Modern Journal of Social Sciences and Humanities
Modern Journal of Social Sciences and Humanities Vol. 5 (2022) https://mjssh.academicjournal.io/index.php/mjssh
Gradual Diversification of the Agricultural System in the Regions Yakubjonov Rahmonjon is a master's student Namangan State University Annotation:This article focuses on providing the domestic market with quality products by increasing the volume of food production in Uzbekistan and increasing the country's export potential, specialization of districts in fruit and vegetable growing, merging producers into fruit and vegetable clusters and cooperatives. Keywords: food industry, agriculture, diversification, clustering, modernization. In recent years, Uzbekistan has significantly expanded its arable land in order to provide the domestic market with quality products and increase the country's export potential by increasing food production. Practical measures are also being taken to specialize the districts in fruit and vegetable growing, to unite producers into fruit and vegetable clusters and cooperatives. Therefore, at the initial stage, 55 districts of the country were specialized in fruit and vegetable growing. However, despite the work being done in this direction, the system of effective use of the potential of the regions has not been established. [1]. An analysis of the literature on the subject shows that currently 50 percent of the total crop area is accounted for by high-yielding major grain crops, which leads to a significant shift in crop production to grain-based farming, leading to a low level of diversification. Although this situation is changing, the area under so-called crops (non-food crops) has doubled since the 1960s and now accounts for half of the area under food crops. [2]. The experience of different developing countries confirms the key role of diversification in agricultural development and sustainability [3], [4], [5], [6],[7], but many researchers have a different opinion on the matter. For example, [8], and considers diversification as a strategy of farming systems based on feeding [9]. Therefore, it is important to understand the impact of diversification on production and productivity in this process, as they may or may not always be positively correlated.[10] It shows that specialization of regions is the right way to grow competitive agricultural products that can meet the requirements of world markets. How the United Nations Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) needs to change agricultural systems on a regional and global scale in order to make them more sustainable and integrated. The European Regional Conference of the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) is open to all members of the organization in Europe and Central Asia. The region of Uzbekistan, which stretches from Namangan to Karakalpakstan and from Tashkent region to Termez, the border with Afghanistan, is vast and diverse, with significantly different food systems. Even before the COVID-19 pandemic, the sustainability of agricultural food systems was at stake. This is due to an increase in obesity among the population (about 23% of the adult population in Europe and 18% in Central Asia), an increase in non-communicable diseases, as well as an increase in malnutrition and micronutrient deficiencies in some countries.
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