal clubs of t1e United ~i ng dom; t1e • indsor, 5t York' 01' Avenue,an St . J am es ' s Hotels, and Hoff an House, New d t· o Grand Pacific Hotel, Chi ca g o . Prize t edals P rior erit fere o tained fo r their go o d s at t e Lond on, 1851 , 1 862, and 1 70; 187~; Belfast, 1870 ; P a ris - Gold _ 1 67; 876 . County
·
2
ut 1
ei g:
ett ' s Co. Ar magh 1888 ,
hand loom weaverslive in Hamiltonsbawn and od. p . 163 .
· and · oo r wea vers live in t a e n eig hbourhood
: ar ·~ t ill . p . 192 .
oo~ eavers in the n ei ghb our hood of Richhill, to 3 p . 203 .
reat .Jan l andloom ,-rnaver s live in this d i strict, Tartaraghan . p . 207 .
Magherynumbelarge r of the residents in the district are a dloom weavers . p . 217 .
Verner's r' s Bridge. Over 200 hand.l oo m weavers live in tj ci strict . p . 219 .
Lau elvale. Yarns are gi ven out to cotta g e wea vers to
t· e nu· ~ er o 1 , 500 . p . 229 .
Bessbroo Spinning Co . Distributes lin e n --arns to bet1een 00 and 1 , 000 cottag e weavers at Lur gan . p . 24o .
Poyntzpas s. p . 246. few · and.loom weavers live in the village .
Newtownhamilton o · a ilton . A ew' andloo m weavers live in t _ e tom . t et a een ts or h andker ch ief wo rkers give out work stitc· ed and e broidered . It is esti ated out 1 , 500 f the female residents of Newtownhamilton
trict recei ve emplo~· ent in this way . p . 261 .
Co, Armagh 1888, andloom weavers emstitchers, etc.
Portadown ·tain a co ~pa ra~ivel y s h ort p eriod, a as een ade in tb e :i.1 ethods of manufacture at Port ado wn wi1ich _threatens very s son to di s p ense nt ·re - lith the services of handloom weavers.
, 1ent e a rs ago over 4,ooo of these i n dustrious h ardr n g peo p le lived in the tm,m and district. Good at· orities agree that the number at p resent is not above 2,50 . p . 277 .
Markethill et · il. bout 200 · andloom weavers live in the ei gi1oour h ood . Li n en yarns are given out by manuacturers 1 agents in the village every Friday . p . 192 .
Tartaraghan an . great any handloom weavers live in the district. p . 207 .
:ag· ry. A large number of the residents in the district are ~andloom weavers. p . 217 .
Tullyrone About 200 handloom weavers live in the district. p . 18 .
er er 1 s ridge . Over 200 1andloom weavers live in n district . p . 219 .
Poyntzpass. few handloom weavers live in the villag e. ewto a ilton. few handloom weavers live in t e tovm .
esi ant a gen ts g ive out work to be ne ~1 stitched and r cl red. It is estimated that about 1,500 of the
Bassett's co, Armagh 1888,
le r\Jsi nt s of r Newtownhamilton ilton and ci.istri ct receive t hi s way . p . 261 .
Annaghmore of the iILhabita nt s are su1all far ii er s
Q tva 6 e weavers r early every hou se has t·wo or lo s . in.en : anufactu;rers of Portadown and Lurgan
s d ageJ. ts ever -mek- to take in webs and give out ya rns . . 319 .
PI CTU ES FRm·
Armagh h coach Factory, p . 86 .
Milfordord t actory ) )
Gillis actory ) p . 122.
Umgola .liactory, p . 124 .
Allistr agh 1 weaving Factory, p . 126 .
Glenann e Factories, p . 158.
Kirk - Ii 11 s , Ke a dy ; p • 16 8 .
Milltrown t oi•m eavi ng Factory, p . 184 .
Crana gill, p .1 8 4.
Laurelvale)) p . 228.
Tandragee )
Bessbrook Spinning Mill, p . 238 .
Portad own, Graham & Co., Spin ners, p . 29 .
Corcrai n , Dawso n , . p . 294 .
Lislea, p .1 78.
Tandragee, p . 228 .
Bessbrook, p . 239 .
Cornascreeb, p . 276 .
Graham & Co., p . 292 .
Dawson a Co., p . 294 .
Bell, p . 3 56 .
Malcolm, p .360.
Lurganeaving Co ., p .36 2.
Johnston , len Co., p .3 64 .
. ,
Lislea.
Higher u p t he river the Ro an P a p er Co~,a1 ,
Li ited, gi ves emp lo yTJen t to about 50 p eo p le .
Coarse la p i ng paper is t h e s pe cial . 17 9 .
l,AND UTILIZATION IN CO. ARMAGH IN 1888.
Cladymilltown
Land fair for oats, potatoes and flax.
Dairying on a modest scale,most of the butter being sent to the market in "bricks".
Collone
Land utilization as above.
Make some butter which they send to the Market in 'bricks'
Derrynaose,
Land utilization as above.
Farmers nearly all do a little butter-making.
Drumachee.
Land utilization as above.
Butter sent to the market chiefly in 'bricks'
Glenanne
Land utilization as above.
Butter sent to the market in 'bricks'
Hamiltonsbawn
Pretty good farming country.
fairs twice a year.
014 established hiring fairs also.
land
UTILIZATION IN co. ARMAGH IN 1888,
Markets three days per week.
Monday and Thursday grain.
Friday, butter, eggs and pork.
Most of the butter made up in rolls.
Fairs held -2nd Friday of each month.
Killylea
Oats and potatoes principal crops.
Good monthly fair.
Good farming country.
Kilmore
Land good.
Potatoes wheat and beans principal crops.
Limestone abundant in the parish.
Lisleaslea,
Oats and potatoes principal crops.
Roan paper mill employs 50 people.
Lisnadill
Lam good, oats, potatoes, flax.
farmers make roll butter for Armagh market.
LAND UTILIZATION IN co. ARMAGH IN 1888,
Loughgilly.
potatoes and oats. Flax grown extensively.
Loughgall
Best farming in county.
Oats, potatoes and flax.
Madden, Land good.
o·ats, po tatoes, flax.
Limestone in abundance.
Butter sent to markets in 'bricks'
A few have large dairies and rise to the dignity o f "firking
Ha Markethill.
Monday market fowl, eggs and grain.
Friday market - butter and eggs.
Fairs third Fridays - cattle, sheep, pigs.
Mowhan
Oats, potatoes, flax.
Butter making almost confined to bricks and prints.
l S 'J
LAND UTILIZATION IN CO, ARMAGH IN 1888,
Middletown
Land good.
oats and potatoes chief crops.
Dairying carried on to some extent by nearly every farmer.
Butter put up in squares called 'meskins' Market for butter and eggs every Thursday.
Mountnorris,
Oats, potatoes and flax. Large part devoted to flax.
Butter produced in "bricks".
Richhill,
There is now no market for produce held.
Oats, potatoes and wheat ·chief crops.
Tartaraghan
Potatoes, wheat and oats.
Tassagh
Oats, potatoes and flax.
Tynan..
Land good, much being on a limestone basis.
I b o
LAND UTILIZATION IN CO, ARMAGH IN 1888,
Whitecross
Land fair.
Potatoes, oats and flax.
A good · butter making district.
Blackwatertown
Land good.
Oats, potatoes and flax • .
Charlemont, Land good.
Oats and potatoes chief crops.
Most farmers plant some flax and devote some attention to butter-making in lumps.
Maghery
Land for greater part boggy.
Good crops of oats produced by heating the bog.
TullyronelY:rone , fair for oats, potatoes and wheat. smallspace only devoted to flax.
Verner's Bridge,
Del tor most part poor.
t toe 1, oats and wheat princi.pal crops.
land UTILIZATION IN co. ARMAGH IN 1888.
Forkhill
oats, flax and potatoes chief crops.
Old fairs ·still kept up.
Ballsmillslsm,ill •
Used to have fairs in Feb. and Dec., but now has an annual fair in May.
Potatoes, oats and flax main crops.
Mullaghbawn
Oats, potatoes and flax.
Some farmers devote attention to dairying.
Silverbridge idg e.
Potatoes and flax principal crops.
Farms small.
Tandragee
Good land.
Oats, potatoes and flax chief crops.
1 monthly fair.
dnesday market tor sale of butter.
l:6NP UTILIZATION IN co, ABMAGH IN 1888,
Bessbrookpotatoesoat,and flax principal crops.
Drumatee
Some land good, rest rocky.
Flurrybridge
Fairs held up to 20 years ago.
Oats and potatoes chief crops.
Jerrettspass,
Land good for pasture and tillage.
Killevy apd Meigh,
Land of medium quality in some parts boggy and stony.
Poyntzpass
Land of district much improved in last · 50 years by drainage.
0ats and potatoes and some flax.
farmers make a feature of dairying. _
Good cattle fairs.
A market established over a year ago for fowl, butter and eggs ..
1,AND UTILIZATION IN co, ARMAGH IN 1888,
Belleek
Land fair when not rocky.
Principal crops - potatoes, oats and flax.
Butter-making carried on to some extent.
Camlough
Land light and rocky.
Oats, potatoes and flax main crops.
Fair third Monday of every month.
Crossmaglen,
Market every Friday for butter, eggs and fowl and grain and grass seed in season.
Fair held first Friday of every month for cattle, sheep, pigs and horses.
Oats, potatoes and flax principal crops.
1:x:tensi ve dairying.
Carnagh
Oats, potatoes and flax.
Dairying carried on to a considerable extent.
LAND UTILIZATION IN co. ARMAGH IN 1888,
Cullyhanna
Land uneven in quality.
Oats, potatoes, flax.
Patent for fairs a dead letter for more than 20 years.
Lislea,
Oats, potatoes, flax.
Lands fair in valley.
Newtownhamilton
Saturday market for butter, eggs and fowl.
Fair last Saturday of month for cattle, sheep, pigs and horses.
Hiring fairs last Saturday in May and November.
Oats, potatoes and flax chief crops.
Farmers make a feature of dairying.
Portadown
Great market held every Saturday.
Potatoes, oats and flax.
Dairying not carried on so largely as it was ten years ago.
•ery Tuesday in season a flax market.
LAND UTIL!Z4TION IN co, ABMAGH IN 1888,
Portadown {cont,)
Grain market Wednesday and Saturday.
Hay and straw on Wednesday.
Grass-seed on Wednesday from August to October.
Retail market for potatoes and vegetables daily.
Pork market improving.
Market for sucking pigs Saturday.
Cattle . fair third Saturday each month.
Annaghmore
Land when not boggy heavy ahd not easily cultivated.
Potatoes, wheat and oats.•
Extensive bog-lands. Turf marketed in adjoining towns.
Turf carts on roads at all seasons.
Butter sent to market in lumps.
Diamond,
Potatoes, beans, oats and wheat.
Birches
Land mostly cultivated bog.
Good crops of potatoes and oats produced by b eating.
LAND UTILIZATION IN co. ARMAGH IN 1888,
Lurgan
Market for sale of grain and grass-seed - in the seaso n pork, fowl, butter, eggs, hay, straw, potatoes, etc. every Thursday.
Saturday market for ·fresh meat.
Derryadd, Oats and potatoes chief crops.
Derrytrasna, Potatoes and a lit.tle oats.
BASSETT•s co, ARMAGH 1888,
Coach Factory, Armagh.
Milford Linen Factory, Ar magh.
Gillis Factory, Armagh.
Umgola Factory, Armagh.
Allistragh Factory, Armagh.
Caledon woolen Mills.
Glenanne Linen Mills.
Annvale Linen Mills.
Darkley Linen Mill.
Lislea Linen Factory.
Milltown Weaving Factory.
Cranagill Linen Mills.
Laurelvale Linen Mill.
Tandragee Linen Mill.
Bessbrook Spinning Co.
Cornascrebe Factory.
Graham's Factory, Portadown.
Dawson's Factory, Portadown.
Mercier's, Moyallon Flour & Corn Millers.
Bell's Linen Factory, Lurgan.
Malcolm's Factories, Lurgan p . 6. p .12. p .122. p .124. p .126. p .152. p .158. p .168. p.168. p .179. p.185. p.185. p.229. p.229. p.2J8. p.276. p.292. p.294. p.316. p. 356. p.360.
BASSETT'S co, AJMAGH 1888, Lurgan Weaving Company, Lurgan.
Johnsto n , Allen & Co., Lurgan.
Brown's Linen Factory, Lurgan. p.3 62 . p . 365 . p .3 66 .
This is only a note as to il l ustrat i on s o f mills in the County at that date. It onl y d eals , h owev er , with such firms as had advertisements i n the boo k itself and even then is not compl e te.