Ethics Jurisprudence and Practice Management in Dental Hygiene 3rd Edition By Vickie Kimbrough

Ethics, Jurisprudence, & Practice Management in Dental Hygiene Third Edition

CHAPTER

2

Core Values and Additional Ethical Principles

Ethics, Jurisprudence, and Practice Management in Dental Hygiene, Third Edition Vickie J. Kimbrough-Walls • Charla J. Lautar

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ADHA Code of Ethics • Preamble • Purpose • Key concepts • Basic beliefs • Fundamental principles • Core values • Standards of professional responsibility Ethics, Jurisprudence, and Practice Management in Dental Hygiene, Third Edition Vickie J. Kimbrough-Walls • Charla J. Lautar

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CDHA Code of Ethics • Preamble • Principles – Beneficence – Autonomy – Privacy and confidentiality – Accountability – Professionalism

Ethics, Jurisprudence, and Practice Management in Dental Hygiene, Third Edition Vickie J. Kimbrough-Walls • Charla J. Lautar

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CDHA Code of Ethics • Standards • Appendices • References

Ethics, Jurisprudence, and Practice Management in Dental Hygiene, Third Edition Vickie J. Kimbrough-Walls • Charla J. Lautar

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IFDH Code of Ethics • Introduction • Values – Integrity – Respect

Ethics, Jurisprudence, and Practice Management in Dental Hygiene, Third Edition Vickie J. Kimbrough-Walls • Charla J. Lautar

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IFDH Code of Ethics • Principle Elements – Dental hygienists and people/society – Dental hygienists and practice – Dental hygienists and co-workers – Dental hygienists the profession

Ethics, Jurisprudence, and Practice Management in Dental Hygiene, Third Edition Vickie J. Kimbrough-Walls • Charla J. Lautar

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Autonomy • Self-determination • Kantian respect for individual • Paternalism/parentalism • Competency • Respect • Informed consent

Ethics, Jurisprudence, and Practice Management in Dental Hygiene, Third Edition Vickie J. Kimbrough-Walls • Charla J. Lautar

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Autonomy • A person should be free to act in accordance with a well-chosen and informed plan—even if it involves considerable risk to himself or herself, and even if others consider the action to be foolish, as long as the action does no harm to others

Ethics, Jurisprudence, and Practice Management in Dental Hygiene, Third Edition Vickie J. Kimbrough-Walls • Charla J. Lautar

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Confidentiality • Promise • Privacy • Legal duty – Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA) – Criminal code of Canada

• Disclosure

Ethics, Jurisprudence, and Practice Management in Dental Hygiene, Third Edition Vickie J. Kimbrough-Walls • Charla J. Lautar

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Confidentiality • Status of information about a person and the way it is managed • Keeping within proper bounds • Medicine, law, religion • What about this information – Shameful – Embarrassing – Harmful  Libel vs. slander Ethics, Jurisprudence, and Practice Management in Dental Hygiene, Third Edition Vickie J. Kimbrough-Walls • Charla J. Lautar

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Confidentiality • Confidentiality – A person must keep secret all information which has been confided unless there is a morally justified or mandatory reason for disclosure

• Privacy – A person ought to have the right of determining to what extent thought, sentiments, and emotions shall be communicated to others Ethics, Jurisprudence, and Practice Management in Dental Hygiene, Third Edition Vickie J. Kimbrough-Walls • Charla J. Lautar

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HIPAA • Title I: Continuation of health insurance • Title II: Protects identifiable health information or PHI (protected health information) – Privacy standards – Covered entities (TPO) – Business associates – Patient rights – Administrative requirements Ethics, Jurisprudence, and Practice Management in Dental Hygiene, Third Edition Vickie J. Kimbrough-Walls • Charla J. Lautar

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HIPAA • Ensures that the minimal necessary information is to be used and disclosed, thereby protecting one’s identity and health information

Ethics, Jurisprudence, and Practice Management in Dental Hygiene, Third Edition Vickie J. Kimbrough-Walls • Charla J. Lautar

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Covered Entities (TPO) • Treatment • Payment • Health care operations • Any one or any organization such as health plans, health care clearinghouses, and health care providers that transmit standard transactions in electronic formats

Ethics, Jurisprudence, and Practice Management in Dental Hygiene, Third Edition Vickie J. Kimbrough-Walls • Charla J. Lautar

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Business Associates • Persons who perform a function or activity on behalf of a covered entity – Those whose jobs require reviewing at health information – Vendors, auditors, attorneys, consultants, billing services, transcriptionists, practice management companies – Covered entities are required to obtain contracts Ethics, Jurisprudence, and Practice Management in Dental Hygiene, Third Edition Vickie J. Kimbrough-Walls • Charla J. Lautar

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Patients’ Rights • Access medical and dental records • Amendment to medical and dental records • Accounting of disclosures • File complaint • Restricting information • Protocols and time frames

Ethics, Jurisprudence, and Practice Management in Dental Hygiene, Third Edition Vickie J. Kimbrough-Walls • Charla J. Lautar

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Administrative Requirements • Designated privacy officer or contact person • Training for employees • Safeguards to protect PHI • Computer passwords • Identify and track users/detect activity of electronically transmitted information

Ethics, Jurisprudence, and Practice Management in Dental Hygiene, Third Edition Vickie J. Kimbrough-Walls • Charla J. Lautar

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The American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009 • Updates to HIPAA • Business associates have same requirements as covered entities • Individuals notified if breach of PHI • Patients can request electronic copy • Enforcement and penalties are increased

Ethics, Jurisprudence, and Practice Management in Dental Hygiene, Third Edition Vickie J. Kimbrough-Walls • Charla J. Lautar

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Societal Trust • Maintain trust (specialized knowledge/skill) • Gatekeepers • For profit • Confidentiality • Society trusts professionals

Ethics, Jurisprudence, and Practice Management in Dental Hygiene, Third Edition Vickie J. Kimbrough-Walls • Charla J. Lautar

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Professional Accountability • A person ought to be responsible for the consequences of professional practice

Ethics, Jurisprudence, and Practice Management in Dental Hygiene, Third Edition Vickie J. Kimbrough-Walls • Charla J. Lautar

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Nonmaleficence • To do no harm • Primum non nocere/first do no harm • Above all, do no harm • Part of Hippocratic oath • A person should act so that whatever else you do, do no harm or inflict no harm while also acting to prevent and remove harm when it is present Ethics, Jurisprudence, and Practice Management in Dental Hygiene, Third Edition Vickie J. Kimbrough-Walls • Charla J. Lautar

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Beneficence • Provision of benefit • Preventing evil or harm • Promoting good • Part of Hippocratic oath—to help

Ethics, Jurisprudence, and Practice Management in Dental Hygiene, Third Edition Vickie J. Kimbrough-Walls • Charla J. Lautar

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Justice • Fairness • A person ought to be just, fair, or impartial; give fair treatment and due reward • Distribution of public funds to meet the needs of the under served

Ethics, Jurisprudence, and Practice Management in Dental Hygiene, Third Edition Vickie J. Kimbrough-Walls • Charla J. Lautar

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Veracity • Telling the truth, truth telling • Best interest of patient • Therapeutic deception/privilege – Deception as therapy – Delay telling

• A person has a duty to tell the truth and not to lie or deceive others

Ethics, Jurisprudence, and Practice Management in Dental Hygiene, Third Edition Vickie J. Kimbrough-Walls • Charla J. Lautar

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Veracity • Informed consent vs.

– Not telling all the facts – Communication

• Advertising and marketing

Ethics, Jurisprudence, and Practice Management in Dental Hygiene, Third Edition Vickie J. Kimbrough-Walls • Charla J. Lautar

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Fidelity • Faithful • Closely related to other principles/values • A person ought to keep promises and obligations to others and abide by rules and regulations

Ethics, Jurisprudence, and Practice Management in Dental Hygiene, Third Edition Vickie J. Kimbrough-Walls • Charla J. Lautar

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Paternalism • Paternalism/parentalism • To act as a parent • Make decisions for another • Override autonomous decisions for benefit

Ethics, Jurisprudence, and Practice Management in Dental Hygiene, Third Edition Vickie J. Kimbrough-Walls • Charla J. Lautar

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Utility • Usefulness • A person ought to weigh both burdens and benefits to ensure the best balance of benefits over harms

Ethics, Jurisprudence, and Practice Management in Dental Hygiene, Third Edition Vickie J. Kimbrough-Walls • Charla J. Lautar

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Public Health Ethical Principles • Beneficence • Nonmalficence • Autonomy • Justice

Ethics, Jurisprudence, and Practice Management in Dental Hygiene, Third Edition Vickie J. Kimbrough-Walls • Charla J. Lautar

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Summary • Code of ethics provides ethical core values and principles to guide professional behavior • HIPAA uphold confidentiality

Ethics, Jurisprudence, and Practice Management in Dental Hygiene, Third Edition Vickie J. Kimbrough-Walls • Charla J. Lautar

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