TEST BANK for Medical Terminology Complete 4th Edition by Bruce Wingerd

Medical Terminology Complete 4th Edition Wingerd Test Bank Medical Terminology Complete! 4e (Wingerd) Chapter 1 Introduction to Word Parts and Word Construction 1) The spelling of a word indicates the way the word sounds and facilitates correct pronunciation.

A) erratic B) eponymic C) phonetic D) acronymic Answer: C Explanation: To help you with pronunciation, the phonetic ("sounds like") form of the word is provided in parentheses in the text whenever a new term is introduced. Something that is erratic does not behave predictably. Eponyms are terms derived from names of individuals. Acronyms are words derived from the first letters of words in a compound term.

Page Ref: 2 Question Type: Spelling Objective: 2 Taxonomy: Remembering 2) In the term Wilms' tumor, the word Wilms' is an example of a: A) word root.

B) constructed term.

C) combining form.

D) nonconstructed term.

Answer: D Explanation: Nonconstructed terms, which are not formed from individual word parts, include eponyms, which are terms derived from the names of people. In this case, Wilms is an eponym.

Constructed terms are made from word parts, and word roots and combining forms are used to create constructed terms.

Page Ref: 5 Question Type: Constructed and Nonconstructed Terms Objective: 3 Taxonomy: Applying

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3) Which of the following medical terms is an example of an acronym?

A) AIDS B) Huntington's chorea C) Diabetes D) Appendicitis Answer: A Explanation: Acronyms are nonconstructed terms. They are derived from the first letters of words in a compound term. AIDS stands for acquired immune deficiency syndrome.

Huntington's chorea is an example of an eponym, while diabetes and appendicitis are examples of constructed terms.

Page Ref: 5 Question Type: Constructed and Nonconstructed Terms Objective: 3 Taxonomy: Applying 4) Many medical terms are made of multiple word parts that are combined. Such medical terms are called: A) abbreviations.

B) acronyms.

C) eponyms.

D) constructed terms.

Answer: D Explanation: Word parts–including prefixes, suffixes, and word roots–and combining forms create constructed terms. The key to learning constructed terms is to first learn the meaning of the various word parts. Eponyms are terms derived from names of individuals. Acronyms are words derived from the first letters of words in a compound term. Abbreviations are shortened forms of words or terms that are used to represent whole terms.

Page Ref: 4 Question Type: Constructed and Nonconstructed Terms Objective: 3 Taxonomy: Remembering 5) Some medical terms are derived from the names of people. Such medical terms are called: A) acronyms.

B) eponyms.

C) abbreviations.

D) constructed terms.

Answer: B Explanation: Nonconstructed terms, which are not formed from individual word parts, include eponyms, which are terms derived from the names of people. Word parts–including prefixes, suffixes, and word roots–and combining forms create constructed terms. Acronyms are words derived from the first letters of words in a compound term. Abbreviations are shortened forms of words or terms that are used to represent whole terms.

Page Ref: 5 Question Type: Constructed and Nonconstructed Terms Objective: 3 Taxonomy: Remembering 2

6) The medical term LASIK, which stands for laser-assisted in situ keratomileusis, is an example of a(n): A) prefix.

B) acronym.

C) combining form.

D) eponym.

Answer: B Explanation: Acronyms are nonconstructed terms. They are words derived from the first letters of words in a compound term. LASIK stands for laser-assisted in situ keratomileusis. Prefixes and combining forms are word parts used at the beginning of a constructed term. An eponym is a term derived from someone's name.

Page Ref: 5 Question Type: Constructed and Nonconstructed Terms Objective: 3 Taxonomy: Applying 7) Which of the following types of word parts is attached to the beginning of a word?

A) Combining vowel B) Prefix C) Suffix D) Root Answer: B Explanation: A prefix is placed at the beginning of a term and is used to expand or enhance the meaning of the word. You will know that a word part is a prefix in the text by the hyphen that immediately follows it (e.g., con-). Suffixes appear at the end of the word part and modify the word's meaning. The root provides the primary meaning of the word, and the combining vowel may be used to connect a word root to a suffix.

Page Ref: 6 Question Type: Word Parts Objective: 4 Taxonomy: Remembering 8) Which of the following two languages have the most impact on the formation and meanings of medical terms?

A) Greek and French B) Greek and Latin C) English and German D) Latin and Spanish Answer: B Explanation: The ancient Greeks are considered the fathers of modern medicine. The Romans advanced medicine with their own experiments and observations. They added Latin terms to the growing body of medical language.

Page Ref: 4 and 11 Question Type: Word Parts Objective: 4 Taxonomy: Remembering 3

9) Which of the following types of word parts is attached to the end of a word?

A) Suffix B) Root C) Combining vowel D) Prefix Answer: A Explanation: The suffix is at the end of the word to indicate the part of speech (noun, verb, adjective, adverb, etc.) or modify the word's meaning. You will know that a word part in the text is a suffix by the hyphen that immediately precedes it (e.g., -ion). The word root provides the primary meaning of the term and is the part to which other word parts are attached. The prefix is attached to the beginning of the word and enhances the meaning. The combining vowel is often used to connect a word root to a suffix.

Page Ref: 6 Question Type: Word Parts Objective: 4 Taxonomy: Remembering 10) Which of the following statements is false?

A) All medical terms must have a prefix, root, and suffix.

B) Some medical terms are made of just a prefix and a suffix.

C) Some medical terms have more than one root.

D) Some medical terms are made of just a root and a suffix Answer: A Explanation: Some medical terms are not constructed using word parts (prefix, root, suffix).

Nonconstructed terms include eponyms and acronyms. Constructed terms may be made up of different combinations of word part types.

Page Ref: 8 Question Type: Constructed and Nonconstructed Terms Objective: 4 Taxonomy: Evaluating 11) This word part is used to assist with pronunciation when combining a root with a suffix or another root.

A) Combining vowel B) Prefix C) Suffix D) Root Answer: A Explanation: A combining vowel is used when a word root is connecting to a suffix that begins with a consonant, or when it is connecting to another word root. The root provides the primary meaning of the word and the suffix is at the end of the word and modifies its meaning. The prefix appears at the beginning of the word and enhances meaning.

Page Ref: 8 Question Type: Word Parts Objective: 5 Taxonomy: Remembering 4

12) In most cases, the combining vowel is the letter: A) o.

B) a.

C) e.

D) i.

Answer: A Explanation: In most cases, the combining vowel is the letter o. In some cases, it is the letter i or e.

Page Ref: 8 Question Type: Word Parts Objective: 5 Taxonomy: Remembering 13) A combining form is made up of: A) a suffix and a combining vowel.

B) a prefix and a root.

C) a root and a combining vowel.

D) a prefix and a suffix.

Answer: C Explanation: The word root plus its combining vowel creates the combining form used in term construction. The method for writing a combining form involves the use of a slash between the word root and the combining vowel, such as cardi/o.

Page Ref: 10 Question Type: Word Parts Objective: 5 Taxonomy: Remembering 14) Identify the combining vowel in the term hepatology.

A) hepat/o B) hepat C) o D) -logy Answer: C Explanation: The letter o is utilized as the combining vowel to connect the root hepat to the suffix -logy. The combining form (root plus vowel) is hepat/o.

Page Ref: 10 Question Type: Word Parts Objective: 5 Taxonomy: Applying

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15) Cardi is an example of what type of word part?

A) Word root B) Suffix C) Prefix D) Combining form Answer: A Explanation: The word root provides the primary meaning of the term. In this example, it is the root that means heart.

Page Ref: 9 Question Type: Word Parts Objective: 4 Taxonomy: Applying 16) You are building a medical term using the root hepat. Which of the following suffixes would require to the use of a combining vowel?

A) -ectomy B) -ic C) -logy D) -itis Answer: C Explanation: The letter o is utilized as the combining vowel to connect the root hepat to the suffix -logy starting with the consonant l. All the other suffixes start with a vowel and do not require the addition of another vowel for pronunciation.

Page Ref: 13 Question Type: Forming Words from Word Parts Objective: 5 Taxonomy: Applying 17) You are building a medical term using the root neur. Which of the following suffixes would require the use of a combining vowel?

A) -itis B) -emia C) -al D) -tic Answer: D Explanation: The letter o is utilized as the combining vowel to connect the root neur to the suffix -tic starting with the consonant t to allow pronunciation. All of the other suffixes begin with a vowel.

Page Ref: 13 Question Type: Forming Words from Word Parts Objective: 5 Taxonomy: Applying

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18) What is the definition of the medical term neonatal?

A) New birth B) Condition of a new nose C) Pertaining to a newborn D) Pertaining to a narrow nose Answer: C Explanation: The prefix neo- means "new." The root nat means "birth." The suffix -al means "pertaining to."

Page Ref: 15 Question Type: Forming Words from Word Parts Objective: 6 Taxonomy: Evaluating 19) Which of the following prefixes means to come before?

A) PreB) AntiC) EpiD) PostAnswer: A Explanation: Pre- means "to come before." Anti- means "against, opposite of." Epi- means "upon, over, above, on top." Post- means "to follow after."

Page Ref: 15 Question Type: Forming Words from Word Parts Objective: 4 Taxonomy: Remembering 20) "Study of the skin" is the definition of which of the following medical terms?

A) Dermatology B) Neurology C) Hepatopathy D) Biology Answer: A Explanation: The combining form dermat/o means "skin." The suffix -logy means "study of."

The combining form is utilized in this case because the suffix begins with a consonant.

Page Ref: 15 Question Type: Forming Words from Word Parts Objective: 6 Taxonomy: Evaluating

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21) Which of the following medical terms means "pertaining to the brain"?

A) Hepatic B) Psychic C) Cerebral D) Pancreatic Answer: C Explanation: The root cerebr means "cerebrum," which is the largest part of the brain. The suffix -al means "pertaining to." No combining vowel is needed, as the root ends with a consonant and the suffix starts with a vowel.

Page Ref: 15 Question Type: Forming Words from Word Parts Objective: 6 Taxonomy: Evaluating 22) Which of the following medical terms has two word roots?

A) Electrocardiogram B) Hysterectomy C) Microhepatic D) Cardiopathy Answer: A Explanation: The constructed medical term uses combining vowels to unite two word roots, electr and cardi, with the suffix -gram.

Page Ref: 15 Question Type: Forming Words from Word Parts Objective: 5 Taxonomy: Applying 23) What is the definition of the medical term psychology?

A) Study of the mind B) A brain specialty C) Inflammation of the brain D) Disease of the mind Answer: A Explanation: The combining form psych/o means "mind." The suffix -logy means "study of."

Note the o is part of the combining form as the suffix being added, -logy, starts with a consonant.

Page Ref: 15 Question Type: Forming Words from Word Parts Objective: 6 Taxonomy: Applying

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24) What is the definition of the suffix -scope?

A) An instrument used for viewing B) Study of instruments C) Use of an instrument for viewing D) Pertaining to instruments Answer: A Explanation: The suffix -scope refers to an instrument for viewing. Note the subtle difference: scopy means "use of an instrument for viewing" and -scope is the suffix denoting the actual instrument. For example, a physician performing an arthroscopy (viewing inside a joint) will utilize an arthroscope to perform the procedure.

Page Ref: 15 Question Type: Forming Words from Word Parts Objective: 4 Taxonomy: Remembering 25) Which of the following medical terms is spelled correctly?

A) Osteoitis B) Hepatology C) Cardiapathy D) Artarioscope Answer: B Explanation: The combining vowel o is utilized to connect the suffix -logy because it starts with a consonant. The other terms add combining vowels that are not necessary and make the terms difficult to pronounce.

Page Ref: 8 and 15 Question Type: Word Parts Objective: 5 Taxonomy: Applying 26) Which types of word parts make up the medical term proctoscopy?

A) Prefix, word root, combining vowel, suffix B) Word root, combining vowel, suffix C) Prefix, combining vowel, word root D) Prefix, word root, suffix Answer: B Explanation: Proct is the root requiring the combining vowel o to connect to the suffix -scopy, which starts with a consonant.

Page Ref: 15 Question Type: Forming Words from Word Parts Objective: 4 Taxonomy: Applying

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27) Which of the following combining forms means "nose"?

A) Nat/o B) Rhin/o C) Narc/o D) Vas/o Answer: B Explanation: Rhin/o means "nose." Nat/o means "birth." Narc/o means "numbness." Vas/o means "vessel."

Page Ref: 15 Question Type: Word Parts Objective: 4 Taxonomy: Remembering 28) Which of the following suffixes means "surgical repair"?

A) -scopy B) -logy C) -lepsy D) -plasty Answer: D Explanation: The suffix -plasty means "surgical repair." The suffix -scopy means "the process of viewing." The suffix -logy means "the study of." The suffix -lepsy means "seizure."

Page Ref: 15 Question Type: Word Parts Objective: 4 Taxonomy: Remembering 29) What is the meaning of the prefix anti-?

A) Under B) Away from C) Excess D) Against Answer: D Explanation: The prefix anti- means against or opposite of.

Page Ref: 15 Question Type: Word Parts Objective: 4 Taxonomy: Remembering

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30) Identify the suffix in the term cardiology.

A) cardi/o B) cardi C) o D) -logy Answer: D Explanation: The suffix is located at the end of the word to indicate the part of speech and modify the meaning. In this case, the suffix is -logy, which means "the study or science of."

Page Ref: 13 and 15 Question Type: Word Parts Objective: 4 Taxonomy: Applying 31) Identify the combining form in the term dermatology.

A) -logy B) dermat C) o D) dermat/o Answer: D Explanation: The combining form is the root dermat plus the combining vowel o, or dermat/o.

Page Ref: 10 and 15 Question Type: Word Parts Objective: 5 Taxonomy: Applying 32) Identify the combining form in the term laryngoscopy.

A) o B) laryng/o C) -scopy D) laryng Answer: B Explanation: The combining form is the root laryng with the combining vowel o, or laryng/o.

Page Ref: 15 Question Type: Word Parts Objective: 5 Taxonomy: Applying

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33) Identify the suffix in the term hepatitis.

A) o B) -itis C) hepat/o D) hepat Answer: B Explanation: The suffix is at the end of the term to indicate the part of speech and modify the meaning. In this case, the suffix is -itis, which means "inflammation."

Page Ref: 15 Question Type: Word Parts Objective: 4 Taxonomy: Applying 34) Identify the prefix in the term antibiotic.

A) bi B) antiC) bi/o D) -tic Answer: B Explanation: The prefix is at the start of the term to expand or enhance the meaning. In this case, the prefix is anti-, which means "against, opposite of."

Page Ref: 15 Question Type: Word Parts Objective: 4 Taxonomy: Applying 35) Identify the combining form in the term antibiotic.

A) antiB) bi C) bi/o D) -tic Answer: C Explanation: The root bi along with the vowel o is the combining form, or bi/o. In this case, the suffix -tic begins with a consonant, so the combining form is necessary to ease pronunciation of the term.

Page Ref: 15 Question Type: Word Parts Objective: 5 Taxonomy: Applying

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36) Identify the suffix in the term antibiotic.

A) bi/o B) antiC) bi D) -tic Answer: D Explanation: The suffix is at the end of the term to indicate the part of speech or clarify the meaning. In this case, the suffix is -tic, which means "pertaining to."

Page Ref: 15 Question Type: Word Parts Objective: 4 Taxonomy: Applying 37) Identify the suffix in the term mastectomy.

A) mast/o B) -ectomy C) o D) mast Answer: B Explanation: The suffix is at the end of the term to identify the part of speech or clarify the meaning. In this case, the suffix is -ectomy, which means "surgical excision/removal." Do not confuse -ectomy with -tomy, which means "incision/cut."

Page Ref: 15 Question Type: Word Parts Objective: 4 Taxonomy: Applying 38) Identify the combining form in the term mammogram.

A) mamm B) mamm/o C) -gram D) o Answer: B Explanation: The combining form is utilized as the vowel o is required to connect the root mamm to form mamm/o. The combining form is necessary in this case to connect the root to the suffix -gram, which starts with a consonant.

Page Ref: 15 Question Type: Word Parts Objective: 5 Taxonomy: Applying

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39) Identify the combining form in the term psychology.

A) psych/o B) -logy C) psych D) o Answer: A Explanation: The combining form is the root psych with the vowel o added, or psych/o. This is required to connect the suffix -logy, which begins with a consonant.

Page Ref: 15 Question Type: Word Parts Objective: 5 Taxonomy: Applying 40) Choose the combining form that means "heart."

A) Cardi/o B) Hem/o C) Psych/o D) Dermat/o Answer: A Explanation: The combining form cardi/o refers to the heart. Hem/o refers to the blood. Psych/o refers to the mind. Dermat/o refers to the skin.

Page Ref: 15 Question Type: Word Parts Objective: 5 Taxonomy: Remembering 41) Choose the combining form that means "white."

A) Electr/o B) Rhin/o C) Path/o D) Leuk/o Answer: D Explanation: Specific word parts identifying colors are utilized to create terms. Leuk/o means white as in leukoderma, a condition where the skin becomes lighter or whiter. Electr/o means electricity. Rhin/o means nose. Path/o means disease.

Page Ref: 15 Question Type: Word Parts Objective: 5 Taxonomy: Remembering

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42) Choose the suffix that means "surgical excision (removal)."

A) -ectomy B) -emia C) -logy D) -scopy Answer: A Explanation: The suffix -ectomy means "surgical excision." Do not confuse -ectomy with -tomy, "incision/cut." The suffix -emia means "condition of blood." The suffix -logy means "study or science of." The suffix -scopy means "the process of viewing."

Page Ref: 15 Question Type: Word Parts Objective: 4 Taxonomy: Remembering 43) Choose the suffix that means "study of."

A) -plasty B) -logy C) -ectomy D) -scopy Answer: B Explanation: The suffix -logy means "study or science of." Note that this suffix meaning "the study of" starts with the consonant l. When constructing terms utilizing -logy, you will often need to add the combining vowel o, as in neurology. The suffix -plasty means "surgical repair."

The suffix -ectomy means "surgical excision." The suffix -scopy means "the process of viewing."

Page Ref: 15 Question Type: Word Parts Objective: 4 Taxonomy: Remembering 44) Choose the suffix that means "surgical repair."

A) -plasty B) -gram C) -logy D) -scopy Answer: A Explanation: The suffix -plasty means "surgical repair." The suffix -gram means "a record or image." The suffix -logy means "study or science of." The suffix -scopy means "the process of viewing."

Page Ref: 15 Question Type: Word Parts Objective: 4 Taxonomy: Remembering

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45) Choose the prefix that means "slow."

A) AntiB) MicroC) BradyD) HyperAnswer: C Explanation: The prefix brady- means "slow." The prefix anti- means "against." The prefix micro- means "small." The prefix hyper means "excessive."

Page Ref: 15 Question Type: Word Parts Objective: 4 Taxonomy: Remembering 46) Choose the prefix that means "small."

A) AntiB) MicroC) EpiD) NeoAnswer: B Explanation: Micro- means "small." Anti- means "against." Epi- means "above." Neo- means "new."

Page Ref: 11 Question Type: Word Parts Objective: 4 Taxonomy: Remembering 47) Choose the prefix that means "against."

A) MicroB) HyperC) BradyD) AntiAnswer: D Explanation: Anti- means "against." Micro- means "small." Hyper- means "excessive, abnormally high, above." Brady- means "slow."

Page Ref: 15 Question Type: Word Parts Objective: 4 Taxonomy: Remembering

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48) Choose the suffix that means pertaining to.

A) -ic B) -ia C) -itis D) -iatry Answer: D Explanation: The suffix -ic is one of several that means "pertaining to." The suffix -ia means "condition of." The suffix -itis means "inflammation." The suffix -iatry means "treatment, specialty."

Page Ref: 15 Question Type: Word Parts Objective: 4 Taxonomy: Remembering 49) This type of word part comes before a word root.

A) Combining vowel B) Suffix C) Prefix D) Combining form Answer: C Explanation: The prefix is at the beginning of the word to expand or enhance the meaning of the word. The suffix appears at the end of the word. The combining vowel comes at the end of the root. The combining form includes the root.

Page Ref: 6 Question Type: Word Parts Objective: 4 Taxonomy: Remembering 50) Which of the following cannot come after a word root?

A) Prefix B) Suffix C) Another root D) Combining vowel Answer: A Explanation: The prefix is at the beginning of the word to expand or enhance the meaning of the word. A suffix, another root, or a combining vowel can all come after a root.

Page Ref: 6 Question Type: Word Parts Objective: 4 Taxonomy: Remembering 51) A(n) is a medical term derived from the name of a person.

Answer: eponym Page Ref: 5 Question Type: Constructed and Nonconstructed Terms Objective: 3 Taxonomy: Remembering 17

52) A(n) is a word part attached to the beginning of a word.

Answer: prefix Page Ref: 6 Question Type: Word Parts Objective: 4 Taxonomy: Remembering 53) A(n) is a word part attached to the end of a word.

Answer: suffix Page Ref: 6 Question Type: Word Parts Objective: 4 Taxonomy: Remembering 54) A word is a word part that provides the primary meaning of a word.

Answer: root Page Ref: 6 Question Type: Word Parts Objective: 4 Taxonomy: Remembering 55) A(n) is added to a root to assist with pronunciation when combining with other word parts. (two words) Answer: combining vowel Page Ref: 8 Question Type: Word Parts Objective: 5 Taxonomy: Remembering 56) A combining form is made of a(n) Answer: root Page Ref: 9 Question Type: Word Parts Objective: 5 Taxonomy: Remembering

and a combining vowel.

57) The most common combining vowel is the letter Answer: o Page Ref: 8 Question Type: Word Parts Objective: 5 Taxonomy: Remembering

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58) In the constructed term mast/o/plasty, the combining vowel is Answer: o Page Ref: 10 Question Type: Word Parts Objective: 5 Taxonomy: Applying 59) In the constructed term brady/cardi/a, the prefix is Answer: brady-, brady Page Ref: 15 Question Type: Word Parts Objective: 4 Taxonomy: Applying

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60) What does the prefix micro- mean?

Answer: small Page Ref: 11 Question Type: Word Parts Objective: 4 Taxonomy: Remembering 61) In the medical term laryngectomy, what is the word root?

Answer: laryng Page Ref: 15 Question Type: Word Parts Objective: 6 Taxonomy: Applying 62) The medical term hepatic means "pertaining to disease of the Answer: liver Page Ref: 15 Question Type: Word Parts Objective: 6 Taxonomy: Applying 63) The medical term hepatitis means "inflammation of the Answer: liver Page Ref: 15 Question Type: Word Parts Objective: 6 Taxonomy: Applying

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64) The medical term that means "treatment of the mind" is Answer: psychiatry Page Ref: 15 Question Type: Word Parts Objective: 6 Taxonomy: Remembering 65) The definition of pathology is "the study of Answer: disease Page Ref: 15 Question Type: Word Parts Objective: 6 Taxonomy: Remembering

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66) The meaning of gastritis is "inflammation of the Answer: stomach Page Ref: 15 Question Type: Word Parts Objective: 6 Taxonomy: Applying

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67) The definition of encephalogram is "a recording of the Answer: brain Page Ref: 15 Question Type: Word Parts Objective: 6 Taxonomy: Applying 68) In the constructed term leuk/emia, the suffix is Answer: -emia, emia Page Ref: 15 Question Type: Word Parts Objective: 4 Taxonomy: Applying

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69) In the constructed term rhin/o/plasty, the combining form is Answer: rhin/o, rhino Page Ref: 15 Question Type: Word Parts Objective: 5 Taxonomy: Applying

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70) In the constructed term electr/o/cardi/o/gram, the first combining form is Answer: electr/o, electro Page Ref: 15 Question Type: Word Parts Objective: 5 Taxonomy: Applying 71) In the constructed term electr/o/cardi/o/gram, the suffix is Answer: -gram, gram Page Ref: 15 Question Type: Word Parts Objective: 4 Taxonomy: Applying

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72) In the constructed term endo/cardi/al, the prefix is Answer: endo-, endo Page Ref: 15 Question Type: Word Parts Objective: 4 Taxonomy: Applying

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73) In the constructed term endo/cardi/al, the suffix is Answer: -al, al Page Ref: 15 Question Type: Word Parts Objective: 4 Taxonomy: Applying

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74) In the constructed term mast/o/plasty, the suffix is Answer: -plasty, plasty Page Ref: 15 Question Type: Word Parts Objective: 4 Taxonomy: Applying

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75) In the constructed term laryng/itis, the suffix is Answer: -itis, itis Page Ref: 15 Question Type: Word Parts Objective: 4 Taxonomy: Applying

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76) In the constructed term hyster/ectomy, the suffix is Answer: -ectomy, ectomy Page Ref: 15 Question Type: Word Parts Objective: 4 Taxonomy: Applying 77) In the constructed term micro/scope, the suffix is Answer: -scope, scope Page Ref: 15 Question Type: Word Parts Objective: 4 Taxonomy: Applying

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78) In the constructed term hem/o/philia, the combining form is Answer: hem/o, hemo Page Ref: 15 Question Type: Word Parts Objective: 5 Taxonomy: Applying

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79) In the constructed term hem/o/philia, the combining vowel is Answer: o Page Ref: 10 Question Type: Word Parts Objective: 5 Taxonomy: Applying 80) In the constructed term psych/o/logy, the word root is Answer: psych Page Ref: 15 Question Type: Word Parts Objective: 4 Taxonomy: Applying 81) In the constructed term psych/o/logy, the suffix is Answer: -logy, logy Page Ref: 15 Question Type: Word Parts Objective: 4 Taxonomy: Applying

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82) In the constructed term ment/al, the suffix is Answer: -al, al Page Ref: 15 Question Type: Word Parts Objective: 4 Taxonomy: Applying

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83) In the constructed term tonsill/ectomy, the word root is Answer: tonsill Page Ref: 15 Question Type: Word Parts Objective: 4 Taxonomy: Applying

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84) In the constructed term tonsill/ectomy, the suffix is Answer: -ectomy, ectomy Page Ref: 15 Question Type: Word Parts Objective: 4 Taxonomy: Applying 85) In the constructed term neur/o/logy, the suffix is Answer: -logy, logy Page Ref: 15 Question Type: Word Parts Objective: 4 Taxonomy: Applying

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86) In the constructed term path/o/logy, the combining form is Answer: path/o, patho Page Ref: 15 Question Type: Word Parts Objective: 5 Taxonomy: Applying 87) In the constructed term psych/iatry, the suffix is Answer: -iatry, iatry Page Ref: 15 Question Type: Word Parts Objective: 4 Taxonomy: Applying

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88) Two languages that had an important impact on medical terminology are Latin.

Answer: Greek Page Ref: 11 Question Type: Word Parts Objective: 4 Taxonomy: Remembering Define the following combining forms, roots, prefixes, and suffixes.

89) The combining form cardi/o means " Answer: heart Page Ref: 15 Question Type: Word Parts Objective: 4 Taxonomy: Remembering

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90) The combining form dermat/o means " Answer: skin Page Ref: 15 Question Type: Word Parts Objective: 4 Taxonomy: Remembering

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91) The combining form hepat/o means " Answer: liver Page Ref: 15 Question Type: Word Parts Objective: 4 Taxonomy: Remembering

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92) The suffix meaning "surgical excision or removal" is Answer: -ectomy, ectomy Page Ref: 15 Question Type: Word Parts Objective: 4 Taxonomy: Remembering 93) The prefix meaning "against or opposite of" is Answer: anti-, anti Page Ref: 15 Question Type: Word Parts Objective: 4 Taxonomy: Remembering

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94) The combining form psych/o means " Answer: mind Page Ref: 15 Question Type: Word Parts Objective: 4 Taxonomy: Remembering

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95) The combining form rhin/o means " Answer: nose Page Ref: 15 Question Type: Word Parts Objective: 4 Taxonomy: Remembering

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96) The suffix -plasty means "surgical Answer: repair Page Ref: 15 Question Type: Word Parts Objective: 4 Taxonomy: Remembering

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97) In the medical term cardiologist, the first o sound is pronounced as "ahl."

Answer: TRUE Page Ref: 3 Question Type: Pronunciation Objective: 2 Taxonomy: Applying 98) An acronym is a two- or three-letter abbreviation for a word.

Answer: FALSE Explanation: Acronyms are words derived from the first letters of the words in a compound term and may contain more than two or three letters. as the term LASIK (for laser-assisted in situ keratomileusis) is an example.

Page Ref: 5 Question Type: Constructed and Nonconstructed Terms Objective: 3 Taxonomy: Remembering 99) A prefix is the word part attached to the end of a medical term.

Answer: FALSE Explanation: The prefix is attached to the beginning of a term to expand or enhance its meaning.

Page Ref: 6 Question Type: Word Parts Objective: 4 Taxonomy: Remembering

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100) When a medical term is constructed from word parts, its definition usually starts with the definition of the suffix.

Answer: TRUE Page Ref: 7 Question Type: Word Parts Objective: 4 Taxonomy: Applying 101) A medical term must have four parts: a prefix, a word root, a combining vowel, and a suffix.

Answer: FALSE Explanation: Some terms are nonconstructed such as eponyms or acronyms, and others can utilize two word roots or sometimes none.

Page Ref: 8 Question Type: Word Parts Objective: 3 Taxonomy: Remembering 102) The combining vowel is used between a prefix and a word root to ease pronunciation.

Answer: FALSE Explanation: The combining vowel is used to connect a word root to a suffix that begins with a consonant.

Page Ref: 8 and 13 Question Type: Word Parts Objective: 5 Taxonomy: Applying 103) The suffix -ist means "inflammation."

Answer: FALSE Explanation: The suffix -ist means "one who specializes." The suffix -itis means "inflammation."

Page Ref: 15 Question Type: Word Parts Objective: 4 Taxonomy: Remembering 104) The meaning of rhinoplasty is "surgical repair of the nose."

Answer: TRUE Page Ref: 15 Question Type: Word Parts Objective: 6 Taxonomy: Applying

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105) The definition of cardiology is "the study of the heart."

Answer: TRUE Page Ref: 13 Question Type: Word Parts Objective: 6 Taxonomy: Applying 106) Medical terminology is a language that is built on mostly Greek and Latin word parts.

Answer: TRUE Page Ref: 11 Question Type: Word Parts Objective: 4 Taxonomy: Remembering 107) Because medical terminology is the universal language of medicine, its terms must be understood by speakers of many languages in many parts of the world, especially in our age of globalization.

Answer: TRUE Page Ref: 4 Question Type: Programmed Learning Approach Objective: 2 Taxonomy: Remembering 108) Medical terms are created from building blocks called word parts, and include word roots, prefixes, suffixes, and combining forms.

Answer: TRUE Page Ref: 7 Question Type: Programmed Learning Approach Objective: 2 Taxonomy: Remembering 109) gastr is a word root that means "stomach."

Answer: TRUE Page Ref: 15 Question Type: Word Parts Objective: 4 Taxonomy: Remembering 110) a- is a prefix that means " presence of."

Answer: FALSE Explanation: a- is a prefix that means "without or absence of."

Page Ref: 8 Question Type: Word Parts Objective: 4 Taxonomy: Remembering

27

111) In the term cardiology, the combining form is cardi/a and the suffix is -logy.

Answer: FALSE Explanation: The combining form is cardi/o; in most cases, the combining vowel is the letter o.

Page Ref: 13 Question Type: Word Parts Objective: 4 Taxonomy: Applying

28

Match the combining form with the correct definition.

A) stone B) heart C) electricity D) skin E) tonsil F) vessel G) muscle H) life I) disease J) stomach 112) bi/o 113) cardi/o 114) dermat/o 115) electr/o 116) gastr/o 117) lith/o 118) muscul/o 119) path/o 120) tonsill/o 121) vas/o Answers: 112) H 113) B 114) D 115) C 116) J 117) A 118) G 119) I 120) E 121) F

29

Medical Terminology Complete! 4e (Wingerd) Chapter 2 Understanding Suffixes 1) In the term arthritis, the suffix -itis means: A) pertaining to.

B) removal.

C) repair.

D) inflammation.

Answer: D Explanation: The suffix -itis means "inflammation." The suffix meaning "surgical removal" is ectomy, and "surgical repair" is -plasty. Several suffixes mean "pertaining to," including -al and ic.

Page Ref: 20 Question Type: Suffixes Introduction Objective: 1 Taxonomy: Remembering 2) Select the suffix that means "science or study of."

A) -lysis B) -logy C) -logist D) -algia Answer: B Explanation: The suffix for "the science or study of" is -logy and the suffix for "one who studies" is -logist. The suffix -lysis means "loosen." The suffix -algia means "condition of pain."

Page Ref: 21 Question Type: Suffixes Introduction Objective: 1 Taxonomy: Remembering 3) Select the suffix that means "disease."

A) -plasty B) -penia C) -pathy D) -scopy Answer: C Explanation: The suffix -pathy means "disease." The meanings of the other suffixes in this question are: -penia, "deficiency or abnormal reduction in number"; -plasty, "surgical repair"; and -scopy, "process of viewing."

Page Ref: 21 Question Type: Suffixes Introduction Objective: 1 Taxonomy: Remembering

1

4) The suffix -scope in the term telescope means: A) far away.

B) feel inside.

C) instrument for viewing.

D) communicate.

Answer: C Explanation: The suffix -scope means "instrument for viewing" and is utilized to create the terms for instruments such as the arthroscope. When this tool is utilized to perform a procedure of looking inside the joint during surgery, the physician has performed an arthroscopy, with scopy, indicating that viewing was performed.

Page Ref: 21 Question Type: Suffixes Introduction Objective: 1 Taxonomy: Remembering 5) The suffix -logy means: A) specialty.

B) study of.

C) department.

D) specialist.

Answer: B Explanation: The suffix -logy means "study of."

Page Ref: 21 Question Type: Suffixes Introduction Objective: 1 Taxonomy: Remembering 6) The suffixes -ic and -al both mean: A) disease of.

B) condition of.

C) pertaining to.

D) measure of.

Answer: C Explanation: Several suffixes mean "pertaining to," including -ic, -al, -ar, -ary, and -ous. The suffixes meaning "condition of" are -ia, -osis, or -ism.

Page Ref: 21 Question Type: Suffixes Indicating a Location, Number, or Quality Objective: 1 Taxonomy: Remembering

2

7) Select the suffix that means "the process of viewing with an instrument."

A) -scopy B) -graph C) -gram D) -scope Answer: A Explanation: The suffix -scopy indicates that viewing was performed with an instrument. The suffix -scope is utilized to create the term for the instrument such as an arthroscope. When this tool is utilized to perform a procedure of looking inside the joint during surgery, the physician has performed an arthroscopy. The suffix -graph means "an instrument for recording" and the suffix -gram means "a record or image."

Page Ref: 21 Question Type: Suffixes Introduction Objective: 1 Taxonomy: Remembering 8) What is the suffix for vomiting?

A) -emesis B) -vomina C) -emia D) -vomesis Answer: A Explanation: The suffix that means "vomiting" is -emesis. The suffix -emia means "condition of blood." Neither -vomina nor -vomesis are real suffixes.

Page Ref: 23 Question Type: Suffixes Indicating an Action or State Objective: 1 Taxonomy: Remembering 9) In the term hemophilia, the suffix -philia means: A) to bleed.

B) blood.

C) hemorrhage.

D) love for.

Answer: D Explanation: Both -phil and -philia mean "loving or affinity for." -emia is the suffix for conditions pertaining to blood.

Page Ref: 23 Question Type: Suffixes Indicating an Action or State Objective: 1 Taxonomy: Remembering

3

10) Select the suffix that means "affinity for."

A) -phil B) -plegia C) -penia D) -phobia Answer: A Explanation: Both -phil and -philia mean "loving or affinity for." The other suffixes mean: phobia, "fear"; -plegia, "paralysis"; and -penia, "deficiency or abnormal reduction in number."

Page Ref: 23 Question Type: Suffixes Indicating an Action or State Objective: 1 Taxonomy: Remembering 11) Select the suffix that means "hernia."

A) -plegia B) -cele C) -emia D) -clasis Answer: B Explanation: The other suffixes mean: -plegia, "paralysis," -emia, "condition of blood" and clasis, "break apart."

Page Ref: 26 Question Type: Suffixes Indicating an Action or State Objective: 1 Taxonomy: Remembering 12) Select the suffix that means "swallowing."

A) -plegia B) -phagia C) -phobia D) -philia Answer: B Explanation: The suffix -phagia means "swallowing." The term -plegia refers to paralysis, phobia to fear, and -philia to love.

Page Ref: 24 Question Type: Suffixes Indicating an Action or State Objective: 1 Taxonomy: Remembering

4

13) Which of the following suffixes does not mean "pertaining to"?

A) -ic B) -al C) -oma D) -ous Answer: C Explanation: The suffix -oma means "tumor." Several suffixes mean "pertaining to," including ac, -al, -ar, -ary, -ic, and -ous.

Page Ref: 21 Question Type: Suffixes Indicating a Location, Number, or Quality Objective: 1 Taxonomy: Remembering 14) Select the suffix that means "tumor."

A) -oxia B) -ous C) -osis D) -oma Answer: D Explanation: The suffix -oma means "tumor." The other suffixes mean: -oxia, "condition of oxygen"; -ous, "pertaining to"; and -osis, "condition of."

Page Ref: 24 Question Type: Suffixes Indicating a Condition or Disease Objective: 1 Taxonomy: Remembering 15) Select the suffix that means "paralysis."

A) -asthenia B) -pathy C) -plegia D) -phagia Answer: C Explanation: The term -plegia refers to paralysis. Be sure to distinguish the meanings of the suffixes -plegia and -asthenia, which means "weakness." The suffix -pathy refers to disease and phagia to swallowing.

Page Ref: 24 Question Type: Suffixes Indicating an Action or State Objective: 1 Taxonomy: Remembering

5

16) After running five miles, the runner suffered from arthralgia. What is the meaning of the suffix -algia?

A) Torn B) Pain C) Diseased D) Damaged Answer: B Explanation: Two suffixes mean "pain": -algia and -dynia.

Page Ref: 25 Question Type: Suffixes Indicating a Condition or Disease Objective: 1 Taxonomy: Remembering 17) Select the suffix that means pain.

A) -algia B) -al C) -atresia D) -asthenia Answer: A Explanation: Two suffixes mean "pain": -algia and -dynia. The other suffixes mean: -al, "pertaining to"; -asthenia, "weakness"; and -atresia, "absence of normal body opening."

Page Ref: 25 Question Type: Suffixes Indicating a Condition or Disease Objective: 1 Taxonomy: Remembering 18) The suffix -ia at the end of a medical term means: A) condition.

B) disease.

C) inflammation.

D) growth.

Answer: A Explanation: Several suffixes mean "condition of," including -ia, -osis, and -ism. The suffix for inflammation is -itis, and disease is -pathy.

Page Ref: 26 Question Type: Suffixes Indicating a Condition or Disease Objective: 1 Taxonomy: Remembering

6

19) If cyst is the word root for bladder, what is cystitis?

A) Inflammation of the bladder B) Removal of the bladder C) Cancer of the bladder D) Disease of the bladder Answer: A Explanation: The suffix -itis means "inflammation." A term referring to disease would have the suffix -pathy; cancer, -oma; and removal, -ectomy.

Page Ref: 27 Question Type: Suffixes Indicating a Condition or Disease Objective: 2 Taxonomy: Applying 20) In the term alcoholism, what does the suffix -ism mean?

A) Condition B) Drinking C) Falling D) Formation Answer: A Explanation: Several suffixes mean "condition of," including -ia, -osis, and -ism.

Page Ref: 26 Question Type: Suffixes Indicating a Condition or Disease Objective: 1 Taxonomy: Remembering 21) Select the suffix that means "condition of."

A) -opia B) -oma C) -osis D) -oxia Answer: C Explanation: Several suffixes mean "condition of," including -ia, -osis, and -ism. The other suffixes mean: -opia, "condition of vision"; -oxia, "condition of oxygen"; and -oma, "tumor."

Page Ref: 26 Question Type: Suffixes Indicating a Condition or Disease Objective: 1 Taxonomy: Remembering

7

22) Select the suffix that means hernia, swelling, or protrusion.

A) -centesis B) -cele C) -clasis D) -crit Answer: B Explanation: The suffix -cele means "hernia, swelling, or protrusion." The suffix -centesis refers to "a surgical puncture"; -crit, "to separate"; and -clasis, "break apart."

Page Ref: 26 Question Type: Suffixes Indicating a Condition or Disease Objective: 1 Taxonomy: Remembering 23) A nephroma is a(n) of the kidney.

A) tumor B) infection C) disease D) cyst Answer: A Explanation: A nephroma is a tumor of the kidney. Note that because the suffix -oma begins with a vowel, it is added directly to the root nephr, referring to the kidney. A combining form is not needed.

Page Ref: 27 Question Type: Suffixes Indicating a Condition or Disease Objective: 2 Taxonomy: Applying 24) Select the suffix that means "deficiency or abnormal reduction in number."

A) -penia B) -pnea C) -phagia D) -pepsia Answer: A Explanation: The suffix -penia means "deficiency or abnormal reduction in number." Look closely at the spelling of -pENIa, "deficiency," and -pNEa, "breath." Also, -phagia means "swallowing" and -pepsia refers to digestion.

Page Ref: 27 Question Type: Suffixes Indicating a Condition or Disease Objective: 1 Taxonomy: Remembering

8

25) Select the suffix that means "hardening."

A) -stomy B) -sclerosis C) -stasis D) -stenosis Answer: B Explanation: The suffix -sclerosis means "hardening." The other suffixes mean: -stasis, "standing still"; -stenosis, "narrowing"; and -stomy, "surgical creation of an opening."

Page Ref: 27 Question Type: Suffixes Indicating a Condition or Disease Objective: 1 Taxonomy: Remembering 26) Select the suffix that means "fear."

A) -phobia B) -phonia C) -phagia D) -plegia Answer: A Explanation: The suffix -phobia means "fear." Look closely at the spelling of -pHoBia, "fear," and -pHoNia, "condition of sound or voice." The suffix -phagia refers to "swallowing" and plegia means "paralysis."

Page Ref: 27 Question Type: Suffixes Indicating a Condition or Disease Objective: 1 Taxonomy: Remembering 27) Select the suffix that means "discharge."

A) -rrhea B) -rrhaphy C) -rrhexis D) -rrhagia Answer: A Explanation: These are all often confused terms. Look at the spellings and meanings carefully: rrhea, "discharge"; -rrhaphy, "suturing"; -rrhexis, "rupture"; and -rrhagia, "abnormal discharge."

Page Ref: 27 Question Type: Suffixes Indicating a Condition or Disease Objective: 1 Taxonomy: Remembering

9

28) Select the suffix with the correct spelling.

A) -rea B) -reah C) -rrhea D) -rreah Answer: C Explanation: The suffix is correctly spelled -rrhea. Several terms utilize the double r followed by an h: -rrhea, "discharge"; -rrhaphy, "suturing"; -rrhexis, "rupture"; and -rrhagia, "abnormal discharge."

Page Ref: 27 Question Type: Suffixes Indicating a Condition or Disease Objective: 2 Taxonomy: Applying 29) Select the suffix that means "hardening."

A) -stenosis B) -spasm C) -stomy D) -sclerosis Answer: D Explanation: Often confused is -stenosis, "narrowing," with -sclerosis, "hardening." With arteriosclerosis, the hardening of the inside of the blood vessel wall due to plaque does lead to stenosis, or a narrowing of the passageway inside the vessel for blood to flow. The suffix -stomy means "surgical creation of an opening" and -spasm indicates a sudden, involuntary muscle spasm.

Page Ref: 27 Question Type: Suffixes Indicating a Condition or Disease Objective: 1 Taxonomy: Remembering 30) What does the suffix -logist mean in the term sociologist?

A) Field of study B) Treatment C) One who studies D) One who practices Answer: C Explanation: A sociologist is a professional who studies the field of sociology, and is indicated by the indicated by the suffix -logist. A suffix for a field of study is -logy and one who practices is -ician. The suffix -iatry means "treatment."

Page Ref: 31 Question Type: Suffixes Indicating a Medical Specialty Objective: 1 Taxonomy: Remembering

10

31) If a patient is scheduled for a nephrectomy, what procedure will be done?

A) Visual exam of a kidney B) Removal of a kidney C) Repair of a kidney D) Incision into a kidney Answer: B Explanation: The root nephr means "kidney" and the suffix -ectomy means "surgical removal."

Repair would be nephroplasty; incision, nephrotomy; and examination, nephroscopy.

Page Ref: 32 Question Type: Suffixes Indicating a Procedure or Treatment Objective: 2 Taxonomy: Applying 32) Select the suffix that means "to surgically puncture."

A) -cele B) -clasis C) -centesis D) -crit Answer: C Explanation: The suffix -centesis means "to surgically puncture." The other suffixes mean: -crit, "to separate"; -cele, "hernia, swelling, protrusion"; and -clasis, "break apart."

Page Ref: 32 Question Type: Suffixes Indicating a Procedure or Treatment Objective: 1 Taxonomy: Remembering 33) Select the suffix that means "surgical removal."

A) -centesis B) -tomy C) -ectomy D) -desis Answer: C Explanation: The suffix -ectomy means "surgical removal." Look closely at the differences in these procedures. The other suffixes mean: -centesis, "surgical puncture"; -tomy, "incision or to cut"; and -desis, "surgical fixation or fusion."

Page Ref: 32 Question Type: Suffixes Indicating a Procedure or Treatment Objective: 1 Taxonomy: Remembering

11

34) Select the suffix that means "fusion."

A) -ectomy B) -plasty C) -centesis D) -desis Answer: D Explanation: The suffix -desis means "fusion." Look closely at the differences in these surgical procedures: -ectomy, "surgical removal"; -plasty, "surgical repair"; and -centesis, "surgical puncture."

Page Ref: 32 Question Type: Suffixes Indicating a Procedure or Treatment Objective: 1 Taxonomy: Remembering 35) Select the suffix with the correct spelling.

A) -ectuhme B) -ictomy C) -ectomy D) -ektomy Answer: C Explanation: -ectomy is the correct spelling. Answers B and D utilize other letters with similar pronunciations, i and k. Answer A is the pronunciation of the word.

Page Ref: 32 Question Type: Suffixes Indicating a Procedure or Treatment Objective: 2 Taxonomy: Applying 36) In the term thermometer, the suffix -meter means: A) measuring instrument.

B) temperature.

C) heat recording.

D) instrument.

Answer: A Explanation: The suffix -meter means "measuring instrument." A thermometer is an instrument that measures temperature or body heat, but that is not what the question is asking.

Page Ref: 33 Question Type: Suffixes Indicating a Procedure or Treatment Objective: 1 Taxonomy: Remembering

12

37) Select the suffix that means "surgical repair."

A) -penia B) -pepsia C) -plasty D) -pathy Answer: C Explanation: The suffix means -plasty means "surgical repair." The meanings of the other suffixes are: -penia, "deficiency or reduction in number"; -pepsia, "digestion"; and -pathy, "disease."

Page Ref: 34 Question Type: Suffixes Indicating a Procedure or Treatment Objective: 1 Taxonomy: Remembering 38) Select the suffix that means "an instrument for recording."

A) -graph B) -gram C) -genesis D) -graphy Answer: A Explanation: The suffixes -gram, -graph, and -graphy are closely related: -gram means "a record or image," -graph means "an instrument for recording," and -graphy is "a recording process." The suffix -genesis refers to growth.

Page Ref: 33 Question Type: Suffixes Indicating a Procedure or Treatment Objective: 1 Taxonomy: Remembering 39) Select the suffix that means "process of measuring."

A) -plasty B) -scopy C) -metry D) -graphy Answer: C Explanation: The suffix -metry means "process of measuring." The other suffixes mean: -plasty, "surgical repair"; -scopy, "process of viewing"; and -graphy, "recording process."

Page Ref: 33 Question Type: Suffixes Indicating a Procedure or Treatment Objective: 1 Taxonomy: Remembering

13

40) Select the suffix that means "suturing."

A) -rrhaphy B) -emia C) -rrhea D) -ectomy Answer: A Explanation: The suffix -rrhaphy means "suturing." The other suffixes mean: -emia, "condition of blood"; -rrhea, "discharge"; and -ectomy, "surgical removal."

Page Ref: 34 Question Type: Suffixes Indicating a Procedure or Treatment Objective: 1 Taxonomy: Remembering 41) Select the suffix that means "surgical creation of an opening."

A) -tocia B) -tomy C) -tome D) -stomy Answer: D Explanation: Look closely at the spellings of these suffixes: -Stomy, "surgical creation of an opening"; -Tomy, "incision or to cut"; and -tomE, "cutting instrument." The suffix -tocia means "birth or labor."

Page Ref: 34 Question Type: Suffixes Indicating a Procedure or Treatment Objective: 1 Taxonomy: Remembering 42) Select the suffix that means "to surgically crush."

A) -centesis B) -plasty C) -ectomy D) -tripsy Answer: D Explanation: These are all surgical procedures: -tripsy, "crushing"; -centesis, "puncture"; plasty, "repair"; and -ectomy, "removal."

Page Ref: 35 Question Type: Suffixes Indicating a Procedure or Treatment Objective: 1 Taxonomy: Remembering

14

43) Select the suffix that means "an incision."

A) -trophy B) -tripsy C) -tomy D) -tocia Answer: C Explanation: The suffix -tomy means "an incision." The other suffixes mean: -trophy, "development"; -tripsy, "surgical crushing"; and -tocia, "birth or labor."

Page Ref: 34 Question Type: Suffixes Indicating a Procedure or Treatment Objective: 1 Taxonomy: Remembering 44) A colonoscopy is: A) an incision into the colon.

B) making an artificial opening into the colon.

C) an X-ray of the colon.

D) a visual exam of the colon with an instrument.

Answer: D Explanation: Colon/o is the combining form for colon, and -scopy is the suffix meaning "process of viewing."

Page Ref: 34 Question Type: Suffixes Indicating a Procedure or Treatment Objective: 2 Taxonomy: Applying 45) A suffix is a word part that is attached to the Answer: end Page Ref: 20 Question Type: Suffixes Introduction Objective: 1 Taxonomy: Remembering 46) The suffix that means "inflammation" is Answer: -itis, itis Page Ref: 20 Question Type: Suffixes Introduction Objective: 1 Taxonomy: Remembering 47) A suffix that means "disease" is Answer: -pathy, pathy Page Ref: 20 Question Type: Suffixes Introduction Objective: 1 Taxonomy: Remembering

of a word root.

.

.

15

48) A suffix that means "study of" is Answer: -logy, logy Page Ref: 21 Question Type: Suffixes Introduction Objective: 1 Taxonomy: Remembering

.

49) The term aphagia means "not ."

Answer: swallowing Page Ref: 24 Question Type: Suffixes Indicating an Action or State Objective: 2 Taxonomy: Remembering 50) A suffix that means "pain" is -dynia or .

Answer: -algia, algia Page Ref: 25 Question Type: Suffixes Indicating a Condition or Disease Objective: 1 Taxonomy: Remembering 51) Besides -algia, what is another suffix that means "pain"?

Answer: -dynia, dynia Page Ref: 26 Question Type: Suffixes Indicating a Condition or Disease Objective: 1 Taxonomy: Remembering 52) What is the meaning of the suffix -phobia?

Answer: fear Page Ref: 27 Question Type: Suffixes Indicating a Condition or Disease Objective: 1 Taxonomy: Remembering 53) A suffix that means "fear" is .

Answer: -phobia, phobia Page Ref: 27 Question Type: Suffixes Indicating a Condition or Disease Objective: 1 Taxonomy: Remembering

16

54) What does the suffix -ary mean? (two words) Answer: pertaining to Page Ref: 29 Question Type: Suffixes Indicating a Location, Number, or Quality Objective: 1 Taxonomy: Remembering 55) If cyst is the word root for bladder, the term cystic means " Answer: pertaining to the bladder Page Ref: 29 Question Type: Suffixes Indicating a Location, Number, or Quality Objective: 3 Taxonomy: Applying

." (four words)

56) In the term psychiatry, the suffix -iatry means "specialty or Answer: treatment Page Ref: 31 Question Type: Suffixes Indicating a Medical Specialty Objective: 1 Taxonomy: Remembering

."

57) A suffix that means "one who studies" is .

Answer: -logist, logist Page Ref: 31 Question Type: Suffixes Indicating a Medical Specialty Objective: 1 Taxonomy: Remembering 58) The suffix -logy in the term biology means "science of or Answer: study of Page Ref: 31 Question Type: Suffixes Indicating a Medical Specialty Objective: 1 Taxonomy: Remembering 59) The suffix that means "surgical removal or excision" is Answer: -ectomy, ectomy Page Ref: 32 Question Type: Suffixes Indicating a Procedure or Treatment Objective: 1 Taxonomy: Remembering

17

." (two words)

.

60) The suffix that means "surgical repair" is .

Answer: -plasty, plasty Page Ref: 34 Question Type: Suffixes Indicating a Procedure or Treatment Objective: 1 Taxonomy: Remembering 61) What is the suffix that means "the process of measuring"?

Answer: -metry, metry Page Ref: 33 Question Type: Suffixes Indicating a Procedure or Treatment Objective: 1 Taxonomy: Remembering 62) What does the suffix -rrhaphy mean?

Answer: suturing Page Ref: 34 Question Type: Suffixes Indicating a Procedure or Treatment Objective: 1 Taxonomy: Remembering 63) Suffixes that mean "condition of pain" are -dynia and Answer: -algia, algia Page Ref: 25 Question Type: Suffixes Indicating a Condition or Disease Objective: 1 Taxonomy: Remembering Define the following suffixes.

64) The suffix -itis means " ."

Answer: inflammation Page Ref: 20 Question Type: Getting Started with Suffixes Objective: 1 Taxonomy: Remembering 65) The suffix -pathy means " or disorder."

Answer: disease Page Ref: 20 Question Type: Getting Started with Suffixes Objective: 1 Taxonomy: Remembering

18

.

66) The suffix -scope means "instrument for Answer: viewing Page Ref: 21 Question Type: Suffixes Introduction Objective: 1 Taxonomy: Remembering

."

67) The suffix -rrhea means " ."

Answer: discharge Page Ref: 27 Question Type: Suffixes Indicating a Condition or Disease Objective: 1 Taxonomy: Remembering 68) The suffix -meter means "instrument to Answer: measure Page Ref: 33 Question Type: Suffixes Introduction Objective: 1 Taxonomy: Remembering

."

69) The suffix -emesis means "to ."

Answer: vomit Page Ref: 23 Question Type: Suffixes Indicating an Action or State Objective: 1 Taxonomy: Remembering 70) The suffix -malacia means " of."

Answer: softening Page Ref: 23 Question Type: Suffixes Indicating an Action or State Objective: 1 Taxonomy: Remembering 71) The suffix -stasis means "standing ."

Answer: still Page Ref: 24 Question Type: Suffixes Indicating an Action or State Objective: 1 Taxonomy: Remembering

19

72) The suffix -oma means " ."

Answer: tumor Page Ref: 24 Question Type: Suffixes Indicating an Action or State Objective: 1 Taxonomy: Remembering 73) The suffix -phobia means " ."

Answer: fear Page Ref: 27 Question Type: Suffixes Indicating a Condition or Disease Objective: 1 Taxonomy: Remembering 74) The suffix -ad means " ."

Answer: toward Page Ref: 29 Question Type: Suffixes Indicating a Location, Number, or Quality Objective: 1 Taxonomy: Remembering 75) The suffix -emia means "condition of the ."

Answer: blood Page Ref: 29 Question Type: Suffixes Indicating a Location, Number, or Quality Objective: 1 Taxonomy: Remembering 76) The suffix -ion means " ."

Answer: process Page Ref: 35 Question Type: Suffixes Indicating a Procedure or Treatment Objective: 1 Taxonomy: Remembering 77) The suffix -iatry means " or specialty."

Answer: treatment Page Ref: 31 Question Type: Suffixes Indicating a Medical Specialty Objective: 1 Taxonomy: Remembering

20

78) The suffix -ectomy means " removal."

Answer: surgical Page Ref: 32 Question Type: Suffixes Indicating a Procedure or Treatment Objective: 1 Taxonomy: Remembering 79) The suffix -plasty means " repair."

Answer: surgical Page Ref: 34 Question Type: Suffixes Indicating a Procedure or Treatment Objective: 1 Taxonomy: Remembering 80) The suffix -stomy means " creation of an opening."

Answer: surgical Page Ref: 34 Question Type: Suffixes Indicating a Procedure or Treatment Objective: 1 Taxonomy: Remembering 81) The suffix -tripsy means "surgical ."

Answer: crushing Page Ref: 35 Question Type: Suffixes Indicating a Procedure or Treatment Objective: 1 Taxonomy: Remembering 82) The term gastropathy means "disease of the stomach."

Answer: TRUE Page Ref: 27 Question Type: Suffixes Introduction Objective: 3 Taxonomy: Applying 83) In the term quadriplegia, the suffix -plegia means "amputated."

Answer: FALSE Explanation: The suffix -plegia means "paralysis."

Page Ref: 24 Question Type: Suffixes Indicating an Action or State Objective: 2 Taxonomy: Remembering

21

84) In the term arteriosclerosis, the suffix -sclerosis means "hardening."

Answer: TRUE Page Ref: 27 Question Type: Suffixes Indicating a Condition or Disease Objective: 2 Taxonomy: Remembering 85) The suffix for "suturing" is -rrhagia.

Answer: FALSE Explanation: Look closely at the meanings and spellings of these suffixes: -rrhaphy, "suturing"; -rrhagia, "abnormal discharge"; -rrhea, "discharge"; and -rrhexis, "rupture." All contain a double rr followed by an h.

Page Ref: 34 Question Type: Suffixes Indicating a Condition or Disease Objective: 1 Taxonomy: Remembering 86) The suffix -ous means "condition."

Answer: FALSE Explanation: Several suffixes mean "condition," including -ia, -osis, and -ism. The suffix -ous actually means "pertaining to."

Page Ref: 26 Question Type: Suffixes Indicating a Location, Number, or Quality Objective: 1 Taxonomy: Remembering 87) The suffix -ad means "toward."

Answer: TRUE Page Ref: 29 Question Type: Suffixes Indicating a Location, Number, or Quality Objective: 1 Taxonomy: Remembering 88) The action of making a puncture is indicated by the suffix -plasty.

Answer: FALSE Explanation: The suffix meaning "surgical puncture" is -centesis. The suffix -plasty is used to describe a surgical repair.

Page Ref: 32 Question Type: Suffixes Indicating a Procedure or Treatment Objective: 1 Taxonomy: Remembering

22

89) A gastroplasty is "removal of the stomach."

Answer: FALSE Explanation: The combining form gastr/o means "stomach," and the suffix -plasty means "surgical repair." The suffix meaning "surgical removal" is -ectomy.

Page Ref: 34 Question Type: Suffixes Indicating a Procedure or Treatment Objective: 3 Taxonomy: Applying 90) An angiogram is an image or record of the arteries.

Answer: TRUE Page Ref: 33 Question Type: Suffixes Indicating a Procedure or Treatment Objective: 3 Taxonomy: Applying 91) The suffix -graphy means "the process of recording."

Answer: TRUE Page Ref: 33 Question Type: Suffixes Indicating a Procedure or Treatment Objective: 1 Taxonomy: Remembering 92) The study of diseases and the structural and functional changes they cause is known as pathology.

Answer: TRUE Page Ref: 31 Question Type: Medical Specialty Objective: 1 Taxonomy: Remembering 93) -scope means "the process of viewing."

Answer: FALSE Explanation: The suffix -scope means "a viewing instrument." The suffix -scopy means "the process of viewing."

Page Ref: 34 Question Type: Suffixes Indicating a Procedure or Treatment Objective: 1 Taxonomy: Remembering 94) The suffix -stomy means "surgical creation of an opening."

Answer: TRUE Page Ref: 34 Question Type: Suffixes Indicating a Procedure or Treatment Objective: 1 Taxonomy: Remembering 23

95) An angiogram is an instrument for viewing arteries using radioactive dye injected into the artery.

Answer: FALSE Explanation: Angiogram is a record or X-ray image of the arteries.

Page Ref: 33 Question Type: Suffixes Indicating a Procedure or Treatment Objective: 1 Taxonomy: Applying 96) The suffix -meter means "measure or measuring instrument."

Answer: TRUE Page Ref: 33 Question Type: Suffixes Indicating a Procedure or Treatment Objective: 1 Taxonomy: Remembering 97) The suffix -tripsy means "surgical repair."

Answer: FALSE Explanation: The suffix -tripsy means "surgical crushing." The suffix -plasty means surgical repair.

Page Ref: 35 Question Type: Suffixes Indicating a Procedure or Treatment Objective: 1 Taxonomy: Remembering 98) The suffix -plasty means "surgical fixation, suspension."

Answer: FALSE Explanation: The suffix -pexy means "surgical fixation or suspension." The suffix -plasty means surgical repair.

Page Ref: 34 Question Type: Suffixes Indicating a Procedure or Treatment Objective: 1 Taxonomy: Remembering

24

Match the suffix with the correct definition.

A) inflammation B) study of C) discharge D) vomiting E) instrument used for viewing F) deficiency G) pertaining to H) disease I) running J) affinity for 99) -logy 100) -scope 101) -pathy 102) -ic 103) -rrhea 104) -penia 105) -philia 106) -itis 107) -emesis 108) -drome Answers: 99) B 100) E 101) H 102) G 103) C 104) F 105) J 106) A 107) D 108) I

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Medical Terminology Complete! 4e (Wingerd) Chapter 3 Understanding Prefixes 1) Which of the following prefixes means "above or excessive"?

A) IntraB) HyperC) AbD) PostAnswer: B Explanation: Hyper- means "above or excessive;" it also means "abnormally high." Intra- means "within," ab- means "away from," and post- means "to follow after."

Page Ref: 40 Question Type: Getting Started with Prefixes Objective: 1 Taxonomy: Remembering 2) Select the prefix that means "excessive or abnormally high."

A) HypoB) HeterC) HyperD) HomoAnswer: C Explanation: Hyper- means "above or excessive;" it also means "above." Hypo- is an antonym of hyper-, meaning "deficient, abnormally low, below." Another set of antonyms is heter-, which means "different," and homo-, which means "same."

Page Ref: 40 Question Type: Getting Started with Prefixes Objective: 1 Taxonomy: Remembering 3) Select the prefix that means "deficient or low."

A) HyperB) HomoC) HeterD) HypoAnswer: D Explanation: Hypo- means "deficient or low;" it also means "below." Hyper- is an antonym of hypo-, meaning "above, excessive, or abnormally high." Another set of antonyms is heter-, which means "different," and homo-, which means "same."

Page Ref: 40 Question Type: Prefixes Indicating a Specific Quality about a Term Objective: 1 Taxonomy: Remembering

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4) Select the prefix that means "below, under, or beneath."

A) SemiB) SuperC) SymD) SubAnswer: D Explanation: Sub- and hypo- are synonyms that both meaning "below." The antonym supermeans "above." The other prefixes mean: semi-, "half or partial," and sym-, "together or joined."

Page Ref: 49 Question Type: Prefixes Indicating Location or Timing Objective: 1 Taxonomy: Remembering 5) Select the prefix that means "two."

A) TetraB) MonoC) BiD) TriAnswer: C Explanation: All these prefixes indicate number: mono-, "one"; bi-, "two"; tri-, "three"; and tetra-, "four."

Page Ref: 42 Question Type: Prefixes Indicating Number or Quantity Objective: 1 Taxonomy: Remembering 6) Select the prefix that means "to follow after."

A) ParaB) PseudoC) PreD) PostAnswer: D Explanation: The prefix post- means "to follow after." The antonym is pre-, meaning "before or to come before." Para- means "alongside or abnormal," and pseudo- means "false."

Page Ref: 48 Question Type: Prefixes Indicating Location or Timing Objective: 1 Taxonomy: Remembering

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7) Select the prefix that means "before."

A) PreB) ParaC) PostD) PseudoAnswer: A Explanation: The synonym pre- means "before." The antonym is post-, meaning "to follow after." Para- means "alongside or abnormal," and pseudo- means "false."

Page Ref: 46 Question Type: Prefixes Indicating Location or Timing Objective: 1 Taxonomy: Remembering 8) Select the prefix that means "within."

A) CircumB) AntiC) IntraD) InterAnswer: C Explanation: The prefix intra- means "within." Look closely at the differences between intRA-, "within," and intER-, "between." Intracellular is the space within the cell, and intercellular indicates the space between the cells. The other prefixes mean: circum-, "around," and anti-, "against or opposite of."

Page Ref: 48 Question Type: Prefixes Indicating Location or Timing Objective: 1 Taxonomy: Remembering 9) Select the prefix that means "within."

A) EndoB) ExoC) EuD) EpiAnswer: A Explanation: The prefix endo- that means "within." A synonym of endo- is intra-. The prefix with the opposite meaning is exo-, "outside or away from." The other prefixes mean: eu-, "normal or good," and epi-, "upon, over, above, or on top of."

Page Ref: 47 Question Type: Prefixes Indicating Location or Timing Objective: 1 Taxonomy: Remembering

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10) Select the prefix that means "away from."

A) AntiB) AC) AbD) AdAnswer: C Explanation: The prefix ab- means "away from." Look closely at the spelling of aB-, "away from," and aD-, "toward." Both are directional terms. The other prefixes mean: anti-, "against or opposite of," and a-, "without or absence of."

Page Ref: 46 Question Type: Prefixes Indicating Location or Timing Objective: 1 Taxonomy: Remembering 11) Which of the following prefixes means "together"?

A) TransB) SubC) ConD) CircumAnswer: C Explanation: The prefix con- means "with, together, or jointly." The other prefixes mean: trans-, "through, across, or beyond"; sub-, "under, beneath, or below"; and circum-, "around."

Page Ref: 41 Question Type: Prefix Introduction Objective: 1 Taxonomy: Remembering 12) Select the prefix that means "against."

A) AntiB) AbC) AD) AdAnswer: A Explanation: The prefix anti- means "against." Look closely at the spelling of aB-, "away from," and aD-, "toward." Both are directional terms. The prefix a- means "without or absence of."

Page Ref: 41 Question Type: Prefix Introduction Objective: 1 Taxonomy: Remembering

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13) Select the prefix that means "without."

A) AB) AmbiC) AutoD) AnteAnswer: A Explanation: Don't confuse a-, meaning "without or absence of," with hypo-, meaning "deficient," or dys-, meaning "bad, abnormal, difficult." The other prefixes mean: ambi-, "both"; auto-, "self"; and ante-, "before."

Page Ref: 41 Question Type: Prefix Introduction Objective: 1 Taxonomy: Remembering 14) Select the prefix that means "against or counter."

A) SubB) ContraC) PreD) MetaAnswer: B Explanation: The prefix contra- means "against or counter." The other prefixes mean: sub-, "under"; pre-, "before"; and meta-, "after or change."

Page Ref: 41 Question Type: Prefix Introduction Objective: 1 Taxonomy: Remembering 15) If the suffix -sect means "to cut," the term bisect would be correctly defined as: A) two points.

B) to cut open.

C) to cut into two parts.

D) a type of microorganism.

Answer: C Explanation: The prefix bi- means "two." To bisect something means to cut or divide it into two equal parts.

Page Ref: 42 Question Type: Prefixes Indicating Number or Quantity Objective: 3 Taxonomy: Evaluating

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16) Select the prefix that means "half."

A) PolyB) HemiC) MultiD) HyperAnswer: B Explanation: Hemi- means half. A synonym also meaning "half" is semi-. Two synonyms meaning "many" are poly- and multi-. Hyper- means "above, excessive, or abnormally high."

Page Ref: 43 Question Type: Prefixes Indicating Number or Quantity Objective: 1 Taxonomy: Remembering 17) Select the prefix that means "both."

A) AntiB) AbC) BiD) AmbiAnswer: D Explanation: The prefix ambi- means "both." The other prefixes mean: anti-, "against"; ab-, "away from"; and bi-, "two."

Page Ref: 42 Question Type: Prefixes Indicating Number or Quantity Objective: 1 Taxonomy: Remembering 18) If a phobia is a fear, what does polyphobia mean?

A) False fears B) Pathological fears C) Many fears D) Partial fears Answer: C Explanation: The prefix poly- means "excessive, over, or many." The prefix meaning "false" is pseudo-; "partial," semi-.

Page Ref: 44 Question Type: Prefixes Indicating Number or Quantity Objective: 3 Taxonomy: Applying

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19) A mixed infection with several different organisms involved would be called a: A) diplo-infection.

B) mono-infection.

C) multi-infection.

D) nulli-infection.

Answer: C Explanation: Several indicates more than two, or many. The prefix for "many" is multi-. Diplowould indicate "double"; mono-, "one"; and nulli-, "none."

Page Ref: 43 Question Type: Prefixes Indicating Number or Quantity Objective: 3 Taxonomy: Applying 20) Select the prefix that means "many."

A) MacroB) MalC) MicroD) MultiAnswer: D Explanation: The prefix for "many" is multi-. Macro- means "large"; mal-, "bad"; and micro-, "small."

Page Ref: 43 Question Type: Prefixes Indicating Number or Quantity Objective: 1 Taxonomy: Remembering 21) Select the prefix that means "none."

A) NulliB) PrimiC) PolyD) MultiAnswer: A Explanation: The prefix nulli- means "none." Primi- means "first"; poly-, "excessive, over, or many"; and multi-, "many."

Page Ref: 43 Question Type: Prefixes Indicating Number or Quantity Objective: 1 Taxonomy: Remembering

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22) Select the prefix that means "one."

A) PanB) MultiC) MonoD) HypoAnswer: C Explanation: The prefix mono- means "one." Multi- means "many, more than once, numerous"; hypo-, "deficient, abnormally low, below"; and pan-, "all."

Page Ref: 43 Question Type: Prefixes Indicating Number or Quantity Objective: 1 Taxonomy: Remembering 23) A paralysis that is limited to one arm would be called: A) multilateral.

B) bilateral.

C) unilateral.

D) tetralateral.

Answer: C Explanation: All the prefixes utilized in the term construction indicate number or quantity: uni-, "one"; bi-, "two"; tetra-, "four"; and multi-, "many."

Page Ref: 44 Question Type: Prefixes Indicating Number or Quantity Objective: 3 Taxonomy: Evaluating 24) Premature babies and older adults have semitransparent skin. What kind of skin do they have?

A) Totally transparent B) Mixed transparency C) Partially transparent D) Not transparent Answer: C Explanation: The prefix semi- means "half or partial."

Page Ref: 44 Question Type: Prefixes Indicating Number or Quantity Objective: 3 Taxonomy: Applying

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25) Select the prefix that means "three."

A) MonoB) TriC) TetraD) BiAnswer: B Explanation: All these prefixes indicate quantity: mono-, "one"; bi-, "two"; tri-, "three"; and tetra-, "four."

Page Ref: 44 Question Type: Prefixes Indicating Number or Quantity Objective: 1 Taxonomy: Remembering 26) What is the meaning of the prefix ab-?

A) Away from B) To follow after C) Excess D) Under Answer: A Explanation: The prefix ab- means away from. The prefix meaning "to follow after" is post-, "under" is sub, and hyper- or poly-, "excess."

Page Ref: 40 Question Type: Prefixes Indicating Location or Timing Objective: 1 Taxonomy: Remembering 27) Preoperative orders are written by a physician for the patient: A) during surgery.

B) after surgery in the hospital.

C) before surgery.

D) after surgery at home.

Answer: C Explanation: When a physician performs an operation he is doing surgery. The prefix premeans "to come before."

Page Ref: 46 Question Type: Prefixes Indicating Location or Timing Objective: 3 Taxonomy: Applying

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28) What does the prefix endo- mean?

A) Around B) Within C) Through D) Over Answer: B Explanation: The prefix endo- means "within." The prefix for "around" is circum-; "through," trans-; and "over," epi-.

Page Ref: 47 Question Type: Prefixes Indicating Location or Timing Objective: 1 Taxonomy: Remembering 29) Where is the epigastric region of the abdomen?

A) Behind the stomach B) Below the stomach C) Over the stomach D) Around the stomach Answer: C Explanation: The prefix epi- means "upon, over, above, or on top of." The root for "stomach" is gastr. The prefix meaning "behind" is retro-; "below," sub- or hypo-; and "around," peri-.

Page Ref: 47 Question Type: Prefixes Indicating Location or Timing Objective: 3 Taxonomy: Applying 30) Select the prefix that means "outside or away from."

A) EuB) EndoC) ExoD) EpiAnswer: C Explanation: The prefix exo- means "outside or away from." The other prefixes mean: endo-, "within"; epi- "upon, over, above, or on top"; and eu-, "normal or good."

Page Ref: 47 Question Type: Prefixes Indicating Location or Timing Objective: 1 Taxonomy: Remembering

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31) Select the prefix that means "upon, over, above, or on top of."

A) EuB) EpiC) ExoD) EndoAnswer: B Explanation: The prefix epi- means "upon, over, above, or on top of." The other prefixes mean: endo-, "within"; exo-, "outside or away from"; and eu-, "normal or good."

Page Ref: 47 Question Type: Prefixes Indicating Location or Timing Objective: 1 Taxonomy: Remembering 32) What does the term paramedic mean in terms of how the person works with a physician?

A) Independently B) Under C) At a distance D) Beside Answer: D Explanation: The question provides the meaning of the root/suffix medic. Next, consider the meaning of the prefix para-, "alongside." The closest choice is beside, which is a synonym.

Page Ref: 48 Question Type: Prefixes Indicating Location or Timing Objective: 3 Taxonomy: Applying 33) Select the prefix that means "around."

A) EndoB) TransC) SubD) PeriAnswer: D Explanation: The prefix peri- means "around." The other prefixes mean: endo-, "within"; trans-, "through"; and sub-, "under, beneath, or below."

Page Ref: 48 Question Type: Prefixes Indicating Location or Timing Objective: 1 Taxonomy: Remembering

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34) If a patient has bradycardia, what is the problem?

A) He has a faster-than-normal heartbeat.

B) He has an irregular heartbeat.

C) He has a slower-than-normal heartbeat.

D) He has a bad heartbeat.

Answer: C Explanation: The prefix brady- means "slow," the root card means "heart," and the suffix -ia means "pertaining to."

Page Ref: 51 Question Type: Prefixes Indicating a Specific Quality about a Term Objective: 2 Taxonomy: Evaluating 35) When a person has a circumcision, where is the cut made?

A) Around B) Down C) Upward D) Through Answer: A Explanation: The prefix in the term circum- means "around," indicating the location.

Page Ref: 51 Question Type: Prefixes Indicating a Specific Quality about a Term Objective: 2 Taxonomy: Applying 36) Select the prefix that means "different."

A) HomoB) HeterC) HypoD) HyperAnswer: B Explanation: The prefix heter- means "different." The antonym of heter- is homo-, meaning "same." Hypo-, "below, deficient, abnormally low," and hyper-, "above, high, abnormally high," are also antonyms.

Page Ref: 51 Question Type: Prefixes Indicating a Specific Quality about a Term Objective: 1 Taxonomy: Remembering

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37) Select the prefix that means "slow."

A) PolyB) TachyC) BradyD) MultiAnswer: C Explanation: The prefix brady- means "slow." The antonym of brady- is tachy-, "rapid or fast."

Multi- and poly- are synonyms both meaning "many."

Page Ref: 51 Question Type: Prefixes Indicating a Specific Quality about a Term Objective: 1 Taxonomy: Remembering 38) Select the prefix that means "rapid."

A) BradyB) PolyC) MultiD) TachyAnswer: D Explanation: The prefix tachy- means "rapid." The antonym of tachy- is brady-, meaning "slow." Multi- and poly- are synonyms, both meaning "many."

Page Ref: 53 Question Type: Prefixes Indicating a Specific Quality about a Term Objective: 1 Taxonomy: Remembering 39) Select the prefix that means "good."

A) EuB) EpiC) EndoD) ExoAnswer: A Explanation: The prefix eu- means "good." The other prefixes mean: exo-, "outside or away from"; epi-, "upon, over, above, or on top of"; and endo-, "within."

Page Ref: 51 Question Type: Prefixes Indicating a Specific Quality about a Term Objective: 1 Taxonomy: Remembering

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40) If a train is transcontinental, how does it travel?

A) Over the continent B) Across the continent C) Under the continent D) Up the continent Answer: B Explanation: The answers all indicate that the root in the term means "continent." The prefix trans- means "across or through." The prefix meaning "under" is sub- or hypo-, and "over" is epi-.

Page Ref: 53 Question Type: Prefixes Indicating a Specific Quality about a Term Objective: 2 Taxonomy: Applying 41) Select the prefix that means "large."

A) MicroB) MacroC) MalD) MonoAnswer: B Explanation: The prefix macro- means "large." The antonym is micro-, meaning "small." The other prefixes mean mal-, "bad," and mono-, "one."

Page Ref: 52 Question Type: Prefixes Indicating a Specific Quality about a Term Objective: 1 Taxonomy: Remembering 42) Select the prefix that means "small."

A) MonoB) MacroC) MicroD) MalAnswer: C Explanation: The prefix micro- means "small." The antonym is macro-, meaning "large." The other prefixes mean mal-, "bad," and mono-, "one."

Page Ref: 52 Question Type: Prefixes Indicating a Specific Quality about a Term Objective: 1 Taxonomy: Remembering

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43) Select the prefix that means "new."

A) ExoB) NeoC) RetroD) PseudoAnswer: B Explanation: The prefix neo- means "new." The other prefixes mean: exo-, "outside or away from"; pseudo-, "false"; and retro-, "behind."

Page Ref: 52 Question Type: Prefixes Indicating a Specific Quality about a Term Objective: 1 Taxonomy: Remembering 44) Select the prefix that means "through or across."

A) TransB) TetraC) CircumD) DysAnswer: A Explanation: The prefix trans- means "through or across." The other prefixes mean: tetra-, "four"; circum-, "around"; and dys-, "bad, abnormal, painful, difficult."

Page Ref: 53 Question Type: Prefixes Indicating a Specific Quality about a Term Objective: 1 Taxonomy: Remembering 45) Select the prefix that means "bad."

A) PostB) TachyC) AnD) MalAnswer: D Explanation: The prefix mal- means "bad." Dys- is a synonym for mal- meaning "bad." The other prefixes mean: post-, "to follow after"; an-, "without or absence of"; and tachy-, "rapid or fast."

Page Ref: 52 Question Type: Prefixes Indicating a Specific Quality about a Term Objective: 1 Taxonomy: Remembering 46) The prefix intra- means " ."

Answer: within Page Ref: 40 Question Type: Getting Started with Prefixes Objective: 1 Taxonomy: Remembering 15

47) A prefix is a word part placed the root.

Answer: before Page Ref: 40 Question Type: Getting Started with Prefixes Objective: 1 Taxonomy: Remembering 48) A prefix that means "two" is .

Answer: bi-, bi Page Ref: 42 Question Type: Prefixes Indicating Number or Quantity Objective: 1 Taxonomy: Remembering 49) A prefix that means "below" is sub-, infer-, or Answer: hypo-, hypo Page Ref: 49 Question Type: Prefixes Indicating Location or Timing Objective: 1 Taxonomy: Remembering 50) A prefix that means "after" is meta- or .

Answer: post-, post Page Ref: 49 Question Type: Prefixes Indicating Location or Timing Objective: 1 Taxonomy: Remembering 51) The prefix ambi- means " ."

Answer: both Page Ref: 42 Question Type: Prefixes Indicating Number or Quantity Objective: 1 Taxonomy: Remembering 52) A prefix that means "half" is or semi-.

Answer: hemi-, hemi Page Ref: 43 Question Type: Prefixes Indicating Number or Quantity Objective: 1 Taxonomy: Remembering

16

.

53) The prefix that means "all" is .

Answer: pan-, pan Page Ref: 44 Question Type: Prefixes Indicating Number or Quantity Objective: 1 Taxonomy: Remembering 54) A prefix that means "many" is multi- or .

Answer: poly-, poly Page Ref: 44 Question Type: Prefixes Indicating Number or Quantity Objective: 1 Taxonomy: Remembering 55) The prefix that means "three" is .

Answer: tri-, tri Page Ref: 44 Question Type: Prefixes Indicating Number or Quantity Objective: 1 Taxonomy: Remembering 56) The prefix ad- means " ."

Answer: toward Page Ref: 46 Question Type: Prefixes Indicating Location or Timing Objective: 1 Taxonomy: Remembering 57) A prefix that means "abnormally low, deficient, or below" is Answer: hypo-, hypo Page Ref: 49 Question Type: Prefixes Indicating a Specific Quality about a Term Objective: 1 Taxonomy: Remembering 58) The prefix inter- means " ."

Answer: between Page Ref: 48 Question Type: Prefixes Indicating Location or Timing Objective: 1 Taxonomy: Remembering

17

.

59) The prefixes dys- and mal- both mean " ."

Answer: bad Page Ref: 51 Question Type: Prefixes Indicating a Specific Quality about a Term Objective: 1 Taxonomy: Remembering 60) The prefix that means "new" is .

Answer: neo-, neo Page Ref: 52 Question Type: Prefixes Indicating a Specific Quality about a Term Objective: 1 Taxonomy: Remembering 61) Macro- is a prefix that means " ."

Answer: large Page Ref: 52 Question Type: Prefixes Indicating a Specific Quality about a Term Objective: 1 Taxonomy: Remembering 62) A prefix that means "small" is .

Answer: micro-, micro Page Ref: 52 Question Type: Prefixes Indicating a Specific Quality about a Term Objective: 1 Taxonomy: Remembering 63) A prefix that means "large" is macro-, mega-, or .

Answer: megalo-, megalo Page Ref: 52 Question Type: Prefixes Indicating a Specific Quality about a Term Objective: 1 Taxonomy: Remembering 64) A prefix that means "bad" is dys- or .

Answer: mal-, mal Page Ref: 52 Question Type: Prefixes Indicating a Specific Quality about a Term Objective: 1 Taxonomy: Remembering

18

65) A prefix that means "rapid or fast" is .

Answer: tachy-, tachy Page Ref: 53 Question Type: Prefixes Indicating a Specific Quality about a Term Objective: 1 Taxonomy: Remembering Define the following prefixes.

66) The prefix pre- means "to come ."

Answer: before Page Ref: 46 Question Type: Prefixes Indicating Location or Timing Objective: 1 Taxonomy: Remembering 67) The prefix a- means "without or of."

Answer: absence Page Ref: 41 Question Type: Prefixes Indicating a Specific Quality about a Term Objective: 1 Taxonomy: Remembering 68) The prefix meta- means "after or Answer: change Page Ref: 41 Question Type: Prefix Introduction Objective: 1 Taxonomy: Remembering

."

69) The prefix anti- means "opposite of or Answer: against Page Ref: 41 Question Type: Prefix Introduction Objective: 1 Taxonomy: Remembering

."

70) The prefix dipl- means " ."

Answer: double Page Ref: 42 Question Type: Prefixes Indicating Number or Quantity Objective: 1 Taxonomy: Remembering

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71) The prefix mono- means " ."

Answer: one, 1 Page Ref: 43 Question Type: Prefixes Indicating Number or Quantity Objective: 1 Taxonomy: Remembering 72) The prefix nulli- means "zero, never, or ."

Answer: none Page Ref: 43 Question Type: Prefixes Indicating Number or Quantity Objective: 1 Taxonomy: Remembering 73) The prefix ab- means " ." (two words) Answer: away from Page Ref: 46 Question Type: Prefixes Indicating Location or Timing Objective: 1 Taxonomy: Remembering 74) The prefix super- means " or on top of."

Answer: above Page Ref: 49 Question Type: Prefixes Indicating Location or Timing Objective: 1 Taxonomy: Remembering 75) The prefix brady- means " ."

Answer: slow Page Ref: 51 Question Type: Prefixes Indicating a Specific Quality about a Term Objective: 1 Taxonomy: Remembering 76) The prefix circum- means " ."

Answer: around Page Ref: 51 Question Type: Prefixes Indicating a Specific Quality about a Term Objective: 1 Taxonomy: Remembering

20

77) The prefix eu- means "good or ."

Answer: normal Page Ref: 51 Question Type: Prefixes Indicating a Specific Quality about a Term Objective: 1 Taxonomy: Remembering 78) The prefix hetero- means " ."

Answer: different Page Ref: 51 Question Type: Prefixes Indicating a Specific Quality about a Term Objective: 1 Taxonomy: Remembering 79) The prefix neo- means " ."

Answer: new Page Ref: 52 Question Type: Prefixes Indicating a Specific Quality about a Term Objective: 1 Taxonomy: Remembering 80) The prefix micro- means " ."

Answer: small Page Ref: 52 Question Type: Prefixes Indicating a Specific Quality about a Term Objective: 1 Taxonomy: Remembering 81) The prefix pseudo- means " ."

Answer: false Page Ref: 53 Question Type: Prefixes Indicating a Specific Quality about a Term Objective: 1 Taxonomy: Remembering 82) The prefix trans- means "through, across, or ."

Answer: beyond Page Ref: 53 Question Type: Prefixes Indicating a Specific Quality about a Term Objective: 1 Taxonomy: Remembering

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83) The prefix hemi- means "partial."

Answer: FALSE Page Ref: 43 Question Type: Prefixes Indicating Number or Quantity Objective: 1 Taxonomy: Remembering 84) Primi- is a prefix that means "first."

Answer: TRUE Page Ref: 44 Question Type: Prefixes Indicating Number or Quantity Objective: 1 Taxonomy: Remembering 85) In the term anatomy, the prefix ana- means "up."

Answer: TRUE Page Ref: 46 Question Type: Prefixes Indicating Location or Timing Objective: 1 Taxonomy: Remembering 86) The prefix ecto- means "outside."

Answer: TRUE Page Ref: 46 Question Type: Prefixes Indicating Location or Timing Objective: 1 Taxonomy: Remembering 87) A posttest is a test taken at the beginning of a course.

Answer: FALSE Page Ref: 48 Question Type: Prefixes Indicating Location or Timing Objective: 2 Taxonomy: Applying 88) The prefix eu- means "bad or difficult."

Answer: FALSE Page Ref: 51 Question Type: Prefixes Indicating a Specific Quality about a Term Objective: 1 Taxonomy: Remembering

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89) A megameal at a fast-food restaurant is a large meal.

Answer: TRUE Page Ref: 52 Question Type: Prefixes Indicating a Specific Quality about a Term Objective: 2 Taxonomy: Applying 90) Nym is a word part that means "name," so a pseudonym is a false name.

Answer: TRUE Page Ref: 53 Question Type: Prefixes Indicating a Specific Quality about a Term Objective: 3 Taxonomy: Applying 91) The prefix micro- means "in parts."

Answer: FALSE Page Ref: 52 Question Type: Prefixes Indicating a Specific Quality about a Term Objective: 1 Taxonomy: Remembering 92) Tachy- is a prefix that means "abnormal or difficult."

Answer: FALSE Page Ref: 53 Question Type: Prefixes Indicating a Specific Quality about a Term Objective: 1 Taxonomy: Remembering 93) Meta- means "after or change," as in the term metabolism.

Answer: TRUE Page Ref: 41 Question Type: Getting Started with Prefixes Objective: 1 Taxonomy: Remembering 94) The prefix contra- means "with, together, or jointly."

Answer: FALSE Page Ref: 41 Question Type: Prefix Introduction Objective: 1 Taxonomy: Remembering

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95) The prefixes ep- and epi- mean "outside or away from."

Answer: FALSE Page Ref: 47 Question Type: Prefixes Indicating Location or Timing Objective: 1 Taxonomy: Remembering 96) The prefix para- means "alongside or abnormal."

Answer: TRUE Page Ref: 48 Question Type: Prefixes Indicating Location or Timing Objective: 1 Taxonomy: Remembering 97) The prefix peri- means "to follow after."

Answer: FALSE Page Ref: 48 Question Type: Prefixes Indicating Location or Timing Objective: 1 Taxonomy: Remembering 98) The prefixes sub- and hypo- both mean "below."

Answer: TRUE Page Ref: 49 Question Type: Prefixes Indicating Location or Timing Objective: 1 Taxonomy: Remembering 99) The prefixes super- and supra- both mean "abnormal."

Answer: FALSE Page Ref: 49 Question Type: Prefixes Indicating Location or Timing Objective: 1 Taxonomy: Remembering 100) The prefix hypo- means "deficient, abnormally low, or below."

Answer: TRUE Page Ref: 49 Question Type: Prefixes Indicating a Specific Quality about a Term Objective: 1 Taxonomy: Remembering

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101) The prefix macro- means "small."

Answer: FALSE Page Ref: 52 Question Type: Prefixes Indicating a Specific Quality about a Term Objective: 1 Taxonomy: Remembering

25

Match the prefix with the correct definition.

A) with B) partial C) against D) many E) all F) after G) opposite of H) under I) above J) within 102) hyper103) endo104) sub105) con106) contra107) anti108) meta109) multi110) pan111) semiAnswers: 102) I 103) J 104) H 105) A 106) C 107) G 108) F 109) D 110) E 111) B

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Medical Terminology Complete! 4e (Wingerd) Chapter 4 The Human Body in Health and Disease 1) The word root poster is defined as: A) back.

B) belly.

C) above.

D) near.

Answer: A Explanation: The word root dors is a synonym for poster, also meaning "back." The other combining forms are ventr or anter, "pertaining to the belly or front"; super, "above"; and proxim, "near."

Page Ref: 58 Question Type: Word Building Objective: 1 Taxonomy: Remembering 2) The study of body structure is: A) homeostasis.

B) hemostasis.

C) anatomy.

D) physiology.

Answer: C Explanation: The term "anatomy" was first used by the Greeks, who used cadaver dissection to explore body structure. Anatomy is constructed from three word parts. The prefix ana- means "up, toward," the word root tom means "cut," and the suffix -y means "process of." Homeostasis is a state of equilibrium in the body; hemostasis is the process of stopping bleeding after an injury; physiology refers to the study of the nature of living things.

Page Ref: 58 Question Type: Anatomy and Physiology Introduction Objective: 5 Taxonomy: Remembering 3) The correct meaning of the root in the term posterior is: A) side.

B) above.

C) middle.

D) back.

Answer: D Explanation: The root poster means "back." A synonym is dorsal. The root for "side" is later, "above" is super, and "middle" is medi.

Page Ref: 58 Question Type: Word Building Objective: 4 Taxonomy: Applying

1

4) Select the combining form that means "abdomen."

A) Leuk/o B) Hem/o C) Abdomin/o D) My/o Answer: C Explanation: Note how the combining form changes the e in abdomen to an i: abdomin/o. The other combining forms mean: leuk/o, "white"; hem/o, "blood"; and my/o, "muscle."

Page Ref: 58 Question Type: Word Building Objective: 1 Taxonomy: Remembering 5) Select the combining form that means "below."

A) Anter/o B) Proxim/o C) Organ/o D) Infer/o Answer: D Explanation: The combining form infer/o means "below." The other word parts mean: anter/o, "front"; proxim/o, "back"; and organ/o, "tool."

Page Ref: 58 Question Type: Word Building Objective: 1 Taxonomy: Remembering 6) Select the combining form that means "loin or lower back."

A) Anter/o B) Lumb/o C) Abdomin/o D) Inguin/o Answer: B Explanation: This question specifically asks for the lower back, not just the back or posterior.

The word part for this specific region is lumb/o. The other word parts mean: anter/o, "front"; abdomin/o, "abdomen"; and inguin/o, "groin."

Page Ref: 58 Question Type: Word Building Objective: 1 Taxonomy: Remembering

2

7) Which of the following roots means "cell"?

A) Cran/o B) Cyt/o C) Crani/o D) Brachi/o Answer: B Explanation: The root cyt/o means "cell." The other word parts mean: cran/o or crani/o, "skull," and brachi/o, "arm."

Page Ref: 58 Question Type: Word Building Objective: 1 Taxonomy: Remembering 8) Select the combining form that means "to cut."

A) Proxim/o B) Home/o C) Femor/o D) Tom/o Answer: D Explanation: The combining form tom/o that means "to cut." The other word parts mean: proxim/o, "near"; home/o, "same"; and femor/o, "thigh."

Page Ref: 58 Question Type: Word Building Objective: 1 Taxonomy: Remembering 9) The term homeostasis is used to refer to: A) how body parts work together.

B) the process of maintaining internal stability.

C) the identification of body structures.

D) the study of nature.

Answer: B Explanation: If you do not recall the exact definition, you can break down the term to determine its meaning. This word is composed of the combining form home/o, meaning "sameness, unchanging," and -stasis, a suffix that means "standing still," thus meaning "maintaining internal stability."

Page Ref: 59 Question Type: Medical Terms Introduction Objective: 5 Taxonomy: Applying

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10) Two or more different tissues combine to form: A) systems.

B) molecules.

C) organs.

D) cells.

Answer: C Explanation: Our various tissues (epithelial, connective, muscle, nervous) combine to form a certain shape and perform a general function as an organ. Example: the heart.

Page Ref: 59 Question Type: Anatomy and Physiology Introduction Objective: 2 Taxonomy: Remembering 11) The most basic form of life in the body is the: A) cell.

B) tissue.

C) organ system.

D) organ.

Answer: A Explanation: The cell is the most basic form of life in the body. From smallest to more complex, the building blocks are atom, molecule, organelle, cell, tissues, organ, and system. Atoms, molecules, and organelles are nonliving. The simplest or most basic living form is the cell.

Page Ref: 59 Question Type: Anatomy and Physiology Introduction Objective: 2 Taxonomy: Remembering 12) The body system that contains mammary glands is the: A) integumentary system.

B) endocrine system.

C) reproductive system.

D) lymphatic system.

Answer: C Explanation: The reproductive system contains mammary glands. The mammary glands are female breast tissue, which are part of the female reproductive system along with the fallopian tubes, uterus, ovaries, and vagina.

Page Ref: 61 Question Type: Anatomy and Physiology Introduction Objective: 2 Taxonomy: Remembering

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13) This body system is responsible for transporting materials to and from body cells.

A) Urinary B) Cardiovascular C) Muscular D) Digestive Answer: B Explanation: If you do not recall the exact answer, use medical terminology to figure it out. Our blood is the primary mechanism to transport material to the cells. The blood is circulated through our body via the vasculature (arteries and veins) through the pumping of the heart (cardi/o). This is called the cardiovascular system.

Page Ref: 61 Question Type: Anatomy and Physiology Introduction Objective: 2 Taxonomy: Applying 14) This body system is responsible for the exchange of gases between the blood and the external environment.

A) Respiratory B) Endocrine C) Digestive D) Nervous Answer: A Explanation: The respiratory system is composed of the nose, pharynx, larynx, trachea, and lungs. It is responsible for exchanging cases between the blood and the external environment.

Page Ref: 61 Question Type: Anatomy and Physiology Introduction Objective: 2 Taxonomy: Remembering 15) This body system senses changes in the environment, integrates information, and initiates body responses.

A) Urinary B) Skeletal C) Muscular D) Nervous Answer: D Explanation: The nervous system senses changes in the environment, integrates information, and initiates body responses. The brain, spinal cord, and nerves work together to process information and initiate body responses to control the body's homeostasis based on environmental changes.

Page Ref: 62 Question Type: Anatomy and Physiology Introduction Objective: 2 Taxonomy: Remembering

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16) This body system is responsible for producing hormones.

A) Integumentary B) Skeletal C) Respiratory D) Endocrine Answer: D Explanation: The endocrine system controls homeostasis by releasing hormones from the glands into the bloodstream, which alter body functions.

Page Ref: 62 Question Type: Anatomy and Physiology Introduction Objective: 2 Taxonomy: Remembering 17) This body system is responsible for moving body parts.

A) Musculoskeletal B) Urinary C) Endocrine D) Integumentary Answer: A Explanation: The musculoskeletal system moves body parts. Muscles are part of the musculoskeletal system along with bones, joints, and tendons.

Page Ref: 62 Question Type: Anatomy and Physiology Introduction Objective: 2 Taxonomy: Remembering 18) This body system removes wastes, excess water, and salts from the bloodstream.

A) Reproductive B) Integumentary C) Urinary D) Nervous Answer: C Explanation: The urinary system removes wastes, excess water, and salts from the bloodstream.

This is achieved through the action of the kidneys, then transported through the ureters, urinary bladder, and urethra for excretion.

Page Ref: 61 Question Type: Anatomy and Physiology Introduction Objective: 2 Taxonomy: Remembering

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19) This body system is responsible for breaking food down into tiny particles that can be absorbed into the bloodstream.

A) Cardiovascular B) Nervous C) Respiratory D) Digestive Answer: D Explanation: The digestive system is composed of the mouth and salivary glands to break food down, which is transported through the rest of the system for absorption. The digestive system is also composed of the pharynx, esophagus, stomach, liver, gallbladder, small intestine, and colon.

Page Ref: 61 Question Type: Anatomy and Physiology Introduction Objective: 2 Taxonomy: Remembering 20) When a body is erect with palms, toes, and face pointing forward, the position is referred to as: A) anatomical.

B) anterior.

C) proximal.

D) superior.

Answer: A Explanation: Because the body can move into many positions, the common point of reference to describe the locations of body parts is known as the anatomical position.

Page Ref: 63 Question Type: Anatomy and Physiology Introduction Objective: 3 Taxonomy: Remembering 21) Another term for the direction known as dorsal is: A) posterior.

B) distal.

C) medial.

D) ventral.

Answer: A Explanation: Posterior is a synonym of dorsal. The term dorsal includes the root dors, meaning "back," and the suffix -al, "pertaining to."

Page Ref: 64 Question Type: Anatomy and Physiology Introduction Objective: 3 Taxonomy: Applying

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22) The plane that divides the body into anterior and posterior portions is called the: A) sagittal plane.

B) transverse plane.

C) abdominopelvic plane.

D) coronal or frontal plane.

Answer: D Explanation: The coronal or frontal plane divides the body into anterior and posterior portions.

A plane is an imaginary flat field that divides the body into imaginary sections to help describe location. When the plane is vertical passing through the body from side to side, it divides the body into anterior/posterior or front/back portions. Hence the root front in the name of the plane.

Page Ref: 65 Question Type: Anatomy and Physiology Introduction Objective: 3 Taxonomy: Remembering 23) Which of the following directional term means "toward the side"?

A) Medial B) Proximal C) Deep D) Lateral Answer: D Explanation: Lateral means "toward the side." The root later means "side," and the suffix -al means "pertaining to."

Page Ref: 64 Question Type: Anatomy and Physiology Introduction Objective: 3 Taxonomy: Applying 24) Select the medical term that means "toward the head or upper part of the body."

A) Distal B) Posterior C) Superior D) Inferior Answer: C Explanation: Superior means "toward the head or upper part of the body." The antonym meaning "away from the head end or toward the lower part of the body" is inferior.

Page Ref: 64 Question Type: Anatomy and Physiology Introduction Objective: 3 Taxonomy: Remembering

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25) Select the medical term that means "toward the midline."

A) Lateral B) Proximal C) Medial D) Distal Answer: C Explanation: Medial means "toward the midline." The midline is an imaginary vertical line down the middle of the body. The root medi means "middle" and -al means "pertaining to."

Page Ref: 64 Question Type: Anatomy and Physiology Introduction Objective: 3 Taxonomy: Applying 26) Select the term that means "toward the front."

A) Inferior B) Superior C) Anterior D) Posterior Answer: C Explanation: Anterior means "toward the front." A synonym for anterior also referring to the front is ventral. The antonym meaning "back" is dorsal or posterior.

Page Ref: 64 Question Type: Anatomy and Physiology Introduction Objective: 3 Taxonomy: Remembering 27) This anatomical plane divides the body into right and left portions.

A) Transverse B) Frontal C) Sagittal D) Coronal Answer: C Explanation: A plane is an imaginary flat field that divides the body into imaginary sections to help describe location. When the plane is vertical dividing the body into right and left portions, it is called sagittal; front/back portions, frontal or coronal; and horizontally into superior/inferior, transverse.

Page Ref: 65 Question Type: Anatomy and Physiology Introduction Objective: 3 Taxonomy: Remembering

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28) The plane divides the body into front and back portions.

A) sagittal B) coronal C) umbilical D) transverse Answer: B Explanation: When the plane is vertical passing through the body from side to side, it divides the body into anterior/posterior or front/back portions called the coronal or frontal plane. Dividing into right/left is the sagittal and superior/inferior transverse.

Page Ref: 65 Question Type: Anatomy and Physiology Introduction Objective: 3 Taxonomy: Remembering 29) The plane is a horizontal plane dividing the body into superior and inferior portions.

A) frontal B) transverse C) coronal D) sagittal Answer: B Explanation: The transverse plane is the only horizontal plane that divides the body into top/bottom or superior/inferior portions. The vertical planes are frontal dividing into anterior/posterior and sagittal dividing into right/left.

Page Ref: 65 Question Type: Anatomy and Physiology Introduction Objective: 3 Taxonomy: Remembering 30) The ears are to the nose.

A) lateral B) medial C) proximal D) anterior Answer: A Explanation: The ears are located out to the side compared to the location of the nose. The constructed term for this direction is formed by the root later, "side," and the suffix -al, "pertaining to."

Page Ref: 64 Question Type: Anatomy and Physiology Introduction Objective: 3 Taxonomy: Applying

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31) The upper is proximal to the wrist.

A) arm B) chest C) leg D) thigh Answer: A Explanation: Reference the anatomical position of an erect forward-facing body with the arms at the side. The term proximal means "toward the origin of attachment to the trunk." The upper arm is closer to the trunk than the wrist when referencing the same body segment.

Page Ref: 64 Question Type: Anatomy and Physiology Introduction Objective: 3 Taxonomy: Applying 32) The is superior to the neck.

A) heart B) liver C) head D) chest Answer: C Explanation: The term superior means "toward the head end or upper part of the body." If you envision the neck, the only body part above that or closer to the top is the head. All the other locations sit below or further away from the reference point you are given of the neck.

Page Ref: 64 Question Type: Anatomy and Physiology Introduction Objective: 3 Taxonomy: Applying 33) The umbilical region is located: A) above the stomach.

B) under the rib cartilage.

C) at the navel, or belly button.

D) in the groin area.

Answer: C Explanation: The umbilical region is located at the navel or belly button. The root umbilic means "navel," and the suffix -al means "pertaining to," which is at the medial area of the abdomen, between the right and left lumbar regions.

Page Ref: 66 Question Type: Anatomy and Physiology Introduction Objective: 3 Taxonomy: Applying

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34) This abdominal region contains the navel (belly button).

A) Epigastric B) Umbilical C) Inguinal D) Hypogastric Answer: B Explanation: This umbilical region contains the navel. The root umbilic means "navel," and the suffix -al means "pertaining to."

Page Ref: 66 Question Type: Anatomy and Physiology Introduction Objective: 3 Taxonomy: Applying 35) Select the correct medical term for the armpit.

A) Axilla B) Antebrachium C) Digits D) Thorax Answer: A Explanation: "Axilla" is the correct medical term for the armpit. The digits are fingers, the thorax is the chest, and the antebrachium is the forearm.

Page Ref: 65 Question Type: Anatomy and Physiology Introduction Objective: 3 Taxonomy: Remembering 36) The stomach and liver are located in which cavity?

A) Pleural B) Cranial C) Ventral D) Pelvic Answer: C Explanation: The stomach and liver are located in the ventral cavity. The ventral or anterior cavity is the largest.

Page Ref: 67 Question Type: Anatomy and Physiology Introduction Objective: 2 Taxonomy: Remembering

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37) Which of the following body cavities contains the heart and lungs?

A) Abdominopelvic B) Spinal C) Thoracic D) Cranial Answer: C Explanation: The thoracic cavity contains the heart and lungs. The thoracic cavity is a subdivision of the ventral or anterior cavity.

Page Ref: 67 Question Type: Anatomy and Physiology Introduction Objective: 2 Taxonomy: Remembering 38) The term pathology is best defined as: A) infection and disease.

B) the study of disease.

C) a list of symptoms.

D) identification of an illness.

Answer: B Explanation: The combining form path/o meaning "disease" is used, as the suffix -logy meaning "study of" begins with a consonant.

Page Ref: 71 Question Type: Medical Terms Introduction Objective: 4 Taxonomy: Applying 39) Select the combining form that means "disease."

A) Chondr/o B) Home/o C) Pelv/o D) Path/o Answer: D Explanation: The combining form path/o means "disease." The meanings of the other combining forms are chondr/o, "gristle or cartilage"; home/o, "same"; and pelv/o, "bowl or basin," referring to the pelvis.

Page Ref: 71 Question Type: Medical Terms Introduction Objective: 1 Taxonomy: Remembering

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40) Measurement of blood pressure results in an objective number called a: A) sign.

B) prognosis.

C) coryza.

D) symptom.

Answer: A Explanation: A sign is an objective finding that can be discovered by an objective examination, whereas a symptom is experiences of the patient resulting from a disease. The symptom might be the patient feels that their heart is racing so the blood pressure is a measure for the sign of increased pressure.

Page Ref: 72 Question Type: Medical Terms Introduction Objective: 5 Taxonomy: Applying 41) A disease or illness that develops slowly and lasts a long time, perhaps for years, is called a(n) illness or disease.

A) traumatic B) acute C) infectious D) chronic Answer: D Explanation: The correct answer is "chronic." This is as opposed to an acute illness that is of short duration, often with a sharp effect. Trauma is due to physical injury, and infection is caused by microorganisms.

Page Ref: 72 Question Type: Medical Terms Introduction Objective: 5 Taxonomy: Remembering 42) A statement of the probable outcome of a disease or illness is termed: A) diagnosis.

B) prognosis.

C) pathology.

D) symptom.

Answer: B Explanation: The correct answer is "prognosis." This constructed word contains the word parts pro-, which means "before," and -gnosis, which means "knowledge."

Page Ref: 73 Question Type: Medical Terms Introduction Objective: 5 Taxonomy: Applying

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43) A procedure that uses multiple x-rays to produce three-dimensional diagnostic images is: A) MRI. B) CT scan.

C) endoscopy.

D) ultrasound.

Answer: B Explanation: "CT scan" is correct. This is also abbreviated CAT scan. The acronym is for computed axial tomography, which utilizes the root tom, meaning "cut." An endoscopy uses a special camera to take images inside the body, an ultrasound uses sound waves to produce an image, and an MRI uses magnets to produce images.

Page Ref: 74 Question Type: Medical Terms Introduction Objective: 6 Taxonomy: Remembering 44) Which of the following terms literally means "the study of nature"?

Answer: physiology Page Ref: 59 Question Type: Anatomy and Physiology Introduction Objective: 4 Taxonomy: Remembering 45) Tissues are composed of similar groups of .

Answer: cells Page Ref: 59 Question Type: Anatomy and Physiology Introduction Objective: 2 Taxonomy: Remembering 46) The process of maintaining internal stability is called Answer: homeostasis Page Ref: 59 Question Type: Medical Terms Introduction Objective: 5 Taxonomy: Remembering

.

47) When similar cells are arranged or grouped together, they create a Answer: tissue Page Ref: 59 Question Type: Anatomy and Physiology Introduction Objective: 2 Taxonomy: Remembering

15

.

48) are made of tissues, have a characteristic shape, and perform a specific function.

The heart, lungs, kidneys, and stomach are examples.

Answer: Organs Page Ref: 59 Question Type: Anatomy and Physiology Introduction Objective: 2 Taxonomy: Remembering 49) When a group of organs works together to perform a common function, this is called an organ .

Answer: system Page Ref: 59 Question Type: Anatomy and Physiology Introduction Objective: 2 Taxonomy: Remembering 50) Joints are part of what body system?

Answer: musculoskeletal, skeletal Page Ref: 62 Question Type: Anatomy and Physiology Introduction Objective: 2 Taxonomy: Remembering 51) The arteries, veins, and heart make up the system.

Answer: cardiovascular Page Ref: 61 Question Type: Anatomy and Physiology Introduction Objective: 2 Taxonomy: Remembering 52) The system is composed of the lungs, bronchi, trachea, larynx, pharynx, and nose.

Answer: respiratory Page Ref: 61 Question Type: Anatomy and Physiology Introduction Objective: 2 Taxonomy: Remembering 53) The liver, gallbladder, pancreas, and intestines are all considered part of the system.

Answer: digestive Page Ref: 61 Question Type: Anatomy and Physiology Introduction Objective: 2 Taxonomy: Remembering

16

54) Organs of the male and female systems include the ovaries, testes, penis, and vagina.

Answer: reproductive Page Ref: 61 and 62 Question Type: Anatomy and Physiology Introduction Objective: 2 Taxonomy: Remembering 55) The skin, hair, and nails are considered part of the Answer: integumentary Page Ref: 62 Question Type: Anatomy and Physiology Introduction Objective: 2 Taxonomy: Remembering

system.

56) The kidneys, ureters, urinary bladder, and urethra are all part of the Answer: urinary Page Ref: 61 Question Type: Anatomy and Physiology Introduction Objective: 2 Taxonomy: Remembering

system.

57) The system includes the brain, spinal cord, and nerves.

Answer: nervous Page Ref: 62 Question Type: Anatomy and Physiology Introduction Objective: 2 Taxonomy: Remembering 58) What directional term is used to designate a location away from the head or toward the lower part of the body?

Answer: inferior Page Ref: 64 Question Type: Anatomy and Physiology Introduction Objective: 3 Taxonomy: Remembering 59) Which plane divides the body into right and left sides?

Answer: sagittal Page Ref: 65 Question Type: Anatomy and Physiology Introduction Objective: 3 Taxonomy: Remembering

17

60) The term means "toward the lower part of the body."

Answer: inferior Page Ref: 64 Question Type: Anatomy and Physiology Introduction Objective: 3 Taxonomy: Remembering 61) The term means "toward the body surface."

Answer: superficial Page Ref: 64 Question Type: Anatomy and Physiology Introduction Objective: 3 Taxonomy: Remembering 62) The term means "toward the origin of attachment to the trunk."

Answer: proximal Page Ref: 64 Question Type: Anatomy and Physiology Introduction Objective: 3 Taxonomy: Remembering 63) The term means "toward the side."

Answer: lateral Page Ref: 64 Question Type: Anatomy and Physiology Introduction Objective: 3 Taxonomy: Remembering 64) The term means "away from the origin of attachment to the trunk."

Answer: distal Page Ref: 64 Question Type: Anatomy and Physiology Introduction Objective: 3 Taxonomy: Remembering 65) The plane is a horizontal plane dividing the body into upper and lower portions.

Answer: transverse Page Ref: 65 Question Type: Anatomy and Physiology Introduction Objective: 3 Taxonomy: Remembering

18

66) The term digit refers to a(n) or a toe.

Answer: finger Page Ref: 65 Question Type: Anatomy and Physiology Introduction Objective: 3 Taxonomy: Remembering 67) The term brachium refers to the upper .

Answer: arm Page Ref: 65 Question Type: Anatomy and Physiology Introduction Objective: 3 Taxonomy: Remembering 68) The head, arms, and legs are known as upper and lower limbs or Answer: appendages Page Ref: 65 Question Type: Anatomy and Physiology Introduction Objective: 3 Taxonomy: Remembering

.

69) The is the main organ found inside the cranial cavity.

Answer: brain Page Ref: 67 Question Type: Anatomy and Physiology Introduction Objective: 2 Taxonomy: Remembering 70) The muscular partition that divides the ventral cavity into upper and lower parts is called the .

Answer: diaphragm Page Ref: 67 Question Type: Anatomy and Physiology Introduction Objective: 2 Taxonomy: Remembering 71) The medical term for the chest cavity is the Answer: thoracic Page Ref: 67 Question Type: Anatomy and Physiology Introduction Objective: 2 Taxonomy: Remembering

19

cavity.

72) The thoracic and abdominopelvic cavities are both parts of the Answer: ventral Page Ref: 67 Question Type: Anatomy and Physiology Introduction Objective: 2 Taxonomy: Remembering

cavity.

73) The study of disease is called .

Answer: pathology Page Ref: 71 Question Type: Medical Terms Introduction Objective: 5 Taxonomy: Remembering 74) The identification of a disease is called Answer: diagnosis Page Ref: 71 Question Type: Medical Terms Introduction Objective: 5 Taxonomy: Remembering 75) A(n) is a disease-related feeling the patient describes to the doctor, such as pain or loss of appetite.

Answer: symptom Page Ref: 71 Question Type: Medical Terms Introduction Objective: 5 Taxonomy: Remembering 76) A(n) is a disease-related change that the doctor can directly observe, such as body temperature.

Answer: sign Page Ref: 72 Question Type: Medical Terms Introduction Objective: 5 Taxonomy: Remembering 77) A(n) disease has a long duration.

Answer: chronic Page Ref: 72 Question Type: Medical Terms Introduction Objective: 5 Taxonomy: Remembering

20

78) What term is used to describe a disease process caused by bacteria or other microorganisms?

Answer: infection Page Ref: 72 Question Type: Medical Terms Introduction Objective: 5 Taxonomy: Remembering 79) Viewing internal structures using a camera at the end of a tube is called Answer: endoscopy Page Ref: 73 Question Type: Medical Terms Introduction Objective: 6 Taxonomy: Evaluating

.

80) A(n) is a prediction about the probable outcome of a disease.

Answer: prognosis Page Ref: 73 Question Type: Medical Terms Introduction Objective: 5 Taxonomy: Remembering 81) When microorganisms like bacteria, viruses, or fungi attack the body, this is called a(n) .

Answer: infection Page Ref: 72 Question Type: Medical Terms Introduction Objective: 5 Taxonomy: Remembering 82) is a procedure where a long, flexible camera is used to view the internal structures of the body.

Answer: Endoscopy Page Ref: 73 Question Type: Medical Terms Introduction Objective: 6 Taxonomy: Remembering 83) The acronym/abbreviation for a scan that uses radioactive-labeled glucose to create an image of internal structures is scan.

Answer: PET Page Ref: 74 Question Type: Medical Terms Introduction Objective: 6 Taxonomy: Remembering

21

84) The acronym/abbreviation for a test that uses magnets to produce images of the body's internal anatomy is .

Answer: MRI Page Ref: 75 Question Type: Medical Terms Introduction Objective: 6 Taxonomy: Remembering 85) Sonography or imaging is a test that uses sound waves to produce diagnostic images.

Answer: ultrasound Page Ref: 76 Question Type: Medical Terms Introduction Objective: 6 Taxonomy: Remembering 86) The word anatomy means "the process of cutting up."

Answer: TRUE Page Ref: 58 Question Type: Anatomy and Physiology Introduction Objective: 4 Taxonomy: Applying 87) The smallest living structure in the body is a tissue.

Answer: FALSE Explanation: From smallest to more complex, the building blocks are atom, molecule, organelle, cell, tissues, organ, system. Atoms, molecules, and organelles are nonliving. The simplest or most basic living form is the cell.

Page Ref: 59 Question Type: Anatomy and Physiology Introduction Objective: 2 Taxonomy: Remembering 88) Kidneys are the major organs of the endocrine system.

Answer: FALSE Explanation: The kidneys are part of the urinary system. The endocrine system includes our glands, which secrete hormones.

Page Ref: 62 Question Type: Anatomy and Physiology Introduction Objective: 2 Taxonomy: Remembering

22

89) The term superior means "toward the head end or upper part of the body."

Answer: TRUE Page Ref: 64 Question Type: Anatomy and Physiology Introduction Objective: 3 Taxonomy: Remembering 90) Proximal and distal are terms used to describe locations on the arms and legs.

Answer: TRUE Page Ref: 64 Question Type: Anatomy and Physiology Introduction Objective: 3 Taxonomy: Remembering 91) A transverse plane divides the body into right and left sides.

Answer: FALSE Explanation: The transverse plane is the only horizontal plane that divides the body into top/bottom or superior/inferior portions. The vertical planes are frontal dividing into anterior/posterior and sagittal dividing into right/left.

Page Ref: 65 Question Type: Anatomy and Physiology Introduction Objective: 3 Taxonomy: Remembering 92) The thoracic region is located at the chest.

Answer: TRUE Page Ref: 65 Question Type: Anatomy and Physiology Introduction Objective: 3 Taxonomy: Remembering 93) The brain is located in the ventral cavity.

Answer: FALSE Explanation: The two main body cavities are the ventral located anteriorly and the dorsal located posteriorly. The dorsal cavity is further subdivided with the cranial cavity containing the brain.

Page Ref: 67 Question Type: Anatomy and Physiology Introduction Objective: 2 Taxonomy: Remembering

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94) Dizziness as reported by a patient is considered a sign.

Answer: FALSE Explanation: A sign is an objective finding that can be discovered by an objective examination, whereas a symptom is experiences of the patient resulting from a disease. The symptom might be the patient feels dizzy. One sign the health care provider might look for is decreased blood pressure.

Page Ref: 72 Question Type: Medical Terms Introduction Objective: 5 Taxonomy: Applying 95) A disease is called acute when it starts abruptly and has a short duration.

Answer: TRUE Page Ref: 72 Question Type: Medical Terms Introduction Objective: 5 Taxonomy: Remembering 96) The combining form physi/o means "nature," and the suffix -logy means "study or learning of."

Answer: FALSE Explanation: The suffix -logy means "study or science of."

Page Ref: 59 Question Type: Organization of the Body Word Building Objective: 1 Taxonomy: Remembering 97) The combining form home/o means "sameness, unchanging," and -stasis is a suffix that means "standing still."

Answer: TRUE Page Ref: 59 Question Type: Organization of the Body Word Building Objective: 1 Taxonomy: Remembering 98) The body position that is commonly used as a reference is known as the anatomical position.

It is an erect posture with the face downward, arms at the sides, palms of the hands facing forward, and legs together with the feet pointing forward.

Answer: FALSE Explanation: The body position that is commonly used as a reference is known as the anatomical position. It is an erect posture with the face forward, arms at the sides, palms of the hands facing forward, and legs together with the feet pointing forward.

Page Ref: 63 Question Type: Anatomy and Physiology Objective: 3 Taxonomy: Remembering 24

99) The quadrants are the right upper quadrant (RUQ), left upper quadrant (LUQ), right lower quadrant (RLQ), and left lower quadrant (LLQ). The quadrants are in common clinical use.

Answer: TRUE Page Ref: 66 Question Type: Anatomy and Physiology Objective: 3 Taxonomy: Remembering 100) The term abdominopelvic contains five word parts and is written ab/domin/o/pelv/ic.

Answer: FALSE Explanation: The term abdominopelvic contains four word parts and is written abdomin/o/pelv/ic.

Page Ref: 67 Question Type: Word Building Objective: 1 Taxonomy: Applying

25

Match the combining form with the correct definition.

A) chest B) cell C) skull D) distant E) abdomen F) to cut G) same H) bowl, basin I) neck J) tail 101) abdomin/o 102) caud/o 103) cervic/o 104) crani/o 105) cyt/o 106) dist/o 107) home/o 108) pelv/o 109) thorac/o 110) tom/o Answers: 101) E 102) J 103) I 104) C 105) B 106) D 107) G 108) H 109) A 110) F

26

Medical Terminology Complete! 4e (Wingerd) Chapter 5 The Integumentary System 1) The combining form that means "nail" is: A) myc/o.

B) cutane/o.

C) dermat/o.

D) onych/o.

Answer: D Explanation: The combining form that means "nail" is onych/o. The other combining forms mean myc/o, "fungus;" and cutane/o and dermat/o, "skin."

Page Ref: 80 Question Type: Word Building Objective: 1 Taxonomy: Remembering 2) Select the combining form that means "skin."

A) Kerat/o B) Seb/o C) Aden/o D) Cutane/o Answer: D Explanation: Cutane/o means "skin." The other combining forms mean kerat/o, "hard;" seb/o, "oil;" and aden/o, "gland."

Page Ref: 80 Question Type: Word Building Objective: 1 Taxonomy: Remembering 3) An abscess is defined as: A) the formation of local hard areas on the skin or elsewhere.

B) a collection of pus from a localized infection.

C) a skin wound caused by scraping.

D) a closed sac or pouch containing fluid.

Answer: B Explanation: An abscess is caused by an infection that produces a mixture of bacteria, white blood cells, damaged tissue, and fluids collectively known as pus. A localized hard area of the skin is an induration, a wound caused by scraping is an abrasion, and a sac containing fluid is a cyst.

Page Ref: 82 Question Type: Signs and Symptoms of the Integumentary System Objective: 2 Taxonomy: Remembering

1

4) The medical term for a scrape is: A) abscess.

B) abrasion.

C) albinism.

D) alopecia.

Answer: B Explanation: An abrasion is a superficial wound due to scraping. An abscess is a collection of pus from an infection. Albinism is a genetic disease of decreased pigmentation. Alopecia is the condition of baldness.

Page Ref: 82 Question Type: Signs and Symptoms of the Integumentary System Objective: 2 Taxonomy: Remembering 5) The medical term for a physician specializing in the integumentary system is: A) dermatitis.

B) dermatologist.

C) dermatology.

D) dermatoplasty.

Answer: B Explanation: The combining form dermat/o is connected to the -logist, meaning "one who studies skin." Dermatitis is a condition of inflamed skin, dermatology is the study of skin, and dermatoplasty is surgical repair of the skin.

Page Ref: 82 Question Type: Signs and Symptoms of the Integumentary System Objective: 3 Taxonomy: Applying 6) After falling down the stairs, a patient comes to the Emergency Department with multiple purplish patches on the skin caused by leaking blood vessels. The physician would document that the patient has multiple: A) abrasions.

B) contusions.

C) petechiae.

D) lesions.

Answer: B Explanation: The fall leads to trauma of the tissues and leakage of the blood vessels called contusions, commonly known as bruises. Petechiae produce similar discoloration but are a sign of a circulatory disorder, not trauma. With contusions, the skin is not broken as it is with abrasions and lesions.

Page Ref: 83 Question Type: Signs and Symptoms of the Integumentary System Objective: 2 Taxonomy: Applying

2

7) The medical term for swelling is: A) ecchymosis.

B) edema.

C) erythema.

D) eczema.

Answer: B Explanation: Edema is the medical term for swelling. Erythema is redness, ecchymosis is purplish patches, and eczema is a superficial skin dermatitis.

Page Ref: 84 Question Type: Signs and Symptoms of the Integumentary System Objective: 2 Taxonomy: Remembering 8) The medical term for red discoloration of the skin is: A) jaundice.

B) pallor.

C) leukoderma.

D) erythema.

Answer: D Explanation: All of the answer choices indicate a color. Breaking down the terms assists in obtaining the answer: eryth, "red;" jaune, "yellow;" leuk/o, "white;" and pallor, "pale."

Page Ref: 84 Question Type: Signs and Symptoms of the Integumentary System Objective: 2 Taxonomy: Remembering 9) The medical term for a pimple is: A) wheal.

B) vesicle.

C) petechiae.

D) comedo.

Answer: D Explanation: Comedo is the medical term for pimple. Petechiae are purplish colorations due to circulatory disorder. Wheal is a symptom of an allergic skin reaction. Vesicle is a small fluidfilled skin elevation.

Page Ref: 83 Question Type: Signs and Symptoms of the Integumentary System Objective: 2 Taxonomy: Remembering

3

10) An injury to the skin caused by a tear or cut is known as a(n): A) fissure.

B) ecchymosis.

C) vesicle.

D) laceration.

Answer: D Explanation: A laceration is typically due to trauma such as a tear or cut. A fissure is a narrow break or slit in the skin due to disease. An ecchymosis is a purplish skin discoloration. A vesicle is a small fluid-filled skin elevation.

Page Ref: 85 Question Type: Signs and Symptoms of the Integumentary System Objective: 2 Taxonomy: Remembering 11) The patient's skin had a yellowish coloration. The health care provider should chart that the skin: A) had induration.

B) had pallor.

C) was jaundiced.

D) was erythematous.

Answer: C Explanation: The French word jaune means "yellow." Abnormal yellow coloration of the skin and eyes is called jaundice. Induration refers to a local hard area on the skin, pallor refers to abnormal paleness of the skin, and erythematous refers to redness of the skin.

Page Ref: 85 Question Type: Signs and Symptoms of the Integumentary System Objective: 2 Taxonomy: Applying 12) The medical term for a cut or tear of the skin is: A) keloid.

B) ulcer.

C) laceration.

D) abrasion.

Answer: C Explanation: A laceration is a tear or cut in the skin. An abrasion is a scrape. An ulcer is secondary to skin breakdown. A keloid develops during scar healing.

Page Ref: 86 Question Type: Signs and Symptoms of the Integumentary System Objective: 2 Taxonomy: Remembering

4

13) A small, solid, skin elevation is a: A) macule.

B) nevus.

C) vesicle.

D) papule.

Answer: D Explanation: A papule is solid skin elevation, such as a pimple. A vesicle is fluid filled skin elevation, such as a blister. A nevus and macule are both discolored spots.

Page Ref: 86 Question Type: Signs and Symptoms of the Integumentary System Objective: 2 Taxonomy: Remembering 14) The medical term for itchy skin is: A) papule.

B) pallor.

C) pediculosis.

D) pruritus.

Answer: D Explanation: Pruritus is a Latin term meaning "an itching." Pediculosis is head lice. A papule is a small, solid skin elevation. Pallor is an abnormally pale color of the skin.

Page Ref: 86 Question Type: Signs and Symptoms of the Integumentary System Objective: 2 Taxonomy: Remembering 15) The medical term for a mole is: A) verruca.

B) vesicle.

C) nevus.

D) comedo.

Answer: C Explanation: Nevus is a benign pigmented tumor. A vesicle is a small, fluid-filled skin elevation. A verruca is a wart. A comedo is a pimple.

Page Ref: 86 Question Type: Signs and Symptoms of the Integumentary System Objective: 2 Taxonomy: Remembering

5

16) Select the term with the correct spelling.

A) Pruritis B) Pruritus C) Pruitus D) Pruitis Answer: B Explanation: While pruritus ("an itching") sounds like a constructed term that uses the suffix itis, it is actually a nonconstructed Latin term. The correct spelling of pruritus has a u near the end.

Page Ref: 86 Question Type: Spelling Objective: 4 Taxonomy: Evaluating 17) The medical term for hives is: A) albinism.

B) eczema.

C) psoriasis.

D) urticaria.

Answer: D Explanation: Hives or urticaria are small fluid-filled skin elevations due to an allergic reaction.

Eczema, psoriasis, and albinism are other skin conditions that do not present with hives.

Page Ref: 87 Question Type: Signs and Symptoms of the Integumentary System Objective: 2 Taxonomy: Remembering 18) The medical term for a blister is: A) fissure.

B) vesicle.

C) macule.

D) folliculitis.

Answer: B Explanation: A vesicle is filled with fluid, as in a blister. A fissure is a narrow break or slit in the skin. A macule is a discolored flat spot on the skin surface. Folliculitis is a follicle infection.

Page Ref: 88 Question Type: Signs and Symptoms of the Integumentary System Objective: 2 Taxonomy: Remembering

6

19) Select the combining form that means "white."

A) Leuk/o B) Erythr/o C) Jaund/o D) Melan/o Answer: A Explanation: The combining form leuk/o means "white. " Erythr/o means "red" and melan/o means "black." Jaund/o is not a combining form, but it sounds similar to the term jaundice, which refers to a yellow coloration of the skin.

Page Ref: 89 Question Type: Word Building Objective: 1 Taxonomy: Remembering 20) This disease is characterized by bacterial infection of the sebaceous oil glands in the skin.

A) Tinea B) Acne C) Psoriasis D) Eczema Answer: B Explanation: Acne is a bacterial infection of the sebaceous glands and ducts, and it common in adolescence. Eczema is a superficial form of dermatitis. Psoriasis is a painful, chronic disease of the skin characterized by red lesions covered with silvery epidermal scales. Tinea is a fungal infection of the skin.

Page Ref: 89 Question Type: Diseases and Disorders of the Integumentary System Objective: 2 Taxonomy: Remembering 21) The suffix that means "discharge" is: A) -malacia.

B) -rrhea.

C) -oma.

D) -itis.

Answer: B Explanation: The suffix that means "discharge" is -rrhea. The other suffixes mean -malacia, "softening;" -oma, "tumor;" and -itis, "inflammation."

Page Ref: 89 Question Type: Word Building Objective: 1 Taxonomy: Remembering

7

22) This is a precancerous condition of the skin in which exposure to sunlight causes scaly lesions to form.

A) Actinic keratosis B) Acne C) Albinism D) Seborrheic dermatitis Answer: A Explanation: Actinic keratosis is a constructed term in which actinic is Greek for "pertaining to light rays," and keratosis means "a condition of keratin." Acne is a skin condition resulting from bacterial infection of the sebaceous glands and ducts. Albinism is a genetic condition characterized by a reduction in the pigment melanin. Seborrheic dermatitis is an inherited form of dermatitis characterized by excessive sebum production.

Page Ref: 90 Question Type: Diseases and Disorders of the Integumentary System Objective: 2 Taxonomy: Remembering 23) This type of burn damages the epidermis and the dermis to the level of the subcutaneous layer.

A) Deep B) Partial thickness C) Full thickness D) First degree Answer: C Explanation: Burns are currently classified as partial thickness, superficial; partial thickness, deep; and full thickness. Full thickness is the most severe, and it damages the epidermis and dermis to the subcutaneous layer. Deep partial thickness burns penetrate to the dermis, while superficial partial thickness burns only damage the epidermis. Burns are no longer classified as first, second, third, or fourth degree.

Page Ref: 90 Question Type: Diseases and Disorders of the Integumentary System Objective: 2 Taxonomy: Remembering 24) Select the combining form that means "cancer."

A) Cutane/o B) Crypt/o C) Cellul/o D) Carcin/o Answer: D Explanation: The combining form that means "cancer" is carcin/o. The other combining forms mean cutane/o, "skin;" crypt/o, "hidden;" and cellul/o, "little cell."

Page Ref: 89 Question Type: Diseases and Disorders of the Integumentary System Objective: 1 Taxonomy: Remembering 8

25) Inflammation of the connective tissue in the dermis due to an infection is known as: A) scabies.

B) cellulitis.

C) paronychia.

D) albinism.

Answer: B Explanation: The root cellul means "cell" and the suffix -itis, "inflammation." Albinism is a genetic condition characterized by a reduction in the pigment melanin. Paronychia is an infection around the nail. Scabies is a skin eruption caused by the female itch mite.

Page Ref: 92 Question Type: Diseases and Disorders of the Integumentary System Objective: 2 Taxonomy: Remembering 26) In this disease, the skin becomes inflamed due to contact with a triggering substance, such as poison ivy.

A) Seborrheic dermatitis B) Contact dermatitis C) Stasis dermatitis D) Actinic dermatitis Answer: B Explanation: In all choices, the root dermat means "skin" and -itis means "inflammation."

Contact dermatitis is caused by contact with a triggering substance. Stasis means "standing still;" seborrheic, "sebum;" and actinic, "exposure to light through term breakdown."

Page Ref: 92 Question Type: Diseases and Disorders of the Integumentary System Objective: 2 Taxonomy: Remembering 27) Select the term with the correct spelling.

A) Eczema B) Aczema C) Ecsema D) Exema Answer: A Explanation: Eczema is correct, pronounced "EK zeh mah."

Page Ref: 92 Question Type: Spelling Objective: 4 Taxonomy: Evaluating

9

28) The correct meaning of the suffix in the term dermatitis is: A) inflammation.

B) softening.

C) skin.

D) disease.

Answer: A Explanation: The suffix meaning inflammation is located at the end of the term, -itis.

Page Ref: 89 Question Type: Diseases and Disorders of the Integumentary System Objective: 2 Taxonomy: Applying 29) A form of skin cancer that is a common sign of AIDS is: A) squamous cell carcinoma.

B) basal cell carcinoma.

C) Kaposi's sarcoma.

D) malignant melanoma.

Answer: C Explanation: Kaposi's sarcoma is a form of skin cancer arising from the connective tissue of the dermis; it is a common condition associated with HIV/AIDS. Basal and squamous cell carcinomas are tumors arising from the epidermis that remain localized. Malignant melanoma is the most life-threatening skin cancer, arising from cells that normally provide the pigment melanin.

Page Ref: 94 Question Type: Diseases and Disorders of the Integumentary System Objective: 2 Taxonomy: Applying 30) Impetigo is defined as a: A) condition in which a loss of pigment-producing cells results in whitish areas of skin.

B) fungal infection of the skin.

C) skin infection composed of a cluster of boils caused by staphylococci bacteria.

D) contagious skin infection characterized by blisters that later erupt to form a golden crust.

Answer: D Explanation: The Latin term impetigo means "scabby eruption," and it is a contagious skin infection with blisters that rupture to form golden crusts.

Page Ref: 94 Question Type: Diseases and Disorders of the Integumentary System Objective: 2 Taxonomy: Remembering

10

31) The word root that means "nail" is: A) trich.

B) pachy.

C) scler.

D) onych.

Answer: D Explanation: The word foot that means "nail" is onych. The other word roots mean trich, "hair;" and scler, "hard." Pachy is not a word root.

Page Ref: 89 Question Type: Word Building Objective: 1 Taxonomy: Remembering 32) The definition of the suffix -malacia is: A) softening.

B) excessive discharge.

C) inflammation.

D) abnormal state.

Answer: A Explanation: The definition of the suffix -malacia is "softening. " The suffix for "inflammation" is -itis; "discharge," -rrhea; and "condition of," -ia.

Page Ref: 89 Question Type: Word Building Objective: 1 Taxonomy: Remembering 33) This is a skin cancer that arises from pigment-producing cells. Its name means "black tumor."

A) Kaposi's sarcoma B) Squamous cell carcinoma C) Basal cell carcinoma D) Melanoma Answer: D Explanation: The root melan means "black" and refers to melanin, which produces pigmentation of the skin. The suffix -oma means "tumor." Kaposi's sarcoma is a form of skin cancer arising from the connective tissue of the dermis. Basal and squamous cell carcinomas are tumors arising from the epidermis that remain localized.

Page Ref: 95 Question Type: Diseases and Disorders of the Integumentary System Objective: 3 Taxonomy: Applying

11

34) The correct meaning of the root in the term melanoma is: A) skin.

B) black.

C) white.

D) red.

Answer: B Explanation: The word root melan means "black." The suffix -oma means "tumor." The root for "skin" is dermat, derm, or cutane; "white" is leuk; and "red" is eryth.

Page Ref: 89 Question Type: Word Building Objective: 2 Taxonomy: Remembering 35) The correct meaning of the suffix in the term melanoma is: A) to cut.

B) abnormal condition.

C) tumor.

D) disease.

Answer: C Explanation: The suffix meaning "tumor" is -oma. The suffix meaning "to cut" is -tome; "condition," -ia, -osis, and -ism; and "disease," -pathy.

Page Ref: 89 Question Type: Word Building Objective: 2 Taxonomy: Remembering 36) The combining form myc/o means: A) wrinkles.

B) nail.

C) fungus.

D) thick.

Answer: C Explanation: The combining form myc/o means "fungus." The combining form for "nail" is onych/o, "wrinkles" is rhytid/o, and "hard" is scler/o.

Page Ref: 89 Question Type: Word Building Objective: 1 Taxonomy: Remembering

12

37) A chronic skin condition characterized by red lesions with silvery scales is known as: A) herpes.

B) cellulitis.

C) pediculosis.

D) psoriasis.

Answer: D Explanation: Psoriasis is a chronic skin condition characterized by red lesions with silvery scales. Pediculosis is primarily on the scalp as head lice, herpes consists of deep blisters, and cellulitis is an inflammatory skin infection.

Page Ref: 96 Question Type: Diseases and Disorders of the Integumentary System Objective: 2 Taxonomy: Remembering 38) Which of the following terms is spelled correctly?

A) Emolient B) Abcess C) Onchyomalacia D) Paronychia Answer: D Explanation: Paronychia is spelled correctly. The correct spellings of the other terms are onychomalacia, abscess, and emollient.

Page Ref: 96 Question Type: Spelling Objective: 4 Taxonomy: Evaluating 39) The medical term for a fungal infection of the nails is: A) onychocryptosis.

B) onychopathy.

C) onychomalacia.

D) onychomycosis.

Answer: D Explanation: Onych/o is the combining form for "nail," myc is the word root for "fungus," -osis is the suffix for "condition of." Onychocryptosis is an ingrown nail, onychopathy is disease of the nail, and onychomalacia is softening of the nail.

Page Ref: 95 Question Type: Diseases and Disorders of the Integumentary System Objective: 3 Taxonomy: Applying

13

40) In the condition , the individual suffers from excessive perspiration.

A) impetigo B) acne C) eczema D) hyperhidrosis Answer: D Explanation: Hyperhidrosis is the condition of excessive sweating. Eczema causes flaky skin, impetigo causes crusty golden lesions, and acne causes raised pimples or comedos.

Page Ref: 95 Question Type: Diseases and Disorders of the Integumentary System Objective: 2 Taxonomy: Remembering 41) Select the term with the correct spelling.

A) Psoariasis B) Soriasis C) Psoriasis D) Soariasis Answer: C Explanation: Psoriasis is a very commonly misspelled term. It is one of the medical terms that is spelled with a silent p. One way to remember the spelling is to think of the patches of red lesions that characterize this condition.

Page Ref: 96 Question Type: Spelling Objective: 4 Taxonomy: Evaluating 42) The medical term for athlete's foot is: A) tinea capitis.

B) tinea versicolor.

C) tinea pedis.

D) tinea corporis.

Answer: C Explanation: Tinea pedis is athlete's foot. Tinea capitis forms on the scalp, and tinea corporis occurs elsewhere on the body. The root ped refers to "foot;" cap, "head;" and corpor, "body."

Tinea versicolor is not one of the three major forms of tinea.

Page Ref: 98 Question Type: Diseases and Disorders of the Integumentary System Objective: 3 Taxonomy: Applying

14

43) This disease is characterized by an abnormal thickening and hardening of the skin.

A) Leukoderma B) Scleroderma C) Scabies D) Cellulitis Answer: B Explanation: The combining form scler/o means "hard," and the root derma means "skin."

Leukoderma is characterized by a lightening of the color of the skin. Cellulitis is an inflammation of the connective tissue in the dermis. Scabies is a skin eruption caused by the female itch mite.

Page Ref: 97 Question Type: Diseases and Disorders of the Integumentary System Objective: 3 Taxonomy: Applying 44) Select the combining form that means "dry."

A) Scler/o B) Xer/o C) Kerat/o D) Crypt/o Answer: B Explanation: The combining form that means "dry" is xer/o. The other combining forms mean scler/o, "hard;" kerat/o, "hard;" and crypt/o, "hidden."

Page Ref: 89 Question Type: Word Building Objective: 1 Taxonomy: Remembering 45) This is a minor surgery involving the removal of tissue for evaluation.

A) Dermatoplasty B) Dermabrasion C) Rhytidectomy D) Biopsy Answer: D Explanation: A biopsy is a minor surgery involving the removal of tissue for evaluation.

Breaking down the other terms leads to their meaning: dermat/o/plasty, "surgical repair of the skin;" rhytid/ectomy, "surgical removal of wrinkles;" and derm/abras/ion, "cosmetic surgery changing skin texture and appearance."

Page Ref: 100 Question Type: Treatments, Procedures, and Devices of the Integumentary System Objective: 3 Taxonomy: Applying

15

46) The medical suffix that means "instrument to cut" is: A) -opsy.

B) -tome.

C) -osis.

D) -malacia.

Answer: B Explanation: The medical suffix that means "instrument to cut" is -tome. The other suffixes mean -osis, "condition of;" -opsy, "view of;" and -malacia, "softening."

Page Ref: 100 Question Type: Treatments, Procedures, and Devices of the Integumentary System Objective: 1 Taxonomy: Remembering 47) This procedure involves the use of sandpaper-like abrasives for the removal of unwanted scars or tattoos.

A) Rhytidectomy B) Liposuction C) Debridement D) Dermabrasion Answer: D Explanation: Dermabrasion involves the use of sandpaper-like abrasives for the removal of unwanted scars or tattoos. The root derm means "skin;" the root abras, "to rub away;" and the suffix -ion, "process." Debridement is a procedure for cleaning a wound, liposuction is the removal of subcutaneous fat, and a rhytidectomy is plastic surgery.

Page Ref: 101 Question Type: Treatments, Procedures, and Devices of the Integumentary System Objective: 2 Taxonomy: Applying 48) Which of the following medical terms is spelled correctly?

A) Rhytidoplasty B) Sebacious C) Zeroderma D) Oncyhomalacia Answer: A Explanation: Rhytidoplasty is spelled correctly. The other terms should be spelled sebaceous, xeroderma, and onychomalacia.

Page Ref: 102 Question Type: Spelling Objective: 4 Taxonomy: Evaluating

16

49) The correct meaning of the suffix in the term rhytidoplasty is: A) skin.

B) wrinkle.

C) disease.

D) surgical removal.

Answer: D Explanation: The suffix meaning "surgical removal" is located at the end of the word, -plasty.

The root is rhytid means "wrinkle."

Page Ref: 102 Question Type: Word Building Objective: 2 Taxonomy: Applying 50) Your patient has just had minor surgery involving removal of tissue for evaluation. The correct abbreviation for this procedure is: A) SLE. B) TBSA. C) BCC. D) Bx. Answer: D Explanation: Bx or bx stands for biopsy. BCC stands for basal cell carcinoma, SLE stands for systemic lupus erythematosus, and TBSA stands for total body surface area.

Page Ref: 103 Question Type: Abbreviations Objective: 2 Taxonomy: Applying 51) The word roots that mean "skin" are derm, dermat, and Answer: cutane Page Ref: 80 Question Type: Word Building Objective: 1 Taxonomy: Remembering 52) The outermost layer of the skin is the Answer: epidermis Page Ref: 80 Question Type: Anatomy and Physiology Objective: 3 Taxonomy: Remembering

.

17

.

53) A patient comes into the clinic complaining of lumpy fat on her thighs. When the doctor examines her, the skin in the thighs appears uneven due to fat deposits there. The medical term for areas with this appearance is .

Answer: cellulite Page Ref: 83 Question Type: Signs and Symptoms of the Integumentary System Objective: 2 Taxonomy: Evaluating 54) The medical term for bruise is .

Answer: contusion Page Ref: 83 Question Type: Signs and Symptoms of the Integumentary System Objective: 4 Taxonomy: Remembering 55) The medical term for discolored flat spot on the skin is .

Answer: macule Page Ref: 86 Question Type: Signs and Symptoms of the Integumentary System Objective: 2 Taxonomy: Remembering 56) The medical term for abnormal yellow skin coloration is Answer: jaundice Page Ref: 85 Question Type: Signs and Symptoms of the Integumentary System Objective: 2 Taxonomy: Evaluating

.

57) Induration occurs when a local area of the skin becomes Answer: hard Page Ref: 85 Question Type: Signs and Symptoms of the Integumentary System Objective: 2 Taxonomy: Remembering

.

58) Pruritus is the symptom of skin.

Answer: itchy Page Ref: 86 Question Type: Signs and Symptoms of the Integumentary System Objective: 2 Taxonomy: Remembering

18

59) The medical term for a small solid bump on the skin is .

Answer: papule Page Ref: 86 Question Type: Signs and Symptoms of the Integumentary System Objective: 2 Taxonomy: Remembering 60) Pallor is an abnormally color of the skin.

Answer: pale Page Ref: 86 Question Type: Signs and Symptoms of the Integumentary System Objective: 2 Taxonomy: Remembering 61) The medical term for a wart is .

Answer: verruca Page Ref: 88 Question Type: Signs and Symptoms of the Integumentary System Objective: 2 Taxonomy: Remembering 62) An elevated area of skin filled with pus is a(n) or abscess.

Answer: pustule Page Ref: 87 Question Type: Signs and Symptoms of the Integumentary System Objective: 2 Taxonomy: Remembering 63) An erosion through the skin or mucous membrane is a(n) Answer: ulcer Page Ref: 87 Question Type: Signs and Symptoms of the Integumentary System Objective: 2 Taxonomy: Remembering 64) Urticaria is due to a(n) skin reaction.

Answer: allergic Page Ref: 87 Question Type: Signs and Symptoms of the Integumentary System Objective: 2 Taxonomy: Remembering

19

.

65) A 14-year-old boy presents at the clinic complaining of profuse pimples on his face, neck, and back. Examination reveals multiple comedones in each of these areas. The disease that this boy most likely has is .

Answer: acne Page Ref: 89 Question Type: Diseases and Disorders of the Integumentary System Objective: 2 Taxonomy: Applying 66) Alopecia is defined as loss of scalp .

Answer: hair Page Ref: 90 Question Type: Diseases and Disorders of the Integumentary System Objective: 2 Taxonomy: Remembering 67) A patient who has reduced or absent pigment in the skin has a genetic condition called .

Answer: albinism Page Ref: 90 Question Type: Diseases and Disorders of the Integumentary System Objective: 3 Taxonomy: Evaluating 68) An injury to the skin caused by excessive exposure to fire, electricity, chemicals, or sunlight is called a(n) .

Answer: burn Page Ref: 90 Question Type: Diseases and Disorders of the Integumentary System Objective: 2 Taxonomy: Remembering 69) The medical term for inflammation of the skin is .

Answer: dermatitis Page Ref: 92 Question Type: Diseases and Disorders of the Integumentary System Objective: 3 Taxonomy: Evaluating 70) Oral and genital are caused by a virus and are characterized by clusters of deep blisters that appear periodically.

Answer: herpes Page Ref: 93 Question Type: Diseases and Disorders of the Integumentary System Objective: 2 Taxonomy: Remembering 20

71) Kaposi's is a skin cancer commonly seen in individuals with HIV/AIDS. Answer: sarcoma Page Ref: 94 Question Type: Diseases and Disorders of the Integumentary System Objective: 2 Taxonomy: Evaluating 72) In the condition hyperhidrosis, a person suffers from excessive sweating or Answer: perspiration Page Ref: 93 Question Type: Diseases and Disorders of the Integumentary System Objective: 2 Taxonomy: Applying

.

73) A life-threatening black skin tumor is .

Answer: melanoma Page Ref: 95 Question Type: Diseases and Disorders of the Integumentary System Objective: 3 Taxonomy: Evaluating 74) Paronychia is infection around the beds.

Answer: nail Page Ref: 96 Question Type: Diseases and Disorders of the Integumentary System Objective: 2 Taxonomy: Applying 75) Mary is a 6-year-old girl who is sent home by the school nurse with a case of head lice. The medical term for this condition is .

Answer: pediculosis Page Ref: 96 Question Type: Diseases and Disorders of the Integumentary System Objective: 2 Taxonomy: Applying 76) Ringworm of the scalp is called tinea .

Answer: capitis Page Ref: 98 Question Type: Diseases and Disorders of the Integumentary System Objective: 2 Taxonomy: Applying

21

77) The medical term for ringworm is .

Answer: tinea Page Ref: 98 Question Type: Diseases and Disorders of the Integumentary System Objective: 1 Taxonomy: Remembering 78) The combining form that means "hair" is Answer: trich/o, tricho Page Ref: 89 Question Type: Word Building Objective: 1 Taxonomy: Remembering

.

79) The term for fungal infection of hair is .

Answer: trichomycosis Page Ref: 98 Question Type: Diseases and Disorders of the Integumentary System Objective: 3 Taxonomy: Evaluating 80) Abnormally dry skin is known as .

Answer: xeroderma Page Ref: 98 Question Type: Diseases and Disorders of the Integumentary System Objective: 3 Taxonomy: Evaluating 81) The suffix in the term trichopathy means Answer: disease Page Ref: 89 Question Type: Word Building Objective: 2 Taxonomy: Applying

.

82) The suffix that means "surgical removal" is Answer: -ectomy, ectomy Page Ref: 100 Question Type: Word Building Objective: 1 Taxonomy: Remembering

.

22

83) The medical term for cleaning a wound is .

Answer: debridement Page Ref: 100 Question Type: Treatments, Procedures, and Devices of the Integumentary System Objective: 2 Taxonomy: Remembering 84) An emollient is used to soften or the skin.

Answer: smooth Page Ref: 101 Question Type: Treatments, Procedures, and Devices of the Integumentary System Objective: 2 Taxonomy: Remembering 85) A(n) is an instrument used to cut the skin.

Answer: dermatome Page Ref: 101 Question Type: Treatments, Procedures, and Devices of the Integumentary System Objective: 3 Taxonomy: Evaluating 86) Rhytidoplasty is defined as surgical repair of skin .

Answer: wrinkles Page Ref: 102 Question Type: Treatments, Procedures, and Devices of the Integumentary System Objective: 2 Taxonomy: Applying 87) The abbreviation Bx means " Answer: biopsy Page Ref: 103 Question Type: Abbreviations Objective: 4 Taxonomy: Remembering

."

88) TBSA is the abbreviation for Answer: total body surface area Page Ref: 103 Question Type: Abbreviations Objective: 4 Taxonomy: Remembering

. (four words)

23

89) SLE is the abbreviation for . (three words) Answer: systemic lupus erythematosus Page Ref: 103 Question Type: Abbreviations Objective: 4 Taxonomy: Remembering Define the following combining forms and suffixes.

90) The combining form aut/o means " Answer: self Page Ref: 100 Question Type: Word Building Objective: 1 Taxonomy: Remembering 91) The suffix -osis means " Answer: condition of Page Ref: 89 Question Type: Word Building Objective: 1 Taxonomy: Remembering

."

."

92) The combining form trich/o means " Answer: hair Page Ref: 89 Question Type: Word Building Objective: 1 Taxonomy: Remembering

."

93) The combining form myc/o means " Answer: fungus Page Ref: 89 Question Type: Word Building Objective: 1 Taxonomy: Remembering

."

94) The combining form cyan/o means " Answer: blue Page Ref: 80 Question Type: Word Building Objective: 1 Taxonomy: Remembering

."

24

95) Softening of the nail Answer: onychomalacia Page Ref: 95 Question Type: Diseases and Disorders of the Integumentary System Objective: 3 Taxonomy: Evaluating 96) Dry skin Answer: xeroderma Page Ref: 98 Question Type: Diseases and Disorders of the Integumentary System Objective: 3 Taxonomy: Evaluating 97) Surgical repair of the skin Answer: dermatoplasty Page Ref: 101 Question Type: Treatments, Procedures, and Devices of the Integumentary System Objective: 3 Taxonomy: Evaluating 98) The word root kerat means "sebum or oil."

Answer: FALSE Page Ref: 80 Question Type: Word Building Objective: 1 Taxonomy: Remembering 99) A cicatrix is a pinpoint skin hemorrhage.

Answer: FALSE Page Ref: 83 Question Type: Signs and Symptoms of the Integumentary System Objective: 2 Taxonomy: Remembering 100) Redness of the skin is known as erythema.

Answer: TRUE Page Ref: 84 Question Type: Signs and Symptoms of the Integumentary System Objective: 1 Taxonomy: Remembering

25

101) The patient who is allergic to shellfish accidentally ingests some shrimp. The patient's skin should be observed for verruca.

Answer: FALSE Page Ref: 87 Question Type: Signs and Symptoms of the Integumentary System Objective: 2 Taxonomy: Applying 102) The combining form that means "cancer" is crypt/o.

Answer: FALSE Page Ref: 89 Question Type: Word Building Objective: 1 Taxonomy: Remembering 103) The suffix -ic means "pertaining to."

Answer: TRUE Page Ref: 89 Question Type: Word Building Objective: 1 Taxonomy: Remembering 104) An individual with hyperhidrosis experiences profuse perspiration.

Answer: TRUE Page Ref: 93 Question Type: Diseases and Disorders of the Integumentary System Objective: 2 Taxonomy: Applying 105) Infestation of the hair and skin with lice is known as impetigo.

Answer: FALSE Page Ref: 96 Question Type: Diseases and Disorders of the Integumentary System Objective: 2 Taxonomy: Remembering 106) Removal of dead or damaged tissue is dermatoplasty.

Answer: FALSE Page Ref: 101 Question Type: Diseases and Disorders of the Integumentary System Objective: 2 Taxonomy: Applying

26

107) Dermatoheteroplasty is surgical repair using skin from a source other than the patient.

Answer: TRUE Page Ref: 101 Question Type: Diseases and Disorders of the Integumentary System Objective: 2 Taxonomy: Applying 108) The primary function of the integumentary system is regulation.

Answer: FALSE Page Ref: 80 Question Type: Anatomy and Physiology Objective: 1 Taxonomy: Remembering 109) An abscess is a localized elevation of the skin containing a pus-filled cavity, which is a sign of a local infection.

Answer: TRUE Page Ref: 82 Question Type: Diseases and Disorders of the Integumentary System Objective: 3 Taxonomy: Remembering 110) Cellulite is a local even surface of the skin and is a sign of subcutaneous fat deposition.

Answer: FALSE Page Ref: 83 Question Type: Diseases and Disorders of the Integumentary System Objective: 3 Taxonomy: Remembering 111) The plural form of cicatrix is cicatrixes.

Answer: FALSE Page Ref: 83 Question Type: Spelling Objective: 4 Taxonomy: Evaluating 112) A vesicle is a large elevation of the epidermis that is filled with fluid.

Answer: FALSE Page Ref: 88 Question Type: Diseases and Disorders of the Integumentary System Objective: 3 Taxonomy: Remembering

27

113) A temporary, itchy elevation of the skin, often with a white center and red perimeter, is called a wheal.

Answer: TRUE Page Ref: 88 Question Type: Diseases and Disorders of the Integumentary System Objective: 3 Taxonomy: Remembering

28

Match the combining form with the correct definition.

A) gland B) sweat C) radiation D) blue E) hard F) to rub away G) hair H) little follicle I) skin J) white 114) abras/o 115) actin/o 116) aden/o 117) albin/o 118) cutane/o 119) cyan/o 120) follicul/o 121) hidr/o 122) trich/o 123) scler/o Answers: 114) F 115) C 116) A 117) J 118) I 119) D 120) H 121) B 122) G 123) E

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Medical Terminology Complete! 4e (Wingerd) Chapter 6 The Skeletal and Muscular Systems 1) In the skeletal system, the combining form myel/o means: A) hernia.

B) bent forward.

C) bone marrow.

D) spine.

Answer: C Explanation: In the skeletal system, the combining form myel/o means bone marrow. The suffix for "hernia" is -cele, the combining form for "bent forward" is lord/o, and the combining form meaning "vertebra" is spondyl/o to refer to the spine.

Page Ref: 111 Question Type: Word Building Objective: 1 Taxonomy: Remembering 2) Select the combining form that means "joint."

A) My/o B) Oste/o C) Articul/o D) Ten/o Answer: C Explanation: The combining form that means "joint" is articul/o. The synonym arthr/o also means "joint." My/o means "muscle"; oste/o, "bone"; and ten/o, "tendon."

Page Ref: 111 Question Type: Word Building Objective: 1 Taxonomy: Remembering 3) Select the combining form that means "bone marrow."

A) Spondyl/o B) My/o C) Myel/o D) Menisc/o Answer: C Explanation: Don't confuse myEL/o, "bone marrow," with my/o, "muscle." Menisc/o means "meniscus" and spondyl/o, "vertebra."

Page Ref: 111 Question Type: Word Building Objective: 1 Taxonomy: Remembering

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4) The combining form orth/o means: A) joint.

B) muscle.

C) bone.

D) straight.

Answer: D Explanation: The direct translation of orth/o from the Greek orthos means "straight." This combining form is utilized to create terms related to the skeletal and muscular systems. Arthr/o means "joint"; muscul/o, my/o, or myos/o means "muscle"; and ost/o or oste/o means "bone."

Page Ref: 111 Question Type: Word Building Objective: 1 Taxonomy: Remembering 5) The medical term bradykinesia means: A) abnormally slow growth of long bones.

B) joint stiffness.

C) inability to coordinate muscles.

D) abnormally slow movement.

Answer: D Explanation: The term bradykinesia is created with the prefix brady-, "slow"; the root kinesi, "movement"; and the suffix -ia, "condition of." Note that the i in the word root is dropped when using a suffix that begins with an i. The term bradykinesia does not refer to abnormally slow growth of long bones, joint stiffness, or the inability to coordinate muscles.

Page Ref: 116 Question Type: Signs and Symptoms of the Skeletal and Muscular Systems Objective: 2 Taxonomy: Applying 6) A patient with paraplegia must exercise his muscles daily to prevent a reduction in muscle size and strength known as: A) atrophy.

B) ankylosis.

C) ataxia.

D) tenodynia.

Answer: A Explanation: An individual with paraplegia presents with muscle weakness; if not exercised, the muscles will lose mass, resulting in a- ("without") trophy ("development"). Ankylosis is a condition of abnormally stiff joints or difficult movement, ataxia is the inability to coordinate muscles during a voluntary activity, and tenodynia is tendon pain.

Page Ref: 116 Question Type: Signs and Symptoms of the Skeletal and Muscular Systems Objective: 3 Taxonomy: Applying

2

7) Select the term with the correct spelling.

A) Bradeekinesia B) Braydekinesia C) Bradikenesha D) Bradykinesia Answer: D Explanation: The term bradykinesia is created with the prefix brady-, "slow"; the root kinesi, "movement"; and the suffix -ia, "condition of." Note that the i in the word root is dropped when using a suffix that begins with an i.

Page Ref: 116 Question Type: Spelling Objective: 4 Taxonomy: Evaluating 8) The medical term for abnormal (excessive) muscle growth is: A) hypertrophy.

B) atrophy.

C) bradykinesia.

D) dyskinesia.

Answer: A Explanation: In the term hypertrophy, the prefix hyper- means "excessive"; troph, "development"; and the suffix -y, "process of." Atrophy is muscle reduction, bradykinesia is abnormally slow movement, and dyskinesia is difficulty in movement.

Page Ref: 117 Question Type: Signs and Symptoms of the Skeletal and Muscular Systems Objective: 3 Taxonomy: Applying 9) The correct medical term for muscle pain is: A) myalgia.

B) dyskinesia.

C) tenodynia.

D) arthralgia.

Answer: A Explanation: Myalgia is the medical term for muscle pain. The root my means "muscle" and the suffix -algia means "pain." Dyskinesia is difficulty in movement, tenodynia is tendon pain, and arthralgia is joint pain.

Page Ref: 117 Question Type: Signs and Symptoms of the Skeletal and Muscular Systems Objective: 3 Taxonomy: Applying

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10) Inflammation and degeneration of a joint occurs with: A) arthritis.

B) osteoporosis.

C) achondroplasia.

D) ankylosis.

Answer: A Explanation: Inflammation and degeneration of a joint occurs with arthritis. The root arthr means "joint" and the suffix -itis means "inflammation." Osteoporosis is abnormal loss of bone density, achondroplasia is dwarfism, and ankylosis is a condition of abnormally stiff joints or difficult movement.

Page Ref: 121 Question Type: Diseases and Disorders of the Skeletal and Muscular Systems Objective: 3 Taxonomy: Applying 11) Select the term with the correct spelling.

A) Rheumatoid arthritis B) Roomatoid arthritis C) Ruematoid arthritis D) Rheumatoyd arthritis Answer: A Explanation: Rheumatoid arthritis is spelled correctly. The h is silent, and rheumatoid is pronounced "ROO muh toid."

Page Ref: 121 Question Type: Spelling Objective: 4 Taxonomy: Evaluating 12) This type of arthritis is caused by the wear and tear that occurs with age.

A) Rheumatoid arthritis B) Osteomyelitis C) Epicondylitis D) Osteoarthritis Answer: D Explanation: With osteoarthritis the joint structures become worn over time. Rheumatoid arthritis is an autoimmune disease in which joint structures erode. Osteomyelitis is inflammation of the red bone marrow, and epicondylitis is inflammation of the elbow joint.

Page Ref: 121 Question Type: Diseases and Disorders of the Skeletal and Muscular Systems Objective: 2 Taxonomy: Remembering

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13) This type of arthritis is caused by an autoimmune process.

A) Osteoarthritis B) Osteomyelitis C) Epicondylitis D) Rheumatoid arthritis Answer: D Explanation: Rheumatoid arthritis is an autoimmune disease in which joint structures erode by the action of the body's own white blood cells. With osteoarthritis the joint structures become worn over time due to wear and tear. Osteomyelitis is inflammation of the red bone marrow, and epicondylitis is inflammation of the elbow joint.

Page Ref: 121 Question Type: Diseases and Disorders of the Skeletal and Muscular Systems Objective: 2 Taxonomy: Remembering 14) In this disease, inflammation of the wrist causes pressure against the median nerve.

A) Carpal tunnel syndrome B) Marfan's syndrome C) Gout D) Duchenne muscular dystrophy Answer: A Explanation: Carpal tunnel syndrome is an inflammation of the wrist that causes pressure against the median nerve. Marfan's syndrome is a congenital disease resulting in excessive cartilage formation. Duchenne muscular dystrophy results in progressive muscle weakness and deterioration. Gout is the presence of uric acid crystals in joints.

Page Ref: 122 Question Type: Diseases and Disorders of the Skeletal and Muscular Systems Objective: 2 Taxonomy: Remembering 15) Select the term with the correct spelling.

A) Phibromyalgia B) Phibromialgea C) Fibromyalgia D) Fybromyalgea Answer: C Explanation: Fibromyalgia is spelled correctly. This term is constructed of the combining form fibr/o, the word root my, and the suffix -algia, which together mean "condition of pain of the fibers and muscles."

Page Ref: 123 Question Type: Spelling Objective: 4 Taxonomy: Evaluating

5

16) This is a disease causing progressive muscular weakness and deterioration.

A) Duchenne muscular dystrophy B) Osteogenesis imperfecta C) Fibromyalgia D) Achondroplasia Answer: A Explanation: Duchenne muscular dystrophy is a disease causing progressive muscular weakness and deterioration. Dys/trophy means "bad, difficult, or abnormal development." Breaking down the other terms can identify their meaning and exclude them as answers: oste/o/genesis imperfecta means "imperfect bone development," fibr/o/my/algia is "condition of pain of the fibers and muscles," and a/chondr/o/plasia is "without cartilage formation."

Page Ref: 123 Question Type: Diseases and Disorders of the Skeletal and Muscular Systems Objective: 2 Taxonomy: Applying 17) This type of fracture is characterized by fragmentation of the bone.

A) Epiphyseal B) Compression C) Spiral D) Comminuted Answer: D Explanation: A comminuted fracture is characterized by fragmentation of the bone. A compression fracture is a crushed break, an epiphyseal fracture is at the location of the growth plate, and a spiral fracture is a spiral-shaped break.

Page Ref: 124 Question Type: Diseases and Disorders of the Skeletal and Muscular Systems Objective: 2 Taxonomy: Remembering 18) Which disorder affects the big toe with pain caused by deposits of uric acid crystals?

A) Bunion B) Duchenne C) Gout D) Epicondylitis Answer: C Explanation: Gout affects the big toe with pain caused by deposits of uric acid crystals.

Epi/condyl/itis means "inflammation over the condyle of the elbow." A bunion is an abnormal enlargement of the joint at the base of the big toe. Duchenne is a muscular dystrophy that results in progressive muscle weakness and deterioration.

Page Ref: 125 Question Type: Diseases and Disorders of the Skeletal and Muscular Systems Objective: 2 Taxonomy: Remembering

6

19) Which combining form means "curved"?

A) Burs/o B) Clon/o C) Rachi/o D) Scoli/o Answer: D Explanation: Scoli/o means "curved." Burs/o means "bursa." Rachi/o and clon/o are not word parts.

Page Ref: 119 Question Type: Word Building Objective: 1 Taxonomy: Remembering 20) The medical term for an excessive posterior curve of the thoracic spine, forming a hump, is: A) kyphosis.

B) osteoporosis.

C) lordosis.

D) scoliosis.

Answer: A Explanation: Kyph means "hump" and -osis means "condition of." This posterior curving of the thoracic spine, increasing its convexity, creates a hump, as seen with osteoporosis patients.

Osteoporosis is abnormal loss of bone density, lordosis is an exaggerated anterior spinal curve, and scoliosis is a lateral curvature of the spine.

Page Ref: 126 Question Type: Diseases and Disorders of the Skeletal and Muscular Systems Objective: 2 Taxonomy: Remembering 21) The medical term for excessive anterior curve of the lumbar spine is: A) lordosis.

B) osteoporosis.

C) scoliosis.

D) kyphosis.

Answer: A Explanation: Lord means "bent forward" and -osis means "condition of." An increased anterior curve creates increased concavity of the lower back in the lumbar area. Osteoporosis is abnormal loss of bone density, kyphosis is an excessive posterior curve of the thoracic spine, and scoliosis is a lateral curvature of the spine.

Page Ref: 126 Question Type: Diseases and Disorders of the Skeletal and Muscular Systems Objective: 2 Taxonomy: Remembering

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22) Select the term with the correct spelling.

A) Asteoporosis B) Asteopourosis C) Osteoporosis D) Osteopourosis Answer: C Explanation: Osteoporosis is spelled correctly. Construct the term utilizing the individual word parts for accurate spelling: oste/o, "bone"; por, "hole"; and -osis, "condition of."

Page Ref: 129 Question Type: Spelling Objective: 4 Taxonomy: Evaluating 23) This disease is characterized by an abnormal loss of bone density.

A) Carpal tunnel syndrome B) Gout C) Osteoporosis D) Marfan's syndrome Answer: C Explanation: Oste/o/por/osis is the condition of holes in the bone. This is due to the loss of bone density with aging. Carpal tunnel syndrome is an inflammation of the wrist that causes pressure against the median nerve, gout is a disorder that causes sharp pain in the joints of the toes, and Marfan's syndrome is excessive cartilage formation at the epiphyseal plates.

Page Ref: 129 Question Type: Diseases and Disorders of the Skeletal and Muscular Systems Objective: 2 Taxonomy: Remembering 24) A tear of fibers within a ligament is called a: A) strain.

B) fracture.

C) sprain.

D) cramp.

Answer: C Explanation: Don't confuse sprain, tearing of collagen fibers in a ligament, as with your ankle, with strain, stretching of a muscle beyond its normal range that causes muscle tissue tearing, as in your back when you lift something heavy. A fracture is a break in a bone, and a cramp is a prolonged muscular contraction that causes pain.

Page Ref: 131 Question Type: Diseases and Disorders of the Skeletal and Muscular Systems Objective: 2 Taxonomy: Remembering

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25) A tear of fibers within a muscle is called a: A) fracture.

B) strain.

C) sprain.

D) myeloma.

Answer: B Explanation: Don't confuse sprain, tearing of collagen fibers in a ligament, as with your ankle, with strain, stretching of a muscle beyond its normal range that causes muscle tissue tearing, as in your back when you lift something heavy. A fracture is a break in a bone, and a myeloma is a malignant tumor associated with the red bone marrow.

Page Ref: 131 Question Type: Diseases and Disorders of the Skeletal and Muscular Systems Objective: 2 Taxonomy: Remembering 26) The medical term for inflammation of the tendon is: A) myositis.

B) arthritis.

C) spondylarthritis.

D) tendonitis.

Answer: D Explanation: Construct the term utilizing the information provided in the question: the root tendon plus the suffix -itis, which means "inflammation." No combining vowel is needed, as the suffix begins with a vowel. Myositis is a local muscle inflammation, arthritis is inflammation of a joint, and spondylarthritis is inflammation of the joints of the vertebrae.

Page Ref: 132 Question Type: Diseases and Disorders of the Skeletal and Muscular Systems Objective: 3 Taxonomy: Applying 27) The medical term for inflammation of the tendon and synovial membrane surrounding a joint is: A) tendonitis.

B) bursitis.

C) myositis.

D) tenosynovitis.

Answer: D Explanation: Construct the term utilizing the information provided in the question. The combining form ten/o is utilized to connect to the root synov for synovial membrane, which starts with a consonant. The suffix -itis, "inflammation," is directly added on, as it starts with a vowel.

Bursitis is inflammation of a bursa, myositis is a local muscle inflammation, and tendonitis is inflammation of the tendon.

Page Ref: 132 Question Type: Diseases and Disorders of the Skeletal and Muscular Systems Objective: 3 Taxonomy: Applying 9

28) A surgical puncture of a joint to withdraw or aspirate fluids from the synovial cavity is known as: A) arthrodesis.

B) arthroscopy.

C) arthrocentesis.

D) arthrotomy.

Answer: C Explanation: Construct the term utilizing the information provided in the question. The synovial cavity is a joint, arthr/o. The suffix -centesis means "surgical puncture." Arthrodesis is surgical fixation of a joint, arthroscopy is an endoscopic visual examination of a joint cavity, and arthrotomy is a surgical incision into the synovial cavity of a joint.

Page Ref: 134 Question Type: Treatments, Procedures, and Devices of the Skeletal and Muscular Systems Objective: 3 Taxonomy: Applying 29) The suffix that means "surgical fixation or fusion" is: A) -otomy.

B) -desis.

C) -centesis.

D) -clasis.

Answer: B Explanation: The suffix that means "surgical fixation or fusion" is -desis. The other suffixes mean -tomy, "incision"; -clasis, "break apart"; and -centesis, "surgical puncture."

Page Ref: 134 Question Type: Word Building Objective: 1 Taxonomy: Remembering 30) An elderly patient fractured her hip and needs a hip replacement. She is scheduled for a complete: A) arthroscopy.

B) arthrodesis.

C) arthrotomy.

D) arthroplasty.

Answer: D Explanation: We can construct the term with the information that the hip is a joint, arthr/o, and a surgical repair is the suffix, -plasty. The hip is being replaced to repair the fracture. Arthroscopy is an endoscopic visual examination of a joint cavity, arthrodesis is surgical fixation of a joint, and arthrotomy is a surgical incision into the synovial cavity of a joint.

Page Ref: 135 Question Type: Treatments, Procedures, and Devices of the Skeletal and Muscular Systems Objective: 3 Taxonomy: Evaluating

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31) The medical term for surgical repair of a joint is: A) arthroplasty.

B) arthrocentesis.

C) arthroscopy.

D) arthrodesis.

Answer: A Explanation: The combining form for joint is arthr/o and the suffix for surgical repair is -plasty.

Arthrocentesis is withdrawing excess fluids through a surgical puncture into the synovial cavity of a joint, arthroscopy is an endoscopic visual examination of a joint cavity, and arthrodesis is surgical fixation of a joint.

Page Ref: 135 Question Type: Treatments, Procedures, and Devices of the Skeletal and Muscular Systems Objective: 3 Taxonomy: Applying 32) Select the term with the correct spelling.

A) Cairopractur B) Kyropractur C) Kiropractor D) Chiropractor Answer: D Explanation: Chiropractor is spelled correctly. Pronouncing all the terms is similar: "KIGH roh prak tor." To generate the correct spelling, utilize your knowledge of the term's meaning to identify the spelling. Practor is one who practices. Chir/o identifies the bones, joints, and vertebral column.

Page Ref: 136 Question Type: Spelling Objective: 4 Taxonomy: Evaluating 33) A practitioner of therapy centered on manipulation of bones is called a(n): A) dentist.

B) orthotist.

C) chiropractor.

D) podiatrist.

Answer: C Explanation: A chiropractor is a practitioner of therapy centered on manipulation of bones. The other specialties can be identified by the meanings of the word roots dent, "teeth"; pod, "feet"; and orth, "straight, relating to bones and muscles."

Page Ref: 136 Question Type: Treatments, Procedures, and Devices of the Skeletal and Muscular Systems Objective: 2 Taxonomy: Remembering

11

34) Surgical excision of part of a vertebra as treatment for a herniated disk is: A) rachiotomy.

B) neurectomy.

C) diskectomy.

D) laminectomy.

Answer: D Explanation: Laminectomy is a surgical excision of part of a vertebra as treatment for a herniated disk. Looking at the answers, the two choices referencing anatomy of the spine are the disk and lamin. The question mentions that part of the vertebra is removed, which is the lamina, not the disk, which is soft tissue. The suffix -ectomy means "removal."

Page Ref: 138 Question Type: Treatments, Procedures, and Devices of the Skeletal and Muscular Systems Objective: 3 Taxonomy: Applying 35) What is the medical test that records muscle responses to electrical stimuli?

A) Myelography B) Electromyography C) Fasciotomy D) MRI Answer: B Explanation: Electromyography measures and records the strength of a muscle contraction. In this term, electr/o means "electricity," my/o means "muscle," and -graphy means "recording process." Myelography is x-ray photography of the spinal cord, fasciotomy is a surgical incision into the connective tissue sheath surrounding a muscle, and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) uses powerful magnets to observe soft tissues in the body.

Page Ref: 138 Question Type: Treatments, Procedures, and Devices of the Skeletal and Muscular Systems Objective: 3 Taxonomy: Applying 36) This is a procedure in which an instrument electrically stimulates the muscle, and the resulting muscle contraction is recorded and analyzed.

A) Osteoclasis B) Fasciotomy C) Electromyography D) Myoplasty Answer: C Explanation: Electromyography measures and records the strength of a muscle contraction. In this term, electr/o means "electricity"; my/o, "muscle"; and -graphy, "recording process."

Osteoclasis is purposely breaking a bone to correct a defect or an improperly healed fracture, fasciotomy is a surgical incision into the connective tissue sheath surrounding a muscle, and myoplasty is surgical repair of a muscle.

Page Ref: 138 Question Type: Treatments, Procedures, and Devices of the Skeletal and Muscular Systems Objective: 2 Taxonomy: Remembering 12

37) The medical term for surgical fixation to connect vertebrae is: A) fasciotomy.

B) spondylosyndesis.

C) myorrhaphy.

D) laminectomy.

Answer: B Explanation: Spondylosyndesis is the medical term for surgical fixation to connect vertebrae.

Because the suffixes are different in each response, analyzing just that word part will assist: desis means "surgical fixation or fusion." Further analysis confirms this correct answer, with spondyl/o meaning "vertebra." Fasciotomy is a surgical incision into the connective tissue sheath surrounding a muscle, myorrhaphy is suturing the torn ends of a muscle, and laminectomy is a surgical excision of part of a vertebra as part of treatment for a herniated disk.

Page Ref: 138 Question Type: Treatments, Procedures, and Devices of the Skeletal and Muscular Systems Objective: 3 Taxonomy: Applying 38) Which medical term is spelled correctly?

A) Myoceole B) Fasciotomy C) Dyskinisia D) Cocycx Answer: B Explanation: Fasciotomy is spelled correctly. One method of answering this question is to look at the suffixes for spelling. The correct spellings of the other terms are coccyx, my/o/cele (no o) and dys/kinesia.

Page Ref: 138 Question Type: Spelling Objective: 4 Taxonomy: Evaluating 39) Using pins, screws, or plates to stabilize the alignment of broken bone fragments is called: A) arthroscopy.

B) closed reduction.

C) internal fixation.

D) external fixation.

Answer: C Explanation: In internal fixation, the fixation hardware must be placed surgically along the bone, indicating it is internal in the body. Arthroscopy is an endoscopic visual examination of a joint cavity, a closed reduction is manipulating the bone without surgery during reduction, and an external fixation involves attaching metal rods and pins from outside the skin surface.

Page Ref: 139 Question Type: Treatments, Procedures, and Devices of the Skeletal and Muscular Systems Objective: 2 Taxonomy: Remembering

13

40) The medical term for aligning broken bones to their normal position is: A) incision.

B) reduction.

C) fixation.

D) rickets.

Answer: B Explanation: Reduction is aligning broken bones to their normal positions. Fixation is stabilizing such an alignment utilizing pins, screws, etc. Incision is to cut into the skin. Rickets is a disease.

Page Ref: 139 Question Type: Treatments, Procedures, and Devices of the Skeletal and Muscular Systems Objective: 2 Taxonomy: Remembering 41) A medical field that emphasizes the relationship between the musculoskeletal system and overall health, with an emphasis on preventative medicine, is: A) osteopathy.

B) chiropractic.

C) orthotics.

D) podiatry.

Answer: A Explanation: Osteopathy is a medical field that emphasizes the relationship between the musculoskeletal system and overall health, with an emphasis on preventative medicine. Pod/iatry specializes in the feet; chir/o/practic, manipulation of the bones, commonly the spine; and orth/o/tic, appliances or braces to support the limbs.

Page Ref: 141 Question Type: Treatments, Procedures, and Devices of the Skeletal and Muscular Systems Objective: 2 Taxonomy: Remembering 42) Occasionally, it is necessary to purposely break a bone to correct an improperly healed fracture. This procedure is called: A) arthroplasty.

B) osteoclasis.

C) arthrodesis.

D) ostectomy.

Answer: B Explanation: Osteoclasis is purposely breaking a bone to correct an improperly healed fracture.

Oste/o refers to "bone" and -clasis, "break apart." Arthroplasty is surgical repair of a joint, arthrodesis is surgical fixation of a joint, and ostectomy is surgical removal of bone tissue.

Page Ref: 140 Question Type: Treatments, Procedures, and Devices of the Skeletal and Muscular Systems Objective: 3 Taxonomy: Applying

14

43) A specialist in the foot is known as a(n): A) podiatrist.

B) orthotist.

C) osteopath.

D) chiropractor.

Answer: A Explanation: A podiatrist is a specialist in the foot. Pod refers to "feet," iatr/o is the combining form for "physician," and the suffix -ist means "one who specializes." A orthotist is a specialist in the construction and fitting of orthopedic appliances, an osteopath is a physician trained in osteopathy, and a chiropractor is a practitioner of therapy centered on manipulation of bones.

Page Ref: 141 Question Type: Treatments, Procedures, and Devices of the Skeletal and Muscular Systems Objective: 2 Taxonomy: Remembering 44) The correct meaning of the suffix in the term osteoclasis is: A) surgical repair.

B) to break apart.

C) surgical removal.

D) suturing.

Answer: B Explanation: The suffix meaning "to break apart" is located at the end of the word, -clasis. Plasty means surgical repair, -ectomy means surgical removal, and -rrhaphy means suturing.

Page Ref: 134 Question Type: Word Building Objective: 2 Taxonomy: Applying 45) Suturing a tendon to repair a tear is known as: A) myoplasty.

B) ostectomy.

C) tenorrhaphy.

D) tenomyoplasty.

Answer: C Explanation: Tenorrhaphy is suturing a tendon to repair a tear. Utilize the information in the question to construct the term: ten/o, "tendon," and -rrhaphy, "suture repair." Note the use of combining vowel o to connect word parts beginning with consonants. Myoplasty is surgical repair of a muscle, ostectomy is surgical removal of bone tissue, and tenomyoplasty is surgical repair of both a muscle and tendon.

Page Ref: 142 Question Type: Treatments, Procedures, and Devices of the Skeletal and Muscular Systems Objective: 3 Taxonomy: Applying

15

46) Select the correct abbreviation for the disease of the joint that allows the jaw to move.

A) THR B) TMJ C) TKA D) T1-T12 Answer: B Explanation: TMJ is an abbreviation of temporomandibular joint. The jaw is created by the temporal bone and mandibular bone and is known as the tempor/o/mandibul/ar joint.

Page Ref: 144 Question Type: Treatments, Procedures, and Devices of the Skeletal and Muscular Systems Objective: 4 Taxonomy: Applying 47) Besides vertebr/o, a combining form that means "vertebra" is Answer: spondyl/o, spondylo Page Ref: 111 Question Type: Word Building Objective: 1 Taxonomy: Remembering

.

48) The combining forms that mean "joint" are articul/o and Answer: arthr/o, arthro Page Ref: 111 Question Type: Word Building Objective: 1 Taxonomy: Remembering

.

49) The combining form that means "bone" is .

Answer: oste/o, osteo Page Ref: 111 Question Type: Diseases and Disorders of the Skeletal and Muscular Systems Objective: 1 Taxonomy: Remembering 50) The combining forms that mean "muscle" are my/o and Answer: myos/o, myoso Page Ref: 111 Question Type: Word Building Objective: 1 Taxonomy: Remembering

.

51) The medical term for joint pain is .

Answer: arthralgia Page Ref: 115 Question Type: Signs and Symptoms of the Skeletal and Muscular Systems Objective: 3 Taxonomy: Evaluating 16

52) The patient is taking a medication with a potential side effect of ataxia. The patient should be observed for the inability to coordinate their .

Answer: muscles Page Ref: 116 Question Type: Signs and Symptoms of the Skeletal and Muscular Systems Objective: 2 Taxonomy: Remembering 53) The suffix -dynia means "condition of Answer: pain Page Ref: 115 Question Type: Word Building Objective: 1 Taxonomy: Remembering

."

54) The medical term for muscle pain is .

Answer: myalgia Page Ref: 117 Question Type: Signs and Symptoms of the Skeletal and Muscular Systems Objective: 3 Taxonomy: Evaluating 55) The medical term for inflammation of the joint is .

Answer: arthritis Page Ref: 121 Question Type: Diseases and Disorders of the Skeletal and Muscular Systems Objective: 3 Taxonomy: Evaluating 56) An abnormal enlargement of the joint at the base of the big toe is called a(n) Answer: bunion Page Ref: 122 Question Type: Signs and Symptoms of the Skeletal and Muscular Systems Objective: 2 Taxonomy: Remembering 57) The medical term for drooping of the wrist, or wrist drop, is .

Answer: carpoptosis Page Ref: 123 Question Type: Diseases and Disorders of the Skeletal and Muscular Systems Objective: 3 Taxonomy: Evaluating

17

.

58) The medical term for a broken bone is a(n) .

Answer: fracture Page Ref: 124 Question Type: Diseases and Disorders of the Skeletal and Muscular Systems Objective: 2 Taxonomy: Remembering 59) syndrome is a disease that causes widespread pain of musculoskeletal structures.

Answer: Fibromyalgia Page Ref: 123 Question Type: Diseases and Disorders of the Skeletal and Muscular Systems Objective: 3 Taxonomy: Evaluating 60) is a disease characterized by an abnormal accumulation of uric acid crystals in the joint.

Answer: Gout Page Ref: 125 Question Type: Diseases and Disorders of the Skeletal and Muscular Systems Objective: 2 Taxonomy: Remembering 61) The condition of a hump on the upper back caused by an exaggerated spinal curve is called .

Answer: kyphosis Page Ref: 126 Question Type: Diseases and Disorders of the Skeletal and Muscular Systems Objective: 2 Taxonomy: Remembering 62) The word that literally means condition of holes in bone is .

Answer: osteoporosis Page Ref: 129 Question Type: Diseases and Disorders of the Skeletal and Muscular Systems Objective: 2 Taxonomy: Remembering 63) is a disease involving abnormal loss of bone density.

Answer: Osteoporosis Page Ref: 129 Question Type: Diseases and Disorders of the Skeletal and Muscular Systems Objective: 2 Taxonomy: Evaluating

18

64) The term for paralysis of both legs and the lower body is .

Answer: paraplegia Page Ref: 129 Question Type: Diseases and Disorders of the Skeletal and Muscular Systems Objective: 2 Taxonomy: Evaluating 65) The muscles and tendons that surround and stabilize the shoulder joint are collectively known as the . (two words) Answer: rotator cuff Page Ref: 130 Question Type: Diseases and Disorders of the Skeletal and Muscular Systems Objective: 2 Taxonomy: Remembering 66) The procedure of fixing a joint so that it is stabilized is .

Answer: arthrodesis Page Ref: 135 Question Type: Diseases and Disorders of the Skeletal and Muscular Systems Objective: 3 Taxonomy: Evaluating 67) The procedure that allows a visual examination of a joint is .

Answer: arthroscopy Page Ref: 136 Question Type: Treatments, Procedures, and Devices of the Skeletal and Muscular Systems Objective: 3 Taxonomy: Evaluating 68) The medical term for an artificial limb is a(n) .

Answer: prosthesis Page Ref: 140 Question Type: Treatments, Procedures, and Devices of the Skeletal and Muscular Systems Objective: 2 Taxonomy: Remembering 69) When broken bones are realigned surgically, it is called a(n) fracture reduction.

Answer: open Page Ref: 139 Question Type: Treatments, Procedures, and Devices of the Skeletal and Muscular Systems Objective: 2 Taxonomy: Remembering

19

70) DJD is the abbreviation for . (three words) Answer: degenerative joint disease Page Ref: 144 Question Type: Diseases and Disorders of the Skeletal and Muscular Systems Objective: 4 Taxonomy: Remembering 71) RA is the abbreviation for . (two words) Answer: rheumatoid arthritis Page Ref: 144 Question Type: Diseases and Disorders of the Skeletal and Muscular Systems Objective: 4 Taxonomy: Remembering 72) OA is the abbreviation for . (one word) Answer: osteoarthritis Page Ref: 144 Question Type: Diseases and Disorders of the Skeletal and Muscular Systems Objective: 4 Taxonomy: Remembering 73) TKA is the abbreviation for Answer: total knee arthroplasty Page Ref: 144 Question Type: Abbreviations Objective: 4 Taxonomy: Remembering

. (three words)

74) TMJ is the abbreviation for . (two words) Answer: temporomandibular joint Page Ref: 144 Question Type: Diseases and Disorders of the Skeletal and Muscular Systems Objective: 4 Taxonomy: Remembering 75) ROM is the abbreviation for . (three words) Answer: range of motion Page Ref: 144 Question Type: Treatments, Procedures, and Devices of the Skeletal and Muscular Systems Objective: 4 Taxonomy: Remembering

20

Define the following combining forms.

76) The combining form orth/o means " Answer: straight Page Ref: 111 Question Type: Word Building Objective: 1 Taxonomy: Remembering

."

77) The combining form chondr/o means " Answer: cartilage Page Ref: 111 Question Type: Word Building Objective: 1 Taxonomy: Remembering

."

78) The combining form carp/o means " Answer: wrist Page Ref: 111 Question Type: Word Building Objective: 1 Taxonomy: Remembering

."

79) The combining form spondyl/o means " Answer: vertebra Page Ref: 111 Question Type: Word Building Objective: 1 Taxonomy: Remembering

."

80) The combining form troph/o means " Answer: development Page Ref: 115 Question Type: Word Building Objective: 1 Taxonomy: Remembering

."

21

Provide the term based on the brief definition.

81) Slow movement is called .

Answer: bradykinesia Page Ref: 116 Question Type: Signs and Symptoms of the Skeletal and Muscular Systems Objective: 3 Taxonomy: Evaluating 82) Abnormal/difficult development is called .

Answer: dystrophy Page Ref: 117 Question Type: Signs and Symptoms of the Skeletal and Muscular Systems Objective: 3 Taxonomy: Evaluating 83) Muscle pain is called .

Answer: myalgia Page Ref: 117 Question Type: Signs and Symptoms of the Skeletal and Muscular Systems Objective: 3 Taxonomy: Evaluating 84) Softening of the bones is known as .

Answer: osteomalacia Page Ref: 128 Question Type: Diseases and Disorders of the Skeletal and Muscular Systems Objective: 3 Taxonomy: Evaluating 85) Surgical puncture of the joint is called .

Answer: arthrocentesis Page Ref: 134 Question Type: Treatments, Procedures, and Devices of the Skeletal and Muscular Systems Objective: 3 Taxonomy: Evaluating 86) Surgical repair of the joint is called .

Answer: arthroplasty Page Ref: 135 Question Type: Treatments, Procedures, and Devices of the Skeletal and Muscular Systems Objective: 3 Taxonomy: Evaluating

22

87) Incision into the skull is called .

Answer: craniotomy Page Ref: 137 Question Type: Treatments, Procedures, and Devices of the Skeletal and Muscular Systems Objective: 3 Taxonomy: Evaluating 88) The child had a Colles' fracture, which is a fracture of the radius.

Answer: TRUE Page Ref: 124 Question Type: Diseases and Disorders of the Skeletal and Muscular Systems Objective: 2 Taxonomy: Remembering 89) Duchenne muscular dystrophy is a viral infection that often leads to paralysis.

Answer: FALSE Explanation: Duchenne muscular dystrophy results in progressive muscle weakness and deterioration, which can be determined through breaking down dys-, a prefix meaning "difficult, bad," and trophy, "development." The suffix for paralysis is -plegia.

Page Ref: 123 Question Type: Diseases and Disorders of the Skeletal and Muscular Systems Objective: 2 Taxonomy: Remembering 90) Lordosis is a deformity of the spine characterized by a hump.

Answer: FALSE Explanation: Lord means "bent forward" and -osis, "condition of." An increased anterior curve creates increased concavity of the lower back in the lumbar area. Kyph means "hump" and -osis, "condition of." This posterior curvature of the spine, increasing its convexity, creates a hump, as seen with osteoporosis patients.

Page Ref: 126 Question Type: Diseases and Disorders of the Skeletal and Muscular Systems Objective: 2 Taxonomy: Remembering 91) The school nurse checks teenagers for abnormal lateral curvature of the spine, which is known as scoliosis.

Answer: TRUE Page Ref: 126 Question Type: Diseases and Disorders of the Skeletal and Muscular Systems Objective: 2 Taxonomy: Remembering

23

92) Osteomyelitis is a painful bone infection caused by bacteria.

Answer: TRUE Page Ref: 128 Question Type: Diseases and Disorders of the Skeletal and Muscular Systems Objective: 2 Taxonomy: Applying 93) An injury resulting from stretching a ligament beyond its normal range, tearing its collagen fibers, is a strain.

Answer: FALSE Explanation: Don't confuse sprain, tearing of collagen fibers in a ligament, as with your ankle, with strain, stretching of a muscle beyond its normal range that causes tissue tearing, as in your back when you lift something heavy.

Page Ref: 131 Question Type: Diseases and Disorders of the Skeletal and Muscular Systems Objective: 2 Taxonomy: Remembering 94) TMJ is the abbreviation for the joint between the skull and mandible.

Answer: TRUE Page Ref: 131 Question Type: Diseases and Disorders of the Skeletal and Muscular Systems Objective: 2 Taxonomy: Remembering 95) Craniotomy is removal of a part of the skull.

Answer: FALSE Explanation: The combining form crani/o refers to the skull. The suffix -tomy means "incision or to cut." The correct suffix for "excision" is -ectomy as in craniectomy. One easy way is to remember that ectomy means "excision." (See how they both start with an e?) The suffix -tomy means "incision or to cut," and this meaning does not start with an e.

Page Ref: 137 Question Type: Treatments, Procedures, and Devices of the Skeletal and Muscular Systems Objective: 2 Taxonomy: Applying 96) Myorrhaphy is the repair of torn tendons.

Answer: FALSE Explanation: Breaking down the term myorrhaphy into its parts, my/o, "muscle," and -rrhaphy, "suturing," shows that it refers to suturing of muscles. Surgical repair, -plasty, of tendons, ten/o, is tenoplasty.

Page Ref: 139 Question Type: Treatments, Procedures, and Devices of the Skeletal and Muscular Systems Objective: 2 Taxonomy: Applying

24

97) Breaking a bone to repair it and putting it into correct alignment is called osteoclasis.

Answer: TRUE Page Ref: 140 Question Type: Diseases and Disorders of the Skeletal and Muscular Systems Objective: 2 Taxonomy: Applying 98) Each bone is an organ, composed of mainly connective tissue receiving blood vessels, lymphatics, and nerves.

Answer: TRUE Page Ref: 112 Question Type: Anatomy and Physiology Objective: 1 Taxonomy: Remembering 99) Ataxia is a sign of a nervous system disorder that is often inherited.

Answer: TRUE Page Ref: 116 Question Type: Signs and Symptoms of the Skeletal and Muscular Systems Objective: 3 Taxonomy: Remembering 100) The lack of movement leads to a reduction in muscle strength due to disuse, a sign of reduced muscle size known as atrophy.

Answer: TRUE Page Ref: 116 Question Type: Signs and Symptoms of the Skeletal and Muscular Systems Objective: 3 Taxonomy: Applying 101) The term bradykinesia is one in which the word root kinesi means "motion" and the suffix ia means "condition of."

Answer: TRUE Page Ref: 116 Question Type: Word Building Objective: 1 Taxonomy: Applying 102) Also known as "wrist drop," the condition carpoptosis is strengthening of the wrist resulting in difficulty supporting the hand.

Answer: FALSE Explanation: Also known as "wrist drop," the condition carpoptosis is a weakness of the wrist resulting in difficulty supporting the hand.

Page Ref: 123 Question Type: Diseases and Disorders of the Skeletal and Muscular Systems Objective: 3 Taxonomy: Applying 25

103) The congenital disease called myeloma syndrome results in excessive cartilage formation at the epiphyseal plates (growth plates), forming abnormally long limbs and a tall, thin body form.

Answer: FALSE Explanation: The congenital disease called Marfan's syndrome results in excessive cartilage formation at the epiphyseal plates (growth plates), forming abnormally long limbs and a tall, thin body form. Myeloma, in which myel means "bone marrow" and -oma means "tumor," is a malignant tumor.

Page Ref: 126 Question Type: Diseases and Disorders of the Skeletal and Muscular Systems Objective: 3 Taxonomy: Applying

26

Match the combining form with the correct definition.

A) bone marrow B) sac C) wrist D) hip joint E) knuckle of a joint F) cancer G) fiber H) hump I) joint J) cartilage 104) articul/o 105) burs/o 106) carcin/o 107) carp/o 108) chondr/o 109) condyl/o 110) fibr/o 111) ischi/o 112) kyph/o 113) myel/o Answers: 104) I 105) B 106) F 107) C 108) J 109) E 110) G 111) D 112) H 113) A

27

Medical Terminology Complete! 4e (Wingerd) Chapter 7 Blood, the Lymphatic System, and Immunology 1) What suffix means "an abnormal reduction in number"?

A) -philia B) -crit C) -penia D) -emia Answer: C Explanation: The suffix -penia means "an abnormal reduction in number." The other suffixes mean: -philia, "loving or affinity for"; -crit, "to separate"; and -emia, "condition of blood."

Page Ref: 157 Question Type: Word Building Objective: 1 Taxonomy: Remembering 2) The medical term for rupture of red blood cells is: A) hemophilia.

B) hematoma.

C) hemostasis.

D) hemolysis.

Answer: D Explanation: Hemolysis is the medical term for rupture of red blood cells. Construct this term utilizing the information in the question. The root for "blood" is hem, and the suffix used is lysis, meaning "loosen or dissolve," which is what occurs when the red blood cell membrane ruptures. The other suffixes do not relate at all to the question: -philia is "affinity for," -oma is "tumor," and -stasis is "standing still."

Page Ref: 158 Question Type: Signs and Symptoms of the Blood and Lymphatic System Objective: 3 Taxonomy: Applying 3) This is the medical term for a blood sample containing red blood cells of unequal sizes.

A) Erythrocytopenia B) Macrocytosis C) Anisocytosis D) Bacteremia Answer: C Explanation: Anisocytosis is the medical term for a blood sample containing red blood cells of unequal sizes. Construct the term from the information provided: an-, "without"; iso-, "equal"; cyt, "cell"; and -osis, "condition." Also look at the other word parts to eliminate those choices: penia, "reduced number"; macro-, "large"; and bacteri, "bacteria."

Page Ref: 157 Question Type: Signs and Symptoms of the Blood and Lymphatic System Objective: 3 Taxonomy: Applying 1

4) This is the medical term for the presence of bacteria in the bloodstream.

A) Necrosis B) Bacteremia C) Leukopenia D) Anemia Answer: B Explanation: Bacteremia is the medical term for the presence of bacteria in the bloodstream.

Bacteri is the root for "bacteria" and -emia is "condition of blood." The other answers are eliminated by deconstructing parts of the words necr/o, "death"; leuk/o, "white"; and an-, "without."

Page Ref: 158 Question Type: Signs and Symptoms of the Blood and Lymphatic System Objective: 3 Taxonomy: Applying 5) The medical term for abnormally large red blood cells is: A) poikilocytosis.

B) anisocytosis.

C) macrocytosis.

D) microcytosis.

Answer: C Explanation: The medical term for abnormally large red blood cells is macrocytosis. Macro- is the prefix meaning "large," cyt is the root for "cell," and -osis is "condition of." Eliminate the other choices by looking at their parts: Micro- is "small," poikil/o is "irregular," and an/iso is "without equal size."

Page Ref: 159 Question Type: Signs and Symptoms of the Blood and Lymphatic System Objective: 3 Taxonomy: Applying 6) An abnormal loss of blood from the circulation is: A) hemolysis.

B) anemia.

C) hemorrhage.

D) dyscrasia.

Answer: C Explanation: An abnormal loss of blood from the circulation is hemorrhage. The term is constructed from hem/o, the combining form for "blood," and the suffix -rrhage, "abnormal discharge." Hemolysis is the rupture of the red blood cell membrane, anemia is the reduced ability of red blood cells to deliver oxygen to tissues, and dyscrasia is any abnormal condition of the blood.

Page Ref: 158 Question Type: Signs and Symptoms of the Blood and Lymphatic System Objective: 3 Taxonomy: Applying

2

7) A patient suffered multiple injuries in a severe car accident and has bled extensively as a result. The medical term for this patient's bleeding is: A) hematology.

B) hemoglobin.

C) hemorrhage.

D) hemostasis.

Answer: C Explanation: Hemorrhage is the medical term for an abnormal loss of blood from the circulation. The term is constructed from hem/o, the combining form for "blood," and the suffix rrhage, "abnormal discharge." Hematology is the general field of medicine focusing on bloodrelated disease, hemoglobin is the protein within red blood cells that transports oxygen and carbon dioxide, and hemostasis is the stoppage of bleeding.

Page Ref: 158 Question Type: Signs and Symptoms of the Blood and Lymphatic System Objective: 3 Taxonomy: Applying 8) Which of the following is a decreased number of platelets that interferes with the normal clotting process?

A) Thrombocytopenia B) Anisocytosis C) Leukemia D) Erythrocytosis Answer: A Explanation: Platelets serve as clotting agents. If their number is decreased, the blood will not clot. The constructed term is thromb/o, "clot referring to platelets"; cyt/o, "cell"; and -penia, "deficiency or abnormal reduction in number." Anisocytosis is the presence of red blood cells of unequal size in a blood sample, leukemia is cancer that originates from cells within the bloodforming tissue of the red marrow, and erythrocytosis is an abnormal increase in the number of red blood cells in the blood.

Page Ref: 159 Question Type: Signs and Symptoms of the Blood and Lymphatic System Objective: 3 Taxonomy: Applying

3

9) A patient is extremely sensitive to pollen. Every time she is exposed to pollen, she develops itchy, watery eyes and nasal congestion. She most likely suffers from: A) allergies.

B) sepsis.

C) anemia.

D) AIDS. Answer: A Explanation: The signs and symptoms listed indicate an immune system response to an allergen, which is a foreign substance that produces a reaction, including immediate inflammation. AIDS is the acronym for acquired immunodeficiency syndrome, anemia is the reduced ability of red blood cells to deliver oxygen to tissues, and sepsis is a system-wide disease caused by the presence of bacteria and their toxins in the blood.

Page Ref: 162 Question Type: Diseases and Disorders of the Blood and Lymphatic System Objective: 3 Taxonomy: Applying 10) This is a viral disease that disables the immune response by destroying helper T cells.

A) ESR B) CBC C) AIDS D) PLT Answer: C Explanation: AIDS stands for acquired immunodeficiency syndrome, caused by the HIV virus, which attacks helper T cells. CBC stands for complete blood count, ESR stands for erythrocyte sedimentation rate, and PLT stands for platelet count.

Page Ref: 161 Question Type: Diseases and Disorders of the Blood and Lymphatic System Objective: 2 Taxonomy: Evaluating 11) Anemia that is caused by an inadequate supply of vitamin B12 is: A) sickle cell anemia.

B) iron-deficiency anemia.

C) pernicious anemia.

D) aplastic anemia.

Answer: C Explanation: Pernicious anemia is caused by an inadequate supply of vitamin B12. The other forms of anemia are aplastic anemia, in which the red bone marrow fails to produce sufficient numbers of normal blood cells; iron deficiency anemia, caused by a lack of available iron, resulting in the body's inability to make adequate amounts of hemoglobin; and sickle cell anemia, in which the hemoglobin is defective within cells, resulting in misshaped red blood cells that cause obstructions in blood vessels.

Page Ref: 163 Question Type: Diseases and Disorders of the Blood and Lymphatic System Objective: 2 Taxonomy: Remembering 4

12) Misshapen red blood cells that tend to clump together, causing obstructions in blood vessels, are a sign of: A) iron-deficiency anemia.

B) aplastic anemia.

C) pernicious anemia.

D) sickle cell anemia.

Answer: D Explanation: Misshapen red blood cells that tend to clump together, causing obstructions in blood vessels, are a sign of sickle cell anemia. The other forms of anemia are aplastic anemia, in which the red bone marrow fails to produce sufficient numbers of normal blood cells; irondeficiency anemia, caused by a lack of available iron, resulting in the body's inability to make adequate amounts of hemoglobin; and pernicious anemia, caused by an inadequate supply of vitamin B12 usually obtained from a healthy diet.

Page Ref: 163 Question Type: Diseases and Disorders of the Blood and Lymphatic System Objective: 2 Taxonomy: Remembering 13) Which medical term is spelled correctly?

A) Anesocytosis B) Anteretroviral C) Poikelocytosis D) Anaphylaxis Answer: D Explanation: Anaphylaxis is spelled correctly. Pronounce the terms and utilize your knowledge of the individual word part spellings to reason out the answer. The correct spellings of the other terms are anisocytosis, antiretroviral, and poikilocytosis.

Page Ref: 162 Question Type: Diseases and Disorders of the Blood and Lymphatic System Objective: 4 Taxonomy: Evaluating 14) The medical term for an abnormally low level of RBCs is: A) leukocytopenia.

B) erythrocytopenia.

C) leukemia.

D) thrombocytopenia.

Answer: B Explanation: Erythrocytopenia is the medical term for an abnormally low level of RBCs. The constructed term is erythr/o/cyt/o/penia, or red blood cell deficiency or reduction. Two answers can be eliminated by the knowledge of the root leuk/o, "white," as the question is asking about red blood cells. Thrombocytopenia can be eliminated because it utilizes the root thromb/o, or "clot referring to platelets."

Page Ref: 158 Question Type: Signs and Symptoms of the Blood and Lymphatic System Objective: 3 Taxonomy: Applying 5

15) This disease is characterized by reduced numbers of red blood cells or reduced amounts of functional hemoglobin.

A) Bacteremia B) Leukemia C) Anemia D) Fungemia Answer: C Explanation: Anemia is characterized by reduced numbers of red blood cells or reduced amounts of functional hemoglobin. If the RBCs and hemoglobin are reduced, you would infer that the overall volume of blood is decreased, thus the constructed term an-, "without," and -emia, "condition of blood." The other options are eliminated based on the roots leuk, "white"; bacteri, "bacteria"; and fung, "fungus."

Page Ref: 163 Question Type: Diseases and Disorders of the Blood and Lymphatic System Objective: 2 Taxonomy: Applying 16) This type of anemia is caused by defective hemoglobin that causes misshapen cells.

A) Iron-deficiency anemia B) Sickle cell anemia C) Leukemia D) Aplastic anemia Answer: B Explanation: Sickle cell anemia is caused by defective hemoglobin that causes misshapen cells.

The other forms of anemia are aplastic anemia, in which the red bone marrow fails to produce sufficient numbers of normal blood cells; iron-deficiency anemia, caused by a lack of available iron, resulting in the body's inability to make adequate amounts of hemoglobin; and pernicious anemia, caused by an inadequate supply of vitamin B12 usually obtained from a healthy diet.

Page Ref: 163 Question Type: Diseases and Disorders of the Blood and Lymphatic System Objective: 2 Taxonomy: Remembering

6

17) This type of anemia is caused by the red bone marrow's failure to produce enough RBCs. A) Sickle cell anemia B) Iron-deficiency anemia C) Leukemia D) Aplastic anemia Answer: D Explanation: Aplastic anemia is caused by the red bone marrow's failure to produce enough RBCs. RBCs are red blood cells. The other forms of anemia are iron-deficiency anemia, caused by a lack of available iron, resulting in the body's inability to make adequate amounts of hemoglobin, and sickle cell anemia, in which the hemoglobin is defective within cells, resulting in misshaped red blood cells that cause obstructions in blood vessels. Leukemia is a tumor of the marrow resulting in abnormal white blood cells.

Page Ref: 163 Question Type: Diseases and Disorders of the Blood and Lymphatic System Objective: 2 Taxonomy: Remembering 18) This is a severe and sometimes life-threatening reaction to an antigen, which causes rapid inflammation and system-wide spasm.

A) Hemostasis B) Prophylaxis C) Thrombosis D) Anaphylaxis Answer: D Explanation: Anaphylaxis is a severe and sometimes life-threatening reaction to an antigen, which causes rapid inflammation and system-wide spasm. Ana/phylaxis means "toward protection." In response to a foreign substance, the body produces an immediate inflammatory reaction. Hemostasis is the stoppage of bleeding, prophylaxis is any treatment that tends to prevent the onset of an infection or other type of disease, and thrombosis is the presence of stationary blood clots within one or more vessels.

Page Ref: 162 Question Type: Diseases and Disorders of the Blood and Lymphatic System Objective: 2 Taxonomy: Remembering

7

19) Select the term with the correct spelling.

A) Anemeya B) Anemia C) Akneemia D) Ahnemia Answer: B Explanation: Anemia is spelled correctly. All the spellings could be pronounced the same way, "ah NEE mee ah." Utilize your knowledge of word parts and the definition of the pronounced term to deconstruct the terms presented: an-, "without," and -emia, "condition of blood."

Page Ref: 163 Question Type: Spelling Objective: 4 Taxonomy: Evaluating 20) Which bacteria, if inhaled, are most likely fatal?

A) Streptococcus B) Anthrax C) Diphtheria D) Clostridium botulinum Answer: B Explanation: Anthrax is likely fatal if inhaled. The term is derived from the Greek word anthrakos, which means "coal," referring to the blackening effect the infection has on the skin and lungs. Streptococcus causes what is commonly known as a strep infection, diphtheria is an infectious disease resulting in acute inflammation of the mucus membranes, and Clostridium botulinum is a bacterium that produces a neurotoxin that can contaminate food and cause botulism if ingested.

Page Ref: 163 Question Type: Diseases and Disorders of the Blood and Lymphatic System Objective: 2 Taxonomy: Applying

8

21) Diseases that are caused by a person's own immune response attacking otherwise healthy tissues are known as: A) autoimmune disorders.

B) nosocomial infections.

C) immunodeficiencies.

D) allergies.

Answer: A Explanation: Diseases that are caused by a person's own immune response attacking otherwise healthy tissues are known as autoimmune disorders. Construct the term utilizing information provided in the question: aut/o, "self," and immune, "immunity." Immunodeficiencies are a decreased immune response, and nosocomial infections are contracted during a hospital stay.

Allergies are an immune system response to allergens, which are foreign substances that produce a reaction, including immediate inflammation.

Page Ref: 164 Question Type: Diseases and Disorders of the Blood and Lymphatic System Objective: 2 Taxonomy: Applying 22) A disease caused by a bacterium and its toxin, resulting in formation of a membrane in the mouth and throat, is: A) tetanus.

B) diphtheria.

C) malaria.

D) botulism.

Answer: B Explanation: Diphtheria is derived from the Greek word for "leather." Tetanus acts on the central nervous system, causing convulsions and paralysis. Malaria is caused by a parasite that infects the RBCs and liver. Botulism is a lethal foodborne illness.

Page Ref: 165 Question Type: Diseases and Disorders of the Blood and Lymphatic System Objective: 2 Taxonomy: Remembering

9

23) A disease that is caused by the immune system attacking one's own tissues is called: A) communicable.

B) idiopathic.

C) autoimmune.

D) nosocomial.

Answer: C Explanation: A disease that is caused by the immune system attacking one's own tissues is called an autoimmune disease. Construct the term utilizing information provided in the question: aut/o, "self," and immune, "immunity." Communicable diseases are capable of transmission from one person to another, idiopathic diseases develop without a known or apparent cause, and nosocomial infections are contracted during a hospital stay.

Page Ref: 164 Question Type: Diseases and Disorders of the Blood and Lymphatic System Objective: 2 Taxonomy: Remembering 24) A disease that can be spread from person to person is called: A) nosocomial.

B) communicable.

C) autoimmune.

D) idiopathic.

Answer: B Explanation: A communicable disease can be spread from person to person. Idiopathic conditions have no apparent cause. Nosocomial infections result from a hospital stay. In autoimmune diseases, the body attacks its own healthy tissues.

Page Ref: 164 Question Type: Diseases and Disorders of the Blood and Lymphatic System Objective: 2 Taxonomy: Remembering 25) A general term for any abnormal condition of the blood is: A) influenza.

B) dyscrasia.

C) anthrax.

D) allergy.

Answer: B Explanation: Dyscrasia is from the Greek word dyskrasia, meaning "difficult temperament."

Apparently, the ones who named this condition observed a correlation between a difficult temperament and blood disease. Influenza is a viral disease characterized by fever and an acute inflammation of respiratory mucous membranes, anthrax is bacteria that are likely fatal if inhaled, and an allergy is an immune system response to an allergen, which is a foreign substance that produces a reaction, including immediate inflammation.

Page Ref: 165 Question Type: Diseases and Disorders of the Blood and Lymphatic System Objective: 2 Taxonomy: Remembering 10

26) A patient presents to the clinic complaining, "Every time I get even the tiniest cut, I bleed and bleed and bleed." The doctor suspects this patient has an inherited bleeding disorder that results from defective clotting proteins. This disease is called: A) anemia.

B) hemophilia.

C) AIDS. D) leukemia.

Answer: B Explanation: Hemophilia is an inherited bleeding disorder that results from defective clotting proteins. The patient is bleeding because of insufficient clotting factors to form the platelets. The word parts are hem/o, "blood," and -philia, "loving or affinity for." The other answers can be eliminated as follows: an/emia, "without blood"; lymph/oma, "lymph tumor"; leuk/emia, "white blood cell condition"; and AIDS, acquired immune deficiency syndrome.

Page Ref: 167 Question Type: Diseases and Disorders of the Blood and Lymphatic System Objective: 2 Taxonomy: Applying 27) Select the term with the correct spelling.

A) Hemofeelia B) Hemophilia C) Hemofilea D) Himohfilia Answer: B Explanation: Hemophilia is spelled correctly. All the spellings are pronounced the same way: "HEE moh FILL ee ah." Utilize your knowledge of the meaning of the pronounced word and word parts to construct the correct spelling: hem/o, "blood," and -philia, "loving or affinity for."

Page Ref: 167 Question Type: Spelling Objective: 4 Taxonomy: Evaluating 28) A disease that develops without a known or apparent cause is called: A) idiopathic.

B) autoimmune.

C) communicable.

D) nosocomial.

Answer: A Explanation: An idiopathic disease develops without a known or apparent cause. The constructed form of this term is idi/o/path/ic, which literally means "pertaining to individual disease." An autoimmune disease involves a person's own immune response attacking otherwise healthy tissues, a communicable disease is capable of transmission from one person to another, and a nosocomial disease is an infectious disease contracted during a hospital stay.

Page Ref: 167 Question Type: Diseases and Disorders of the Blood and Lymphatic System Objective: 2 Taxonomy: Remembering 11

29) When disease-causing organisms multiply within the body, it is called: A) infection.

B) anemia.

C) immunosuppression.

D) blood transfusion.

Answer: A Explanation: Infection is when disease-causing organisms multiply within the body.

Immunosuppression is eliminated because suppression would indicate a decreased number, not multiplication. Anemia is eliminated through a similar rationale, as an- means "without." Blood transfusion does not relate to causing disease.

Page Ref: 168 Question Type: Diseases and Disorders of the Blood and Lymphatic System Objective: 2 Taxonomy: Remembering 30) A patient twisted her ankle. Immediately after the injury, the ankle became swollen, red, painful, and warm to the touch. The medical term for this is: A) allergy.

B) anemia.

C) hematoma.

D) inflammation.

Answer: D Explanation: Inflammation is the swelling of body tissue in response to injury and many forms of illness. The signs and symptoms listed and traumatic mechanism of injury indicate that the body will respond with inflammation as the initial response to injury. Allergy is an immune system response to an allergen, which is a foreign substance that produces a reaction, including immediate inflammation. Anemia is characterized by reduced numbers of red blood cells or reduced amounts of functional hemoglobin. A hematoma is a mass of blood outside blood vessels and confined within an organ or space within the body.

Page Ref: 169 Question Type: Diseases and Disorders of the Blood and Lymphatic System Objective: 2 Taxonomy: Applying 31) A cancer of bone marrow, the blood-forming tissue in bone, is: A) leukemia.

B) Hodgkin's disease.

C) erythropenia.

D) lymphoma.

Answer: A Explanation: Leukemia is a cancer of the bone marrow. The other options are eliminated because erythr/o/penia means "decreased red blood cells," lymph/oma is a tumor of the lymphatic tissues, and Hodgkin's disease is a malignant type of lymphoma.

Page Ref: 169 Question Type: Diseases and Disorders of the Blood and Lymphatic System Objective: 2 Taxonomy: Remembering 12

32) The correct meaning of the suffix in the term leukemia is: A) blood condition.

B) white.

C) red.

D) abnormal discharge.

Answer: A Explanation: The suffix meaning "blood condition" is located at the end of the word, -emia. The word part for "red" is erythr; "white," leuk; and "abnormal discharge," -rrhage.

Page Ref: 157 Question Type: Word Building Objective: 2 Taxonomy: Applying 33) A viral disease characterized by enlarged lymph nodes, an increased number of monocytes and lymphocytes, sore throat, and fatigue is: A) mononucleosis.

B) Hodgkin's disease.

C) sepsis.

D) lymphoma.

Answer: A Explanation: Mononucleosis is a viral disease characterized by enlarged lymph nodes, an increased number of monocytes and lymphocytes, sore throat, and fatigue. Sepsis is a systemic infection. Lymph/oma is tumor of the lymphatic tissues, and Hodgkin's disease is a malignant type of lymphoma.

Page Ref: 171 Question Type: Diseases and Disorders of the Blood and Lymphatic System Objective: 2 Taxonomy: Remembering 34) This is the medical term for cell, tissue, or organ death.

A) Thrombosis B) Erythrocytosis C) Anisocytosis D) Necrosis Answer: D Explanation: Necrosis is the medical term for cell, tissue, or organ death. Construct the term utilizing the information provided: necr, "death," and -osis, "condition." Deconstruct the other terms to eliminate them: thromb/osis, "clot referring to platelets"; erythr/o/cyt/osis, "red cell condition"; and an/iso/cyt/osis, "unequal cell size condition."

Page Ref: 172 Question Type: Diseases and Disorders of the Blood and Lymphatic System Objective: 2 Taxonomy: Applying

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35) An infection that is contracted during a hospitalization is called: A) idiopathic.

B) autoimmune.

C) communicable.

D) nosocomial.

Answer: D Explanation: A nosocomial infection is acquired during a hospital stay. An idiopathic disease develops with no apparent cause. Auto/immune disease is when the individual's body attacks its own tissues. Communicable disease is transmitted through contact.

Page Ref: 172 Question Type: Diseases and Disorders of the Blood and Lymphatic System Objective: 2 Taxonomy: Remembering 36) An elderly patient presents to the Emergency Department with an extremely high fever. The doctor is concerned the patient might have a system-wide disease caused by bacteria in the circulating blood. This condition is called: A) lymphoma.

B) splenomegaly.

C) anemia.

D) septicemia.

Answer: D Explanation: A high fever indicates that the body is fighting off an infection that has spread to the blood. The constructed term is sept, the root for sepsis in Greek, meaning "putrefying"; -ic, "condition"; and -emia, "blood." The other terms can be eliminated by deconstructing them: lymph/oma, "lymphatic tumor"; splen/o/megaly, "enlargement of the spleen"; and an/emia, "without blood."

Page Ref: 173 Question Type: Diseases and Disorders of the Blood and Lymphatic System Objective: 2 Taxonomy: Applying

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37) A therapeutic treatment involving administration of a substance with known toxicity to bacteria is: A) being vaccinated.

B) being immunized.

C) undergoing immunotherapy.

D) taking antibiotics.

Answer: D Explanation: Anti/bi/o/tic literally means "pertaining to against life." A substance that is toxic to bacteria would kill it. A vaccine is a preparation that is used to activate an immune response to provide acquired immunity against an infectious agent, immunization is a treatment that establishes immunity against a particular foreign substance that might otherwise cause disease, and immunotherapy is the treatment of infectious disease and certain cancers by the administration of pharmacological agents.

Page Ref: 177 Question Type: Treatments and Procedures of the Blood and Lymphatic System Objective: 2 Taxonomy: Remembering 38) The correct term for a chemical agent that reduces blood clotting is: A) antibiotic.

B) vaccination.

C) anticoagulant.

D) antiretroviral.

Answer: C Explanation: Anticoagulant is the correct term for a chemical agent that reduces blood clotting.

Coagulate means "to clot." An agent that reduces, is against, or is the opposite of clotting is indicated by the prefix anti-. Vaccination is the inoculation of a foreign substance that has reduced virulence as a means of providing a cure or prophylaxis. An antibiotic is a substance that is toxic to bacteria. Antiretroviral therapy is a pharmacological therapy that is useful in battling retroviruses.

Page Ref: 177 Question Type: Treatments and Procedures of the Blood and Lymphatic System Objective: 2 Taxonomy: Applying

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39) The correct term for administration of a foreign substance with reduced ability to cause infection as a means of providing a cure or prophylaxis is called: A) antibiotic.

B) antiretroviral.

C) vaccination.

D) anticoagulant.

Answer: C Explanation: Vaccination is the correct term for administration of a foreign substance with reduced ability to cause infection as a means of providing a cure or prophylaxis. The term vaccine is derived from the Latin word vaccinus, which means "relating to a cow." It was discovered that scrapings of skin from people infected with a disease contracted from milking cows provided immunity against the virus for smallpox. An antibiotic is a substance that is toxic to bacteria. An anticoagulant is a chemical agent that reduces blood clotting. Antiretroviral therapy is a pharmacological therapy that is useful in battling retroviruses.

Page Ref: 183 Question Type: Treatments and Procedures of the Blood and Lymphatic System Objective: 2 Taxonomy: Remembering 40) This test measures the amount of each type of white blood cell.

A) Differential count B) Blood culture C) Blood chemistry D) Coagulation time Answer: A Explanation: A differential count measures or counts the different types of white blood cells in a blood sample. A blood culture is a clinical test to determine infection in the blood, blood chemistry is a test or series of tests on a sample of plasma to measure the levels of its composition, and coagulation time is a timed blood test to measure the amount of time required for a blood clot to form.

Page Ref: 180 Question Type: Treatments and Procedures of the Blood and Lymphatic System Objective: 2 Taxonomy: Remembering

16

41) A doctor is concerned that his patient might have an infection in the bloodstream. He orders a test to determine infection in the blood. The name of this test is: A) blood culture.

B) blood chemistry.

C) hematocrit.

D) CBC. Answer: A Explanation: The blood culture involves placing a sample of the blood in a nutrient-rich liquid medium in order to grow populations of bacteria for analysis to determine the type of infection.

The other choices all analyze the levels of various other normal components of blood.

Page Ref: 179 Question Type: Treatments and Procedures of the Blood and Lymphatic System Objective: 2 Taxonomy: Applying 42) This procedure involves the introduction of blood, blood products, or a blood substitute into a patient's circulation.

A) Transfusion B) Antibiotic therapy C) Immunization D) Anthrax Answer: A Explanation: Transfusions attempt to restore blood volume to normal levels. Antibiotic therapy is therapeutic treatment involving the use of a substance with known toxicity to bacteria.

Immunization is a treatment that establishes immunity against a particular foreign substance that might otherwise cause disease. Anthrax is a deadly bacterial disease.

Page Ref: 179 Question Type: Treatments and Procedures of the Blood and Lymphatic System Objective: 2 Taxonomy: Remembering 43) Which of the following prevents blood loss following an injury by aiding in the formation of blood clots through coagulation?

A) Leukocytes B) Platelets C) Monocytes D) Erythrocytes Answer: B Explanation: Platelets prevent blood loss following an injury by aiding in the formation of blood clots through coagulation. Leukocytes are white blood cells, which fight infection, and monocytes are a specific type of white blood cell. Erythrocytes are red blood cells, which carry oxygen.

Page Ref: 154 Question Type: Treatments and Procedures of the Blood and Lymphatic System Objective: 2 Taxonomy: Applying 17

44) The process of dissolving a blood clot is: A) hemolysis.

B) hemostasis.

C) thrombolysis.

D) prophylaxis.

Answer: C Explanation: Thrombolysis is the process of dissolving a blood clot. Thromb/o is the combining form for "clot referring to platelets" and -lysis the suffix meaning "to loosen or dissolve."

Hemolysis is the rupture of the red blood cell membrane. Hemostasis is the stoppage of bleeding.

Prophylaxis is any treatment that tends to prevent the onset of an infection or other type of disease.

Page Ref: 182 Question Type: Treatments and Procedures of the Blood and Lymphatic System Objective: 2 Taxonomy: Applying 45) The medical term for an abnormally low level of platelets is: A) sickle cell anemia.

B) leukocytopenia.

C) thrombocytopenia.

D) erythrocytopenia.

Answer: C Explanation: Thrombocytopenia is the medical term for an abnormally low level of platelets.

Thromb/o is the combining form for "clot referring to platelets," cyt/o is the combining form for "cell," and -penia is the suffix meaning "abnormal reduction in number or deficiency."

Leukocytopenia is an abnormally low level of white blood cells, and erythrocytopenia is an abnormally low level of red blood cells. Sickle cell anemia is a type of anemia in which the hemoglobin is defective within cells.

Page Ref: 159 Question Type: Signs and Symptoms of the Blood and Lymphatic System Objective: 2 Taxonomy: Applying

18

46) This is the medical term for a treatment given to prevent infection.

A) Prophylaxis B) Necrotic C) Anaphylaxis D) Anticoagulant Answer: A Explanation: Any treatment that tends to prevent the onset of an infection or other type of disease is called prophylaxis. The constructed form is written pro/phylaxis, which literally means "protection before." A cell or cells, tissue, or organ that is dead is often called necrotic.

Anaphylaxis is an immediate reaction to a foreign substance that includes rapid inflammation, vasodilation, bronchospasms, and spasms of the GI tract. An anticoagulant is a chemical agent that delays or prevents the clotting process in blood.

Page Ref: 182 Question Type: Treatments and Procedures of the Blood and Lymphatic System Objective: 2 Taxonomy: Applying 47) An infant was just given an injection that will provide immunity to measles, mumps, and rubella. This is an example of: A) CBC. B) blood transfusion.

C) immunosuppression.

D) immunization.

Answer: D Explanation: Immunization involves inoculation of antigen components that stimulate the patient's immune response to produce memory lymphocytes and antibodies, which will be available in the blood to provide immune protection when a future exposure occurs. CBC is a complete blood count; a blood transfusion is the introduction of blood, blood products, or a blood substitute into a patient's circulation to restore blood volume to normal levels; and immunosuppression is a reduction of an immune response.

Page Ref: 181 Question Type: Treatments and Procedures of the Blood and Lymphatic System Objective: 2 Taxonomy: Applying 48) Select the term with the correct spelling.

A) Vaxeen B) Vaccine C) Vaksine D) Vaxine Answer: B Explanation: Vaccine is spelled correctly. All are pronounced "vak SEEN." It is derived from the Latin word vaccinus.

Page Ref: 183 Question Type: Spelling Objective: 4 Taxonomy: Evaluating 19

49) The correct abbreviation for platelet count is: A) RBC. B) CBC. C) WBC. D) PLT. Answer: D Explanation: PLT is the abbreviation for platelet count. RBC is red blood cell, CBC is complete blood count, and WBC is white blood cell.

Page Ref: 185 Question Type: Abbreviations Objective: 4 Taxonomy: Remembering 50) The combining form immun/o means "immunity or Answer: exempt Page Ref: 154 Question Type: Word Building Objective: 1 Taxonomy: Remembering 51) The combining form that means "red" is Answer: erythr/o, erythro Page Ref: 154 Question Type: Word Building Objective: 1 Taxonomy: Remembering

."

.

52) The organs of the lymphatic system include lymph nodes, the thymus gland, and the .

Answer: spleen Page Ref: 154 Question Type: Anatomy and Physiology of the Blood and Lymphatic System Objective: 2 Taxonomy: Remembering 53) Both blood and lymph carry to help fight infection.

Answer: white blood cells Page Ref: 154 Question Type: Anatomy and Physiology of the Blood and Lymphatic System Objective: 2 Taxonomy: Remembering

20

54) The medical term for an abnormal increase in the number of erythrocytes in the blood is or polycythemia.

Answer: erythrocytosis Page Ref: 159 Question Type: Signs and Symptoms of the Blood and Lymphatic System Objective: 3 Taxonomy: Evaluating 55) The acronym AIDS stands for . (three words) Answer: acquired immunodeficiency syndrome Page Ref: 185 Question Type: Abbreviations Objective: 4 Taxonomy: Remembering 56) The suffix that means blood condition is Answer: -emia, emia Page Ref: 157 Question Type: Word Building Objective: 1 Taxonomy: Remembering

.

57) The abbreviation for the virus that causes AIDS is Answer: HIV Page Ref: 185 Question Type: Abbreviations Objective: 4 Taxonomy: Remembering

.

58) The definition of anemia is absence of .

Answer: blood Page Ref: 163 Question Type: Diseases and Disorders of the Blood and Lymphatic System Objective: 2 Taxonomy: Applying 59) The general term for an abnormal condition of the blood is .

Answer: dyscrasia Page Ref: 165 Question Type: Diseases and Disorders of the Blood and Lymphatic System Objective: 3 Taxonomy: Evaluating

21

60) The medical term for swelling is .

Answer: edema Page Ref: 166 Question Type: Diseases and Disorders of the Blood and Lymphatic System Objective: 2 Taxonomy: Remembering 61) A mass of blood outside a blood vessel is called a(n) .

Answer: hematoma Page Ref: 166 Question Type: Diseases and Disorders of the Blood and Lymphatic System Objective: 3 Taxonomy: Evaluating 62) The medical term for inflammation of the lymph nodes is .

Answer: lymphadenitis Page Ref: 170 Question Type: Diseases and Disorders of the Blood and Lymphatic System Objective: 3 Taxonomy: Evaluating 63) If not immunized, getting a puncture wound in the foot from stepping on a dirty nail could result in .

Answer: tetanus Page Ref: 174 Question Type: Diseases and Disorders of the Blood and Lymphatic System Objective: 2 Taxonomy: Remembering 64) The percentage of red blood cells in a volume of blood is the .

Answer: hematocrit Page Ref: 180 Question Type: Treatments and Procedures of the Blood and Lymphatic System Objective: 2 Taxonomy: Remembering 65) A lab technician performs a test to make sure the patient's blood is compatible with the blood about to be received by transfusion. This test is called .

Answer: crossmatching Page Ref: 181 Question Type: Treatments and Procedures of the Blood and Lymphatic System Objective: 2 Taxonomy: Remembering

22

66) A blood clot is called a(n) .

Answer: thrombus Page Ref: 182 Question Type: Treatments and Procedures of the Blood and Lymphatic System Objective: 2 Taxonomy: Remembering 67) The science concerned with the study of immunity and allergy is called Answer: immunology Page Ref: 157 Question Type: Medical Terms of the Blood and Lymphatic System Objective: 3 Taxonomy: Evaluating 68) CBC is the abbreviation for Answer: complete blood count Page Ref: 185 Question Type: Abbreviations Objective: 4 Taxonomy: Remembering

. (three words)

69) The correct abbreviation for a white blood count is Answer: WBC Page Ref: 185 Question Type: Abbreviations Objective: 4 Taxonomy: Remembering

.

Define the following combining forms and suffixes.

70) The combining form erythr/o means the color Answer: red Page Ref: 154 Question Type: Word Building Objective: 1 Taxonomy: Remembering 71) The combining form leuk/o means the color Answer: white Page Ref: 154 Question Type: Word Building Objective: 1 Taxonomy: Remembering

23

.

.

.

72) The combining form thromb/o means " Answer: clot Page Ref: 154 Question Type: Word Building Objective: 1 Taxonomy: Remembering 73) The suffix -lysis means "loosen or Answer: dissolve Page Ref: 157 Question Type: Word Building Objective: 1 Taxonomy: Remembering 74) The suffix -emia means " Answer: condition of blood Page Ref: 157 Question Type: Word Building Objective: 1 Taxonomy: Remembering

."

."

." (three words)

75) The suffix -philia means "affinity for or Answer: loving, love Page Ref: 161 Question Type: Word Building Objective: 1 Taxonomy: Remembering 76) The combining form iatr/o means " Answer: physician Page Ref: 161 Question Type: Word Building Objective: 1 Taxonomy: Remembering 77) The suffix -crit means "to Answer: separate Page Ref: 176 Question Type: Word Building Objective: 1 Taxonomy: Remembering

."

."

."

24

78) The combining form globin/o means " Answer: protein Page Ref: 176 Question Type: Word Building Objective: 1 Taxonomy: Remembering

."

Provide the term based on the brief definition.

79) Specialist in or one who studies the blood Answer: hematologist Page Ref: 156 Question Type: Medical Terms of the Blood and Lymphatic System Objective: 3 Taxonomy: Evaluating 80) System-wide disease caused by the presence of bacteria and their toxins circulating in the blood Answer: septicemia Page Ref: 173 Question Type: Diseases and Disorders of the Blood and Lymphatic System Objective: 3 Taxonomy: Evaluating 81) Condition of large cells Answer: macrocytosis Page Ref: 159 Question Type: Signs and Symptoms of the Blood and Lymphatic System Objective: 3 Taxonomy: Evaluating 82) Stoppage of bleeding Answer: hemostasis Page Ref: 181 Question Type: Treatments and Procedures of the Blood and Lymphatic System Objective: 3 Taxonomy: Evaluating 83) Surgical removal of the spleen Answer: splenectomy Page Ref: 182 Question Type: Treatments and Procedures of the Blood and Lymphatic System Objective: 3 Taxonomy: Evaluating

25

84) Death of a tissue or organ Answer: necrosis Page Ref: 172 Question Type: Diseases and Disorders of the Blood and Lymphatic System Objective: 2 Taxonomy: Evaluating 85) The combining form poikil/o means "irregular."

Answer: TRUE Page Ref: 157 Question Type: Word Building Objective: 1 Taxonomy: Remembering 86) The prefix ana- means "again or more of."

Answer: FALSE Explanation: Ana- means "up or toward."

Page Ref: 161 Question Type: Word Building Objective: 1 Taxonomy: Remembering 87) Allergies are the result of the body's response to antibodies.

Answer: FALSE Explanation: Allergies are in response to allergens, which are foreign substances that produce a reaction including inflammation.

Page Ref: 162 Question Type: Diseases and Disorders of the Blood and Lymphatic System Objective: 2 Taxonomy: Remembering 88) Botulism is a disease caused by a powerful neurotoxin released by the common bacteria Clostridium tetani that results in convulsions and paralysis.

Answer: FALSE Explanation: The bacteria causing botulism is Clostridium botulinum. The symptoms described and bacteria indicated in the question describe tetanus.

Page Ref: 164 Question Type: Diseases and Disorders of the Blood and Lymphatic System Objective: 2 Taxonomy: Remembering

26

89) The medical term for an inherited bleeding disorder that means "love for blood" is hemophilia.

Answer: TRUE Page Ref: 167 Question Type: Diseases and Disorders of the Blood and Lymphatic System Objective: 2 Taxonomy: Applying 90) Leukemia is a condition in which the bone marrow is unable to produce functional white blood cells to fight infection.

Answer: TRUE Page Ref: 169 Question Type: Diseases and Disorders of the Blood and Lymphatic System Objective: 2 Taxonomy: Applying 91) Nosocomial infections are caused by bacteria and contracted during a hospital stay, usually due to antibiotic-resistant strains of Staphylococcus.

Answer: TRUE Page Ref: 172 Question Type: Diseases and Disorders of the Blood and Lymphatic System Objective: 2 Taxonomy: Remembering 92) A differential count is a microscopic count of the number of each type of white blood cell in a sample of blood.

Answer: TRUE Page Ref: 180 Question Type: Treatments and Procedures of the Blood and Lymphatic System Objective: 2 Taxonomy: Remembering 93) Immunization introduces antigens to the body's immune system.

Answer: TRUE Page Ref: 181 Question Type: Treatments and Procedures of the Blood and Lymphatic System Objective: 2 Taxonomy: Remembering 94) Vaccination is the inoculation of a culture that has reduced virulence as a means of providing a cure or preventing disease.

Answer: TRUE Page Ref: 183 Question Type: Treatments and Procedures of the Blood and Lymphatic System Objective: 2 Taxonomy: Remembering 27

95) The presence of red blood cells of unequal size in a sample of blood is an abnormal finding.

It is a sign of a disease known as anisocytosis.

Answer: TRUE Page Ref: 157 Question Type: Signs and Symptoms of the Blood and Lymphatic System Objective: 3 Taxonomy: Applying 96) The suffix -penia means "abnormal reduction in number, deficiency."

Answer: TRUE Page Ref: 157 Question Type: Word Building Objective: 1 Taxonomy: Remembering 97) The rupture of the red blood cell membrane is called hemolysis.

Answer: TRUE Page Ref: 158 Question Type: Signs and Symptoms of the Blood and Lymphatic System Objective: 3 Taxonomy: Applying 98) The prefix poly- means "one."

Answer: FALSE Explanation: The prefix poly- means "excessive, over, many."

Page Ref: 157 Question Type: Word Building Objective: 1 Taxonomy: Remembering 99) The surgical removal of the spleen is often necessary if it has ruptured, which may occur during a physical injury to the left side of the trunk. The procedure is called spleenectomy.

Answer: FALSE Explanation: The surgical removal of the spleen is often necessary if it has ruptured, which may occur during a physical injury to the left side of the trunk. The procedure is called splenectomy.

Note the correct spelling of the term; there is not a second "e" in the root splen.

Page Ref: 182 Question Type: Treatments and Procedures of the Blood and Lymphatic System Objective: 4 Taxonomy: Applying

28

Match the combining form with the correct definition.

A) clear fluid B) physician C) red D) hospital E) blood F) water G) death H) protein I) irregular J) clot 100) erythr/o 101) globin/o 102) hem/o 103) hydr/o 104) iatr/o 105) lymph/o 106) necr/o 107) nosocom/o 108) poikil/o 109) thromb/o Answers: 100) C 101) H 102) E 103) F 104) B 105) A 106) G 107) D 108) I 109) J

29

Medical Terminology Complete! 4e (Wingerd) Chapter 8 The Cardiovascular System 1) Select the combining form that means "blood vessel."

A) Arteri/o B) Angi/o C) Cardi/o D) Phleb/o Answer: B Explanation: The general combining form for "blood vessel" is angi/o or vas/o. Arteries are specifically referred to with arteri/o and veins with phleb/o. Cardi/o means "heart."

Page Ref: 193 Question Type: Word Building Objective: 1 Taxonomy: Remembering 2) The valve that channels blood to flow in one direction from the left atrium to the left ventricle is the: A) semilunar valve.

B) mitral valve.

C) aortic valve.

D) tricuspid valve.

Answer: B Explanation: A trick to remember the locations of the valves between the atrium and ventricles is that mitral ends in l and is between the left chambers. The tricuspid is on the right because we "try to be right" in the things we do. The aortic valve is between the left ventricle and the aorta, and the semilunar valves include both the aortic and pulmonary valves.

Page Ref: 194, Figure 8.1, and 195, Figure 8.2 Question Type: Anatomy and Physiology Objective: 2 Taxonomy: Remembering 3) The upper chambers of the heart are called the: A) veins.

B) ventricles.

C) atria.

D) arteries.

Answer: C Explanation: The smaller upper chambers of the heart are called the atria. The larger lower chambers are the ventricles. Arteries carry oxygenated blood away from the heart and veins deoxygenated blood toward the heart.

Page Ref: 195, Figure 8.2 Question Type: Anatomy and Physiology Objective: 2 Taxonomy: Remembering

1

4) The lower chambers of the heart are called the: A) arteries.

B) veins.

C) ventricles.

D) atria.

Answer: C Explanation: The larger lower chambers are the ventricles. The smaller upper chambers are the atria. Arteries take oxygenated blood away from the heart and veins bring deoxygenated blood toward the heart.

Page Ref: 195, Figure 8.2 Question Type: Anatomy and Physiology Objective: 2 Taxonomy: Remembering 5) The prefix brady- means: A) around.

B) slow.

C) inner.

D) fast.

Answer: B Explanation: The antonym of brady-, "slow", is tachy-, "fast." The prefix for "around" is periand "within" is endo-.

Page Ref: 196 Question Type: Word Building Objective: 1 Taxonomy: Remembering 6) The correct medical term for a specialist of the heart is: A) cardiologist.

B) cardiomegaly.

C) cardiogenic.

D) cardiology.

Answer: A Explanation: Look carefully at cardiologist with the suffix -logist, "one who studies," and cardiology with the suffix -logy, "science or study of." The physician is the cardiologist and the medical specialty is cardiology. The suffix -genic means "pertaining to producing, forming." The suffix -megaly means "abnormally large."

Page Ref: 195 Question Type: Medical Terms of the Cardiovascular System Objective: 3 Taxonomy: Applying

2

7) Chest pain usually caused by an insufficient supply of oxygen to the heart is: A) palpitation.

B) angioma.

C) embolism.

D) angina pectoris.

Answer: D Explanation: Angina pectoris is Latin, literally meaning "chest choke." Palpitation is a throbbing or racing of the heartbeat. An embolism is a blockage that forms when a blood clot or other foreign particle moves through the circulation. Angi/oma is a blood vessel tumor.

Page Ref: 196 Question Type: Signs and Symptoms of the Cardiovascular System Objective: 3 Taxonomy: Remembering 8) A term used to describe a lack of a regular heart rhythm is: A) palpitation.

B) dysrhythmia.

C) bradycardia.

D) tachycardia.

Answer: B Explanation: Construct the term utilizing the information provided. An irregular rhythm is bad, abnormal, or difficult, indicated by the prefix dys- added to the root rhythm and the suffix -ia, "condition of." The prefix brady- means "slow" and tachy-, "fast." Palpitation is a throbbing or racing of the heartbeat.

Page Ref: 197 Question Type: Signs and Symptoms of the Cardiovascular System Objective: 3 Taxonomy: Applying 9) The medical term for an abnormal heart rhythm is: A) murmur.

B) endocarditis.

C) arteriosclerosis.

D) arrhythmia.

Answer: D Explanation: The prefix a-, which means "without, absence of," is added to the root rrhythm and the suffix -ia, "condition of," to construct the term meaning "without normal rhythm."

Arteriosclerosis is a thickened artery wall that has lost its elasticity; the constructed form is arteri/o/scler/osis, which means "condition of hard artery." Inflammation of the endocardium is endocarditis, constructed from endo/card/itis. A murmur is an abnormal heart sound.

Page Ref: 197 Question Type: Signs and Symptoms of the Cardiovascular System Objective: 2 Taxonomy: Applying

3

10) The medical term for chest pain is: A) cardiodynia.

B) arrhythmia.

C) cardiac arrest.

D) palpitation.

Answer: A Explanation: Cardiodynia literally means "condition of pain in the heart." Palpitation is a throbbing or racing of the heartbeat. A/rrhythm/ia is an abnormal heart rhythm. Cardiac arrest is cessation of heart activity.

Page Ref: 197 Question Type: Signs and Symptoms of the Cardiovascular System Objective: 3 Taxonomy: Remembering 11) The medical term for a slow heartbeat is: A) cardiomyopathy.

B) bradycardia.

C) tachycardia.

D) cardiomegaly.

Answer: B Explanation: Construct the term utilizing the information in the question: the prefix bradymeans "slow"; the root cardi, "heart"; the i is dropped when the -ia suffix, "condition of," is added. The antonym is tachy/card/ia, which is a fast heartbeat. The suffix -megaly means "abnormally large." The term cardi/o/my/o/pathy means disease of the myocardium of the heart.

Page Ref: 197 Question Type: Signs and Symptoms of the Cardiovascular System Objective: 3 Taxonomy: Applying 12) A symptom of a pounding, racing, or skipping heartbeat is called: A) cardiac arrest.

B) angina pectoris.

C) arteriosclerosis.

D) palpitation.

Answer: D Explanation: The term is derived from the Latin word palpitatus, meaning "throbbing."

Arteriosclerosis is a thickened artery wall that has lost its elasticity; the constructed form is arteri/o/scler/osis, which means "condition of hard artery." Cardiac arrest is cessation of heart activity. Angina pectoris is Latin, literally meaning "chest choke."

Page Ref: 198 Question Type: Signs and Symptoms of the Cardiovascular System Objective: 2 Taxonomy: Remembering

4

13) Which combining form means "fatty plaque"?

A) Pector/o B) Isch/o C) Varic/o D) Ather/o Answer: D Explanation: Ather/o means "fatty plaque." The other combining forms mean pector/o, "chest"; isch/o, "hold back"; and varic/o, "dilated vein."

Page Ref: 200 Question Type: Word Building Objective: 1 Taxonomy: Remembering 14) This combining form refers to a specific large artery.

A) Ather/o B) Arteri/o C) Aort/o D) Atri/o Answer: C Explanation: Aort/o means "aorta, or a very large artery." Ather/o means "fatty plaque"; arteri/o, "artery"; and atri/o refers to "atria, or the upper chambers of the heart."

Page Ref: 200 Question Type: Word Building Objective: 1 Taxonomy: Remembering 15) Select the combining form that means "clot."

A) Isch/o B) Varic/o C) Thromb/o D) Sten/o Answer: C Explanation: Thromb/o means "clot." The other combining forms mean isch/o, "hold back"; varic/o, "dilated vein"; and sten/o, "narrow."

Page Ref: 200 Question Type: Word Building Objective: 1 Taxonomy: Remembering

5

16) The correct meaning of the first root in the term atherosclerosis is: A) fatty plaque.

B) blood vessel.

C) hold back.

D) artery.

Answer: A Explanation: The deconstructed term is ather/o/scler/osis. The first root is ather, meaning fatty plaque. Don't confuse ather/o, "fatty," with arteri/o, "artery."

Page Ref: 200 Question Type: Word Building Objective: 2 Taxonomy: Applying 17) Select the term with the correct spelling.

A) Anyoorism B) Anuerism C) Anuwrysm D) Aneurysm Answer: D Explanation: The term is spelled "aneurysm." The term is pronounced "AN yoo rism."

Page Ref: 200 Question Type: Spelling Objective: 4 Taxonomy: Evaluating 18) The medical term for an abnormally dilated vein is: A) phlebotomy.

B) fibrillation.

C) angiospasm.

D) varicosis.

Answer: D Explanation: The constructed term is varic, "dilated vein," and -osis, "condition." The other terms are phleb/o/tomy, "a puncture into a vein to remove blood"; angi/o/spasm, a blood vessel spasm; and fibrillation, uncoordinated, rapid contractions of the ventricles or atria.

Page Ref: 210 Question Type: Diseases and Disorders of the Cardiovascular System Objective: 3 Taxonomy: Applying

6

19) The patient's X-ray showed an abnormal enlargement (hypertrophy) of the heart. This patient has: A) cardiodynia.

B) cardiomegaly.

C) angiostenosis.

D) cardiomyopathy.

Answer: B Explanation: Construct the term using the information provided: cardi/o, "heart"; megaly, "enlargement." Cardi/o/my/o/pathy is not the answer, as it is a general term for heart muscle disease. The suffix -dynia means "condition of pain." Angiostenosis refers to a condition of narrowed blood vessels.

Page Ref: 204 Question Type: Diseases and Disorders of the Cardiovascular System Objective: 3 Taxonomy: Applying 20) Cardiac tamponade is: A) blockage of an artery supplying the heart.

B) death of a portion of the myocardium, usually caused by an occluded vessel interrupting blood flow.

C) a general disease of the heart muscle.

D) acute compression of the heart due to the accumulation of fluid within the pericardial cavity.

Answer: D Explanation: Cardi/ac tampon/ade literally means "pertaining to heart plug process." It is acute compression of the heart due to the accumulation of fluid within the pericardial cavity. The other definitions are incorrect.

Page Ref: 204 Question Type: Diseases and Disorders of the Cardiovascular System Objective: 2 Taxonomy: Remembering 21) Persistently high blood pressure that cannot be attributed to a specific cause is called: A) orthostatic hypotension.

B) essential hypertension.

C) cardiomyopathy.

D) secondary hypertension.

Answer: B Explanation: Persistently high blood pressure that cannot be attributed to a specific cause is called essential hypertension. Orthostatic hypotension is a drop in blood pressure upon sitting or standing straight. Cardiomyopathy means disease of the heart muscle. Secondary hypertension is high blood pressure that results from another disease or condition, such as atherosclerosis or diabetes mellitus.

Page Ref: 207 Question Type: Diseases and Disorders of the Cardiovascular System Objective: 2 Taxonomy: Applying 7

22) The cessation of heart activity is called: A) congestive heart failure.

B) heart murmur.

C) cardiac arrest.

D) CPR. Answer: C Explanation: The cessation of heart activity is called cardiac arrest. Arrest means "stop" and cardi/ac, "pertaining to the heart." A heart murmur is an abnormal heart sound. Cardiac arrest is the cessation of heart activity. CPR is cardiopulmonary resuscitation.

Page Ref: 203 Question Type: Diseases and Disorders of the Cardiovascular System Objective: 2 Taxonomy: Applying 23) A condition characterized by the inability of a weak left ventricle to pump enough blood through the body is: A) congestive heart failure.

B) cor pulmonale.

C) myocardial infarction.

D) cardiac tamponade.

Answer: A Explanation: Congestive heart failure is left-sided heart failure, where the heart is failing to function appropriately. It results in pulmonary congestion or fluid in the lungs. Cor pulmonale is chronic enlargement and reduced efficiency of the right ventricle resulting from backup of the pulmonary circulation. Myocardial infarction is death of a portion of the myocardium. Cardiac tamponade is acute compression of the heart due to the accumulation of fluid within the pericardial cavity.

Page Ref: 205 Question Type: Diseases and Disorders of the Cardiovascular System Objective: 2 Taxonomy: Remembering 24) A patient has a form of chronic heart disease characterized by the failure of the left ventricle to pump enough blood. The correct abbreviation for this disease is: A) CHF. B) EKG. C) MI. D) CABG. Answer: A Explanation: The correct abbreviation for this disease is CHF. Congestive heart failure is leftsided heart failure where the heart is failing to function appropriately. It results in pulmonary congestion or fluid in the lungs. EKG is electrocardiogram, MI is myocardial infarction, and CABG is coronary artery bypass graft.

Page Ref: 205 Question Type: Diseases and Disorders of the Cardiovascular System Objective: 2 Taxonomy: Applying 8

25) The thin inner lining of the heart is the: A) endocardium.

B) myocardium.

C) pericardium.

D) epicardium.

Answer: A Explanation: The thin inner lining of the heart is the endocardium. Deconstruct the choices by looking at the prefixes: endo-, "within"; peri-, "around"; and epi-, "upon, over, above, on top."

My/o is the root for "muscle."

Page Ref: 206 Question Type: Diseases and Disorders of the Cardiovascular System Objective: 2 Taxonomy: Remembering 26) The medical term for a blood clot or foreign particle that moves through the bloodstream is: A) embolism.

B) aneurysm.

C) cyanosis.

D) thrombosis.

Answer: A Explanation: The medical term for a blood clot or foreign particle that moves through the bloodstream is embolism. Thromb is the root for "clot referring to platelets" and -osis is "condition." When the clot is stationary in the blood vessel, it is a thrombosis; when it breaks off and travels elsewhere, it is called an embolism. An aneurysm is an abnormal bulging of an arterial wall. Cyanosis is a symptom in which a blue tinge is seen in the skin and mucous membranes.

Page Ref: 206 Question Type: Diseases and Disorders of the Cardiovascular System Objective: 2 Taxonomy: Remembering 27) Select the term that means inflammation of the inner lining of the heart.

A) Polyarteritis B) Endocarditis C) Pericarditis D) Myocarditis Answer: B Explanation: Inflammation of the inner lining of the heart is endocarditis. Construct the term utilizing the information in the question: endo-, prefix, "within"; cardi, root, "heart"; and -itis, "inflammation." Polyarteritis is simultaneous inflammation of many arteries. Pericarditis is inflammation of the membrane surrounding the heart. Myocarditis is inflammation of the myocardium of the heart.

Page Ref: 206 Question Type: Diseases and Disorders of the Cardiovascular System Objective: 3 Taxonomy: Applying 9

28) The medical term for persistently high blood pressure is: A) hypotension.

B) hypertension.

C) cardiomyopathy.

D) ischemia.

Answer: B Explanation: The medical term for persistently high blood pressure is hypertension. The prefix hyper- means "excessive, abnormally high, or above"; the root tens, "pressure"; and the suffix ion, "process." The opposite condition is hypo/tens/ion, which is deficient or low blood pressure.

Cardiomyopathy is a general term for a disease of the myocardium of the heart. Ischemia is an abnormally low flow of blood to the tissues.

Page Ref: 207 Question Type: Diseases and Disorders of the Cardiovascular System Objective: 3 Taxonomy: Applying 29) The medical term for a heart attack (death of a portion of the heart) is: A) cardiac arrest.

B) congestive heart failure.

C) arrhythmia.

D) myocardial infarction.

Answer: D Explanation: A my/o/cardi/al infarction is a heart attack. When a portion of the heart muscle has lost its blood flow, tissue death results. This may subsequently lead to a/rrhythm/ia, abnormal contraction, or cardiac arrest, where the heart completely ceases to contract. Congestive heart failure is a chronic disease.

Page Ref: 208 Question Type: Diseases and Disorders of the Cardiovascular System Objective: 2 Taxonomy: Remembering 30) The medical term for abnormally low blood flow to tissues is: A) embolism.

B) fibrillation.

C) thrombosis.

D) ischemia.

Answer: D Explanation: The medical term for abnormally low blood flow to tissues is ischemia. Isch is the root for "holding back," and -emia is a suffix for "condition of blood." The other terms can be eliminated, as embol is "plug" and thromb is "clot." Both could lead to decreased blood flow.

Fibrillation is a condition of uncoordinated, rapid contractions of the muscle forming the ventricles or atria.

Page Ref: 207 Question Type: Diseases and Disorders of the Cardiovascular System Objective: 3 Taxonomy: Applying 10

31) A congenital defect characterized by an opening between the pulmonary artery and the aorta at birth due to a failure of the fetal vessel to close is known as: A) coarctation of the aorta.

B) patent ductus arteriosus.

C) atrial septal defect.

D) tetralogy of Fallot.

Answer: B Explanation: The congenital defect is "patent ductus arteriosus." If you do not recall the individual conditions, deconstruct the terms to reason it out. Patent means "open," a duct is a tube in layman's terms, and arteri/o is the combining form for "artery." These word parts are similar to the key ones in the question, an opening between pulmonary artery and aorta, which is also an artery. Coarctation of the aorta is a congenital heart disease affecting the infant's aorta.

An atrial septal defect is when an infant's heart allows blood to move between the two atria because of a small opening in the wall separating them. Tetralogy of Fallot is a severe congenital disease in which four defects associated with the heart are present at birth.

Page Ref: 209 Question Type: Diseases and Disorders of the Cardiovascular System Objective: 2 Taxonomy: Remembering 32) Which of the following suffixes means "a record or image"?

A) -sclerosis B) -graphy C) -gram D) -dynia Answer: C Explanation: "-gram" means "a record or image." Distinguish between -gram, which is a record or image, and -graphy, which is the recording process. Echocardiography is the test in which sound waves are utilized to generate an image of the heart. The image that is created and reviewed is called an echocardiogram. The root scler and suffix -osis form -sclerosis, which means "condition of hard"; -dynia means "condition of pain."

Page Ref: 212 Question Type: Word Building Objective: 1 Taxonomy: Remembering

11

33) Select the combining form that means "sound."

A) Ech/o B) Embol/o C) Ather/o D) Electr/o Answer: A Explanation: The combining form that means "sound" is ech/o. Utilize word association as in an echo that produces sound. Embol/o means "plug"; ather/o means "fatty plaque"; and electr/o means "electricity."

Page Ref: 212 Question Type: Word Building Objective: 1 Taxonomy: Remembering 34) Select the correct medical term for an X-ray of a blood vessel after contrast dye is injected.

A) Angiogram B) Electrocardiogram C) Echocardiogram D) Auscultation Answer: A Explanation: The correct medical term for an X-ray of a blood vessel after contrast dye is injected is "angiogram." Construct the term utilizing the information provided: angi/o, "blood vessel," and -gram, "a record or image" (the X-ray film). The other terms are eliminated by noting some of their word parts: electr/o is "electrical current," ech/o is "sound," and ausculto in Latin is "listen."

Page Ref: 213 Question Type: Treatments, Procedures, and Devices of the Cardiovascular System Objective: 3 Taxonomy: Applying 35) A patient had bypass surgery on her heart, a procedure where a blood vessel from another part of the body is inserted into the coronary circulation to restore blood flow to the heart. The correct abbreviation for this procedure is: A) MI. B) CPR. C) CABG. D) CHF. Answer: C Explanation: The correct abbreviation is CABG. If you cannot define the acronyms, identify key words in the question to assist: coronary, artery, bypass, and graft means "to affix tissues next to each other." MI is myocardial infarction; CPR is cardiopulmonary resuscitation; and CHF is congestive heart failure.

Page Ref: 216 Question Type: Treatments, Procedures, and Devices of the Cardiovascular System Objective: 3 Taxonomy: Applying 12

36) An ultrasound procedure that evaluates blood flow in an effort to determine the cause of a localized reduction in blood flow is: A) Doppler sonography.

B) positron emission tomography.

C) myocardial radionuclide perfusion scan.

D) angioscopy.

Answer: A Explanation: The ultrasound procedure is Doppler sonography. If you do not know the tests, break down the choices. The question indicates that sound is utilized, so the answer should have the root son and suffix -graphy, "recording process." Although perfusion, which is analysis of blood flow, is another choice, utilizing term breakdown, we see why sonography is correct.

Positron emission tomography is a noninvasive procedure that provides blood flow images, and angioscopy is the use of a flexible fiber-optic instrument, or endoscope, to observe a diseased blood vessel and to assess any lesions.

Page Ref: 218 Question Type: Treatments, Procedures, and Devices of the Cardiovascular System Objective: 2 Taxonomy: Remembering 37) This is an artificial scaffold used to prevent closure of an artery.

A) Stent B) Catheter C) Holter monitor D) Cardiac pacemaker Answer: A Explanation: An artificial scaffold used to prevent closure of an artery is a stent. A Holter monitor is a portable electrocardiography device. A cardiac pacemaker replaces function of the SA node. A catheter is a narrow flexible tube inserted for pressure measurement and injection of contrast medium.

Page Ref: 217 Question Type: Treatments, Procedures, and Devices of the Cardiovascular System Objective: 2 Taxonomy: Remembering

13

38) A recording of a procedure in which the electrical events associated with the beating of the heart are evaluated is an: A) echocardiogram.

B) electrocardiogram.

C) angiogram.

D) arteriogram.

Answer: B Explanation: The recording is an electrocardiogram. Electr/o, "electrical current"; cardi/o, "heart"; -gram, "a record or image." Ech/o is eliminated, as it produces an image but utilizes sound. Think you hear the sound of an echo. An angiogram is an X-ray image, and an arteriogram is an image of an artery.

Page Ref: 220 Question Type: Treatments, Procedures, and Devices of the Cardiovascular System Objective: 3 Taxonomy: Applying 39) Choose the correct medical term for removal of fatty plaques from inside an artery.

A) Endarterectomy B) Phlebotomy C) Endarterotomy D) Phlebectomy Answer: A Explanation: The term is endarterectomy. Two choices are eliminated because the suffix -tomy means "incision or cut." Phlebectomy is next eliminated because phleb/o is the combining form for vein. The correct answer is end-, "inside"; arter, "artery"; and -ectomy, "surgical excision or removal."

Page Ref: 221 Question Type: Treatments, Procedures, and Devices of the Cardiovascular System Objective: 3 Taxonomy: Applying 40) Which of the following medical terms is spelled correctly?

A) Myocardial infraction B) Sphygmomanometry C) Embolysm D) Anginia pectoris Answer: B Explanation: The term is spelled sphygmomanometry. This constructed term is written sphygm/o/man/o/metry, which literally means "the process of measuring pulse gas." The other choices are eliminated as careful reading reveals their errors: infraction, embolysm, and anginia.

Page Ref: 223 Question Type: Spelling Objective: 4 Taxonomy: Evaluating

14

41) This instrument consists of an arm cuff and an air pressure pump. It is used to determine blood pressure.

A) Sphygmomanometer B) Echocardiograph C) Cardiac pacemaker D) Electrocardiograph Answer: A Explanation: Sphygmomanometry is a constructed term is written sphygm/o/man/o/metry, which literally means "the process of measuring pulse gas." A sphygmomanometer is the device used for this procedure. The other choices are eliminated, as a pacemaker and electr/o/cardi/o/graph utilize electrical current. Ech/o/cardi/o/graph utilizes sound.

Page Ref: 223 Question Type: Treatments, Procedures, and Devices of the Cardiovascular System Objective: 2 Taxonomy: Applying 42) The correct medical term for a technician who draws blood is: A) phlebitis.

B) phlebotomy.

C) phlebectomy.

D) phlebotomist.

Answer: D Explanation: The technician is a phlebotomist. Analysis of the suffixes is required: -ist, "one who specializes"; -itis, "inflammation"; -ectomy, "surgical excision or removal"; and -tomy, "incision or to cut."

Page Ref: 222 Question Type: Treatments, Procedures, and Devices of the Cardiovascular System Objective: 3 Taxonomy: Applying 43) A specialist in the heart is called a(n) .

Answer: cardiologist Page Ref: 195 Question Type: Medical Terms of the Cardiovascular System Objective: 3 Taxonomy: Evaluating 44) The medical term for an abnormal heart rhythm is arrhythmia or Answer: dysrhythmia Page Ref: 197 Question Type: Signs and Symptoms of the Cardiovascular System Objective: 3 Taxonomy: Evaluating

15

.

45) The medical term for fast heartbeat is .

Answer: tachycardia Page Ref: 198 Question Type: Signs and Symptoms of the Cardiovascular System Objective: 3 Taxonomy: Evaluating 46) A symptom in which a blue tinge is seen in the skin and mucous membranes, which is caused by oxygen deficiency, is .

Answer: cyanosis Page Ref: 198 Question Type: Signs and Symptoms of the Cardiovascular System Objective: 3 Taxonomy: Evaluating 47) The combining form varic/o means "a dilated Answer: vein Page Ref: 200 Question Type: Word Building Objective: 1 Taxonomy: Remembering

."

48) The combining form that means "blood vessel" is vas/o or Answer: angi/o, angio Page Ref: 200 Question Type: Word Building Objective: 1 Taxonomy: Remembering 49) The combining form that means "heart" is cardi/o or Answer: coron/o, corono Page Ref: 200 Question Type: Word Building Objective: 1 Taxonomy: Remembering

.

.

50) The patient has a bulging of an arterial wall, caused by an acquired weakness of the arterial wall as blood is pushed against it. The patient has a diagnosis of a(n) .

Answer: aneurysm Page Ref: 200 Question Type: Diseases and Disorders of the Cardiovascular System Objective: 2 Taxonomy: Remembering

16

51) The medical term for enlargement of the heart is .

Answer: cardiomegaly Page Ref: 204 Question Type: Diseases and Disorders of the Cardiovascular System Objective: 3 Taxonomy: Applying 52) An abnormally low flow of blood to tissues is called .

Answer: ischemia Page Ref: 207 Question Type: Diseases and Disorders of the Cardiovascular System Objective: 2 Taxonomy: Evaluating 53) An abnormal gurgling or blowing sound heard when listening to the heart is a heart .

Answer: murmur Page Ref: 207 Question Type: Diseases and Disorders of the Cardiovascular System Objective: 2 Taxonomy: Remembering 54) Hypotension is the medical term for blood pressure.

Answer: low Page Ref: 207 Question Type: Diseases and Disorders of the Cardiovascular System Objective: 2 Taxonomy: Applying 55) Hypertension is the medical term for blood pressure.

Answer: high Page Ref: 207 Question Type: Diseases and Disorders of the Cardiovascular System Objective: 2 Taxonomy: Applying 56) Swollen varicose veins in the rectum are called .

Answer: hemorrhoids Page Ref: 207 Question Type: Diseases and Disorders of the Cardiovascular System Objective: 3 Taxonomy: Remembering

17

57) The suffix that means "surgical removal" is Answer: -ectomy, ectomy Page Ref: 212 Question Type: Word Building Objective: 1 Taxonomy: Remembering

.

58) Insertion of a narrow flexible tube, or catheter, through a blood vessel into the heart to withdraw blood samples, measure pressures, and inject contrast medium for imaging purposes is . (two words) Answer: cardiac catheterization Page Ref: 215 Question Type: Treatments, Procedures, and Devices of the Cardiovascular System Objective: 2 Taxonomy: Evaluating 59) A battery-powered device that is implanted under the skin and wired to the heart chamber wall is a cardiac .

Answer: pacemaker Page Ref: 215 Question Type: Treatments, Procedures, and Devices of the Cardiovascular System Objective: 2 Taxonomy: Remembering 60) An instrument used for listening to internal sounds is a(n) .

Answer: stethoscope Page Ref: 214 Question Type: Treatments, Procedures, and Devices of the Cardiovascular System Objective: 2 Taxonomy: Remembering 61) The medical term for a narrow, flexible tube is a(n) .

Answer: catheter Page Ref: 215 Question Type: Treatments, Procedures, and Devices of the Cardiovascular System Objective: 2 Taxonomy: Remembering 62) The medical term for an electric charge applied to the chest to restore normal heart rhythm is .

Answer: defibrillation Page Ref: 218 Question Type: Treatments, Procedures, and Devices of the Cardiovascular System Objective: 2 Taxonomy: Applying

18

63) The ultrasound image of the heart is a(n) .

Answer: echocardiogram Page Ref: 219 Question Type: Treatments, Procedures, and Devices of the Cardiovascular System Objective: 3 Taxonomy: Evaluating 64) By analyzing word parts, you know that a thrombolytic medicine is used to dissolve blood .

Answer: clots Page Ref: 223 Question Type: Treatments, Procedures, and Devices of the Cardiovascular System Objective: 2 Taxonomy: Applying 65) The acronym CABG stands for . ( four words) Answer: coronary artery bypass graft Page Ref: 225 Question Type: Treatments, Procedures, and Devices of the Cardiovascular System Objective: 4 Taxonomy: Remembering 66) CHF is the abbreviation for Answer: congestive heart failure Page Ref: 225 Question Type: Abbreviations Objective: 4 Taxonomy: Remembering 67) MI is the abbreviation for Answer: myocardial infarction Page Ref: 225 Question Type: Abbreviations Objective: 4 Taxonomy: Remembering 68) CAD is the abbreviation for Answer: coronary artery disease Page Ref: 225 Question Type: Abbreviations Objective: 4 Taxonomy: Remembering

. (three words)

. (two words)

. (three words)

19

69) CPR is the abbreviation for . (two words) Answer: cardiopulmonary resuscitation Page Ref: 225 Question Type: Abbreviations Objective: 4 Taxonomy: Remembering Define the following combining forms and prefixes.

70) The combining form arteri/o means " Answer: artery Page Ref: 193 Question Type: Word Building Objective: 1 Taxonomy: Remembering 71) The prefix brady- means " Answer: slow Page Ref: 196 Question Type: Word Building Objective: 1 Taxonomy: Remembering

."

."

72) The prefix tachy- means "fast or Answer: rapid Page Ref: 196 Question Type: Word Building Objective: 1 Taxonomy: Remembering

."

73) The combining form ather/o means " Answer: fatty Page Ref: 200 Question Type: Word Building Objective: 1 Taxonomy: Remembering

plaque."

20

Provide the term based on the brief definition.

74) Study of the heart Answer: cardiology Page Ref: 195 Question Type: Medical Terms of the Cardiovascular System Objective: 3 Taxonomy: Evaluating 75) Disease of an artery Answer: arteriopathy Page Ref: 201 Question Type: Diseases and Disorders of the Cardiovascular System Objective: 3 Taxonomy: Evaluating 76) Simultaneous inflammation of many arteries Answer: polyarteritis Page Ref: 209 Question Type: Diseases and Disorders of the Cardiovascular System Objective: 3 Taxonomy: Evaluating 77) Inflammation of a vein Answer: phlebitis Page Ref: 209 Question Type: Diseases and Disorders of the Cardiovascular System Objective: 3 Taxonomy: Evaluating 78) The record of the electrical activity of the heart Answer: electrocardiogram Page Ref: 220 Question Type: Treatments, Procedures, and Devices of the Cardiovascular System Objective: 3 Taxonomy: Evaluating 79) Bradycardia is a slow heartbeat, under 60 beats per minute.

Answer: TRUE Page Ref: 197 Question Type: Signs and Symptoms of the Cardiovascular System Objective: 2 Taxonomy: Applying

21

80) The combining form that means "narrowness or constriction" is thromb/o.

Answer: FALSE Explanation: The combining form for "narrow" is sten/o. Thromb/o means "clot."

Page Ref: 200 Question Type: Word Building Objective: 1 Taxonomy: Remembering 81) Atherosclerosis is a general term for hardening of the arteries, in which the artery walls lose their elasticity and become brittle.

Answer: FALSE Explanation: The arteries become hard in ather/o/scler/osis due to fatty plaque formations, which thicken, reducing blood flow. This is a specific form of arteriosclerosis, in which the artery walls lose their elasticity: arteri/o for "artery"; scler, "hard"; and -osis, "condition."

Page Ref: 202 Question Type: Diseases and Disorders of the Cardiovascular System Objective: 2 Taxonomy: Applying 82) Coarctation of the aorta is dangerous dilation of the aorta.

Answer: FALSE Explanation: Coarctation is when the aorta is compressed, reducing circulation. Aneurysm is a bulging or dilation of the aorta.

Page Ref: 205 Question Type: Diseases and Disorders of the Cardiovascular System Objective: 2 Taxonomy: Remembering 83) Heart murmurs are extremely rapid, but regular, contractions of the heart.

Answer: FALSE Explanation: A murmur is an abnormal soft, gurgling, or blowing sound often indicating regurgitation of blood through one or more of the heart valves.

Page Ref: 207 Question Type: Diseases and Disorders of the Cardiovascular System Objective: 2 Taxonomy: Remembering 84) A heart block is blockage of an artery supplying the heart, often due to atherosclerosis.

Answer: FALSE Explanation: A heart block is a block or delay of the normal electrical conduction of the heart.

Page Ref: 206 Question Type: Diseases and Disorders of the Cardiovascular System Objective: 2 Taxonomy: Remembering

22

85) Angioplasty is a general term for the surgical repair of a blood vessel that includes a procedure to reopen a blocked vessel.

Answer: TRUE Page Ref: 213 Question Type: Treatments, Procedures, and Devices of the Cardiovascular System Objective: 3 Taxonomy: Applying 86) A coronary stent is metal tubing that is implanted in a coronary artery to prevent closure of the artery after angioplasty.

Answer: TRUE Page Ref: 217 Question Type: Treatments, Procedures, and Devices of the Cardiovascular System Objective: 3 Taxonomy: Remembering 87) Endarterectomy is surgical removal of a floating blood clot or embolus.

Answer: FALSE Explanation: Deconstruct the term: end-, "inside"; arter, "artery"; and -ectomy is surgical removal of the inner lining of an artery to remove a fatty plaque. Removal of a clot would utilize the root thromb.

Page Ref: 221 Question Type: Treatments, Procedures, and Devices of the Cardiovascular System Objective: 2 Taxonomy: Applying 88) Phlebotomy is surgical removal of a vein.

Answer: FALSE Explanation: Phlebotomy is a puncture ("incision or cut," -tomy) into a vein (phleb/o) to remove blood for sampling or donation. Phleb/ectomy is surgical excision or removal of a vein.

Page Ref: 222 Question Type: Treatments, Procedures, and Devices of the Cardiovascular System Objective: 2 Taxonomy: Applying 89) The primary symptom of an insufficient supply of oxygen to the heart is chest pain called angina pectoris.

Answer: TRUE Page Ref: 196 Question Type: Signs and Symptoms of the Cardiovascular System Objective: 3 Taxonomy: Applying

23

90) Blood vessel disorders may include abnormal muscular contractions, or spasms, of the smooth muscles forming the vessel walls. This sign is called angiospasm.

Answer: TRUE Page Ref: 196 Question Type: Signs and Symptoms of the Cardiovascular System Objective: 3 Taxonomy: Applying 91) The most common term for chest pain is, simply, chest pain, abbreviated CP. Answer: TRUE Page Ref: 197 Question Type: Abbreviations Objective: 3 Taxonomy: Remembering 92) A symptom in which a blue tinge is seen in the skin and mucous membranes is called cyanosis, which literally means "condition of blue."

Answer: TRUE Page Ref: 198 Question Type: Signs and Symptoms of the Cardiovascular System Objective: 3 Taxonomy: Applying 93) A symptom of pounding, racing, or skipping of the heartbeat is called cardiomegaly.

Answer: FALSE Explanation: A symptom of pounding, racing, or skipping of the heartbeat is called palpitation.

Cardi/o/megaly is enlargement of the heart.

Page Ref: 204 Question Type: Signs and Symptoms of the Cardiovascular System Objective: 3 Taxonomy: Applying 94) An abnormal bulging of an arterial wall is called an angiocarditis.

Answer: FALSE Explanation: An abnormal bulging of an arterial wall is called an aneurysm. Angi/o/card/itis would be a condition involving inflammation, in this case of the heart and blood vessels, as indicated by the suffix -itis.

Page Ref: 201 Question Type: Diseases and Disorders of the Cardiovascular System Objective: 3 Taxonomy: Applying

24

95) The aortic valve is the semilunar valve located at the base of the aorta, which normally prevents blood from returning to the left ventricle. If it fails to close completely during ventricular diastole, blood may return to the left ventricle, causing the left ventricle to work harder. This condition is called aortic insufficiency.

Answer: TRUE Page Ref: 201 Question Type: Diseases and Disorders of the Cardiovascular System Objective: 3 Taxonomy: Applying 96) The suffix -megaly means "abnormally small."

Answer: FALSE Explanation: The suffix -megaly means "abnormally large."

Page Ref: 200 Question Type: Word Building Objective: 3 Taxonomy: Remembering

25

Match the combining form with the correct definition.

A) aorta B) sound C) hold back D) heart E) lung F) muscle G) pressure H) chest I) dilated vein J) fatty plaque 97) aort/o 98) ather/o 99) coron/o 100) ech/o 101) isch/o 102) myos/o 103) pector/o 104) pulmon/o 105) tens/o 106) varic/o Answers: 97) A 98) J 99) D 100) B 101) C 102) F 103) H 104) E 105) G 106) I

26

Medical Terminology Complete! 4e (Wingerd) Chapter 9 The Respiratory System 1) The medical term for slow breathing is: A) orthopnea.

B) eupnea.

C) tachypnea.

D) bradypnea.

Answer: D Explanation: The prefix brady- means "slow" and the suffix -pnea means "breath." The opposite condition is tachypnea, with tachy- the prefix for rapid or fast. Eupnea is normal breathing, and orthopnea is trouble breathing when lying down.

Page Ref: 239 Question Type: Signs and Symptoms of the Respiratory System Objective: 3 Taxonomy: Applying 2) The combining form rhin/o means: A) breathe.

B) wall.

C) mucus.

D) nose.

Answer: D Explanation: Rhin/o means nose. Spir/o means "breathe"; muc/o, "mucus"; and sept/o, "wall."

Page Ref: 235 Question Type: Word Building Objective: 1 Taxonomy: Remembering 3) The combining form that means "windpipe" is: A) thorac/o.

B) alveol/o.

C) pleur/o.

D) trache/o.

Answer: D Explanation: The trachea is the windpipe, so the combining form is trache/o, not to be confused with thorac/o, referring to the thorax or chest cavity or pleur/o, "pleura." Alveol/o refers to the air sacs in the lungs.

Page Ref: 235 Question Type: Word Building Objective: 1 Taxonomy: Remembering

1

4) Which of the following is not considered part of the upper respiratory tract?

A) Pharynx B) Larynx C) Nasal cavity D) Alveoli Answer: D Explanation: The organs of the upper respiratory tract are the nose, pharynx, and larynx. The organs of the lower respiratory tract are the trachea, right and left primary bronchi, bronchial tree, and lungs. Gas exchange occurs within the lungs across the walls of alveoli and adjacent capillaries and begins when air enters the alveoli during inhalation.

Page Ref: 235 Question Type: Anatomy and Physiology of the Respiratory System Objective: 1 Taxonomy: Remembering 5) Select the combining form that means "throat."

A) Rhin/o B) Pharyng/o C) Laryng/o D) Trache/o Answer: B Explanation: The throat is the pharynx, so the combining form is pharyng/o. The trachea (trache/o) is the windpipe, and the larynx (laryng/o) is the voice box. Rhin/o refers to the nose.

Page Ref: 235 Question Type: Word Building Objective: 1 Taxonomy: Remembering 6) Select the combining form that means "chest."

A) Tonsill/o B) Trache/o C) Thorac/o D) Pharyng/o Answer: C Explanation: The chest is the body cavity called the thorax (thorac/o). Tonsill/o refers to the tonsils, trache/o refers to the windpipe, and pharyng/o refer to the throat.

Page Ref: 235 Question Type: Word Building Objective: 1 Taxonomy: Remembering

2

7) The prefix that means "normal or good" is: A) eu-.

B) pan-.

C) poly-.

D) an-.

Answer: A Explanation: Eu- means "good or normal." Pan- means "all"; poly-, "many"; and an-, "without or absence of."

Page Ref: 238 Question Type: Word Building Objective: 1 Taxonomy: Remembering 8) The suffix -spasm means: A) puncture to remove fluid.

B) breathing.

C) sudden involuntary muscle contraction.

D) hernia or protrusion.

Answer: C Explanation: -spasm refers to a sudden, involuntary muscle contraction. Centesis is a puncture to remove fluid; -pnea refers to breath or breathing; -cele means "hernia or protrusion."

Page Ref: 238 Question Type: Word Building Objective: 1 Taxonomy: Remembering 9) A term that means "absence of oxygen in the body" is: A) anoxia.

B) hypopnea.

C) hypoventilation.

D) acapnia.

Answer: A Explanation: The prefix an- means "absence or without," and the suffix -oxia, "condition of oxygen." Hypopnea is abnormally shallow breathing. Hypoventilation is a reduced breathing rhythm. Acapnia is a lack of carbon dioxide.

Page Ref: 238 Question Type: Signs and Symptoms of the Respiratory System Objective: 3 Taxonomy: Applying

3

10) The medical term that means "difficult breathing" is: A) tachypnea.

B) apnea.

C) dyspnea.

D) hyperpnea.

Answer: C Explanation: The prefix dys- means "difficult or bad," and the suffix -pnea, "breathing." This is not to be confused with apnea, where the prefix a- indicates the meaning "without breathing."

Tachypnea is rapid breathing. Hyperpnea is abnormally deep breathing or an abnormally high rate of breathing.

Page Ref: 239 Question Type: Signs and Symptoms of the Respiratory System Objective: 3 Taxonomy: Applying 11) Which of the following medical terms is spelled correctly?

A) Paroxsym B) Bradypnia C) Corzya D) Rhinorrhagia Answer: D Explanation: Rhinorrhagia is spelled correctly and refers to a nose bleed. The correct spelling of the other choices is paroxysm, bradypnea, and coryza.

Page Ref: 240 Question Type: Spelling Objective: 4 Taxonomy: Evaluating 12) The medical term for coughing up and spitting out blood is: A) dyspnea.

B) rhinorrhea.

C) hemoptysis.

D) rhinorrhagia.

Answer: C Explanation: The combining form hem/o, meaning "blood," is added to the suffix -ptysis, "to cough up." Dyspnea is difficulty breathing. Rhinorrhea is a runny nose. Rhinorrhagia is a bloody nose.

Page Ref: 240 Question Type: Signs and Symptoms of the Respiratory System Objective: 3 Taxonomy: Applying

4

13) The medical term hypopnea means: A) no breathing.

B) deep breathing.

C) shallow breathing.

D) difficulty breathing.

Answer: C Explanation: The prefix hypo- means "deficient, abnormally low, or below," and the suffix pnea, "breathing." Apnea is no breathing, hyperpnea is deep breathing, and dyspnea is difficulty breathing.

Page Ref: 241 Question Type: Signs and Symptoms of the Respiratory System Objective: 3 Taxonomy: Applying 14) The medical term that means deficient levels of oxygen in the blood is: A) hypoxia.

B) hypocapnia.

C) hypoxemia.

D) anoxia.

Answer: C Explanation: The prefix hypo- means "deficient, abnormally low, or below"; the root ox, "oxygen"; and the suffix -emia, "blood." This is not to be confused with hyp/oxia, which refers to low levels of oxygen throughout the body but not specifically in the blood. Hypocapnia is abnormally low levels of carbon dioxide in the blood. Anoxia is the absence of oxygen.

Page Ref: 241 Question Type: Signs and Symptoms of the Respiratory System Objective: 3 Taxonomy: Applying 15) The medical term for "abnormally low oxygen in the body" is: A) hyperventilation.

B) hypoxia.

C) hypercapnia.

D) hypoventilation.

Answer: B Explanation: The prefix hypo- means "deficient, abnormally low, or below," and the suffix -oxia means "condition of oxygen, referring to low levels in the body." Hyperventilation is abnormally deep breathing or an abnormally high rate of breathing. Hypercapnia is an abnormally high level of carbon dioxide in the blood. Hypoventilation is a reduced breathing rhythm.

Page Ref: 241 Question Type: Signs and Symptoms of the Respiratory System Objective: 3 Taxonomy: Applying

5

16) The medical term for abnormally high amounts of carbon dioxide in the blood is: A) hypoventilation.

B) hypoxia.

C) hyperventilation.

D) hypercapnia.

Answer: D Explanation: The prefix hyper- means "excessive, abnormally high, or above." The suffix capnia means "condition of carbon dioxide." Hypoventilation is a reduced breathing rhythm.

Hyperventilation is abnormally deep breathing or an abnormally high rate of breathing. Hypoxia is abnormally low oxygen levels in the blood.

Page Ref: 241 Question Type: Signs and Symptoms of the Respiratory System Objective: 3 Taxonomy: Applying 17) The medical term for abnormally rapid breathing is: A) hypercapnia.

B) hyperventilation.

C) hypoxia.

D) hypoventilation.

Answer: B Explanation: The prefix hyper- means "excessive, abnormally high, or above normal." The term ventilation means "breathing." Hypercapnia is an excessive amount of carbon dioxide in the blood. Hypoxia is abnormally low oxygen levels in the blood. Hypoventilation is a reduced breathing rhythm.

Page Ref: 241 Question Type: Signs and Symptoms of the Respiratory System Objective: 3 Taxonomy: Applying 18) The medical term for fast breathing is: A) orthopnea.

B) dyspnea.

C) eupnea.

D) tachypnea.

Answer: D Explanation: The prefix tachy- means "rapid or fast," and the suffix -pnea, "breathe." Dys/pnea means "difficult breathing." Orthopnea is difficulty breathing when lying down. Eupnea is normal breathing.

Page Ref: 242 Question Type: Signs and Symptoms of the Respiratory System Objective: 3 Taxonomy: Applying

6

19) The medical term for difficulty breathing when lying down that is relieved when sitting upright is: A) dyspnea.

B) orthopnea.

C) tachypnea.

D) eupnea.

Answer: B Explanation: The combining form orth/o means "straight" and the suffix -pnea, "breath."

Dyspnea is difficulty breathing. Tachypnea is fast breathing. Eupnea is normal breathing.

Page Ref: 241 Question Type: Signs and Symptoms of the Respiratory System Objective: 3 Taxonomy: Applying 20) A condition of the lungs characterized by widespread narrowing of the bronchioles and formation of mucus plugs, producing symptoms of wheezing, shortness of breath, and coughing, is: A) asphyxia.

B) croup.

C) cystic fibrosis.

D) asthma.

Answer: D Explanation: Asthma is a condition of the lungs characterized by narrowing of the bronchioles and formation of mucus plugs. Although altered breathing can occur in the other options, it is due to a different etiology. Cystic fibrosis is genetic, causing excess mucus production, and croup is a viral infection resulting in a barking-type cough. Asphyxia is suffocation.

Page Ref: 245 Question Type: Diseases and Disorders of the Respiratory System Objective: 2 Taxonomy: Remembering 21) A 5-year-old boy comes to the office with his mother. He is wheezing and having difficulty breathing. The doctor believes he might have a condition of the lungs characterized by widespread narrowing of the bronchioles. The medical term for this condition is: A) sinusitis.

B) emphysema.

C) asthma.

D) bronchogenic carcinoma.

Answer: C Explanation: Asthma is a condition of the lungs characterized by narrowing of the bronchioles and formation of mucus plugs. Utilize deconstructing of terms to rule out other answers.

Sinus/itis is inflammation of the sinuses, carcinoma is cancer, and emphysema comes from a Greek word meaning "to inflate."

Page Ref: 245 Question Type: Diseases and Disorders of the Respiratory System Objective: 2 Taxonomy: Applying 7

22) Select the term with the correct spelling.

A) Asthmuh B) Azma C) Azmuh D) Asthma Answer: D Explanation: The correct spelling is asthma, which is pronounced AZ mah. Asthma is a condition of the lungs characterized by narrowing of the bronchioles and formation of mucus plugs.

Page Ref: 245 Question Type: Spelling Objective: 4 Taxonomy: Evaluating 23) The medical term for suffocation is: A) URI. B) asphyxia.

C) epistaxis.

D) tuberculosis.

Answer: B Explanation: The word root meaning "pulse" is sphyx. It is included in the term asphyxia, which is the absence of respiratory ventilation, or suffocation. The constructed form of asphyxia is written a/sphyx/ia and literally means "condition of without pulse." URI is the abbreviation for upper respiratory infection. Epistaxis is a nosebleed. Tuberculosis is a bacterial infection of the lungs.

Page Ref: 244 Question Type: Diseases and Disorders of the Respiratory System Objective: 3 Taxonomy: Applying 24) The medical term for inflammation of the bronchi is: A) laryngitis.

B) pneumonia.

C) sinusitis.

D) bronchitis.

Answer: D Explanation: The root bronch refers to the bronchi, and the suffix -itis means "inflammation."

Laryngitis is inflammation of the larynx. Pneumonia is an inflammation of soft lung tissue excluding the bronchi. Sinusitis is inflammation of the sinuses.

Page Ref: 246 Question Type: Diseases and Disorders of the Respiratory System Objective: 3 Taxonomy: Applying

8

25) The medical term for whooping cough is: A) pleural effusion.

B) pertussis.

C) croup.

D) coccidioidomycosis.

Answer: B Explanation: Pertussis is a Latin word that means "intense cough." It is commonly known as whooping cough because of the noise produced at the end of a cough when the larynx spasms, producing a long inspirational noise. Pleural effusion is leakage of fluid into the pleural cavity.

Croup is a viral infection common in young children. Coccidioidomycosis is a fungal infection of the upper respiratory tract.

Page Ref: 249 Question Type: Diseases and Disorders of the Respiratory System Objective: 2 Taxonomy: Remembering 26) A patient has been a three-pack-per-day smoker for the last 20 years. He comes into the office complaining of shortness of breath. The doctor believes he might have a chronic lung disease where alveoli lose their elasticity and burst. The medical name for this disease is: A) asthma.

B) sinusitis.

C) tonsillitis.

D) emphysema.

Answer: D Explanation: Emphysema is a chronic lung disease characterized by dyspnea, chronic cough, barrel chest, and deterioration related to hypoxemia and hypercapnia. Deconstructing tonsill/itis and sinus/itis can rule them out based on the anatomy. Asthma is characterized by widespread narrowing of the bronchioles and formation of mucous plugs.

Page Ref: 248 Question Type: Diseases and Disorders of the Respiratory System Objective: 2 Taxonomy: Remembering 27) Select the term with the correct spelling.

A) Emphycima B) Emphysema C) Emfiseema D) Emfisima Answer: B Explanation: The correct spelling is emphysema, pronounced "em fih SEE mah." It is a Greek word that means "to inflate," and it is a chronic lung disease characterized by dyspnea, chronic cough, barrel chest, and deterioration related to hypoxemia and hypercapnia.

Page Ref: 248 Question Type: Spelling Objective: 4 Taxonomy: Evaluating 9

28) When a patient arrives at the clinic, she is unable to speak any louder than a whisper. The doctor believes she might have inflammation of the voice box. The medical term for this condition is: A) sinusitis.

B) pharyngitis.

C) laryngitis.

D) bronchitis.

Answer: C Explanation: The client likely has laryngitis, which is inflammation of the larynx or voice box.

All the answers contain the suffix -itis, meaning "inflammation." The roots indicate the anatomical location of the inflammation: sinus, pharynx, larynx, or bronchi.

Page Ref: 249 Question Type: Diseases and Disorders of the Respiratory System Objective: 3 Taxonomy: Applying 29) Inflammation of the lungs caused by chronic inhalation of fine particles, which leads to the formation of a fibrotic tissue around the alveoli and reduces their ability to stretch with incoming air, is: A) pneumonia.

B) rhinomycosis.

C) pneumoconiosis.

D) tuberculosis.

Answer: C Explanation: Pneumoconiosis is inflammation caused by chronic inhalation of fine particles.

The constructed term is pneum/o/coni/osis, which literally means "condition of dusty lungs."

Pneumonia is inflammation of soft lung tissue excluding the bronchi. Rhinomycosis is fungal infection of the nose. Tuberculosis is a bacterial infection of the lungs.

Page Ref: 250 Question Type: Diseases and Disorders of the Respiratory System Objective: 3 Taxonomy: Applying 30) The medical term for inflammation of the soft lung tissue is: A) pneumonia.

B) sinusitis.

C) bronchitis.

D) laryngitis.

Answer: A Explanation: Pneumonia is inflammation of soft lung tissue excluding the bronchi.

Deconstructing pneumon/ia means "condition of the lung." The other answers can be eliminated based on the anatomic region they refer to: sinus, bronchi, and larynx.

Page Ref: 251 Question Type: Diseases and Disorders of the Respiratory System Objective: 3 Taxonomy: Applying 10

31) A blockage in the pulmonary circulation caused by a moving blood clot is a(n): A) pneumatocele.

B) pulmonary cancer.

C) atelectasis.

D) pulmonary embolism.

Answer: D Explanation: An embolism is a clot. The other answers can be eliminated by deconstructing portions of them: -cele, "herniation"; -ectasis, "dilation/expansion"; and cancer.

Page Ref: 252 Question Type: Diseases and Disorders of the Respiratory System Objective: 2 Taxonomy: Remembering 32) Select the medical term for a blood clot that moves along with the bloodstream and lodges in the lung.

A) Pleuritis B) Pneumothorax C) Pneumonia D) Pulmonary embolism Answer: D Explanation: An embolism is a clot. The other answers can be eliminated by deconstructing portions of the term: -itis, "inflammation"; pneum/o, "lung"; and pneumonia, "condition of the lungs."

Page Ref: 252 Question Type: Diseases and Disorders of the Respiratory System Objective: 2 Taxonomy: Remembering 33) A patient has seasonal allergies. When he is exposed to pollen, he develops inflammation of the nose. The medical term for inflammation of the nose is: A) rhinitis.

B) pharyngitis.

C) bronchitis.

D) laryngitis.

Answer: A Explanation: Rhinitis is inflammation of the mucus membrane lining the nasal cavity. The root rhin means "nose" and the suffix -itis means "inflammation." The other answers can be eliminated based on the anatomic region they refer to: pharynx, bronchi, and larynx.

Page Ref: 253 Question Type: Diseases and Disorders of the Respiratory System Objective: 3 Taxonomy: Applying

11

34) The suffix that means "incision into or surgical cut into" is: A) -stomy.

B) -tomy.

C) -pexy.

D) -centesis.

Answer: B Explanation: -tomy is incision or surgical cut. This is not to be confused with -stomy, "the creation of an opening"; -centesis, "surgical puncture"; and -pexy, "surgical fixation."

Page Ref: 256 Question Type: Word Building Objective: 1 Taxonomy: Remembering 35) Choose the correct abbreviation for a clinical test on arterial blood to identify the levels of oxygen and carbon dioxide.

A) SARS B) ABG C) PPD D) COPD Answer: B Explanation: ABG stands for arterial blood gas. SARS is severe acute respiratory syndrome.

PPD is purified protein derivative. COPD is chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.

Page Ref: 258 Question Type: Abbreviations Objective: 4 Taxonomy: Applying 36) The medical term for the removal of fluid with suction is: A) asphyxia.

B) aspiration.

C) apnea.

D) auscultation.

Answer: B Explanation: Aspiration is the removal of fluid with suction. Asphyxia means "suffocation"; apnea, "without breathing"; and auscultation, "listening to breath sounds."

Page Ref: 258 Question Type: Treatments, Procedures, and Devices of the Respiratory System Objective: 2 Taxonomy: Remembering

12

37) Select the correct medical term for the process of measuring oxygen in the blood.

A) Spirometer B) Oximeter C) Oximetry D) Spirometry Answer: C Explanation: Oximetry is the process of measuring oxygen in the blood. Two answers– spirometer and oximeter–can be eliminated because of the suffix -meter, which is a measuring tool. Of the other two, ox/i means "oxygen," and spir/o, "breathe."

Page Ref: 264 Question Type: Treatments, Procedures, and Devices of the Respiratory System Objective: 3 Taxonomy: Applying 38) Select the correct medical term for an instrument used to measure breathing volumes.

A) Oximeter B) Oximetry C) Spirometry D) Spirometer Answer: D Explanation: A spirometer is an instrument used to measure breathing volumes. Two answers– oximetry and spirometry–can be eliminated because of the suffix -metry, which means "the process of measuring." Of the other two, ox/i means "oxygen" and spir/o means "breathe."

Page Ref: 266 Question Type: Treatments, Procedures, and Devices of the Respiratory System Objective: 3 Taxonomy: Applying 39) Which of the following terms refers to a nosebleed?

A) Epistaxis B) Rhinoplasty C) Rhinorrhea D) Septoplasty Answer: A Explanation: Epistaxis refers to a nosebleed. The suffix -plasty means "surgical repair," eliminating rhinoplasty and septoplasty. The suffix -rrhea means "flow or discharge," as in a runny nose, and -staxis means "dripping."

Page Ref: 240 Question Type: Treatments, Procedures, and Devices of the Respiratory System Objective: 3 Taxonomy: Applying

13

40) A patient does not like the appearance of her nose and decides to see a plastic surgeon about it. The surgeon recommends surgical repair of the nose. The medical term for this procedure is: A) rhinoplasty.

B) rhinorrhea.

C) rhinitis.

D) rhinorrhagia.

Answer: A Explanation: The medical term for repair of the nose is rhinoplasty. All terms indicate the root rhin for nose. The suffix -plasty means "surgical repair"; -rrhagia, "abnormal discharge"; -rrhea, "discharge"; and -itis, "inflammation."

Page Ref: 267 Question Type: Treatments, Procedures, and Devices of the Respiratory System Objective: 3 Taxonomy: Applying 41) A nurse is starting a new job in a clinic. Prior to starting, she needs to have a skin test used to determine the presence of tuberculosis infection. This test is also known as a skin test.

A) COPD B) PE C) PPD D) CF Answer: C Explanation: PPD stands for purified protein derivative, which is utilized to test for tuberculosis.

It is also called the TB skin test or Mantoux test. COPD is chronic obstructive pulomonary disease. PE is pulmonary embolism. CF is cystic fibrosis.

Page Ref: 268 Question Type: Treatments, Procedures, and Devices of the Respiratory System Objective: 4 Taxonomy: Applying 42) The medical term for an incision in the chest wall is: A) thoracentesis.

B) thoracotomy.

C) tracheostomy.

D) tracheotomy.

Answer: B Explanation: Thoracotomy is an incision into the chest wall. Two of the answers–tracheostomy and tracheotomy–are eliminated based on the anatomical region; they refer to the trachea. The other two answers indicate the root thorac for "thorax." Centesis means "surgical puncture" and tomy means "incision."

Page Ref: 269 Question Type: Treatments, Procedures, and Devices of the Respiratory System Objective: 3 Taxonomy: Applying

14

43) The medical term for creation of an opening in the trachea is: A) tracheostenosis.

B) thoracentesis.

C) tracheostomy.

D) thoracotomy.

Answer: C Explanation: A tracheostomy is the creation of an opening in the trachea. Two of the answers– thoracentesis and thoracotomy–are eliminated based on the anatomical region; they refer to the thorax. The other two answers indicate the root trache for "trachea," but sten/osis means "narrowing" and so tracheostenosis can be eliminated, whereas -stomy means "creation of an opening."

Page Ref: 269 Question Type: Treatments, Procedures, and Devices of the Respiratory System Objective: 3 Taxonomy: Applying 44) The medical term tracheotomy means: A) surgical creation of an opening into the trachea.

B) surgical repair of the trachea.

C) incision into the trachea.

D) surgical puncture into the chest cavity.

Answer: C Explanation: The root trache refers to the trachea and the suffix -tomy to surgical incision. This is not to be confused with the suffix -stomy, "the creation of an opening." The suffix -plasty refers to repair, and the suffix -centesis refers to surgical puncture.

Page Ref: 269 Question Type: Treatments, Procedures, and Devices of the Respiratory System Objective: 3 Taxonomy: Applying 45) The term that means "without sound or voice" is .

Answer: aphonia Page Ref: 238 Question Type: Signs and Symptoms of the Respiratory System Objective: 3 Taxonomy: Evaluating 46) The medical term epistaxis is used for bleeding from the Answer: nose Page Ref: 240 Question Type: Signs and Symptoms of the Respiratory System Objective: 2 Taxonomy: Remembering

15

.

47) The medical term that means "hoarseness of the voice" is Answer: dysphonia Page Ref: 239 Question Type: Signs and Symptoms of the Respiratory System Objective: 3 Taxonomy: Evaluating

.

48) The medical term for difficult breathing is .

Answer: dyspnea Page Ref: 239 Question Type: Signs and Symptoms of the Respiratory System Objective: 3 Taxonomy: Evaluating 49) When blood pools inside the cavity surrounding the lungs, it is called a(n) Answer: hemothorax Page Ref: 240 Question Type: Signs and Symptoms of the Respiratory System Objective: 2 Taxonomy: Evaluating

.

50) The medical term that means "difficulty breathing except in an upright position" is .

Answer: orthopnea Page Ref: 241 Question Type: Signs and Symptoms of the Respiratory System Objective: 2 Taxonomy: Evaluating 51) A term for excessively fast breathing is or hyperventilation.

Answer: tachypnea Page Ref: 242 Question Type: Signs and Symptoms of the Respiratory System Objective: 2 Taxonomy: Evaluating 52) Mr. Smith reports coughing up phlegm for the last week. The medical term for this mucusfilled material that is coughed up and spat out (expectorated) is .

Answer: sputum Page Ref: 242 Question Type: Signs and Symptoms of the Respiratory System Objective: 2 Taxonomy: Remembering

16

53) The combining form that means "imperfect or incomplete" is Answer: atel/o, atelo Page Ref: 244 Question Type: Word Building Objective: 1 Taxonomy: Remembering 54) The suffix -ectasis means "expansion or Answer: dilation Page Ref: 244 Question Type: Word Building Objective: 1 Taxonomy: Remembering

.

."

55) Inflammation of the bronchi is called .

Answer: bronchitis Page Ref: 246 Question Type: Diseases and Disorders of the Respiratory System Objective: 3 Taxonomy: Evaluating 56) Chronic inflammation of the larynx, trachea, and bronchi is known as Answer: laryngotracheobronchitis Page Ref: 247 Question Type: Diseases and Disorders of the Respiratory System Objective: 3 Taxonomy: Evaluating 57) Inflammation of the nose and throat is called .

Answer: nasopharyngitis Page Ref: 249 Question Type: Diseases and Disorders of the Respiratory System Objective: 3 Taxonomy: Evaluating 58) Inflammation of the throat is called .

Answer: pharyngitis Page Ref: 250 Question Type: Diseases and Disorders of the Respiratory System Objective: 3 Taxonomy: Evaluating

17

.

59) Inflammation of soft lung tissue in which the alveoli become filled with fluids, and which is caused by bacterial, viral, or fungal infection, is .

Answer: pneumonia Page Ref: 251 Question Type: Diseases and Disorders of the Respiratory System Objective: 2 Taxonomy: Remembering 60) The presence of air or gas inside the pleural cavity is called a(n) Answer: pneumothorax Page Ref: 252 Question Type: Diseases and Disorders of the Respiratory System Objective: 2 Taxonomy: Evaluating

.

61) Inflammation of the sinuses is called .

Answer: sinusitis Page Ref: 254 Question Type: Diseases and Disorders of the Respiratory System Objective: 3 Taxonomy: Evaluating 62) The presence of pus inside the pleural cavity is called a(n) Answer: pyothorax Page Ref: 253 Question Type: Diseases and Disorders of the Respiratory System Objective: 3 Taxonomy: Evaluating

or empyema.

63) Viewing the bronchi using an instrument is called .

Answer: bronchoscopy Page Ref: 259 Question Type: Treatments, Procedures, and Devices of the Respiratory System Objective: 3 Taxonomy: Evaluating 64) A device that pushes air into a patient's airway is called a mechanical Answer: ventilator Page Ref: 263 Question Type: Treatments, Procedures, and Devices of the Respiratory System Objective: 2 Taxonomy: Remembering

18

.

65) A device that converts liquid medicine into a mist that can be inhaled is a(n) Answer: nebulizer Page Ref: 264 Question Type: Treatments, Procedures, and Devices of the Respiratory System Objective: 2 Taxonomy: Remembering 66) Excision of a lung is known as .

Answer: pneumonectomy, pneumectomy Page Ref: 265 Question Type: Treatments, Procedures, and Devices of the Respiratory System Objective: 3 Taxonomy: Evaluating 67) The acronym COPD stands for . (four words) Answer: chronic obstructive pulmonary disease Page Ref: 272 Question Type: Abbreviations Objective: 4 Taxonomy: Remembering 68) The correct abbreviation for tuberculosis is Answer: TB Page Ref: 272 Question Type: Abbreviations Objective: 4 Taxonomy: Remembering

.

69) PE is the abbreviation for Answer: pulmonary embolism Page Ref: 272 Question Type: Abbreviations Objective: 4 Taxonomy: Remembering

. (two words)

70) URI is the abbreviation for Answer: upper respiratory infection Page Ref: 272 Question Type: Abbreviations Objective: 4 Taxonomy: Remembering

. (three words)

19

.

Provide the term based on the brief definition.

71) Bleeding from the nose Answer: rhinorrhagia, epistaxis Page Ref: 240 Question Type: Signs and Symptoms of the Respiratory System Objective: 3 Taxonomy: Evaluating 72) Chest pain, thoracodynia, or Answer: thoracalgia Page Ref: 242 Question Type: Signs and Symptoms of the Respiratory System Objective: 3 Taxonomy: Evaluating 73) Inflammation of the larynx (voice box) Answer: laryngitis Page Ref: 249 Question Type: Diseases and Disorders of the Respiratory System Objective: 3 Taxonomy: Evaluating 74) Process of viewing the larynx (voice box) Answer: laryngoscopy Page Ref: 263 Question Type: Treatments, Procedures, and Devices of the Respiratory System Objective: 3 Taxonomy: Evaluating 75) Process of measuring oxygen in the blood is pulse .

Answer: oximetry Page Ref: 264 Question Type: Treatments, Procedures, and Devices of the Respiratory System Objective: 3 Taxonomy: Evaluating 76) Instrument for measuring breathing Answer: spirometer Page Ref: 266 Question Type: Treatments, Procedures, and Devices of the Respiratory System Objective: 3 Taxonomy: Evaluating

20

77) Surgical repair of the nose Answer: rhinoplasty Page Ref: 267 Question Type: Treatments, Procedures, and Devices of the Respiratory System Objective: 3 Taxonomy: Evaluating 78) Surgical creation of an opening in the trachea Answer: tracheostomy Page Ref: 269 Question Type: Treatments, Procedures, and Devices of the Respiratory System Objective: 3 Taxonomy: Evaluating 79) Incision into the chest Answer: thoracotomy Page Ref: 269 Question Type: Treatments, Procedures, and Devices of the Respiratory System Objective: 3 Taxonomy: Evaluating 80) The patient's X-ray showed atelectasis. The nurse knows this is an absence of gas in the lungs due to a failure of alveolar expansion.

Answer: TRUE Page Ref: 245 Question Type: Diseases and Disorders of the Respiratory System Objective: 2 Taxonomy: Applying 81) The medical term bronchiectasis means "dilation of the bronchi."

Answer: TRUE Page Ref: 245 Question Type: Diseases and Disorders of the Respiratory System Objective: 2 Taxonomy: Applying 82) Bronchopneumonia is caused by a bacterial infection that involves only the soft tissue of the lungs.

Answer: FALSE Explanation: Deconstructing the term bronch/o/pneumon/ia indicates that it involves the bronchi in addition to the lung soft tissue.

Page Ref: 247 Question Type: Diseases and Disorders of the Respiratory System Objective: 2 Taxonomy: Applying

21

83) Clear fluid discharge from the nose is rhinorrhagia.

Answer: FALSE Explanation: Deconstructing the term indicates the combining form for "nose," rhin/o, and the suffix -rrhagia, "abnormal discharge." With the nose, the discharge is blood.

Page Ref: 240 Question Type: Signs and Symptoms of the Respiratory System Objective: 2 Taxonomy: Applying 84) Cystic fibrosis is a hereditary disease characterized by excess mucus production in the respiratory tract and elsewhere.

Answer: TRUE Page Ref: 248 Question Type: Diseases and Disorders of the Respiratory System Objective: 2 Taxonomy: Remembering 85) A pneumothorax is the presence of blood in the pleural cavity.

Answer: FALSE Explanation: Pneum/o indicates that there is air in the pleural cavity. A hemothorax is blood.

Page Ref: 252 Question Type: Diseases and Disorders of the Respiratory System Objective: 2 Taxonomy: Applying 86) NRDS is an acute adult respiratory disease.

Answer: FALSE Explanation: NRDS is neonatal respiratory distress syndrome. The word neo/natal indicates that the condition affects newborns.

Page Ref: 253 Question Type: Diseases and Disorders of the Respiratory System Objective: 2 Taxonomy: Remembering 87) Narrowing of the trachea is known as tracheostenosis.

Answer: TRUE Page Ref: 254 Question Type: Diseases and Disorders of the Respiratory System Objective: 2 Taxonomy: Applying 88) Spirometry is the procedure of evaluating lung capacity.

Answer: TRUE Page Ref: 266 Question Type: Treatments, Procedures, and Devices of the Respiratory System Objective: 2 Taxonomy: Applying 22

89) A surgical puncture into the chest cavity to aspirate fluid is known as thoracentesis.

Answer: TRUE Page Ref: 268 Question Type: Treatments, Procedures, and Devices of the Respiratory System Objective: 2 Taxonomy: Applying 90) The respiratory system brings oxygen into the bloodstream, through which it is transported to all body cells.

Answer: TRUE Page Ref: 235 Question Type: Anatomy and Physiology Objective: 1 Taxonomy: Remembering 91) When you exhale, carbon dioxide flows out of the lungs through the same route but in the opposite direction.

Answer: TRUE Page Ref: 235 Question Type: Anatomy and Physiology Objective: 1 Taxonomy: Remembering 92) Lung disease is treated by a pulmonary specialist or pulmonologist, disease of the pharynx is treated by a nose and throat specialist or otolaryngologist, and lung cancer is treated by a cancer specialist or oncologist.

Answer: TRUE Page Ref: 237 Question Type: Medical Terms of the Reproductive System Objective: 3 Taxonomy: Applying 93) The combining form -capn/o means " carbon dioxide."

Answer: TRUE Page Ref: 238 Question Type: Word Building Objective: 1 Taxonomy: Remembering 94) The suffix meaning "condition of oxygen" is -oxia.

Answer: TRUE Page Ref: 238 Question Type: Word Building Objective: 1 Taxonomy: Remembering

23

95) The suffix -pnea means "slow."

Answer: FALSE Explanation: The suffix -pnea means "breath."

Page Ref: 238 Question Type: Word Building Objective: 1 Taxonomy: Remembering 96) A condition of the lungs that is characterized by widespread narrowing of the bronchioles and formation of mucous plugs is known as asphyxia.

Answer: FALSE Explanation: A condition of the lungs that is characterized by widespread narrowing of the bronchioles and formation of mucous plugs is known as asthma.

Page Ref: 245 Question Type: Diseases and Disorders of the Respiratory System Objective: 3 Taxonomy: Remembering 97) The constructed form of the term bronchiectasis is written bron/chi/ectasis.

Answer: FALSE Explanation: The constructed form of the term bronchiectasis is written bronchi/ectasis. The word root is bronch.

Page Ref: 245 Question Type: Word Building Objective: 1 Taxonomy: Applying 98) A slow form of cancer arising from cells within the bronchi is known as bronchogenic carcinoma.

Answer: FALSE Explanation: An aggressive form of cancer arising from cells within the bronchi is known as bronchogenic carcinoma.

Page Ref: 246 Question Type: Diseases and Disorders of the Respiratory System Objective: 2 Taxonomy: Remembering

24

Match the combining form with the correct definition.

A) voice box B) dust C) fungus D) lung E) a rounded part F) throat G) opening into the windpipe H) oxygen I) incomplete J) chest 99) atel/o 100) coni/o 101) glott/o 102) laryng/o 103) myc/o 104) ox/i 105) pharyng/o 106) lob/o 107) pulmon/o 108) thorac/o Answers: 99) I 100) B 101) G 102) A 103) C 104) H 105) F 106) E 107) D 108) J

25

Medical Terminology Complete! 4e (Wingerd) Chapter 10 The Digestive System 1) Select the combining form that means "small intestine."

A) Cholecyst/o B) Pancreat/o C) Enter/o D) Gastr/o Answer: C Explanation: Enter/o means "small intestine." Choledoch/o means "common bile duct," pancreat/o means "pancreas," and gastr/o means "stomach."

Page Ref: 280 Question Type: Word Building Objective: 1 Taxonomy: Remembering 2) Select the combining form that means "digestion."

A) Phag/o B) Pancreat/o C) Peps/o D) Polyp/o Answer: C Explanation: Peps/o means "digestion." Phag/o means "eat or swallow," pancreat/o means "pancreas," and polyp/o means "small growth."

Page Ref: 280 Question Type: Word Building Objective: 1 Taxonomy: Remembering 3) Which of the following is a segment of the large intestine?

A) Jejunum B) Cecum C) Duodenum D) Ileum Answer: B Explanation: The cecum is a segment of the large intestine. The jejunum, duodenum, and ileum are all segments of the small intestine.

Page Ref: 280 Question Type: Anatomy and Physiology of the Digestive System Objective: 2 Taxonomy: Remembering

1

4) A specialist in treating disease of the stomach and intestines is a: A) proctologist.

B) hepatobiliary specialist.

C) gastroenterologist.

D) cardiologist.

Answer: C Explanation: A gastroenterologist treats diseases of the stomach and intestines (as suggested by the roots gastr and enter). A proctologist treats diseases of the rectum, a hepatobiliary specialist treats diseases of the liver, and a cardiologist treats diseases of the heart.

Page Ref: 283 Question Type: Medical Terms of the Digestive System Objective: 3 Taxonomy: Applying 5) Select the combining form that means to eat or swallow.

A) Polyp/o B) Phag/o C) Peps/o D) Pancreat/o Answer: B Explanation: Phag/o meants to eat or swallow. Peps/o means "digestion," pancreat/o means "pancreas," and polyp/o means "small growth."

Page Ref: 284 Question Type: Signs and Symptoms of the Digestive System Objective: 1 Taxonomy: Remembering 6) Select the medical term for infrequent or incomplete bowel movements.

A) Diarrhea B) Jaundice C) Dyspepsia D) Constipation Answer: D Explanation: Constipation is the term for infrequent or incomplete bowel movements. If the definition of constipation or the other terms is not memorized, deconstruct portions of the answers to eliminate them. Doing so reveals that -rrhea means "discharge," jaundice means "yellow," and peps/o means "digestion."

Page Ref: 284 Question Type: Signs and Symptoms of the Digestive System Objective: 2 Taxonomy: Remembering

2

7) The medical term for accumulation of fluid in the peritoneal cavity is: A) appendicitis.

B) aphagia.

C) ascites.

D) anorexia.

Answer: C Explanation: Ascites is the term for accumulation of fluid in the peritoneal cavity. If the definition of ascites or the other terms is not memorized, deconstruct portions of the answers to eliminate them. Doing so will reveals that append means "appendix," phag " means eat or swallow," and orex means "appetite."

Page Ref: 284 Question Type: Signs and Symptoms of the Digestive System Objective: 2 Taxonomy: Remembering 8) The term that means "bad breath" is: A) steatorrhea.

B) halitosis.

C) reflux.

D) cheilosis.

Answer: B Explanation: Halitosis is the term for bad breath. The root halit means "breath" and -osis means "condition." Steatorrhea is abnormal levels of fat in feces, reflux is backward flow of material in the GI tract, and cheilosis is splitting of the lips and corners of the mouth.

Page Ref: 285 Question Type: Signs and Symptoms of the Digestive System Objective: 3 Taxonomy: Applying 9) The medical term for indigestion is: A) dyspepsia.

B) aphagia.

C) dysphagia.

D) gastrodynia.

Answer: A Explanation: Dyspepsia is the term for indigestion The prefix dys- means "bad, difficult, or abnormal." The root peps means "digestion" and the suffix -ia means "condition." Aphagia is the inability to swallow, dysphagia is difficulty swallowing, and gastrodynia is stomach pain.

Page Ref: 285 Question Type: Signs and Symptoms of the Digestive System Objective: 3 Taxonomy: Applying

3

10) The medical term for "difficult swallowing" is: A) dysphagia.

B) diverticulosis.

C) diarrhea.

D) dyspepsia.

Answer: A Explanation: Dysphagia is the term for difficult swallowing. The prefix dys- means "bad, difficult, or abnormal." The root phag means "eat or swallow" and the suffix -ia means "condition." Diverticulosis is the presence of small pouches in the wall of the colon, diarrhea is the frequent discharge of watery fecal material, and dyspepsia is indigestion.

Page Ref: 285 Question Type: Signs and Symptoms of the Digestive System Objective: 3 Taxonomy: Applying 11) The medical term for the passage of gas through the anus is: A) flatulence.

B) choledocholithiasis.

C) diverticulosis.

D) steatorrhea.

Answer: A Explanation: Flatulence is the term for the passage of gas through the anus. The term flatus is a Latin word that means "a blowing." Deconstructing portions of the other answers can also help eliminate them. Doing so reveals that lith means "stone," diverticul/o means "diverticulum," and steat/o means "fat."

Page Ref: 285 Question Type: Signs and Symptoms of the Digestive System Objective: 2 Taxonomy: Remembering 12) The medical term for discharge of fat in the stool is: A) choledocholithiasis.

B) flatulence.

C) constipation.

D) steatorrhea.

Answer: D Explanation: Steatorrhea is the term for the discharge of fat in the stool. The root steat/o means "fat" and the suffix -rrhea means "discharge." Choledocholithiasis is a condition of inflammation and stones in the common bile ducts, flatulence is the passage of gas through the anus, and constipation is infrequent or incomplete bowel movements.

Page Ref: 286 Question Type: Signs and Symptoms of the Digestive System Objective: 3 Taxonomy: Applying

4

13) Your patient is a 14-year-old girl. Even though she is 6 feet tall, she weighs only 100 pounds.

Her doctor suspects she might have an eating disorder that causes her to avoid food due to a compulsion to become thin. The medical name for this condition is: A) irritable bowel syndrome.

B) cirrhosis.

C) anorexia nervosa.

D) Crohn disease.

Answer: C Explanation: Anorexia nervosa is the term for an eating disorder in which the patient avoids food due to a compulsion to become thin. The term an/orex/ia nervosa literally means "nervous condition of absence of appetite." Irritable bowel syndrome is a disease in which bowel function is periodically disturbed without clear physical damage, cirrhosis is a chronic progressive liver disease, and Crohn disease is chronic inflammation of any part of the GI tract.

Page Ref: 289 Question Type: Diseases and Disorders of the Digestive System Objective: 3 Taxonomy: Applying 14) A chronic, progressive liver disease characterized by the gradual loss of liver cells is: A) intussusception.

B) cirrhosis.

C) volvulus.

D) Crohn disease.

Answer: B Explanation: Cirrhosis is a chronic, progressive liver disease characterized by the gradual loss of liver cells. Due to the by-product of cell breakdown, the skin becomes yellow-orange, indicated by the cirrh root. Intussusception is the infolding of a segment of small intestine within another segment, volvulus is a severe twisting of the intestine that leads to obstruction, and Crohn disease is chronic inflammation of any part of the GI tract.

Page Ref: 291 Question Type: Diseases and Disorders of the Digestive System Objective: 2 Taxonomy: Remembering 15) The medical term for the condition of stones in the gallbladder or bile ducts is: A) cholecystitis.

B) cholelithiasis.

C) choledocholithotomy.

D) cholecystectomy.

Answer: B Explanation: Cholelithiasis is the term for stones in the gallbladder or bile ducts. The root chol/e means "bile or gall"; lith, "stone"; and the suffix -iasis, "condition of." The other terms can be eliminated by their suffixes: -itis means "inflammation" and -tomy means "incision."

Page Ref: 290 Question Type: Diseases and Disorders of the Digestive System Objective: 3 Taxonomy: Applying 5

16) Select the term with the correct spelling.

A) Cirrhosis B) Sirosis C) Cerosis D) Seerhosis Answer: A Explanation: Cirrhosis is spelled correctly and refers to a chronic, progressive liver disease characterized by the gradual loss of liver cells. It is pronounced "ser ROH siss."

Page Ref: 291 Question Type: Spelling Objective: 4 Taxonomy: Evaluating 17) The medical term for a chronic liver disease characterized by the gradual loss of liver cells and replacement with fat and connective tissue is: A) cirrhosis.

B) cheilitis.

C) cleft palate.

D) colitis.

Answer: A Explanation: Cirrhosis is the term for a chronic liver disease characterized by the gradual loss of liver cells and replacement with fat and connective tissue. Two of the other answers can be eliminated by deconstructing them. The suffix -itis means "inflammation," which is not mentioned in the question. The palate is located in the upper mouth and is not associated with the liver.

Page Ref: 291 Question Type: Diseases and Disorders of the Digestive System Objective: 2 Taxonomy: Remembering 18) Select the term with the correct spelling.

A) Croan's disease B) Crohn's disease C) Krone's disease D) Keroan's disease Answer: B Explanation: Crohn's disease is spelled correctly and is chronic inflammation of any part of the GI tract. .It is pronounced "KRONZ * dih ZEEZ" and is named for the doctor who first diagnosed it.

Page Ref: 293 Question Type: Spelling Objective: 4 Taxonomy: Evaluating

6

19) The medical term for inflammation of the colon is: A) esophagitis.

B) cholecystitis.

C) hepatitis.

D) colitis.

Answer: D Explanation: Colitis is inflammation of the colon. The root col means "colon" and the suffix -itis means "inflammation." Esophagitis is inflammation of the esophagus, cholecystitis is inflammation of the gall bladder, and hepatitis is inflammation of the liver.

Page Ref: 292 Question Type: Diseases and Disorders of the Digestive System Objective: 3 Taxonomy: Applying 20) Enteritis means: A) removal of the stomach.

B) inflammation of the intestines.

C) inflammation of the stomach.

D) removal of the intestines.

Answer: B Explanation: Enteritis is inflammation of the intestines. The root enter means "small intestine" and the suffix -itis means "inflammation." Gastrectomy is removal of the stomach, gastritis is inflammation of the stomach, and a resection is a removal of the intestines.

Page Ref: 294 Question Type: Diseases and Disorders of the Digestive System Objective: 3 Taxonomy: Applying 21) The medical term for inflammation of the stomach is: A) gastrectomy.

B) gastroscopy.

C) gastritis.

D) gastrodynia.

Answer: C Explanation: Gastritis is inflammation of the stomach. The root gastr means "stomach" and the suffix -itis means "inflammation." Gastrectomy is removal of the stomach, gastroscopy is visualization of the stomach through a gastroscope, and gastrodynia is stomach pain.

Page Ref: 296 Question Type: Diseases and Disorders of the Digestive System Objective: 3 Taxonomy: Applying

7

22) Inflammation of the tongue is: A) stomatitis.

B) glossitis.

C) gingivitis.

D) palatitis.

Answer: B Explanation: Glossitis is inflammation of the tongue. The root gloss means "tongue" and the suffix -itis means "inflammation." Stomatitis is inflammation of the mouth, gingivitis is inflammation of the gums, and palatitis is inflammation of the palate.

Page Ref: 297 Question Type: Diseases and Disorders of the Digestive System Objective: 3 Taxonomy: Applying 23) A varicose condition of veins in the anus that results in painful swellings is a(n): A) hernia.

B) ileum.

C) hemorrhoid.

D) polyp.

Answer: C Explanation: A hemorrhoid is a varicose condition of veins in the anus that results in painful swelling. This term literally means "resembling leakage of blood." A hernia is an abnormal protrusion through a body wall, the ileum is a segment of the small intestine, and a polyp is an abnormal mass of tissue that projects inward from the wall of a hollow organ.

Page Ref: 298 Question Type: Diseases and Disorders of the Digestive System Objective: 2 Taxonomy: Remembering 24) This disease involves a recurring backflow of stomach contents into the esophagus.

A) EGD B) IBS C) FOBT D) GERD Answer: D Explanation: GERD stands for gastr/o/esophag/e/al reflux disease, which is recurring backflow of stomach contents into the esophagus. EGD is esophagogastroduodenoscopy, IBS is irritable bowel syndrome, and FOBT is fecal occult blood test.

Page Ref: 296 Question Type: Diseases and Disorders of the Digestive System Objective: 2 Taxonomy: Remembering

8

25) The medical term for inflammation of the gums is: A) gingivitis.

B) cheilitis.

C) proctitis.

D) gastritis.

Answer: A Explanation: Gingivitis is inflammation of the gums. The root gingiv means "gums" and the suffix -itis means "inflammation." Cheilitis is cracking of the lips and corners of the mouth, proctitis is inflammation of the anus, and gastritis is inflammation of the stomach.

Page Ref: 297 Question Type: Diseases and Disorders of the Digestive System Objective: 3 Taxonomy: Applying 26) A protrusion of a loop of the small intestine through the abdominal wall in the groin region is a(n): A) umbilical hernia.

B) hiatal hernia.

C) strangulated hernia.

D) inguinal hernia.

Answer: D Explanation: An inguinal hernia is a protrusion of the small intestine through the abdominal wall in the groin region. The groin region is called the inguinal region. An umbilical hernia is a hernia of the intestine into the navel region, a hiatal hernia is a hernia of the stomach into the thoracic cavity, and a strangulated hernia of any type of is a hernia in which blood flow is restricted in the protruding organ.

Page Ref: 299 Question Type: Diseases and Disorders of the Digestive System Objective: 2 Taxonomy: Remembering 27) The medical term for a protrusion of the upper portion of the stomach through the diaphragm to enter the thoracic cavity is: A) umbilical hernia.

B) intussusception.

C) hiatal hernia.

D) inguinal hernia.

Answer: C Explanation: A hiatal hernia is a protrusion of the upper portion of the stomach into the thoracic cavity. The specific portion of the diaphragm the stomach herniates through is called the hiatus.

An umbilical hernia is a hernia of the intestine into the navel region, an intussusception is the infolding of a segment of small intestine within another segment, and an inguinal hernia is a protrusion of the small intestine through the abdominal wall in the groin region.

Page Ref: 299 Question Type: Diseases and Disorders of the Digestive System Objective: 2 Taxonomy: Remembering 9

28) When blood flow is restricted to a protruding organ, it is called a(n): A) inguinal hernia.

B) umbilical hernia.

C) hiatal hernia.

D) strangulated hernia.

Answer: D Explanation: A strangulated hernia of any type of is a hernia in which blood flow is restricted in the protruding organ. An inguinal hernia is a protrusion of the small intestine through the abdominal wall in the groin region, an umbilical hernia is a hernia of the intestine into the navel region, and a hiatal hernia is a hernia of the stomach into the thoracic cavity.

Page Ref: 299 Question Type: Diseases and Disorders of the Digestive System Objective: 2 Taxonomy: Remembering 29) Irritable bowel syndrome is: A) an erosion in the wall of the stomach, duodenum, or any other part of the GI tract exposed to gastric juice.

B) a lack of the enzyme lactase in the small intestine, producing symptoms of gas production when dairy foods are consumed.

C) a chronic disease characterized by periodic disturbances of diarrhea and constipation without clear physical damage.

D) a syndrome affecting the intestines characterized by a wide range of symptoms and conditions, ranging from diarrhea to ulcerative colitis and Crohn disease.

Answer: C Explanation: The term irritable "bowel" in the question indicates disturbances of large intestine function. The other answers are eliminated because they do not involve the large intestine or add too many additional symptoms.

Page Ref: 300 Question Type: Diseases and Disorders of the Digestive System Objective: 2 Taxonomy: Remembering

10

30) A patient presents to the clinic complaining of bloating, abdominal discomfort, and irregular bowel movements. His doctor thinks he might have a chronic disease characterized by periodic disturbances of large bowel function without clear physical damage. The name for this disease is: A) intussusception.

B) irritable bowel syndrome.

C) diverticulosis.

D) appendicitis.

Answer: B Explanation: Irritable bowel syndrome is a chronic disease characterized by periodic disturbances of large bowel function without clear physical damage. Analysis of the other terms eliminates them: diverticul is the root for diverticula, which are small pouches, append is the root for appendix, and intussusception is a combination of Latin words that collectively mean "to take within."

Page Ref: 300 Question Type: Diseases and Disorders of the Digestive System Objective: 2 Taxonomy: Remembering 31) A polyp is: A) a growth from the wall of the colon into the center of the colon.

B) an empty pouch that extends outward from the colon.

C) an infolding of a segment of the intestine within another segment.

D) an eroded area in the stomach or intestine.

Answer: A Explanation: A polyp is literally a small growth. It is usually benign and grows from the wall of an organ toward the center. Diverticula are pouches in the colon, intussusception is infolding of a segment of intestine, and an ulcer is an eroded area of the stomach or intestine.

Page Ref: 303 Question Type: Diseases and Disorders of the Digestive System Objective: 2 Taxonomy: Remembering 32) Select the medical term for the presence of many small growths.

A) Polypectomy B) Diverticulosis C) Polyposis D) Parotitis Answer: C Explanation: Polyposis is the presence of many small growths. The root polyp means "small growth" and the suffix -osis means "condition of." Polypectomy is removal of polyps, diverticulosis is the presence of small pouches in the colon wall, and parotitis is inflammation of the parotid glands.

Page Ref: 303 Question Type: Diseases and Disorders of the Digestive System Objective: 3 Taxonomy: Applying 11

33) A combining form that means "abdomen" is: A) stomat/o.

B) gastr/o.

C) cheil/o.

D) lapar/o.

Answer: D Explanation: The Greek word for "soft abdomen" is lapara, which serves as the origin for the combining form for "abdomen," lapar/o. Stomat/o means "mouth," gastr/o means "stomach," and cheil/o means "lip."

Page Ref: 306 Question Type: Treatments, Procedures, and Devices of the Digestive System Objective: 1 Taxonomy: Remembering 34) This type of drug reduces the acidity of the stomach.

A) Antispasmodic B) Antacid C) Laxative D) Antiemetic Answer: B Explanation: The prefix anti- means "against" and the root is acid. Note the letter i is deleted from the prefix anti- to make antacid easier to pronounce. Antispasmodics reduce peristalsis in the GI tract, laxatives cause peristalsis and promote elimination, and antiemetics stops vomiting.

Page Ref: 307 Question Type: Treatments, Procedures, and Devices of the Digestive System Objective: 3 Taxonomy: Applying 35) A medication that is used to decrease peristalsis in the GI tract to stop diarrhea is a(n): A) antispasmodic.

B) cathartic.

C) antiemetic.

D) antacid.

Answer: A Explanation: The prefix anti- means "against," and the suffix -spasmodic, "pertaining to a sudden, involuntary muscle contraction." A cathartic stimulates peristalsis in the colon, an antiemetic stops vomiting, and an antacid reduces acidity in the stomach.

Page Ref: 307 Question Type: Treatments, Procedures, and Devices of the Digestive System Objective: 3 Taxonomy: Applying

12

36) The surgical creation of an opening into the colon by way of the abdominal wall is a(n): A) gastrostomy.

B) colostomy.

C) ileostomy.

D) colectomy.

Answer: B Explanation: The combining form col/o means "colon" and the suffix -stomy means "surgical creation of an opening." Gastrostomy is a surgical opening in the stomach, ileostomy is a surgical opening in the small intestine, and colectomy is surgical removal of the colon.

Page Ref: 310 Question Type: Treatments, Procedures, and Devices of the Digestive System Objective: 3 Taxonomy: Applying 37) The medical term for visual examination of the stomach using a long flexible tube and camera is: A) gastroscopy.

B) colonoscopy.

C) gastrostomy.

D) colostomy.

Answer: A Explanation: A gastroscopy is a visual examination of the stomach using a gastroscope. The combining form gastr/o means "stomach" and the suffix -scopy means "the process of viewing."

A colonoscopy is visualization of the colon, a gastrostomy is a surgical opening in the stomach, and a colostomy is a surgical opening in the colon.

Page Ref: 312 Question Type: Treatments, Procedures, and Devices of the Digestive System Objective: 3 Taxonomy: Applying 38) The medical term for surgical removal of the gallbladder is: A) choledocholithotomy.

B) cholecystitis.

C) cholecystectomy.

D) cholelithiasis.

Answer: C Explanation: Cholecystectomy is surgical removal of the gall bladder. The root cholecyst means "gallbladder" and the suffix -ectomy means "surgical removal." Choledocholithotomy is removal of obstructive gall stones from the common bile duct, cholecystitis is inflammation of the gallbladder, and cholelithiasis is a condition of stones within the gall bladder of bile ducts.

Page Ref: 308 Question Type: Treatments, Procedures, and Devices of the Digestive System Objective: 3 Taxonomy: Applying

13

39) The medical term for a congenital defect where the bones in the roof of the mouth do not completely fuse is: A) bulimia.

B) cleft palate.

C) glossitis.

D) polyposis.

Answer: B Explanation: Cleft palate is the term for a congenital defect where the bones in the roof of the mouth do not fuse completely. The roof of the mouth is called the palate. Bulimia is an eating disorder involving gorging followed by vomiting or laxative use, glossitis is inflammation of the tongue, and polyposis is the presence of many polyps.

Page Ref: 291 Question Type: Treatments, Procedures, and Devices of the Digestive System Objective: 2 Taxonomy: Remembering 40) Select the correct term for a tube that is inserted in through the nose and drops to the stomach.

A) Fecal occult blood testing B) Paracentesis C) Nasogastric tube D) Barium enema Answer: C Explanation: A nasogastric tube is inserted through the nose and into the stomach. The combining form nas/o means "nose"; the root gastr, "stomach"; and the suffix -ic, "pertaining to." Fecal occult blood testing is a test performed on feces to detect blood in the feces, paracentesis is a surgical puncture through the abdominal wall to remove fluid, and a barium enema is administration of barium sulfate into the colon or rectum for a lower GI series of xrays.

Page Ref: 311 Question Type: Treatments, Procedures, and Devices of the Digestive System Objective: 3 Taxonomy: Applying

14

41) Visual examination of the abdominal cavity with an instrument that includes a camera, fiber optics, and a long, flexible tube is: A) sigmoidoscopy.

B) gastroscopy.

C) esophagogastroduodenoscopy.

D) laparoscopy.

Answer: D Explanation: A laparoscopy is the visual examination of the abdominal cavity with an instrument that includes a camera, fiber optics, and a long flexible tube. The combining form lapar/o means "abdomen" and the suffix -scopy means "process of viewing." Sigmoidoscopy views only the colon; gastroscopy views only the stomach; esophagogastroduodenoscopy views the esophagus, stomach, and duodenum.

Page Ref: 314 Question Type: Treatments, Procedures, and Devices of the Digestive System Objective: 3 Taxonomy: Applying 42) The medical term for process of viewing the colon is: A) proctoscopy.

B) esophagoscopy.

C) gastroscopy.

D) colonoscopy.

Answer: D Explanation: Colonoscopy is the process of viewing the colon. The combining form colon/o means "colon" and the suffix -scopy means "process of viewing." Proctoscopy views the anus, esophagoscopy views the esophagus, and gastroscopy views the stomach.

Page Ref: 309 Question Type: Treatments, Procedures, and Devices of the Digestive System Objective: 3 Taxonomy: Applying 43) Which of the following medical terms is spelled correctly?

A) Glossorrhaphy B) Hemorhoids C) Hematemesus D) Choledicholithiasis Answer: A Explanation: Glossorrhaphy is spelled correctly. The correct spellings of the other terms are hemorrhoids, hematemesis, and choledocholithiasis.

Page Ref: 314 Question Type: Treatments, Procedures, and Devices of the Digestive System Objective: 4 Taxonomy: Evaluating

15

44) A vagotomy is defined as: A) surgical dissection of branches of the vagus nerve, which innervates much of the GI tract.

B) surgical repair of the pylorus region of the stomach or pyloric valve.

C) excision of a polyp.

D) incision into the abdomen.

Answer: A Explanation: A vagotomy is surgical dissection of the branches of the vagus nerve. The combining form vag/o refers to the vagus nerve and the suffix -tomy means "a surgical incision."

Pyloroplasty is surgical repair of the pylorus, polypectomy is excision of a polyp, and laparotomy is incision into the abdomen.

Page Ref: 315 Question Type: Treatments, Procedures, and Devices of the Digestive System Objective: 2 Taxonomy: Applying 45) A patient's chart indicates that he has been experiencing N&V. This abbreviation stands for: A) nausea and volvulus.

B) nasogastric tube and vagotomy.

C) nervousness and vomiting.

D) nausea and vomiting.

Answer: D Explanation: N&V is nausea and vomiting. The question indicates that this abbreviation stands for something the patient is experiencing, which is either a sign or symptom. Nausea and vomiting are common signs and symptoms of GI dysfunction.

Page Ref: 318 Question Type: Abbreviations Objective: 2 Taxonomy: Remembering 46) The combining form that means "stomach" is Answer: gastr/o, gastro Page Ref: 280 Question Type: Word Building Objective: 1 Taxonomy: Remembering 47) The suffix -emesis means Answer: vomiting Page Ref: 284 Question Type: Word Building Objective: 1 Taxonomy: Remembering

.

16

.

48) The patient presented to the Emergency Department vomiting blood. The health care worker would chart that the patient had .

Answer: hematemesis Page Ref: 285 Question Type: Signs and Symptoms of the Digestive System Objective: 3 Taxonomy: Evaluating 49) The medical term for "bad breath" is .

Answer: halitosis Page Ref: 285 Question Type: Signs and Symptoms of the Digestive System Objective: 3 Taxonomy: Evaluating 50) The creation of an opening into the colon is called .

Answer: colostomy Page Ref: 310 Question Type: Treatments, Procedures, and Devices of the Digestive System Objective: 2 Taxonomy: Evaluating 51) The medical term steatorrhea means "discharge of Answer: fat Page Ref: 286 Question Type: Signs and Symptoms of the Digestive System Objective: 2 Taxonomy: Applying

."

52) The medical term for yellow discoloration of the skin and eyes is Answer: jaundice Page Ref: 286 Question Type: Signs and Symptoms of the Digestive System Objective: 2 Taxonomy: Evaluating

.

53) An eating disorder involving gorging with food, followed by induced vomiting or laxative abuse, is .

Answer: bulimia Page Ref: 289 Question Type: Diseases and Disorders of the Digestive System Objective: 2 Taxonomy: Remembering

17

54) The medical term cholelithiasis means "condition of Answer: stones, gallstones Page Ref: 290 Question Type: Diseases and Disorders of the Digestive System Objective: 2 Taxonomy: Applying

."

55) Small pouches in the wall of the colon are called .

Answer: diverticula Page Ref: 293 Question Type: Diseases and Disorders of the Digestive System Objective: 2 Taxonomy: Remembering 56) The definition of gastroenteritis is inflammation of the stomach and Answer: small intestine Page Ref: 296 Question Type: Diseases and Disorders of the Digestive System Objective: 2 Taxonomy: Applying 57) The medical term for erosion in the lining of the stomach is a gastric Answer: ulcer Page Ref: 296 Question Type: Diseases and Disorders of the Digestive System Objective: 2 Taxonomy: Remembering 58) The acronym GERD stands for Answer: gastroesophageal reflux disease Page Ref: 296 Question Type: Abbreviations Objective: 2 Taxonomy: Remembering

.

.

. (three words)

59) An acute inflammation of the GI tract that is caused by bacteria, protozoa, or chemical irritants is called .

Answer: dysentery Page Ref: 294 Question Type: Diseases and Disorders of the Digestive System Objective: 2 Taxonomy: Remembering

18

60) The medical term for swollen varicose veins in the rectum is Answer: hemorrhoids Page Ref: 298 Question Type: Diseases and Disorders of the Digestive System Objective: 2 Taxonomy: Remembering 61) The medical term for inflammation of the pancreas is Answer: pancreatitis Page Ref: 301 Question Type: Diseases and Disorders of the Digestive System Objective: 3 Taxonomy: Evaluating

.

.

62) Inflammation of the serous membrane that lines the abdominal cavity is Answer: peritonitis Page Ref: 303 Question Type: Diseases and Disorders of the Digestive System Objective: 3 Taxonomy: Evaluating

.

63) When the intestine twists on itself and causes an obstruction, the condition is known as .

Answer: volvulus Page Ref: 304 Question Type: Diseases and Disorders of the Digestive System Objective: 2 Taxonomy: Remembering 64) A drug that prevents or stops the vomiting reflex is a(n) .

Answer: antiemetic Page Ref: 307 Question Type: Treatments, Procedures, and Devices of the Digestive System Objective: 3 Taxonomy: Evaluating 65) The creation of a new opening through the abdominal wall into the ileum is Answer: ileostomy Page Ref: 314 Question Type: Treatments, Procedures, and Devices of the Digestive System Objective: 3 Taxonomy: Evaluating

19

.

66) The correct abbreviation for esophagogastroduodenoscopy is Answer: EGD Page Ref: 318 Question Type: Abbreviations Objective: 4 Taxonomy: Remembering 67) FOBT is the abbreviation for Answer: fecal occult blood test Page Ref: 318 Question Type: Abbreviations Objective: 4 Taxonomy: Remembering

. (four words)

68) The combining form enter/o means "small Answer: intestine Page Ref: 280 Question Type: Word Building Objective: 1 Taxonomy: Remembering 69) The combining form or/o means " Answer: mouth Page Ref: 280 Question Type: Word Building Objective: 1 Taxonomy: Remembering

."

."

70) The combining form lingu/o means " Answer: tongue Page Ref: 280 Question Type: Word Building Objective: 1 Taxonomy: Remembering

."

71) The combining form orex/o means " Answer: appetite Page Ref: 288 Question Type: Word Building Objective: 1 Taxonomy: Remembering

."

20

.

72) The suffix -rrhea means " Answer: discharge Page Ref: 284 Question Type: Word Building Objective: 1 Taxonomy: Remembering

."

Provide the term based on the brief definition.

73) Difficult digestion Answer: dyspepsia Page Ref: 285 Question Type: Signs and Symptoms of the Digestive System Objective: 3 Taxonomy: Evaluating 74) Enlargement of the liver Answer: hepatomegaly Page Ref: 285 Question Type: Signs and Symptoms of the Digestive System Objective: 3 Taxonomy: Evaluating 75) Vomiting blood Answer: hematemesis Page Ref: 285 Question Type: Signs and Symptoms of the Digestive System Objective: 3 Taxonomy: Evaluating 76) Difficult swallowing Answer: dysphagia Page Ref: 285 Question Type: Signs and Symptoms of the Digestive System Objective: 3 Taxonomy: Evaluating 77) Pain in the stomach Answer: gastralgia, gastrodynia, abdominal pain Page Ref: 285 Question Type: Signs and Symptoms of the Digestive System Objective: 3 Taxonomy: Evaluating

21

78) Inflammation of the gallbladder Answer: cholecystitis Page Ref: 290 Question Type: Diseases and Disorders of the Digestive System Objective: 3 Taxonomy: Evaluating 79) Inflammation of the stomach and small intestine Answer: gastroenteritis Page Ref: 296 Question Type: Diseases and Disorders of the Digestive System Objective: 3 Taxonomy: Evaluating 80) Tumor of the liver Answer: hepatoma Page Ref: 298 Question Type: Diseases and Disorders of the Digestive System Objective: 3 Taxonomy: Evaluating 81) Abnormal condition of multiple small growths Answer: polyposis Page Ref: 303 Question Type: Diseases and Disorders of the Digestive System Objective: 3 Taxonomy: Evaluating 82) Surgical removal of the appendix Answer: appendectomy Page Ref: 307 Question Type: Treatments, Procedures, and Devices of the Digestive System Objective: 3 Taxonomy: Evaluating 83) Surgically creating an opening in the colon Answer: colostomy Page Ref: 310 Question Type: Treatments, Procedures, and Devices of the Digestive System Objective: 3 Taxonomy: Evaluating

22

84) Making an incision in the abdominal wall Answer: laparotomy Page Ref: 314 Question Type: Treatments, Procedures, and Devices of the Digestive System Objective: 3 Taxonomy: Evaluating 85) The word root that means "small intestine" is enter.

Answer: TRUE Page Ref: 280 Question Type: Word Building Objective: 1 Taxonomy: Remembering 86) An accumulation of fluid in the peritoneal cavity is known as ascites.

Answer: TRUE Page Ref: 284 Question Type: Signs and Symptoms of the Digestive System Objective: 2 Taxonomy: Remembering 87) Anorexia nervosa is an eating disorder involving repeated gorging with food followed by induced vomiting or laxative abuse.

Answer: FALSE Explanation: With anorexia nervosa the individual deprives themselves of food. Gorging occurs with bulimia.

Page Ref: 289 Question Type: Diseases and Disorders of the Digestive System Objective: 2 Taxonomy: Remembering 88) Cheilitis is inflammation of the colon.

Answer: FALSE Explanation: Cheilitis is inflammation of the lip. The root cheil means "lip." Colitis is inflammation of the colon.

Page Ref: 289 Question Type: Diseases and Disorders of the Digestive System Objective: 2 Taxonomy: Applying 89) Diverticulosis means the presence of diverticula or abnormal small pouches in the colon.

Answer: TRUE Page Ref: 293 Question Type: Diseases and Disorders of the Digestive System Objective: 2 Taxonomy: Applying 23

90) Proctoptosis is the prolapse of the rectum.

Answer: TRUE Page Ref: 304 Question Type: Diseases and Disorders of the Digestive System Objective: 2 Taxonomy: Applying 91) An agent that prevents or stops vomiting is an antacid.

Answer: FALSE Explanation: An antiemetic is a medication that is against vomiting. An antacid is an agent that reduces stomach acid.

Page Ref: 307 Question Type: Treatments, Procedures, and Devices of the Digestive System Objective: 2 Taxonomy: Applying 92) A choledocholithotomy is cutting into the common bile duct to remove a stone.

Answer: TRUE Page Ref: 309 Question Type: Treatments, Procedures, and Devices of the Digestive System Objective: 2 Taxonomy: Applying 93) Gastric lavage is the process of feeding a patient through a tube inserted through the nose and into the stomach.

Answer: FALSE Explanation: Gastric lavage is a cleansing procedure in which the stomach is irrigated with a prescribed solution. Gavage is the process of feeding a patient through a nasogastric tube.

Page Ref: 311 Question Type: Treatments, Procedures, and Devices of the Digestive System Objective: 2 Taxonomy: Applying 94) Gingivectomy is surgical removal of the tongue.

Answer: FALSE Explanation: Gingivectomy is removal of diseased gum tissue. Glossectomy is removal of the tongue.

Page Ref: 313 Question Type: Treatments, Procedures, and Devices of the Digestive System Objective: 2 Taxonomy: Applying

24

95) The organs of the GI tract include the mouth, pharynx, esophagus, stomach, small intestine, and large intestine.

Answer: TRUE Page Ref: 280 Question Type: Anatomy and Physiology of the Digestive System Objective: 1 Taxonomy: Remembering 96) The three segments of the small intestine are the duodenum, jejunum, and ileum.

Answer: TRUE Page Ref: 280 Question Type: Anatomy and Physiology of the Digestive System Objective: 1 Taxonomy: Remembering 97) Difficulty in swallowing is called dysphagitis.

Answer: FALSE Explanation: Difficulty in swallowing is called dysphagia.

Page Ref: 285 Question Type: Signs and Symptoms of the Respiratory System Objective: 3 Taxonomy: Applying 98) A sign of liver disease is abnormal enlargement of the liver, which is spelled hepatomegalie.

Answer: FALSE Explanation: A sign of liver disease is abnormal enlargement of the liver, called hepatomegaly.

Note the spelling of the suffix -megaly.

Page Ref: 285 Question Type: Signs and Symptoms of the Respiratory System Objective: 3 Taxonomy: Remembering

25

Match the combining form with the correct definition.

A) gall B) small intestine C) eat D) tongue E) orange F) blind intestine G) liver H) anus I) stomach J) abdomen 99) abdomin/o 100) an/o 101) cec/o 102) chol/e 103) cirrh/o 104) enter/o 105) gastr/o 106) gloss/o 107) hepat/o 108) phag/o Answers: 99) J 100) H 101) F 102) A 103) E 104) B 105) I 106) D 107) G 108) C

26

Medical Terminology Complete! 4e (Wingerd) Chapter 11 The Urinary System 1) A combining form that means "kidney" is: A) pyel/o.

B) ur/o.

C) glomerul/o.

D) nephr/o.

Answer: D Explanation: Nephr/o is one coming form that means "kidney"; another is ren/o. Pyel/o means "renal pelvis," ur/o means "urine," and glomerul/o means "little ball/glomerulus."

Page Ref: 327 Question Type: Word Building Objective: 1 Taxonomy: Remembering 2) The structure(s) that join(s) the kidneys to the urinary bladder is/are the: A) nephrons.

B) urinary meatus.

C) urethra.

D) ureters.

Answer: D Explanation: The ureters join the kidney to the urinary bladder. Take care not to confuse the ureters with the urethra, which carries the urine from the bladder for excretion. The nephrons are the basic units of the kidneys, and the urinary meatus is the external opening through which urine passes.

Page Ref: 327-328 Question Type: Anatomy and Physiology of the Urinary System Objective: 1 Taxonomy: Remembering 3) The medical term for a specialist who treats kidney disease is: A) urology.

B) nephrologist.

C) nephrology.

D) urologist.

Answer: B Explanation: A nephrologist is a specialist who treats kidney disease. The combining form nephr/o means "kidney" and the suffix -logist, "one who studies," indicating the physician.

Nephrology is a subspecialty of internal medicine specializing in treatment of kidney disease.

Urology is the study of urine, and a urologist is the specialist who treats urinary diseases.

Page Ref: 330 Question Type: Medical Terms of the Urinary System Objective: 1 Taxonomy: Remembering

1

4) The medical term dysuria means: A) difficulty or pain in urination.

B) inability to pass urine.

C) presence of bacteria in the urine.

D) presence of pus in the urine.

Answer: A Explanation: Dysuria is difficulty or pain in urination. The prefix dys- means "bad, painful, difficult, or abnormal." The suffix -uria means "pertaining to urine or urination." Anuria is the inability to pass urine, bacteriuria is the presence of bacteria in urine, and pyuria is the presence of pus in urine.

Page Ref: 331 Question Type: Signs and Symptoms of the Urinary System Objective: 2 Taxonomy: Applying 5) The medical term for painful urination is: A) oliguria.

B) dysuria.

C) polyuria.

D) hematuria.

Answer: B Explanation: Dysuria is the term for painful urination. The prefix dys- means "bad, painful, difficult, or abnormal." The suffix -uria means "pertaining to urine or urination." Oliguria is reduced urination, polyuria is chronic excessive urination, and hematuria is blood in the urine.

Page Ref: 331 Question Type: Signs and Symptoms of the Urinary System Objective: 3 Taxonomy: Applying 6) The medical term for temporary excessive discharge of urine is: A) incontinence.

B) dysuria.

C) uremia.

D) diuresis.

Answer: D Explanation: Diuresis is the temporary excessive discharge of urine. Di/uresis literally means "urination through." Note that the a in the prefix dia- ("through") is not used to make the term easier to pronounce. Incontinence is the inability to control urine, dysuria is painful urination, and uremia is an excess of urea and nitrogenous wastes in the blood.

Page Ref: 331 Question Type: Signs and Symptoms of the Urinary System Objective: 3 Taxonomy: Applying

2

7) A patient reports that he has to get up twice per night to urinate. The health care worker should chart that the patient has: A) enuresis.

B) dysuria.

C) nocturia.

D) polyuria.

Answer: C Explanation: Nocturia is the need to urinate frequently at night. The root noct means "night" and the suffix -uria means "pertaining to urine or urination." Enuresis is involuntary release of urine, dysuria is painful urination, and polyuria is chronic excessive urination.

Page Ref: 332 Question Type: Signs and Symptoms of the Urinary System Objective: 2 Taxonomy: Applying 8) The medical term for chronic excessive urination is: A) nocturia.

B) dysuria.

C) polyuria.

D) oliguria.

Answer: C Explanation: Polyuria is chronic excessive urination. The prefix poly- means "excessive, over, or many." The suffix -uria means "pertaining to urine or urination." Nocturia is the need to urinate frequently at night, dysuria is painful urination, and oliguria is reduced urination.

Page Ref: 333 Question Type: Signs and Symptoms of the Urinary System Objective: 3 Taxonomy: Applying 9) The medical term for reduced urination is: A) polyuria.

B) oliguria.

C) hematuria.

D) dysuria.

Answer: B Explanation: Oliguria is reduced urination. The root olig means "few in number" and the suffix uria means "pertaining to urine or urination." Polyuria is chronic excessive urination, hematuria is blood in the urine, and dysuria is painful urination.

Page Ref: 333 Question Type: Signs and Symptoms of the Urinary System Objective: 3 Taxonomy: Applying

3

10) The medical term for the need to urinate at night is: A) hematuria.

B) oliguria.

C) nocturia.

D) dysuria.

Answer: C Explanation: Nocturia is the need to urinate frequently at night. The root noct means "night" and the suffix -uria means "pertaining to urine or urination." Hematuria is blood in the urine, oliguria is reduced urination, and dysuria is painful urination.

Page Ref: 332 Question Type: Signs and Symptoms of the Urinary System Objective: 3 Taxonomy: Applying 11) The medical term for blood in the urine is: A) bacteriuria.

B) hematuria.

C) glycosuria.

D) pyuria.

Answer: B Explanation: Hematuria is blood in the urine. The root hemat means "blood" and the suffix -uria means "pertaining to urine or urination." Bacteriuria is the presence of bacteria in the urine, glycosuria is the presence of glucose in the urine, and pyuria is the presence of pus in the urine.

Page Ref: 332 Question Type: Signs and Symptoms of the Urinary System Objective: 3 Taxonomy: Applying 12) The medical term for sugar in the urine is: A) bacteriuria.

B) hematuria.

C) ketonuria.

D) glycosuria.

Answer: D Explanation: Glycosuria is glucose or sugar in the urine. The root glycos means "sweet or sugar." The suffix -uria means "pertaining to urine or urination." Bacteriuria is bacteria in the urine, hematuria is blood in the urine, and ketonuria is the presence of ketone bodies in the urine.

Page Ref: 331 Question Type: Signs and Symptoms of the Urinary System Objective: 3 Taxonomy: Applying

4

13) The medical term for pus in the urine is: A) pyuria.

B) ketonuria.

C) bacteriuria.

D) glycosuria.

Answer: A Explanation: Pyuria is pus in the urine. The root py means "pus" and the suffix -uria means "pertaining to urine or urination." Ketonuria is the presence of ketone bodies in the urine, bacteriuria is the presence of bacteria in the urine, and glycosuria is the presence of glucose or sugar in the urine.

Page Ref: 333 Question Type: Signs and Symptoms of the Urinary System Objective: 3 Taxonomy: Applying 14) The suffix -cele means: A) surgical crushing.

B) suturing.

C) protrusion or hernia.

D) nourishment or development.

Answer: C Explanation: The suffix -cele means protrusion or hernia. The suffix for "surgical crushing" is tripsy, "suturing" is -rrhaphy, and "development" is -troph.

Page Ref: 335 Question Type: Word Building Objective: 1 Taxonomy: Remembering 15) The medical term for inflammation of the bladder is: A) urethritis.

B) cystitis.

C) nephritis.

D) nephrolithiasis.

Answer: B Explanation: Cystitis is inflammation of the bladder. The root cyst means "bladder or sac" and the suffix -itis means "inflammation." Urethritis is inflammation of the urethra, nephritis is inflammation of the kidney, and nephrolithiasis is the presence of kidney stones.

Page Ref: 335 Question Type: Diseases and Disorders of the Urinary System Objective: 3 Taxonomy: Applying

5

16) The medical term for a stone is: A) catheter.

B) creatinine.

C) cystoscopy.

D) calculus.

Answer: D Explanation: A calculus is a kidney stone; another synonym is cystolith. A catheter is a device that can be used to empty the bladder, creatinine is a protein normally found in urine, and cystoscopy is the process of visualizing the bladder with a flexible scope.

Page Ref: 336 Question Type: Diseases and Disorders of the Urinary System Objective: 2 Taxonomy: Applying 17) The medical term for a congenital defect where the urethral opening is abnormally positioned on the dorsal surface of the penis is: A) hypospadias.

B) cystocele.

C) epispadias.

D) enuresis.

Answer: C Explanation: Epispadias is a congenital defect in which the urethral opening is positioned dorsally on the penis. The prefix epi- means "upon, over, above, or on top." The root spadias means "rip or tear." Hypospadias is positioning of the urethral opening on the ventral side of the penis, cystocele is a herniation of the urinary bladder, and enuresis is involuntary release of urine.

Page Ref: 336 Question Type: Diseases and Disorders of the Urinary System Objective: 3 Taxonomy: Applying 18) The medical term for the involuntary discharge of urine during coughing, sneezing, or straining is: A) stress incontinence.

B) urinary retention.

C) hydronephrosis.

D) nocturnal enuresis.

Answer: A Explanation: Stress incontinence is involuntary discharge of urine during coughing, sneezing, or straining. Deconstructing portions of the other choices can eliminate them. Doing so reveals that noct means "night," retention means "to keep," and hydronephrosis means "water in the kidney."

Page Ref: 338 Question Type: Diseases and Disorders of the Urinary System Objective: 2 Taxonomy: Applying

6

19) The medical term for inflammation of the kidney is: A) nephrolithiasis.

B) nephritis.

C) urethritis.

D) cystitis.

Answer: B Explanation: Nephritis is inflammation of the kidney. The root nephr means "kidney" and the suffix -itis means "inflammation." Nephrolithiasis is kidney stones, urethritis is inflammation of the urethra, and cystitis is inflammation of the bladder.

Page Ref: 338 Question Type: Diseases and Disorders of the Urinary System Objective: 3 Taxonomy: Applying 20) A patient has a condition in which the exit of urine from the kidney is blocked, resulting in backup of urine and distension of the renal pelvis. The medical name for this condition is: A) hypospadias.

B) diuresis.

C) polycystic kidney disease.

D) hydronephrosis.

Answer: D Explanation: Hydronephrosis is a backup of urine and distension of the renal pelvis.

Deconstructing the other choices can eliminate them. Doing so reveals that diuresis means "passing through of urine," polycystic means "many cysts," and spadias means "rip or tear."

Page Ref: 337 Question Type: Diseases and Disorders of the Urinary System Objective: 2 Taxonomy: Applying 21) Presence of one or more stones in the kidney is: A) hydronephrosis.

B) nephrolithiasis.

C) nephromegaly.

D) nephroblastoma.

Answer: B Explanation: Nephrolithiasis is the presence of stones in the kidney. The combining form nephr/o means "kidney"; the root lith, "stone"; and the suffix -iasis, "condition of."

Hydronephrosis is a backup of urine and distention of the renal pelvis, nephromegaly is abnormal enlargement of the nephron, and nephroblastoma is a tumor in the kidney tissue originating from embryonic cells.

Page Ref: 339 Question Type: Diseases and Disorders of the Urinary System Objective: 3 Taxonomy: Applying

7

22) The definition of polycystic kidney is: A) a kidney condition characterized by many fluid-filled sacs.

B) an acute stoppage of urine formation by the kidneys.

C) many tumors originating from a kidney.

D) inflammation of a kidney.

Answer: A Explanation: A polycystic kidney is characterized by many fluid-filled sacs. The prefix polymeans "many, excessive, or over." The root cyst, "sac" (not bladder in this case), and the suffix ic, "pertaining to."

Page Ref: 340 Question Type: Diseases and Disorders of the Urinary System Objective: 2 Taxonomy: Applying 23) The medical term ureterostenosis means: A) presence of stones in a ureter.

B) condition of a narrowed ureter.

C) inflammation of a ureter.

D) protrusion of a ureter.

Answer: B Explanation: Ureterostenosis is the condition of a narrowed ureter. The combining form ureter/o means "ureter." The root sten means "narrow" and the suffix -osis means "condition of."

Ureterolithiasis is the presence of stones in the ureter, ureteritis is inflammation of a ureter, and ureterocele is a herniated or protruding ureter.

Page Ref: 341 Question Type: Diseases and Disorders of the Urinary System Objective: 2 Taxonomy: Applying 24) The patient is having difficulty voiding after surgery, and the nurse notes that the bladder is full. Abnormal accumulation of urine in the bladder resulting from an inability to void is known as: A) uremia.

B) incontinence.

C) urinary suppression.

D) urinary retention.

Answer: D Explanation: Urinary retention is the accumulation of urine in the bladder. Uremia is excess urea and nitrogenous wastes in the urine, and incontinence is the inability to control urination. Urinary suppression is not a term introduced in this chapter.

Page Ref: 342 Question Type: Diseases and Disorders of the Urinary System Objective: 2 Taxonomy: Remembering

8

25) The medical term for an abnormal accumulation of urine in the urinary bladder is: A) urinary retention.

B) acute renal failure.

C) diuresis.

D) incontinence.

Answer: A Explanation: Urinary retention is abnormal accumulation of urine in the bladder. Acute renal failure is a rapid-onset kidney disease that results in a failure to produce urine, diuresis is temporary excessive discharge of urine, and incontinence is the inability to control urination.

Page Ref: 342 Question Type: Diseases and Disorders of the Urinary System Objective: 2 Taxonomy: Remembering 26) A narrowing of the urethra is called a: A) ureterocele.

B) urinary catheterization.

C) ureterolithiasis.

D) urethral stricture.

Answer: D Explanation: A urethral stricture is a narrowing of the urethra. Deconstructing portions of some of the other choices can eliminate them. Doing so reveals that -cele means "herniation," -lith means "stone," and catheterization is the process of using a catheter.

Page Ref: 341 Question Type: Diseases and Disorders of the Urinary System Objective: 2 Taxonomy: Applying 27) When kidney function suddenly ceases, it is called: A) diuresis.

B) incontinence.

C) urinary retention.

D) acute renal failure.

Answer: D Explanation: Acute renal failure is rapid onset kidney disease that results in a failure to produce urine. If functioning ceases or stops, the kidney (root ren) is failing to function. The medical term for sudden onset is acute. Diuresis is temporary excessive discharge of urine, incontinence is the inability to control urination, and urinary retention is the accumulation of urine in the bladder.

Page Ref: 335 Question Type: Diseases and Disorders of the Urinary System Objective: 2 Taxonomy: Remembering

9

28) A patient has an infection in her bladder and urethra. The correct abbreviation for this condition is: A) IVP. B) UTI. C) UA. D) ESWL. Answer: B Explanation: UTI stands for urinary tract infection. The urethra and bladder are typically the portions of the tract infected. IVP is an intravenous pyelogram, UA is urinalysis, and ESWL is an extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy.

Page Ref: 342 Question Type: Abbreviations Objective: 2 Taxonomy: Applying 29) An x-ray technique imaging the urinary bladder and ureters is: A) cystography.

B) cystourethrography.

C) cystoureterography.

D) cystopyelography.

Answer: C Explanation: A cystoureterography is an x-ray imaging technique for the bladder and ureters.

The combining form cyst/o means "bladder"; ureter/o, "ureters"; and the suffix -graphy, "recording process." Cystography is imaging of the bladder only and cystourethrography is imaging of the bladder and urethra. Cystopyelography is not discussed in this chapter.

Page Ref: 345 Question Type: Treatments, Procedures, and Devices of the Urinary System Objective: 3 Taxonomy: Applying 30) The medical term for surgical repair of the bladder is: A) pyeloplasty.

B) urethroplasty.

C) nephroplasty.

D) cystoplasty.

Answer: D Explanation: Cystoplasty is surgical repair of the bladder. The combining form for "bladder" is cyst/o and the suffix for "surgical repair" is -plasty. Pyeloplasty is surgical repair of the renal pelvis, urethroplasty is surgical repair of the urethra, and nephroplasty is surgical repair of the kidneys.

Page Ref: 345 Question Type: Treatments, Procedures, and Devices of the Urinary System Objective: 3 Taxonomy: Applying

10

31) The medical term for an x-ray image of the bladder is: A) nephrotomogram.

B) nephroscope.

C) cystoscope.

D) cystogram.

Answer: D Explanation: A cystogram is an x-ray image of the bladder. The combining form for "bladder" is cyst/o and the suffix for "a record or image" is -gram. A nephrotomogram is a special type of sectional x-ray of the kidney, a nephroscope is an endoscope used to visualize the kidney, and a cystoscope is an endoscope used to visualize the bladder.

Page Ref: 345 Question Type: Treatments, Procedures, and Devices of the Urinary System Objective: 3 Taxonomy: Applying 32) A procedure using an endoscope modified to view the bladder is: A) nephroscopy.

B) cystoscopy.

C) urethroscopy.

D) meatoscopy.

Answer: B Explanation: Cystoscopy uses an endoscope to view the bladder. The combining form cyst/o means "bladder" and the suffix -scopy, "process of viewing." Nephroscopy is endoscopic viewing of the kidney, and urethroscopy is endoscopic viewing of the urethra. Meatoscopy is not discussed in this chapter.

Page Ref: 346 Question Type: Treatments, Procedures, and Devices of the Urinary System Objective: 3 Taxonomy: Applying 33) The medical term for the instrument utilized to view the interior of the bladder is: A) cystoscope.

B) cystectomy.

C) cystoscopy.

D) cystostomy.

Answer: A Explanation: A cystoscope is used to view the interior of the bladder. The combining form cyst/o means "bladder." The suffix -scope means "instrument for viewing." Cystectomy is removal of the bladder, cystoscopy is the process of viewing the interior of the bladder, and cystostomy is the surgical creation of an opening into the bladder.

Page Ref: 346 Question Type: Treatments, Procedures, and Devices of the Urinary System Objective: 3 Taxonomy: Applying

11

34) A procedure that removes nitrogenous wastes and excess ions directly from the blood, replacing the normal function of the kidneys, is: A) nephrography.

B) renal transplant.

C) hemodialysis.

D) peritoneal dialysis.

Answer: C Explanation: Hemodialysis is a procedure that removes nitrogenous wastes and excess ions from the blood. The combining form hem/o means "blood"; dia-, "through"; and -lysis, "dissolve."

Nephrography is the technique used to produce an image of a kidney after injection with contrast medium, renal transplant is the replacement of a kidney with a donor kidney, and peritoneal dialysis processes fluids and electrolytes via artificial filtration.

Page Ref: 347 Question Type: Treatments, Procedures, and Devices of the Urinary System Objective: 2 Taxonomy: Applying 35) A patient has end-stage renal failure. Several times a week, he must come to the clinic for a procedure where blood is pushed through a permeable membrane to remove wastes and excess ions. The name of this procedure is: A) urinalysis.

B) enuresis.

C) hemodialysis.

D) lithotripsy.

Answer: C Explanation: Hemodialysis uses permeable membrane to remove wastes and excess ions from the blood. The combining form hem/o means "blood"; the prefix dia-, "through"; and the suffix lysis, "dissolve." Urinalysis is a test that analyzes the components of a urine specimen, enuresis is involuntary release of urine, and lithotripsy is the surgical crushing of stones.

Page Ref: 347 Question Type: Treatments, Procedures, and Devices of the Urinary System Objective: 3 Taxonomy: Applying 36) Select the term with the correct spelling.

A) Diahlusis B) Diehlysis C) Diahlysis D) Dialysis Answer: D Explanation: Dialysis is the correct spelling, pronounced "dye AL ih siss." The prefix diameans "through," and the suffix -lysis, "dissolve."

Page Ref: 347 Question Type: Spelling Objective: 4 Taxonomy: Evaluating 12

37) The definition of the medical term lithotripsy is: A) incision into the bladder to remove a stone.

B) surgery performed to stabilize the urinary bladder position.

C) a noninvasive surgical technique that crushes stones.

D) freeing of the kidney from inflammatory adhesions.

Answer: C Explanation: Lithotripsy is a noninvasive technique that crushes stones. The combining form lith/o means "stone" and the suffix -tripsy means "surgical crushing."

Page Ref: 348 Question Type: Treatments, Procedures, and Devices of the Urinary System Objective: 2 Taxonomy: Applying 38) Which medical term is spelled correctly?

A) Bacteriouria B) Cystorraphy C) Nephrolysis D) Metatoscopy Answer: C Explanation: Nephrolysis is spelled correctly. The correct spellings of the other terms are bacteriuria and cystorrhaphy. Metatoscopy is not a word.

Page Ref: 349 Question Type: Treatments, Procedures, and Devices of the Urinary System Objective: 4 Taxonomy: Evaluating 39) The medical term for surgical removal of the kidney is: A) cystectomy.

B) gastrectomy.

C) nephrectomy.

D) ureterectomy.

Answer: C Explanation: Nephrectomy is surgical removal of the kidney. The root nephr means "kidney" and the suffix -ectomy means "surgical removal." Cystectomy is removal of the bladder, gastrectomy is removal of the stomach, and ureterectomy is removal of the ureter.

Page Ref: 348 Question Type: Treatments, Procedures, and Devices of the Urinary System Objective: 3 Taxonomy: Applying

13

40) An ultrasound procedure in which a kidney is imaged with the use of sound waves is: A) nephrotomography.

B) nephrography.

C) renography.

D) nephrosonography.

Answer: D Explanation: Nephrosonography is an ultrasound procedure in which the kidney is imaged using sound waves. The combining form nephr/o means "kidney"; the root son, "sound"; and the suffix -graphy, "process of recording." Nephrotomography is a special sectional x-ray of the kidney, nephrograpy creates an image of the kidney after injection of a contrast medium, and renography creates an image of the kidney using nuclear medicine.

Page Ref: 349 Question Type: Treatments, Procedures, and Devices of the Urinary System Objective: 3 Taxonomy: Applying 41) The medical term for surgical fixation of the kidney is: A) nephrostomy.

B) nephropexy.

C) urethrostomy.

D) urethropexy.

Answer: B Explanation: Nephropexy is surgical fixation of the kidney. The combining form nephr/o means "kidney," and the suffix -pexy means "surgical fixation or suspension." Nephrostomy is creation of a surgical opening in the kidney, urethrostomy is creation of a surgical opening in the urethra, and urethropexy is surgical fixation of the urethra.

Page Ref: 349 Question Type: Treatments, Procedures, and Devices of the Urinary System Objective: 3 Taxonomy: Applying 42) In this diagnostic procedure, an x-ray image of the renal pelvis is obtained after contrast dye is injected into the bloodstream.

A) IVP B) UA C) BUN D) UTI Answer: A Explanation: IVP stands for intravenous pyelogram, which is an image of the renal pelvis obtained after the injection of contrast dye. UA is urinalysis, BUN is blood urea nitrogen, and UTI is urinary tract infection.

Page Ref: 350 Question Type: Treatments, Procedures, and Devices of the Urinary System Objective: 2 Taxonomy: Applying

14

43) The medical term for an x-ray image of the renal pelvis after contrast dye is injected into the ureter is: A) pyeloplasty.

B) intravenous pyelogram.

C) pyelolithotomy.

D) retrograde pyelogram.

Answer: D Explanation: A retrograde pyelogram is an x-ray image of the renal pelvis after contrast dye is injected into the ureter. The combining form pyel/o means "renal pelvis" and the suffix -gram means "image or recording." The injection of contrast dye goes into the ureter. In an intravenous pyelogram, the dye is injected into the bloodstream. A pyeloplasty is surgical repair of the renal pelvis, and a pyelolithotomy is surgery to remove a kidney stone.

Page Ref: 350 Question Type: Treatments, Procedures, and Devices of the Urinary System Objective: 2 Taxonomy: Applying 44) A measurement of the density of substances in a liquid compared to water is: A) catheterization.

B) creatinine.

C) specific gravity.

D) BUN. Answer: C Explanation: Specific gravity measures the density of substances in a liquid compared to water.

A catheterization is the process of inserting a flexible tube into an opening of the body to transport fluids in or out, BUN is blood urea nitrogen, and creatinine is a protein.

Page Ref: 352 Question Type: Treatments, Procedures, and Devices of the Urinary System Objective: 2 Taxonomy: Applying 45) When a flexible tube is inserted through the urethra to the bladder to drain urine, it is called: A) urinary catheterization.

B) urinary endoscopy.

C) urinary tract infection.

D) urinary retention.

Answer: A Explanation: Urinary catheterization is the process of inserting a flexible tube into the body to transport urine out. The term catheter is from the Greek word katheter, which means "to send down." A urinary endoscopy is a method for visualizing the bladder, a urinary tract infection is an infection of the urinary tract, and urinary retention is the abnormal accumulation of urine in the bladder.

Page Ref: 353 Question Type: Treatments, Procedures, and Devices of the Urinary System Objective: 3 Taxonomy: Applying 15

46) The combining form that means "kidney" is Answer: nephr/o, nephro Page Ref: 327 Question Type: Word Building Objective: 1 Taxonomy: Remembering

or ren/o.

47) A physician who specializes in the treatment of kidney disease is known as a(n) Answer: nephrologist Page Ref: 330 Question Type: Medical Terms of the Urinary System Objective: 3 Taxonomy: Evaluating 48) A specialist in the urinary system is called a(n) Answer: urologist Page Ref: 330 Question Type: Medical Terms of the Urinary System Objective: 3 Taxonomy: Evaluating

.

.

49) The patient is given a medication that is designed to temporarily produce excessive urine discharge to decrease blood pressure. This condition of temporary excessive urine discharge is known as .

Answer: diuresis Page Ref: 331 Question Type: Signs and Symptoms of the Urinary System Objective: 2 Taxonomy: Evaluating 50) The medical term oliguria means " urination."

Answer: reduced, less Page Ref: 333 Question Type: Signs and Symptoms of the Urinary System Objective: 3 Taxonomy: Remembering 51) A medical term for the chronic excessive discharge of urine is Answer: polyuria Page Ref: 333 Question Type: Signs and Symptoms of the Urinary System Objective: 3 Taxonomy: Evaluating

16

.

52) The word root azot means "urea or ."

Answer: nitrogen Page Ref: 330 Question Type: Signs and Symptoms of the Urinary System Objective: 1 Taxonomy: Remembering 53) A herniation of the bladder affecting the vaginal wall is called a(n) Answer: cystocele Page Ref: 335 Question Type: Diseases and Disorders of the Urinary System Objective: 2 Taxonomy: Evaluating

.

54) A congenital defect in which the urinary meatus is positioned on the dorsal surface of the penis is .

Answer: epispadias Page Ref: 336 Question Type: Diseases and Disorders of the Urinary System Objective: 3 Taxonomy: Evaluating 55) A patient suffers from the inability to control urination. One correct medical term for this condition is urinary .

Answer: incontinence Page Ref: 338 Question Type: Diseases and Disorders of the Urinary System Objective: 2 Taxonomy: Remembering 56) Distension of the renal pelvis due to obstruction or backflow is called Answer: hydronephrosis Page Ref: 337 Question Type: Diseases and Disorders of the Urinary System Objective: 3 Taxonomy: Evaluating 57) Inflammation of the renal pelvis and nephrons is known as Answer: pyelonephritis Page Ref: 340 Question Type: Diseases and Disorders of the Urinary System Objective: 3 Taxonomy: Evaluating

17

.

.

58) An abnormal narrowing is a(n) or stenosis.

Answer: stricture Page Ref: 341 Question Type: Diseases and Disorders of the Urinary System Objective: 2 Taxonomy: Remembering 59) The medical term for an abnormal narrowing of the urethra is urethral Answer: stricture Page Ref: 341 Question Type: Diseases and Disorders of the Urinary System Objective: 2 Taxonomy: Remembering

.

60) A medical term for excess urea and other nitrogenous wastes in the bloodstream is or azotemia.

Answer: uremia Page Ref: 341 Question Type: Diseases and Disorders of the Urinary System Objective: 3 Taxonomy: Evaluating 61) The medical term for an instrument used to view the bladder is .

Answer: cystoscope Page Ref: 346 Question Type: Treatments, Procedures, and Devices of the Urinary System Objective: 3 Taxonomy: Evaluating 62) The medical term for crushing stones is .

Answer: lithotripsy Page Ref: 348 Question Type: Treatments, Procedures, and Devices of the Urinary System Objective: 3 Taxonomy: Evaluating 63) When a malfunctioning kidney is replaced with a donor kidney, it is called a kidney or . (two words) Answer: renal transplant Page Ref: 351 Question Type: Treatments, Procedures, and Devices of the Urinary System Objective: 2 Taxonomy: Remembering

18

64) A series of clinical lab tests performed on a urine specimen is termed a(n) Answer: urinalysis Page Ref: 353 Question Type: Treatments, Procedures, and Devices of the Urinary System Objective: 3 Taxonomy: Evaluating

.

65) Before surgery, a patient has a tube placed in his bladder to collect his urine. The medical term for a flexible tube inserted into the body is .

Answer: catheter Page Ref: 353 Question Type: Treatments, Procedures, and Devices of the Urinary System Objective: 2 Taxonomy: Remembering 66) The abbreviation UTI stands for . (three words) Answer: urinary tract infection Page Ref: 356 Question Type: Diseases and Disorders of the Urinary System Objective: 4 Taxonomy: Remembering 67) The correct abbreviation for urinalysis is .

Answer: UA Page Ref: 356 Question Type: Treatments, Procedures, and Devices of the Urinary System Objective: 4 Taxonomy: Remembering 68) IVP is the abbreviation for . (two words) Answer: intravenous pyelogram Page Ref: 356 Question Type: Treatments, Procedures, and Devices of the Urinary System Objective: 4 Taxonomy: Remembering 69) BUN is the abbreviation for . (three words) Answer: blood urea nitrogen Page Ref: 356 Question Type: Treatments, Procedures, and Devices of the Urinary System Objective: 4 Taxonomy: Remembering

19

Define the following combining forms and suffixes.

70) The combining form ren/o means " Answer: kidney Page Ref: 327 Question Type: Word Building Objective: 1 Taxonomy: Remembering

."

71) The combining form olig/o means " Answer: few, fewer, less, reduced Page Ref: 330 Question Type: Word Building Objective: 1 Taxonomy: Remembering

in number."

72) The suffix -uresis means " Answer: urination Page Ref: 330 Question Type: Word Building Objective: 1 Taxonomy: Remembering

."

73) The combining form lith/o means " Answer: stone Page Ref: 335 Question Type: Word Building Objective: 1 Taxonomy: Remembering

."

74) The combining form hydr/o means " Answer: water Page Ref: 335 Question Type: Word Building Objective: 1 Taxonomy: Remembering

."

20

Provide the term based on the brief definition.

75) Study of the kidneys Answer: nephrology Page Ref: 330 Question Type: Medical Terms of the Urinary System Objective: 3 Taxonomy: Evaluating 76) Painful or difficult urination Answer: dysuria Page Ref: 331 Question Type: Signs and Symptoms of the Urinary System Objective: 3 Taxonomy: Evaluating 77) Sugar in the urine Answer: glycosuria Page Ref: 331 Question Type: Signs and Symptoms of the Urinary System Objective: 3 Taxonomy: Evaluating 78) Blood in the urine Answer: hematuria Page Ref: 332 Question Type: Signs and Symptoms of the Urinary System Objective: 3 Taxonomy: Evaluating 79) Inflammation of the bladder Answer: cystitis Page Ref: 335 Question Type: Diseases and Disorders of the Urinary System Objective: 3 Taxonomy: Evaluating 80) Falling downward of the kidney Answer: nephroptosis Page Ref: 340 Question Type: Diseases and Disorders of the Urinary System Objective: 3 Taxonomy: Evaluating

21

81) Surgical repair of the bladder Answer: cystoplasty Page Ref: 345 Question Type: Treatments, Procedures, and Devices of the Urinary System Objective: 3 Taxonomy: Evaluating 82) Viewing the bladder Answer: cystoscopy Page Ref: 346 Question Type: Treatments, Procedures, and Devices of the Urinary System Objective: 3 Taxonomy: Evaluating 83) Surgical removal of the kidney Answer: nephrectomy Page Ref: 348 Question Type: Treatments, Procedures, and Devices of the Urinary System Objective: 3 Taxonomy: Evaluating 84) Surgical fixation of the urethra Answer: urethropexy Page Ref: 352 Question Type: Treatments, Procedures, and Devices of the Urinary System Objective: 3 Taxonomy: Evaluating 85) Enuresis is the inability to pass urine.

Answer: FALSE Explanation: An involuntary release of urine, which usually occurs due to a lack of bladder control among children or older adults, is known as enuresis.

Page Ref: 336 Question Type: Diseases and Disorders of the Urinary System Objective: 2 Taxonomy: Applying 86) Stress incontinence is the involuntary discharge of urine due to a cough, sneeze, or strained movement.

Answer: TRUE Page Ref: 338 Question Type: Diseases and Disorders of the Urinary System Objective: 2 Taxonomy: Remembering

22

87) An infection of the kidney is commonly known as a urinary tract infection.

Answer: FALSE Explanation: A urinary tract infection is an infection of urinary organs, usually the urethra and the urinary bladder.

Page Ref: 342 Question Type: Diseases and Disorders of the Urinary System Objective: 2 Taxonomy: Remembering 88) Abnormal enlargement of a kidney is called nephroptosis.

Answer: FALSE Explanation: The suffix -ptosis, utilized in the term nephroptosis, means "drooping," which is the condition of a floating kidney. The suffix for "enlarged" is -megaly.

Page Ref: 340 Question Type: Treatments, Procedures, and Devices of the Urinary System Objective: 2 Taxonomy: Applying 89) A surgical procedure that destroys living tissue with an electric spark is fulguration.

Answer: TRUE Page Ref: 347 Question Type: Treatments, Procedures, and Devices of the Urinary System Objective: 2 Taxonomy: Remembering 90) Nephropexy is surgical fixation of a kidney.

Answer: TRUE Page Ref: 349 Question Type: Treatments, Procedures, and Devices of the Urinary System Objective: 2 Taxonomy: Applying 91) In a retrograde pyelogram, a contrast medium is injected into the kidney using a nephroscope.

Answer: FALSE Explanation: In a retrograde pyelogram, a cystoscope is used to inject a contrast medium into the ureter. As the x-ray is taken, it moves in a direction opposite from the norm (retrograde means "opposite of normal").

Page Ref: 350 Question Type: Treatments, Procedures, and Devices of the Urinary System Objective: 2 Taxonomy: Remembering

23

92) Surgical fixation of the urethra to correct stress incontinence is urethropexy.

Answer: TRUE Page Ref: 352 Question Type: Treatments, Procedures, and Devices of the Urinary System Objective: 2 Taxonomy: Applying 93) Urinary catheterization is the insertion of a flexible tube into the bladder to drain urine.

Answer: TRUE Page Ref: 353 Question Type: Treatments, Procedures, and Devices of the Urinary System Objective: 2 Taxonomy: Remembering 94) UA is the abbreviation for the lab test urinalysis.

Answer: TRUE Page Ref: 356 Question Type: Treatments, Procedures, and Devices of the Urinary System Objective: 4 Taxonomy: Remembering 95) The abnormal presence of bacteria in the urine is a sign of a urinary tract infection and is called bacteriuria.

Answer: TRUE Page Ref: 331 Question Type: Signs and Symptoms of the Urinary System Objective: 3 Taxonomy: Applying 96) The abnormal presence of blood in the urine is a sign of urinary disease. It is called hematuria, which means "pertaining to bloody urine or urination."

Answer: TRUE Page Ref: 332 Question Type: Signs and Symptoms of the Urinary System Objective: 3 Taxonomy: Applying 97) The sign of abnormally low levels of urea and other nitrogen-containing compounds in the blood is called azotemia.

Answer: FALSE Explanation: The sign of abnormally high levels of urea and other nitrogen-containing compounds in the blood is called azotemia.

Page Ref: 331 Question Type: Signs and Symptoms of the Urinary System Objective: 3 Taxonomy: Applying 24

98) The need to urinate frequently at night is a possible symptom of diabetes mellitus or benign prostate hyperplasia (BPH). It is called oliguria.

Answer: FALSE Explanation: The need to urinate frequently at night is a possible symptom of diabetes mellitus or benign prostate hyperplasia (BPH), but it is called nocturia. The word part olig means "reduced or few in number."

Page Ref: 332 Question Type: Signs and Symptoms of the Urinary System Objective: 3 Taxonomy: Applying 99) Inflammation of a kidney is known as nephralgia.

Answer: FALSE Explanation: Inflammation of a kidney is known as nephritis. The suffix -algia means "pain."

Page Ref: 338 Question Type: Diseases and Disorders of the Urinary System Objective: 3 Taxonomy: Applying

25

Match the combining form on the left with the correct definition on the right.

A) urea, nitrogen B) opening C) urine D) renal pelvis E) bladder F) little ball G) few in number H) kidney I) albumin 100) albumin/o 101) azot/o 102) glomerul/o 103) glycos/o 104) meat/o 105) nephr/o 106) olig/o 107) pyel/o 108) ur/o 109) vesic/o Answers: 100) I 101) A 102) F 103) F 104) B 105) H 106) G 107) D 108) C 109) E

26

Medical Terminology Complete! 4e (Wingerd) Chapter 12 The Reproductive System and Obstetrics 1) Select the combining form that means "testis or testicle."

A) Oophor/o B) Colp/o C) Hyster/o D) Orchid/o Answer: D Explanation: The combining forms orchid/o and orchi/o mean "testis or testicle." The meanings of the other combining forms are oophor/o, "ovary"; colp/o, "vagina"; and hyster/o, "uterus."

Page Ref: 365 Question Type: Word Building Objective: 1 Taxonomy: Remembering 2) Select the combining form that means "breast."

A) Colp/o B) Orchid/o C) Mast/o D) Oophor/o Answer: C Explanation: The combining forms mast/o and mamm/o mean "breast." The meanings of the other combining forms are oophor/o, "ovary"; colp/o, "vagina"; and orchid/o, "testis or testicle."

Page Ref: 365 Question Type: Word Building Objective: 1 Taxonomy: Remembering 3) The absence of living sperm in semen, which is a sign of infertility, is known as: A) azoospermia.

B) spermatolysis.

C) oligospermia.

D) anorchism.

Answer: A Explanation: The prefix a- means "without or absence of"; the combining form zo/o, "animal or living"; the root sperm, "sperm"; and the suffix -ia, "condition of." Spermatolysis is the destruction of sperm. Oligospermia refers to a low sperm count. Anorchism is an absence of one or both testes.

Page Ref: 370 Question Type: Signs and Symptoms of the Male Reproductive System Objective: 3 Taxonomy: Applying

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4) The medical term for inflammation of the glans penis is: A) epididymitis.

B) prostatitis.

C) balanitis.

D) orchitis.

Answer: C Explanation: The root balan means "glans penis" and the suffix -itis means "inflammation."

Prostatitis is inflammation of the prostate. Epididymitis is inflammation of the epididymis.

Orchitis is inflammation of the testes.

Page Ref: 372 Question Type: Diseases and Disorders of the Male Reproductive System Objective: 3 Taxonomy: Applying 5) Excessive growth of the prostate gland that is nonmalignant and results in constriction of the urethra is: A) prostatovesiculitis.

B) prostate cancer.

C) benign prostatic hyperplasia.

D) testicular carcinoma.

Answer: C Explanation: Benign means nonmalignant or not cancer. Prostat/ic means "pertaining to the prostate." Hyper/plasia means "excessive growth." Prostatovesiculitis is inflammation of the prostate. Prostate cancer is cancer of the prostate gland. Testicular carcinoma is cancer of the testes.

Page Ref: 372 Question Type: Diseases and Disorders of the Male Reproductive System Objective: 3 Taxonomy: Applying 6) The medical term for an undescended testicle is: A) orchitis.

B) phimosis.

C) testicular torsion.

D) cryptorchidism.

Answer: D Explanation: The root crypt means "hidden"; orchid, "testis"; and -ism, "condition." If the testicle is not descended, it is hidden in the pelvic or abdominal cavity. Orchitis is inflammation of the testes. Phimosis is a congenital narrowing of the prepuce opening. Testicular torsion occurs when the spermatic cord is twisted.

Page Ref: 373 Question Type: Diseases and Disorders of the Male Reproductive System Objective: 3 Taxonomy: Applying

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7) The medical term for an abnormally persistent, prolonged, and painful erection of the penis is: A) aspermia.

B) impotence.

C) priapism.

D) phimosis.

Answer: C Explanation: The term is derived from the Latin word priapus, which is a Roman scarecrow figure with an erect penis. Aspermia is the inability to produce or ejaculate sperm. Impotence is erectile dysfunction. Phimosis is a congenital narrowing of the prepuce opening.

Page Ref: 374 Question Type: Diseases and Disorders of the Male Reproductive System Objective: 2 Taxonomy: Remembering 8) An abnormal dilation of the veins of the spermatic cord, caused by failure of the valves within the veins, is: A) testicular torsion.

B) a hydrocele.

C) Peyronie disease.

D) a varicocele.

Answer: D Explanation: The combining form varic/o means "dilated vein" and the suffix -cele means "herniation." Testicular torsion occurs when the spermatic cord is twisted. Hydrocele is the swelling of the scrotum caused by fluid accumulation. Peyronie disease causes erectile dysfunction.

Page Ref: 376 Question Type: Diseases and Disorders of the Male Reproductive System Objective: 3 Taxonomy: Applying 9) The correct meaning of the suffix in the term orchiectomy is: A) testis or testicle.

B) surgical removal.

C) ovary.

D) surgical repair.

Answer: B Explanation: The suffix -ectomy, meaning surgical removal, is located at the end of the word.

Orch means testis or testicle. Oophor/o means ovary. -plasty means surgical repair.

Page Ref: 379 Question Type: Word Building Objective: 2 Taxonomy: Applying

3

10) Surgical fixation of a testis, which draws an undescended testis into the scrotum, is known as: A) orchiotomy.

B) orchidopexy.

C) orchioplasty.

D) orchiectomy.

Answer: B Explanation: The combining form orchid/o means "testis" and the suffix -pexy means "surgical fixation or suspension." The testis is anchored to the scrotum to maintain the descended position.

-tomy means incision. -plasty means surgical repair.

Page Ref: 379 Question Type: Treatments, Procedures, and Devices of the Male Reproductive System Objective: 3 Taxonomy: Applying 11) A patient just had a surgical procedure done where prostate tissue was removed using a retroscope inserted in the urethra. The correct abbreviation for this procedure is: A) TURP. B) BPH. C) TSS. D) PSA. Answer: A Explanation: TURP is transurethral resection of the prostate. BPH is benign prostatic hypoplasia. TSS is toxic shock syndrome. PSA is prostate-specific antigen.

Page Ref: 381 Question Type: Abbreviations Objective: 2 Taxonomy: Applying 12) The medical abbreviation for a blood test used to check for possible prostate cancer is: A) STI. B) PMS. C) PSA. D) PID. Answer: C Explanation: PSA is prostate-specific antigen. Elevated levels suggest a possible presence of prostate cancer. STI is sexually transmitted infection. PMS is premenstrual syndrome. PID is pelvic inflammatory disease.

Page Ref: 380 Question Type: Abbreviations Objective: 2 Taxonomy: Applying

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13) Select the combining form that means "vagina."

A) Mast/o B) Oophor/o C) Hyster/o D) Colp/o Answer: D Explanation: Colp/o means vagina. The meanings of the other combining forms are mast/o, "breast"; oophor/o, "ovary"; and hyster/o, "uterus."

Page Ref: 384 Question Type: Word Building Objective: 1 Taxonomy: Remembering 14) A 33-year-old patient has not had her period for several months and is not pregnant. The medical term for absence of menstrual discharge is: A) endometriosis.

B) menorrhagia.

C) amenorrhea.

D) dysmenorrhea.

Answer: C Explanation: The prefix a- means "without or absence of." The combining form men/o means "month or menstruation," and the suffix -rrhea means "discharge." Endometriosis is an abnormal growth of endometrial tissue. Menorrhagia is profuse bleeding during menstruation.

Dysmenorrhea is abnormal pain during menstruation.

Page Ref: 384 Question Type: Signs and Symptoms of the Female Reproductive System Objective: 3 Taxonomy: Applying 15) A patient complaining of abnormal bleeding from the uterus other than during normal menstruation would be experiencing: A) mastalgia.

B) metrorrhagia.

C) metrorrhea.

D) menorrhagia.

Answer: B Explanation: The combining form metr/o means "uterus." The suffix -rrhagia means "abnormal discharge." Metrorrhagia is abnormal uterine discharge between periods. Mastalgia is a condition of pain in the breast. Metrorrhea is a uterine discharge of pus or mucus. Menorrhagia is profuse bleeding during menstruation.

Page Ref: 385 Question Type: Signs and Symptoms of the Female Reproductive System Objective: 3 Taxonomy: Applying

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16) A patient has complained of excessive bleeding during her menstrual period. The correct medical term for this is: A) metrorrhagia.

B) menorrhagia.

C) amenorrhea.

D) leukorrhea.

Answer: B Explanation: The combining form men/o means "month or menstruation" and the suffix -rrhagia "abnormal discharge." Metr/o/rrhagia utilizes the root for uterus, creating a different meaning, "abnormal discharge from the uterus." Amenorrhea is an absence of menstrual discharge in a woman of childbearing age. Leukorrhea is a white or yellow discharge from the vagina.

Page Ref: 385 Question Type: Signs and Symptoms of the Female Reproductive System Objective: 3 Taxonomy: Applying 17) Select the combining form that means "uterus."

A) Colp/o B) Oophor/o C) Mast/o D) Hyster/o Answer: D Explanation: The combining forms meaning uterus are hyster/o, metr/o, and metr/i. The meanings of the other combining forms are colp/o, "vagina"; oophor/o, "ovary"; and mast/o, "breast."

Page Ref: 387 Question Type: Word Building Objective: 1 Taxonomy: Remembering 18) Select the combining form that means "ovary."

A) Colp/o B) Hyster/o C) Mast/o D) Oophor/o Answer: D Explanation: Oophor/o means "ovary." The meanings of the other combining forms are colp/o, "vagina"; hyster/o, "uterus"; and mast/o, "breast."

Page Ref: 387 Question Type: Word Building Objective: 1 Taxonomy: Remembering

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19) The correct meaning of the prefix in the term endometriosis is: A) uterus.

B) vagina.

C) within.

D) condition of.

Answer: C Explanation: The prefix endo-, meaning within, is located at the front of the word. Hyster/o means uterus. Colp/o means vagina. -osis means condition of.

Page Ref: 397 Question Type: Word Building Objective: 2 Taxonomy: Applying 20) The medical term for having more than two breasts is: A) mastitis.

B) mastalgia.

C) polymastia.

D) amastia.

Answer: C Explanation: The prefix poly- means "excessive, over, or many." The root mast means "breast" and the suffix -ia means "condition of." Mastitis is inflammation of the breast. Mastalgia is breast pain. Amastia is the condition of lacking breasts.

Page Ref: 387 Question Type: Diseases and Disorders of the Female Reproductive System Objective: 3 Taxonomy: Applying 21) Which of the following terms is spelled correctly?

A) Displasea B) Displaysha C) Dysplasia D) Dysplasha Answer: C Explanation: Dysplasia is the correct spelling of this term. Dysplasia is an abnormal change in the cells of the cervix in which they begin to divide more rapidly and produce oddly shaped cells.

Page Ref: 388 Question Type: Spelling Objective: 4 Taxonomy: Evaluating

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22) A condition in which endometrial cells grow and bleed outside the uterus is: A) endometrial cancer.

B) endometritis.

C) pelvic inflammatory disease.

D) endometriosis.

Answer: D Explanation: The abnormal growth of endometrial tissue that may occur throughout areas of the pelvic cavity, including the external walls of the uterus, fallopian tubes, urinary bladder, and even on the peritoneum, is called endometriosis. Endometrial cancer is a malignant tumor of the endometrial tissue lining. Endometritis is inflammation of the endometrium. Pelvic inflammatory disease is inflammation of organs within the female pelvic cavity.

Page Ref: 391 Question Type: Diseases and Disorders of the Female Reproductive System Objective: 2 Taxonomy: Applying 23) This disease is characterized by the growth of endometrial tissue in abnormal locations such as the pelvic cavity, fallopian tubes, or ovaries.

A) Polycystic ovarian syndrome B) Fibrocystic breast disease C) Benign prostatic hyperplasia D) Endometriosis Answer: D Explanation: The abnormal growth of endometrial tissue that may occur throughout areas of the pelvic cavity, including the external walls of the uterus, fallopian tubes, urinary bladder, and even on the peritoneum, is called endometriosis. Polycystic ovarian syndrome is a hormonal disturbance characterized by lack of ovulation and infertility. Fibrocystic breast disease is a condition characterized by the formation of benign cysts within the breast. Benign prostatic hyperplasia is a noncancerous condition in which the prostate enlarges.

Page Ref: 391 Question Type: Diseases and Disorders of the Female Reproductive System Objective: 2 Taxonomy: Applying

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24) Benign tumors in the muscular wall of the uterus are called: A) cervical cancer.

B) fibroid tumors.

C) prostatic carcinoma.

D) ovarian cancer.

Answer: B Explanation: Fibroid tumors are benign and grown in the muscular uterine wall. If the term is not memorized, deconstructing portions of the other choices can eliminate them. The question indicates the tumors are benign, or not cancer or carcinoma. Cervical cancer, prostatic carcinoma, and ovarian cancer are all malignant.

Page Ref: 392 Question Type: Diseases and Disorders of the Female Reproductive System Objective: 2 Taxonomy: Remembering 25) This disease is characterized by lack of ovulation, infertility, and the formation of numerous ovarian cysts.

A) Endometriosis B) Benign prostatic hyperplasia C) Fibrocystic breast disease D) Polycystic ovary syndrome Answer: D Explanation: Key words in the question indicate the construction of the correct term: poly-, "excessive, many"; cyst, "fluid-filled sac"; -ic, "pertaining to." Endometriosis is the abnormal growth of endometrial tissue. Fibrocystic breast disease is a condition characterized by the formation of benign cysts within the breast. Benign prostatic hyperplasia is a noncancerous condition in which the prostate enlarges.

Page Ref: 393 Question Type: Diseases and Disorders of the Female Reproductive System Objective: 3 Taxonomy: Applying

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26) A neonatal condition caused by excessive alcohol consumption by the mother during pregnancy is known as: A) cervical intraepithelial neoplasia.

B) fetal alcohol syndrome.

C) pelvic inflammatory disease.

D) vulvovaginitis.

Answer: B Explanation: A neonatal condition caused by excessive alcohol consumption by the mother during pregnancy is known as fetal alcohol syndrome. Cervical intraepithelial neoplasia is a condition involving malignant tumors of the cervix. Pelvic inflammatory disease is inflammation of organs within the female pelvic cavity. Vulvovaginitis is inflammation of the external female genitalia.

Page Ref: 411 Question Type: Diseases and Disorders of the Female Reproductive System Objective: 2 Taxonomy: Remembering 27) The correct meaning of the root in the term hysteroscopy is: A) breast.

B) instrument used to view.

C) viewing.

D) uterus.

Answer: D Explanation: The root is hyster, meaning uterus. O is the combining vowel, and the suffix is scopy, meaning process of viewing. This root does not refer to an instrument used to view or to viewing itself. Mamm/o and mast/o mean breast.

Page Ref: 397 Question Type: Word Building Objective: 2 Taxonomy: Applying 28) The correct meaning of the root in the term mammogram is: A) vagina.

B) breast.

C) x-ray record.

D) viewing.

Answer: B Explanation: The root is mamm, meaning breast. O is the combining vowel, and the suffix is gram, meaning record or image. Colp/o means vagina. -scopy means process of viewing.

Page Ref: 397 Question Type: Treatments, Procedures, and Devices of the Female Reproductive System Objective: 2 Taxonomy: Applying

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29) Endoscopic examination of the vagina using a modified endoscope is: A) colposcopy.

B) hysteroscopy.

C) culdoscopy.

D) laparoscopy.

Answer: A Explanation: The combining form colp/o means "vagina." The suffix -scopy means "process of viewing." Hysteroscopy is examination of the uterus. Culdoscopy is the endoscopic examination of the pelvic viscera. Laparoscopy is the examination of the body's interior with a laparoscope.

Page Ref: 398 Question Type: Treatments, Procedures, and Devices of the Female Reproductive System Objective: 3 Taxonomy: Applying 30) The medical term for surgical removal of the uterus is: A) hysterectomy.

B) hysteroscopy.

C) colposcopy.

D) colpectomy.

Answer: A Explanation: The root hyster means "uterus" and the suffix -ectomy means "surgical removal."

Hysteroscopy is examination of the uterus. Colposcopy is endoscopic examination of the vagina.

Colpectomy is removal of the vagina.

Page Ref: 399 Question Type: Treatments, Procedures, and Devices of the Female Reproductive System Objective: 3 Taxonomy: Applying 31) In this procedure, the cervix is dilated, and a spoon-shaped instrument is used to scrape the uterine lining.

A) B&E B) S&T C) D&C D) N&V Answer: C Explanation: D&C stands for dilation and curettage. Curette is the instrument. These other abbreviations are not medical terms.

Page Ref: 398 Question Type: Treatments, Procedures, and Devices of the Female Reproductive System Objective: 2 Taxonomy: Applying

11

32) A diagnostic procedure in which a sample of cells is scraped from the cervix and examined microscopically for abnormalities is: A) a Papanicolaou smear.

B) a biopsy.

C) a colposcopy.

D) cervical conization.

Answer: A Explanation: A Papanicolaou smear tests cervical cells for abnormalities and is commonly called a Pap smear. It is an eponym named after Greek doctor Georgios Papanicolaou. A biopsy is the surgical extraction of tissue for analysis. A colposcopy is endoscopic examination of the vagina. Cervical conization is the removal of the anterior portion of the cervix.

Page Ref: 402 Question Type: Treatments, Procedures, and Devices of the Female Reproductive System Objective: 2 Taxonomy: Remembering 33) Excision of a fallopian tube and an ovary is a: A) salpingo-oophorectomy.

B) hysterosalpingo-oophorectomy.

C) salpingectomy.

D) panhysterectomy.

Answer: A Explanation: The combining form for "fallopian tube" is salping/o, and the root for "ovary" is oophor. The suffix meaning "excision" is -ectomy. Hyster/o means uterus, which eliminates the terms using that combining form, and a salpingectomy is the excision of a fallopian tube but not an ovary.

Page Ref: 403 Question Type: Treatments, Procedures, and Devices of the Female Reproductive System Objective: 3 Taxonomy: Applying 34) This instrument is used to open the vaginal orifice for visual examination.

A) Curette B) Hysteroscope C) Speculum D) Catheter Answer: C Explanation: A speculum is used to open the vaginal orifice. A curette is utilized for scraping the uterus, a hyster/o/scope to view the uterus, and a catheter is a flexible tube.

Page Ref: 405 Question Type: Treatments, Procedures, and Devices of the Female Reproductive System Objective: 2 Taxonomy: Remembering

12

35) This is the medical term for the procedure where the fallopian tubes are severed and closed as a form of permanent female birth control.

A) D&C B) Vasectomy C) Oophorectomy D) Tubal ligation Answer: D Explanation: In tubal ligation, t he fallopian tubes are ligated or tied up to prevent the migration of sperm upward into the tubes to fertilize the egg. The terms ending with the suffix -ectomy can be eliminated —because that means "surgical removal." A D&C, or dilation and curettage, is used to scrape the lining of the endometrium.

Page Ref: 404 Question Type: Treatments, Procedures, and Devices of the Female Reproductive System Objective: 2 Taxonomy: Remembering 36) Abnormal leakage of amniotic fluid, which indicates a rupture of the amniotic sac, is called: A) amnioscopy.

B) amniorrhea.

C) amniography.

D) amniocentesis.

Answer: B Explanation: The combining form amni/o means "amnionic fluid" and the suffix -rrhea means "discharge." Amnioscopy is examination of amniotic fluid. Amniography is radiography of the amniotic fluid. Amniocentesis is the aspiration of amniotic fluid for analysis.

Page Ref: 407 Question Type: Signs and Symptoms of Obstetrics Objective: 3 Taxonomy: Applying 37) Which of the following terms is spelled correctly?

A) Distosha B) Dystoesha C) Distowcia D) Dystocia Answer: D Explanation: Dystocia is spelled correctly and is pronounced "diss TOH see ah." It refers to difficult labor.

Page Ref: 407 Question Type: Spelling Objective: 4 Taxonomy: Evaluating

13

38) The medical term for difficult labor is: A) dysmenorrhea.

B) dysplasia.

C) dysuria.

D) dystocia.

Answer: D Explanation: The prefix dys- means "bad, difficult, or painful"; the root toc, "birth"; and the suffix -ia, "condition of." Dysmenorrhea is a symptom of abdominal pain during menstruation.

Dysplasia is a cancerous change in cells. Dysuria is difficult urination.

Page Ref: 407 Question Type: Signs and Symptoms of Obstetrics Objective: 3 Taxonomy: Applying 39) A complication of pregnancy with premature separation of the placenta from the uterine wall, resulting in either premature birth or fetal death, is: A) placenta previa.

B) ectopic pregnancy.

C) eclampsia.

D) abruptio placentae.

Answer: D Explanation: The Latin word abruptio placentae means "abrupt loss of placenta." Placenta previa is the development of the placenta over the cervical canal. An ectopic pregnancy is a pregnancy that progresses somewhere other than the uterine lining. Eclampsia puts a pregnant woman and her child at risk for preeclampsia.

Page Ref: 409 Question Type: Diseases and Disorders of Obstetrics Objective: 2 Taxonomy: Remembering 40) This is a condition of pregnancy characterized by high blood pressure, edema, and protein in the urine.

A) Amniocentesis B) Preeclampsia C) Placenta previa D) Abruptio placentae Answer: B Explanation: Preeclampsia, also known as pregnancy-induced hypertension, is a circulatory disorder that places a pregnant woman and her child at risk. Amniocentesis is the aspiration of amniotic fluid for analysis. Placenta previa is the development of the placenta over the cervical canal. Abruptio placentae is the premature separation of the placenta.

Page Ref: 410 Question Type: Diseases and Disorders of Obstetrics Objective: 2 Taxonomy: Remembering

14

41) Childbirth using an incision through the abdomen and uterus is known as: A) breech birth.

B) episiotomy.

C) therapeutic abortion.

D) cesarean section.

Answer: D Explanation: The term cesarean section was first used to describe this surgical alternative to vaginal birth during Roman times because it was thought that Julius Caesar was born in this way.

However, his family name, Caesar, which literally means "to cut," had its origin from such a birth centuries before the birth of Julius. An episiotomy is a procedure used to prevent tearing of the vagina and perineum. A therapeutic abortion is an abortion induced by drugs or surgery. A breech birth is a birth in which the newborn's buttocks, feet, or knees appear through the birth canal first.

Page Ref: 414 Question Type: Treatments, Procedures, and Devices of Obstetrics Objective: 2 Taxonomy: Remembering 42) In this procedure, an incision is made in the vulva to widen the vaginal opening during labor.

A) Episiotomy B) Amniocentesis C) Cesarean section D) Fetometry Answer: A Explanation: The combining form episi/o means "vulva" and -tomy, "to cut." Amniocentesis is the aspiration of amniotic fluid for analysis. A cesarean section is a surgical alternative to vaginal birth. Fetometry is a procedure used to measure the size of a fetus.

Page Ref: 415 Question Type: Treatments, Procedures, and Devices of Obstetrics Objective: 3 Taxonomy: Applying 43) The most common bacterial sexually transmitted infection in North America, with symptoms of urethral and vaginal discharge, is: A) syphilis.

B) genital herpes.

C) hepatitis B. D) chlamydia.

Answer: D Explanation: Chlamydia is the most common bacterial STI and has symptoms of urethral and vaginal discharge. Herpes and Hepatitis B are viral infections. Syphilis creates pustules on the skin, which form ulcers.

Page Ref: 417 Question Type: Sexually Transmitted Infections Objective: 2 Taxonomy: Remembering 15

44) The sexually transmitted infection gonorrhea: A) causes wartlike lesions on the skin or mucous membranes of the genitals.

B) is characterized by periodic outbreaks of ulcerlike lesions of the genital tissues.

C) causes inflammation of the liver.

D) is named after its characteristic symptom of urethral discharge.

Answer: D Explanation: The term gonorrhea means a "flow of seed," describing the characteristic symptom of urethral discharge. Papillomas are wartlike lesions in the skin or mucous membranes.

Hepatitis is an inflammatory disease of the liver. Genital herpes is characterized by periodic outbreaks of ulcerlike lesions.

Page Ref: 417 Question Type: Sexually Transmitted Infections Objective: 2 Taxonomy: Remembering 45) Which of the following terms is spelled correctly?

A) Gonorrhea B) Gonoreah C) Goneorea D) Gonohrreah Answer: A Explanation: Gonorrhea is the correct spelling and is pronounce "gahn oh REE ah."

Page Ref: 417 Question Type: Spelling Objective: 4 Taxonomy: Evaluating 46) Which of the following terms is spelled correctly?

A) Clamideea B) Klamidia C) Clamidia D) Chlamydia Answer: D Explanation: Chlamydia is the correct spelling. The term is pronounced "klah MID ee ah."

Page Ref: 417 Question Type: Spelling Objective: 4 Taxonomy: Evaluating

16

47) Which of the following terms is spelled correctly?

A) Hurpeas B) Herpes C) Herpez D) Hurpes Answer: B Explanation: Herpes is spelled correctly and is pronounced "HER peez."

Page Ref: 417 Question Type: Spelling Objective: 4 Taxonomy: Evaluating 48) Which of the following terms is spelled correctly?

A) Siffalus B) Sivalis C) Sifahlis D) Syphilis Answer: D Explanation: Syphilis is the correct spelling. The correct pronunciation is "SIFF ih liss."

Page Ref: 418 Question Type: Spelling Objective: 4 Taxonomy: Evaluating 49) A specialist in women's health is called a(n) .

Answer: gynecologist Page Ref: 368 Question Type: Medical Terms of the Reproductive System Objective: 1 Taxonomy: Evaluating 50) The condition of an undescended testis is known as .

Answer: cryptorchidism, cryptorchism Page Ref: 373 Question Type: Diseases and Disorders of the Male Reproductive System Objective: 3 Taxonomy: Evaluating 51) A surgical procedure that removes the prepuce covering the glans penis is called a(n) .

Answer: circumcision Page Ref: 378 Question Type: Treatments, Procedures, and Devices of the Male Reproductive System Objective: 2 Taxonomy: Remembering

17

52) The abbreviation TURP stands for . (five words) Answer: transurethral resection of the prostate Page Ref: 419 Question Type: Abbreviations Objective: 4 Taxonomy: Remembering 53) The medical term for the surgical removal/severing of the vas deferens as a form of male birth control is .

Answer: vasectomy Page Ref: 382 Question Type: Treatments, Procedures, and Devices of the Male Reproductive System Objective: 3 Taxonomy: Evaluating 54) The medical term that means "absence of menstrual discharge" is Answer: amenorrhea Page Ref: 384 Question Type: Signs and Symptoms of the Female Reproductive System Objective: 3 Taxonomy: Evaluating 55) Two combining forms that mean "uterus" are hyster/o and Answer: metr/o, metr/i Page Ref: 387 Question Type: Word Building Objective: 1 Taxonomy: Remembering

.

.

56) The medical term for white or yellowish discharge from the vagina is Answer: leukorrhea Page Ref: 385 Question Type: Signs and Symptoms of the Female Reproductive System Objective: 3 Taxonomy: Evaluating

.

57) Now that Dr. Jones's patient has turned 40, her doctor recommends she have an X-ray image of the breast. The medical name for this is a(n) .

Answer: mammogram Page Ref: 401 Question Type: Treatments, Procedures, and Devices of the Female Reproductive System Objective: 3 Taxonomy: Evaluating

18

58) Inflammation of the vagina is called vaginitis or .

Answer: colpitis Page Ref: 395 Question Type: Diseases and Disorders of the Female Reproductive System Objective: 3 Taxonomy: Evaluating 59) The use of a curette to scrape and remove the endometrium of the uterus is . (Do not abbreviate; three words) Answer: dilation and curettage Page Ref: 398 Question Type: Treatments, Procedures, and Devices of the Female Reproductive System Objective: 2 Taxonomy: Remembering 60) A patient was diagnosed with breast cancer and needed to have a breast removed. The medical term for surgical removal of the breast is .

Answer: mastectomy Page Ref: 402 Question Type: Treatments, Procedures, and Devices of the Female Reproductive System Objective: 3 Taxonomy: Evaluating 61) Severe nausea and vomiting during pregnancy that can cause severe dehydration is . (two words) Answer: hyperemesis gravidarum Page Ref: 407 Question Type: Signs and Symptoms of Obstetrics Objective: 3 Taxonomy: Evaluating 62) A pregnancy that occurs outside the uterus is known as a(n) Answer: ectopic Page Ref: 410 Question Type: Diseases and Disorders of Obstetrics Objective: 3 Taxonomy: Evaluating 63) A specialist in prenatal development, pregnancy, and childbirth is a(n) Answer: obstetrician Page Ref: 416 Question Type: Treatments, Procedures, and Devices of Obstetrics Objective: 3 Taxonomy: Evaluating

19

pregnancy.

.

64) The virus that causes AIDS is abbreviated Answer: HIV Page Ref: 417 Question Type: Abbreviations Objective: 2 Taxonomy: Remembering

.

65) A sexually transmitted infection caused by a protozoan that causes inflammation of the urethra and prostate and pelvic pain is .

Answer: trichomoniasis Page Ref: 418 Question Type: Sexually Transmitted Infections Objective: 2 Taxonomy: Evaluating 66) The virus that causes genital warts is abbreviated Answer: HPV Page Ref: 418 Question Type: Abbreviations Objective: 2 Taxonomy: Remembering

.

67) AIDS is the abbreviation for . (three words) Answer: acquired immunodeficiency syndrome Page Ref: 419 Question Type: Abbreviations Objective: 4 Taxonomy: Remembering 68) BPH is the abbreviation for . (three words) Answer: benign prostatic hyperplasia Page Ref: 419 Question Type: Diseases and Disorders of the Male Reproductive System Objective: 4 Taxonomy: Remembering 69) HIV is the abbreviation for . (three words) Answer: human immunodeficiency virus Page Ref: 419 Question Type: Abbreviations Objective: 4 Taxonomy: Remembering

20

70) STI is the abbreviation for . (three words) Answer: sexually transmitted infection Page Ref: 419 Question Type: Abbreviations Objective: 4 Taxonomy: Remembering 71) NRDS is the abbreviation for . (four words) Answer: neonatal respiratory distress syndrome Page Ref: 419 Question Type: Abbreviations Objective: 4 Taxonomy: Remembering 72) D&C is the abbreviation for Answer: dilation and curettage Page Ref: 419 Question Type: Abbreviations Objective: 4 Taxonomy: Remembering

. (three words)

73) PID is the abbreviation for Answer: pelvic inflammatory disease Page Ref: 419 Question Type: Abbreviations Objective: 4 Taxonomy: Remembering

. (three words)

74) The correct abbreviation for the term biopsy is Answer: Bx, bx Page Ref: 419 Question Type: Abbreviations Objective: 2 Taxonomy: Remembering

21

.

Define the following combining forms.

75) The combining form balan/o means "glans Answer: penis Page Ref: 365 Question Type: Word Building Objective: 1 Taxonomy: Remembering

."

76) The combining form andr/o means " Answer: male Page Ref: 365 Question Type: Word Building Objective: 1 Taxonomy: Remembering

."

77) The combining form colp/o means " Answer: vagina Page Ref: 384 Question Type: Word Building Objective: 1 Taxonomy: Remembering

."

78) The combining form hyster/o means " Answer: uterus Page Ref: 387 Question Type: Word Building Objective: 1 Taxonomy: Remembering

."

79) The combining form oophor/o means " Answer: ovary Page Ref: 387 Question Type: Word Building Objective: 1 Taxonomy: Remembering

."

80) The combining form mast/o means " Answer: breast Page Ref: 387 Question Type: Word Building Objective: 1 Taxonomy: Remembering

."

22

Provide the term based on the brief definition.

81) Inflammation of the prostate Answer: prostatitis Page Ref: 370 Question Type: Signs and Symptoms of the Male Reproductive System Objective: 3 Taxonomy: Evaluating 82) Surgical fixation of the testis Answer: orchidopexy, orchiopexy Page Ref: 379 Question Type: Treatments, Procedures, and Devices of the Male Reproductive System Objective: 3 Taxonomy: Evaluating 83) Painful menstrual flow Answer: dysmenorrhea Page Ref: 384 Question Type: Signs and Symptoms of the Female Reproductive System Objective: 3 Taxonomy: Evaluating 84) Infection by a yeastlike fungus Answer: candidiasis Page Ref: 417 Question Type: Sexually Transmitted Infections Objective: 2 Taxonomy: Remembering 85) Viewing the vagina Answer: colposcopy Page Ref: 398 Question Type: Treatments, Procedures, and Devices of the Female Reproductive System Objective: 3 Taxonomy: Evaluating 86) Surgical removal of the uterus Answer: hysterectomy Page Ref: 399 Question Type: Treatments, Procedures, and Devices of the Female Reproductive System Objective: 3 Taxonomy: Evaluating

23

87) Difficult labor Answer: dystocia Page Ref: 407 Question Type: Signs and Symptoms of Obstetrics Objective: 3 Taxonomy: Evaluating 88) Discharge of milk Answer: lactorrhea Page Ref: 407 Question Type: Signs and Symptoms of Obstetrics Objective: 3 Taxonomy: Evaluating 89) Surgical puncture of the amnion Answer: amniocentesis Page Ref: 413 Question Type: Treatments, Procedures, and Devices of Obstetrics Objective: 3 Taxonomy: Evaluating 90) Incision through the vulva to widen the vaginal opening during labor Answer: episiotomy Page Ref: 415 Question Type: Treatments, Procedures, and Devices of Obstetrics Objective: 3 Taxonomy: Evaluating 91) Process of measuring a fetus Answer: fetometry Page Ref: 415 Question Type: Treatments, Procedures, and Devices of Obstetrics Objective: 3 Taxonomy: Evaluating 92) A swelling of the scrotum caused by fluid accumulation within the testes is a hydrocele.

Answer: TRUE Page Ref: 374 Question Type: Diseases and Disorders of the Male Reproductive System Objective: 3 Taxonomy: Applying

24

93) Priapism is a twisted spermatic cord.

Answer: FALSE Explanation: Priapism is an abnormally persistent erection of the penis, often accompanied by pain and tenderness. A testicular torsion occurs when the spermatic cord becomes twisted.

Page Ref: 374 Question Type: Diseases and Disorders of the Male Reproductive System Objective: 3 Taxonomy: Remembering 94) The prostate-specific antigen, or PSA, test measures the level of a protein in the blood, which, if elevated, suggests the presence of prostate cancer.

Answer: TRUE Page Ref: 380 Question Type: Treatments, Procedures, and Devices of the Male Reproductive System Objective: 2 Taxonomy: Remembering 95) A fistula is an abnormal passage from one organ or cavity to another.

Answer: TRUE Page Ref: 391 Question Type: Diseases and Disorders of the Female Reproductive System Objective: 2 Taxonomy: Remembering 96) A fibroid tumor is a cancerous tumor of the uterus.

Answer: FALSE Explanation: The muscular wall of the uterus is the origin of benign tumors known as leiomyomas, also known as fibroid tumors because of their tough, fibrous structure.

Page Ref: 392 Question Type: Diseases and Disorders of the Female Reproductive System Objective: 3 Taxonomy: Remembering 97) Hysteroptosis is a prolapsed or fallen uterus.

Answer: TRUE Page Ref: 394 Question Type: Diseases and Disorders of the Female Reproductive System Objective: 3 Taxonomy: Applying 98) The sensation of being pregnant when a true pregnancy does not exist is known as a false pregnancy, or pseudocyesis.

Answer: TRUE Page Ref: 407 Question Type: Signs and Symptoms of Obstetrics Objective: 3 Taxonomy: Applying 25

99) Neonatal respiratory distress syndrome is a disease of toddlers in which the lung cells are too immature for adequate breathing.

Answer: FALSE Explanation: The condition described does cause difficulty breathing, but not in toddlers. It occurs most commonly in premature infants as indicated in the condition name neo/natal, meaning "new birth."

Page Ref: 412 Question Type: Diseases and Disorders of Obstetrics Objective: 2 Taxonomy: Applying 100) A sudden termination of pregnancy without apparent cause is known as a miscarriage or spontaneous abortion.

Answer: TRUE Page Ref: 413 Question Type: Diseases and Disorders of Obstetrics Objective: 2 Taxonomy: Applying 101) A sexually transmitted infection caused by a spirochete that causes chancres as the first symptom is genital herpes.

Answer: FALSE Explanation: The red, painless pustules on the skin that erode to form small ulcers known as chancres are a sign of syphilis.

Page Ref: 418 Question Type: Sexually Transmitted Infections Objective: 2 Taxonomy: Remembering 102) Because the male urethra is responsible for transporting both urine and semen, diseases of the male reproductive system are usually treated within the field of urology by a urologist.

Answer: TRUE Page Ref: 368 Question Type: Medical Terms of the Reproductive System Objective: 3 Taxonomy: Remembering 103) The absence of living sperm in semen is called azoospermia.

Answer: TRUE Page Ref: 370 Question Type: Signs and Symptoms of the Male Reproductive System Objective: 3 Taxonomy: Applying

26

104) Inflammation of the urethra is called urethritis.

Answer: TRUE Page Ref: 371 Question Type: Signs and Symptoms of the Male Reproductive System Objective: 3 Taxonomy: Applying 105) Benign prostatic hyperplasia is also called benign prostatic hypertrophy; both are abbreviated BPP. Answer: FALSE Explanation: Benign prostatic hyperplasia is also called benign prostatic hypertrophy; both are abbreviated BPH. Page Ref: 372 Question Type: Diseases and Disorders of the Male Reproductive System Objective: 2 Taxonomy: Remembering 106) The word root orchid means "testis."

Answer: TRUE Explanation: Orchid means "testis."

Page Ref: 365 Question Type: Word Building Objective: 1 Taxonomy: Remembering 107) A prostate-specific antigen is a clinical test that measures levels of the protein prostatespecific antigen in the urine.

Answer: FALSE Explanation: A prostate-specific antigen is a clinical test that measures levels of the protein prostate-specific antigen in the blood.

Page Ref: 380 Question Type: Treatments, Procedures, and Devices of the Male Reproductive System Objective: 3 Taxonomy: Remembering 108) A surgery to reverse a vasectomy is known as a vasovasostomy.

Answer: TRUE Page Ref: 382 Question Type: Treatments, Procedures, and Devices of the Male Reproductive System Objective: 2 Taxonomy: Applying

27

Match the combining form with the correct definition.

A) breast B) testis C) ovary D) vagina E) trumpet F) glans penis G) uterus H) pregnancy I) vulva J) male 109) andr/o 110) balan/o 111) colp/o 112) episi/o 113) gravid/o 114) hyster/o 115) mast/o 116) oophor/o 117) orchid/o 118) salping/o Answers: 109) J 110) F 111) D 112) I 113) H 114) G 115) A 116) C 117) B 118) E

28

Medical Terminology Complete! 4e (Wingerd) Chapter 13 The Nervous System and Mental Health 1) Select the combining form that means "mind."

A) Esthesi/o B) Psych/o C) Crani/o D) Encephal/o Answer: B Explanation: Psych/o means mind. The meanings of the other combining forms are esthesi/o, "sensation"; crani/o, "skull or cranium"; and encephal/o, "brain."

Page Ref: 429 Question Type: Word Building Objective: 1 Taxonomy: Remembering 2) Which of the following terms is spelled correctly?

A) Seizure B) Seesure C) Czyoor D) Seasyour Answer: A Explanation: Seizure is the correct spelling. It is pronounced "SEE zhur."

Page Ref: 433 Question Type: Spelling Objective: 5 Taxonomy: Evaluating 3) The correct meaning of the root in the term cephalalgia is: A) brain.

B) pertaining to.

C) pain.

D) head.

Answer: D Explanation: The root in cephal/algia is cephal, meaning "head." This is different from the root encephal, meaning "brain." Cerebr/o also means "brain"; -algia means "pain"; and -ic, -us, and al, among other suffixes, mean "pertaining to."

Page Ref: 433 Question Type: Word Building Objective: 3 Taxonomy: Applying

1

4) An abnormal sensation of numbness and tingling caused by an injury to a nerve is known as: A) paresthesia.

B) neurasthenia.

C) neuralgia.

D) hyperesthesia.

Answer: A Explanation: The prefix para- means "alongside" or in this case "abnormal." The root esthesi means "sensation." The other choices could also be eliminated by deconstructing portions of them: -algia, "pain"; hyper-, "excessive"; and -asthenia, "weakness."

Page Ref: 434 Question Type: Signs and Symptoms of the Nervous System Objective: 4 Taxonomy: Applying 5) The medical term for temporary loss of consciousness (fainting) is: A) syncope.

B) vertigo.

C) dementia.

D) agnosia.

Answer: A Explanation: Syncope is a Greek word meaning "sudden loss of strength," which is what occurs when someone faints. Vertigo is a sensation of dizziness. Dementia is an impairment of mental functioning usually associated with old age. Agnosia is the loss of ability to interpret sensory information.

Page Ref: 434 Question Type: Signs and Symptoms of the Nervous System Objective: 4 Taxonomy: Applying 6) The correct meaning of the word root in the term neuroma is: A) nerve.

B) tumor.

C) condition.

D) eye.

Answer: A Explanation: The root neur means "nerve." The o in neur/oma belongs to the suffix -oma, meaning "tumor." Suffixes meaning "condition of" include -ia and -osis. Ocul/o and ophthalm/o mean "eye."

Page Ref: 446 Question Type: Word Building Objective: 4 Taxonomy: Applying

2

7) Choose the term with the correct spelling.

A) Allshimur's B) Alzheimer's C) Alzhighmer's D) Allshimoor's Answer: B Explanation: The correct spelling is Alzheimer's. The term is pronounced "ALTS high merz."

This condition is named for the physician who first drew the connection between the symptoms and amyloid plaques and neurofibrillary tangles in the brain.

Page Ref: 436 Question Type: Spelling Objective: 5 Taxonomy: Evaluating 8) The dilation of a blood vessel supplying the brain is known as: A) cerebral embolism.

B) cerebral thrombosis.

C) cerebral atherosclerosis.

D) cerebral aneurysm.

Answer: D Explanation: All the options include cerebral, which means "pertaining to the brain or cerebrum." If the term aneurysm, which is a circulatory problem caused by the weakened wall of a blood vessel, is not memorized, the other options can be eliminated by deconstructing portions of them: sclerosis, "condition of hard"; thromb, "clot"; and embol, "plug."

Page Ref: 438 Question Type: Diseases and Disorders of the Nervous System Objective: 3 Taxonomy: Remembering 9) A patient presents to the Emergency Department complaining of numbness and weakness on his left side. The doctor believes this patient is experiencing a stroke (irreversible death of brain cells due to cut-off blood supply to the brain). The correct abbreviation for this medical condition is: A) MRI. B) CP. C) CAT. D) CVA. Answer: D Explanation: CVA stands for cerebrovascular accident, a blood supply injury to the brain, commonly known as a stroke. MRI stands for magnetic resonance imaging, CP for chest pain, and CAT for computed axial tomography.

Page Ref: 439 Question Type: Abbreviations Objective: 3 Taxonomy: Evaluating

3

10) The definition of encephalitis is: A) a floating blood clot in the brain.

B) inflammation of the brain.

C) softening of brain tissue.

D) a brain tumor.

Answer: B Explanation: The root encephal means "brain" and the suffix -itis means "inflammation." A floating blood clot in the brain is an embolus. Softening of brain tissue is encephalomalacia.

Brain tumors include gliomas and meningiomas.

Page Ref: 441 Question Type: Diseases and Disorders of the Nervous System Objective: 3 Taxonomy: Applying 11) The medical term for inflammation of the brain is: A) encephalitis.

B) meningitis.

C) keratitis.

D) retinitis.

Answer: A Explanation: The root encephal means "brain" and the suffix -itis means "inflammation."

Meningitis is an inflammation of the meninges. Keratitis is inflammation of the cornea. Retinitis is an inflammation of the retina.

Page Ref: 441 Question Type: Diseases and Disorders of the Nervous System Objective: 4 Taxonomy: Applying 12) An injury to the soft tissue of the brain resulting from a blow or violent shaking that results in head pain, dizziness, and sometimes nausea is called a: A) meningocele.

B) neuroma.

C) myelogram.

D) concussion.

Answer: D Explanation: A concussion is an injury to soft tissue resulting from a blow or violent shaking. A cerebral concussion affects the brain, typically causing head pain, dizziness, and sometimes nausea. If the term is not memorized, the other choices can be eliminated by deconstructing portions of them: -cele, "herniation or swelling"; -gram, "a record or image"; and -oma, "tumor."

Page Ref: 441 Question Type: Diseases and Disorders of the Nervous System Objective: 3 Taxonomy: Remembering

4

13) The medical term for inflammation of the membrane covering the surface of the brain and spinal cord is: A) meningitis.

B) encephalitis.

C) retinitis.

D) keratitis.

Answer: A Explanation: The root mening means "meninges" and the suffix -itis means "inflammation."

Keratitis is inflammation of the cornea. Retinitis is an inflammation of the retina. Encephalitis is an inflammation of the brain.

Page Ref: 443 Question Type: Diseases and Disorders of the Nervous System Objective: 4 Taxonomy: Applying 14) The definition of myelitis is: A) inflammation of a nerve.

B) inflammation of the brain.

C) inflammation of the spinal nerve roots.

D) inflammation of the spinal cord.

Answer: D Explanation: The root myel means "spinal cord, medulla, or myelin" and the suffix -itis means "inflammation." Encephalitis is inflammation of the brain. Neuritis is inflammation of a nerve.

Radic/o and radicul/o refer to the nerve roots.

Page Ref: 445 Question Type: Diseases and Disorders of the Nervous System Objective: 3 Taxonomy: Applying 15) This disease is characterized by deterioration of the myelin sheath covering the axons within the brain.

A) Parkinson's disease B) Multiple sclerosis C) Alzheimer's disease D) Ménière's disease Answer: B Explanation: Multiple sclerosis is characterized by the deterioration of the myelin sheath covering the brain's axons. It leads to the gradual development of multiple small areas of hardened tissue in the cerebrum (brain), indicated by scler, "hard," and -osis, "condition of."

Parkinson's disease is a chronic degenerative disease characterized by tremors, rigidity, and shuffling gait. Alzheimer's disease is caused by amyloid plaques and neurofibrillary tangles in the brain. Ménière's disease is a chronic disease of the inner ear.

Page Ref: 445 Question Type: Diseases and Disorders of the Nervous System Objective: 3 Taxonomy: Remembering 5

16) A chronic degenerative disease of the brain indicated by hand tremors, rigidity, and a shuffling gait is known as: A) multiple sclerosis.

B) amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.

C) Parkinson's disease.

D) Alzheimer's disease.

Answer: C Explanation: Parkinson's disease is a chronic degenerative disease of the brain characterized by hand tremors, rigidity and a shuffling gait. It is also called parkinsonism. Multiple sclerosis leads to the development of multiple small areas of hardened tissue in the cerebrum (brain), indicated by scler, "hard," and -osis, "condition of." Alzheimer's disease is caused by amyloid plaques and neurofibrillary tangles in the brain. Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis is characterized by muscle atrophy caused by hardening of nervous tissue on the lateral columns of the spinal cord.

Page Ref: 447 Question Type: Diseases and Disorders of the Nervous System Objective: 3 Taxonomy: Remembering 17) The patient has paralysis on one side of the body. The chart would show that the patient has: A) hemiplegia.

B) quadriplegia.

C) paraplegia.

D) palsy.

Answer: A Explanation: The prefix hemi- means "half" and the suffix -plegia means "paralysis." This presents as involvement of the upper and lower extremities on the same side. This is not to be confused with paraplegia, which involves the bilateral lower extremities. The term quadrimeans four, and quadriplegia is paralysis of all four extremities. A palsy is a condition of muscular paralysis.

Page Ref: 447 Question Type: Diseases and Disorders of the Nervous System Objective: 3 Taxonomy: Applying

6

18) This is a chronic disease characterized by uncontrollable tremors.

A) Alzheimer's disease B) Multiple sclerosis C) Schizophrenia D) Parkinson's disease Answer: D Explanation: Parkinson's disease is a chronic disease characterized by uncontrollable tremors. If the disease is not memorized, some of the other choices can be eliminated by deconstructing parts of them: scler/osis, "condition of hard," and schiz/o/phren/ia, "split mind." Alzheimer's disease is caused by amyloid plaques and neurofibrillary tangles in the brain.

Page Ref: 447 Question Type: Diseases and Disorders of the Nervous System Objective: 3 Taxonomy: Remembering 19) The medical term for being paralyzed from the neck down is: A) quadriplegia.

B) hemiplegia.

C) monoplegia.

D) paraplegia.

Answer: A Explanation: Quadriplegia involves paralysis (-plegia) of all four (quadri-) extremities. The prefix hemi- means "half," mono- means "one," and para- means "alongside."

Page Ref: 447 Question Type: Diseases and Disorders of the Nervous System Objective: 4 Taxonomy: Applying 20) The medical term for paralysis of both legs is: A) quadriplegia.

B) monoplegia.

C) hemiplegia.

D) paraplegia.

Answer: D Explanation: Paraplegia is paralysis of the muscles of the legs and lower body (para-, "alongside," and —plegia, "paralysis"). The prefix hemi- means "half" and the suffix -plegia, "paralysis." This presents as involvement of the upper and lower extremity on the same side.

Quadri- means "four" and mono- means "one."

Page Ref: 447 Question Type: Diseases and Disorders of the Nervous System Objective: 4 Taxonomy: Applying

7

21) The physician has prescribed a medication to relieve the patient's pain. The nurse should prepare to give a(n): A) myelogram.

B) analgesic.

C) sedative.

D) anesthetic Answer: B Explanation: The prefix an- means "without or absence of" and the suffix -algesia means "pain."

Not to be confused with an/esthet/ic, which diminishes sensation in general, but not pain. A myelogram is an x-ray of the spinal cord following injection of contrast dye. Sedatives reduce central nervous system activity.

Page Ref: 450 Question Type: Treatments, Procedures, and Devices of the Nervous System Objective: 4 Taxonomy: Applying 22) The patient is scheduled to undergo a diagnostic procedure that records the electrical impulses of the brain. This is known as: A) echoencephalography.

B) electroencephalography.

C) positron emission tomography.

D) cerebral angiography.

Answer: B Explanation: The combining form electr/o means "electricity"; the combining form encephal/o, "brain"; and the suffix -graphy, "recording process." This is not to be confused with echoencephalography, with the combining form ech/o for sound referring to the diagnostic procedure of an ultrasound. Positron emission tomography is an imaging technology. Cerebral angiography shows blood flow in the brain.

Page Ref: 452 Question Type: Treatments, Procedures, and Devices of the Nervous System Objective: 4 Taxonomy: Applying 23) This test measures the electrical activity of the brain.

A) EEG B) PET C) LP D) CAT Answer: A Explanation: EEG stands for electr/o/encephal/o/graphy. The combining form electr/o means "electricity"; the combining form encephal/o, "brain"; and the suffix -graphy, "recording process." PET stands for positron emission tomography. LP stands for lumbar puncture. CAT stands for computerized axial tomography.

Page Ref: 452 Question Type: Treatments, Procedures, and Devices of the Nervous System Objective: 3 Taxonomy: Applying 8

24) This test involves withdrawing and analyzing fluid from the lumbar region of the spinal cord.

A) EEG B) PET C) MRI D) LP Answer: D Explanation: LP stands for lumbar puncture, indicating the region of the spine where the fluid is removed. EEG stands for electroencephalography. PET stands for positron emission tomography. MRI stands for magnetic resonance imaging.

Page Ref: 453 Question Type: Treatments, Procedures, and Devices of the Nervous System Objective: 3 Taxonomy: Applying 25) This test uses magnetism to image the brain and other soft tissues in the body.

A) PET B) EEG C) MRI D) CAT Answer: C Explanation: MRI stands for magnetic resonance imaging. PET stands for positron emission tomography. EEG stands for electroencephalography. CAT stands for computerized axial tomography.

Page Ref: 454 Question Type: Treatments, Procedures, and Devices of the Nervous System Objective: 3 Taxonomy: Applying 26) The combining form schiz/o means: A) to divide, split.

B) brain.

C) fear.

D) mind.

Answer: A Explanation: The combining form schiz/o means "to divide, split." The word parts for the other choices are -phobia, "fear"; phren/o, "mind"; and cerebr/o or encephal/o, "brain."

Page Ref: 457 Question Type: Word Building Objective: 1 Taxonomy: Remembering

9

27) This disease is characterized by alternating mania (excessively high energy) and depression (excessively low energy).

A) Attention-deficit disorder B) Parkinson's disease C) Posttraumatic stress disorder D) Bipolar disorder Answer: D Explanation: These two emotional states are extreme opposites of each other, indicated by the prefix bi-, "two," and polar, "poles or directions." Attention-deficit disorder is characterized by poor concentration. Parkinson's disease is a chronic degenerative disease characterized by tremors, rigidity, and shuffling gait. Posttraumatic stress disorder is caused by severe mental strain or trauma.

Page Ref: 458 Question Type: Mental Health Diseases and Disorders Objective: 3 Taxonomy: Applying 28) This disease is characterized by short attention span, poor attention, and hyperactivity.

A) PD B) ADHD C) CVA D) MS Answer: B Explanation: ADHD stands for attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder. Note the prefix hyper-, "above or excessive." PD stands for Parkinson disease. CVA stands for cerebrovascular accident.

MS stands for multiple sclerosis.

Page Ref: 458 Question Type: Mental Health Diseases and Disorders Objective: 3 Taxonomy: Applying 29) This disease is characterized by excessive worry and apprehension of harm.

A) Schizophrenia B) Anxiety disorder C) Multiple sclerosis D) Bipolar disorder Answer: B Explanation: Anxiety disorder is characterized by apprehension of danger. If the term is not memorized, deconstruct portions of the other choices and eliminate them: schiz/o/phren/ia, "split mind"; bi/polar, "two poles or opposites"; and scler/osis, "condition of hardness."

Page Ref: 458 Question Type: Mental Health Diseases and Disorders Objective: 3 Taxonomy: Remembering

10

30) An incapacitating mental disorder indicated by a gross distortion of emotions and an inability to recognize reality, relate to others, and cope with ordinary demands of daily life is known as: A) dementia.

B) psychosis.

C) neurosis.

D) psychosomatic.

Answer: B Explanation: The general term for mental diseases that present in the manner described is psych/osis, "condition of the mind." Dementia is an impairment of mental functioning usually associated with old age. Neurosis is a counterproductive response to stress. Psychosomatic refers to the influence of the mind over bodily functions.

Page Ref: 460 Question Type: Mental Health Diseases and Disorders Objective: 3 Taxonomy: Remembering 31) This disease is characterized by hallucinations, delusions, and a general loss of contact with reality.

A) Parkinson's disease B) Ménière's disease C) Schizophrenia D) Anxiety disorder Answer: C Explanation: The term schiz/o/phren/ia means "condition of split mind." There are many forms of schizophrenia, each type classified according to the experiences of the patient. Parkinson's disease is a chronic degenerative disease characterized by tremors, rigidity, and shuffling gait.

Ménière's disease is a chronic disease of the inner ear. Anxiety disorders occur when anxiety dominates behavior.

Page Ref: 460 Question Type: Mental Health Diseases and Disorders Objective: 3 Taxonomy: Remembering 32) A combining form that means "brain" is Answer: encephal/o, encephalo Page Ref: 429 Question Type: Word Building Objective: 1 Taxonomy: Remembering

or cerebr/o.

33) A stroke victim is unable to speak. The health care provider would chart this as Answer: aphasia Page Ref: 433 Question Type: Signs and Symptoms of the Nervous System Objective: 4 Taxonomy: Evaluating 11

.

34) A(n) is a series of involuntary muscular spasms caused by uncoordinated excitation of neurons that triggers muscle contraction.

Answer: convulsion Page Ref: 433 Question Type: Signs and Symptoms of the Nervous System Objective: 3 Taxonomy: Remembering 35) The meaning of syncope is .

Answer: fainting Page Ref: 434 Question Type: Signs and Symptoms of the Nervous System Objective: 3 Taxonomy: Remembering 36) The suffix that means "paralysis" is Answer: -plegia, plegia Page Ref: 436 Question Type: Word Building Objective: 1 Taxonomy: Remembering

.

37) disease is a disease characterized by memory loss and confusion.

Answer: Alzheimer, Alzheimer's, Alzheimers Page Ref: 436 Question Type: Diseases and Disorders of the Nervous System Objective: 3 Taxonomy: Remembering 38) A patient has been admitted with a CVA. The health care provider realizes that this is the acronym for . (two words) Answer: cerebrovascular accident Page Ref: 439 Question Type: Diseases and Disorders of the Nervous System Objective: 5 Taxonomy: Remembering 39) A brain disorder characterized by recurrent seizures is known as Answer: epilepsy Page Ref: 441 Question Type: Diseases and Disorders of the Nervous System Objective: 3 Taxonomy: Remembering

12

.

40) A patient suffers from a disease that literally means "condition of split mind." The name of this disease that causes delusions and hallucinations is .

Answer: schizophrenia Page Ref: 460 Question Type: Mental Health Diseases and Disorders Objective: 3 Taxonomy: Evaluating 41) A patient suffers from a disease that causes sudden, uncontrollable episodes of sleep. The name of this disease is .

Answer: narcolepsy Page Ref: 446 Question Type: Diseases and Disorders of the Nervous System Objective: 4 Taxonomy: Evaluating 42) disease is a chronic degenerative disease of the brain characterized by hand tremors.

Answer: Parkinson's, Parkinson, Parkinsons Page Ref: 447 Question Type: Diseases and Disorders of the Nervous System Objective: 3 Taxonomy: Remembering 43) The medical term for a specialist in treating diseases of the nervous system is a(n) Answer: neurologist Page Ref: 454 Question Type: Treatments, Procedures, and Devices of the Nervous System Objective: 4 Taxonomy: Evaluating 44) The medical term for a physician specializing in mental health is a(n) Answer: psychiatrist Page Ref: 455 Question Type: Treatments, Procedures, and Devices of the Nervous System Objective: 4 Taxonomy: Evaluating

.

45) An impairment of mental function that is characterized by memory loss, disorientation, and confusion is known as . It is often associated with Alzheimer's disease.

Answer: dementia Page Ref: 458 Question Type: Mental Health Diseases and Disorders Objective: 3 Taxonomy: Remembering

13

.

46) The medical term for a reading handicap where some letters and numbers are reversed by the brain is .

Answer: dyslexia Page Ref: 459 Question Type: Mental Health Diseases and Disorders Objective: 4 Taxonomy: Evaluating 47) An abnormal, irrational fear is called a(n) .

Answer: phobia Page Ref: 459 Question Type: Mental Health Diseases and Disorders Objective: 3 Taxonomy: Remembering 48) The prefix a- means "absence of or Answer: without Page Ref: 432 Question Type: Word Building Objective: 1 Taxonomy: Remembering

."

49) The combining form phas/o means "to Answer: speak Page Ref: 432 Question Type: Word Building Objective: 1 Taxonomy: Remembering

."

50) MRI is the abbreviation for Answer: magnetic resonance imaging Page Ref: 462 Question Type: Abbreviations Objective: 5 Taxonomy: Remembering

. (three words)

51) EEG is the abbreviation for Answer: electroencephalography Page Ref: 462 Question Type: Abbreviations Objective: 5 Taxonomy: Remembering

. (one word)

14

52) CT is the abbreviation for Answer: computed tomography Page Ref: 462 Question Type: Abbreviations Objective: 5 Taxonomy: Remembering

. (two words)

53) MS is the abbreviation for Answer: multiple sclerosis Page Ref: 462 Question Type: Abbreviations Objective: 5 Taxonomy: Remembering

. (two words)

54) ADHD is the abbreviation for . (four words) Answer: attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder Page Ref: 462 Question Type: Abbreviations Objective: 5 Taxonomy: Remembering 55) CVA is the abbreviation for Answer: cerebrovascular accident Page Ref: 462 Question Type: Abbreviations Objective: 5 Taxonomy: Remembering

. (two words)

Provide the term based on the brief definition.

56) Nerve pain Answer: neuralgia Page Ref: 434 Question Type: Signs and Symptoms of the Nervous System Objective: 4 Taxonomy: Evaluating 57) Without the condition of sensation Answer: anesthesia Page Ref: 450 Question Type: Signs and Symptoms of the Nervous System Objective: 4 Taxonomy: Evaluating

15

58) Incision into the skull Answer: craniotomy Page Ref: 451 Question Type: Treatments, Procedures, and Devices of the Nervous System Objective: 4 Taxonomy: Evaluating 59) Process of recording the electrical activity of the brain Answer: electroencephalography Page Ref: 452 Question Type: Treatments, Procedures, and Devices of the Nervous System Objective: 4 Taxonomy: Evaluating 60) Study of the mind Answer: psychology Page Ref: 455 Question Type: Treatments, Procedures, and Devices of the Nervous System Objective: 4 Taxonomy: Evaluating 61) The medical term for headache is cephalalgia.

Answer: TRUE Page Ref: 433 Question Type: Signs and Symptoms of the Nervous System Objective: 4 Taxonomy: Applying 62) Bell's palsy occurs when the facial muscles are paralyzed on one side.

Answer: TRUE Page Ref: 437 Question Type: Diseases and Disorders of the Nervous System Objective: 3 Taxonomy: Remembering 63) Hardening of the arteries of the brain is known as cerebral embolism.

Answer: FALSE Explanation: In cerebral ather/o/scler/osis the vessels gradually close due to the accumulation of fatty plaques. When a piece of the clot breaks off and travels in the bloodstream, it is called an embolism.

Page Ref: 438 Question Type: Diseases and Disorders of the Nervous System Objective: 3 Taxonomy: Applying

16

64) A general term describing several levels of decreased consciousness is agnosia.

Answer: FALSE Explanation: The prefix a- means "without or absence of"; the root gnos, "knowledge"; and the suffix -ia, "condition of." It is the loss of the ability to interpret sensory information.

Page Ref: 436 Question Type: Diseases and Disorders of the Nervous System Objective: 3 Taxonomy: Applying 65) Increased volume of cerebrospinal fluid in the brain ventricles of a child before the cranial sutures have sealed, causing enlargement of the cranium, is known as meningomyelocele.

Answer: FALSE Explanation: The condition described is hydro/cephalus, meaning "water on the brain."

Mening/o/myel/o/cele literally means "meninges and spinal cord herniation." It is form of spina bifida.

Page Ref: 443 Question Type: Diseases and Disorders of the Nervous System Objective: 3 Taxonomy: Applying 66) A meningocele is a protrusion of the meninges through an opening caused by a defect in the skull or spinal column.

Answer: TRUE Page Ref: 444 Question Type: Diseases and Disorders of the Nervous System Objective: 3 Taxonomy: Applying 67) The patient is scheduled for a rhizotomy or radicotomy to help with chronic pain. The patient should be prepared for an incision into a nerve root.

Answer: TRUE Page Ref: 456 Question Type: Treatments, Procedures, and Devices of the Nervous System Objective: 4 Taxonomy: Applying 68) The combining form psych/o means "study."

Answer: FALSE Explanation: The combining form psych/o means "mind."

Page Ref: 429 Question Type: Word Building Objective: 1 Taxonomy: Remembering

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69) The clinical term for a headache, or a generalized pain in the region of the head, includes the combining form for "head," encephal/o, and the suffix that means "condition of pain."

Answer: FALSE Explanation: The clinical term for a headache, or a generalized pain in the region of the head, includes the combining form for head, cephal/o, and the suffix that means "condition of pain."

The combining form encephal/o means "brain."

Page Ref: 433 Question Type: Word Building Objective: 1 Taxonomy: Applying 70) The suffix -asthenia means "strong."

Answer: FALSE Explanation: The suffix -asthenia means "weakness."

Page Ref: 432 Question Type: Word Building Objective: 1 Taxonomy: Remembering 71) The combining form neur/o means "nerve," and the suffix -logy means "study of" or "science of."

Answer: TRUE Page Ref: 432 Question Type: Word Building Objective: 1 Taxonomy: Remembering 72) The combining form phas/o means "to speak," and the prefix a- means "without or absence of."

Answer: TRUE Page Ref: 433 Question Type: Word Building Objective: 1 Taxonomy: Remembering 73) A convulsion is a sign of a neurological disorder and is also called a seizure.

Answer: TRUE Page Ref: 433 Question Type: Signs and Symptoms of the Nervous System Objective: 3 Taxonomy: Remembering

18

74) The brain and spinal cord form the central nervous system, or CNS. Answer: TRUE Page Ref: 429 Question Type: Signs and Symptoms of the Nervous System Objective: 2 Taxonomy: Remembering 75) Neurons are supported by other cells of nervous tissue, known as ganglions.

Answer: FALSE Explanation: Neurons are supported by neuroglia.

Page Ref: 429 Question Type: Signs and Symptoms of the Nervous System Objective: 2 Taxonomy: Remembering 76) The blood-brain-barrier keeps most bacteria, harmful cells, and many toxins from entering the nervous system.

Answer: TRUE Page Ref: 431 Question Type: Signs and Symptoms of the Nervous System Objective: 2 Taxonomy: Remembering

19

Match the combining form with the correct definition.

A) to divide B) knowledge C) brain D) nerve E) skull F) sensation G) hard H) to speak I) spinal cord J) mind 77) cerebr/o 78) crani/o 79) dur/o 80) esthes/o 81) gnos/o 82) myel/o 83) neur/o 84) phas/o 85) psych/o 86) schiz/o Answers: 77) C 78) E 79) G 80) F 81) B 82) I 83) D 84) H 85) J 86) A

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Medical Terminology Complete! 4e (Wingerd) Chapter 14 The Special Senses of Sight and Hearing 1) Blepharoptosis can be defined as: A) repair of severe eyelid wrinkles.

B) infection of the eyelid lining.

C) a drooping eyelid.

D) infection of eyelid glands.

Answer: C Explanation: The combining form blephar/o means "eyelid" and the suffix -ptosis, "drooping."

Blepharoptosis literally means "drooping eyelid." The other three options all involve the eyelid, but none of them involve drooping.

Page Ref: 474 Question Type: Signs and Symptoms of the Eyes and Sight Objective: 4 Taxonomy: Applying 2) This disease is caused by reduced transparency of the lens inside the eyeball.

A) Conjunctivitis B) Glaucoma C) Astigmatism D) Cataract Answer: D Explanation: In cataract, the transparency of the lens is reduced. Glaucoma is a loss of vision that occurs when the fluid pressure within the anterior chamber of the eyeball (called intraocular pressure) rises above normal. The other choices can be eliminated by deconstructing portions of them: -itis, "inflammation," and stigmat, "point."

Page Ref: 476 Question Type: Diseases and Disorders of the Eyes and Sight Objective: 3 Taxonomy: Remembering 3) This disease, also known as pinkeye, is caused by inflammation of the membrane covering the anterior/exposed surface of the eye.

A) Otitis B) Meningitis C) Encephalitis D) Conjunctivitis Answer: D Explanation: The root conjunctiv refers to the conjunctiva membrane of the eye, and the suffix itis means "inflammation." Otitis is a general term for inflammation of the ear. Meningitis is inflammation of the membranes covering the brain and spinal cord. Encephalitis is inflammation of the brain.

Page Ref: 477 Question Type: Diseases and Disorders of the Eyes and Sight Objective: 4 Taxonomy: Applying 1

4) Select the root that means "iris."

A) Ir/o B) Conjunctiv/o C) Retin/o D) Kerat/o Answer: A Explanation: Ir/o is the root for iris. The meanings of the other combining forms are conjunctiv/o," the conjunctiva membrane of the eye"; retin/o, "retina"; and kerat/o, "cornea."

Page Ref: 471 Question Type: Word Building Objective: 1 Taxonomy: Remembering 5) An eye disease characterized by increased intraocular pressure is: A) ophthalmomalacia.

B) glaucoma.

C) keratitis.

D) cataract.

Answer: B Explanation: In glaucoma, a loss of vision occurs when the fluid pressure within the anterior chamber of the eyeball (called intraocular pressure) rises above normal due to a blockage in a small opening that normally drains the fluid. Ophthalmomalacia is an abnormal softening of the eye. Keratitis is an inflammation of the iris and cornea. A cataract is a clouding of the lens of the eye.

Page Ref: 478 Question Type: Diseases and Disorders of the Eyes and Sight Objective: 3 Taxonomy: Remembering 6) The definition of diplopia is: A) a disease of both eyes.

B) turning of both eyes outward.

C) infection in both eyes.

D) double vision.

Answer: D Explanation: The prefix dipl- means "double" and the suffix -opia means "condition of vision."

The word parts in the term do not specify a disease, a turning, or an infection.

Page Ref: 478 Question Type: Word Building Objective: 3 Taxonomy: Applying

2

7) Choose the term with the correct spelling.

A) Glaucoma B) Glawcohma C) Galucomuh D) Glokoma Answer: A Explanation: Glaucoma is the correct spelling. The term is pronounced "glaw KOH mah."

Page Ref: 478 Question Type: Spelling Objective: 5 Taxonomy: Evaluating 8) An age-related eye disease characterized by progressive deterioration of the macula lutea leading to a loss of visual focus is: A) macular degeneration.

B) cataract.

C) ophthalmomalacia.

D) conjunctivitis.

Answer: A Explanation: The root macul refers to the macula and the suffix -ar means "pertaining to."

Ophthalmomalacia is an abnormal softening of the eye. A cataract is a clouding of the lens of the eye. Conjunctivitis is inflammation of the conjunctiva.

Page Ref: 479 Question Type: Diseases and Disorders of the Eyes and Sight Objective: 3 Taxonomy: Remembering 9) The medical term for nearsightedness is: A) myopia.

B) astigmatism.

C) hyperopia.

D) conjunctivitis.

Answer: A Explanation: In the word myopia, my is derived from the Greek word myein, which means "to shut." When followed by the suffix -opia, the term myopia translates into "condition of shut vision." Astigmatism is a defect of the eye that produces blurred vision. Hyperopia is farsightedness. Conjunctivitis is inflammation of the conjunctiva.

Page Ref: 481 Question Type: Diseases and Disorders of the Eyes and Sight Objective: 4 Taxonomy: Applying

3

10) People with have impaired vision due to a defective curvature of the eye.

A) astigmatism B) glaucoma C) conjunctivitis D) cataracts Answer: A Explanation: The prefix a- means "without or absence of"; the root stigmat, "point"; and -ism, "disease or condition." Astigmatism literally means "condition of without a point, " which refers to a defective curvature of the eye. Glaucoma is a loss of vision caused by increased pressure within the eye. Conjunctivitis is inflammation of the conjunctiva. A cataract is a clouding of the lens of the eye.

Page Ref: 481 Question Type: Diseases and Disorders of the Eyes and Sight Objective: 3 Taxonomy: Applying 11) This procedure involves the use of a laser to reshape the cornea and to correct vision.

A) LASIK B) ALS C) LP D) ADHD Answer: A Explanation: LASIK is the acronym for laser-assisted in situ keratomileusis. ALS is amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. LP stands for lumbar puncture. ADHD stands for attention deficit hyperactivity disorder.

Page Ref: 485 Question Type: Treatments, Procedures, and Devices of the Eyes and Sight Objective: 3 Taxonomy: Evaluating 12) The medical term for ringing in the ears is: A) vertigo.

B) tinnitus.

C) seizure.

D) otalgia.

Answer: B Explanation: Tinnitus is from the Latin word tinnio, which means "jingling sound." Vertigo is a sense of dizziness. A seizure is a series of involuntary muscle spasms. Otalgia refers to earache.

Page Ref: 488 Question Type: Signs and Symptoms of the Ears and Hearing Objective: 3 Taxonomy: Applying

4

13) What term means "pain in the ear or earache"?

A) Otitis B) Vertigo C) Otorrhea D) Otalgia Answer: D Explanation: The root ot means "ear" and the suffix -algia means "pain." Otitis is inflammation of the ear. Vertigo is a sense of dizziness. Otorrhea is discharge from the ear.

Page Ref: 487 Question Type: Signs and Symptoms of the Ears and Hearing Objective: 4 Taxonomy: Applying 14) The medical term for inflammation of the middle ear is: A) otitis externa.

B) otosclerosis.

C) otitis media.

D) otoscopy.

Answer: C Explanation: The root ot means "ear" and the suffix -itis means "inflammation." Media indicates it is the middle ear, as opposed to externa, involving the external auditory canal. Otosclerosis is an abnormal formation of bone within the ear. Otoscopy is a visual examination of the ear.

Page Ref: 490 Question Type: Diseases and Disorders of the Ears and Hearing Objective: 4 Taxonomy: Applying 15) Otosclerosis is hardening in the ear, typically between the: A) malleus and incus.

B) stapes and oval window.

C) tympanum.

D) cochlea.

Answer: B Explanation: The combining form ot/o means "ear"; the root scler, "hard"; and the suffix -osis, "condition of." Otosclerosis is an abnormal formation of bone within the ear that typically affects the ear between the stapes and the oval window.

Page Ref: 491 Question Type: Diseases and Disorders of the Ears and Hearing Objective: 3 Taxonomy: Applying

5

16) The process of using a handheld instrument to view and examine the ear is called: A) ophthalmoscopy.

B) ophthalmoscope.

C) otoscope.

D) otoscopy.

Answer: D Explanation: The combining form ot/o means "ear" and the suffix -scopy, "process of viewing."

This is not to be confused with the choices ending in the suffix -scope, which reference the tool/instrument utilized in the procedures. Ophthalm/o/scopy is eliminated, as the combining form means "eye."

Page Ref: 494 Question Type: Treatments, Procedures, and Devices of the Ears and Hearing Objective: 4 Taxonomy: Applying 17) A medical term for the sensation of dizziness is: A) vertigo.

B) otalgia.

C) seizure.

D) tinnitus.

Answer: A Explanation: Vertigo is derived from the Latin word vertigo with the same spelling, which means "dizziness." A seizure is a series of involuntary muscle spasms. Otalgia refers to earache.

Tinnitus is a ringing in the ear.

Page Ref: 488 Question Type: Signs and Symptoms of the Ears and Hearing Objective: 3 Taxonomy: Remembering 18) Select the root that means "eyelid."

A) Blephar/o B) Dacry/o C) Ocul/o D) Presby/o Answer: A Explanation: Blephar/o means "eyelid. " The meanings of the other combining forms are dacry/o, "tear"; ocul/o, "eye"; and presby/o, "old age."

Page Ref: 471 Question Type: Word Building Objective: 1 Taxonomy: Remembering

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19) The thin membrane of the eye that contains the photoreceptors is called the: A) cornea.

B) retina.

C) pupil.

D) iris.

Answer: B Explanation: The retina contains the photoreceptors. Information sent from the retina is transmitted via the optic nerve to the thalamus in the cerebral cortex for interpretation of sight.

The cornea is the transparent layer at the front of the eye. The pupil is the opening at the center of the eye. The iris is the pigmented muscle that provides the eye's color.

Page Ref: 473 Question Type: Anatomy and Physiology of the Eyes and Sight Objective: 2 Taxonomy: Remembering 20) Blepharitis is defined as: A) drooping of the eyelid.

B) an itchy tear duct.

C) inflammation of the eyelid.

D) tear duct obstruction.

Answer: C Explanation: The root blephar means "eyelid" and the suffix -itis means "inflammation." Note a combining form is not needed as the suffix begins with the vowel i. Drooping of the eyelid is blepharoptosis. No part of the term blepharitis refers to the tear duct, itchiness, or obstruction.

Page Ref: 474 Question Type: Signs and Symptoms of the Eyes and Sight Objective: 3 Taxonomy: Applying 21) The presence of stones or rocky particles in the tear-forming gland of the eye is known as: A) dacryocystitis.

B) rhinolithiasis.

C) blepharitis.

D) dacryolithiasis.

Answer: D Explanation: The combining form dacry/o means "tear," referring to the lacrimal gland; the root lith, "stone"; and the suffix -iasis, "condition of." Dacryocystitis is an infection of the lacrimal sac. Rhinolithiasis refers to the presence of calculi in the nasal cavity. Blepharitis is inflammation of the eyelid.

Page Ref: 477 Question Type: Diseases and Disorders of the Eyes and Sight Objective: 4 Taxonomy: Applying

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22) During visual examination of an elderly patient, the physician notes progressive deterioration of the macula lutea. He informs the patient she will eventually experience loss of visual focus.

The correct abbreviation for this condition is: A) AD. B) Ast. C) AMD. D) AU. Answer: C Explanation: AMD stands for age-related macular degeneration. AD stands for auris dexter, or right ear. Ast stands for astigmatism. AU stands for aures unitas, or both ears.

Page Ref: 479 Question Type: Abbreviations Objective: 5 Taxonomy: Evaluating 23) Select the combining form that means "cornea."

A) Blephar/o B) Kerat/o C) Cyst/o D) Opt/o Answer: B Explanation: Kerat/o means "cornea"; it also means "hard." The meanings of the other combining forms are blephar/o, "eyelid"; cyst/o, "bladder or sac"; and opt/o, "eye."

Page Ref: 471 Question Type: Word Building Objective: 1 Taxonomy: Remembering 24) The general term for diseases or conditions of the eye is: A) ophthalmopathy.

B) keratitis.

C) iritis.

D) ophthalmoplasty.

Answer: A Explanation: The combining form ophthalm/o means "eye" and the suffix -pathy, "disease." This is not to be confused with ophthalm/o/plasty, with the suffix -plasty meaning "surgical repair."

Ophthalmoplasty is a term for eye surgery. Keratitis is inflammation of the cornea. Iritis is inflammation of the iris.

Page Ref: 480 Question Type: Diseases and Disorders of the Eyes and Sight Objective: 4 Taxonomy: Applying

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25) Following a stroke, the patient is unable to move an eye because the extrinsic eye muscles are paralyzed, and the patient is unable to control movement of the eyeball. This condition is called: A) ophthalmopathy.

B) blepharoptosis.

C) blepharopathy.

D) ophthalmoplegia.

Answer: D Explanation: The combining form ophthalm/o means "eye" and the suffix -plegia, "paralysis."

Ophthalmopathy is a disease of the eye. Drooping of the eyelid is blepharoptosis. Blepharopathy would be a disease of the eyelid.

Page Ref: 480 Question Type: Diseases and Disorders of the Eyes and Sight Objective: 4 Taxonomy: Applying 26) A patient diagnosed with presbyopia is experiencing decreased vision due to: A) old age.

B) nearsightedness.

C) farsightedness.

D) macular degeneration.

Answer: A Explanation: The combining form presby/o means "old age." The other answer choices are not indicated by the combining form.

Page Ref: 481 Question Type: Diseases and Disorders of the Eyes and Sight Objective: 3 Taxonomy: Applying 27) The correct meaning of the suffix in the term ophthalmomalacia is: A) eye.

B) eyelid.

C) softening.

D) condition of.

Answer: C Explanation: The combining form ophthalm/o means "eye" and the suffix -malacia means "softening." Ocul/o- means "eye," blephar/o means "eyelid," and -ia means "condition of."

Page Ref: 480 Question Type: Word Building Objective: 3 Taxonomy: Applying

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28) The correct meaning of the root in the term myopia is: A) muscle.

B) to shut.

C) mucus.

D) spine.

Answer: B Explanation: You may recall from Chapter 6 that my/o is the combining form for "muscle." It is derived from the Greek word for "muscle," myos. However, in the word myopia, my is derived from the Greek word myein, which means "to shut." When followed by the suffix -opia, the term myopia translates into "condition of shut vision."

Page Ref: 481 Question Type: Word Building Objective: 3 Taxonomy: Applying 29) Select the suffix that means "one who measures."

A) -logist B) -metrist C) -logy D) -metry Answer: B Explanation: The suffix -metrist means "one who measures," not to be confused with -logist, "one who studies." The meanings of the other suffixes are -logy, "study of," and -metry, "process of measuring."

Page Ref: 483 Question Type: Word Building Objective: 1 Taxonomy: Remembering 30) When a donor cataract lens is not available for surgical replacement in a patient, the physician may utilize an artificial intraocular lens. The correct abbreviation for this type of implant is: A) AMD. B) OS. C) IOL. D) ENT. Answer: C Explanation: IOL stands for intraocular lens. AMD is age-related macular degeneration. OS means oculus sinister, or the left eye. ENT stands for ear, nose, and throat.

Page Ref: 484 Question Type: Abbreviations Objective: 5 Taxonomy: Evaluating

10

31) A(n) is a physician who specializes in the study and treatment of diseases associated with the eyes.

A) optometrist B) ophthalmologist C) neurologist D) vision therapist Answer: B Explanation: The combining form ophthalm/o means "eye" and the suffix -logist, "one who studies." This is not to be confused with an opt/o/metrist, who is a health professional (not a physician) trained to examine eyes to correct vision problems and eye disorders. Neurologists specialize in the nervous system. Vision therapists are not necessarily physicians.

Page Ref: 486 Question Type: Treatments, Procedures, and Devices of the Eyes and Sight Objective: 4 Taxonomy: Applying 32) A patient experiencing overly sensitive hearing would be diagnosed with: A) hyperotitis.

B) paracusis.

C) anacusis.

D) hyperacusis.

Answer: D Explanation: The prefix hyper- means "excessive, abnormally high, or above" and the suffix acusis means "hearing." Hyperotitis would be excessive ear inflammation. Paracusis is a symptom of partial hearing loss. Anacusis is a complete loss of hearing.

Page Ref: 487 Question Type: Signs and Symptoms of the Ears and Hearing Objective: 4 Taxonomy: Applying 33) The correct meaning of the combining form in the term otorrhagia is: A) ear.

B) eye.

C) discharge.

D) hemorrhage.

Answer: A Explanation: The combining form ot/o means "ear" and the suffix -rrhagia means "abnormal discharge." Ocul/o means "eye." Hemorrhage is bleeding.

Page Ref: 487 Question Type: Word Building Objective: 3 Taxonomy: Applying

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34) The medical term for "condition of absence of hearing" is: A) paracusis.

B) anotitis.

C) otitis.

D) anacusis.

Answer: D Explanation: The suffix an- means "without or absence of" and the suffix -acusis means "hearing." Paracusis is partial hearing loss. Anotitis is not a medical term. Otitis is ear inflammation.

Page Ref: 487 Question Type: Signs and Symptoms of the Ears and Hearing Objective: 4 Taxonomy: Applying 35) The correct meaning of the suffix in the term mastoiditis is: A) breast.

B) mastoid.

C) inflammation.

D) infection.

Answer: C Explanation: The term literally means "inflammation of the part resembling a breast." The word part construction of this term is mastoid/itis. The mastoid process is an area of the temporal bone of the skull housing the middle and internal ear. The suffix in the term is -itis, which means "inflammation."

Page Ref: 489 Question Type: Word Building Objective: 3 Taxonomy: Applying 36) A chronic disease of the inner ear with symptoms that include dizziness and a ringing in the ears is called: A) vertigo.

B) Ménière's disease.

C) tinnitus.

D) Parkinson's disease.

Answer: B Explanation: Vertigo or dizziness and tinnitus or ringing in the ears are both symptoms of Ménière's disease. Vertigo is dizziness. Tinnitus is ringing in the ear. Parkinson's disease is a neurodegenerative disease.

Page Ref: 489 Question Type: Diseases and Disorders of the Ears and Hearing Objective: 3 Taxonomy: Remembering

12

37) Choose the term with the correct spelling.

A) Otoitis B) Otalghia C) Otopathy D) Anancusis Answer: C Explanation: The term ot/o/pathy means "disease of the ear." The correct spelling of the other terms is an/acusis, ot/algia, and ot/itis. Note that in ot/itis, the root ot is used, as the combining vowel o is not needed to attach the suffix -itis, which begins with a vowel.

Page Ref: 490 Question Type: Spelling Objective: 5 Taxonomy: Evaluating 38) Select the combining form that means "hearing."

A) Ot/o B) Audi/o C) Myring/o D) Opt/o Answer: B Explanation: Audi/o means "hearing." The meanings of the other combining forms are ot/o, "ear"; myring/o, "eardrum"; and opt/o, "eye."

Page Ref: 492 Question Type: Word Building Objective: 1 Taxonomy: Remembering 39) A patient is experiencing difficulty hearing. She should visit this type of physician who specializes in hearing disorders and treatment.

A) Ophthamologist B) Audiologist C) Otologist D) Neurologist Answer: B Explanation: The combining form audi/o means "hearing" and the suffix -logist, "one who studies." This is not to be confused with ot/o/logist, who is specialized in ear disorders. An ophthamologist is a doctor who specializes in treating the eye. A neurologist specializes in treating the nervous system.

Page Ref: 492 Question Type: Treatments, Procedures, and Devices of the Ears and Hearing Objective: 4 Taxonomy: Applying

13

40) The correct meaning of the combining form in the term myringoplasty is: A) eardrum.

B) muscle.

C) labyrinth.

D) surgical repair.

Answer: A Explanation: The root myring/o means "eardrum," and the suffix -plasty means "surgical repair."

My/o means muscle and labyrinth/o means labyrinth.

Page Ref: 494 Question Type: Treatments, Procedures, and Devices of the Ears and Hearing Objective: 3 Taxonomy: Applying 41) A procedure that evaluates the elasticity of the eardrum by measuring its movement is called: A) audiometry.

B) mastoid.

C) inflammation.

D) tympanometry.

Answer: D Explanation: The root tympan means "eardrum," referring to the tympanic membrane, and the suffix -metry means "process of measuring." This is not to be confused with audi/o/metry, which measures hearing. Inflammation is swelling. The mastoid process is an area of the temporal bone of the skull housing the middle and internal ear.

Page Ref: 495 Question Type: Treatments, Procedures, and Devices of the Ears and Hearing Objective: 4 Taxonomy: Applying 42) During a labyrinthectomy, the inner ear is: A) removed.

B) repaired.

C) measured.

D) examined.

Answer: A Explanation: The suffix -ectomy means "surgical removal." The suffix meaning "repair" is plasty, "process of examining" is -scopy, and "measure" is -metry.

Page Ref: 493 Question Type: Treatments, Procedures, and Devices of the Ears and Hearing Objective: 3 Taxonomy: Applying 43) Combining forms that mean "eye" are ocul/o, ophthalm/o, or Answer: opt/o, opto Page Ref: 471 Question Type: Anatomy and Physiology of the Eyes and Sight Objective: 1 Taxonomy: Remembering 14

.

44) The suffix that means "condition of vision" is .

Answer: -opia, opia Page Ref: 473 Question Type: Signs and Symptoms of the Eyes and Sight Objective: 1 Taxonomy: Remembering 45) The medical term for farsightedness is .

Answer: hyperopia Page Ref: 481 Question Type: Diseases and Disorders of the Eyes and Sight Objective: 4 Taxonomy: Evaluating 46) The medical word for nearsightedness is .

Answer: myopia Page Ref: 481 Question Type: Diseases and Disorders of the Eyes and Sight Objective: 4 Taxonomy: Evaluating 47) Ringing in the ears is medically called .

Answer: tinnitus Page Ref: 488 Question Type: Signs and Symptoms of the Ears and Hearing Objective: 3 Taxonomy: Remembering 48) The instrument used to view/examine the ear is called a(n) .

Answer: otoscope Page Ref: 494 Question Type: Treatments, Procedures, and Devices of the Ears and Hearing Objective: 4 Taxonomy: Evaluating 49) The correct abbreviation for laser-assisted in situ keratomileusis is Answer: LASIK Page Ref: 496 Question Type: Treatments, Procedures, and Devices of the Eyes and Sight Objective: 5 Taxonomy: Remembering

15

.

Provide the term based on the brief definition.

50) Surgical repair of the eyelid Answer: blepharoplasty Page Ref: 474 Question Type: Treatments, Procedures, and Devices of the Eyes and Sight Objective: 4 Taxonomy: Evaluating 51) Disease of the retina Answer: retinopathy Page Ref: 480 Question Type: Diseases and Disorders of the Eyes and Sight Objective: 4 Taxonomy: Evaluating 52) Specialist in measuring the eye for corrective lenses (not a physician) Answer: optometrist Page Ref: 486 Question Type: Treatments, Procedures, and Devices of the Eyes and Sight Objective: 4 Taxonomy: Evaluating 53) Abnormal drainage of pus from the ear Answer: otorrhea Page Ref: 487 Question Type: Signs and Symptoms of the Ears and Hearing Objective: 4 Taxonomy: Evaluating 54) Macular degeneration is deterioration of cells in the area of sharpest vision.

Answer: TRUE Page Ref: 479 Question Type: Diseases and Disorders of the Eyes and Sight Objective: 3 Taxonomy: Remembering 55) The medical term for nearsightedness is emmetropia.

Answer: FALSE Explanation: Myopia is nearsightedness. Emmetropia is the normal condition of the eye.

Page Ref: 481 Question Type: Diseases and Disorders of the Eyes and Sight Objective: 3 Taxonomy: Applying

16

56) OM is the abbreviation for ophthalmologist.

Answer: FALSE Explanation: OM stands for otitis media, an infection of the middle ear.

Page Ref: 496 Question Type: Diseases and Disorders of the Ears and Hearing Objective: 5 Taxonomy: Remembering 57) The general term for an abnormal formation of bone within the ear is otitis.

Answer: FALSE Explanation: Otitis is inflammation of the ear. The root ot means "ear" and the suffix -itis means "inflammation."

Page Ref: 490 Question Type: Diseases and Disorders of the Ears and Hearing Objective: 3 Taxonomy: Applying 58) During a radial keratotomy, the physician makes an incision into the cornea to correct for myopia.

Answer: TRUE Page Ref: 486 Question Type: Treatments, Procedures, and Devices of the Eyes and Sight Objective: 3 Taxonomy: Applying 59) An optometrist is a physician who can perform surgical procedures to treat diseases of the eye.

Answer: FALSE Explanation: An optometrist is a health professional, not a physician, trained to examine eyes to correct vision problems and eye disorders through the use of corrective lenses or contact lenses.

An ophthalmologist is a physician who specializes in the study and treatment of diseases associated with the eyes.

Page Ref: 486 Question Type: Treatments, Procedures, and Devices of the Eyes and Sight Objective: 3 Taxonomy: Remembering 60) The combining forms opt/o, ophthalm/o, and ocul/o all mean "eye."

Answer: TRUE Page Ref: 471 Question Type: Word Building Objective: 1 Taxonomy: Remembering

17

61) Otitis is a bacterial infection of the anterior eye membrane causing inflammation, itchy and watery eyes, and a crusty exudate.

Answer: FALSE Explanation: Conjunctivitis is the condition described. The root ot in otitis means "ear" and the suffix -itis means "inflammation."

Page Ref: 477 Question Type: Diseases and Disorders of the Eyes and Sight Objective: 3 Taxonomy: Applying 62) Tinnitus is a nonconstructed term meaning "dizziness."

Answer: FALSE Explanation: Tinnitus, which is a ringing or buzzing sensation in the ears, is derived from Latin tinnio, meaning "jingling sound."

Page Ref: 488 Question Type: Signs and Symptoms of the Ears and Hearing Objective: 3 Taxonomy: Remembering 63) Diplopia means "double vision."

Answer: TRUE Page Ref: 478 Question Type: Diseases and Disorders of the Eyes and Sight Objective: 3 Taxonomy: Applying 64) The medical term for abnormal discharge from the ear is otorrhagia.

Answer: TRUE Page Ref: 487 Question Type: Signs and Symptoms of the Ears and Hearing Objective: 3 Taxonomy: Applying 65) To diagnose the patient's condition, the doctor must perform a test where he examines the ear canal and eardrum. The instrument he will utilize to perform the examination is called an otoscopy.

Answer: FALSE Explanation: The procedure is called an ot/o/scopy, but the instrument is an ot/o/scope, indicated by the suffix -scope for "instrument."

Page Ref: 494 Question Type: Treatments, Procedures, and Devices of the Ears and Hearing Objective: 3 Taxonomy: Applying

18

66) ENT stands for ear, neck, and throat.

Answer: FALSE Explanation: ENT stands for ear, nose, and throat.

Page Ref: 496 Question Type: Abbreviations of the Eyes and Ears Objective: 5 Taxonomy: Remembering 67) Diseases of the ear may affect the functions of hearing or equilibrium or, in some cases, both.

Answer: TRUE Page Ref: 473 Question Type: Medical Terms for the Special Senses Objective: 3 Taxonomy: Remembering 68) In the condition known as cataract, transparency of the lens is reduced.

Answer: TRUE Page Ref: 476 Question Type: Diseases and Disorders of the Eyes and Sight Objective: 3 Taxonomy: Remembering 69) The condition of double vision is called diplopia.

Answer: TRUE Page Ref: 478 Question Type: Diseases and Disorders of the Eyes and Sight Objective: 3 Taxonomy: Applying 70) In the disease of the eye known as glaucoma, a loss of vision occurs when the fluid pressure within the anterior chamber of the eyeball (called intraocular pressure) rises above normal.

Answer: TRUE Page Ref: 478 Question Type: Diseases and Disorders of the Eyes and Sight Objective: 3 Taxonomy: Remembering 71) The special sense of hearing, or audition, is centered within the cornea, which contains sensory receptors that respond to mechanical vibrations.

Answer: FALSE Explanation: The special sense of hearing, or audition, is centered within the ears, which contain sensory receptors that respond to mechanical vibrations.

Page Ref: 471 Question Type: Anatomy and Physiology Objective: 1 Taxonomy: Remembering 19

72) The combining form asthen/o means "weakness."

Answer: TRUE Page Ref: 473 Question Type: Word Building Objective: 1 Taxonomy: Remembering 73) The two word parts that form the term retinopathy can be written as retino/pathy.

Answer: FALSE Explanation: The three word parts that form the term retinopathy can be written as retin/o/pathy.

Page Ref: 480 Question Type: Word Building Objective: 1 Taxonomy: Applying

20

Match the combining form with the correct definition.

A) old age B) middle C) eardrum D) weakness E) eye F) ear G) eyelid H) inner ear I) tear J) hearing 74) asthen/o 75) audi/o 76) blephar/o 77) dacry/o 78) labyrinth/o 79) med/o 80) opt/o 81) ot/o 82) presby/o 83) tympan/o Answers: 74) D 75) J 76) G 77) I 78) H 79) B 80) E 81) F 82) A 83) C

21

Medical Terminology Complete! 4e (Wingerd) Chapter 15 The Endocrine System 1) Select the combining form that means "gland."

A) Acid/o B) Aden/o C) Glyc/o D) Carcin/o Answer: B Explanation: Aden/o means gland. The meanings of the other combining forms are acid/o, "a solution or substance with a pH less than 7"; glyc/o, "sweet or sugar"; and carcin/o, "cancer."

Page Ref: 504 Question Type: Word Building Objective: 1 Taxonomy: Remembering 2) This gland is located in the head.

A) Pancreas B) Thyroid C) Adrenal D) Pituitary Answer: D Explanation: The pituitary gland is attached to the hypothalamus at the base of the brain, and is found in the head. The pancreas and adrenal glands are in the abdominal cavity. The thyroid is in the neck.

Page Ref: 505 Question Type: Anatomy and Physiology of the Endocrine System Objective: 2 Taxonomy: Remembering 3) This gland is located on top of the kidney.

A) Adrenal B) Pituitary C) Thyroid D) Pancreas Answer: A Explanation: The adrenal glands are located on top of each kidney. The pancreas sits in the abdominal cavity. The thyroid is in the neck and the pituitary is in the head.

Page Ref: 505 Question Type: Anatomy and Physiology of the Endocrine System Objective: 2 Taxonomy: Remembering

1

4) The prefix ex- means: A) outside.

B) together.

C) within.

D) excessive.

Answer: A Explanation: The prefix ex- means outside. The prefix for "together" is con-; endo-, "within"; and poly-, "excessive or many."

Page Ref: 506 Question Type: Word Building Objective: 1 Taxonomy: Remembering 5) The suffix that means "condition of" is: A) -oid.

B) -plasia.

C) -emia.

D) -osis.

Answer: D Explanation: The suffix that means "condition of" is -osis. The suffix -oid means "resembling"; plasia, "growth"; and -emia, "condition of blood."

Page Ref: 506 Question Type: Word Building Objective: 1 Taxonomy: Remembering 6) Hypersecretion of growth hormone in an adult results in which disorder?

A) Cretinism B) Giantism C) Myxedema D) Acromegaly Answer: D Explanation: The prefix hyper- means "excessive, abnormally high, or above." When growth hormone levels are increased, the individual develops enlargement (-megaly) of the bones, including the extremities (acr/o). Cretinism is an outdated term for congenital hypothyroidism.

Giantism is not a medical term. Myxedema is the chronic form of hypothyroidism.

Page Ref: 507 Question Type: Signs and Symptoms of the Endocrine System Objective: 3 Taxonomy: Evaluating

2

7) The medical term for abnormal protrusion of the eyeballs is: A) hirsutism.

B) acromegaly.

C) goiter.

D) exophthalmos.

Answer: D Explanation: The prefix ex- means "outside or away from"; the combining form ophthalm/o, "eye"; and the suffix -s makes the term plural. Hirsutism is excessive body hair growth.

Acromegaly is enlargement of bone structure. A goiter is an abnormal enlargement of the thyroid gland.

Page Ref: 507 Question Type: Signs and Symptoms of the Endocrine System Objective: 4 Taxonomy: Applying 8) Hirsutism in women is caused by: A) hypersecretion of prolactin by the pituitary gland.

B) hyposecretion of growth hormone.

C) hyposecretion of the thyroid gland.

D) hypersecretion of androgens by the adrenal cortex.

Answer: D Explanation: The root hirsut means "hairy" and the suffix -ism means "condition or disease."

Hairy indicates that the amount is in excess of normal, so the answer must include hypersecretion. Androgens regulate hair growth. Prolactin regulates milk production. Growth hormone promotes cellular growth. The thyroid gland does not influence hair growth.

Page Ref: 508 Question Type: Signs and Symptoms of the Endocrine System Objective: 3 Taxonomy: Evaluating 9) Which of the following terms is spelled correctly?

A) Hersuitism B) Hersootism C) Hirsootism D) Hirsutism Answer: D Explanation: Hirsutism is the correct spelling. The term is pronounced "HER soot izm." The root hirsut means "hairy" and the suffix -ism, "condition or disease."

Page Ref: 508 Question Type: Spelling Objective: 5 Taxonomy: Evaluating

3

10) Select the term with the correct spelling.

A) Goitur B) Goytur C) Goyter D) Goiter Answer: D Explanation: Goiter is the correct spelling. The term is pronounced "GOY ter."

Page Ref: 508 Question Type: Spelling Objective: 5 Taxonomy: Evaluating 11) The term goiter means: A) abnormal protrusion of the eyeballs.

B) abnormally small stature.

C) abnormal enlargement of the thyroid gland, forming a lump in the neck.

D) excessive hair growth.

Answer: C Explanation: Goiter is abnormal enlargement of the thyroid gland, forming a lump in the neck. If the term is not memorized, knowledge of word parts can assist in eliminating some choices. The other terms would need to have the following word parts in them: "eye," ophthalm/o; "small stature," dwarf; and "hair," hirsut.

Page Ref: 508 Question Type: Signs and Symptoms of the Endocrine System Objective: 3 Taxonomy: Remembering 12) The term hirsutism means: A) abnormal enlargement of the thyroid gland, forming a lump in the neck.

B) abnormally tall stature.

C) abnormal protrusion of the eyeballs.

D) excessive body hair growth.

Answer: D Explanation: The root hirsut means "hairy" and the suffix -ism, "condition or disease." A goiter is an abnormal enlargement of the thyroid gland, forming a lump in the neck. Pituitary gigantism produces an abnormally tall stature. Hyperthyroidism causes an abnormal protrusion of the eyeballs.

Page Ref: 508 Question Type: Signs and Symptoms of the Endocrine System Objective: 3 Taxonomy: Applying

4

13) Select the medical term for excessive thirst.

A) Acidosis B) Hirsutism C) Polyuria D) Polydipsia Answer: D Explanation: The prefix poly- means "excessive, over, or many." The root dips means "thirst" and the suffix -ia, "condition of." Acidosis is excess acid in the body; hirsutism is excessive body hair growth; and polyuria is excessive urination.

Page Ref: 508 Question Type: Signs and Symptoms of the Endocrine System Objective: 4 Taxonomy: Applying 14) The medical term for inflammation of the adrenal gland is: A) adrenalitis.

B) adenitis.

C) adenoplasia.

D) adenopathy.

Answer: A Explanation: The root adren/o means "adrenal gland" and the suffix -itis means "inflammation."

The root aden/o means "gland." The suffix -plasia means "formation" or "growth" and -pathy means "disease."

Page Ref: 510 Question Type: Diseases and Disorders of the Endocrine System Objective: 4 Taxonomy: Applying 15) Choose the correct term for a cancerous (malignant) tumor with a glandlike pattern of cells.

A) Adenitis B) Diabetes mellitus C) Hypogonadism D) Adenocarcinoma Answer: D Explanation: The combining form aden/o means "gland"; the root carcin, "cancer"; and the suffix -oma, "tumor." Adenitis is inflammation of a gland. Diabetes mellitus is a metabolic disease. Hypogonadism is a disorder of the pituitary gland.

Page Ref: 510 Question Type: Diseases and Disorders of the Endocrine System Objective: 4 Taxonomy: Applying

5

16) The correct meaning of the root in the term hyperglycemia is: A) deficient.

B) sugar.

C) blood condition.

D) excessive.

Answer: B Explanation: The root is glyc, meaning "sugar." The prefix hyper- is at the beginning and the suffix -emia is at the end. Hypo- means "deficient," -emia means "blood condition," and hypermeans "excessive."

Page Ref: 510 Question Type: Word Building Objective: 3 Taxonomy: Applying 17) The correct meaning of the prefix in the term hypothyroidism is: A) thyroid gland.

B) condition.

C) deficient.

D) excessive.

Answer: C Explanation: The prefix is hypo-, "meaning deficient." The root is thyroid and the suffix is -ism.

Hyper- means "excessive."

Page Ref: 510 Question Type: Word Building Objective: 3 Taxonomy: Applying 18) Congenital hypothyroidism in children that results in reduced mental development and dwarflike physical stature was formerly known as: A) acromegaly.

B) myxedema.

C) hirsutism.

D) cretinism.

Answer: D Explanation: Congenital hypothyroidism in children that results in reduced mental development and dwarflike physical stature was formerly known as cretinism. If the term is not memorized, deconstructing portions of the other answers eliminates them: -megaly, "abnormally large"; myx, "mucus"; and hirsut, "hair."

Page Ref: 511 Question Type: Diseases and Disorders of the Endocrine System Objective: 3 Taxonomy: Remembering

6

19) Diabetes insipidus is caused by: A) undersecretion of thyroid hormones.

B) oversecretion of adrenal hormones.

C) undersecretion of ADH. D) oversecretion of insulin.

Answer: C Explanation: In diabetes insipidus, hyposecretion of ADH by the pituitary causes polydipsia and polyuria. Thyroid hormones, adrenal hormones, and insulin do not impact diabetes insipidus.

Page Ref: 512 Question Type: Diseases and Disorders of the Endocrine System Objective: 3 Taxonomy: Remembering 20) Select the term with the correct spelling.

A) Dyabeetes B) Diabetes C) Diahbetes D) Dyabetes Answer: B Explanation: Diabetes is the correct spelling. The term is pronounced "DYE ah BEE teez."

Page Ref: 512 Question Type: Spelling Objective: 5 Taxonomy: Evaluating 21) Cushing syndrome develops because of abnormal amounts of cortisol hormone from this gland.

A) Adrenal B) Thyroid C) Testis D) Pancreas Answer: A Explanation: The hypersecretion of adrenal hormones in Cushing syndrome leads to obesity, moon face, hyperglycemia, and muscle weakness. The thyroid gland, testis, and pancreas do not impact Cushing syndrome.

Page Ref: 511 Question Type: Diseases and Disorders of the Endocrine System Objective: 3 Taxonomy: Remembering

7

22) A new patient comes to your clinic, and you are taking his medical history. He reports, "I take insulin shots for that disease that gives you high blood sugars." The correct medical term for this disease is: A) Cushing syndrome.

B) Graves' disease.

C) diabetes insipidus.

D) diabetes mellitus.

Answer: D Explanation: With diabetes mellitus, the body cells are resistant to or the pancreas does not produce insulin. Subsequently, the body is unable to utilize glucose (sugar) for cell function, and the glucose accumulates in the blood. Symptoms of Cushing syndrome are obesity, moon face, hyperglycemia, and muscle weakness. Graves' disease is an autoimmune disease and form of hyperthyroidism. Diabetes insipidus is caused by undersecretion of ADH. Page Ref: 512 Question Type: Diseases and Disorders of the Endocrine System Objective: 3 Taxonomy: Remembering 23) Which of the following is not a possible complication of diabetes mellitus?

A) Cerebrovascular disease B) Diabetes insipidus C) Diabetic nephropathy D) Diabetic retinopathy Answer: B Explanation: Diabetes insipidus is caused by undersecretion of ADH and is not associated with diabetes mellitus. Fluctuation in blood sugar levels with diabetes mellitus results in circulatory deficiencies that lead to cerebrovascular disease and damage to the kidney (nephr/o) and eyes (retin/o).

Page Ref: 512 Question Type: Diseases and Disorders of the Endocrine System Objective: 3 Taxonomy: Remembering 24) Hypoadrenalism is also known as: A) dwarfism.

B) Addison's disease.

C) Cushing syndrome.

D) Graves' disease.

Answer: B Explanation: Hypoadrenalism is also known as Addison's disease. The prefix hypo- means "deficiency or low," and the root indicates involvement of the adrenal gland, which regulates cortisol. Dwarfism, Cushing syndrome, and Graves' disease r refer to other endocrine conditions.

Page Ref: 514 Question Type: Diseases and Disorders of the Endocrine System Objective: 3 Taxonomy: Remembering 8

25) The lab test showed that the patient's calcium levels were low. This patient has: A) hyperthyroidism.

B) hypokalemia.

C) hyperglycemia.

D) hypocalcemia.

Answer: D Explanation: The prefix hypo- means "deficient, abnormally low, or below." The root calc means "calcium" and the suffix -emia, "condition of blood." This is not to be confused with the root kal for "potassium," indicated by its periodic table elemental sign. Hyperthyroidism is excessive secretion by the thyroid gland. Hyperglycemia indicates abnormally high glucose levels.

Page Ref: 514 Question Type: Diseases and Disorders of the Endocrine System Objective: 4 Taxonomy: Applying 26) The correct medical term for high blood sugar is: A) hyperglycemia.

B) hypoglycemia.

C) hypothyroidism.

D) hyperthyroidism.

Answer: A Explanation: The prefix hyper- means "excessive, above, or abnormally high." The root glyc means "sugar" and the suffix -emia, "condition of blood." This is not to be confused with terms beginning with hypo-, indicating deficiency. Hyperthyroidism is excessive activity of the thyroid gland.

Page Ref: 515 Question Type: Diseases and Disorders of the Endocrine System Objective: 4 Taxonomy: Applying 27) The correct medical term for low blood sugar is: A) hyperglycemia.

B) hypoglycemia.

C) hyperthyroidism.

D) hypothyroidism.

Answer: B Explanation: The prefix hypo- means "deficient, abnormally low, or below." The root glyc means "sugar" and the suffix -emia, "condition of blood." This is not to be confused with terms beginning hyper-, meaning "excessive, above, or abnormally high." Hypothyroidism is deficient activity of the thyroid gland.

Page Ref: 515 Question Type: Diseases and Disorders of the Endocrine System Objective: 4 Taxonomy: Applying

9

28) The correct medical term for deficient activity of the adrenal glands is: A) hypogonadism.

B) hypothyroidism.

C) hypoparathyroidism.

D) hypoadrenalism.

Answer: D Explanation: The prefix hypo- means "deficient"; the root adren, "adrenal gland"; the suffix -al, "pertaining to"; and the suffix -ism, "condition or disease." Hypogonadism affects the sex organs.

Hypothyroidism affects the thyroid gland. Hypoparathyroidism affects the parathyroid glands.

Page Ref: 514 Question Type: Diseases and Disorders of the Endocrine System Objective: 4 Taxonomy: Applying 29) The medical term for enlargement of the adrenal glands is: A) acromegaly.

B) adrenalitis.

C) goiter.

D) adrenomegaly.

Answer: D Explanation: The combining form adren/o means "adrenal gland." The suffix -megaly means "abnormally large." Acromegaly involves enlargement of the bone structure. Adrenalitis is inflammation of the adrenal gland. A goiter is an enlarged thyroid gland.

Page Ref: 510 Question Type: Diseases and Disorders of the Endocrine System Objective: 4 Taxonomy: Applying 30) Which medical term is spelled correctly?

A) Calcipoenia B) Thyrotoxicosis C) Adrenelectomy D) Pancriatitis Answer: B Explanation: Thyrotoxicosis is spelled correctly. Pronounce each term, then determine the correct spelling by constructing the term: thyr/o/tox/ic/osis. The other spellings of the constructed terms are calci/penia (no o), adren/al/ectomy, and pancreat/itis.

Page Ref: 515 Question Type: Spelling Objective: 5 Taxonomy: Evaluating

10

31) A condition resulting from excessive thyroid hormone levels is known as: A) hyperthyroidism.

B) hyperinsulinism.

C) acidosis.

D) myxedema.

Answer: A Explanation: The prefix hyper- means "excessive, above, or abnormally high." The root is thyroid and the suffix -ism, which means "condition or disease." Hyperinsulinism refers to a raised level of insulin production. Acidosis is a symptom of diabetes mellitus. Myxedema is due to hypothyroidism resulting in slow heart rate, dry skin, low energy, and weight gain.

Page Ref: 515 Question Type: Diseases and Disorders of the Endocrine System Objective: 4 Taxonomy: Applying 32) The correct medical term for excess acid in the body is: A) acidosis.

B) endocrinopathy.

C) hyperadrenalism.

D) hyperthyroidism.

Answer: A Explanation: The combining form acid/o means "acid" and the suffix -osis means "condition of." Endocrinopathy is the general term for a disease of the endocrine system. Hyperadrenalism is excessive secretion by the adrenal gland. Hyperthyroidism is excessive secretion by the thyroid gland.

Page Ref: 507 Question Type: Diseases and Disorders of the Endocrine System Objective: 4 Taxonomy: Applying 33) Graves' disease is caused by abnormalities in which gland?

A) Thyroid B) Pancreas C) Testis D) Ovary E) Adrenal Answer: A Explanation: Graves' disease is a form of chronic hyperthyroidism. Abnormalities in testes, ovaries, and adrenal glands are not involved in Graves' disease.

Page Ref: 515 Question Type: Diseases and Disorders of the Endocrine System Objective: 3 Taxonomy: Remembering

11

34) When there are low blood levels of FSH and LH, what disorder is present?

A) Hypogonadism B) Hypercalcemia C) Hypoparathyroidism D) Hyperthyroidism Answer: A Explanation: FSH is follicle-stimulating hormone and LH is luteinizing hormone, both sex hormones secreted by the pituitary gland to stimulate the gonads. The root gonad means "sex gland." The prefix hypo- means "abnormally low," and the suffix -ism means "condition or disease." Hypercalcemia is a condition of excessive calcium in the blood. Hypoparathyroidism is a condition of low thyroid PTH production. Hyperthyroidism is characterized by abnormally high levels of thyroid hormone.

Page Ref: 517 Question Type: Diseases and Disorders of the Endocrine System Objective: 4 Taxonomy: Applying 35) Abnormally high production of growth hormone can result in a condition called: A) gigantism.

B) goiter.

C) hyperparathyroidism.

D) dwarfism.

Answer: A Explanation: If the term is not memorized, reason out the information provided. Excessive growth hormone will cause enlargement of the bones. In layman's terms this could be called gigantic. The suffix -ism means "condition or disease." A goiter is a symptom of thyroid disease.

Hyperparathyroidism is a condition of excessive thyroid PTH production. Dwarfism results from a low production of growth hormone.

Page Ref: 518 Question Type: Diseases and Disorders of the Endocrine System Objective: 3 Taxonomy: Remembering 36) A deficiency in the hormones that control reproductive capacity is called: A) hypothyroidism.

B) hypogonadism.

C) hypoparathyroidism.

D) hypoadrenalism.

Answer: B Explanation: Reproduction is a function of the sex organs, indicated by the root gonad. The prefix hypo- means "deficient" and the suffix -ism means "condition or disease." Hypothyroidism is a condition of reduced thyroid hormone production. Hypoparathyroidism is a condition of low thyroid PTH production. Hypoadrenalism is a condition of reduced adrenal production.

Page Ref: 517 Question Type: Diseases and Disorders of the Endocrine System Objective: 4 Taxonomy: Applying 12

37) A postprandial blood sugar is taken: A) after a meal.

B) before radioactive iodine is administered.

C) before a meal.

D) after radioactive iodine is administered.

Answer: A Explanation: Post/prandial means "after a meal." Two answers can be eliminated, as the prefix pre- means "before." Radioactive iodine is not used in a postprandial blood sugar exam.

Page Ref: 521 Question Type: Treatments, Procedures, and Devices of the Endocrine System Objective: 3 Taxonomy: Applying 38) As part of her standard pregnancy care, a young pregnant woman is given a test where she is administered glucose and then has her blood sugars checked at intervals afterward. The correct medical term for this test is: A) thyroid scan.

B) glucose tolerance test.

C) postprandial blood sugar.

D) fasting blood sugar.

Answer: B Explanation: If the term is not memorized, analysis of the answers can eliminate some of them.

The thyroid does not relate to the test. Fasting means "not eating" and postprandial means "after eating." The glucose in the question is "administered," meaning not consumed as part of a meal.

Page Ref: 522 Question Type: Treatments, Procedures, and Devices of the Endocrine System Objective: 3 Taxonomy: Remembering 39) Parathyroidectomy is removal or excision of: A) the thyroid gland.

B) the pineal gland.

C) one or more parathyroid glands.

D) the thymus gland.

Answer: C Explanation: The prefix para- means "alongside"; the root is thyroid; and the suffix -ectomy, "surgical excision or removal." The word does not contain references to the pineal or thymus glands, and removal or excision of the thyroid would be called thyroidectomy.

Page Ref: 522 Question Type: Treatments, Procedures, and Devices of the Endocrine System Objective: 4 Taxonomy: Applying

13

40) The use of radioactive iodine to treat a disease of the thyroid gland, such as a thyroid tumor, is: A) radioiodine therapy.

B) thyroxine test.

C) radioactive iodine uptake.

D) hormone replacement therapy.

Answer: A Explanation: Therapy indicates treatment. Radi/o/iodine indicates radioactive iodine. A thyroxine test measures thyroxine levels in the blood. Radioactive iodine uptake measures the amount of iodine taken into thyroid cells. Hormone replacement therapy corrects disrupted ovarian and menstrual cycles.

Page Ref: 522 Question Type: Treatments, Procedures, and Devices of the Endocrine System Objective: 4 Taxonomy: Applying 41) A patient needs a test that assesses thyroid function by determining the amount of iodine taken into the thyroid cells. The correct abbreviation for this test is: A) GTT. B) FBS. C) PPBS. D) RAIU. Answer: D Explanation: RAIU stands for radioactive iodine uptake. As the cells function, they absorb the iodine, which is measured during testing. GTT stands for glucose tolerance test. FBS stands for fasting blood sugar. PPBS stands for postprandial blood sugar.

Page Ref: 522 Question Type: Abbreviations Objective: 3 Taxonomy: Evaluating 42) The medical term for a thyroid tumor is: A) thyroidoma.

B) adrenomegaly.

C) thyroidectomy.

D) thyroidotomy.

Answer: A Explanation: The root is thyroid and the suffix -oma, meaning "tumor." Adrenomegaly is another name for adrenal hyperplasia. Thyroidectomy is surgical removal of part or all of the thyroid gland. Thyroidotomy is an incision into the thyroid gland.

Page Ref: 523 Question Type: Treatments, Procedures, and Devices of the Endocrine System Objective: 4 Taxonomy: Applying

14

43) The correct medical term for surgical removal of the parathyroid gland is: A) parathyroidoma.

B) thyroidotomy.

C) parathyroidectomy.

D) thyroid scan.

Answer: C Explanation: The root is parathyroid and the suffix -ectomy means "surgical excision or removal." Parathyroidoma is cancer of a parathyroid gland. Thyroidotomy is an incision into the thyroid gland. A thyroid scan is not a surgical procedure.

Page Ref: 522 Question Type: Treatments, Procedures, and Devices of the Endocrine System Objective: 4 Taxonomy: Applying 44) A patient recently had his thyroid gland removed. The medical term for this procedure is: A) thyroid scan.

B) thyroiditis.

C) thyroxine test.

D) thyroidectomy.

Answer: D Explanation: The root is thyroid and the suffix -ectomy means "surgical removal or excision." A thyroid scan is an imaging technique. Thyroiditis is inflammation of the thyroid gland. A thyroxine test measures thyroxine levels in the blood.

Page Ref: 523 Question Type: Treatments, Procedures, and Devices of the Endocrine System Objective: 4 Taxonomy: Applying 45) The combining form crin/o means "to Answer: secrete Page Ref: 504 Question Type: Word Building Objective: 1 Taxonomy: Remembering

."

46) The combining form hirsut/o means " Answer: hairy Page Ref: 506 Question Type: Word Building Objective: 1 Taxonomy: Remembering

."

15

47) The suffix -megaly means "abnormally Answer: large Page Ref: 506 Question Type: Word Building Objective: 1 Taxonomy: Remembering

."

48) A specialist in the endocrine system is called a(n) .

Answer: endocrinologist Page Ref: 520 Question Type: Treatments, Procedures, and Devices of the Endocrine System Objective: 4 Taxonomy: Evaluating 49) An excessive amount of ketone bodies in the blood and urine is called ketoacidosis or .

Answer: ketosis Page Ref: 508 Question Type: Signs and Symptoms of the Endocrine System Objective: 4 Taxonomy: Evaluating 50) A doctor is performing a physical exam. During this exam, she notices that her patient's eyes are bulging forward. The medical term for abnormal protrusion of the eyeballs is .

Answer: exophthalmos Page Ref: 507 Question Type: Signs and Symptoms of the Endocrine System Objective: 4 Taxonomy: Evaluating 51) A doctor is performing a physical exam. When he examines the patient's hands and face, he notices the patient has a very prominent forehead, a wide face, and extremely thick fingers. The medical term for enlargement of the bone structure, especially of the hands and face, is .

Answer: acromegaly Page Ref: 507 Question Type: Signs and Symptoms of the Endocrine System Objective: 4 Taxonomy: Evaluating 52) A patient repeatedly complains of being very thirsty. This is called Answer: polydipsia Page Ref: 508 Question Type: Signs and Symptoms of the Endocrine System Objective: 4 Taxonomy: Evaluating 16

.

53) The combining form dips/o means " Answer: thirst Page Ref: 506 Question Type: Word Building Objective: 1 Taxonomy: Remembering

."

54) A(n) is an abnormal enlargement of the thyroid, forming a lump in the neck.

Answer: goiter Page Ref: 508 Question Type: Signs and Symptoms of the Endocrine System Objective: 3 Taxonomy: Remembering 55) The medical term for excessive body hair is .

Answer: hirsutism Page Ref: 508 Question Type: Signs and Symptoms of the Endocrine System Objective: 4 Taxonomy: Evaluating 56) The medical term for production of excessive urine is Answer: polyuria Page Ref: 509 Question Type: Signs and Symptoms of the Endocrine System Objective: 4 Taxonomy: Evaluating 57) The term that means "disease of the endocrine system" is Answer: endocrinopathy Page Ref: 514 Question Type: Diseases and Disorders of the Endocrine System Objective: 4 Taxonomy: Evaluating

.

.

58) A disorder caused by hyposecretion of ADH (antidiuretic hormone), which results in polydipsia and polyuria, is . (two words) Answer: diabetes insipidus Page Ref: 512 Question Type: Diseases and Disorders of the Endocrine System Objective: 3 Taxonomy: Remembering

17

59) syndrome is caused by excessive secretion of hormones from the adrenal cortex.

Answer: Cushing, Cushing's, Cushings Page Ref: 511 Question Type: Diseases and Disorders of the Endocrine System Objective: 3 Taxonomy: Remembering 60) When the pancreas does not produce any insulin or is resistant to insulin, the disorder is called . (two words) Answer: diabetes mellitus Page Ref: 512 Question Type: Diseases and Disorders of the Endocrine System Objective: 3 Taxonomy: Remembering 61) Congenital hypothyroidism was formerly known as .

Answer: cretinism Page Ref: 511 Question Type: Diseases and Disorders of the Endocrine System Objective: 3 Taxonomy: Evaluating 62) The medical term for abnormally high sugar levels in the blood is Answer: hyperglycemia Page Ref: 515 Question Type: Diseases and Disorders of the Endocrine System Objective: 4 Taxonomy: Evaluating

.

63) The medical term for low blood sugar is .

Answer: hypoglycemia Page Ref: 515 Question Type: Diseases and Disorders of the Endocrine System Objective: 4 Taxonomy: Evaluating 64) The medical term for excessively high levels of calcium in the blood is Answer: hypercalcemia Page Ref: 514 Question Type: Diseases and Disorders of the Endocrine System Objective: 4 Taxonomy: Evaluating

18

.

65) The medical term for deficient activity of the thyroid gland is Answer: hypothyroidism Page Ref: 516 Question Type: Diseases and Disorders of the Endocrine System Objective: 4 Taxonomy: Evaluating

.

66) disease is a chronic form of hyperthyroidism that is believed to be an autoimmune disease.

Answer: Graves', Graves, Grave Page Ref: 515 Question Type: Diseases and Disorders of the Endocrine System Objective: 3 Taxonomy: Remembering 67) The medical term for thickening, swelling, and hardening of the mucous membranes is .

Answer: myxedema Page Ref: 516 Question Type: Diseases and Disorders of the Endocrine System Objective: 4 Taxonomy: Evaluating 68) When the pituitary fails to produce enough growth hormone, it can cause an abnormally short stature called pituitary .

Answer: dwarfism Page Ref: 518 Question Type: Diseases and Disorders of the Endocrine System Objective: 4 Taxonomy: Remembering 69) The medical term for inflammation of the thyroid is .

Answer: thyroiditis Page Ref: 518 Question Type: Diseases and Disorders of the Endocrine System Objective: 4 Taxonomy: Evaluating 70) When hormones are administered to correct for a deficiency, this treatment is abbreviated to .

Answer: HRT Page Ref: 522 Question Type: Treatments, Procedures, and Devices of the Endocrine System Objective: 5 Taxonomy: Remembering

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71) The patient undergoes a procedure that involves cutting into the thyroid. This surgery is called .

Answer: thyroidotomy Page Ref: 523 Question Type: Treatments, Procedures, and Devices of the Endocrine System Objective: 4 Taxonomy: Evaluating 72) A patient has had his thyroid gland removed. The medical name for this procedure is .

Answer: thyroidectomy Page Ref: 523 Question Type: Treatments, Procedures, and Devices of the Endocrine System Objective: 4 Taxonomy: Evaluating 73) A patient has an order for a test called an FBS. This is an abbreviation for words) Answer: fasting blood sugar Page Ref: 521 Question Type: Treatments, Procedures, and Devices of the Endocrine System Objective: 5 Taxonomy: Remembering

. (three

74) You are reviewing a patient's medical record. In the medical history, you see the abbreviation DM. This abbreviation stands for . (two words) Answer: diabetes mellitus Page Ref: 526 Question Type: Diseases and Disorders of the Endocrine System Objective: 5 Taxonomy: Remembering 75) GTT is the abbreviation for Answer: glucose tolerance test Page Ref: 526 Question Type: Abbreviations Objective: 5 Taxonomy: Remembering

. (three words)

76) HRT is an abbreviation for Answer: hormone replacement therapy Page Ref: 526 Question Type: Abbreviations Objective: 5 Taxonomy: Remembering

. (three words)

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77) GH is an abbreviation for Answer: growth hormone Page Ref: 526 Question Type: Abbreviations Objective: 5 Taxonomy: Remembering

. (two words)

78) FSH is an abbreviation for Answer: follicle-stimulating hormone Page Ref: 526 Question Type: Abbreviations Objective: 5 Taxonomy: Remembering

. (three words)

Provide the term based on the brief definition.

79) Abnormal condition of acid Answer: acidosis Page Ref: 507 Question Type: Signs and Symptoms of the Endocrine System Objective: 4 Taxonomy: Evaluating 80) High blood sugar Answer: hyperglycemia Page Ref: 515 Question Type: Diseases and Disorders of the Endocrine System Objective: 4 Taxonomy: Evaluating 81) Low blood calcium Answer: hypocalcemia Page Ref: 514 Question Type: Diseases and Disorders of the Endocrine System Objective: 4 Taxonomy: Evaluating 82) Inflammation of the pancreas Answer: pancreatitis Page Ref: 517 Question Type: Diseases and Disorders of the Endocrine System Objective: 4 Taxonomy: Evaluating

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83) Endocrine disease results in either an abnormal increase in hormone production, or hypersecretion, or an abnormal decrease, or hyposecretion.

Answer: TRUE Page Ref: 506 Question Type: Anatomy and Physiology of the Endocrine System Objective: 4 Taxonomy: Applying 84) The combining form acr/o means "extremity."

Answer: TRUE Page Ref: 506 Question Type: Word Building Objective: 1 Taxonomy: Remembering 85) Ketosis is an excess of ketone bodies in the blood and urine, which is often seen in uncontrolled diabetes mellitus and starvation.

Answer: TRUE Page Ref: 508 Question Type: Signs and Symptoms of the Endocrine System Objective: 4 Taxonomy: Remembering 86) An abnormal enlargement of the thyroid gland caused by a tumor, lack of iodine in the diet, or infection is a goiter.

Answer: TRUE Page Ref: 508 Question Type: Signs and Symptoms of the Endocrine System Objective: 3 Taxonomy: Remembering 87) Ketosis is the result of normal cell metabolism.

Answer: FALSE Explanation: Ketosis is an abnormal condition that occurs when the cells are unable to metabolize carbohydrates.

Page Ref: 508 Question Type: Signs and Symptoms of the Endocrine System Objective: 3 Taxonomy: Applying 88) The combining form calc/o means "potassium."

Answer: FALSE Explanation: Calc/o means "calcium." The combining form for "potassium" is kal/o.

Page Ref: 510 Question Type: Word Building Objective: 1 Taxonomy: Remembering 22

89) Cushing syndrome is a chronic syndrome caused by hyposecretion of the adrenal cortex, characterized by darkening of the skin, loss of appetite, mental depression, and muscle weakness.

Answer: FALSE Explanation: Cushing syndrome is caused by hypersecretion of the adrenal gland and includes the symptoms of obesity, moon face, hyperglycemia, and muscle weakness.

Page Ref: 511 Question Type: Diseases and Disorders of the Endocrine System Objective: 3 Taxonomy: Remembering 90) Diabetes mellitus is a chronic disorder of carbohydrate metabolism resulting in hyperglycemia.

Answer: TRUE Page Ref: 512 Question Type: Diseases and Disorders of the Endocrine System Objective: 3 Taxonomy: Remembering 91) Myxedema results from hypersecretion of the thyroid gland and is characterized by goiter, rapid heart rate, and weight loss.

Answer: FALSE Explanation: Myxedema is due to hypothyroidism resulting in slow heart rate, dry skin, low energy, and weight gain. With this chronic condition, the skin becomes thick and the body retains water, resulting in puffing of the face and thickening of the tongue and hands.

Page Ref: 516 Question Type: Diseases and Disorders of the Endocrine System Objective: 3 Taxonomy: Applying 92) The glucose tolerance test is a diagnostic test used to confirm a diagnosis of diabetes mellitus and other abnormalities in glucose metabolism.

Answer: TRUE Page Ref: 521 Question Type: Treatments, Procedures, and Devices of the Endocrine System Objective: 3 Taxonomy: Remembering 93) The endocrine system works hand in hand with the nervous system to regulate body functions.

Answer: TRUE Page Ref: 504 Question Type: Anatomy and Physiology Objective: 2 Taxonomy: Remembering

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94) The primary role of the endocrine system is to manage homeostasis.

Answer: TRUE Page Ref: 504 Question Type: Anatomy and Physiology Objective: 2 Taxonomy: Remembering 95) The suffix -osis means "condition of."

Answer: TRUE Page Ref: 506 Question Type: Word Building Objective: 1 Taxonomy: Remembering 96) A symptom of excessive body hair in a masculine pattern is known as hirsutism.

Answer: TRUE Page Ref: 508 Question Type: Signs and Symptoms of the Endocrine System Objective: 3 Taxonomy: Remembering 97) A goiter is a shrinking of the thyroid gland caused by a tumor, lack of iodine in the diet, or an infection.

Answer: FALSE Explanation: A goiter is an abnormal enlargement of the thyroid gland caused by a tumor, lack of iodine in the diet, or an infection.

Page Ref: 508 Question Type: Signs and Symptoms of the Endocrine System Objective: 3 Taxonomy: Remembering

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Match the combining form with the correct definition.

A) to set in motion B) hairy C) thirst D) resembling a shield E) shield F) sex gland G) adrenal gland H) extremity I) to secrete J) calcium 98) adren/o 99) calc/i 100) crin/o 101) dips/o 102) gonad/o 103) hirsut/o 104) hormon/o 105) thyr/o 106) thyroid/o 107) acr/o Answers: 98) G 99) J 100) I 101) C 102) F 103) B 104) A 105) E 106) D 107) H

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