Humanities through the Arts

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CHAPTER 1 MULTIPLE CHOICE - Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question.

1) Broad areas of human creativity involving analysis of values are collectively referred to as A) the humanities.

B) scientific methodologies.

C) the arts and sciences.

D) the history of mankind.

2)

The text places emphasis on studying the humanities through A) the arts.

B) the sciences.

C) philosophy.

D) literature.

3)

Cave art reveals that A) art has a geographical connection.

B) from the beginning, humans instinctively made revealing forms.

C) animals have been important in the development of values.

D) art is a sacred matter.

4)

Which statement best corresponds with the author's approach to the humanities?

A) The commercial success of a work of art is the best way to understand its value.

B) Matters of taste are indisputable; beauty is in the eye of the beholder.

C) Going beyond the facts to the values that evoke our feelings.

D) It is nearly impossible to fully analyze works of art that are not considered beautiful.

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5)

The organization of a medium that clarifies or reveals a subject matter is described as A) artistic form.

B) emotional form.

C) sensuous form.

D) receptive form.

6)

Why must artists make the structure interesting?

A) because we often respond to artistic form without awareness of its affect<!--Markup Copied from Habitat--> B) because we are most impressed by commercially successful works of art C) because we actively seek to engage with structural components D) because we are unable to form an opinion without structure

7)

What is the subject matter of Blume's The Eternal City?

A) self-portrait B) geometry C) African culture D) fascism

8)

Which statement best describes Robert Herrick's poem, "The Pillar of Fame"?

A) It lacks a clearly defined structure.

B) Its visual formal structure illuminates the subject of fame.

C) Its structure and the theme are unrelated.

D) It conveys objectivity.

9)

In Okara's poem, "Piano and Drums," what does the piano symbolize?

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A) music B) God C) African cultures D) European cultures

10) art

Knowledge about the cultural and political implications—the background—of a work of

A) makes very little impact on our engagement.

B) aids in our perception and intensifies our response.

C) requires minimal effort or participation.

D) is irrelevant to our enjoyment.

ESSAY. Write your answer in the space provided or on a separate sheet of paper.

11) Using your experience in perceiving either Blume'sThe Eternal City or David Alfaro Siqueiros'sEcho of a Scream, discuss how education and experience changed your perception of the art. Were your values identified at all? If so, how?

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Answer Key Test name: Chap 01_11e_ Jacobus 1) A The humanities are described as broad areas of human creativity and study, such as philosophy, history, social sciences, the arts, and literature distinct from the sciences.

2) A The text establishes its approach to studying the humanities through the arts. The author contends that values are clarified in enduring ways via the arts.

3) B From the beginning, our species instinctively had an interest in making revealing forms.<!--Markup Copied from Habitat--> 4) C We learn to recognize the values illuminated in such works as well as to understand the ways they are expressed. Such development is the meaning of “education” in the sense in which we have been using the term.

5) A Artistic form is the organization or composition of a medium that clarifies or reveals a subject matter.

6) A Because we often respond to artistic form without being conscious that it is affecting us, the painter must make the structure interesting.<!-Markup Copied from Habitat-->

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7) D 8) B The design of Herrick's poem has a visual formal structure (pillar shaped) that illuminates its (fame) subject matter. His poem achieves the blending of ideas and objects, of the abstract and the concrete, through its structure.

9) D Okara symbolizes the clash in terms of music, and he opposes two musical instruments: the drum and the piano. They stand, respectively, for the African and the European cultures.<!--Markup Copied from Habitat--> 10) B Background information about a work of art and increased sensitivity to its artistic form intensify our responses.<!--Markup Copied from Habitat--> 11) Answers will vary

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CHAPTER 2 MULTIPLE CHOICE - Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question.

1) The term "work of art" implies the concept of A) existence.

B) making.

C) naturalism.

D) neutrality.

2)

In order for something to be art, it must be A) a painting.

B) a natural phenomenon.

C) beautiful.

D) human-made.

3)

Artistic form usually implies a strong degree of perceptible A) unity.

B) angularity.

C) content.

D) disunity.

4)

Which painting requires a greater degree of participation?

A) Goya, May 3, 1808 B) Adams, Execution in Saigon C) Valadon, Reclining Nude D) Saville, Trace

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5)

A participative experience involves A) undivided and sustained attention.

B) weak artistic form.

C) limited or restricted background knowledge.

D) perception of narrative quality.

6) Subject matter clarified and made meaningful through its detachment from accidental or insignificant aspects denotes A) participation.

B) content.

C) artistic form.

D) perception.

7)

What effect does form have on the subject matter of paintings like Goya's?

A) contextual B) representative C) objective D) transformative

8)

A participative experience involves A) participating with other people in enjoying a work of art.

B) feeling sympathy for some character in a work of art.

C) identifying with some character in a work of art.

D) undivided and sustained attention to a work of art.

9) According to the authors, which of the following basic distinctions of art is the most fundamental?

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A) participation B) content C) artistic form D) subject matter

10)

Lichtenstein used comic strips as subject matter because A) he could make money with such a commercial subject matter.

B) the comic strips were almost art and thus easily improved into art.

C) of the stark simplicity and power of comic strips.

D) he felt they were beautiful.

ESSAY. Write your answer in the space provided or on a separate sheet of paper.

11) Do you agree with the authors' assertion that participation is the most fundamental of the basic distinctions of art? Why? If you disagree, which do you think is the most important, and why? Do you have any experiences with art to draw on to support your claims?

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Answer Key Test name: Chap 02_11e_ Jacobus 1) B The term "work of art" implies the concept of "making."

2) D Three criteria for determining whether something is a work of art are that (1) the object or event is made by an artist, (2) the object or event is intended to be a work of art by its maker, and (3) recognized experts agree that it is a work of art.<!--Markup Copied from Habitat--> 3) A Artistic form implies that the parts we perceive—for example, line, color, texture, shape, and space in a painting—have been unified for the most profound effect possible. That effect is revelatory. Artistic form reveals, clarifies, enlightens, and gives fresh meaning to something valuable in life, some subject matter. A form that lacks a significant degree of unity is unlikely to accomplish this. Our daily experiences usually are characterized more by disunity than by unity.

4) A In the Prado Museum in Madrid, Goya’s painting continually draws and holds the attention of innumerable viewers, many of whom know little or nothing about the rebellion of 1808. Adams’s photograph is also a powerful image, of course—and probably initially more powerful than the Goya—but the form of the photograph is not strong enough to hold most of us on that image for very long.

5) A

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The participative experience—the undivided and sustained attention to an object or event that makes us lose our sense of separation from that object or event—is induced by strong or artistic form. Participation is not likely to develop with weak form because weak form tends to allow our attention to wander.

6) B 7) D The artistic form of the painting enriches or interprets its subject matter, says something significant about it. The subject matter of the painting has been transformed by the form.<!--Markup Copied from Habitat--> 8) D 9) A 10) C Lichtenstein reports that he was attracted to the comic strip by its stark simplicity—the blatant primary colors, the ungainly black lines that encircle the shapes, the balloons that isolate the spoken words or thoughts of the characters. He was struck by the apparent inconsistency between the strong emotions of the stories and the highly impersonal, mechanical style in which they were expressed. Despite the crudity of the comic strip, Lichtenstein saw power in the directness of the medium.

Somehow the cartoons mirrored something about ourselves. Lichtenstein set out to clarify what that something was. At first people laughed, as was to be expected.

11) Answers will vary

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CHAPTER 3 MULTIPLE CHOICE - Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question.

1) Interpretive criticism centers upon A) formal elements of a work.

B) the content.

C) the relative merits of a work.

D) the degree of beauty of a work of art.

2)

Descriptive criticism focuses upon A) formal elements of a work.

B) the content.

C) the relative merits of a work.

D) the degree of beauty of a work of art.

3)

Evaluative criticism centers on A) formal elements of a work.

B) the content.

C) the relative merits of a work.

D) the degree of beauty of a work of art.

4)

A work of art is most likely to be judged a masterpiece by an evaluative critic if A) it is inexhaustible.

B) its form is perfect.

C) it has a subject matter that defies comprehension.

D) it puzzles critics.

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5)

A detail relationship of an artistic form is A) the connection of one part to the overall structure.

B) the connection of a part to another part or parts.

C) the detail within a part.

D) None of the answers are correct.

6)

A region of a work of art is A) a larger distinct part or group of parts.

B) a geographical representation.

C) a landscape area.

D) None of the answers are correct.

7)

A structural relationship in a work of art is A) the overall organization.

B) the connection of a part to the overall structure.

C) a perceptually distinct part or group of parts.

D) None of the answers are correct.

8)

Which of the following can be considered shock art?

A) Ofili,Holy Virgin Mary B) Pollock,The Flame C) Leutze,Washington Crossing the Delaware D) Leonardo,The Last Supper

9)

The statement that Picasso's Guernica is a better painting than Munch's The Scream is

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A) interpretive.

B) historical.

C) descriptive.

D) evaluative.

10) The statement that there are more detailed relationships in The Flame than in The Last Supper is A) interpretive.

B) historical.

C) descriptive.

D) evaluative.

11) The statement that the bull in Picasso's Guernica symbolizes Franco's utter insensitivity to suffering is A) interpretive.

B) descriptive.

C) evaluative.

D) historical.

12)

Interpretive critics, even more so than other critics, must be familiar with A) the form-content.

B) the subject matter.

C) other schools of criticism.

D) the regional relationship.

13) Noticing the rhyme, steady meter, and quatrain stanza structure of McKay's "If We Must Die" is

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A) interpretive criticism.

B) historical criticism.

C) descriptive criticism.

D) evaluative criticism.

14)

A descriptive criticism of Jackson Pollock'sThe Flame would A) point out the vigorous color contrasts of the composition.

B) assess the merits of Pollock's work.

C) explain the symbolic meaning of the fiery forms.

D) assert that the work is a masterpiece.

15)

N. J. Berrill points out in Man's Emerging Mind that A) we are more likely to believe what we see.

B) we are more likely to see what we believe.

C) we believe that we see what is there.

D) seeing is believing.

ESSAY. Write your answer in the space provided or on a separate sheet of paper.

16) Descriptively criticize theLast Supper (see Figure 3-1). Point out every facet of form that seems important. Look for shapes that relate to each other, including shapes formed by groupings of figures. Do any shapes stand out as unique? Explain.

17)

Discuss the detail and structural relationships in Pollock'sThe Flame.

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Answer Key Test name: Chap 03_11e_ Jacobus 1) B 2) A 3) C 4) A 5) B 6) A 7) B 8) A 9) D 10) C 11) A 12) B 13) C 14) A 15) B As N. J. Berrill points out in Man’s Emerging Mind, The statement you often hear that seeing is believing is one of the most misleading ones a man has ever made, for you are more likely to see what you believe than believe what you see. To see anything as it really exists is about as hard an exercise of mind and eyes as it is possible to perform.

17) Answers will vary

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CHAPTER 4 MULTIPLE CHOICE - Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question.

1) Which of the following is pigment bound by egg yolk?

A) fresco B) oil C) tempera D) watercolor

2)

Why is oil a dominant medium in easel painting?

A) It offers the most flexibility for blending colors and subtle portrayal of light and textures.

B) It dries quickly and offers little room for error.

C) It provides extraordinary precision of detail and subtle linear shaping.<!--Markup Copied from Habitat--> D) It offers limited, but striking color choices.

3)

Which statement best describes watercolor pigment?

A) It offers the most flexibility for blending colors and subtle portrayal of light and textures.

B) It dries quickly and offers little room for error.

C) It provides extraordinary precision of detail and subtle linear shaping.<!--Markup Copied from Habitat--> D) It offers limited, but striking color choices.

4)

The purity, vividness, or intensity of a hue refers to its

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A) shading.

B) saturation.

C) value.

D) texture.

5)

The basic elements of painting are A) line, color, texture, and composition.

B) light, shape, volume, and space.

C) perception, rhythm, and balance.

D) an artist, a participator, and a critic.

6)

In abstract painting, sensa are A) associated with specific objects or events.

B) always representative of the painter's inner psyche.

C) dissociated from specific objects or events.

D) the logic of the composition.

7)

In representational painting, sensa are A) associated with specific objects or events.

B) always representative of the painter's inner psyche.

C) dissociated from specific objects or events.

D) the logic of the composition.

8) Which principle of composition refers to the emphasis achieved by the scaling of sizes or shapes?

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A) balance B) proportion C) gradation D) unity

9)

The "all-at-onceness" of a painting refers to A) the back story of the artist.

B) the idea that the sensa allow the function of the painting to become clear.

C) all of a painting being present at one time.

D) None of the answers are correct.

10)

In painting, what is an axis line?

A) An imaginary line that helps determine basic visual directions.

B) The intersection of two points on a canvas.

C) The property of reflecting light of a particular wavelength.

D) A continuum of changes in the details and regions.

11)

An example of complementary colors is A) orange and blue.

B) blue and green.

C) red and blue.

D) orange and green.

12)

What is the subject of abstract art?

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A) the sensuous B) the mundane C) the future D) the past

13)

Which form of painting gives the most intensified sense of presentational immediacy?

A) abstract B) representational C) sculptural D) None of the answers are correct.

14) Frida Kahlo'sSelf-Portrait with Thorn Neclace and Hummingbird is an example of_____Blank painting.

A) abstract B) representational C) shock D) color-field

SHORT ANSWER. Write the word or phrase that best completes each statement or answers the question.

15) Select one of the following paintings and describe its organization in terms of the principles of composition including balance, gradation, movement and rhythm, proportion, unity, and variety. ● Fragonard, The Swing, 1776 ● Monet, Impression, Sunrise, 1873 ● O'Keeffe's Rust Red Hills, 1930

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16) Describe the use of line in Mondrian'sBroadway Boogie Woogie (Fig. 4-9). How does line suggest rhythm and movement?

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Answer Key Test name: Chap 04_11e_ Jacobus 1) C 2) A Because oil paint dries slowly and can be put on in thin layers, it offers the artist remarkable control over the final product. No medium in painting offers a more flexible blending of colors or subtle portrayal of light and textures.<!--Markup Copied from Habitat--> 3) D Unlike artists working with tempera or oil painting, watercolorists work quickly, often with broad strokes and in broad washes. The color resources of the medium are limited in range, but often striking in effect.<!--Markup Copied from Habitat--><!--Markup Copied from Habitat--> 4) B Saturation refers to the purity, vividness, or intensity of a hue.

5) A The elements are the basic building blocks of a medium. For painting they are line, color, texture, and composition. Light, shape, volume, and space are often referred to as elements, but strictly speaking, they are compounds.<!--Markup Copied from Habitat--><!--Markup Copied from Habitat--> 6) C 7) A 8) B RevisitPrinciples topic inComposition section of chapter 4.

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9) C 10) A ReviewElements of Painting in chapter 4.

11) A Complementary colors are opposite of each other on the color wheel.

12) A The subject matter in abstract, or nonrepresentational art is the sensa, according to the author.

13) A Abstract painting, more than any other art, gives us an intensified sense of here-now.

14) B Kahlo's painting depicts an identifiable subject (her own image).

15)Balance refers to the equilibrium of opposing visual forces.

Gradation refers to a continuum of changes in the details and regions such as shape, color value, and shadowing.

Movement and rhythm refers to the way a painting controls the movement and pace of our vision.

Proportion refers to the emphasis achieved by the scaling of sizes and shapes.

Unity refers to the togetherness, despite contrasts, of details and regions to the whole.

Variety refers to the contrasts of details and regions.

Answers will vary.

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16) Line in Mondrian’s Broadway Boogie Woogie (Figure 4-9) can also suggest rhythm and movement, especially when used with vibrant colors, which in this painting are intended to echo the neon lights of 1940s Broadway. Mondrian lived and worked for twenty years in Paris, but in 1938, with Nazis threatening war, he moved to London. In 1940, with the war under way, he went to New York. He was particularly attracted to American jazz music. He arrived in New York when the swing bands reached their height of popularity and he used his signature grid style in Broadway Boogie Woogie to interpret jazz visually. The basic structure is a grid of vertical and horizontal yellow lines—and only vertical and horizontal lines. On these lines, and between these lines, Mondrian places patterns of intense blocks of color to suggest the powerful jazz rhythms he loved so much. Even the large “silent” blocks of white imply musical rests.

Answers will vary

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CHAPTER 5 MULTIPLE CHOICE - Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question.

1) Sculpture, more than painting, appeals to A) the visual sense.

B) the sense of touch.

C) the imagination.

D) common sense.

2)

What statement best describes the space around a sculpture?

A) It is empty.

B) It is sensory.

C) It is intangible.

D) It is shallow.

3)

Which type of sculpture has the least amount of depth dimension?

A) sculpture in the round B) high-relief sculpture C) low-relief sculpture D) medium-relief sculpture

4) Sculpture that has grooves of various depths cut into the surface plane of stone while the surface remains clearly perceptible is A) sunken-relief sculpture.

B) low-relief sculpture.

C) high-relief sculpture.

D) being true to materials.

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5)

Our bodies are more actively involved in the perception of A) low-relief sculpture.

B) high-relief sculpture.

C) sculpture in the round.

D) sunken-relief sculpture.

6)

An example of "truth to materials" in sculpture is A) a stone carving that lacks depth.

B) a realistic shape that replicates some false or fictitious reality.

C) an abstract shape with no clearly identifiable subject.

D) a wood carving shaped to reveal the grain of the wood.

7)

TheDanaïde was sculpted by A) Calder.

B) Michelangelo.

C) Rodin.

D) Ghiberti.

8)

Which type of sculpture especially brings out the three-dimensionality of objects?

A) low-relief sculpture B) high-relief sculpture C) sculpture in the round D) sunken-relief sculpture

9)

Abstract sculptures

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A) usually represent specific objects and events.

B) often make the density of sensa its primary subject matter.

C) can only represent density, but cannot present it.

D) are space sculptures.

10)

Which of the following is true of contemporary versus traditional sculpture?

A) It is more likely to be made by modeling.

B) It is more likely to be made by carving.

C) It is more likely to be made by assembling preformed pieces of material.

D) It is easy to classify.

11)

Spiral Jetty is an example of A) earth sculpture.

B) environmental sculpture.

C) machine sculpture.

D) accommodation with technology.

12)

Lin'sVietnam Veterans Memorial is an example of A) public sculpture.

B) earth sculpture.

C) environmental sculpture.

D) sculpture in the round.

13)

Why was Lin'sVietnam Veterans Memorial initially controversial?

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A) It commemorated an unpopular war.

B) It applauded feminist efforts.

C) It provoked antiwar sentiment.

D) It defied spatial perception.

SHORT ANSWER. Write the word or phrase that best completes each statement or answers the question.

14) Describe Edgar Degas'sThe Little Fourteen-Year-Old Dancer (Figure 5-6). What is the subject matter of the sculpture? What does the composition of the dancer tell us about the subject matter?

15) Compare Michelangelo'sDavid (Figure 5-2) with Rodin'sDanaïde (Figure 5-12). How does each sculptor establish the gender of his figure? Does Rodin achieve more in terms of gender identity by leaving some of the original marble unfinished?

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Answer Key Test name: Chap 05_11e_ Jacobus 1) B Sculpture has a tactile sense that painting generally lacks.

2) B The space around a sculpture is sensory rather than empty. Despite its invisibility, sensory space—like the wind—is felt.

3) C 4) A 5) C 6) D Truth to materials refers to respect for (or defiance of) the distinctive characteristics of an artistic medium.

7) C 8) C 9) B 10) C 11) A The earth itself is subject matter.

12) A Consider the location and shape of Lin's sculpture.

13) A

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Maya Ying Lin’s Vietnam Veterans Memorial (Figure 5-27) is in Washington, D.C. Because the Vietnam War was both terribly unpopular and a major defeat, there were fears that any memorial might stir public antagonism. However, it has become a most popular attraction both in its place in Washington, D.C., and as a replica tours around the country.

14) Answers will vary.

15) Answers will vary.

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CHAPTER 6 MULTIPLE CHOICE - Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question.

1) Centered space is best described as A) a natural or human-made site that organizes other places around it.

B) the feeling of comfortable positioning in an environment.

C) a place dominated by architecture.

D) an enclosed space that draws attention to its privileged position.

2)

Of the four necessities of architecture, which is the most obvious?

A) function B) spatial relationships C) technical requirements D) revelatory requirements

3)

Buildings that illuminate the earth and accentuate its natural symbolism are considered A) earth-rooted architecture.

B) sky-oriented architecture.

C) earth-resting architecture.

D) earth-dominating architecture.

4) Given its weighty appearance and the density of its stone columns, the Parthenon in Athens is best classified as A) earth-rooted architecture.

B) sky-oriented architecture.

C) earth-resting architecture.

D) earth-dominating architecture.

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5)

Gaudi's Sagrada Familia in Barcelona is an example of A) earth-rooted architecture.

B) sky-oriented architecture.

C) earth-resting architecture.

D) earth-dominating architecture.

6)

Which structure best illustrates the perception of architecture to "defy gravity"?

A) Brunelleschi's dome of the Florence Cathedral B) the Parthenon in Athens C) Gehry's Guggenheim Museum D) Van der Rohe's Farnsworth Residence

7)

The inner centrality of the Parthenon was considered weak because A) the outer centrality is so strong.

B) the inner space is divided.

C) it is so entirely open.

D) there are no windows.

8)

Sky-oriented architecture may do all of the following, except A) emphasize or accent the earth around it.

B) appear to defy gravity.

C) stand high and centered.

D) integrate outer and inner light.

9)

Which of the following exemplifies sky-oriented architecture?

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A) the Pantheon B) Farnsworth House C) Guggenheim Museum D) Sagrada Família

10)

Earth-resting buildings usually have A) spires.

B) flat roofs.

C) cantilevering structures.

D) curving lines.

11) _____Blank stands out in the text as possibly the greatest of the great Gothic cathedrals built in medieval Europe.

A) The Duomo in Florence B) The Duomo in Milan C) Chartres D) Notre Dame

12)

Buildings that "rule over" the earth are described as A) earth-resting.

B) sky-oriented.

C) earth-rooted.

D) earth-dominating.

13)

The functional necessities of architecture require

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A) a division between inner and outer space.

B) materials that function together to withstand gravitational stresses.

C) the form of the building to be revelatory of its function or purpose.

D) the form of the building to be reflective of the values of the architect.

14)

Issues of space and architecture are especially relevant in what sector?

A) financial districts B) urban planning C) rural development D) highways and state roads

15)

Calatrava's "Turning Torso" high-rise in Sweden is best described as A) earth-resting.

B) a combination of earth-rooted and sky-oriented.

C) a combination of earth-resting and earth-rooted.

D) a combination of earth-dominating and sky-oriented.

SHORT ANSWER. Write the word or phrase that best completes each statement or answers the question.

16) Analyze the "spatial" and "revelatory" functions of Frank Lloyd Wright's Guggenheim Museum. Give specific details and incorporate relevant terminology.

17) Explain the difference between "earth-resting" and "earth-rooted" architecture. Give a detailed example of each form.

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Answer Key Test name: Chap 06_11e_ Jacobus 1) A 2) C Of the four necessities of architecture, the technical requirements of a building are the most obvious. Revelatory requirements are also crucial, but the technical aspects ensure longevity of a building and its ability to illuminate something significant.

3) A 4) A The Parthenon (see Figure 6-4), because it is on the Acropolis, the highest point in Athens, seems an unlikely candidate for an earthrooted structure, but as we see it now in ruin we perceive a remarkable tendency for it to appear profoundly weighty. The stones that surround the building give us a clue immediately to the density of its stone columns, and the stones of the support of the original roof imply an inevitable yielding to gravity. The horizontal rectangularity of the entablature follows evenly along the plain of the Acropolis with the steady beat of its supporting columns and quiets their upward thrust.

Gravity is accepted and accentuated in this serene stability—the hold of the earth is secure.

5) B 6) A

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"Perhaps Brunelleschi’s dome of the Cathedral of Florence (Figure 6-17) is the most powerful structure ever built in seeming to defy gravity and achieving height in relation to its site. The eight outside ribs spring up to the cupola with tremendous energy, in part because they repeat the spring of the mountains that encircle Florence. The dome, visible from almost everywhere in and around Florence, appears to be precisely centered in the Arno Valley, precisely as high as it should be in order to organize its sky. The world of Florence begins and ends at the still point of this dome of aspiration."

7) B 8) A 9) D 10) B 11) C 12) D 13) C 14) B 15) D

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16) Spatial: The term cantilever refers to a structural principle in architecture in which one end of a horizontal form is fixed—usually in a wall—while the other end juts out over space. Steel beam construction makes such forms possible; many modern buildings, like the Guggenheim Museum, have forms extending fluidly into space.Revelatory: The building reveals itself as a museum. What else could it be? In the 1950s Wright's design was revolutionary. We think of it now as a museum, but when it was built it contrasted so sharply with the rectangular boxlike structures near it that people were shocked.

Indeed, this building stands as a work of art partly because its singular design occupies space as a sculpture would. The Guggenheim Museum in New York began an architectural era in which the relationship of form and function began to be called into question.

Answers will vary 17)Earth-rooted: the earth appears as an organic part of the building, seems to "hug to" the earth (e.g., Pantheon), or grow out of the earth (e.g., Wright's Kaufmann house).

Earth-resting does not strongly organize the sky around itself, the earth appears as a stage, avoids curving lines or cantilevering, appears to "sit on" the earth; does not relate to its environment as strongly as earthrooted and sky-oriented architecture. Tends to draw to itself more isolated attention with reference to its shape, articulation of the elements of its walls, lighting, and so on.

Answers will vary

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CHAPTER 7 MULTIPLE CHOICE - Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question.

1) The basic medium of literature is A) the written word.

B) sense.

C) spoken language.

D) narration.

2)

Literature is what kind of art?

A) narrative B) serial C) sound D) sense

3)

What is the main idea of a literary work?

A) the theme.

B) free verse.

C) the setting.

D) narrative.

4)

Which literary structure is a poem with emphasis on feelings as the subject matter?

A) organic narrative B) quest narrative C) the lyric D) episodic narrative

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5)

A 14-line poem with fixed rhyming patterns is a(n) A) episode.

B) haiku.

C) sonnet.

D) quest.

6)

Language used to help the participant picture what is being described is called A) simile.

B) metaphor.

C) symbolism.

D) imagery.

7) A comparison between two things—made by the poet to help the participant perceive new aspects of one or both of them—is called A) metaphor.

B) symbolism.

C) imagery.

D) diction.

8)

"Inebriate of air am I," in Dickinson's poem is an example of A) simile.

B) metaphor.

C) diction.

D) irony.

9)

Which of the following implies contradiction of some kind?

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A) symbolism B) simile C) irony D) diction

10) Which type of narrative implies a close relationship of all the details including unity of events and character(s)?

A) organic B) episodic C) quest D) lyric

11)

The episodic narrative is a story A) relating a single episode or event.

B) relating a series of events not closely connected.

C) of someone's search for an important goal.

D) that is unresolved.

12)

Which is an example of an episodic narrative?

A) Miguel de Cervantes’sDon Quixote B) Maxim Gorky's "Her Lover" C) Herman Melville’sMoby-Dick D) Ralph Ellison’sInvisible Man

13)

The quest narrative is a story in which

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A) the leading character or characters search for something of great importance to themselves.

B) the leading character or characters have to complete certain assigned tasks in order to receive their rewards.

C) a series of seemingly unrelated events are related by a surprising conclusion.

D) a mystery is solved.

14)

Which is an example of a quest narrative?

A) Miguel de Cervantes’sDon Quixote B) Maxim Gorky's "Her Lover" C) Herman Melville’sMoby-Dick D) Homer'sOdyssey

SHORT ANSWER. Write the word or phrase that best completes each statement or answers the question.

15) Identify and briefly describe the four structures of literature discussed in chapter 7. Give an example of each. Which structure do you favor? Why?

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ESSAY. Write your answer in the space provided or on a separate sheet of paper.

16) In the following Walt Whitman lyric "A Noiseless Patient Spider," he sees a connection between the spider and the human soul. Using language from the poem as your examples, reveal how the poem identifies that connection. Consider the speaker, the choice of subject matter, the diction, the metaphors, and the image. What insight into the human soul do you gain from this meditation?

A Noiseless Patient Spider A noiseless patient spider, I mark'd where on a little promontory it stood isolated, Mark'd how to explore the vacant vast surrounding, It launch'd forth filament, filament, filament, out of itself, Ever unreeling them, every tirelessly speeding them.

And you O my soul where you stand, Surrounded, detached, in measureless oceans of space, Ceaselessly musing, venturing, throwing, seeking the spheres to connect them, Till the bridge you will need be form'd, till the ductile anchor hold, Till the gossamer thread you fling catch somewhere, O my soul.

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Answer Key Test name: Chap 07_11e_ Jacobus 1) C 2) B 3) A The theme or main idea of a literary work usually involves a structural decision about the kind of space being enclosed.

4) C 5) C 6) D 7) A 8) B Metaphor is a comparison designed to heighten perception.

9) C 10) A The term organic implies a close relationship of all the details in a narrative. Unlike episodic narratives, the organic narrative unifies both the events of the narrative and the nature of the character or characters in it.

11) B 12) A 13) A 14) C 15) Answers will vary.

16) Answers will vary

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CHAPTER 8 MULTIPLE CHOICE - Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question.

1) Which of the following elements of drama includes set design?

A) plot B) diction C) spectacle D) music

2)

According to Aristotle, what is the moment of truth for the tragic hero?

A) denouement B) recognition C) reversal D) catharsis

3) In tragedy, what is the cleansing or purification that occurs after feeling pity and fear for the character?

A) denouement B) recognition C) reversal D) catharsis

4)

Artaud's "Theater of Cruelty" views the audience as A) innocent spectators willing to be entertained.

B) valued critics with unique perspectives.

C) privileged people who deserve to be assaulted.

D) cruel masses of highly critical viewers.

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5)

What is the exchange of communication among characters in a play?

A) setting B) scenery C) dialogue D) music

6)

Comedy tends to A) exalt the worth of individuals.

B) place the characters in difficult, irresolvable situations.

C) satirize the manners of society.

D) use stereotypes more than types.

7)

When does the strongest effect of tragedy occur?

A) When the protagonist's quest for truth ends happily.

B) When the protagonist accepts his or her misfortune.

C) When recognition and reversal happen at the same time<!--Markup Copied from Habitat--> D) At the denouement, or conclusion of events.

8)

Hamlet's famous speech, "To be, or not to be..." is an example of A) soliloquy.

B) dialogue.

C) catharsis.

D) archetype.

9)

According to Aristotle, what should cause the tragic hero's failure?

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A) lust B) strength C) hamartia D) the events

10)

Tragicomedy is most likely to end with A) a death.

B) a marriage.

C) unanswered questions.

D) promise of new beginnings.

11)

The search for personal identity is a familiar narrative pattern known as a(n) A) hamartia.

B) archetype.

C) dialogue.

D) proscenium.

12)

Which of the following characterizes Old Comedy?

A) It is associated with burlesque and slapstick.

B) It is suave and subtle.

C) It avoids brutal attacks on individuals.

D) It concentrates on manners.

13)

A character who displays often-repeated behavior in comedy is known as

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A) an archetypal character.

B) a blocking character.

C) a heroic character.

D) a type character.

14)

What is the subject matter of tragedy?

A) sorrow and suffering B) joy and happiness C) guilt and community D) strange behavior and laughter

15)

Samuel Beckett's play,Acts without Words, which has no words at all, is an example of A) Character Flaw.

B) Tragicomedy.

C) Experimental Drama.

D) Old Comedy.

SHORT ANSWER. Write the word or phrase that best completes each statement or answers the question.

16) Compare and contrast Old Comedy and New Comedy. Describe characteristics of each.

Give examples.

17) A soliloquy occurs when a character alone onstage reveals his or her thoughts. Study the use of the soliloquy in Shakespeare’sHamlet (3.3.73–96, 4.4.32–66). What is the purpose of Hamlet's soliloquy? What does it accomplish? Explain.

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Answer Key Test name: Chap 08_11e_ Jacobus 1) C 2) B 3) D Tragedy, Aristotle tells us, arouses pity and fear and by doing so produces in us a catharsis, a purging of those feelings, wiping out some of the horror. The drama helps us understand the complexities of human nature and the power of our inescapable destinies.<!--Markup Copied from Habitat--> 4) C 5) C 6) C 7) C Plot involves rising action, climax, falling action, and denouement. For Aristotle, the tragic hero quests for truth. The moment of truth—the climax—is called recognition. When the fortune of the protagonist turns from good to bad, the reversal follows. The strongest effect of tragedy occurs when recognition and reversal happen at the same time, as in Sophocles’sOedipus Rex. 8) A 9) C The protagonist, or leading character, in the most powerful tragedies fails not only because of fate, which is a powerful force in Greek thought, but also because of a flaw in character (hamartia), a disregard of human limitations. The protagonist in the best tragedies ironically brings his misfortune upon himself.<!--Markup Copied from Habitat--> Version 1

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10) C 11) B 12) A 13) D 14) A 15) C 16)Old Comedy: raucous and coarse. Aristophanes' plays--Plutarch was offended by plays such as The Clouds, The Frogs, The Wasps, and especially Lysistrata, the world’s best-known phallic play, concerning a situation in which the women of a community withhold sex until the men agree not to wage any more war. At one point in the play, the humor centers on the men walking around with enormous erections under their togas. Associated with our modern farce, burlesque, and the broad humor and make-believe violence of slapstick.

New Comedy: everyday Athenian life, Menander's The Flatterer, The Lady from Andros, The Suspicious Man, and The Grouch, his only surviving complete play, concentrated on common situations. Avoided the brutal attacks on individuals. "Comedy of manners"-- drama that satirizes the manners of a society as the basic part of its subject matter.

Suave and subtle.

New Comedy developed type characters, for they helped focus upon the foibles of social behavior. Type characters, such as the gruff and difficult man who turns out to have a heart of gold, the good cop, the bad cop, the ingenue, the finicky person, or the sloppy person—all these work well in comedies.

Answers may vary.

17) Gives insight into Hamlet's character, occurs when tension is greatest, illustrates psychological dimension of character.

Answers will vary.

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CHAPTER 9 CHECK ALL THE APPLY. Choose all options that best completes the statement or answers the question.

1) Which genres of music are described as "essentially countercultural art forms with codes for sexual behavior"? Check all that apply.

A) rock and roll B) classical C) jazz D) gospel

MULTIPLE CHOICE - Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question.

2) In music, as in other arts, content is achived by the artistic form's transformation of A) subject matter.

B) the audience's hearing ability.

C) sound into visual representations.

D) musical talent.

3)

The playing of one or more motives, themes, or melodies against each other is called A) tempo.

B) contrast.

C) counterpoint.

D) harmony.

4)

A group of notes played in succession with a perceivable "shape"

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A) is called a melody.

B) produces harmony.

C) produces consonance.

D) produces dissonance.

5)

The dynamics of a song refers to its A) rhythm and melody.

B) consonance or dissonance.

C) loudness or softness.

D) harmonic relationship.

6)

Which of the following is representative of the sonata form?

A) rarely used musical style B) came to fruition in the seventeeth century C) often closes and open symphonies D) A-C-A

7)

Which of the following labels is used for a movement similar to a walking pace?

A) allegro B) andante C) presto D) molto allegro

8) A structure in which a refrain is repeated after contrasting episodes with a different melody is a

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A) rondo.

B) fugue.

C) symphony.

D) sonata.

9) A structure in which the melody is stated, then repeated with the first statement being played as background, as in "Row, Row, Row Your Boat," is a A) fugue.

B) sonata.

C) rondo.

D) symphony.

10)

The pattern of the sonata form is A) theme, new material, theme.

B) a series of variations on the same theme.

C) exposition, development, recapitulation.

D) ABACABA.

11)

"Allegro" means A) slow.

B) fast.

C) dance-like.

D) with feeling.

12)

What is the essence of jazz music?

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A) stylization B) improvisation C) menuetto D) formalism

SHORT ANSWER. Write the word or phrase that best completes each statement or answers the question.

13) How closely related are popular music styles to those of classical music? How does understanding classical music help in appreciating popular music?<!--Markup Copied from Habitat-->

ESSAY. Write your answer in the space provided or on a separate sheet of paper.

14) Explain why George Gershwin'sRhapsody in Blue is a "rhapsody" and why it could be "blue."

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Answer Key Test name: Chap 09_11e_ Jacobus 1) [A, C] 2) A 3) C 4) A 5) C 6) C 7) B 8) A 9) A 10) C 11) B 12) B 13) Answers will vary.

14) Answers will vary

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CHAPTER 10 MULTIPLE CHOICE - Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question.

1) The origins of which of the following are traced to the early seventeenth century, when dancers performed interludes between scenes of an opera?

A) modern dance B) social dance C) ballet D) court dance

2)

Which of the following can be traced to innovatorsIsadora Duncan and Ruth St. Denis?

A) modern dance B) social dance C) ballet D) court dance

3)

Which of the following is based largely on African American spirituals and experience?

A) Swan Lake B) New Dance C) Revelations D) Medea

4)

Whose specialty involves placing moving bodies into acrobatic positions?

A) Mark Morris Dance Group B) the Pilobolus company C) Twyla Tharp D) Martha Graham

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5)

How do states of mind differ from feelings?

A) They are more transient.

B) Unlike feelings, they are synonymous with passions.

C) They are more enduring.

D) They cannot be pretexts for dance.

6) Founded by Martha Graham and taken over by Ohad Naharin, which company is respected for its imaginative and risk-taking approach to dance?

A) Momix B) Mark Morris C) Batsheva D) Alvin Ailey

7)

Which of the following is a characteristic of social dance?

A) It often has a religious purpose.

B) It often has a practical purpose.

C) It is a form of recreation.

D) It is more stylized and less openly energetic than the court dance.

8) Which of the following has been particularly successful in founding a school of modern dance that focuses on the solar plexus and the rhythms of heartbeat and pulse?

A) Mark Morris Dance Group B) Pilobolus C) Twyla Tharp D) Martha Graham

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9) Which of the following court dances was a favorite at Queen Elizabeth's court in the sixteenth century?

A) allemande B) minuet C) pavane D) volta

10) Rain dances in the American Southwest performed for tourists are examples of which type of dance?

A) court B) social C) ritual D) ballet

11)

Which of the following is true about Isadora Duncan?

A) She felt that the emphasis of ballet should be on the movement of the arms and legs.

B) The dances she developed were built mainly on narrative pretexts.

C) She rebelled against the stylization of ballet practiced by the early Greek dancers.

D) She often danced in bare feet.

12)

The origin of the ballet goes back to the A) early seventeenth century.

B) Middle Ages.

C) Renaissance.

D) nineteenth century.

13)

Which of the following is true about Swan Lake?

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A) It was highly unconventional for the Romantic Age in which it was conceived.

B) It had archetypal overtones.

C) It had no pretext.

D) Its music wascomposed by Stravinsky.

14)

In Act I ofSwan Lake, what is the dance with Prince Siegfried and two maids called?

A) pas de deux B) pas de trois C) arabesque D) bourrée

ESSAY. Write your answer in the space provided or on a separate sheet of paper.

15) Discuss a specific modern dance from the text. In what ways does the dance differ from its predecessor, ballet? In what ways is it similar? Be specific and thorough.

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Answer Key Test name: Chap 10_11e_ Jacobus 1) C 2) A 3) C 4) B 5) C 6) C 7) C 8) D 9) D 10) C 11) D 12) A 13) B 14) B 15) Answers will vary

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CHAPTER 11 MULTIPLE CHOICE - Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question.

1) One of the complaints about pictorialism is that it was A) limited in depth of field.

B) emotionally shallow.

C) too symmetrical.

D) an interesting social document, but not a work of art.

2)

Baudelaire thought photography was "art's most mortal enemy" because A) from the moment photography was invented, painting was dead.

B) photography could record only visual records, not something of a man's soul.

C) as a product of the imagination, the photograph could not adequately represent reality.

D) the camera could record precisely what was before the lens.

3)

Which best describes the early pictorialist photographer's treatment of details?

A) apply critical depth of field B) subordinate details to structure C) capture bright, bold colors.

D) reveal true emotion

4) Who took part in a federal program to give photographers work during the Great Depression?

A) Eugène Atget B) James Van Der Zee C) Dorothea Lange D) Henri Cartier-Bresson

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5)

Which best describes the subject matter of O'Sullivan's photograph,Canyon de Chelly?

A) permanence B) Native American ritual C) light and shadow D) transformation

6)

What historical time does Dorothea Lange'sMigrant Mother vividly capture?

A) World War I B) the Harlem Renaissance C) the Recession D) the Great Depression

7)

Dorothea Lange and Walker Evans are exemplars of which group?

A) Documentarists B) Pictorialists C) Sentimentalists D) f/64 Group

8) The_____Blank style of modern photography has become identifiable as a rebellion against earlier movements.

A) multiflash B) digital C) daguerrotype D) snapshot

9)

Which photograph most closely resembles or suggests the composition of a painting?

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A) Alfred Stieglitz'sSun Rays, Paula B) Bruce Davidson'sOpening at the Met C) Dorothea Lange'sMigrant Mother D) Carrie Mae Weems'sUntitled (Man smoking)

10)

What is the focus of straight photography?

A) sentimentality B) beauty C) clarity D) softness

11) Which photographer developed the Zone System which allowed advanced control over the final print?

A) Edward Weston B) Ansel Adams C) Alfred Stieglitz D) Imogen Cunningham

12)

The Documentarists are especially interested in A) sharp focus.

B) "the decisive moment."

C) soft focus.

D) symbolic meanings.

13)

Lorraine O'Grady uses what kind of photography?

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A) pictorialism B) straight photography C) digital photography D) documentary

14)

What is the method of photography that Ansel Adams is known for?

A) the fine print B) pictorialism C) composition D) interesting social statements

15)

What group did Edward Weston belong to?

A) Pictorialists B) Documentarists C) ƒ/64 Group D) Snapshot

ESSAY. Write your answer in the space provided or on a separate sheet of paper.

16) Explain in detail what makesAlfred Stieglitz'sPaula a pictorialist photograph. Be sure to use examples and specific language.

17) Examine the photographs by Walker Evans, Henri Cartier-Bresson, and Bruce Davidson.

What are the characteristics of the best snapshot photographs? What have these three images got in common? What are their differences?

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Answer Key Test name: Chap 11_11e_ Jacobus 1) B 2) B 3) B 4) C 5) A 6) D 7) A 8) D 9) A 10) C 11) B 12) B 13) C 14) A 15) C 16) Answers will vary 17) Answers will vary.

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CHAPTER 12 MULTIPLE CHOICE - Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question.

1) Which of the following moves abruptly from one shot to the next, with no preparation and often with a shock?

A) continuity cut B) jump cut C) dissolve D) fade

2)

Two early film directors who did their own editing were A) Serge Eisenstein and D. W. Griffith.

B) George Clooney and Angelina Jolie.

C) Lee Jacobus and Regina Barreca.

D) Ridley Scott and Janet Leigh.

3)

During the silent film years, films usually were shown A) in a theater that was completely silent.

B) to the accompaniment of carefully coordinated music.

C) while a narrator contributed a running explanation.

D) with the dialogue being read by live actors in the theater.

4)

Who puts the shots in order after filming of a movie is finished?

A) the director B) the producer C) the editor D) the scriptwriter

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5) Which of the following films used a setting during the Vietnam War with exceptionally effective sound?

A) Apocalypse Now B) Saving Private Ryan C) Rain Man D) Empire of the Sun

6) Francis Ford Coppola's film_____Blank centers around an Italian-American Mafia family inititally centered in New York City in the years after the Second World War. A) The Shape of Water B) The Deer Hunter C) Casablanca D) The Godfather

7) Which of the following films features Rick as a expatriot bar owner during the height of World War II? A) The Piano B) Do The Right Thing C) The Godfather D) Casablanca

8)

Federico Fellini's 8½ is notable for its A) use of a continuous narrative structure.

B) use of episodic streams of consciousness in the sequences.

C) creative use of sound.

D) power as a silent film.

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9) As David Cook explains in A History of Narrative Film, the complexity of subject matter in film is only rivaled by which art form?

A) photography B) architecture C) sculpture D) literature

10)

Which is a shot in which the camera moves forward, backward, or sidewise?

A) close-up B) long shot C) recessional shot D) tracking shot

11)

Which of the following is a signature of Citizen Kane?

A) novel camera angles B) crane shots C) close-ups D) hand-held shots

12)

According to the text, what makes The Godfather an impressive achievement?

A) its glorification of the mafia B) its dehumanization of its characters C) its anachronistic use of music D) its ambiguity

13)

Which of the following is preeminent in film?

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A) the moving image B) the still image C) the sound D) technical achievement

SHORT ANSWER. Write the word or phrase that best completes each statement or answers the question.

14) Discuss the central themes and content of Spike Lee's Do The Right Thing (1989).

ESSAY. Write your answer in the space provided or on a separate sheet of paper.

15) According to the text, why is the structure of Michael Cimino's The Deer Hunter both problematic and successful? Use specific detail. What allusion does Cimino use that insures the success of his film?

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Answer Key Test name: Chap 12_11e_ Jacobus 1) B 2) A 3) B 4) C 5) A 6) D Francis Ford Coppola’sThe Godfather (1972) (Figure 12-12 ) is based on Mario Puzo’s novel about Vito Corleone, an Italian immigrant fleeing from Sicilian Mafia violence. He eventually becomes a don of a huge crime family in New York City.

7) D 8) B 9) D 10) D 11) A 12) D 13) A 14) Answers will vary.

15) Answers will vary.

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CHAPTER 13 MULTIPLE CHOICE - Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question.

1) What distinguishes television from video art?

A) The moving image is not the subject matter of video art.

B) Only television uses animation.

C) Unlike television programs, video art can be viewed on video monitors, but not on a computer screen.

D) Video art is more experimental than television.

2)

Since 2000, there has been a shift in how people watch television because of A) the spread of cable service offering more choices.

B) the BBC began putting content online.

C) the rise of YouTube.

D) networks failing.

3)

Early situation comedies typically A) focused on upper-class families that audiences would want to emulate.

B) centered on the social structure of the family and the larger community.

C) lacked diversity, thus reflecting prevailing racist attitudes of the time.

D) were one hour long, rather than the half-hour format that is common today.

4)

Which of the following best describes the typical episode of a television series?

A) unpredictable B) dramatic C) self-contained D) incomplete

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5)

What is the antithesis of commercial entertainment television?

A) television serials B) video art C) network programming D) crime drama

6)

Who was the most important early video artist?

A) Nam June Paik B) Peter Campus C) Gary Hill D) Judith Barry

7) Which television series first demonstrated the power of serials in its compelling portrayal of slavery?

A) Upstairs, Downstairs B) Rich Man C) Roots D) The Sopranos

8) Which of the following artists won the International Prize at the Venice Biennale in 1999 for Electric Earth?

A) Bill Viola B) Peter Campus C) Doug Aitken D) Judith Barry

9)

Who is the most celebrated video artist working today?

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A) Bill Viola B) Peter Campus C) Doug Aitken D) Judith Barry

10)

Which of the following is true about Bill Viola's work?

A) It rejects religion and spirituality.

B) It is heavily influenced by contemporary painters.

C) It is often playful and lighthearted.

D) It makes effective use of a slow-motion technique.

11)

Which of the following helped begin the open-ended serial?

A) The Public Broadcasting System (PBS) B) The British Broadcasting System (BBC) C) Home Box Office (HBO) D) The National Broadcasting Corporation (NBC)

12)

Downton Abbey is an example of a A) situation comedy.

B) telenovela.

C) variety show.

D) historical serial.

13) Which series reflects social and political concerns of terrorism in the aftermath of the attacks on the World Trade Center in 2001?<!--Markup Copied from Habitat-->

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A) Homeland B) L.A. Law C) The Wire D) Game of Thrones

14)

Which of the following is NOT typically associated with video art?

A) sound B) a dramatic narrative line C) innovation D) unpredictable structures

15)

What differentiates The Sopranos from most gangster movies?

A) It glorifies the protagonist's mob life.

B) It often relies on cliff-hanger climaxes at the ends of episodes.

C) Because it is on television, nudity and obscene language are restricted.

D) It portrayed the protagonist as a haunted man seeing a psychiatrist.

16) Which series provides an introduction to the values and problems of the Cold War era and its aftermath?

A) The Sopranos B) The Americans C) Game of Thrones D) Downton Abbey

SHORT ANSWER. Write the word or phrase that best completes each statement or answers the question.

17) Differentiate television, film, and the video arts using examples of each.<!--Markup Copied from Habitat--> Version 1

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ESSAY. Write your answer in the space provided or on a separate sheet of paper.

18) What makes The Sopranos or The Wire effective as television series? Would they work as films? Study individual scenes and shots, and explain what the producers have done to make The Sopranos or The Wire effective on a television screen.

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Answer Key Test name: Chap 13_11e_ Jacobus 1) D 2) A 3) B 4) C 5) B 6) A 7) C 8) C 9) A 10) D 11) B 12) D 13) A 14) B 15) D 16) B 17) Answers will vary.

18) Answers will vary.

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CHAPTER 14 MULTIPLE CHOICE - Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question.

1) Which term refers to works that realistically depict easily identifiable objects and events in a pretentiously vulgar, awkward, sentimental, and often obscene manner?<!--Markup Copied from Habitat--> A) propaganda B) kitsch C) folk art D) decoration

2)

Which of the following refers to contemporary works enjoyed by the masses?

A) craftworks B) popular art C) kitsch D) propaganda

3)

Something added to enhance something else is A) propaganda.

B) kitsch.

C) craftworks.

D) decoration.

4)

Graffiti is classified as which type of the artlike?

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A) illustration B) performance art C) decoration D) idea art

5)

Duchamp's art differed from other Dadaists in its A) anticivilization content.

B) humorous undertones.

C) shock value.

D) use of chance.

6)

Which of the following is a type of idea art?

A) conceptual art B) folk art C) performance art D) shock art

7)

What was the goal of Dada art?

A) to shock with expressions of outrageous nonsense B) to deny the existence of God C) to challenge traditional approaches to shock art D) to create photo-realistic illustrations

8) Which category includes works that bring the audience into direct contact with the creative ideas of the artist?

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A) performance art B) conceptual art C) virtual art D) folk art

9) Karen Finley's use of nudity, profanity, and an alarming attack on heterosexual white males in We Keep Our Victims Ready is an example of which type of art?

A) dada B) conceptual art C) decoration D) performance art

10)

Which of the following is an example of Pop Art? A) Warhol's200 Campbell Soup Cans B) Hanson'sWoman with a Purse C) Duchamp'sL.H.O.O.Q. D) Rousseau'sThe Sleeping Gypsy

11)

Performance art differs from traditional drama in that it A) requires a stage-in-the-round.

B) avoids anti-establishment social and political views.

C) sometimes has no narrative at all.

D) lacks physicality.

12) Who is hailed as the "people's painter," yet deemed an illustrator by art critics (distinct from artist)?

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A) Marcel Duchamp B) Andrew Wyeth C) Grandma Moses D) Andy Warhol

13)

Virtual art is based on A) computer technology.

B) political views.

C) fabricated materials.

D) decoration.

14)

Christo and Jean-Claude's Wrapped Reichstag is an example of A) shock art.

B) virtual art.

C) conceptual art.

D) space art.

ESSAY. Write your answer in the space provided or on a separate sheet of paper.

15) Identify the five fundamental types of the artlike. Briefly describe each type and give an example.

16) Explain the origins of Dadaism. What did it aim to achieve? What distinctions are made between Dadaism and Duchampism? Why are these "isms" categorized as Idea Art?

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Answer Key Test name: Chap 14_11e_ Jacobus 1) B 2) B 3) D 4) C 5) B 6) A 7) A 8) B 9) D 10) A 11) C 12) B 13) A 14) C 15)1. Illustration-folk, popular, propoganda, kitsch 2. Decoration-calligraphy, geometric patterns, wallpaper 3. Idea art- Dada, Duchampism, conceptual art 4. Performance art 5. Virtual art Answers will vary 16) Answers will vary

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CHAPTER 15 MULTIPLE CHOICE - Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question.

1) In appropriation, what is the artistic process?

A) to use only the media appropriate to the artist's own art B) to mix the media of other art forms with the artist's own C) to subordinate the media of the artist's own art to another artistic medium D) None of the answers are correct.

2)

The incorporation of photography and film in contemporary opera is an example of A) interpretation.

B) relativity.

C) appropriation.

D) libretto.

3)

Which arts appropriate the most from other arts?

A) painting and photography B) music and poetry C) opera and architecture D) dance and sculpture

4)

In the arts, what is it called when a work of art uses another work of art as subject matter?

A) interpretation B) appropriation C) libretto D) isolation

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5)

Which refers to the text of an opera?

A) aria B) fugue C) libretto D) forte

6)

Beaumarchais'sMarriage of Figaro was said to have A) made marriage romantic again.

B) given Mozart his greatest compositional opportunity.

C) helped foment the French Revolution.

D) been originally composed as an opera.

7) InThe Marriage of Figaro opera, which pattern did Mozart use to intensify the emotional effects of the music by repetition?

A) libretto B) arpeggio C) pointillism D) arabesque

8)

Which of the following refers to an elaborate solo song frequently used in opera?

A) libretto B) cantata C) aria D) pianissimo

9)

Matisse's The Dance took its inspiration from

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A) a dance Matisse saw in a small fishing village.

B) one of Picasso's paintings.

C) designs by Shchukin's wife in Moscow.

D) the space in which it was painted.

10)

Ovid's Metamorphoses is built on the concept of A) love B) order C) chance D) change

11)

Henri Matisse's paintings, The Dance and Music A) offer realistic portrayals of dance and music, respectively.

B) interpret a specific artistic moment.

C) interpret the essential nature of dance and music, respectively.

D) aimed to make a political statement about dance and music, respectively.

12)

Which novella has been interpreted in both film and opera?

A) David Alfaro Siqueiros’sEcho of a Scream B) Frank Gehry's National Nederlanden C) Thomas Mann's Death in Venice D) Henri Matisse'sThe Dance

13) Which of the following artists created the images of theGreen Violinist; images upon which the popular musical dramaFiddler on the Roof based its vision?

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A) Frank Gehry B) Vincent van Gogh C) Gian Lorenzo Bernini D) Marc Chagall<!--Markup Copied from Habitat-->

14)

What does Bernini's Apollo and Daphne sculpture interpret?

A) literature B) music C) sculpture D) theater

15) Frank Gehry's National Nederlanden Building in Prague exemplifies which interpretive form?

A) architecture interprets dance B) drama interprets painting C) architecture interprets painting D) sculpture interprets dance

SHORT ANSWER. Write the word or phrase that best completes each statement or answers the question.

16) Why is Frank Gehry's Nederlanden building in Prague considered an "extraordinary interaction between the arts"? What art form does the work of architecture interpret? Which elements does it appropriate? Explain.

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ESSAY. Write your answer in the space provided or on a separate sheet of paper.

17) Analyze one of the poems that interprets Starry Night. What is the level of language?

What language evokes emotion? What images can you identify? Who is the speaker? Is there a dominant image? Does the poem seem to be a personal/emotional statement or an objective observation? Are there any allusions? Does it refer to any art other than the painting?

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Answer Key Test name: Chap 15_11e_ Jacobus 1) B 2) C 3) C 4) A 5) C 6) C 7) B 8) C 9) A 10) D 11) C 12) C 13) D 14) A 15) A 16) Answers will vary 17) Answers will vary.

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CHAPTER 16 MULTIPLE CHOICE - Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question.

1) Which discipline is defined as: the attempt to give reasoned answers to fundamental human questions that are so often ignored by the more specialized disciplines?

A) Philosophy B) History C) Theology D) Mathematics

2) What distinguishes the artist from other humanists (e.g., philosopher, historian, theologian, etc.)?

A) Artists clarify values by means of analysis.

B) Artists clarify values by artistic revelation.

C) Artists invent social concerns to clarify.

D) Artists reflect upon social values and concerns .

3)

What can art provide that cannot be expressed by data and information?

A) factual details B) emotional education C) visual clarity D) empirical evidence

4)

Studying the arts in medical school can help doctors to

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A) remain calm under pressure.

B) improve their motor skills.

C) finely hone their visual abilities.

D) develop new surgical techniques.

5)

Intrinsic value refers to A) the immediate worth or value of an object or activity.

B) the worth or value of an object independent if any subject.

C) the means to further, higher values of an object or activity.

D) norms or ideals of what an object's worth "ought to be."

6) Which type of values are described as themeans to intrinsic values, such as making money to pay for enjoyable activities?

A) extrinsic B) ethical C) factual D) normative

7) Which theoretical stance claims the object itself incites interest independently of any other subject or interest?

A) Objectivist B) Relational C) Subjectivist D) Normative

8)

Subjectivist theories of value claim that

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A) value is projected by human interest on some object or event.

B) value is in the object or event itself independently of any subject or interest.

C) value emerges from the relation between human interest and an object or event.

D) values are always set forth as norms or ideals.

9)

The relational theory of value claims that value emerges A) when a work of art is very expensive.

B) from the relation between an interest and an object.

C) from the interest the object excites.

D) when the subject is interested in the object.

10) Which type of value theory was presupposed during our study of the humanities this term?

A) Relational B) Objectivist C) Subjectivist D) Empirical

11)

The branch of philosophy that studies how values impact moral judgment is A) history.

B) ethics.

C) psychology.

D) chemistry.

12)

Normative values are set forth as

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A) norms or ideals.

B) value facts.

C) theoretical truths.

D) intrinsic-extrinsic claims.

13) Which branch of philosophy studies the creative process in the arts and the role of art in society?

A) Aesthetics B) Ethics C) Theology D) Sociology

14)

The arts are closely related to which of the other humanities?

A) history B) philosophy C) theology D) All of the answers are correct.

SHORT ANSWER. Write the word or phrase that best completes each statement or answers the question.

15) Explain the relational theory of value and how it has informed our study of the humanities during this course. Give examples to support your explanation.

16) Give an example of a work of art discussed in the textbook that you believe clarified value possibilities. Did the work influence your value decisions? To what degree? Do some arts seem more relevant than others in this respect? Explain.<!--Markup Copied from Habitat-->

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Answer Key Test name: Chap 16_11e_ Jacobus 1) A 2) B The artist clarifies values by artistic revelation; whereas the philosopher or theologian, for instance, clarifies values by means of analysis.

3) B "Art can provide an emotional understanding that data and information cannot."

4) C 5) A 6) A Extrinsic values are the means to intrinsic values.

7) A 8) A 9) B 10) A 11) B 12) A 13) A 14) D 15) Answers will vary.

16) Answers will vary.

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