Lecture Notes> THE-BIG-ONE_Bataan Peninsula State University in Balanga_ The “Big One” is a powerful

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THE BIG ONE Prepared by:

WHAT IS THE BIG ONE?

The “Big One” is a powerful 7.2 magnitude Earthquake that may strike Metro Manila.“This Earthquake is inevitable and will happen in our lifetime.”

THE EARTHQUAKE An earthquake is a shaking of the ground caused by the sudden breaking and movement of the large sections (tectonic plates) of the earth’s rocky outermost crust. The edges of the tectonic plates are marked by faults (or fractures). Most earthquakes occur along the fault lines when the plates slide past each other or collide against each other.

THE RING OF FIRE Pacific Ring of Fire – is the zone of most of the earth’s subduction zones.

Subduction zone – is a place where one plate of oceanic lithosphere (the crust + uppermost mantle) is shoved under another plate.

THE RING OF FIRE Is a major area in the basin of the Pacific Ocean where a large number of earthquakes and volcanic eruptions occur. In a 40,000km horseshoe shape, it is associated with a nearly continuous series of oceanic trenches, volcanic arcs, and/or plate movements.

THE RING OF FIRE

SEISMOGRAPHS 



Seismographs are devices that record ground motion during earthquakes.

The first seismographs were constructed at the very end of the 19th century in Italy and Germany.

SEISMOGRAM WEAK P Up-Down N-S E-W

S

STRONG surface waves

Ritcher Scale- designed by Dr. Charles F. Ritcher of the California Institute of Technolog.

- is the best known logarithmic scale in measuring the magnitude( strength of the shock waves) of earthquakes.

PHILIPPINES EAST AND WEST VALLEY FAULT

West Valley Fault – is the most geologically active fault line in the Philippines.

- It is a 100-kilometer fault transects portions of Quezon City, Marikina, Makati, Pasig, Taguig, Muntinlupa, Bulacan, Rizal, Cavite and Laguna.

East Valley Fault – it is a 10-kilometer long segment of the Valley Fault in

POSSIBLE EFFECTS WHEN THE BIG ONE STRIKES

HOW THE BIG ONE WILL AFFECT BATAAN?

TSUNAMI  These are sea waves, small to large,

resulting from disturbance of sea water by undersea earthquakes, landslides, and volcanic eruptions.  Tsunami prone areas in Bataan

(Morong, Bagac, Mariveles).

QUAKE POWERED LANDSLIDES 

– it is a down slope movement of rocks, soil and other debris commonly triggered by heavy rain and strong earthquake.



Landslide prone areas in Bataan (Mariveles, Limay, Hermosa)

LIQUEFACTION  is a process of liquifying sediments to liquid that happens during strong ground shaking and sediments are rearrange into more compact state.  Liquefaction prone areas per

municipality (Hermosa, Dinalupihan, City of Balanga)

SOIL EROSION 

– is a gradual destruction of soil.



-Soil Erosion prone areas

(Dinalupihan, Bagac, Mariveles)

WHAT NEEDS TO BE DONE?

THANK YOU FOR LISTENING!!!