Effects of ethanol extracts of Newbouldia laevis leaves and stem on organ Anaduaka et al. histology. 5945 ffects of ethanol extracts of Newbouldia laevis leaves and stem on organ histology. Effects of ethanol Effects extracts of ethanol of extracts Newbouldia of Newbouldia laevis leaves laevis and leaves stem on and organ stemhistology. on organ histology.
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B B A Figure 1. Photomicrograph of sections of organs from control rats showing, A) Normal liver with its central vein (CV) A A and Kupffer cells along the sinusoids (arrow), B) Kidney showing normal glomerulus (G) and renal tubules H&E ×400.
omerulus(G) normal and1:renal glomerulus(G) tubules H&E and renal tubules H&E ×400 Fig Photomicrograph of ×400 sections of organs from control rats showing, A- normal Liv
ig 1: of (CV) sections organs from control rats showing, Anormal Liver with its Liv central vein andofKupffer cellsfrom along the sinusoids (arrow), BKidney showing no FigPhotomicrograph 1: Photomicrograph Fig 1: Photomicrograph of sections of of sections organs of organs control from rats control showing, rats Ashowing, normal ALiver normal with its entral vein (CV) and Kupffer cells along the sinusoids (arrow), BKidney showing normal glomerulus(G) andand renal tubules H&E ×400 central vein central (CV) and vein Kupffer (CV) cells Kupffer along cells the sinusoids along the(arrow), sinusoidsB-(arrow), Kidney Bshowing Kidney normal showing no omerulus(G) and renal tubules H&E ×400 glomerulus(G) glomerulus(G) and renal tubules and renal H&E tubules ×400H&E ×400
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Figure 2. Histologic sections of organs from untreated diabetic rats. A) Liver with focal areas of hepatocyte degeneration, B) kidney having mild congestion of the glomerulus (G) H&E ×400.
ogic sections Fig 2:ofHistologic organs from sections untreated of organs diabetic fromrats. untreated A- liver diabetic with focal rats.areas A- liver of hepatocyte with focal these alleged effects have been linked to their known and Seto, 2003). Glycosides may be crucial in the transn, B- kidney degeneration, having B- congestion kidney ofscavenger the mild glomerulus congestion of theH&E glomerulus (G) H&E ×40 functions as strongmild antioxidant, free having radical duction of(G) intracellular signals×400. mediated by neurotransand metal chellators (Nakayama et al., 1993). Steroidal compounds are of importance in pharmaceuticals because of their relationship with compounds used as sex hormones (Okwu, 2001). The terpenoids have also been shown to decrease blood sugar level in animal studies (kuzuyama
mitters, hormones, and neuromodulators receptors (Neer, 1995), activated by certain biological enzymes through hydrolysis, resulting in the separation of the sugar portion. When activated, these molecules can act on different intracellular targets (glycoside-linked signal trans-