CSE 551: Foundations of Algorithms - Module 3CSE 551: Foundations of Algorithms (2022 Spring)

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1. Why is Mrs. Trollope so critical of the Americans’ social equality? a. As she sojourned among what she called the "'I'm­as­good­as­you' population" of America, Fanny Trollope cogitated upon the notion of equality. Her conclusion, enough to make an American angry and a liberal Englishman squirm, was that i.

the theory of equality may be very daintily discussed by English gentlemen in a London diningroom, when the servant, having placed a fresh bottle of cool wine on the table, respectfully shuts the door, and leaves them to their walnuts and their wisdom; but it will be found less palatable when it presents itself in the shape of a hard, greasy paw, and is claimed in accents that breathe less of freedom than of onions and whiskey. [Domestic Manners, 109]

b. One would assume that inequality is unequal whether one imbibes whisky or wine.

Expanding upon her views of equality, Mrs. Trollope found little of merit in the notion that, in America, a woodcutter's son could become a member of Congress. i.

Any man's son may become the equal of any other man's son, and the consciousness of this is certainly a spur to exertion; on the other hand, it is also a spur to that coarse familiarity, untempered by any shadow of respect, which is assumed by the grossest and the lowest in their intercourse with the highest and most refined. This is a positive evil, and, I think, more than balances its advantages.[109]

c. In having thrown off the yoke of Great Britain, Americans relinquished

her glorious institutions as well, in exchange for what Mrs. Trollope could only see as lawlessness: i.

2.

They knew not, they cared not, for her kings nor her heroes; their thriftiest trader was their noblest man; the holy seats of learning were but the cradles of superstition; the splendour of the aristocracy, but a leech that drew their "golden blood." The wealth, the learning, the glory of Britain, was to them nothing; the having their own way every thing. ii. Can any blame their wish to obtain it? Can any lament that they succeeded? iii. And now the day was their own, what should they do next? Their elders drew together, and said, "Let us make a government that shall suit us all; let it be rude, and rough, and noisy; let it not affect either dignity, glory, or splendour; let it interfere with no man's will, nor meddle with any man's business; let us have neither tithes nor taxes, game laws, nor poor laws; let every man have a hand in making the laws, and no man be troubled about keeping them; let not our magistrates wear purple, nor our judges ermine; if a man grow rich, let us take care that his grandson be poor, and then we shall all keep equal; let every man take care of himself, and if England should come to bother us again, why then we will fight altogether" [323].

Why is Mrs. Trollope so critical about the place of women in American society? a. In Domestic Manners of the Americans, Trollope demonstrates how domesticity serves to

separate women from the public, and sequester them within the home. However, Trollope does not view this domesticity positively. In America, men and women are divided in every aspect of life. Women’s acceptance of their domestic role is dictated by the virtue of submissiveness. Their submissiveness guarantees that women will strive to maintain the other female virtues. b. In a lengthy description of one young middle-class married woman’s typical day, Trollope shows that even within the bond of marriage, interaction between men and women is commonly reduced to two daily meetings: One at breakfast, in which, “she eats her fried ham and her salt fish, and drinks her coffee in silence, while her husband reads one newspaper, and puts another under his elbow,” and another at dinner, when, “he comes, shakes hands with her, spits, and dines. The conversation is not much, and ten minutes suffices for the dinner” (218-9).

This account displays a lack of physical or emotional connection between the sexes. American men show very little regard for their 9 wives and daughters and there certainly does not exist any companionship between man and woman. Instead, men leave the home and head into the public realm seeking companionship with other men. Left to themselves, women have nothing outside of domestic duties to occupy them. In her discussion of domesticity and the seclusion of women within the home, Trollope suggests that their position is dangerous because when women are isolated and idle, their uneducated minds may wander where they like. She

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suggests that this hazardous situation could be averted if women’s minds were trained, and could be occupied by some productive pursuit. More than anything, Trollope is bothered by the lack of intellectual occupation for women of all classes. Women are not encouraged into intellectual pursuits. Many of the more affluent ladies, such as the one described above, have hired help to perform domestic duties such as cooking and cleaning. Thus, the affluent women have no duties with which to fill their days. In families of the lower classes, women must attend to household chores, but are not encouraged to take themselves beyond domestic matters.

One account of lower class females likens them to slaves and demonstrates the impossibility of education 3. Why is Mrs. Trollope so critical of American religious habits? a.

Inspecting a religious camp­meeting, Mrs. Trollope found it resonant with sexual overtones.

She described distorted figures lying on the floor and wailing convulsively in the throes of evangelical fervor, whilst opportunistic preachers offered succor with caressing touches: i.

4.

Many of these wretched creatures were beautiful young females. The preachers moved about among them, at once exciting and soothing their agonies. I heard the muttered "Sister! Dear sister!" I saw the insidious lips approach the cheeks of the unhappy girls; I heard the murmured confessions of the poor victims, and I watched their tormentors, breathing into their ears consolations that tinged the pale cheek with red. Had I been a man, I am sure I should have been guilty of some rash act of interference; nor do I believe that such a scene could have been acted in the presence of Englishmen without instant punishment being inflicted [144].

b. She thought that the scene happening in front of her would have never been legal in England. c. The preacher was seen as godly by these followers which the didn’t see as right d. Was with mrs.b e. Methodist preacher Why is Mrs. Trollope so critical of American slavery a. She “let England with feelings so strongly opposed to slavery, that it was not without great pain I witnessed its existence around me” (7) b. She did not agree with slavery and felt the sorrow of “every negro man, woman, and child that passed me.” c. She believes that until slavery is abolished America should not have a claim to freedom or be known as the land of equal opportunity because it is not true. Slaves are not free. d. English people feel pain when they hear the words “all men are born equal and free” e. New York has freed black men. They seem truly happy there. “Not even in Philidelphia where the antislavery opinions have been the most active and violent, so the blacks appear to wear an air of so much consequence as they do at New York” (309). She believes that New York is the ideal place for any black person because ethey have chapels and theaters. In these theaters only blacks can preform and if a white man comes all he can do is sit and watch. f. Has often met groups of negores in New York who are dressed very well and compares them white men in similar circumstances.

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