Nursing in Today's World Trends, Issues, And Management 11th Edition By Amy J. Stegen, Holli Sowerbo

Chapter 1, Exploring the Growth of Nursing as a Profession 1. Which historical images impeded the development of nursing as a profession? Select all that apply.

A) Religious B) Servant C) Folk D) Ancient E) Social

2. Which principles best describe Florence Nightingale's beliefs about the nursing profession? Select all that apply.

A) Caring B) Lifelong learning C) Improved conditions for clients D) Curriculum was based on theory only E) Nursing teachers were hired on voluntary basis F) Physicians had final authority over nursing curriculum

3. Which best describes the findings of an 1869 report by the American Medical Association regarding nursing education? Select all that apply.

A) Every large hospital should have a nursing school.

B) Schools should be under county medical societies.

C) Nurses should be recruited from shelters.

D) Nurses should provide most of the workforce for hospitals.

4. Which best describes characteristics of early nursing schools around the turn of the century? Select all that apply.

A) Promoted religious image of the nurse B) Largely considered an apprenticeship C) Lacked standardized curriculum D) Students commuted long distances E) Attrition rate was low

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5. A nursing student is reading about military influences that brought about significant changes in nursing. Place these influential events in order of occurrence?

A. Administration of small pox vaccinations B. Invention of ambulances C. Development of The Red Cross D. GI Bill enacted

6. The nurse is conducting an in-service that describes the primary difference between nursing and medicine. Which priority concept should be included?

A) Caring framework B) Professional opportunities C) Degree of specialization D) Curative treatment

7. Which priority information should be included in an in-service about the legal definition of nursing?

A) Provides foundation and guidelines for practice B) Identifies approved nursing frameworks C) Outlines major criteria for a profession D) Governs collective bargaining

8. The nursing student is preparing for graduation. Which ceremony is most likely to occur?

A) Pinning B) Capping C) White coat D) Uniform

9. The nursing student is researching the current nursing shortage. Which priority factors should be included? Select all that apply.

A) Retention B) Work environment C) Baby boomers D) Number of males in profession E) Increased clinical space

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10. The Council on Nurse Education and Practice focuses primarily on which factors?

Select all that apply.

A) Enhancement and composition of the workforce B) Promotion of interdisciplinary care delivery C) Financing and delivery of nursing service D) Supply of educationally prepared nursing faculty E) Limited number of spaces in nursing schools

11. Which best describes nursing in ancient culture? Select all that apply.

A) Sickness believed to be caused by evil spirits.

B) Health rules part of religious codes.

C) Sound theory of disease was absent.

D) Nursing mentioned in early writings.

E) Formal nursing originated 300 years ago.

12. Florence Nightingale changed the approach to public health measures. Which public health measures were instrumental in improving health during the late 1800s? Select all that apply.

A) Basic hygiene B) Constructing hospitals C) Wholesome food D) Recording health statistics E) Nursing education

13. Which one statement accurately describes the overall development of a definition of nursing?

A) Nurses cannot agree on a single definition of nursing.

B) Researchers can pinpoint the period in history when nursing first evolved.

C) Nursing is pursued primarily through theoretical concepts.

D) A clear distinction is made between nursing and medicine.

14. The nurse is documenting nursing interventions using a comprehensive, standardized language. Which of the following best demonstrates this documentation?

A) Nursing Interventions Classification (NIC) B) NANDA International (NANDA-I) C) Nursing Outcomes Classification (NOC) D) The Omaha System

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15. Which factors influence the need for a special and unique language for the nursing profession? Select all that apply.

A) Evidence-based decision making B) Guide clinical decisions C) Manage information D) Historical data E) Cost of data storage

16. The number and size of nursing schools in the United States grew significantly in the years of the early 20th century. Which best describes the characteristics of these schools?

A) Religious devotion and subservience to authority B) A thorough knowledge of anatomy C) Critical thinking, assertiveness, and autonomy D) An understanding of the holistic care

17. Which of the following contributed most to the development of the nursing profession?

A) Decreased mortality rates during war time B) Public funding for the treatment of disease C) Increased understanding of infection control D) Physicians who were willing to train nurses

18. Which of the following is one of the most essential skills for successful nursing performance?

A) Critical thinking B) Autonomy C) Understanding of nursing theory D) Recognition of prescriptive authority

19. Which of these characteristics identify nursing as a profession when applied to sociologic literature? Select all that apply.

A) Educational preparation B) Code of ethics C) Service to the public D) Prescriptive authority E) Stress and burnout

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20. Which of these is considered main factors in the long-term shortages of nurses? Select all that apply.

A) Aging workforce B) Career changes C) Clinical space D) Increasing faculty numbers E) Decreased program funding

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Answer Key 1. A, B, C 2. A, B, C 3. A, B 4. A, B, C 5. A, B, C, D 6. A 7. A 8. A 9. A, B, C 10. A, B, C 11. A, B, C 12. A, B, C 13. A 14. A 15. A, B, C 16. A 17. A 18. A 19. A, B, C 20. A, B, C

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Chapter 2, Educational Preparation for Nursing

1. Which national agency is responsible for nursing practice issues in educational environments?

A) Pew Health Professions Commission B) The Joint Commission C) Omnibus Budget Reconciliation Act D) National Council Licensure Examination

2. Which of the following best describes the characteristics of nursing assistant role?

Select all that apply.

A) Requires 75 hours of theory and practice to be certified.

B) Role emphasizes safe client environment.

C) State agencies responsible for oversight vary.

D) Certification is under the jurisdiction of the federal government.

E) National regulation of hours exists in other areas of long-term care.

3. Which of the following best describe traditional educational avenues for becoming a registered nurse? Select all that apply.

A) Hospital based B) Community colleges C) Universities D) Vocational programs E) Stackable credentials

4. Which is the priority reason for the elimination of hospital-based nursing programs?

A) Cost B) Mergers C) Cadet nurse program D) Credit hours requirement

5. Which of the following characteristics best describe hospital-based nursing programs?

Select all that apply.

A) Vary in length from 27 to 36 months B) Affiliated with college or university C) Includes experience in nursing management D) Hire only PhD prepared faculty E) Emphasis is on student experience

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6. Which factors most influenced the development of associate degree education? Select all that apply.

A) Growth of 2-year colleges B) Existing cadet nurse program C) Critical nursing shortage of 1950 D) Earlier research on nurse education E) Students need at least 4 years of education F) Inhibited higher education for nursing students

7. Which characteristic best illustrates associate degree nursing programs?

A) Founded on planned research and experimentation B) Initiated by the Omnibus Budget Reconciliation Act C) Developed by Florence Nightingale in the 1920s D) Began as a 10-project directed by Mildred Montag

8. Which is the most likely reason that students who earn baccalaureate degrees return to associate degree education?

A) Takes less time to complete the degree B) Located in primarily urban areas C) Homogeneous makeup of students D) General education courses equal 60% of credits

9. Which of the following best describes the typical admission processes in associate degree nursing programs? Select all that apply.

A) Waiting list B) Lottery C) Point systems D) Student interviews E) Cumulative grade points

10. Which of these essential components are included in professional nursing education?

Select all that apply.

A) Liberal education B) Healthcare policy C) Collaboration D) Nursing theory development E) Specific nursing practice

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11. The nursing student is enrolled in a baccalaureate nursing program. The student should expect emphasis on which information? Select all that apply.

A) Critical thinking in decision-making B) Acting as a client advocate C) Information technology D) Focus on clinical nursing E) External degree development

12. An individual is considering an accelerated nursing program. Which of the following is the most likely reason this educational pathway is chosen?

A) Higher educational standards B) Fewer clinical hours than other programs C) Ability to take personal time off D) Previous success at a community college

13. Which of the following are considered similarities between traditional entry level pre-licensure programs? Select all that apply.

A) Adequate financial support B) Securing appropriate learning experiences C) Developing and maintaining curricula D) Large numbers of qualified faculty E) Homogeneous student groups

14. Which of the following describes the primary purpose of the Doctor of Nursing Practice degree?

A) Terminal degree in advanced practice B) Conduct funded research studies C) Aimed at constructing nursing theory D) Focused only on nursing education

15. Which of these most appropriately describes distance learning programs? Select all that apply.

A) Clinical learning with a mentor B) Asynchronous learning opportunities C) Students should be independent learners D) Working is discouraged while in school E) Part time plans of study are not offered

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16. Which of the following are considered priority issues in the development of new graduate orientation programs? Select all that apply.

A) Inability to function as new roles as staff nurses.

B) Excessive variations in clinical experiences.

C) Increased levels of frustration among graduates.

D) Majority of graduate time is spent in the classroom.

E) Performance evaluation tools are subjective.

17. Which of the following best describes the function of the American Nurses Association (ANA) Council on Continuing Education? Select all that apply.

A) Standards of continuing education B) Accreditation of programs C) Guidelines of recognition within states D) Reporting guidelines to federal agencies E) Placing students into federal programs

18. Which is the priority reason continuing education is required in many states?

A) Provides of updating knowledge prior to relicensure.

B) Cost of obtaining continuing education is relatively low.

C) Professional journals offer continuing education units.

D) Nurses can earn continuing education by attending meetings.

19. What is a priority recommendation of Nursing for the Future (1948) report?

A) Nursing should become a planned program of study.

B) Women should not choose nursing as a career.

C) Independent nursing schools did not require oversight.

D) Development of a uniform licensure examination.

20. According to The Report of the Surgeon General's Consultant, which of the following are priority reasons that schools were providing inadequate nursing education? Select all that apply.

A) Lack of schools providing adequate education.

B) Fewer young people being recruited into profession.

C) More nursing schools were needed in universities.

D) Associate degree is the minimum entry level into the leadership role.

E) Role of the nurse has not changed since 1920.

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Answer Key 1. A 2. A, B, C 3. A, B, C 4. A 5. A, B, C 6. A, B, C, D 7. A 8. A 9. A, B, C 10. A, B, C 11. A, B, C 12. A 13. A, B, C 14. A 15. A, B, C 16. A, B, C 17. A, B, C 18. A 19. A 20. A, B, C

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Chapter 3, Credentials for Healthcare Providers

1. The nursing student is reviewing the purpose of nursing credentials. Which of the following best describes this purpose?

A) Communicates competence B) Identifies national licensure C) Awarded by governmental bodies D) Sets standards for persons in an agency

2. An individual is applying to an accredited nursing school. Which of the following best describes the purpose of accreditation in higher education?

A) Identifies quality educational program B) Mandatory university recognition program C) Specialized degree granting organizations D) Federal program for hospital-based programs

3. Which of the following best illustrates the primary reasons for accreditation of nursing programs? Select all that apply.

A) Concerns about the quality of nursing education B) Strengthens uniform standards for nursing education C) Promotes systematic self-evaluation that focuses on standards D) Accreditation is required for all nursing programs E) Standards and criteria differ among states

4. The nursing student is learning about the National Council of State Boards of Nursing (NCSBN)? What is the main purpose of the NCBSN? A) Provides collaboration for state boards of nursing B) Develop and oversee administration of nursing licensure examinations C) Act as an information repository for new nursing programs D) Develop comprehensive evaluations for existing nursing programs

5. The nursing student is reviewing reasons for licensure in nursing practice. Which is the priority reason for legal licensure in nursing practice? Select all that apply.

A) Standard mechanism for judging competence B) Protect the safety of the public C) Provide nursing credentials at the federal level D) Determine workload in nursing education E) Identify those individuals with substance use disorder

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6. The nursing student is studying the history of nursing credentialing. Which of the following describes the first true documentation of nursing credentials?

A) Certificate of completion B) State licensure C) Competence exam D) Nursing accreditation

7. Which of the following describes the major difference between permissive licensure and mandatory licensure in nursing practice?

A) The individual choice to obtain licensure B) Passing a state certificate examination C) Graduating from an accredited nursing program D) Set of laws regulating nursing practice

8. The nursing student is studying about nursing as a regulated health profession. Which describes the priority reason that nursing is a regulated health profession?

A) Nursing poses a risk of harm to the public.

B) Standard examinations are required for practice.

C) Advanced education requires certification.

D) Nurse practice act establish laws for practice.

9. The nursing student asks the instructor about the qualifications for licensure applicants.

Which basic requirements should be included in the instructor's response? Select all that apply.

A) Payment of required fees B) Graduate of approved program C) English language proficiency D) Mental illness disclosure E) Substance use

10. The nursing student is preparing a presentation on Virginia Henderson. Which priority information should be included in the presentation? Select all that apply.

A) Involved in education and research B) Instrumental in advancing nursing care C) Emphasis on quality patient care D) Founded Sigma Theta Tau Honor Society E) Identified associate degree as entry level

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11. The nursing student is learning about scope of nursing practice. Which information should be included in this definition? Select all that apply.

A) Legal requirements B) Education required C) Completion of application D) Requirements for licensure E) Language proficiency

12. The nursing student is reviewing the National Council of State Boards of Nursing's (NCSBN) definition of nursing practice. Which of these concepts is included in this definition? Select all that apply.

A) Assist the client to optimal health B) Accomplish defined goals C) Evaluate responses D) Based primarily on medical knowledge E) Focused only on client needs

13. The nursing student is reviewing the elements of disciplinary actions in nursing practice.

Which information is most likely present? Select all that apply.

A) Found in nurse practice acts B) Disciplinary action based on legal criteria C) Imposed for violation of licensing law D) Results in revocation of licensure E) Nursing board cannot prosecute offenders

14. The nurse is reading about the grandfather clause in nursing practice. Which of the following is the best example of this concept?

A) Continuing education B) Licensure fees C) Medication administration D) Use of social media

15. The nurse administrator is reviewing sunset laws. Which of the following is the primary advantage for these laws?

A) Guarantees legislature review and evaluate agencies.

B) Nursing laws rescind automatically after a period of time.

C) Archaic laws exist forever in Congress.

D) Nurses regularly advocate for practice act changes.

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16. The nursing student is about to apply for nursing licensure. Which of the following describes the primary roles of the state board of nursing? Select all that apply.

A) Provides interstate endorsement B) Establishes standards for licensure C) Regulates specialty practice D) Petitions governor for members E) Electronic monitoring of social media

17. The nursing student is studying important history in the nursing profession, including the implementation of the nursing licensure. Which information best describes the significance of nursing licensure?

A) Establishment of identical licensure examination B) Implementation of fee schedules in all states C) Opening of Virginia Henderson repository D) Establishment of board of nursing

18. The nursing class is reviewing the content of the licensure examination, specifically the practice analysis. Which information should the class expect to discover? Select all that apply.

A) Nursing behaviors critical to safe care B) Guide to the development of test questions C) Identifies the nursing process D) Performed every 5 years E) Organized into question difficulty

19. The nursing student is reading about the licensed practical nurse (LPN) examination.

Which information best describes this examination? Select all that apply.

A) Assumes dependent role in assessment B) Analysis not part of the test plan C) Focus on coordination of care D) Most employed in acute care E) Includes management of care

20. The nursing student expects to take the licensure examination using computer adaptive testing. Which of the following best describes this testing? Select all that apply.

A) Ensure all essential content delivered B) Responsive to student answers C) Contains large question bank D) Unlimited testing time E) All students get the same questions

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Answer Key 1. A 2. A 3. A, B, C 4. A 5. A, B 6. A 7. A 8. A 9. A, B, C 10. A, B, C 11. A, B 12. A, B, C 13. A, B, C 14. A 15. A 16. A, B, C 17. A 18. A, B, C 19. A, B, C 20. A, B, C

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Chapter 4, Making Professional Goals a Reality

1. The nurse manager is evaluating a group of newly licensed registered nurses. Which of the following best describes the expectations of behavior in this group? Select all that apply.

A) Possess theoretic background for decision-making B) Utilize the nursing process in a systematic way C) Recognize own abilities and limitations D) Delegate all tasks to unlicensed personnel E) Display proficiency in complex tasks

2. The nursing student is developing career goals. Which of the following are the most common ways to identify focused career goals? Select all that apply.

A) Clinical competency B) Areas of nursing practice C) Administrative skills D) Ask a supervisor E) Geographic location

3. The nursing student is setting personal career goals. Which of the following is the first step in this process?

A) Thorough self-assessment B) Develop long-term goals C) Maintain competencies D) Practice self-reflection

4. A group of new graduates are talking about experiences about transition into the nursing profession. Which of the following identifies positive circumstances during that time?

Select all that apply.

A) Positive feedback B) Gaining experiences C) Independence D) Making mistakes E) Communication

5. An individual is anxious about transitioning into the new graduate role. Which of the following best supports the new graduate's transition into this new role?

A) Working with a mentor B) Working on preferred unit C) Individual confidence D) Self-directed study

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6. A nursing student is seeking employment as a new graduate. Which of the following is the most prominent source of potential jobs?

A) Internet B) Newspapers C) Conferences D) Trade journals

7. The nursing student who has limited healthcare experience is developing a cover letter as part of an employment application. What type of information is most appropriate to include in the body of the letter?

A) Skills gained from other employment B) Availability for interview C) Simple recitation of the résumé D) Comprehensive qualifications

8. A nursing student is preparing to develop a professional résumé. Which of the following best represents a professional résumé?

A) Formal appearance, without errors B) Tailored to multiple situations C) Primarily used to hire during interviews D) Used to identify potential employers

9. The nursing student is developing a résumé for an employment fair. Which critical element should be included?

A) Work history B) Educational background C) Career objectives D) Volunteer experience

10. The student nurse is learning interviewing skills. Which priority answers are employers seeking during the interview? Select all that apply.

A) Skills and ability of candidate to do the job B) Attitude of candidate toward the job C) Personality fit with the organization D) Candidate opinions about organization E) Basic knowledge of disease processes

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11. A nursing student is preparing for an upcoming employment interview. What is the most important topic to consider before the interview?

A) Self-reflection B) Desired salary C) Personal references D) Past interviews

12. The nursing student is preparing for a telephone interview. Which is the priority advantage of a telephone interview?

A) Appearance doesn't matter with no video link.

B) No preparation is needed prior to interview.

C) Panel interviews are not utilized.

D) No follow-up is needed after interview.

13. A nursing student is asked an illegal or inappropriate question during an employment interview. Which is the most appropriate way for the student to handle this situation?

A) Redirect the interviewer's question B) Answer the interviewer's question C) Reply with a simple yes or no D) Explain the question in depth

14. The nursing student is preparing for the interviewing process. Which of the following are considered interviewing errors? Select all that apply.

A) Negative comments about former employers B) Identifying personal problems C) Discussing student loans D) Ignoring nonverbal behaviors E) Role playing

15. The nursing student is not offered employment during the first round of interviews.

Which are the best actions for this student? Select all that apply.

A) Maintain contact with employer at regular intervals B) Indicate continued interest in employment C) Track details of extensive job searches D) Call the nurse manager every week E) Ask friends how they got a job

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16. The nursing student is planning to resign from a part-time position in an acute care setting. Which of the following are priority considerations prior to resigning? Select all that apply.

A) Responsible positions require more notice.

B) The letter should be directed to the manager.

C) Last day of employment is required.

D) Accrued vacation days are automatically distributed.

E) Three months is standard time for supervisory positions.

17. The National Council State Boards of Nursing identified trends in nursing jobs. Which best describes these trends? Select all that apply.

A) Work environments B) Employment characteristics C) Job activities of newly licensed nurses D) Insurance payments E) Medical equipment

18. The nursing student is reading about the improved economic position of the nurse.

Which priority reasons are cited for this improvement? Select all that apply.

A) Advent of collective bargaining B) Nursing shortage in 1980s C) Laws governing fair labor practices D) Males entering the workforce E) Salary distributions for new graduates

19. Nursing students are reviewing the entry level job analysis conducted by the National Council State Boards of Nursing (2015). Which universal nursing action was identified among both registered nurses and licensed practical nurses?

A) Performing vital signs B) Medication administration C) Admission assessment D) Patient education

20. The nursing student is reviewing employer expectations regarding nursing competencies. Which agency is primarily responsible for this oversight?

A) The Joint Commission B) National Council State Boards of Nursing C) Individual hospital associations D) State Boards of Nursing Practice Act

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Answer Key 1. A, B, C 2. A, B, C 3. A 4. A, B, C 5. A 6. A 7. A 8. A 9. A 10. A, B, C 11. A 12. A 13. A 14. A, B, C 15. A, B, C 16. A, B, C 17. A, B, C 18. A, B, C 19. A 20. A

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Chapter 5, The World of Healthcare Employment

1. The nursing student is studying about mission and vision statements in the organization.

Which of the following best identifies these statements? Select all that apply.

A) Standards against which organizational performance is judged B) Research, teaching, and care of clients with complex problems C) Meeting the healthcare needs of citizens of the community D) Yearly goals for individual nursing units E) Financial information for a specified time period

2. The nursing student is studying organizational structure. Which element is most likely included? Select all that apply.

A) Goal is efficiency and cost-effectiveness B) Identifies accountability C) How communication occurs D) Determines who is hired in each department E) Defines the informal culture

3. The nurse is studying about organizational systems. Which of the following best describes the characteristics of Max Weber's organizational system?

A) Discipline B) Employment C) Unstable D) Informal

4. The nursing student is reading about organizational structure. Which is a key factor in the structure and function of the organization?

A) Power to make decisions B) Informal culture C) Individuals D) Groups

5. The nurse is considering employment in an organization with a decentralized organizational structure. Select all that apply.

A) Simplified communication B) May utilize shared governance C) Open communication D) Hierarchal administration E) Decisions made by top administration

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6. The nursing student is reviewing the organizational chart in an acute care setting. Which of the following best illustrates components of the organizational chart? Select all that apply.

A) Formal chains of command B) Span of control C) Communication D) Informal culture E) Financial information

7. The wound care nurse is making rounds throughout the hospital. Which of the following best describes the type of relationship the wound care nurse shares with other nurses in the hospital?

A) Collaborative B) Authoritative C) Narrow span of control D) Relational

8. The nursing student is learning about organizational policy. Which of the following best describes looping the system?

A) Pharmacy technician bypasses the unit manager with a problem and tells the administrator.

B) A clinical nurse specialist suggests cardiac rehabilitation for unit clients.

C) Informal leaders use communication channels to organize an organizational fair.

D) Emergency department nurse manager is promoted to nursing supervisor.

9. The nurse is being cross-trained as part of organizational restructuring. Which best describes the concept of cross-training? Select all that apply.

A) Learning skills needed to perform other positions B) Helps manage during peak times C) Provides greater flexibility in scheduling D) Gives employees less control E) Increased costs to organization

10. The nursing student is learning about the clinical ladder during orientation. Which of the following best describes the clinical ladder? Select all that apply.

A) Describes performance expected in advancing levels B) Salary increases typically accompany movement C) Serves as a reward mechanism for nurses D) Adherence to clinical standards of care E) Open to administrative level positions only

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11. The nursing student is completing orientation paperwork. Which is the most effective method of distributing current policies to the nursing staff?

A) Institution's computer network B) Internet cloud C) Intuitional mail system D) Policy manuals in each department

12. The nursing graduate just accepted a position on a unit that utilizes the shared governance model. Which concepts are most distinct in this model? Select all that apply.

A) Equalitarianism B) Collegiality C) Shared accountability D) Bureaucratic structure E) Centralized governance

13. The nursing student is touring a Magnet hospital. Which characteristic is the student most likely to identify in this hospital? Select all that apply.

A) Excellent client outcomes B) Job satisfaction C) High turnover rate among nursing staff D) Lack of grievance resolution E) Problem solving at administrative level

14. The nursing student is reading about Magnet hospitals. Which of the following identifies the strongest aspect of Magnet hospitals?

A) High staff satisfaction rates B) Decreased nurse autonomy C) Centralized organizational structure D) High level of administrative control

15. The nurse is reading about collective bargaining. What is the most significant effect that shared governance has on collective bargaining?

A) Nurses are involved with decision-making.

B) Collective bargaining represents more nurses.

C) Shared governance is practiced in all facilities.

D) Nurses belong to both groups in the same facility.

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16. The nurse is reviewing types of patient care delivery methods. Which is the most prevalent in modern nursing?

A) Team nursing B) Functional nursing C) Total patient care D) Primary nursing

17. A grievance has been filed against the nurse manager. Which are the most likely reasons for filing this grievance? Select all that apply.

A) Result of a misunderstanding B) Difference of opinion about a contract C) Result of direct violation of a policy D) Employer usually initiates the case E) Formal complaint requiring mediation

18. A nursing student is reading about negotiations. Which of the following best describes the goal of negotiation?

A) Obtain a signed agreement B) Interest-based bargaining C) Meet at regular times to discuss issues D) Employ a mediator

19. Nurses have traditionally been reluctant to participate in collective bargaining. Which of the following reasons most likely changed this thinking? Select all that apply.

A) Client rights B) Comparable worth C) Staffing ratios D) Centralized organization E) Health insurance

20. The nursing students are reading about change theory. Which of the following best describes the components of change? Select all that apply.

A) Driving forces B) Restraining forces C) Equilibrium D) Unfreezing E) Agree on criteria

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Answer Key 1. A, B, C 2. A, B, C 3. A 4. A 5. A, B, C 6. A, B, C 7. A 8. A 9. A, B, C 10. A, B, C 11. A 12. A, B, C 13. A, B 14. A 15. A 16. A 17. A, B, C 18. A 19. A, B, C 20. A, B, C

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Chapter 6, Understanding the Healthcare

1. A nursing student is reviewing a chart on a client with in and out care. Which of the following most represents this type of care? Select all that apply.

A) Emergency department B) Therapy sessions C) Office visits D) Acute care visits E) Short stay

2. The nursing class is studying about healthcare ownership. Which of the following are the most appropriate topics to include? Select all that apply.

A) Governmental B) Proprietary C) Nonprofit D) Research E) Mental health

3. A client is being admitted to a hospital. Which of the following are primary characteristics of hospital care? Select all that apply.

A) Focus on the current problem B) Rapid assessment C) Stabilization D) Transfers E) Referrals

4. Nursing students are studying about the growth of hospitals in the United States. Which of the following are major forces influencing this growth? Select all that apply.

A) Advances in medical sciences B) Growth of health insurance C) Emergence of professional nursing D) Less governmental involvement E) Physician care in mental hospitals

5. The nursing student is reviewing the history of hospitals and healthcare facilities. Which of the following best describe legislative acts that provided construction for hospitals and healthcare facilities?

A) Hill-Burton Act of 1946 B) Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act of 2010 C) Grants in Aid of 1935 D) Social Security Act of 1963

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6. The nursing student is considering employment in a skilled nursing facility. Which care activities are most likely identified in this facility?

A) Physical therapy B) Education C) Referrals D) Transportation

7. The nursing student is explaining the history of nursing home admissions to a potential client. Which of the following is the major reason for an admission to a nursing home?

Select all that apply.

A) Functional dependence B) Cognitive impairment C) Medical illness D) Gender E) Age

8. The nurse is caring for a nursing home client. Which goals are most appropriate for this client? Select all that apply.

A) Autonomy B) Function C) Independence D) Environment E) Custodial care

9. The nursing student is considering potential employment in an assisted living facility.

Which of the following best describes the care provided in this facility? Select all that apply.

A) Most care provided by unlicensed personnel B) Residents manage their own medications C) Attend meals in community dining area D) Immobile clients are admitted E) Licensed nurses are not required

10. The nurse is describing the benefits of retirement communities to a potential client.

Which nursing theorists' model of care is most applicable to retirement communities?

A) Sister Callista Roy B) Betty Neuman C) Madeleine Leininger D) Patricia Benner

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11. The nurse is providing follow-up instructions for a client in ambulatory care. Which of these healthcare provider is the mainstay of basic care for most individuals?

A) Primary care provider B) Emergency department C) Urgent care D) School clinics

12. The hospital representative is discussing a client's participation in Medicare. The client is covered by Medicare A. Which healthcare services are most likely covered under Medicare A? Select all that apply.

A) Hospital B) Limited rehabilitation C) Physician care D) Outpatient services E) Prescriptions

13. The client presents to the hospital for treatment. Which healthcare provider is most likely to be this client's case manager?

A) Nurse B) Physician C) Admission coordinator D) Discharge planner

14. The nursing student is learning about acuity systems. Which of the following best describe concepts of this system? Select all that apply.

A) Refers to the severity of illness B) Rapidity of change in the client C) Intensity of care required D) Clients with level 1 requires the most care E) Intensity measures identify number of physician visits

15. The nursing student is learning about healthcare access. Which of the following most often influences healthcare access? Select all that apply.

A) Economic status B) Geography C) Sociocultural status D) Unethical practices of provider E) Charitable care

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16. The nurse is reviewing a hospital quality improvement plan. Which elements are most likely to appear in this document? Select all that apply.

A) Patient safety B) Client care coordination C) Preventative care methods D) The Joint Commission accreditation E) Patient satisfaction scores

17. The nursing student is reading about quality indicators recognized by The Agency for Health Care Research and Quality (AHRQ). Which of the following are quality indicators recognized by this agency? Select all that apply.

A) Prevention B) Inpatient C) Client safety D) Satisfaction scores E) Surgical errors

18. A hospital just initiated clinical pathways. Which of the following describes the best reason for utilizing critical pathways?

A) Standardized tool used to monitor outcomes B) Identifies payment received for treatment C) Prioritizes individual quality indicators D) Required for accreditation

19. The hospital is using clinical pathways. Which of the following is a priority benefit to this client?

A) Care can be immediately modified to address the problem B) Hospital can respond to client complaints C) Required for state surveyors during accreditation D) Identifies power in the healthcare system

20. The nursing student is reading about power in the healthcare system. Which of the following are significant examples of power in healthcare? Select all that apply.

A) Consumers B) Physicians C) Insurance companies D) The Joint Commission E) Hospital administrators

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Answer Key 1. A, B, C 2. A, B, C 3. A, B, C 4. A, B, C 5. A 6. A 7. A, B 8. A, B, C 9. A, B, C 10. A 11. A 12. A, B 13. A 14. A, B, C 15. A, B, C 16. A, B, C 17. A, B, C 18. A 19. A 20. A, B, C

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Chapter 7, Legal Responsibilities for Practice

1. The nursing student is reviewing the sources of law. Which of these is most relevant to nursing practice? Select all that apply.

A) Statutory B) Regulatory C) Common D) Ethical E) Constitutional

2. The nurse is reviewing common usage in nursing practice. Which of these examples best describe common usage?

A) Medication administration B) Standardized licensure examination C) Nurse practice acts D) Breach of client privacy

3. The nursing student is reading about rights and responsibilities in healthcare. Which legal characteristic is common to all clients?

A) Privacy B) Experimental treatment C) Diversion of drugs D) Charitable immunity

4. The nurse is learning about institutional policies during orientation. Which of the following best represent characteristics of institutional policies? Select all that apply.

A) Provide guidance on proper actions B) Identify time frame for actions C) Determine agency standards D) Determine outcome of legal actions E) Legal standards based on prior policies

5. The nursing student is reading about criminal law and nursing. Which of the following is true about minor infractions in nursing practice?

A) Minor infractions may result in the ability to practice nursing.

B) Most nurses believe that minor infractions are acceptable.

C) Errors that result in death are considered minor infractions.

D) Theft or abuse is considered a minor infraction.

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6. The nurse is studying about criminal law and nursing. Which of the following best illustrates criminal law in nursing?

A) Some violations are not prosecuted in court.

B) Violations are primarily related to opioid use.

C) Criminal action allows the nurse to enter recovery programs.

D) Nurses may keep licensure while being investigated on criminal charges.

7. The nurse is considering liability. Which of the following are major factors contributing to escalating costs of liability insurance? Select all that apply.

A) Large judgments B) Number of law suits C) Attorney fees D) Lower premiums E) Increasing client charges

8. The nurse is considering purchasing liability insurance. Which of the following best describes a claims occurred policy?

A) Coverage still in effect even after policy is dropped B) Coverage for failure to rescue during nursing care C) Coverage that is paid by employer during orientation D) Coverage to protect nurse from standing physician orders

9. The nurse is reviewing a client chart. Informed consent contains which information?

Select all that apply.

A) The nature of the decision/procedure B) Reasonable alternatives to the proposed intervention C) The relevant risks, benefits, and uncertainties related to each alternative D) Assessment of client understanding E) Blanket consent for any procedures necessary F) Signature alone proves consent given

10. The nurse is reviewing legal competence. Which of the following best demonstrates the concept of legal competence? Select all that apply.

A) Ultimately determined by courts B) Loss of consciousness causes inability to make judgments C) Competence may change from day to day, as a person's physical illness changes D) Consent is always obtained from legal guardian E) Restrict personal decision-making

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11. The parent presents to the emergency department with a minor adolescent who is refusing care. The parent gives consent to treat the minor. Which initial action should the nurse take in this scenario?

A) Do not proceed with care until clarification is provided.

B) Provide care if the child is over 7 years.

C) Consult a hospital lawyer.

D) Determine if the minor understands the purpose of care.

12. The nurse is reviewing a client's chart for advanced directives. Which of the following are considered advanced directives in this scenario? Select all that apply.

A) Durable power of attorney B) Living will C) Informed consent D) Patient Self-Determination Act E) Omnibus Care Act

13. The nursing student is reading about Five Wishes. Which of the following best describes this concept? Select all that apply.

A) Addresses end-of-life care B) Identifies life-sustaining therapies C) Determines other aspects of care D) Takes the place of an advanced directive E) Recognized primarily in Florida

14. The nurse is reviewing a client's chart to identify a healthcare proxy. Which of the following best demonstrates the elements of a healthcare proxy? Select all that apply.

A) Legal designation of a decision maker B) Decision maker if client incapacitated C) Supersedes all general legal designations for decision makers D) Decisions are made for the individual at any time E) May not be combined with other advanced directives

15. The nurse is reviewing a client's chart for documentation about life-sustaining treatment.

Which of the following illustrates the nurse's initial intervention in the absence of a written physician order for life-sustaining treatments?

A) Perform lifesaving measures in the event of a cardiac arrest B) Attempt to contact family and determine client wishes C) Review the chart for an advanced directive D) Call the healthcare proxy for instructions

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16. The nursing student is studying the Patient Self-Determination Act (PSDA). Which of the following best illustrate concepts of the PSDA? Select all that apply.

A) Clients can choose lifesaving actions B) Information required on admission to a healthcare facility C) Supports Self-Care Deficit of Nursing Theory D) Used primarily in long-term care facilities E) Legislation passed at the state level

17. The nursing student is studying about the legal concept of assault in nursing practice.

Which of the following best demonstrates this concept?

A) Nurse demands a client take medication or be placed in restraints B) A client extends an arm for the nurse to administer an injection C) Nurse repositions a client without communicated consent D) A client is forced to stay in the bed by using side rails

18. Which of the following represents elements which contribute to malpractice claims?

Select all that apply.

A) Social factors B) Overt fault-finding behaviors by the client C) Nurses who fail to recognize emotional needs of the client D) Policies, procedures, and protocols E) Self-awareness

19. The nurse is preparing to testify in a trial. Which of the following are considered priority actions when testifying? Select all that apply.

A) Listen carefully to what is being asked B) Admit if you do not remember C) Answer the question even if you do not understand D) Volunteer information each time you are asked E) Use medical terms when speaking

20. The nursing student is reviewing different types of law. Which of the following best demonstrates executive law?

A) Payment of Medicare funds B) Nurse practice acts C) Government organization D) Safe medication practice

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Answer Key 1. A, B, C 2. A 3. A 4. A, B, C 5. A 6. A 7. A, B, C 8. A 9. A, B, C, D 10. A, B, C 11. A 12. A, B 13. A, B, C 14. A, B, C 15. A 16. A, B, C 17. A 18. A, B, C 19. A, B 20. A

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Chapter 8, Ethical Concerns in Nursing Practice

1. Which of the following best explains the concept of values clarification? Select all that apply.

A) Increased exploration of personal values B) Enhanced self-awareness C) Facilitates decision-making D) Moral thoughts E) Belief shared by members of a culture

2. The nurse is attending an in-service on assisted suicide. Which of the following illustrates the primary arguments against assisted suicide? Select all that apply.

A) Religion B) Medical ethics C) Unintended consequences D) Widespread euthanasia E) Autonomy

3. Which of the following best demonstrates just distribution of limited medical resources? Select all that apply.

A) Need B) Ability to pay C) Societal contribution D) Home ownership E) Steady employment

4. The nursing student is reviewing ethical principles. Which ethical principle best explains the modern definition of accountability in nursing practice?

A) Fidelity B) Justice C) Beneficence D) Veracity

5. A nursing student is reviewing the deontology principle. Which example best explains this principle?

A) All persons in a research study have complete understanding of informed consent B) Justification of capitation in a managed care organization C) Health department fully funds immunizations and limits funding for episodic illness care D) Using income inequality to determine eligibility for access to healthcare

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6. The nurse is speaking to a group of students about autonomy. Which of the following demonstrates a major application of autonomy?

A) Individual rights B) Cultural relativism C) Standard of best interest D) Paternalism

7. The nurse is faced with moral distress while caring for a client. Which source best explain common areas of moral distress? Select all that apply.

A) End-of-life care B) Distributions of resources C) Protecting client rights D) Collective bargaining E) Science and technology

8. A nurse has just been asked to serve on an ethics committee. Which of the following best demonstrate the role of an ethics committee? Select all that apply.

A) Education B) Policy development C) Individual case review D) Determine outcomes of care E) Composed primarily of physicians

9. The nurse is employing the steps of ethical decision-making. Which of the following formulates the steps of this process? Select all that apply.

A) Clarify the problem B) Gather data C) Evaluate options D) Make a decision E) Commitment to the client F) Responsible work ethic

10. The nurse is reviewing commitment for personal excellence in nursing. Which of these is the client's best protection against poor nursing care?

A) Self-evaluation B) Continuing education C) Positive attitude D) Quality assurance

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11. The nursing student is learning about boundary violations in nursing care. Which of the following best illustrates a boundary violation between a nurse and a client?

A) Accepting gifts from clients and families B) Respecting the client's autonomy to refuse medication C) Educating clients about an experimental treatment D) Arranging transportation for the client

12. The nurse is reviewing factors associate with the impaired nurse. Which of the following best demonstrate factors that lead to chemical dependency? Select all that apply.

A) Stress B) Frequent shift changes C) Staffing shortages D) Acceptance E) Poor performance evaluations

13. The nursing student is reviewing factors related to chemical dependence in nursing.

Which of the following best explain factors associated with chemical dependence in nursing? Select all that apply.

A) Mood swings B) Slurred speech C) Tardiness D) Improved documentation E) Compliance with policies

14. The nurse suspects a coworker is chemically impaired. Which of the following demonstrate the most appropriate reasons not to confront the nurse? Select all that apply.

A) Increased secretive behavior B) Feelings of rejection C) Validation of observations D) Friendship E) Client safety

15. The nurse is concerned that a boundary violation has been committed. Which best explains the type of violation that has occurred?

A) Trust B) Genuineness C) Empathy D) Rapport

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16. The nurse is describing negative euthanasia to a group of students. Which information best demonstrates this concept? Select all that apply.

A) Do not resuscitate orders B) Withholding treatment C) Withdrawing treatment D) Administering pain medication E) Advance directives

17. The nurse is discussing issues surrounding the right to die with a group of students.

Which information is most appropriate for this discussion? Select all that apply.

A) Refusing treatment B) Dignity C) Assisted suicide D) Ethics E) State laws

18. The nursing student is studying about nonmaleficence. Which of the following best demonstrates examples of nonmaleficence? Select all that apply.

A) Wound debridement B) Adverse drug reactions C) Treatment side effects D) Applying restraints without cause E) Assisted suicide

19. The nurse is studying the concept of veracity. Which ethical principle is most likely to conflict with veracity?

A) Nonmaleficence B) Justice C) Fidelity D) Paternalism

20. The nurse is caring for a Japanese client who has just been diagnosed with terminal cancer. Which ethical principle is most controversial in this scenario?

A) Veracity B) Justice C) Fidelity D) Paternalism

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Answer Key 1. A, B, C 2. A, B, C 3. A, B, C 4. A 5. A 6. A 7. A, B, C 8. A, B, C 9. A, B, C, D 10. A 11. A 12. A, B, C 13. A, B, C 14. A, B, C 15. A 16. A, B, C 17. A, B, C 18. A, B, C 19. A 20. A

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Chapter 9, Safety Concerns in Healthcare

1. The nursing student is studying about medical errors. Which organization released a groundbreaking report on medical errors?

A) Institutes of Medicine B) National Quality Forum C) The Joint Commission D) American Nurses Association

2. The nursing student is studying about healthcare errors. Which of the following is considered a sentinel event? Select all that apply.

A) Tubing misconnections B) Surgery on wrong body part C) Inpatient client suicide D) Homicide in hospital parking garage E) Discharge of an infant to family members

3. The nursing student is reading about safe practices in healthcare. Which of the following best demonstrates safe practices? Select all that apply.

A) Culture of safety B) Informed consent C) Medication management D) Caregiver fatigue E) Health-associated infections

4. The nurse is reviewing hospital reimbursement. Which of the following hospital-acquired complications is not reimbursed by the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services? Select all that apply.

A) Pressure ulcers B) Hospital-acquired infections C) Air embolism D) Warfarin overdose E) Blood transfusions

5. The nurse is participating on a panel examining a culture of safety. Which priority concepts should be included? Select all that apply.

A) Trust and mutual respect B) Encourage error reporting C) No fear of retribution D) Mission and philosophy E) Beliefs and customs

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6. The nurse is reviewing factors related to error reporting. Which of the following demonstrates reasons for not reporting errors in healthcare? Select all that apply.

A) Job security B) Embarrassment C) Legal ramifications D) Root cause analysis E) Type of error

7. The nurse is verifying safety prior to surgery using the universal protocol. Which factors must met when using this protocol? Select all that apply.

A) Preprocedure verification process B) Marking the procedure site C) Performing a time-out D) Preoperative education E) Standardized plans of care

8. The nurse is preparing a client for surgery. Which of the following best demonstrates time-out inpatient safety?

A) Conducted immediately before a procedure B) Involves nurses from other units C) Surgical procedure started after checklist complete D) Surgical orders completed prior to procedure

9. The nursing student is reading about failure to rescue. Which of the following demonstrates the most effective strategies to increase nurses' time at the bedside? Select all that apply.

A) Hourly rounding B) Bedside shift report C) Streamlining documentation D) Medication administration E) Calling discharges for follow-up

10. The nurse is reviewing Jean Watson's nursing theory. Which of the following best demonstrates components of this theory? Select all that apply.

A) Focused on ways nurses care for clients B) Proponent of the nursing process C) Identified value of caring in healing D) Proposed client satisfaction scores E) Identified safer staffing patterns

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11. The nursing student is preparing for a clinical experience in long-term care. Which of the following priority actions should be included in a falls prevention protocol? Select all that apply.

A) Bed alarms B) Foam pads on the floor C) Toileting schedules D) Visual checks every 2 hours E) Keep clients in bed with side rails up

12. The nursing student is preparing to attend clinical on a nursing unit using smart pumps.

Which of the following best demonstrates components of this technology? Select all that apply.

A) Creates a library of medication.

B) Provides clinical advisories.

C) Alerts cannot be overridden.

D) Work-arounds are not possible.

E) Provides both hard and soft alerts.

13. The nursing student is reviewing the causes of medication errors in nursing practice.

Which of the following contributes most to nursing medication errors?

A) Interruptions B) Handwritten orders C) Client acuity D) Organizational resources

14. The nursing student is reading about quality and safety in nursing. Which competencies are needed most by future nurses? Select all that apply.

A) Knowledge B) Skills C) Attitudes D) Education E) Culture

15. The nursing student is preparing a project about the graduate's role in client safety.

Which of the following is most important to include in this project? Select all that apply.

A) Responsibility to direct others B) System-oriented corrections C) Evaluating client care D) Inability to correct mistakes as new graduate E) Penalty-based errors of staff members

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16. The nursing student is using a handoff tool during shift change. Which best demonstrates the components of a handoff tool? Select all that apply.

A) Client condition B) Client needs C) Plan of care D) Discharge date E) Medication orders

17. The nursing student is studying tools for effective communication. Which of the following best demonstrates competencies of the Team Strategies and Tools to Enhance Performance and Patient Safety? Select all that apply.

A) Team leadership B) Situation monitoring C) Communication D) Individual performance E) Negative environments

18. The nursing student is reviewing hospital-acquired infections. Which best demonstrates strategies to reduce hospital-acquired infections?

A) Bundles B) Personal protective equipment C) Standard precautions D) Aseptic techniques in dressing changes

19. The nursing student is reviewing the need for safer staffing patterns in nursing practice.

Which of the following best demonstrates unit conditions influencing staffing patterns?

Select all that apply.

A) Client acuity B) Nursing experience C) Support staff D) Increased hospital stays E) Poor client outcomes

20. The nursing student is preparing to administer medication using a bar code system.

Which of the following best explains the bar code system? Select all that apply.

A) Matches order with client identification B) Verifies the six rights of medication safety C) Compares bar code with prescribed medication D) Overrides information on client wristband E) Low cost system that requires little training

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Answer Key 1. A 2. A, B, C 3. A, B, C 4. A, B, C 5. A, B, C 6. A, B, C 7. A, B, C 8. A 9. A, B, C 10. A, B, C 11. A, B, C 12. A, B, E 13. A 14. A, B, C 15. A, B, C 16. A, B, C 17. A, B, C 18. A 19. A, B, C 20. A, B, C

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Chapter 10, The Nursing Profession and the Community

1. The nursing student is preparing to take a class on community-based nursing. Which of the following best demonstrates this type of nursing? Select all that apply.

A) Public health B) Ambulatory care C) School nursing D) Mental health nursing E) Emergency nursing

2. The nursing student is preparing for a clinical in community-based nursing. Which of the following best demonstrates the principles of community-based nursing? Select all that apply.

A) Client advocate B) Promoting self-care C) Focuses on health promotion D) Cost-effective E) Less disruptive for the client

3. The nursing student is studying about community-based care. Which of the following best illustrates the key to community-based care?

A) The client is in charge.

B) Boundaries blur to facilitate transition.

C) Episodic illness is focus of care.

D) Clients advocates for care.

4. The nursing student is preparing to speak about community-based care. Which of the following best demonstrate principles of community-based care? Select all that apply.

A) Culturally based B) Autonomous C) Advocacy D) High cost E) Episodic care

5. The nursing student is studying primary prevention. Which of the following best illustrates primary prevention? Select all that apply.

A) Immunizations across the life span B) Water treatment and sanitation C) Falls prevention programs D) Assessment for pressure ulcers E) Colon cancer screenings

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6. The nursing student is studying secondary prevention. Which of the following best illustrates secondary prevention? Select all that apply.

A) Melanoma screenings in construction workers B) Colon cancer screenings in sedentary office workers C) Pneumonia assessment in long-term care residents D) Activity programs for smoking cessation E) Functional independence in long-term care residents

7. The nurse is explaining tertiary prevention to a group of nursing students. Which of the following best demonstrates this principle?

A) Restoring functional capacity B) Screening and prevention of illness C) Aimed at stopping the cause of disease D) Health education for disabled individuals

8. The nursing student is reading about disease management programs. Which of the following best explains reasons for the implementation of these programs? Select all that apply.

A) Increased rates of hospitalization B) High healthcare costs C) Potentially life-altering complications D) Focus on acute illness management E) Primarily utilized by hospital systems

9. A nursing student is studying about Healthy People 2020. Which of the following illustrate priority goals for this comprehensive framework? Select all that apply.

A) Healthy behaviors B) Community safety C) Elimination of health disparities D) Finding a cure for Alzheimer disease E) Increased number of hospitals in urban areas

10. The nurse is examining primary prevention measures included in Healthy People 2020.

Which of the following best illustrate these measures? Select all that apply.

A) Physical activity B) Safe sexual practices C) Injury reduction D) Mammograms E) Disease management bundles

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11. The nursing student is studying nursing theories. Which of the following best illustrates elements of The Betty Neuman Health-Care Systems Model: A Total Person Approach to Patient Problems? Select all that apply.

A) Flexible lines of defense B) Return to wellness C) Holistic care D) Focus on the community well-being E) Focus is psychological aspect of client

12. The nurse is caring for a client with type 2 diabetes who is enrolled in a disease management program. Which of the following demonstrate the most appropriate interventions for this client? Select all that apply.

A) Education on blood glucose control B) Monitoring renal function C) Regular eye exams D) Scheduling surgery for amputation E) Arranging transportation for chest x-ray

13. A group of nursing students are reviewing leading health indicators outlined in Healthy People 2020. Which of the following best illustrate these indicators? Select all that apply.

A) Environmental quality B) Tobacco use C) Immunizations D) Eye examinations E) Cancer screenings

14. The nurse is documenting complementary and alternative medications used by a client.

Which of the following is most likely identified by this client? Select all that apply.

A) Acupuncture B) Prayer C) Naturopathy D) Vitamins E) Minerals

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15. The nursing student is reviewing domains of complementary and alternative medicine practices. Which of the following best describes these domains? Select all that apply.

A) Mind–body medicine B) Biologically based practices C) Energy medicine D) Transcultural medicine E) Conventional health practices

16. The nurse is studying about homeopathy. Which of the following best illustrates this principle? Select all that apply.

A) Based on the principle of immunization B) Varied dosages of remedies common C) Widely accepted by the medical community D) Underlying principle is based on lifestyle change E) Regulated by the Federal Drug Administration

17. The nursing student is considering the practice of mind–body medicine. Which interventions are most likely incorporated into this practice? Select all that apply.

A) Prayer B) Support groups C) Traditional psychotherapy D) Physical exercise E) Diet changes

18. The nurse is studying the role of herbs and supplements in contemporary and alternative medicine. Which of the following best illustrates concerns related to these substances?

Select all that apply.

A) Bioavailability of the substance B) Efficacy C) Interactions D) Cost E) Strict monitoring practices

19. The nursing student is assisting clients who choose alternative healthcare. Which of the following illustrates the most important factors when choosing alternative healthcare?

Select all that apply.

A) Safety B) Effectiveness C) Expertise of practitioner D) Medical care available E) Justice

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20. The nursing student is studying about traditional indigenous systems. Which of the following best illustrates this system? Select all that apply.

A) Herbal therapy B) Oriental massage C) Ayurvedic medicine D) Naturopathy E) Homeopathy

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Answer Key 1. A, B, C 2. A, B, C 3. A 4. A, B, C 5. A, B, C 6. A, B, C 7. A 8. A, B, C 9. A, B, C 10. A, B, C 11. A, B, C 12. A, B, C 13. A, B, C 14. A, B, C 15. A, B, C 16. A, B 17. A, B, C 18. A, B, C 19. A, B, C 20. A, B, C

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Chapter 11, Initiating the Leadership and Management Role

1. The nursing student is comparing principles of leaders and managers. Which of the following best illustrates the difference in these principles?

A) A manager has power to direct others within the organization.

B) Leaders are appointed by a competitive interview process.

C) Managers influence beliefs and opinions of others.

D) Leaders utilize resources to accomplish specific tasks.

2. The nurse is studying about transformational leadership. Which of the following best illustrates the attributes this leader? Select all that apply.

A) Idealized influence B) Inspirational motivation C) Intellectual stimulation D) Rewards system E) Promotes allegiance during crisis

3. The nursing student is reviewing the theory of Modeling and Role Modeling. Which of the following are considered priority goals for this theory? Select all that apply.

A) Build trust.

B) Promote positive attitude.

C) Advocate for client control.

D) Direct leadership activities.

E) Determine client weaknesses.

4. The nursing student is studying about the types of power in nursing. Which of the following best illustrate types of power? Select all that apply.

A) Legitimate B) Referent C) Reward D) Charisma E) Emotional

5. The nurse is studying about empowering others. Which of the following best demonstrates empowerment? Select all that apply.

A) Open sharing of information B) Goal setting C) Involvement in decision-making D) Hierarchal structure E) Coercive power

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6. The nursing student is studying about emotional intelligence. Which of the following best illustrates this concept?

A) Taking an assessment during the hiring process B) Examining how own behavior affects others C) Respond to anger by directing it in a positive manner D) Volunteering to serve on committees

7. The nursing student is studying empathy. Which of the following best illustrates this important concept?

A) Important for effective functioning in groups or teams B) Examining your own feelings and behavior C) Seeking out new learning opportunities D) Developing the ability to not take things personally

8. The nurse is studying empowerment. Which of the following illustrates personal attributes of empowerment? Select all that apply.

A) Trustworthiness B) Sincerity C) Problem solving D) Legitimate power E) Makes decisions for others

9. The nursing student is learning about leadership styles. Which approaches best enhance personal leadership styles? Select all that apply.

A) Continued learning B) Seeking a mentor C) Adopting a healthy lifestyle D) Autocratic behaviors in the workplace E) Narrowed views of organization

10. The nursing student is learning about effective communication. Which of the following demonstrate effect communication? Select all that apply.

A) Active listening B) Observation C) Giving feedback D) Generalizing E) Changing the subject

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11. The nursing student is reviewing culturally competent communication techniques.

Which of the following best demonstrate cultural differences in nonverbal communication? Select all that apply.

A) Eye contact B) Touch C) Idioms D) E-mail E) Computers

12. The nurse manager is reviewing elements of a performance appraisal. Which of the following best demonstrate the primary objectives of the performance appraisal? Select all that apply.

A) Maintain or improve employee performance B) Enhance the development of employees C) Identifies potential for advancement D) Identifies effective hiring processes E) Focuses on personality characteristics

13. The nurse manager is reviewing the characteristics of an effective performance appraisal system. Which of the following best demonstrate these characteristics? Select all that apply.

A) Clear and objective criteria B) Well-trained evaluators C) Known evaluation criteria D) Specific to unit governance E) Referent power is evident

14. The nurse is preparing for an employee performance appraisal. Which of the following best demonstrates employee expectations of an appraisal interview? Select all that apply.

A) Honest information of future potential B) Recommendations for improvement C) Active listening from evaluator D) Incongruent nonverbal communication E) Personality characteristics identified

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15. The nurse manager is preparing to conduct a performance appraisal. Which of the following behaviors illustrates behaviors to avoid during this performance appraisal?

Select all that apply.

A) Arguments with the employee B) Implementing corrective behavior C) Power statements D) Discussing personal characteristics E) Giving personal advice

16. The graduate nurse is developing time management skills. Which of the following best illustrate the principles of time management? Select all that apply.

A) Develop a time schedule.

B) Find a quiet place to document.

C) Perform a self-assessment.

D) Allow others to interrupt as needed.

E) Complete all tasks in order.

17. The nursing student is developing time management skills. Which of the following best illustrate common time wasters? Select all that apply.

A) Telephone interruptions B) Ineffective delegation C) Lack of self-discipline D) Lack of perceived control E) Expectations of the job

18. The nurse manager utilizes a laissez-faire leadership style. Which of the following best illustrates this leadership style? Select all that apply.

A) Coworkers make autonomous decisions B) Provides maximum freedom in the workplace C) Preferred style for unskilled employees D) Teamwork stressed among employees E) Communication flows both up and down

19. The nurse manager utilizes an authoritative leadership style. Which of the following best illustrates this style of leadership? Select all that apply.

A) Determines the majority of decisions B) Works well in crisis situations C) Uses downward communication D) Human relationships important E) Leaders view themselves as coworkers

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20. The nurse manager utilizes a democratic leadership style. Which of the following best illustrates this style of leadership? Select all that apply.

A) Input to decision-making encouraged among workers.

B) Leaders see themselves as coworkers.

C) Considered the preferred style in the majority of work situations.

D) Provides maximum freedom for individuals.

E) If used inappropriately, an informal leader may arise.

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Answer Key 1. A 2. A, B, C 3. A, B, C 4. A, B, C 5. A, B, C 6. A 7. A 8. A, B, C 9. A, B, C 10. A, B, C 11. A, B 12. A, B 13. A, B, C 14. A, B, C 15. A, B, C 16. A, B, C 17. A, B, C 18. A, B, C 19. A, B, C 20. A, B, C

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Chapter 12, Working With Others in a Leadership Role

1. The graduate nurse is studying about healthcare relationships. Which of the following best describes the hallmark of all relationships within healthcare?

A) Respect B) Teamwork C) Communication D) Privacy

2. The nurse is assigned to a nursing unit team. Which of the following best demonstrates team building? Select all that apply.

A) Trust B) Integrity C) Communication D) Legitimate power E) Hierarchal structure

3. The nursing student is preparing a presentation on how teams functions. Which team member has a pivotal role in team functions?

A) Nurses B) Clients C) Physicians D) Pharmacists

4. The nursing student is learning the roles of the nurse. Which of the following best demonstrates these roles? Select all that apply.

A) Educator B) Advocate C) Researcher D) Phlebotomist E) Transporter

5. The nurse is preparing to notify the healthcare provider about a client. Which of the following demonstrates the best approach to collect this information?

A) Situation, Background, Assessment, Recommendation B) Perform a complete client assessment C) Review the client's medical record D) Obtain client vital signs

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6. The nurse is learning about the nurse's role as an advocate. Which of the following best illustrates this role?

A) Assist client in making informed decisions B) Act as counselor and coach for the client C) Provide important information related to health D) Serves as change agent in healthcare environment

7. The nurse is attending a team building exercise in the acute care setting. Which of the following best demonstrates the goal of team building?

A) The group achieves more results than individuals working alone.

B) Teams are homogeneous with diverse individuals.

C) Focus is on components that do not work.

D) Life experiences encourage team behaviors.

8. The graduate nurse is reviewing components of team building. Which of the following best demonstrates behaviors related to becoming a good team member? Select all that apply.

A) Open, honest communication B) Accepting constructive criticism C) Self-motivating D) Resists change when necessary E) Stalls discussion of opposing views

9. The team leader is coaching a less experienced team member. Which of the following best illustrates how coaching improves the team? Select all that apply.

A) Effectiveness B) Task learning C) Performance D) Group interaction E) Communication

10. The student nurse is reviewing the concept of motivation. Which of the following best demonstrates skills needed for motivation? Select all that apply.

A) Strong people skills B) Clear personal goals C) Participatory supervision D) Achievement E) Recognition

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11. The nurse manager is evaluating employees' extrinsic motives. Which of the following should the nurse manager expect to identify? Select all that apply.

A) Salary B) Work environment C) Individual goals D) Professional growth E) Competence

12. The nurse manager is observing employees based on the Motivation-Hygiene theory.

Which of the following behaviors best demonstrate satisfied employees?

A) Increased performance B) Focus on salaries C) Working conditions D) Organizational policies

13. The graduate nurse is reviewing personal behaviors that motivate others. Which of the following best demonstrates these behaviors? Select all that apply.

A) Inspire trust B) Role modeling C) Respect D) Coercion E) Legitimate power

14. The nurse is preparing client care assignments. Which of the following should be determined before delegating tasks? Select all that apply.

A) Task B) Person C) Supervision D) Intervention E) Client goals

15. The nurse is considered delegation on a nursing unit. Which of the following best demonstrates barriers to effective delegation? Select all that apply.

A) Lack of job description B) Time required to supervise C) Inadequate training D) Organizational change E) Employee resistance

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16. The nurse manager identifies internal forces which promote organizational change.

Which of the following best illustrates these forces? Select all that apply.

A) Nursing care delivery models B) Shared governance C) Pharmacy dispensing systems D) Healthcare legislation E) Changing demographics

17. The nursing student is preparing a presentation about becoming change agent within a healthcare setting. Which of the following best illustrates this role? Select all that apply.

A) Assist others B) Recruit support C) Resolve conflict D) Identify economic impact E) Dismiss personnel who disagree

18. The nurse manager acts as a change agent within an organization. Which of the following illustrates the major role(s) of a change agent? Select all that apply.

A) Overcome resistance.

B) Address employee rumors.

C) Facilitate quick changes.

D) Ensure grief counselors are present.

E) Delegation.

19. The nurse is reflecting on the positive side of conflict. Which of the following best illustrates the positive side of conflict? Select all that apply.

A) Provides impetus for change B) Results in personal growth C) Open new communication lines D) Creates discord in the organization E) Dulls employee senses

20. The nurse is experiencing intrapersonal conflict. Which of the following best demonstrates this type of conflict?

A) A nurse declines to participate on a committee to spend more time with clients B) Nurses disagree with the most important aspects of a client's care C) Differing leadership styles among nurse managers on the same unit D) Nurses who disagree on the decision to withdraw treatment

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Answer Key 1. A 2. A, B, C 3. A 4. A, B, C 5. A 6. A 7. A 8. A, B, C 9. A, B, C 10. A, B, C 11. A, B 12. A 13. A, B, C 14. A, B, C 15. A, B, C 16. A, B, C 17. A, B, C 18. A, B 19. A, B, C 20. A

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Chapter 13, Facing the Challenges of Today's Workplace

1. The nursing student is studying Patricia Benner's nursing theory. Which role differentiates the novice nurse from the expert nurse?

A) Responding to changing situations B) Teaching–coaching C) Leadership and management D) Diagnostic and monitoring

2. A new graduate is experiencing reality shock. Which of the following best demonstrates feeling associated with this condition? Select all that apply.

A) Powerless B) Depressed C) Psychological stress D) GI disturbances E) Muscle weakness

3. The newly licensed registered nurse is evaluating prospective employers in the community. Which priority factors assist the nurse in deciding on employment? Select all that apply.

A) Talking with experienced nurses B) Meeting with faculty members C) Contacting recent graduates D) Attending a general orientation E) Viewing employment websites

4. The nursing student is studying about nursing coaches and mentors. Which of the following differentiates the nursing mentor role and coaches?

A) Supports professional development B) Provides an information relationship C) Primarily assigned a mentee D) Assists mentee with advanced skill development

5. The newly licensed registered nurse just began working with his or her mentor. Which of the following are priority attributes for the mentee in this relationship? Select all that apply.

A) Willing to accept feedback B) Accepts new ways of functioning C) Open communication D) Attending peer support groups E) Seeking out multiple mentors

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6. The nurse is learning about burnout. Which symptoms best demonstrate this phenomenon? Select all that apply.

A) Hopelessness B) Powerlessness C) Decreased ability to function D) Seeking out peer groups E) Working in long-term care

7. The nurse is attending a seminar on preventing burnout. Which of the following are priority measures to prevent burnout? Select all that apply.

A) Pay attention to physical health B) Decompression after work C) Rotate off high-pressure areas D) Professional counseling E) Frequent job changes

8. The nursing staff is discussing ways to prevent burnout on the unit. Which measures are most effective in preventing burnout on a nursing unit? Select all that apply.

A) Flexible scheduling B) Volunteering for specific assignments C) Serving on policy committees D) Change the physical environment E) Petition for decreased client acuity

9. The nursing student is reading about workplace safety. Which of the following is considered the most frequent transmission source of blood-borne diseases?

A) Large-bore needles B) Sharps containers C) Splash injury to eyes D) Microscopic tears in gloves

10. The nurse is attending an in-service on ergonomic hazards in the workplace. Which of the following represents the most reported ergonomic hazards?

A) Musculoskeletal injuries B) Large-bore needlestick injuries C) Anesthetic gas exposure D) Chemotherapeutic agents

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11. The nursing student is reviewing the Human Becoming theory. Which of the following best illustrates the themes of this theory? Select all that apply.

A) Personal meaning for the client B) Rhythmical patterns created by person and universe C) Human beings can reach beyond limits D) Focuses primarily on the biology of life E) Explores the symptoms of compassion fatigue

12. The nurse sustained a back injury while turning a client. Which of the following should the nurse do first?

A) Complete an incident report at the time of the occurrence.

B) Seek treatment in the community urgent care center.

C) Complete the current shift before contacting supervisor.

D) Submit workers' compensation claim prior to leaving the hospital.

13. The nursing student is reviewing the ethnic composition of nurses in professional practice. Which of the following best demonstrate root causes of minority participation in nursing? Select all that apply.

A) Access to education B) Economic status C) Image of nursing D) Creation of national coalitions E) Increased professional diversity

14. The nursing student is studying about abuse of power in nursing practice. Which of the following best illustrates abuse of power? Select all that apply.

A) quid pro quo B) Incivility C) Lateral violence D) Client care assignments E) Staff meeting scheduling

15. The nurse is attending an in-service on workplace violence. Which of the following best illustrates the setting where most workplace violence occurs?

A) Psychiatric departments B) Emergency department C) Family birthing centers D) Outpatient rehabilitation

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16. The nursing student is learning about Patricia Benner's levels of function. Which of the following best illustrates the competent stage? Select all that apply.

A) Identifies long-term goals B) Ability to prioritize C) Lacks speed in completing tasks D) Formulates guidelines for action E) Context-free rules guide behavior

17. The nursing student is learning about Patricia Benner's levels of function. Which of the following best illustrates the expert stage? Select all that apply.

A) Intuitive grasp of the situation B) Does not rely on maxims C) Ability to focus on critical elements first D) Perceives the whole rather than just the parts E) Relatively inflexible in actions

18.

Which of the following best describes sexual harassment in nursing?

A) Creation of a hostile work environment through a sexual nature B) Persistent attempts to initiate a consensual personal relationship C) Disruptive sexual behavior among consenting coworkers D) Physicians are most often recognized for inappropriate behaviors

19. The nursing student is learning about discrimination in the nursing profession. Which of the following best demonstrates the program Breakthrough to Nursing? Select all that apply.

A) Minority mentoring in nursing education B) Sponsored by National Student Nurses' Association C) Participants chosen by references from educators D) Primarily established for densely populated urban areas E) Individuals are invited to participate

20. The nurse is attending an in-service on The Americans With Disabilities Act (ADA) of 1990. Which of the following best illustrates the intent of this legislation?

A) Reasonable accommodations for individuals with disabilities B) Termination of individuals with ongoing disabilities C) Allows ability to maintain exact employment duties D) Immediate transfer of individuals to other internal facilities

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Answer Key 1. A 2. A, B, C 3. A, B, C 4. A 5. A, B, C 6. A, B, C 7. A, B, C 8. A, B, C 9. A 10. A 11. A, B, C 12. A 13. A, B, C 14. A, B, C 15. A 16. A, B, C 17. A, B, C 18. A 19. A, B 20. A

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Chapter 14, Valuing the Political Process

1. The nurse is attending a conference on politics. Which of the following best demonstrates the fundamental principles of this concept? Select all that apply.

A) Decision-making B) Allocation of resources C) Exists in private and public arenas D) Primarily exists in democratic societies E) Abundance of resources

2. The nursing student is becoming informed about biases in legislation and healthcare.

Which of the following determine these biases? Select all that apply.

A) Identify groups' viewpoints B) Based on firm factual data C) Oppose special interest groups D) Choose based on political party E) Obtain information from divergent viewpoints

3. The nursing student is learning about the importance of nurses in the election process.

Which of the following best illustrate this concept? Select all that apply.

A) Nurses are thought to vote in higher percentages B) Ability to vote for candidates who support personal views C) Absentee ballots available for those who work on election day D) Most employers do not allow time off to vote on election day E) Barriers to voting include mail in ballots in most jurisdictions

4. The nursing student is learning about shaping public opinion. Which of the following best illustrates ways to shape public opinion?

A) Share knowledge gained through personal experience B) Support personal position through opinion C) Attend social events to push personal political opinion D) Use employer facilities to hold political rallies

5. The nursing student is studying how to contact members of Congress. Which of the following is most important when contacting these individuals?

A) Identify issue and clearly state personal position B) Leave a telephone message as instructed C) Send an e-mail from employer computer D) Drop by local congressional offices

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6. The nursing student is planning a visit to a congressman or representative. Which of the following best illustrates steps in planning the visit? Select all that apply.

A) Write out concerns and questions.

B) Be polite and address concerns calmly.

C) Leave time for questions.

D) Immediate visits are often available.

E) Rudeness is acceptable with opposing views.

7. The nursing student is studying about nonlobbying nursing organizations. Which of the following best illustrates these types of organization? Select all that apply.

A) Tri-Council for Nursing B) Nurses Strategic Action Team (N-STAT) C) State and district nursing associations D) Political action committees E) Shared governance

8. The nursing student is differentiating political action committees from nonprofit groups.

Which of the following best illustrates elements of political action committees?

A) Free to try and affect the political process.

B) Tax deductible donations are allowed.

C) Funds are not used for political purposes.

D) Cannot take action on behalf of desired candidate.

9. The nurse is preparing to testify for decision-making bodies. Which of the following illustrates elements which best prepare the nurse to testify?

A) Show up on the day of testimony.

B) State position clearly.

C) Reading the statement is more effective.

D) Time limits are not usually implemented.

10. The nursing student is reviewing the influence of research on health policy in other countries. Which of the following best demonstrates implementation of this research?

A) Scotland distributes naloxone to family and friends of opiate users.

B) United States were primary researchers in a study about opioid deaths.

C) Japan develops naloxone centers to treat opioid overdoses.

D) Russia outlaws heroin use among all convicted criminals.

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11. The nursing student is studying about the Science of Unitary Human Beings. Which of the following best illustrates the definition of health in this theory?

A) Outward expression of life processes B) Part science and part art C) Focus on bigger picture D) Client treated as an illness

12. The nursing student is studying about the Hatch Act of 1993. Which of the following best illustrates prohibited behavior by federal employees? Select all that apply.

A) Supporting a political party B) Representing agencies in political activity C) Acting as a spokesperson for a political organization D) Requirements are similar to nonfederal employee requirements E) Only applies to employees of Veteran Administration

13. The nursing student is reviewing the federal budget process. Which of the following best illustrates this legislative process? Select all that apply.

A) Authorization act B) Appropriations act C) Participation of executive branch D) Conditions of approval for Medicare E) Senate has final vote on budget

14. The nurse is attending an in-service about the Occupational Safety and Health Act (OSHA). Which of the following best demonstrates actions mandated by OSHA? Select all that apply.

A) Gloves and eye shields B) Immunizations for influenza C) Education for blood-borne pathogens and needlesticks D) Disaster planning E) Cardiopulmonary resuscitation

15. The nursing student is reviewing nursing home regulations. Which of the following best illustrates a national standard of care for nursing homes receiving federal money? Select all that apply.

A) Use of restraints has decreased.

B) Effective support of resident rights.

C) Basic care needs identified.

D) Increased use of psychotropic drugs.

E) Resident falls decreased dramatically.

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16. The nursing student is studying the state-level concerns identified by the American Nurses' Association. Which of the following best illustrate these concerns? Select all that apply.

A) Needlestick injury prevention B) Nursing quality indicators C) Violence in the workplace D) Voluntary overtime for registered nurses E) Research on the use of unlicensed personnel

17. The nursing student is studying about Nurses' Associated Alumnae of the United States and Canada. Which of the following best illustrates the priorities of this organization?

Select all that apply.

A) Establish and maintain a code of ethics B) Elevate the standards of nursing education C) Promote the honor and other interests of nursing D) Develop political action committees E) Concerned with continuing education for nurses

18. A nurse is thinking about joining the local chapter of a nursing organization. Which reasons are barriers to joining this organization? Select all that apply.

A) Philosophical differences B) Apathy about joining organizations C) Time constraints D) Increasing member dues E) Competition among many organizations

19. The nursing student is studying about the international council of nurses. Which of the following best illustrates the purpose of this organization?

A) Encourage communication about the profession.

B) Find employment for registered nurses.

C) Officiate all nursing organizations.

D) Individual nursing membership.

20. The nurse is considering membership in the American Nurses' Association (ANA).

Which of the following best illustrates strategic imperatives from the ANA? Select all that apply.

A) Professional excellence B) Formulating public policy C) Workplace rights D) Decentralization of organization E) Increasing public awareness

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Answer Key 1. A, B, C 2. A, B, E 3. A, B, C 4. A 5. A 6. A, B, C 7. A, B, C 8. A 9. B 10. A 11. A 12. A, B, C 13. A, B, C 14. A, B, C 15. A, B, C 16. A, B, C 17. A, B, C 18. A, B, C 19. A 20. A, B, C

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Chapter 15, Applying Research and Technology

1. The nursing student is studying about nursing research. Which of the following best demonstrates a key landmark toward a research-based profession?

A) National Center for Nursing Research B) Nursing Research publication C) International Council of Nursing D) Workforce Reinvestment Act

2. The nursing student is preparing to submit a research proposal to the institutional review board (IRB). Which of the following best illustrates the purpose of the IRB? A) Oversees research in organizations.

B) Identifies dissemination of research findings.

C) Research is allowed without IRB approval.

D) Identifies potential outcomes of the research.

3. The nurse is studying basic research principles. Which of the following best illustrates a dependent variable?

A) Hypertension B) Sphygmomanometer C) Convenience sample D) Probability

4. The nurse is determining the reliability of a nursing research project. Which of the following best illustrates the concept of reliability?

A) Ability of the research instrument yields the same result every time.

B) Participant emphasizes the independent choice to remain in the research study.

C) Demonstrates the outcome if no treatment is applied during the research.

D) Individual is informed of potential risks or benefits of participating.

5. The nurse is designing the research study. Which of the following differentiates the experimental group from the control group?

A) Experimental group receives new treatment.

B) Experimental group receives no treatment.

C) The experimental group and control group never receive the same treatment.

D) Multiple experimental groups and control groups can receive the same treatment.

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6. The nurse is designing a quantitative research study. Which of the following best illustrates a quantitative research design? Select all that apply.

A) Randomized control trial B) Longitudinal study C) Methodological research D) Phenomenology E) Case studies

7. The nurse is designing a qualitative research study. Which of the following best illustrate qualitative research designs? Select all that apply.

A) Interviews B) Lengthy observations C) Detailed case histories D) Randomized control trials E) Longitudinal studies

8. The nurse is designing a qualitative research study using life histories. Which of the following best illustrates the information gained in this type of research study?

A) Provide detailed information about a single individual B) Main concern is identification biologic disease processes C) Present concerns that elicit participant concerns and problem solving D) Statistical tests allow the researcher to determine probability of occurrence

9. The nursing student is learning about the role of the registered nurse in the research study. Which of the following best illustrates this role? Select all that apply.

A) Identify questions or problems B) Communicate information C) Principle researcher D) Analyze statistical data E) Pays participants to provide data

10. The nursing student is studying evidence-based nursing. Which of the following illustrates the best concepts of evidence-based nursing? Select all that apply.

A) Research B) Problem solving C) Client preference D) Competent stage of nursing E) Generalized client situations F) Available resources

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11. The nursing student is studying about commonly used ratings system for the hierarchy of evidence. Which of the following characteristics are identified in Level I evidence?

A) Evidence from systematic review of all relevant randomized controlled trials (RCTs) B) Obtained from at least one well-designed randomized controlled trials C) Evidence from infection control studies D) Systematic reviews from quantitative studies

12. The nursing student is studying about commonly used ratings system for the hierarchy of evidence. Which of the following characteristics are identified in Level V evidence?

Select all that apply.

A) Retrospective chart reviews with descriptive information.

B) Reports from experts committees.

C) Infection control review with descriptive information.

D) Evidence obtained from well-designed controlled trials without randomization.

E) Evidence from systematic review of all relevant randomized controlled trials (RCTs).

13. The nursing student is preparing to conduct a literature search. Which of the following best demonstrates characteristics of PubMed? Select all that apply.

A) Most comprehensive database B) Provides thesaurus of specific terms C) Key words appear in title, article, and abstract D) Includes steps of nursing process E) Database of systematic reviews

14. The nursing student is reading a systematic review. Which of the following best illustrates the characteristics of a systematic review? Select all that apply.

A) Examines a broad spectrum of research on a specific problem.

B) Presents strengths and weaknesses of various research studies.

C) Review is conducted by an expert panel providing excellent information.

D) Changing practices are clearly delineated in the review.

E) Information is primarily based on historical data.

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15. The nursing student is studying evidence-based research using the University of North Carolina rubric, the 5 As. Which of the following elements should the nursing student expect to identify? Select all that apply.

A) Ask B) Assess C) Analyze D) Admire E) Ally

16. The nursing student is developing a research question. Which of the following demonstrate the most appropriate components of a research question using PICOT? Select all that apply.

A) Population B) Outcome C) Time frame D) Team approach E) Information

17. The nursing student is studying Kolcaba's Comfort Theory of Nursing. Which of the following best identifies the forms of comfort in this theory? Select all that apply.

A) Relief B) Ease C) Transcendence D) Environment E) Psychospiritual

18. The nursing student is studying barriers to evidence-based practice. Which of the following best demonstrate these barriers? Select all that apply.

A) Access to information resources B) Lack of time for seeking information resources C) Lack of background in understanding and valuing research D) Private funding available for designing quality research studies E) Governmental influences in funding

19. The nursing student is studying about barriers in computerized charting. Which of the following barriers are most likely identified? Select all that apply.

A) Number of individuals accessing data B) Nonstandardized format C) Qualitative data D) Checklists E) Terminology systems

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20. The nursing student is studying the advantages of computerized client records. Which of the following is considered a major advantage of computerized records?

A) Available at the point-of-care without the need to a written record.

B) Client privacy is not compromised in computer access.

C) Informed consent is not necessary to access records.

D) Decreases ethical concerns in accessing client information.

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Answer Key 1. A 2. A 3. A 4. A 5. A 6. A, B, C 7. A, B, C 8. A 9. A, B 10. A, B, C 11. A 12. A, B, C 13. A, B, C 14. A, B, C 15. A, B, C 16. A, B, C 17. A, B, C 18. A, B, C 19. A, B, C 20. A

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