Clinically_Oriented_Anatomy_8th_Edition_Moore, Arthur, Anne TEST BANK

Chapter 1 Overview and Basic Concepts MULTIPLE CHOICE. Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question.

1) What is a vertical section through the body, dividing it into anterior and posterior regions called?

A) transverse

B) sagittal

C) median

D) frontal

Answer: D Explanation: A ) B) C) D) 2) One of the functional characteristics of life is irritability. This refers to A) the nervous system causing all living things to sometimes experience anger B) sensing changes in the environment and then reacting or responding to them C) the necessity for all organisms to reproduce D) indigestible food residues stimulating the excretory system

Answer: B Explanation:

2

. 2)

1)

A ) B) C) D) 3) Which of the following describes a parasagittal plane?

A) two cuts dividing the body into left and right halves B) a transverse cut just above the knees C) any sagittal plane except the median D) any cut dividing the body into anterior and posterior

3)

Answer: C Explanation: A ) B) C) D) 4) Which one of the following systems responds to environmental stimuli?

A) nervous B) lymphatic C) immune D) muscular

Answer: A Explanation: A )

3

4)

B) C) D) 5) The cavities housing the eyes are called A) cranial B) nasal

_ cavities.

C) orbital

Answer: C Explanation: A ) B) C) D)

4

5) D) frontal

6) If you consider your home air conditioner in terms of homeostasis, then the wall

thermostat would be the _.

A) control center B) effector Answer: A Explanation: A ) B) C) D)

C) receptor

7) The dorsal body cavity is the site of which of the following?

A) intestines B) liver C) lungs

6)

D) variable

7) D) brain

Answer: D Explanation: A ) B) C) D) 8) Choose the anatomical topic and definition that is not correctly matched.

A) Cytology: study of the structures in a particular region.

B) Gross anatomy: study of structures visible to the eye.

C) Embryology: study of the changes in an individual from conception to birth.

D) Microscopic anatomy: study of structures too small to be seen by the naked eye.

8)

Answer: A Explanation: A ) B) C) D) 9) The term pollex refers to the .

A) calf B) thumb

9) C) fingers

D) great toe

Answer: B Explanation: A ) B) C) D) 10) The study of the heart may incorporate many aspects of anatomy but as a whole you

would say it is anatomy. developmental A)

B) microscopic

C) systemic 5

D) gross

A n s w e

10)

r: D Explanation: A ) B) C) D)

6

11) What is the posterior side of the patella called?

A) popliteal B) crural C) antecubital

11) D) sural

Answer: A Explanation: A ) B) C) D) 12) Which of these is not part of the dorsal cavity?

A) cranial cavity B) spinal cord

12) C) thoracic cavity

D) vertebral cavity

Answer: C Explanation: A ) B) C) D) 13) An increased rate of breathing as a result of an increased buildup of carbon

13)

dioxide in the bloodstream would be best described as an example of _ .

A) metabolism B) responsiveness C) maintaining boundaries D) excretion of metabolic waste Answer: D Explanation: A ) B) C) D)

14) The anatomical position is used .

A) only when a body is lying down B) rarely, because people don't usually assume this position C) as a standard reference point for directional terms regardless of the actual

14)

position of the body D) as the most comfortable way to stand when dissecting a specimen Answer: C Explanation: A ) B) C) D) 15) Which of the following organs or structures would be found in the left iliac region?

A) stomach B) appendix C) liver D) intestines 7

15)

Answer: D Explanation: A ) B) C) D)

8

16) An oblique cut is one that is cut .

A) vertical right and left B) perpendicular to vertical and horizontal C) horizontal right and left D) diagonally between the vertical and horizontal

16)

Answer: D Explanation: A ) B) C) D) 17) What is the specific name for the hip region?

A) coxal B) manus

17) C) pedal

D) inguinal

Answer: A Explanation: A ) B) C) D) 18) Which of the following describes the operation of the heart and blood vessels?

A) systemic anatomy B) cardiovascular physiology

C) systemic physiology Answer: D Explanation: A ) B) C) D)

18)

D) cardiovascular anatomy

19) Choose the following statement that is not completely correct regarding serous membranes. 19) A) Serous membranes are divided into parietal and visceral membranes with a

potential space between the two.

B) Visceral pericardium covers the surface of the heart, and parietal pericardium

lines the walls of the heart.

C) Serous membranes secrete a watery lubricating fluid.

D) Serosa are very thin, double- layeredstructures.

Answer: B Explanation: A ) B) C) D) 8 20) The single most abundant chemical substance of the body, accounting for 60% to

0 9

% of body weight, is _ A) protein Answer: C Explanation: A ) B) C) D)

.

B) oxygen

20) C) water

10

D) hydrogen

21) What is the main, general purpose of negative feedback?

A) to regulate excretion B) to maintain homeostasis

C) to control all bodysystem tissues Answer: B Explanation: A ) B) C) D)

21)

D) to keep the body's sugar high

22) Homeostasis is the condition in which the body maintains .

A) a relatively stable internal environment, within limits B) a dynamic state within an unlimited range C) the lowest possible energy usage D) a static state with no deviation from preset points

22)

Answer: A Explanation: A ) B) C) D) 23) Which body cavity protects the nervous system?

A) dorsal B) cranial C) thoracic

23) D) vertebral

Answer: A Explanation: A ) B) C) D) 24)

cavities are spaceswithin joints.

B) Oral Answer: C Explanation: A ) B) C) D)

24)

A) Orbital

C) Synovial

D) Nasal

25) Which of the following imaging devices would best localize a tumor in a person's brain? 25) A) DSA B) MRI C) X ray D) PET

Answer: B Explanation: A ) B) 11

C) D) 26) A structure that is composed of two or more tissues would be a(n) A) organ system B) complex tissue C) organ

Answer: C Explanation: A ) B) C) D)

12

. 26) D) complex cell

27) Average body temperature is _

degrees centigrade.

27) A) 68 B) 47 D) 98

37 Answer: C Explanation:

C)

A ) B) C) D) 28) The parietal pleural would represent a serous membrane .

A) covering individual lungs B) covering the heart

C) lining the thoracic cavity Answer: C Explanation: A ) B) C) D)

28)

D) lining the abdominal cavity

29) A good example of a positive feedback mechanism would be _ A) regulating glucose levels in the blood B) enhancement of labor contractions

C) body temperature regulation Answer: B Explanation: A ) B) C) D)

D) blood calcium level regulation

30) Place the following in correct sequencefrom simplest to most complex:

molecules atoms tissues cells organ A) 2- 1- 3- 4- 5 Answer: C Explanation: A ) B) C) D)

. 29)

1.

2.

3.

4.

5.

B) 1- 2- 4- 3- 5

C) 2- 1- 4- 3- 5

13

D) 1- 2- 3- 4- 5

30)

31) Select the most correct statement.

A) Organ systems operate independently of each other to maintain life.

B) The endocrine system is not a true structural organ system.

C) The immune system is closely associated with the lymphatic system.

D) Organ systems can be composed of cells or tissues, but not both.

Answer: C Explanation: A ) B) C) D)

14

31)

32) Which of the following statements is the most correct regarding homeostatic imbalance? 32) A) Positive feedback mechanisms are overwhelmed.

B) Negative feedback mechanisms are functioning normally.

C) It is considered the cause of most diseases.

D) The internal environment is becoming more stable.

Answer: C Explanation: A ) B) C) D) 33) What is a vertical section through the body, dividing it into left and right, called?

A) regional B) transverse C) sagittal D) frontal

33)

Answer: C Explanation: A ) B) C) D) 34) The heart lies in the _ A) pericardial

cavity.

34) B) superior mediastinal D) dorsal

C) pleural Answer: A Explanation: A ) B) C) D)

35) Which of the following would not be a functional characteristic of life?

A) maintenance of boundaries B) responsiveness to external stimuli

C) decay Answer: C Explanation:

35)

D) movement

A ) B) C) D) 36) Histology would be best defined as a study of A) cells

C) the gross structuresof the body Answer: D Explanation: A 15

.

B) cell chemistry D) tissues

36)

) B) C) D)

16

37) Which of the following are survival needs of the body?

A) nutrients, water, growth, and reproduction B) nutrients, water, atmospheric pressure, and oxygen C) nutrients, water, movement, and reproduction D) water, atmospheric pressure, growth, and movement

37)

Answer: B Explanation: A ) B) C) D) 38) The anatomical position is characterized by all of the following except A) palms turned posteriorly B) body erect

C) thumbs pointed laterally Answer: A Explanation: A ) B) C) D)

. 38)

D) arms at sides

39) Which of the following statements is true concerning feedback mechanisms?

39) A) Negative feedback mechanisms work to prevent sudden severe changes within the body.

B) Positive feedback mechanisms always result in excessive damage to the host.

C) Blood glucose levels are regulated by positive feedback mechanisms.

D) Negative feedback mechanisms tend to increase the original stimulus.

Answer: A Explanation: A ) B) C) D) 40) In which cavities are the lungs located?

A) mediastinum, thoracic, and ventral

40) B) pleural, ventral, and thoracic D) pericardial, ventral, and thoracic

C) pleural, dorsal, and abdominal Answer: B Explanation: A ) B) C) D)

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Ans wer Key Testn ame: C1

1) D 2) B 3) C 4) A 5) C 6) A 7) D 8) A 9) B 10) D 11) A 12) C 13) D 14) C 15) D 16) D 17) A 18) D 19) B 20) C 21) B 22) A 23) A 24) C 25) B 26) C 27) C 28) C 29) B 30) C 31) C 32) C 33) C 34) A 35) C 36) D 37) B 38) A 39) A 40) B

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Chapter 2 Back Multiple Choice Questions 1. There are enter and leave.

A. two B. three C. four D. five E. six

enlargements of the spinal cord where nerves supplying theextremities

Bloom's Level: 1. Remember HAPS Objective: H10.01 Describe the gross anatomy of the spinal cord and spinal nerves and specify their location relative to the anatomy of the skeletal system.

HAPS Objective: H10.02 Identify the anatomical features seen in a cross sectional view of the spinal cord. Learning Outcome: 12.01A. Describe the general structure of the spinal cord.

Section: 12.01 Type: Study Guide

2. The spinal cord A. controls the reticular activating system.

B. stores reflexive memory.

C. forms memory engrams.

D. links the peripheral nervous system to the brain.

E. is characterized by conscious activity.

Bloom's Level: 1. Remember HAPS Objective: H03.01 List the parts of the nervous system that constitute the central nervous system (CNS) and those that constitute the peripheral nervous system (PNS).

HAPS Objective: H10.01 Describe the gross anatomy of the spinal cord and spinal nerves and specify their location relative to the anatomy of the skeletal system.

Learning Outcome: 12.01A. Describe the general structure of the spinal cord. Section: 12.01 Type: Study Guide

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3. The spinal cord begins at the A. cerebellum.

B. medulla oblongata.

C. foramen magnum.

D. conus medullaris E. 1st cervical vertebrae.

Bloom's Level: 1. Remember HAPS Objective: H10.01 Describe the gross anatomy of the spinal cord and spinal nerves and specify their location relative to the anatomy of the skeletal system.

Learning Outcome: 12.01A. Describe the general structure of the spinal cord. Section: 12.01 Type: Study Guide 4. The conus medullaris A. anchors the spinal cord to the coccyx.

B. is a tapered, cone like region immediately inferior to the lumbar enlargement.

C. marks the exit of nerves to the upper extremity.

D. is located adjacent to the foramen magnum.

E. is inferior to the cauda equina.

Bloom's Level: 1. Remember HAPS Objective: H10.01 Describe the gross anatomy of the spinal cord and spinal nerves and specify their location relative to the anatomy of the skeletal system.

HAPS Objective: H10.02 Identify the anatomical features seen in a cross sectional view of the spinal cord. Learning Outcome: 12.01A. Describe the general structure of the spinal cord.

Section: 12.01 Type: Study Guide

5. The spinal cord ends at the A. sacrum.

B. coccyx.

C. 5th lumbar vertebrae.

D. 2nd lumbar vertebrae.

Bloom's Level: 1. Remember HAPS Objective: H08.02 Identify the meninges and describe their functional relationship to the brain and cranial bones.

HAPS Objective: H10.01 Describe the gross anatomy of the spinal cord and spinal nerves and specify their location relative to the anatomy of the skeletal system.

Learning Outcome: 12.01A. Describe the gene1ra8 l structure of the spinal cord. Section: 12.01 Type: Study Guide

6. The thickest of the meninges is the A. pia mater.

B. arachnoid mater.

C. subdural space.

D. subarachnoid space.

E. dura mater.

Bloom's Level: 1. Remember HAPS Objective: H08.02 Identify the meninges and describe their functional relationship to the brain and cranial bones.

HAPS Objective: H08.03 Describe the functions of cerebrospinal fluid, as well as the details of its production, its circulation within the central nervous system, and its ultimate reabsorption into the bloodstream.

HAPS Objective: H08.04 Describe the structural basis for, and the importance of the blood brain barrier.

HAPS Objective: H10.01 Describe the gross anatomy of the spinal cord and spinal nerves and specify their location relative to the anatomy of the skeletal system.

HAPS Objective: H10.02 Identify the anatomical features seen in a cross sectional view of the spinal cord.

Learning Outcome: 12.01B. Name the meninges (sing. meninx) and their related spaces surrounding the spinal cord. Section: 12.01 Type: Study Guide

7. The sac surrounding the spinal cord is the A. dural sac.

B. meningeal sac.

C. thecal sac.

D. epidural sac.

Bloom's Level: 1. Remember HAPS Objective: H08.02 Identify the meninges and describe their functional relationship to the brain and cranial bones.

HAPS Objective: H08.03 Describe the functions of cerebrospinal fluid, as well as the details of its production, its circulation within the central nervous system, and its ultimate reabsorption into the bloodstream.

HAPS Objective: H08.04 Describe the structural basis for, and the importance of the blood brain barrier.

HAPS Objective: H10.01 Describe the gross anatomy of the spinal cord and spinal nerves and specify their location relative to the anatomy of the skeletal system.

HAPS Objective: H10.02 Identify the anatomical features seen in a cross sectional view of the spinal cord.

Learning Outcome: 12.01B. Name the meninges (sing. meninx) and their related spaces surrounding the spinal cord. Section: 12.01 Type: Study Guide

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8. The middle, thin, spider-like meninx is the A. dura mater.

B. pia mater.

C. ectomater.

D. arachnoid mater.

Bloom's Level: 1. Remember HAPS Objective: H08.02 Identify the meninges and describe their functional relationship to the brain and cranial bones.

HAPS Objective: H08.03 Describe the functions of cerebrospinal fluid, as well as the details of its production, its circulation within the central nervous system, and its ultimate reabsorption into the bloodstream.

HAPS Objective: H08.04 Describe the structural basis for, and the importance of the blood brain barrier.

HAPS Objective: H10.01 Describe the gross anatomy of the spinal cord and spinal nerves and specify their location relative to the anatomy of the skeletal system.

HAPS Objective: H10.02 Identify the anatomical features seen in a cross sectional view of the spinal cord.

Learning Outcome: 12.01B. Name the meninges (sing. meninx) and their related spaces surrounding the spinal cord. Section: 12.01 Type: Study Guide

9. What space, found between the vertebral wall and the dura mater, is the area for injecting anesthesia for childbirth?

A. subarachnoid space B. subdural space C. epidural space D. epipial space Bloom's Level: 1. Remember HAPS Objective: H08.02 Identify the meninges and describe their functional relationship to the brain and cranial bones.

HAPS Objective: H08.03 Describe the functions of cerebrospinal fluid, as well as the details of its production, its circulation within the central nervous system, and its ultimate reabsorption into the bloodstream.

HAPS Objective: H08.04 Describe the structural basis for, and the importance of the blood brain barrier.

HAPS Objective: H09.04 Describe the location of the cranial nerve nuclei and the ganglia associated with the cranial nerves.

HAPS Objective: H10.01 Describe the gross anatomy of the spinal cord and spinal nerves and specify their location relative to the anatomy of the skeletal system.

Learning Outcome: 12.01B. Name the meninges (sing. meninx) and their related spaces surrounding the spinal cord. Section: 12.01 Type: Study Guide

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10. During a spinal tap, cerebrospinal fluid is obtained from which of the following locations?

A. dural sinus B. epidural space C. subarachnoid space D. subdural space E. sagittal sinus Bloom's Level: 1. Remember HAPS Objective: H08.02 Identify the meninges and describe their functional relationship to the brain and cranial bones.

HAPS Objective: H08.03 Describe the functions of cerebrospinal fluid, as well as the details of its production, its circulation within the central nervous system, and its ultimate reabsorption into the bloodstream.

HAPS Objective: H08.04 Describe the structural basis for, and the importance of the blood brain barrier.

HAPS Objective: H10.01 Describe the gross anatomy of the spinal cord and spinal nerves and specify their location relative to the anatomy of the skeletal system.

HAPS Objective: H10.02 Identify the anatomical features seen in a cross sectional view of the spinal cord.

Learning Outcome: 12.01B. Name the meninges (sing. meninx) and their related spaces surrounding the spinal cord. Section: 12.01 Type: Study Guide

11. What structure anchors the thecal sac and conus medullaris to the coccyx?

A. filum terminale B. denticulate ligaments C. pia mater D. cauda equina Bloom's Level: 1. Remember HAPS Objective: H08.02 Identify the meninges and describe their functional relationship to the brain and cranial bones.

HAPS Objective: H08.03 Describe the functions of cerebrospinal fluid, as well as the details of its production, its circulation within the central nervous system, and its ultimate reabsorption into the bloodstream.

HAPS Objective: H08.04 Describe the structural basis for, and the importance of the blood brain barrier.

HAPS Objective: H10.01 Describe the gross anatomy of the spinal cord and spinal nerves and specify their location relative to the anatomy of the skeletal system.

HAPS Objective: H10.02 Identify the anatomical features seen in a cross sectional view of the spinal cord.

Learning Outcome: 12.01B. Name the meninges (sing. meninx) and their related spaces surrounding the spinal cord. Section: 12.01 Type: Study Guide

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12. Where is cerebrospinal fluid found around the spinal cord?

A. subdural space B. epidural space C. thecal sac D. subarachnoid space Bloom's Level: 1. Remember HAPS Objective: H08.02 Identify the meninges and describe their functional relationship to the brain and cranial bones.

HAPS Objective: H08.03 Describe the functions of cerebrospinal fluid, as well as the details of its production, its circulation within the central nervous system, and its ultimate reabsorption into the bloodstream.

HAPS Objective: H08.04 Describe the structural basis for, and the importance of the blood brain barrier.

HAPS Objective: H10.01 Describe the gross anatomy of the spinal cord and spinal nerves and specify their location relative to the anatomy of the skeletal system.

HAPS Objective: H10.02 Identify the anatomical features seen in a cross sectional view of the spinal cord.

Learning Outcome: 12.01B. Name the meninges (sing. meninx) and their related spaces surrounding the spinal cord. Section: 12.01 Type: Study Guide

13. Which of the following is false?

A. The dorsal root of the spinal cord conveys sensory (afferent) nerve impulses to thespinal cord.

B. The posterior horn of the cord contains the cell bodies of motor neurons.

C. The ventral root is formed by the axons of neurons in the lateral and anterior horns.

D. The dorsal and ventral roots unite to form spinal nerves.

E. The ventral root of the spinal cord conveys motor (efferent) nerve impulses away fromthe spinal cord.

Bloom's Level: 2. Understand HAPS Objective: H10.04 Identify the dorsal root ganglia, dorsal and ventral roots, and spinal nerves.

HAPS Objective: H10.05 Discuss how the structures root, nerve, ramus, plexus, tract and ganglion relate to one another. Learning Outcome: 12.01C. Draw and label a cross section of the spinal cord with its dorsal and ventral nerve roots.

Section: 12.01 Type: Study Guide

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14. The ventral root of a spinal nerve contains A. only sensory fibers.

B. only motor fibers.

C. only afferent fibers.

D. both sensory and motor fibers.

E. a ganglion.

Bloom's Level: 1. Remember HAPS Objective: H10.04 Identify the dorsal root ganglia, dorsal and ventral roots, and spinal nerves.

HAPS Objective: H10.05 Discuss how the structures root, nerve, ramus, plexus, tract and ganglion relate to one another. Learning Outcome: 12.01C. Draw and label a cross section of the spinal cord with its dorsal and ventral nerve roots.

Section: 12.01 Type: Study Guide

15. The sensory root of a spinal nerve is also referred to as A. anterior root.

B. dorsal root.

C. efferent root.

D. ventral root.

E. lateral root.

Bloom's Level: 1. Remember HAPS Objective: H10.04 Identify the dorsal root ganglia, dorsal and ventral roots, and spinal nerves.

HAPS Objective: H10.05 Discuss how the structures root, nerve, ramus, plexus, tract and ganglion relate to one another. Learning Outcome: 12.01C. Draw and label a cross section of the spinal cord with its dorsal and ventral nerve roots.

Section: 12.01 Type: Study Guide

16. The motor root of a spinal nerve is also referred to as the A. afferent root.

B. dorsal root.

C. posterior root.

D. ventral root.

E. sensory root.

Bloom's Level: 1. Remember HAPS Objective: H10.04 Identify the dorsal root ganglia, dorsal and ventral roots, and spinal nerves.

HAPS Objective: H10.05 Discuss how the struc2t3ures root, nerve, ramus, plexus, tract and ganglion relate to one another. Learning Outcome: 12.01C. Draw and

label a cross section of the spinal cord with its dorsal and ventral nerve roots.

Section: 12.01 Type: Study Guide

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17. The cross-sectional view of the spinal cord reveals white matter on the A. inside, gray matter on the outside, and a dorsal motor root.

B. outside, gray matter on the inside, and a ventral motor root.

C. inside, gray matter on the outside, and a dorsal sensory root.

D. outside, gray matter on the inside, and a ventral sensory root.

Bloom's Level: 1. Remember HAPS Objective: H10.02 Identify the anatomical features seen in a cross sectional view of the spinal cord.

HAPS Objective: H10.03 Contrast the relative position of gray matter and white matter in the spinal cord with the corresponding arrangement of gray and white matter in the brain.

Learning Outcome: 12.01C. Draw and label a cross section of the spinal cord with its dorsal and ventral nerve roots. Section: 12.01 Type: Study Guide 18. In the spinal cord, white matter is organized into A. horns and the gray matter into columns.

B. horns and the gray matter into roots.

C. columns and the gray matter into horns.

D. columns and the gray matter into tracts.

Bloom's Level: 1. Remember HAPS Objective: H10.02 Identify the anatomical features seen in a cross sectional view of the spinal cord.

HAPS Objective: H10.03 Contrast the relative position of gray matter and white matter in the spinal cord with the corresponding arrangement of gray and white matter in the brain.

Learning Outcome: 12.01C. Draw and label a cross section of the spinal cord with its dorsal and ventral nerve roots. Section: 12.01 Type: Study Guide

19. What structure makes the dorsal root different from the ventral root?

A. The dorsal root has a ganglion.

B. The dorsal root has a tract.

C. The dorsal root has a nucleus.

D. The dorsal root appears the same as the ventral root.

Bloom's Level: 1. Remember HAPS Objective: H10.02 Identify the anatomical features seen in a cross sectional view of the spinal cord. HAPS Objective: H10.04 Identify the dorsal root ganglia, dorsal and ventral roots, and spinal nerves.

HAPS Objective: H10.05 Discuss how the structures root, nerve, ramus, plexus, tract and ganglion relate to one another. Learn2i5ng Outcome: 12.01C. Draw and label a cross section of the spinal cord with its dorsal and ventral nerve roots.

Section:

12.01 Type: Study Guide

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20. What is found in the dorsal root ganglion?

A. The cell bodies of multipolar motor neurons.

B. The cell bodies of pseudo-unipolar sensory neurons.

C. The cell bodies of multipolar interneurons.

D. The cell bodies of bipolar sensory neurons.

Bloom's Level: 1. Remember HAPS Objective: H10.04 Identify the dorsal root ganglia, dorsal and ventral roots, and spinal nerves.

HAPS Objective: H10.05 Discuss how the structures root, nerve, ramus, plexus, tract and ganglion relate to one another. Learning Outcome: 12.01C. Draw and label a cross section of the spinal cord with its dorsal and ventral nerve roots.

Section: 12.01 Type: Study Guide

21. What is found the lateral gray horns of the spinal cord?

A. The cell bodies of somatic motor neurons.

B. The cell bodies of sensory neurons.

C. The cell bodies of autonomic motor neurons.

D. The cell bodies of somatic sensory neurons.

Bloom's Level: 1. Remember HAPS Objective: H10.04 Identify the dorsal root ganglia, dorsal and ventral roots, and spinal nerves.

HAPS Objective: H10.05 Discuss how the structures root, nerve, ramus, plexus, tract and ganglion relate to one another. Learning Outcome: 12.01C. Draw and label a cross section of the spinal cord with its dorsal and ventral nerve roots.

Section: 12.01 Type: Study Guide

22. Structurally, the simplest reflex is the A. stretch reflex.

B. Golgi tendon reflex.

C. reciprocal reflex.

D. alternating reflex.

E. withdrawal reflex.

Bloom's Level: 1. Remember HAPS Objective: H11.02 Describe reflex responses in terms of the major structural and functional components of a reflex arc.

HAPS Objective: H11.05 Describe a stretch reflex, a flexor (withdrawal) reflex, and a crossed-extensor reflex, and name all components of each reflex arc.

HAPS Objective: H11.06 Demonstrate a stretc2h7reflex (e.g., patellar or plantar).

Learning Outcome: 12.02B. Compare and contrast the features of a stretch reflex, a Golgi tendon reflex, a withdrawal reflex, and a crossed extensor reflex

Section: 12.02 Type: Study Guide

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23. Reflex arcs A. are capable of receiving a stimulus and yielding a response.

B. are the basic structural units of the nervous system.

C. occur primarily in the cerebral cortex of the brain.

D. involve inhibitory neurons.

E. do not involve the spinal cord.

Bloom's Level: 1. Remember HAPS Objective: H11.02 Describe reflex responses in terms of the major structural and functional components of a reflex arc. Learning Outcome: 12.02A. Describe the components of a monosynaptic and a polysynaptic reflex arc.

Section: 12.02 Type: Study Guide

24. Which portion of a reflex arc is most likely to be located entirely within thecentral nervous system?

A. sensory neuron B. motor neuron C. effector cell D. interneuron E. receptor cell

Bloom's Level: 1. Remember HAPS Objective: H11.02 Describe reflex responses in terms of the major structural and functional components of a reflex arc. Learning Outcome: 12.02A. Describe the components of a monosynaptic and a polysynaptic reflex arc.

Section: 12.02 Type: Study Guide

25. Reflexes A. are homeostatic.

B. are not homeostatic.

C. are voluntary conscious responses to a stimulus.

D. are integrated in the spinal cord, but not the brain.

E. are integrated in the brain, but not the spinal cord.

Bloom's Level: 1. Remember HAPS Objective: H11.01 Define the term reflex.

HAPS Objective: H11.02 Describe reflex responses in terms of the major structural and functional components of a reflex arc. Learning Outcome: 12.02A. Describe the components of a monosynaptic and a polysyna2p9tic reflex arc.

Section:

12.02 Type: Study Guide

30

26. Reflexes function in A. removing the body from painful stimuli.

B. keeping the body from falling.

C. maintaining blood pressure.

D. maintaining blood CO2 levels.

E. All of these choices are correct.

Bloom's Level: 1. Remember HAPS Objective: H11.01 Define the term reflex.

HAPS Objective: H11.02 Describe reflex responses in terms of the major structural and functional components of a reflex arc. Learning Outcome: 12.02A. Describe the components of a monosynaptic and a polysynaptic reflex arc.

Learning Outcome: 12.02B. Compare and contrast the features of a stretch reflex, a Golgi tendon reflex, a withdrawal reflex, and a crossed extensor reflex Section: 12.02 Type: Study Guide

27. Place the following parts of a reflex arc in the correct order beginning with thesensory receptor.

(1) motor neuron (2) interneuron (3) effector (4) sensory neuron (5) sensory receptor A. 5, 1, 2, 3, 4 B. 5, 3, 2, 4, 1 C. 5, 4, 3, 2, 1 D. 5, 2, 3, 4, 1 E. 5, 4, 2, 1, 3

Bloom's Level: 2. Understand HAPS Objective: H11.02 Describe reflex responses in terms of the major structural and functional components of a reflex arc.

HAPS Objective: H11.05 Describe a stretch reflex, a flexor (withdrawal) reflex, and a crossed-extensor reflex, and name all components of each reflex arc.

Learning Outcome: 12.02A. Describe the components of a monosynaptic and a polysynaptic reflex arc. Section: 12.02 Type: Study Guide

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28. The sensory receptor of the stretch reflex is the A. Golgi tendon organ.

B. muscle spindle.

C. dorsal root ganglion.

D. collateral axon.

E. alpha motor neurons.

Bloom's Level: 1. Remember HAPS Objective: H11.05 Describe a stretch reflex, a flexor (withdrawal) reflex, and a crossed-extensor reflex, and name all components of each reflex arc.

HAPS Objective: H11.06 Demonstrate a stretch reflex (e.g., patellar or plantar).

Learning Outcome: 12.02B. Compare and contrast the features of a stretch reflex, a Golgi tendon reflex, a withdrawal reflex, and a crossed extensor reflex Section: 12.02 29. Stretch reflexes A. are learned voluntary responses.

B. aid in maintaining proper posture.

C. prevent muscles from being damaged by excessive tension.

D. cause the removal of limbs from painful stimuli.

E. prevent falling.

Bloom's Level: 1. Remember HAPS Objective: H11.05 Describe a stretch reflex, a flexor (withdrawal) reflex, and a crossed-extensor reflex, and name all components of each reflex arc.

HAPS Objective: H11.06 Demonstrate a stretch reflex (e.g., patellar or plantar).

Learning Outcome: 12.02B. Compare and contrast the features of a stretch reflex, a Golgi tendon reflex, a withdrawal reflex, and a crossed extensor reflex Section: 12.02 Type: Study Guide

32

30. Which of the following events in a stretch reflex occurs last?

A. alpha motor neurons transmit action potentials to muscle causing contraction B. muscle spindle detects stretch of muscle C. afferent neurons conduct action potentials to the spinal cord D. afferent neurons synapse with alpha motor neurons E. muscle is stretched Bloom's Level: 1. Remember HAPS Objective: H11.05 Describe a stretch reflex, a flexor (withdrawal) reflex, and a crossed-extensor reflex, and name all components of each reflex arc.

HAPS Objective: H11.06 Demonstrate a stretch reflex (e.g., patellar or plantar).

Learning Outcome: 12.02B. Compare and contrast the features of a stretch reflex, a Golgi tendon reflex, a withdrawal reflex, and a crossed extensor reflex Section: 12.02 31. Muscle spindles A. are innervated by gamma motor neurons.

B. originate in the spinal cord.

C. are specialized nerve cells.

D. are found encapsulated in nerve endings.

E. are innervated by alpha motor neurons.

Bloom's Level: 1. Remember HAPS Objective: H11.02 Describe reflex responses in terms of the major structural and functional components of a reflex arc.

HAPS Objective: H11.05 Describe a stretch reflex, a flexor (withdrawal) reflex, and a crossed-extensor reflex, and name all components of each reflex arc.

Learning Outcome: 12.02B. Compare and contrast the features of a stretch reflex, a Golgi tendon reflex, a withdrawal reflex, and a crossed extensor reflex Section: 12.02 Type: Study Guide

33

32. Muscles and glands that are capable of producing a response when stimulated bymotor neurons are called A. aponeuroses.

B. effectors.

C. neuromodulators.

D. receptors.

E. sensory organs.

Bloom's Level: 1. Remember HAPS Objective: H11.02 Describe reflex responses in terms of the major structural and functional components of a reflex arc.

HAPS Objective: H11.05 Describe a stretch reflex, a flexor (withdrawal) reflex, and a crossed-extensor reflex, and name all components of each reflex arc.

HAPS Objective: H12.02 Describe the locations and functions of the upper and lower motor neurons in a motor pathway.

HAPS Objective: H13.03 Describe examples of specific effectors dually innervated by the two branches of the autonomic nervous system and explain how each branch influences function in a given effector.

Learning Outcome: 12.02B. Compare and contrast the features of a stretch reflex, a Golgi tendon reflex, a withdrawal reflex, and a crossed extensor reflex Section: 12.02 33. The knee-jerk reflex involves which of the following?

A. sensory and motor neurons B. sensory, association and motor neurons C. sensory, motor and inhibitory interneurons D. sensory and association neurons E. the brain Bloom's Level: 1. Remember HAPS Objective: H11.02 Describe reflex responses in terms of the major structural and functional components of a reflex arc.

HAPS Objective: H11.05 Describe a stretch reflex, a flexor (withdrawal) reflex, and a crossed-extensor reflex, and name all components of each reflex arc.

HAPS Objective: H12.03 Explain how decussation occurs in sensory and motor pathways and predict how decussation impacts the correlation of brain damage and symptoms in stroke patients.

HAPS Objective: H13.06 Describe visceral reflex arcs, including structural and functional details of sensory and motor (autonomic) components.

Learning Outcome: 12.02A. Describe the components of a monosynaptic and a polysynaptic reflex arc.

Learning Outcome: 12.02B. Compare and contrast the features of a stretch reflex, a Golgi tendon reflex, a withdrawal reflex, and a crossed extensor reflex Section: 12.02

34

34. Gamma motor neurons A. are located in tendons.

B. transmit action potentials to skeletal muscle.

C. regulate the sensitivity of the muscle spindle.

D. enable the brain to perceive that a muscle has been stretched.

E. innervate the whole muscle.

Bloom's Level: 1. Remember HAPS Objective: H11.02 Describe reflex responses in terms of the major structural and functional components of a reflex arc.

HAPS Objective: H11.05 Describe a stretch reflex, a flexor (withdrawal) reflex, and a crossed-extensor reflex, and name all components of each reflex arc.

HAPS Objective: H12.03 Explain how decussation occurs in sensory and motor pathways and predict how decussation impacts the correlation of brain damage and symptoms in stroke patients.

HAPS Objective: H13.06 Describe visceral reflex arcs, including structural and functional details of sensory and motor (autonomic) components.

Learning Outcome: 12.02A. Describe the components of a monosynaptic and a polysynaptic reflex arc. Section: 12.02

35. The muscles of the back contract to straighten so that you sit at a more erect posture and subsequently the muscles are suddenly stretched as you nod off. Which of the following best represents the sequence of events when you start to nod off?

(1) muscles of the back are stretched (2) the muscle spindle is stretched (3) action potentials in sensory neurons of the muscle spindles increase (4) action potentials in alpha motor neurons of skeletal muscle fibers increase (5) skeletal muscle of the back contract A. 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 B. 1, 5, 2, 3, 4 C. 1, 5, 3, 2, 4 D. 5, 2, 3, 4, 1 E. 4, 5, 3, 2, 1 Bloom's Level: 2. Understand HAPS Objective: H12.02 Describe the locations and functions of the upper and lower motor neurons in a motor pathway.

HAPS Objective: H12.03 Explain how decussation occurs in sensory and motor pathways and predict how decussation impacts the correlation of brain damage and symptoms in stroke patients.

HAPS Objective: H13.06 Describe visceral reflex arcs, including structural and functional details of sensory and motor (autonomic) components.

Learning Outcome: 12.02A. Describe the components of a monosynaptic and a polysynaptic reflex arc.

Learning Outcome: 12.02B. Compare and contrast the features of a stretch reflex, a Golgi tendon reflex, a withdrawal reflex, and a crossed extensor reflex 35 Section: 12.02

36.

Doctor Johansson wants to test a patient's reflexes by briskly striking the patellar tendon with a reflex hammer. Which reflex is Dr. Johansson testing?

A. the Golgi tendon reflex.

B. the withdrawal reflex.

C. the knee-jerk reflex.

D. the crossed extensor reflex.

E. reciprocal innervation.

Bloom's Level: 3. Apply HAPS Objective: H11.05 Describe a stretch reflex, a flexor (withdrawal) reflex, and a crossed-extensor reflex, and name all components of each reflex arc.

HAPS Objective: H11.06 Demonstrate a stretch reflex (e.g., patellar or plantar).

Learning Outcome: 12.02B. Compare and contrast the features of a stretch reflex, a Golgi tendon reflex, a withdrawal reflex, and a crossed extensor reflex Section: 12.02 Type: Study Guide

37. The reflex that prevents excessive tension in a muscle is the A. stretch reflex.

B. withdrawal reflex.

C. Golgi tendon reflex.

D. reciprocal reflex.

E. crossed extensor reflex.

Bloom's Level: 1. Remember HAPS Objective: H11.05 Describe a stretch reflex, a flexor (withdrawal) reflex, and a crossed-extensor reflex, and name all components of each reflex arc.

Learning Outcome: 12.02B. Compare and contrast the features of a stretch reflex, a Golgi tendon reflex, a withdrawal reflex, and a crossed extensor reflex Section: 12.02

36

38.

Sam is curling very heavy weights and suddenly drops them. Which reflex forced this action by Sam to prevent tendon damage?

A. muscle spindle reflex

B. Golgi tendon reflex

C. gamma motor reflex

D. withdrawal reflex

E. alpha motor neuron reflex

Bloom's Level: 3. Apply HAPS Objective: H11.05 Describe a stretch reflex, a flexor (withdrawal) reflex, and a crossed-extensor reflex, and name all components of each reflex arc.

Learning Outcome: 12.02B. Compare and contrast the features of a stretch reflex, a Golgi tendon reflex, a withdrawal reflex, and a crossed extensor reflex Section: 12.02

37

39. Stimulation of the Golgi tendon organs result in which of the following changes inthe reflex arc?

A. stimulation of a stimulatory association neuron B. stimulation of an inhibitory neuron C. decreased action potentials in alpha motor neurons D. contraction of skeletal muscle fibers E. stimulation of an inhibitory neuron and decreased action potentials in alpha motorneurons Bloom's Level: 1. Remember HAPS Objective: H11.02 Describe reflex responses in terms of the major structural and functional components of a reflex arc.

HAPS Objective: H11.05 Describe a stretch reflex, a flexor (withdrawal) reflex, and a crossed-extensor reflex, and name all components of each reflex arc.

Learning Outcome: 12.02B. Compare and contrast the features of a stretch reflex, a Golgi tendon reflex, a withdrawal reflex, and a crossed extensor reflex Section: 12.02 40. A reflex that protects limbs by removing them from painful stimuli is the A. stretch reflex.

B. crossed extensor reflex.

C. Golgi tendon reflex.

D. alternating reflex.

E. withdrawal reflex

Bloom's Level: 1. Remember HAPS Objective: H11.05 Describe a stretch reflex, a flexor (withdrawal) reflex, and a crossed-extensor reflex, and name all components of each reflex arc.

Learning Outcome: 12.02B. Compare and contrast the features of a stretch reflex, a Golgi tendon reflex, a withdrawal reflex, and a crossed extensor reflex Section: 12.02 Type: Study Guide

41. Reciprocal innervation A. is associated with the Golgi tendon reflex.

B. stimulates antagonistic muscles.

C. results in reduced resistance to the reflex.

D. reinforces the withdrawal reflex.

E. inhibits the stretch reflex.

Bloom's Level: 1. Remember HAPS Objective: H11.05 Describe a stretch reflex, a flexor (withdrawal) reflex, and a crossed-extensor reflex, and name all compone3n8ts of each reflex arc.

Learning Outcome: 12.02B. Compare and contrast the features of a stretch reflex, a Golgi tendon reflex, a withdrawal reflex, and a crossed extensor reflex

Section: 12.02

39

42. Initiating the withdrawal reflex in both legs at the same time would cause one to A. maintain posture longer.

B. fall.

C. decrease muscle tension.

D. develop resistance in one limb and reduce resistance in the other.

E. hop.

Bloom's Level: 3. Apply HAPS Objective: H11.05 Describe a stretch reflex, a flexor (withdrawal) reflex, and a crossed-extensor reflex, and name all components of each reflex arc.

Learning Outcome: 12.02B. Compare and contrast the features of a stretch reflex, a Golgi tendon reflex, a withdrawal reflex, and a crossed extensor reflex Section: 12.02

40

43.

Because the stretch reflexes can be traced back along certain spinal nerve routes,

A. they are not used in diagnosis of brain potential brain damage.

B. they are only useful for diagnosis if there has been damage to the spinal cord.

C. it is possible to determine what level of the spinal cord may have been damaged.

D. they are only helpful when diagnosing problems in the extremities.

E. they are only helpful if the patient is conscious.

Bloom's Level: 3. Apply HAPS Objective: H11.05 Describe a stretch reflex, a flexor (withdrawal) reflex, and a crossed-extensor reflex, and name all components of each reflex arc.

Learning Outcome: 12.02B. Compare and contrast the features of a stretch reflex, a Golgi tendon reflex, a withdrawal reflex, and a crossed extensor reflex Section: 12.02

41

44. The adaptive significance of the crossed extensor reflex when a person steps on a tackis to A. remove the foot from the tack.

B. increase the rate at which withdrawal of the limb occurs.

C. slow the rate of removal of the foot from the tack.

D. reduce the pain sensations.

E. prevent the person from falling down.

Bloom's Level: 1. Remember HAPS Objective: H11.05 Describe a stretch reflex, a flexor (withdrawal) reflex, and a crossed-extensor reflex, and name all components of each reflex arc.

Learning Outcome: 12.02B. Compare and contrast the features of a stretch reflex, a Golgi tendon reflex, a withdrawal reflex, and a crossed extensor reflex Section: 12.02 45. The endoneurium A. surrounds nerve cell bodies.

B. surrounds individual axons and their Schwann cells.

C. bundles axons into fascicles.

D. bundles fascicles into nerves.

E. surrounds nerve tracts in the spinal cord.

Bloom's Level: 1. Remember HAPS Objective: H10.01 Describe the gross anatomy of the spinal cord and spinal nerves and specify their location relative to the anatomy of the skeletal system.

Learning Outcome: 12.03A. Describe the connective tissue components of a nerve. Section: 12.03 Type: Study Guide 46. The epineurium A. surrounds nerve cell bodies.

B. surrounds individual axons and their Schwann cells.

C. bundles axons into fascicles.

D. bundles fascicles into nerves.

E. bundles fascicles into axons.

Bloom's Level: 1. Remember HAPS Objective: H10.01 Describe the gross anatomy of the spinal cord and spinal nerves and specify their location relative to the anatomy of the skeletal system.

Learning Outcome: 12.03A. Describe the connective tissue components of a nerve. Section: 12.03 Type: Study Guide 42

47. The perineurium A. surrounds nerve cell bodies.

B. surrounds individual axons and their Schwann cells.

C. bundles axons into fascicles.

D. bundles fascicles into nerves.

E. bundles fascicles into axons.

Bloom's Level: 1. Remember HAPS Objective: H10.01 Describe the gross anatomy of the spinal cord and spinal nerves and specify their location relative to the anatomy of the skeletal system.

Learning Outcome: 12.03A. Describe the connective tissue components of a nerve. Section: 12.03 Type: Study Guide 48. Which of the following statements concerning the structure of spinal nerves is true?

A. The ventral root contains motor or efferent fibers.

B. The ventral root has a prominent root ganglion.

C. Rootlets from the surface of the spinal cord form the dorsal and ventral rami.

D. Each spinal nerve is formed by the union of a cranial nerve and a spinal nerve.

E. Spinal nerves do not have specific cutaneous distributions.

Bloom's Level: 2. Understand HAPS Objective: H10.01 Describe the gross anatomy of the spinal cord and spinal nerves and specify their location relative to the anatomy of the skeletal system.

HAPS Objective: H10.04 Identify the dorsal root ganglia, dorsal and ventral roots, and spinal nerves.

HAPS Objective: H10.06 List the four spinal nerve plexuses and give examples of nerves that emerge from each. Learning Outcome: 12.03B. List the number and locations of the 31 pairs of spinal nerves.

Section: 12.03

43

49. Which of the following combinations indicates the correct distribution of spinalnerve pairs?

A. 7 cervical - 12 thoracic - 6 lumbar - 5 sacral - 1 coccygeal B. 7 cervical - 12 thoracic - 5 lumbar - 6 sacral - 1 coccygeal C. 8 cervical - 12 thoracic - 6 lumbar - 4 sacral - 1 coccygeal D. 8 cervical - 12 thoracic - 5 lumbar - 5 sacral - 1 coccygeal E. 7 cervical - 13 thoracic - 6 lumbar - 5 sacral - 1 coccygeal Bloom's Level: 1. Remember HAPS Objective: H10.01 Describe the gross anatomy of the spinal cord and spinal nerves and specify their location relative to the anatomy of the skeletal system.

HAPS Objective: H10.04 Identify the dorsal root ganglia, dorsal and ventral roots, and spinal nerves.

HAPS Objective: H10.06 List the four spinal nerve plexuses and give examples of nerves that emerge from each. Learning Outcome: 12.03B. List the number and locations of the 31 pairs of spinal nerves.

Section: 12.03 Type: Study Guide

44

50.

A collapsed intervertebral foramen could affect all of the following spinal nerves EXCEPT

A. C2-C8

B. T1-T12

C. L1-L5

D. C1

Bloom's Level: 3. Apply HAPS Objective: H10.01 Describe the gross anatomy of the spinal cord and spinal nerves and specify their location relative to the anatomy of the skeletal system.

HAPS Objective: H10.04 Identify the dorsal root ganglia, dorsal and ventral roots, and spinal nerves.

HAPS Objective: H10.06 List the four spinal nerve plexuses and give examples of nerves that emerge from each. Learning Outcome: 12.03B. List the number and locations of the 31 pairs of spinal nerves.

Section: 12.03 51. There are A. eight B. twelve C. six D. five E. fourteen

cervical spinal nerves.

Bloom's Level: 1. Remember HAPS Objective: H10.01 Describe the gross an4a5 tomy of the spinal cord and spinal nerves and specify their location relative to the anatomy of the skeletal system.

HAPS Objective: H10.04 Identify the dorsal root ganglia, dorsal and ventral roots, and spinal nerves.

HAPS Objective: H10.06 List the four spinal nerve plexuses and give examples of nerves that emerge from each. Learning Outcome: 12.03B. List the number and locations of the 31 pairs of spinal nerves.

Section: 12.03

46

52.A man was in an accident and severed his spinal cord between C6 and C7. Which ofthe following would NOT occur?

A. loss of sensation in the trunk below the shoulders, the lower limbs and portions ofthe arms B. loss of use of the phrenic nerves and paralysis of the diaphragm C. loss of movement in the lower limbs D. loss of the use of the intercostals nerves, and breathing would be affected becausethe intercostals muscles would be paralyzed E. loss of sensation and movement in the jaw Bloom's Level: 3. Apply HAPS Objective: H10.01 Describe the gross anatomy of the spinal cord and spinal nerves and specify their location relative to the anatomy of the skeletal system.

HAPS Objective: H10.04 Identify the dorsal root ganglia, dorsal and ventral roots, and spinal nerves.

HAPS Objective: H10.06 List the four spinal nerve plexuses and give examples of nerves that emerge from each. Learning Outcome: 12.03B. List the number and locations of the 31 pairs of spinal nerves.

Section: 12.03

47

53.

Damage to which of these nerves would be most life-threatening?

A. median nerves

B. phrenic nerves

C. lumbar nerves

D. sciatic nerves

E. radial nerves

Bloom's Level: 3. Apply HAPS Objective: H10.01 Describe the gross anatomy of the spinal cord and spinal nerves and specify their location relative to the anatomy of the skeletal system.

HAPS Objective: H10.05 Discuss how the structures root, nerve, ramus, plexus, tract and ganglion relate to one another. HAPS Objective: H10.06 List the four spinal nerve plexuses and give examples of nerves that emerge from each.

Learning Outcome: 12.03B. List the number and locations of the 31 pairs of spinal nerves. Learning Outcome: 12.03D. Explain the branching of the spinal nerves into rami and plexuses.

Section: 12.03

48

54. The brachial plexus supplies nerves that function to contract which of the following?

A. the diaphragm B. intercostal muscles C. muscles of the arm and forearm D. muscles of the lower limb E. abdominal muscles

Chapter 3 Upper Limb Multiple Choice Questions 1.

Jasmine trips and tries to break her fall by putting her hand to the ground. The doctor informs her she has injured the joints in her wrist.

A. costocarpal joints.

B. intermetacarpal joints.

C. metacarpalphalangeal joints.

D. intercarpal joints.

E. intracarpal joints.

Bloom's Level: 3. Apply HAPS Objective: F08.01b Describe the anatomical classificationof joints, based on structure - fibrous, cartilaginous, and synovial - and provide examples of each type of joint.

Learning Outcome: 08.01E. Classify synovial joints based on the shape of the bones in the joint and give an example of each type. Section: 08.01 Type: Study Guide

2. A place where two or more bones come together is a(n) A. cavity.

B. joint.

C. contusion.

D. articulation.

E. joint and an articulation.

Bloom's Level: 1. Remember Learning Outcome: 08.01A. Describe the two systems for classifying joints. Section: 08.01 49 Type: Study Guide

3. The sagittal suture is between the A. sacrum and coxa.

B. two pubic bones.

C. atlas and axis.

D. alveolar process and tooth.

E. two parietal bones.

Bloom's Level: 1. Remember HAPS Objective: F08.01b Describe the anatomical classificationof joints, based on structure - fibrous, cartilaginous, and synovial - and provide examples of each type of joint.

Learning Outcome: 08.01B. Explain the structure of a fibrous joint, list the three types, and give examples of each type. Section: 08.01 Type: Study Guide

50

4.

Harry is told he has structural damage to his dentoalveolar joint. Where specifically is the problem area?

A. Between his sacrum and coxa.

B. At his symphysis pubis.

C. In his cervical region between the atlas and axis.

D. Between his tooth socket and tooth.

E. At the suture between the two parietal bones.

Bloom's Level: 3. Apply HAPS Objective: F08.01b Describe the anatomical classificationof joints, based on structure - fibrous, cartilaginous, and synovial - and provide examples of each type of joint.

Learning Outcome: 08.01B. Explain the structure of a fibrous joint, list the three types, and give examples of each type. Section: 08.01 Type: Study Guide

51

5.

LaTonya gets her hand caught in the car door at her knuckles. Which of these specific joints is injured?

A. radiocarpal joints

B. metacarpophalangeal joints

C. atlantoaxis joints

D. metatarsophalangeal joints

E. interphalangeal joints

Bloom's Level: 3. Apply HAPS Objective: F08.04.b For each of the six structural types of synovial joints Describe locations in the body where each structural type can be found.

Learning Outcome: 08.01E. Classify synovial joints based on the shape of the bones in the joint and give an example of each type. Section: 08.01 Type: Study Guide

52

6.

Delores is seeing a neurologist for severe inflammation in a specific type of joint. Which of these joints would be most likely to cause problems with the spinal cord?

A. cubital joint

B. glenohumeral joint

C. atlantoaxial joint

D. sternoclavicular joint

E. talocrural joint

Bloom's Level: 3. Apply HAPS Objective: F08.01a Describe the functional classification of joints, based on degree of movement allowed - synarthrotic, amphiarthrotic, and diarthrotic - and provide examples of each type of joint.

HAPS Objective: F08.04.b For each of the six structural types of synovial joints Describe locations in the body where each structural type can be found.

HAPS Objective: F08.04b Describe the locations in the body where each of the six structural types of synovial joints can be found. Learning Outcome: 08.01E. Classify synovial joints based on the shape of the bones in the joint and give an example of each type. Learning Outcome: 08.01F. Distinguish among uniaxial, biaxial, and multiaxial synovial joints.

Section: 08.01 Type: 53 Study Guide

7.

Mary Lu is experiencing pain from her sacroiliac joint. In what region of her body is she most likely feeling pain?

A. posterior pelvic region

B. anterior pelvic region

C. cervical region

D. lumbar region

E. thoracic region

Bloom's Level: 4. Analyze HAPS Objective: F08.01b Describe the anatomical classificationof joints, based on structure - fibrous, cartilaginous, and synovial - and provide examples of each type of joint.

Learning Outcome: 08.01E. Classify synovial joints based on the shape of the bones in the joint and give an example of each type. Section: 08.01 Type: Study Guide

54

8. Joints are classified according to the A. bones that are united at the joint.

B. structure of the joint.

C. size of the joint.

D. shape of the joint.

E. type of fluid in the joint.

Bloom's Level: 1. Remember HAPS Objective: F08.01b Describe the anatomical classificationof joints, based on structure - fibrous, cartilaginous, and synovial - and provide examples of each type of joint.

Learning Outcome: 08.01A. Describe the two systems for classifying joints. Section: 08.01 Type: Study Guide 9. A joint that has no joint cavity and exhibits little or no movement would be classified as a A. fibrous joint.

B. synovial joint.

C. complex joint.

D. cartilaginous joint.

E. partial joint.

Bloom's Level: 1. Remember HAPS Objective: F08.01b Describe the anatomical classificationof joints, based on structure - fibrous, cartilaginous, and synovial - and provide examples of each type of joint.

Learning Outcome: 08.01A. Describe the two systems for classifying joints. Section: 08.01 Type: Study Guide 10. Which of the following statements concerning sutures is false?

A. They may become completely immovable in adults.

B. The opposing bones in the joint interdigitate for stability.

C. The tissue between the bones is hyaline cartilage.

D. The periosteum of adjacent bones is continuous over the joint.

E. Membranes, called fontanels, are present in some sutures at birth.

Bloom's Level: 2. Understand HAPS Objective: F08.01b Describe the anatomical classificationof joints, based on structure - fibrous, cartilaginous, and synovial - and provide examples of each type of joint.

Learning Outcome: 08.01B. Explain the structure of a fibrous joint, list the three types, and give examples of each type. S5e5ction: 08.01

11. When two bones grow together across a joint to form a single bone, this is called a A. suture.

B. syndesmosis.

C. gomphosis.

D. synostosis.

E. symphysis.

Bloom's Level: 1. Remember HAPS Objective: F07.04 Compare and contrast the skull of a fetus/infant with the skull of an adult.

Learning Outcome: 08.01B. Explain the structure of a fibrous joint, list the three types, and give examples of each type. Section: 08.01

12. In a syndesmosis A. there is an osseous union between the bones of the joint.

B. the bones are held together by ligaments called interosseous membranes.

C. it is not unusual to find discs of cartilage.

D. no movement occurs.

E. there is a great range of motion.

Bloom's Level: 1. Remember HAPS Objective: F08.01b Describe the anatomical classificationof joints, based on structure - fibrous, cartilaginous, and synovial - and provide examples of each type of joint.

Learning Outcome: 08.01E. Classify synovial joints based on the shape of the bones in the joint and give an example of each type. Section: 08.01 Type: Study Guide 13.

The joint between the teeth and the mandibular alveolus is an example of a

A. suture.

B. syndesmosis.

C. gomphosis.

D. synostosis.

E. symphysis.

Bloom's Level: 1. Remember HAPS Objective: F08.01b Describe the anatomical classificationof joints, based on structure - fibrous, cartilaginous, and synovial - and provide examples of each type of joint.

Learning Outcome: 08.01B. Explain the struc5t6ure of a fibrous joint, list the three types, and give examples of each type. Section: 08.01 Type: Study Guide

14. Cartilaginous joints A. are common in the skull.

B. unite two bones by means of fibrocartilage or hyaline cartilage.

C. allow the most movement between bones.

D. are found in the lower leg.

E. are not found in the pelvic region.

Bloom's Level: 1. Remember HAPS Objective: F08.01b Describe the anatomical classificationof joints, based on structure - fibrous, cartilaginous, and synovial - and provide examples of each type of joint.

Learning Outcome: 08.01C. Contrast the two types of cartilaginous joints and give examples of each type. Section: 08.01 Type: Study Guide 15. A synchondrosis A. is a type of gomphosis.

B. is freely movable.

C. may be temporary.

D. is found in the arm.

E. is not found in a growing long bone.

Bloom's Level: 1. Remember HAPS Objective: F08.01b Describe the anatomical classificationof joints, based on structure - fibrous, cartilaginous, and synovial - and provide examples of each type of joint.

Learning Outcome: 08.01C. Contrast the two types of cartilaginous joints and give examples of each type. Section: 08.01 Type: Study Guide

57

16.

The epiphyseal plate of a growing bone is actually a temporary joint called a

A. synchondrosis.

B. synostosis.

C. syndesmosis.

D. symphysis.

E. suture.

Bloom's Level: 1. Remember HAPS Objective: F08.01b Describe the anatomical classificationof joints, based on structure - fibrous, cartilaginous, and synovial - and provide examples of each type of joint.

Learning Outcome: 08.01C. Contrast the two types of cartilaginous joints and give examples of each type. Section: 08.01 Type: Study Guide

17.

A synchondrosis contains cartilage.

A. synchronous B. fibrous C. elastic D. reticular E. hyaline Bloom's Level: 1. Remember HAPS Objective: F08.01b Describe the anatomical classificationof joints, based on structure - fibrous, cartilaginous, and synovial - and provide examples of each type of joint.

Learning Outcome: 08.01C. Contrast the two types of cartilaginous joints and give examples of each type. Section: 08.01 Type: Study Guide

58

18. An example of a symphysis is the A. elbow joint.

B. temporomandibular joint.

C. costovertebral joint.

D. intervertebral joint.

E. sacroiliac joint.

Bloom's Level: 1. Remember HAPS Objective: F08.01b Describe the anatomical classificationof joints, based on structure - fibrous, cartilaginous, and synovial - and provide examples of each type of joint.

Learning Outcome: 08.01C. Contrast the two types of cartilaginous joints and give examples of each type. Type: Study Guide

19. Which of the following is NOT a cartilaginous joint?

A. epiphyseal plates B. intervertebral disks C. fontanelles D. sternocostal joint E. manubriosternal joint

Bloom's Level: 1. Remember HAPS Objective: F08.01b Describe the anatomical classificationof joints, based on structure - fibrous, cartilaginous, and synovial - and provide examples of each type of joint.

Learning Outcome: 08.01C. Contrast the two types of cartilaginous joints and give examples of each type. Section: 08.01 Type: Study Guide

20. Most of the joints in the appendicular skeleton are A. fibrous B. immovable C. synovial D. cartilaginous E. inarticulate

joints.

Bloom's Level: 1. Remember HAPS Objective: F08.01b Describe the anatomical classificationof joints, based on structure - fibrous, cartilaginous, and synovial - and provide examples of each type of joint.

Learning Outcome: 08.01E. Classify synovial joints based on the shape of the bones in the joint and give an example of each type. Se5c9tion: 08.01 Type: Study Guide

21.

Synovial joints are different from both fibrous and cartilaginous joints because synovial joints

A. use fibrous connective tissue to hold the bones in the joint together.

B. are enclosed by a joint capsule.

C. are only temporary; they are replaced in the adult.

D. generally have both bones in the joint fused together.

E. are not freely moveable.

Bloom's Level: 2. Understand HAPS Objective: F08.01b Describe the anatomical classificationof joints, based on structure - fibrous, cartilaginous, and synovial - and provide examples of each type of joint.

HAPS Objective: F08.02 Identify the structural components of the synovial joint, including accessory structures like bursae, tendon sheaths, and ligaments.

Learning Outcome: 08.01D. Illustrate the structure of a synovial joint and explain the roles of the components of a synovial joint. Section: 08.01

22. Hyaluronic acid A. contributes to the rigidity of a joint.

B. is found in the synovial membrane.

C. is responsible for the lubricating properties of synovial fluid.

D. makes up most of the matrix of hyaline cartilage.

E. makes surfaces rough.

Bloom's Level: 1. Remember HAPS Objective: F08.02 Identify the structural components of the synovial joint, including accessory structures like bursae, tendon sheaths, and ligaments.

Learning Outcome: 08.01D. Illustrate the structure of a synovial joint and explain the roles of the components of a synovial joint. Section: 08.01

60

23. Synovial fluid A. lacks cells.

B. is found between all bony junctions.

C. increases friction between bones.

D. is produced by articular cartilage.

E. decreases friction between bones.

Bloom's Level: 1. Remember HAPS Objective: F08.02 Identify the structural components of the synovial joint, including accessory structures like bursae, tendon sheaths, and ligaments.

Learning Outcome: 08.01D. Illustrate the structure of a synovial joint and explain the roles of the components of a synovial joint. Section: 08.01 Type: Study Guide 24. The inability to produce the fluid that keeps most joints moist indicates a disorder of the A. cruciate ligament.

B. synovial membrane.

C. articular cartilage.

D. bursae.

E. mucus membrane.

Bloom's Level: 2. Understand HAPS Objective: F08.02 Identify the structural components of the synovial joint, including accessory structures like bursae, tendon sheaths, and ligaments.

Learning Outcome: 08.01D. Illustrate the structure of a synovial joint and explain the roles of the components of a synovial joint. Section: 08.01

61

25.

Which of the following joints is most movable?

A. suture B. syndesmosis C. symphysis D. synovial E. synchondrosis Bloom's Level: 1. Remember HAPS Objective: F08.01b Describe the anatomical classificationof joints, based on structure - fibrous, cartilaginous, and synovial - and provide examples of each type of joint.

Learning Outcome: 08.01A. Describe the two systems for classifying joints.

Learning Outcome: 08.01D. Illustrate the structure of a synovial joint and explain the roles of the components of a synovial joint. Section: 08.01 Type: Study Guide 26. Which of the following is a synovial joint?

A. atlanto-occipital B. epiphyseal plate C. costosternal joint D. tibiofibular joint E. intervertebral disk

Bloom's Level: 1. Remember HAPS Objective: F08.01b Describe the anatomical classificationof joints, based on structure - fibrous, cartilaginous, and synovial - and provide examples of each type of joint.

Learning Outcome: 08.01E. Classify synovial joints based on the shape of the bones in the joint and give an example of each type. Section: 08.01 Type: Study Guide

62

27. Articular cartilage A. attaches tendons to bones.

B. produces red blood cells.

C. forms bursal fluid.

D. covers the ends of bones in synovial joints.

E. is formed at the epiphyseal plate.

Bloom's Level: 1. Remember HAPS Objective: F08.02 Identify the structural components of the synovial joint, including accessory structures like bursae, tendon sheaths, and ligaments.

Learning Outcome: 08.01D. Illustrate the structure of a synovial joint and explain the roles of the components of a synovial joint. Section: 08.01 Type: Study Guide 28. The function of a bursa is to A. provide support for a weak joint.

B. provide a fluid-filled cushion that reduces friction.

C. increase the articulating surface at a joint.

D. bind ligaments to bones.

E. produce fluid.

Bloom's Level: 1. Remember HAPS Objective: F08.02 Identify the structural components of the synovial joint, including accessory structures like bursae, tendon sheaths, and ligaments.

Learning Outcome: 08.01D. Illustrate the structure of a synovial joint and explain the roles of the components of a synovial joint. Section: 08.01 Type: Study Guide 29. Which of the following statements concerning bursae is true?

A. They are filled with air.

B. They are a cellular cushion.

C. They carry blood vessels to joints.

D. They are formed by an extension of the synovial membrane.

E. They bind tendons to ligaments.

Bloom's Level: 2. Understand HAPS Objective: F08.02 Identify the structural components of the synovial joint, including accessory structures like bursae, tendon sheaths, and ligaments.

Learning Outcome: 08.01D. Illustrate the structure of a synovial joint and explain the roles of the components of a synovial joint. Section: 08.01

63

30.

Pain in a synovial joint such as the hip can occur because of irritation of the nerves in the

A. fibrous capsule of the joint.

B. articular cartilage of the femur.

C. synovial fluid.

D. joint cavity.

E. bone.

Blooms Level: 1. Remember

Chapter 4 Thorax Multiple Choice Questions 1. The right side of the heart receives blood from the body andpumps through circulation to the lungs.

A. hepatic B. pulmonary C. peripheral D. systemic Blooms Level: 1. Remember HAPS Objective: K08.02 Describe blood flow through the heart naming all chambers and valves passed. HAPS Objective: K13.01a Describe the systemic and pulmonary circuits and discuss the functions of each.

HAPS Topic: Module K Cardiovascular System Learning Outcome: 20.01A. List the major functions of the heart. Section: 20.01 Topic: Cardiovascular System Type: Study Guide

2. The delivery of oxygen and nutrients to the tissues of the body is accomplished through circulation.

A. hepatic B. pulmonary C. peripheral D. systemic

Blooms Level: 1. Remember HAPS Objective: K13.01a Describe the systemic and pulmonary circuits and discuss the functions of each. HAPS Topic6: 4Module K Cardiovascular System Learning Outcome: 20.01A. List the major functions of the heart. Section: 20.01 Topic: Cardiovascular System Type: Study Guide

Blooms Level: 1. Remember

3. Which of the following is NOT a function of the heart?

A. providing a location for gas exchange between oxygen and carbon dioxide B. regulating blood supply to tissues depending on need C. generating blood pressure through contraction D. routing blood to either the pulmonary or systemic circulations Blooms Level: 1. Remember HAPS Objective: K01.01 Describe the major functions of the cardiovascular system. HAPS Topic: Module K Cardiovascular System Learning Outcome: 20.01A. List the major functions of the heart. Section: 20.01 Topic: Cardiovascular System Type: Study Guide

4. Which of the following is NOT true about the heart?

A. The heart is about the size of a closed fist.

B. The heart is located in the mediastinum.

C. The apex of the heart is directed superiorly and to the left.

D. Knowing the heart's position is important for effective CPR.

Blooms Level: 1. Remember HAPS Objective: K06.01 Describe the position of the heart in the thoracic cavity. HAPS Topic: Module K Cardiovascular System Learning Outcome: 20.02A. Cite the size, shape, and location of the heart. Learning Outcome: 20.02B. Explain why knowing its location is important. Section: 20.02 Topic: Cardiovascular System Type: LearnSmart

5. The heart A. is a four-chambered muscular pump.

B. is posterior to the trachea.

C. is lined with an epithelial layer called epicardium.

D. lies mostly to the right of the midline of the sternum.

Blooms Level: 1. Remember

E. has a superior apex and an inferior base.

Blooms Level: 1. Remember

66

HAPS Objective: K06.01 Describe the position of the heart in the thoracic cavity.

HAPS Objective: K06.03 Identify and describe the function of the primary internal structures of the heart, including chambers, septa, valves, papillary muscles, chordae tendineae, and venous and arterial openings.

HAPS Topic: Module K Cardiovascular System Learning Outcome: 20.02A. Cite the size, shape, and location of the heart. Section: 20.02 Topic: Cardiovascular System Type: Study Guide

67

6. The pericardial sac is lined with A. fibrous pericardium.

B. parietal pericardium.

C. visceral pericardium.

D. myocardium.

E. epicardium.

Blooms Level: 2. Understand HAPS Objective: K06.05 Describe the layers of the pericardium and the location of the pericardial cavity. HAPS Topic: Module K Cardiovascular System Learning Outcome: 20.03A. Describe the structure of the pericardium. Section: 20.03 Topic: Cardiovascular System Type: LearnSmart Type: Study Guide 7. The epicardium A. covers the surface of the heart.

B. lines the walls of the ventricles.

C. is known as the fibrous pericardium.

D. attaches inferiorly to the diaphragm.

E. is also called endocardium.

Blooms Level: 2. Understand HAPS Objective: K06.05 Describe the layers of the pericardium and the location of the pericardial cavity. HAPS Topic: Module K Cardiovascular System Learning Outcome: 20.03B. List the layers of the heart wall, and describe the structure and function of each. Section: 20.03 Topic: Cardiovascular System Type: Study Guide

68

8. A serious condition in which a large amount of fluid accumulates in the pericardialcavity and puts pressure of the heart is A. endocarditis.

B. pericarditis.

C. a myocardial infarction.

D. cardiac tamponade.

Blooms Level: 1. Remember HAPS Objective: K06.05 Describe the layers of the pericardium and the location of the pericardial cavity.

HAPS Objective: K16.01 Predict factors or situations affecting the cardiovascular system that could disrupt homeostasis.

HAPS Objective: K16.02 Predict the types of problems that would occur in the body if the cardiovascular system could not maintain homeostasis.

HAPS Topic: Module K Cardiovascular System Learning Outcome: 20.03A. Describe the structure of the pericardium. Section: 20.03 Topic: Cardiovascular System Topic: Clinical applications of the cardiovascular system Type: Clinical

9. E.Z. Goen is admitted to the cardiac unit with a diagnosis of endocarditis. When E.Z.asks the nurse where the infection is located, the nurse replies that the infection is in A. the outer layer of the heart wall.

B. the inner lining of the heart.

C. a membranous sac that encloses the heart wall.

D. the muscular layer of the heart.

E. the lining of the mediastinum.

Blooms Level: 3. Apply HAPS Objective: K06.07 Discuss the structure and significance of the endocardium. HAPS Topic: Module K Cardiovascular System Learning Outcome: 20.03B. List the layers of the heart wall, and describe the structure and function of each. Section: 20.03 Topic: Cardiovascular System Topic: Clinical applications of the cardiovascular system Type: Clinical

69

10. Another name for the visceral pericardium is the A. endocardium.

B. epicardium.

C. isocardium.

D. myocardium.

E. visocardium.

Blooms Level: 2. Understand HAPS Objective: K06.05 Describe the layers of the pericardium and the location of the pericardial cavity. HAPS Topic: Module K Cardiovascular System Learning Outcome: 20.03A. Describe the structure of the pericardium. Section: 20.03 Topic: Cardiovascular System Type: LearnSmart

11. Which of the following pairs is mismatched?

A. endocardium - covers the inner surfaces of the heart B. myocardium - cardiac muscle C. trabeculae carneae - interior walls of ventricles D. pectinate muscles - muscles that close valves E. chordae tendineae - connective tissue strings that connect to cusps of valves

Blooms Level: 3. Apply HAPS Objective: K06.03 Identify and describe the function of the primary internal structures of the heart, including chambers, septa, valves, papillary muscles, chordae tendineae, and venous and arterial openings.

HAPS Objective: K06.05 Describe the layers of the pericardium and the location of the pericardial cavity.

HAPS Objective: K06.06 Identify myocardium and describe its histological structure, including the significance of intercalated discs. HAPS Objective: K06.07 Discuss the structure and significance of the endocardium.

HAPS Topic: Module K Cardiovascular System Learning Outcome: 20.03A. Describe the structure of the pericardium.

Learning Outcome: 20.03B. List the layers of the heart wall, and describe the structure and function of each. Learning Outcome: 20.03F. Name the valves of the heart, and state their locations and functions.

Section: 20.03 Topic: Cardiovascular System

70

12. A stab wound into the heart can result in cardiac tamponade. This means that A. blood enters the pleural cavity.

B. the heart is compressed by blood in the pericardial sac.

C. the electrical conduction system of the heart is damaged.

D. the left coronary artery has been damaged or cut.

E. the heart has lost all of its blood.

Blooms Level: 2. Understand HAPS Objective: K06.05 Describe the layers of the pericardium and the location of the pericardial cavity.

HAPS Objective: K16.01 Predict factors or situations affecting the cardiovascular system that could disrupt homeostasis.

HAPS Objective: K16.02 Predict the types of problems that would occur in the body if the cardiovascular system could not maintain homeostasis.

HAPS Topic: Module K Cardiovascular System Learning Outcome: 20.03A. Describe the structure of the pericardium. Section: 20.03 Topic: Cardiovascular System Topic: Clinical applications of the cardiovascular system Type: Clinical

13. Which of the following layers forms the bulk of the heart wall?

A. epicardium B. pericardium C. endocardium D. myocardium E. visceral pericardium

Blooms Level: 1. Remember HAPS Objective: K06.06 Identify myocardium and describe its histological structure, including the significance of intercalated discs. HAPS Topic: Module K Cardiovascular System Learning Outcome: 20.03B. List the layers of the heart wall, and describe the structure and function of each. Section: 20.03 Topic: Cardiovascular System Type: Study Guide

71

14. The function of the pericardial fluid is to A. reduce friction between the pericardial membranes.

B. lubricate the heart valves.

C. replace any blood that is lost.

D. provide oxygen and nutrients to the endocardium.

E. stimulate the heart.

Blooms Level: 2. Understand HAPS Objective: K06.05 Describe the layers of the pericardium and the location of the pericardial cavity. HAPS Topic: Module K Cardiovascular System Learning Outcome: 20.03A. Describe the structure of the pericardium. Section: 20.03 Topic: Cardiovascular System Type: Study Guide

15. Blood vessels enter and exit from the A. apex B. base C. auricles D. trigone E. inferior aspect

of the heart.

Blooms Level: 1. Remember HAPS Objective: K06.08 Identify the right and left coronary arteries and their branches, the cardiac veins, and the coronary sinus. HAPS Topic: Module K Cardiovascular System Learning Outcome: 20.03C. Relate the large veins and arteries that enter and exit the heart. Section: 20.03 Topic: Cardiovascular System Type: Study Guide

72

16. Blood in the pulmonary veins returns to the A. right atrium.

B. left atrium.

C. right ventricle.

D. left ventricle.

E. coronary sinus.

Blooms Level: 2. Understand HAPS Objective: K06.03 Identify and describe the function of the primary internal structures of the heart, including chambers, septa, valves, papillary muscles, chordae tendineae, and venous and arterial openings.

HAPS Objective: K08.02 Describe blood flow through the heart naming all chambers and valves passed. HAPS Topic: Module K Cardiovascular System Learning Outcome: 20.03C. Relate the large veins and arteries that enter and exit the heart. Section: 20.03 Topic: Cardiovascular System Type: LearnSmart Type: Study Guide 17. The great cardiac vein and middle cardiac vein empty into a venous cavity calledthe A. pulmonary vein.

B. inferior vena cava.

C. superior vena cava.

D. coronary sinus.

E. coronary artery.

Blooms Level: 1. Remember HAPS Objective: K06.08 Identify the right and left coronary arteries and their branches, the cardiac veins, and the coronary sinus. HAPS Topic: Module K Cardiovascular System Learning Outcome: 20.03D. Describe the location and blood flow through the coronary arteries and cardiac veins. Section: 20.03 Topic: Cardiovascular System

73

18. All cardiac veins empty into the A. coronary sinus; left atrium B. coronary sinus; right atrium C. great cardiac vein; right atrium D. great cardiac vein; superior vena cava E. inferior vena cava; left atrium

, which then empties into the

.

Blooms Level: 2. Understand HAPS Objective: K06.08 Identify the right and left coronary arteries and their branches, the cardiac veins, and the coronary sinus. HAPS Topic: Module K Cardiovascular System Learning Outcome: 20.03C. Relate the large veins and arteries that enter and exit the heart.

Learning Outcome: 20.03D. Describe the location and blood flow through the coronary arteries and cardiac veins. Section: 20.03 Topic: Cardiovascular System 19. Occlusion of which of the following would primarily damage the posterior wall ofthe heart?

A. circumflex artery B. pulmonary artery C. right marginal artery D. coronary sinus artery E. right coronary artery

Blooms Level: 3. Apply HAPS Objective: K06.08 Identify the right and left coronary arteries and their branches, the cardiac veins, and the coronary sinus. HAPS Topic: Module K Cardiovascular System Learning Outcome: 20.03C. Relate the large veins and arteries that enter and exit the heart.

Learning Outcome: 20.03D. Describe the location and blood flow through the coronary arteries and cardiac veins. Section: 20.03 Topic: Cardiovascular System Topic: Clinical applications of the cardiovascular system Type: Clinical

74

20. Which of these statements is true?

A. The left coronary artery is a branch of the left pulmonary vein.

B. The coronary sinus returns blood to the left atrium.

C. The coronary arteries arise from the pulmonary trunk.

D. The great cardiac vein collects blood from the left anterior surface of the heart.

E. The pulmonary arteries carry blood to the left atrium.

Bloom's Level: 4. Analyze HAPS Objective: K06.08 Identify the right and left coronary arteries and their branches, the cardiac veins, and the coronary sinus. HAPS Topic: Module K Cardiovascular System Learning Outcome: 20.03C. Relate the large veins and arteries that enter and exit the heart.

Learning Outcome: 20.03D. Describe the location and blood flow through the coronary arteries and cardiac veins. Section: 20.03 Topic: Cardiovascular System Type: LearnSmart

21. A direct connection between arteries is called a/an A. auricle.

B. sulcus.

C. sinus.

D. anastamosis.

Blooms Level: 1. Remember HAPS Objective: K12.06 Define anastomosis and explain the significance of anastomoses, such as the Circle of Willis. HAPS Topic: Module K Cardiovascular System Learning Outcome: 20.03D. Describe the location and blood flow through the coronary arteries and cardiac veins. Section: 20.03 Topic: Cardiovascular System Type: Study Guide

True / False Questions 22. Blood flow through the coronary blood vessels decreases during myocardialcontraction and increases during myocardial relaxation.

TRUE 75

Blooms Level: 2. Understand HAPS Objective: K06.08 Identify the right and left coronary arteries and their branches, the cardiac veins, and the coronary sinus. HAPS Objective: K13.02a Trace blood flow through the coronary circulation from the aorta to the right atrium.

HAPS Topic: Module K Cardiovascular System Learning Outcome: 20.03D. Describe the location and blood flow through the coronary arteries and cardiac veins. Section: 20.03 Topic: Cardiovascular System

76

Multiple Choice Questions 23. Coronary artery disease can diminish myocardial blood flow resulting in the deathof myocardial cells. This condition is known as a myocardial A. attack.

B. angina.

C. necrosis.

D. cirrhosis.

E. infarction.

Blooms Level: 1. Remember HAPS Objective: K13.02b Discuss the significance of collateral coronary circulation.

HAPS Objective: K16.01 Predict factors or situations affecting the cardiovascular system that could disrupt homeostasis.

HAPS Objective: K16.02 Predict the types of problems that would occur in the body if the cardiovascular system could not maintain homeostasis.

HAPS Topic: Module K Cardiovascular System Learning Outcome: 20.03D. Describe the location and blood flow through the coronary arteries and cardiac veins. Section: 20.03 Topic: Cardiovascular System Type: Study Guide

24. The procedure whereby a small balloon is placed into a partially occluded coronaryartery and then inflated to increase blood flow through the artery is called a(n) A. angioplasty.

B. coronary bypass.

C. urokinase injection.

D. tissue plasminogen activation.

E. angiogram.

Blooms Level: 2. Understand HAPS Topic: Module K Cardiovascular System Learning Outcome: 20.03C. Relate the large veins and arteries that enter and exit the heart.

Learning Outcome: 20.03D. Describe the location and blood flow through the coronary arteries and cardiac veins. Section: 20.03 Topic: Cardiovascular System Topic: Clinical applications of the cardiovascular system Type: Clinical

77

25. Angina pectoris is chest pain caused by reduced A. stimulation of the myocardium.

B. blood supply to cardiac muscle.

C. fluid in the pericardial sac.

D. contractility of the heart.

E. action potentials from SA node.

Blooms Level: 2. Understand HAPS Objective: K16.01 Predict factors or situations affecting the cardiovascular system that could disrupt homeostasis.

HAPS Objective: K16.02 Predict the types of problems that would occur in the body if the cardiovascular system could not maintain homeostasis.

HAPS Topic: Module K Cardiovascular System Learning Outcome: 20.03D. Describe the location and blood flow through the coronary arteries and cardiac veins. Section: 20.03 Topic: Cardiovascular System Topic: Clinical applications of the cardiovascular system Type: Clinical 26. Which of the following is NOT an enzyme given to someone experiencing amyocardial infarction to break up blood clots?

A. streptokinase B. tissue plasminogen activator (t-Pa) C. nitroglycerin D. urokinase Blooms Level: 2. Understand HAPS Topic: Module K Cardiovascular System Learning Outcome: 20.03D. Describe the location and blood flow through the coronary arteries and cardiac veins. Section: 20.03 Topic: Cardiovascular System Topic: Clinical applications of the cardiovascular system Type: Clinical

78

27. Which of the following is NOT a major opening into the right atrium?

A. pulmonary vein B. inferior vena cava C. superior vena cava D. coronary sinus Blooms Level: 1. Remember HAPS Objective: K06.03 Identify and describe the function of the primary internal structures of the heart, including chambers, septa, valves, papillary muscles, chordae tendineae, and venous and arterial openings.

HAPS Objective: K08.01 Identify the major blood vessels entering and leaving the heart and classify them as either an artery or a vein and as containing either oxygen- rich or oxygenpoor blood.

HAPS Objective: K12.07 Identify the major arteries and veins.

HAPS Objective: K13.02a Trace blood flow through the coronary circulation from the aorta to the right atrium. HAPS Topic: Module K Cardiovascular System Learning Outcome: 20.03E. Review the structure and functions of the chambers of the heart. Section: 20.03 Topic: Cardiovascular System Type: Study Guide 28. The right atrium receives blood from A. the lungs and the heart.

B. the heart.

C. the body and the heart.

D. the lungs and the body.

Blooms Level: 1. Remember HAPS Objective: K06.03 Identify and describe the function of the primary internal structures of the heart, including chambers, septa, valves, papillary muscles, chordae tendineae, and venous and arterial openings.

HAPS Objective: K13.01a Describe the systemic and pulmonary circuits and discuss the functions of each. HAPS Objective: K13.02a Trace blood flow through the coronary circulation from the aorta to the right atrium.

HAPS Topic: Module K Cardiovascular System Learning Outcome: 20.03E. Review the structure and functions of the chambers of the heart. Section: 20.03 Topic: Cardiovascular System Type: Study Guide 79

29. What is the foramen ovale?

A. An opening between the right and left atria in the embryo and fetus.

B. An opening between the right and left ventricles in the embryo and fetus.

C. An oval hole in the pericardium in the embryo and fetus.

D. An opening between the pulmonary trunk and aorta in the embryo and fetus.

Blooms Level: 1. Remember HAPS Objective: K13.04c Trace the pathway of blood flow from the placenta through the fetal heart and body and back to the placenta. HAPS Objective: K13.04e With respect to the umbilical vessels, ductus venosus, ductus arteriosus and foramen ovale, describe the changes associated with birth and the ultimate postnatal fate of these structures.

HAPS Topic: Module K Cardiovascular System Learning Outcome: 20.03E. Review the structure and functions of the chambers of the heart. Learning Outcome: 20.03F. Name the valves of the heart, and state their locations and functions.

Section: 20.03 Topic: Cardiovascular System Type: Study Guide

30. What vessel exits the left ventricle?

A. pulmonary trunk B. pulmonary vein C. aorta D. pulmonary artery

Blooms Level: 1. Remember HAPS Objective: K06.03 Identify and describe the function of the primary internal structures of the heart, including chambers, septa, valves, papillary muscles, chordae tendineae, and venous and arterial openings.

HAPS Objective: K08.01 Identify the major blood vessels entering and leaving the heart and classify them as either an artery or a vein and as containing either oxygen- rich or oxygenpoor blood.

HAPS Topic: Module K Cardiovascular System Learning Outcome: 20.03E. Review the structure and functions of the chambers of the heart. Section: 20.03 Topic: Cardiovascular System Type: Study Guide

80

31. The AV valve that is located on the same side of the heart as the origin of the aorta isthe A. bicuspid or mitral valve.

B. tricuspid valve.

C. aortic semilunar valve.

D. pulmonary semilunar valve.

E. coronary sinus valve.

Blooms Level: 2. Understand HAPS Objective: K06.03 Identify and describe the function of the primary internal structures of the heart, including chambers, septa, valves, papillary muscles, chordae tendineae, and venous and arterial openings.

HAPS Objective: K06.04 Compare and contrast the structure and function of the atrioventricular and the semilunar valves. HAPS Topic: Module K Cardiovascular System Learning Outcome: 20.03F. Name the valves of the heart, and state their locations and functions. Section: 20.03 Topic: Cardiovascular System Type: Study Guide

32. The valve located between the right ventricle and the pulmonary trunk is the A. aortic semilunar valve.

B. pulmonary semilunar valve.

C. tricuspid valve.

D. mitral valve.

E. bicuspid valve.

Blooms Level: 2. Understand HAPS Objective: K06.03 Identify and describe the function of the primary internal structures of the heart, including chambers, septa, valves, papillary muscles, chordae tendineae, and venous and arterial openings.

HAPS Objective: K06.04 Compare and contrast the structure and function of the atrioventricular and the semilunar valves. HAPS Topic: Module K Cardiovascular System Learning Outcome: 20.03F. Name the valves of the heart, and state their locations and functions. Section: 20.03 Topic: Cardiovascular System Type: Study Guide

81

33. Contraction of the papillary muscles would A. eject blood from the ventricles.

B. prevent the AV valves from protruding into the atria.

C. close the semilunar valves.

D. cause the atria to eject their contents into the ventricles.

E. open the semilunar valves.

Blooms Level: 2. Understand HAPS Objective: K06.03 Identify and describe the function of the primary internal structures of the heart, including chambers, septa, valves, papillary muscles, chordae tendineae, and venous and arterial openings.

HAPS Topic: Module K Cardiovascular System Learning Outcome: 20.03F. Name the valves of the heart, and state their locations and functions. Section: 20.03 Topic: Cardiovascular System Type: LearnSmart Type: Study Guide 34. The chordae tendineae A. connect the atria to the ventricles.

B. are found in the interventricular septum.

C. are part of the conducting system of the heart.

D. connect the flaps of the AV valves to the papillary muscles.

E. are a part of the myocardium.

Blooms Level: 2. Understand HAPS Objective: K06.03 Identify and describe the function of the primary internal structures of the heart, including chambers, septa, valves, papillary muscles, chordae tendineae, and venous and arterial openings.

HAPS Topic: Module K Cardiovascular System Learning Outcome: 20.03F. Name the valves of the heart, and state their locations and functions. Section: 20.03 Topic: Cardiovascular System Type: Study Guide

82

35. Blood in the superior vena cava will enter the A. aorta B. right atrium C. pulmonary trunk D. pulmonary arteries E. pulmonary veins

.

Blooms Level: 1. Remember HAPS Objective: K06.03 Identify and describe the function of the primary internal structures of the heart, including chambers, septa, valves, papillary muscles, chordae tendineae, and venous and arterial openings.

HAPS Objective: K08.01 Identify the major blood vessels entering and leaving the heart and classify them as either an artery or a vein and as containing either oxygen- rich or oxygenpoor blood.

HAPS Objective: K08.02 Describe blood flow through the heart naming all chambers and valves passed. HAPS Topic: Module K Cardiovascular System Learning Outcome: 20.04A. Relate the flow of blood through the heart, naming the chambers, valves, and vessels in the correct order. Section: 20.04 Topic: Cardiovascular System Type: Study Guide

36. Which vessels empty blood into the left atrium?

A. aorta B. right atrium C. pulmonary trunk D. pulmonary arteries E. pulmonary veins

Blooms Level: 2. Understand HAPS Objective: K06.03 Identify and describe the function of the primary internal structures of the heart, including chambers, septa, valves, papillary muscles, chordae tendineae, and venous and arterial openings.

HAPS Objective: K08.01 Identify the major blood vessels entering and leaving the heart and classify them as either an artery or a vein and as containing either oxygen- rich or oxygenpoor blood.

HAPS Objective: K08.02 Describe blood flow through the heart naming all chambers and valves passed. HAPS Topic: Module K Cardiovascular System Learning Outcome: 20.04A. Relate the flow of blood through the heart, naming the chambers, valves, and vessels in the correct order. Section: 20.04 Topic: 83 Cardiovascular System Type:

LearnSmart

84

37. Which blood vessel carries blood from the left ventricle?

A. aorta B. right atrium C. pulmonary trunk D. pulmonary arteries E. pulmonary veins Blooms Level: 2. Understand HAPS Objective: K06.03 Identify and describe the function of the primary internal structures of the heart, including chambers, septa, valves, papillary muscles, chordae tendineae, and venous and arterial openings.

HAPS Objective: K08.01 Identify the major blood vessels entering and leaving the heart and classify them as either an artery or a vein and as containing either oxygen- rich or oxygenpoor blood.

HAPS Objective: K08.02 Describe blood flow through the heart naming all chambers and valves passed. HAPS Topic: Module K Cardiovascular System Learning Outcome: 20.04A. Relate the flow of blood through the heart, naming the chambers, valves, and vessels in the correct order. Section: 20.04 Topic: Cardiovascular System 38. From the right ventricle, blood flows directly into the A. aorta B. right atrium C. pulmonary trunk D. pulmonary arteries E. pulmonary veins

.

Blooms Level: 1. Remember HAPS Objective: K06.03 Identify and describe the function of the primary internal structures of the heart, including chambers, septa, valves, papillary muscles, chordae tendineae, and venous and arterial openings.

HAPS Objective: K08.01 Identify the major blood vessels entering and leaving the heart and classify them as either an artery or a vein and as containing either oxygen- rich or oxygenpoor blood.

HAPS Objective: K08.02 Describe blood flow through the heart naming all chambers and valves passed. HAPS Topic: Module K Cardiovascular System Learning Outcome: 20.04A. Relate the flow of blood through the heart, naming the chambers, valves, and vessels in the correct order. Section: 20.04 Topic: Cardiovascular System Type: Study Guide 85

39. Which vessels transport blood to the right and left lungs?

A. aorta B. right atrium C. pulmonary trunk D. pulmonary arteries E. pulmonary veins Blooms Level: 1. Remember HAPS Objective: K08.01 Identify the major blood vessels entering and leaving the heart and classify them as either an artery or a vein and as containing either oxygen- rich or oxygenpoor blood.

HAPS Objective: K08.02 Describe blood flow through the heart naming all chambers and valves passed. HAPS Objective: K13.01a Describe the systemic and pulmonary circuits and discuss the functions of each.

HAPS Topic: Module K Cardiovascular System Learning Outcome: 20.04A. Relate the flow of blood through the heart, naming the chambers, valves, and vessels in the correct order. Section: 20.04 Topic: Cardiovascular System Type: Study Guide

40. An incompetent pulmonary semilunar valve could result in less blood reaching the A. lungs.

B. heart muscle.

C. right ventricle.

D. aorta.

E. right atrium.

Blooms Level: 2. Understand HAPS Objective: K06.03 Identify and describe the function of the primary internal structures of the heart, including chambers, septa, valves, papillary muscles, chordae tendineae, and venous and arterial openings.

HAPS Objective: K06.04 Compare and contrast the structure and function of the atrioventricular and the semilunar valves. HAPS Objective: K08.02 Describe blood flow through the heart naming all chambers and valves passed.

HAPS Objective: K13.01a Describe the systemic and pulmonary circuits and discuss the functions of each. HAPS Topic: Module K Cardiovascular System Learning Outcome: 20.04A. Relate the flow of blood through the heart, naming the chambers, valves, and vessels in the correct order. Section: 20.04 Topic: Cardiovascular System Topic: Clinical applications of the cardiovascular system Type: Clinical 86

41. Which of the following heart chambers is correctly associated with the blood vesselthat enters or leaves it?

A. right atrium - pulmonary veins B. left atrium - aorta C. right ventricle - pulmonary trunk D. left ventricle - superior vena cava and inferior vena cava E. right atrium - aorta Blooms Level: 2. Understand HAPS Objective: K06.03 Identify and describe the function of the primary internal structures of the heart, including chambers, septa, valves, papillary muscles, chordae tendineae, and venous and arterial openings.

HAPS Objective: K08.01 Identify the major blood vessels entering and leaving the heart and classify them as either an artery or a vein and as containing either oxygen- rich or oxygenpoor blood.

HAPS Objective: K08.02 Describe blood flow through the heart naming all chambers and valves passed. HAPS Topic: Module K Cardiovascular System Learning Outcome: 20.04A. Relate the flow of blood through the heart, naming the chambers, valves, and vessels in the correct order. Section: 20.04 Topic: Cardiovascular System Type: Study Guide

42. Which of the following is a function of the heart skeleton?

A. Provides electrical insulation between the atria and ventricles.

B. Supplies support and reinforcement for the valves.

C. Provides a rigid site for cardiac muscle attachment.

D. All of the choices are functions of the heart skeleton.

Blooms Level: 2. Understand HAPS Objective: K06.03 Identify and describe the function of the primary internal structures of the heart, including chambers, septa, valves, papillary muscles, chordae tendineae, and venous and arterial openings.

HAPS Objective: K06.04 Compare and contrast the structure and function of the atrioventricular and the semilunar valves. HAPS Topic: Module K Cardiovascular System Learning Outcome: 20.05A. Describe the structure and functions of the heart skeleton. Section: 20.05 Topic: Cardiovascular System

87

43. Cardiac muscle cells A. have smooth ER but no T tubules.

B. form the heart valves.

C. are maintained by an extensive capillary network.

D. develop a significant oxygen debt during systole.

E. do not contain actin and myosin like skeletal muscle cells.

Blooms Level: 2. Understand HAPS Objective: K07.03 Explain the significance of the plateau phase in the action potential of a cardiac contractile cell. HAPS Objective: K07.04 Compare and contrast cardiac muscle contraction and skeletal muscle contraction.

HAPS Objective: K07.05 Compare and contrast the role of nerves in the depolarization of cardiac pacemaker cells, ventricular contractile cells, and skeletal muscle cells.

HAPS Topic: Module K Cardiovascular System Learning Outcome: 20.05B. Relate the structural and functional characteristics of cardiac muscle cells. Section: 20.05 Topic: Cardiovascular System 44. Which of the following phrases would apply to cardiac muscle cells?

A. are organized in parallel columns or bundles B. contain actin but no myosin C. develop a significant oxygen debt during systole D. are multinucleated like skeletal muscle cells E. possess special cell-to-cell contacts called intercalated discs Blooms Level: 1. Remember HAPS Objective: K07.04 Compare and contrast cardiac muscle contraction and skeletal muscle contraction.

HAPS Objective: K07.05 Compare and contrast the role of nerves in the depolarization of cardiac pacemaker cells, ventricular contractile cells, and skeletal muscle cells.

HAPS Topic: Module K Cardiovascular System Learning Outcome: 20.05B. Relate the structural and functional characteristics of cardiac muscle cells. Section: 20.05 Topic: Cardiovascular System Type: Study Guide

88

45. Action potentials pass from one myocardial cell to another through areas of low electrical resistance called A. gap junctions.

B. fibrous heart rings.

C. electromagnetic discs.

D. sarcolemma sclerotic plaques.

E. tight junctions.

Blooms Level: 2. Understand HAPS Objective: K07.04 Compare and contrast cardiac muscle contraction and skeletal muscle contraction.

HAPS Objective: K07.05 Compare and contrast the role of nerves in the depolarization of cardiac pacemaker cells, ventricular contractile cells, and skeletal muscle cells.

HAPS Topic: Module K Cardiovascular System Learning Outcome: 20.05B. Relate the structural and functional characteristics of cardiac muscle cells. Section: 20.05 Topic: Cardiovascular System Type: Study Guide

46. The "pacemaker" of the heart is the A. right bundle branch.

B. left bundle branch.

C. AV node.

D. SA node.

E. PM node.

Blooms Level: 1. Remember HAPS Objective: K07.02 Contrast the way action potentials are generated in cardiac pacemaker cells, in cardiac contractile cells and in skeletal muscle cells.

HAPS Objective: K09.01a List the parts of the conduction system of the heart and explain how the system functions.

HAPS Objective: K09.01b In the conduction system of the heart, define automaticity and explain why the SA node normally paces the heart. HAPS Topic: Module K Cardiovascular System Learning Outcome: 20.05B. Relate the structural and functional characteristics of cardiac muscle cells. Section: 20.05 Topic: Cardiovascular System Type: Study Guide 89

47. Which of the following sequences for the conducting system is correct?

A. AV node, AV bundle, SA node, Purkinje fibers, bundle branches B. Purkinje fibers, bundle branches, AV node, AV bundle, SAnode C. SA node, AV node, AV bundle, bundle branches, Purkinje fibers D. SA node, AV bundle, AV node, bundle branches, Purkinje fibers E. AV node, SA node, bundle branches, AV bundle, Purkinje fibers Blooms Level: 3. Apply HAPS Objective: K09.01a List the parts of the conduction system of the heart and explain how the system functions.

HAPS Objective: K09.01b In the conduction system of the heart, define automaticity and explain why the SA node normally paces the heart. HAPS Objective: K09.01c Explain how the cardiac conduction system produces efficient pumping of blood.

HAPS Topic: Module K Cardiovascular System Learning Outcome: 20.05D. Explain the structure and function of the conducting system of the heart. Section: 20.05 Topic: Cardiovascular System Type: Study Guide

48.

What is the importance of the delay in the action potential in the AV node?

A. It allows the action potential to reach both ventricles at the same time.

B. It allows an action potential to reach the left atrium so both atria contract together.

C. It allows an action potential to reach the left atrium so both atria contract together, before the ventricles contract.

D. It allows time for the atria to be filled with blood.

Blooms Level: 2. Understand HAPS Objective: K09.01a List the parts of the conduction system of the heart and explain how the system functions.

HAPS Objective: K09.01b In the conduction system of the heart, define automaticity and explain why the SA node normally paces the heart. HAPS Topic: Module K Cardiovascular System Learning Outcome: 20.05D. Explain the structure and function of the conducting system of the heart. Section: 20.05 Topic: Cardiovascular System Type: Study Guide

90

49. Energy for contraction of myocardial cells comes primarily from A. aerobic respiration in the mitochondria.

B. anaerobic respiration in the cytosol.

C. glycolysis in the cytosol.

D. ATP that is stored while the heart is not contracting.

E. creatine phosphate.

Blooms Level: 2. Understand HAPS Objective: K09.01a List the parts of the conduction system of the heart and explain how the system functions. HAPS Objective: K09.01c Explain how the cardiac conduction system produces efficient pumping of blood.

HAPS Topic: Module K Cardiovascular System Learning Outcome: 20.05D. Explain the structure and function of the conducting system of the heart. Section: 20.05 Topic: Cardiovascular System 50. The cardiac electrical impulse normally begins spontaneously in the SA node because A. of the superior location of the SA node in the right atrium.

B. the SA node is the only area of the heart capable of spontaneous depolarization.

C. of the rich sympathetic innervation of the SA node.

D. this area produces action potentials more rapidly than any other portion of theconduction system.

E. of action potentials from the cardioregulatory center.

Blooms Level: 2. Understand HAPS Objective: K09.01a List the parts of the conduction system of the heart and explain how the system functions.

HAPS Objective: K09.01b In the conduction system of the heart, define automaticity and explain why the SA node normally paces the heart. HAPS Objective: K09.01c Explain how the cardiac conduction system produces efficient pumping of blood.

HAPS Topic: Module K Cardiovascular System Learning Outcome: 20.05D. Explain the structure and function of the conducting system of the heart. Section: 20.05 Topic: Cardiovascular System

91

51. Which of the following will depolarize immediately after the AV node depolarizes?

A. the AV bundle B. Purkinje fibers C. atrial myocardium D. bundle branches in the ventricular septum E. the SA node Blooms Level: 1. Remember HAPS Objective: K09.01a List the parts of the conduction system of the heart and explain how the system functions.

HAPS Objective: K09.01b In the conduction system of the heart, define automaticity and explain why the SA node normally paces the heart. HAPS Objective: K09.01c Explain how the cardiac conduction system produces efficient pumping of blood.

HAPS Topic: Module K Cardiovascular System Learning Outcome: 20.05D. Explain the structure and function of the conducting system of the heart. Section: 20.05 Topic: Cardiovascular System

52. Ventricular contraction begins at the A. AV bundle.

B. apex of the heart.

C. base of the heart.

D. superior portion of the interventricular septum.

E. top of the ventricles.

Blooms Level: 2. Understand HAPS Objective: K09.01a List the parts of the conduction system of the heart and explain how the system functions.

HAPS Objective: K09.01b In the conduction system of the heart, define automaticity and explain why the SA node normally paces the heart. HAPS Objective: K09.01c Explain how the cardiac conduction system produces efficient pumping of blood.

HAPS Topic: Module K Cardiovascular System Learning Outcome: 20.05D. Explain the structure and function of the conducting system of the heart. Section: 20.05 Topic: Cardiovascular System

92

53. The action potentials are slowed at the AV node to allow the A. ventricles to repolarize.

B. ventricles to completely empty of blood.

C. pacemaker to reset for the next beat.

D. atria to complete their contraction.

E. atria to begin their contraction.

Blooms Level: 2. Understand HAPS Objective: K09.01a List the parts of the conduction system of the heart and explain how the system functions.

HAPS Objective: K09.01b In the conduction system of the heart, define automaticity and explain why the SA node normally paces the heart. HAPS Objective: K09.01c Explain how the cardiac conduction system produces efficient pumping of blood.

HAPS Topic: Module K Cardiovascular System Learning Outcome: 20.05D. Explain the structure and function of the conducting system of the heart. Section: 20.05 Topic: Cardiovascular System

54. The spontaneous opening of sodium channels marks the beginning of _ myocardial cell.

A. depolarization B. repolarization C. hyperpolarization D. isopolarization E. afterpolarization

of a

Chapter 5 Abdomen Multiple Choice Questions 1. Which of the following is an accessory organ of the digestive tract?

A. pharynx B. stomach C. liver D. large intestine Bloom's Level: 1. Remember Learning Outcome: 24.01A. List the regions of the digestive tract. Section: 24.01 Topic: Digestive System Type: Study Guide 2. Which of the following is NOT an accesso9r3y organ of the digestive tract?

A. esophagus B. salivary glands C. pancreas D. gallbladder

Bloom's Level: 1. Remember Learning Outcome: 24.01A. List the regions of the digestive tract. Section: 24.01 Topic: Digestive System 3. Which is the correct order of the regions of the digestive tract from superior to inferior?

A. pharynx, esophagus, large intestine, smallintestine B. oral cavity, stomach, small intestine, large intestine C. stomach, esophagus, large intestine, smallintestine D. anus, large intestine, stomach, esophagus Bloom's Level: 2. Understand Learning Outcome: 24.01A. List the regions of the digestive tract. Section: 24.01 Topic: Digestive System Type: Study Guide

4. Which of the following organs is part of the digestive tract or alimentary canal?

A. salivary gland B. liver

C. gallbladder D. stomach E. pancreas

Bloom's Level: 1. Remember Learning Outcome: 24.01A. List the regions of the digestive tract. Section: 24.01 Topic: Digestive System Type: Study Guide

5. Which of the following is a function performed by the digestive system?

A. cellular respiration B. food selection C. elimination of undigested food D. regulation of blood pH E. integration and coordination of other systems

Bloom's Level: 1. Remember HAPS Objective: N01.01 Describe the major functions of the digestive system. Learning Outcome: 24.02A. Describe the major functions of the digestive system.

Section: 24.02 Topic: Digestive System Type: Study Guide 95

6. The movement of food through the digestive tract is A. segmentation.

B. propulsion.

C. mixing.

D. mastication.

Bloom's Level: 1. Remember HAPS Objective: N01.01 Describe the major functions of the digestive system.

HAPS Objective: N05.02 Define the terms peristalsis, segmentation, migrating myoelectric complex, and mass movement, and discuss the role that these activities play in the function of various regions of the alimentary canal.

Learning Outcome: 24.02A. Describe the major functions of the digestive system. Section: 24.02 Topic: Digestive System Type: Study Guide

7. Which of the following is NOT a type of propulsion in the digestive tract?

A. peristalsis B. mass movement C. deglutition D. segmental contraction

Bloom's Level: 1. Remember HAPS Objective: N01.01 Describe the major functions of the digestive system.

HAPS Objective: N05.02 Define the terms peristalsis, segmentation, migrating myoelectric complex, and mass movement, and discuss the role that these activities play in the function of various regions of the alimentary canal.

Learning Outcome: 24.02A. Describe the major functions of the digestive system. Section: 24.02 Topic: Digestive System 8. A mixing contraction in the small intestine is called A. peristalsis.

B. segmental contraction.

C. deglutition.

D. mass movement.

Bloom's Level: 1. Remember HAPS Objective: N05.02 Define the terms peristalsis, segmentation, migrating myoelectric complex, and mass movement, and discuss the role that these activities play in the function of various regions of the alimentary canal.

Learning Outcome: 24.02A. Describe the majo9r6functions of the digestive system.

Learning Outcome: 24.02B. State which digestive functions occur in the different regions of the digestive tract. Section: 24.02

Topic: Digestive System Type: Study Guide

97

9. The movement of molecules out of the digestive tract into circulation or the lymphatic system is A. secretion.

B. peristalsis.

C. chemical digestion.

D. absorption.

Bloom's Level: 1. Remember HAPS Objective: N01.01 Describe the major functions of the digestive system.

HAPS Objective: N07.01a List the organs and specific structures involved in the absorption monosaccharides, peptides and amino acids, and fatty acids and monoglycerides.

Learning Outcome: 24.02A. Describe the major functions of the digestive system.

Learning Outcome: 24.02B. State which digestive functions occur in the different regions of the digestive tract. Section: 24.02 Topic: Digestive System Type: Study Guide

10. Which digestive activity is NOT correctly matched to its location?

A. killing microorganisms with lysozyme - stomach B. digestion of carbohydrates - mouth C. absorption of nutrients - small intestine D. production of mucus - esophagus Bloom's Level: 2. Understand HAPS Objective: N01.01 Describe the major functions of the digestive system. Learning Outcome: 24.02A. Describe the major functions of the digestive system.

Learning Outcome: 24.02B. State which digestive functions occur in the different regions of the digestive tract. Section: 24.02 Topic: Digestive System Type: Study Guide

11. Which of the following is NOT a function of the stomach?

A. storage B. protein digestion C. absorption of aspirin D. segmental contractions

Bloom's Level: 1. Remember HAPS Objective: N01.01 Describe the major functions of the digestive system. Learning Outcome: 24.9082A. Describe the major functions of the digestive system.

Learning Outcome: 24.02B. State which digestive functions occur in the

different regions of the digestive tract. Section: 24.02 Topic: Digestive System Type: Study Guide

99

12. Which of the following is NOT a function of the small intestine?

A. mastication of food B. absorption of nutrients C. complete digestion of food D. mixing by segmental contractions Bloom's Level: 1. Remember HAPS Objective: N01.01 Describe the major functions of the digestive system. Learning Outcome: 24.02A. Describe the major functions of the digestive system.

Learning Outcome: 24.02B. State which digestive functions occur in the different regions of the digestive tract. Section: 24.02 Topic: Digestive System Type: Study Guide 13. Arrange the following in proper sequence: (1) digestion (2) elimination (3) ingestion (4) absorption A. 3, 4, 2, 1 B. 1, 4, 3, 2 C. 4, 1, 2, 3 D. 3, 4, 1, 2 E. 3, 1, 4, 2

Bloom's Level: 2. Understand HAPS Objective: N01.01 Describe the major functions of the digestive system. Learning Outcome: 24.02A. Describe the major functions of the digestive system.

Learning Outcome: 24.02B. State which digestive functions occur in the different regions of the digestive tract. Section: 24.02 Topic: Digestive System Type: Study Guide

10

14. Diffusion and active transport are likely to be important in A. mastication of food.

B. absorption of food.

C. elimination of undigested food.

D. propulsion of food through the digestive tract.

E. mixing of food.

Bloom's Level: 1. Remember HAPS Objective: N01.01 Describe the major functions of the digestive system. Learning Outcome: 24.02A. Describe the major functions of the digestive system.

Learning Outcome: 24.02B. State which digestive functions occur in the different regions of the digestive tract. Section: 24.02 Topic: Digestive System Type: Study Guide

15. Which of the following occurs in the large intestine?

A. chemical digestion B. mass movements C. mastication D. mixing waves E. neutralization

Bloom's Level: 1. Remember HAPS Objective: N01.01 Describe the major functions of the digestive system. Learning Outcome: 24.02A. Describe the major functions of the digestive system.

Learning Outcome: 24.02B. State which digestive functions occur in the different regions of the digestive tract. Section: 24.02 Type: Study Guide 16. In order to remove a tumor in the muscular tunic of the stomach, a surgeon must cut through the A. lamina propria.

B. submucosa.

C. serosa.

D. mucosa.

E. lamina propria.

Bloom's Level: 1. Remember HAPS Objective: N02.01a Identify, and describ1e0 the histological structure and the function of, each of the four layers of the alimentary canal wall - the mucosa, the submucosa, the muscularis externa, and the serosa (visceral peritoneum).

Learning Outcome: 24.03A. Describe the histology of the digestive tract. Section: 24.03 Topic: Digestive System

10

17. The muscularis layer in the wall of the digestive tract is A. skeletal muscle throughout the tract, especially in the large intestine.

B. the layer of the digestive tract wall that contains capillaries.

C. in direct contact with the food that is consumed.

D. composed of a layer of circular smooth muscle fibers and a layer of longitudinalsmooth muscle fibers.

E. connective tissue and the peritoneum.

Bloom's Level: 1. Remember HAPS Objective: N02.01a Identify, and describe the histological structure and the function of, each of the four layers of the alimentary canal wall - the mucosa, the submucosa, the muscularis externa, and the serosa (visceral peritoneum).

Learning Outcome: 24.03A. Describe the histology of the digestive tract. Section: 24.03 Topic: Digestive System 18. The enteric plexus A. is found in the mucosa.

B. consists of the myenteric plexus and the celiac plexus.

C. contains sympathetic neurons and fibers.

D. controls movement and secretion of the digestive tract.

E. is a valve in the GI tract.

Bloom's Level: 1. Remember HAPS Objective: N02.01b Describe regional specializations in the histological structure of the alimentary canal and relate these specializations to the functions of the particular organs in which they are located.

Learning Outcome: 24.03A. Describe the histology of the digestive tract. Section: 24.03 Topic: Digestive System Type: Study Guide

10

19. Which layer of the digestive tract is in direct contact with the food consumed?

A. mucosa B. muscularis C. submucosa D. serosa E. peritoneum Bloom's Level: 1. Remember HAPS Objective: N02.01a Identify, and describe the histological structure and the function of, each of the four layers of the alimentary canal wall - the mucosa, the submucosa, the muscularis externa, and the serosa (visceral peritoneum).

HAPS Objective: N02.01b Describe regional specializations in the histological structure of the alimentary canal and relate these specializations to the functions of the particular organs in which they are located.

Learning Outcome: 24.03A. Describe the histology of the digestive tract. Section: 24.03 Topic: Digestive System

20. Which of the following is correctly matched?

A. mucosa - controls peristalsis B. serosa - contains an extensive supply of nerves and blood vessels C. submucosa - lamina propria D. serosa - increased surface area E. muscularis - responsible for peristalsis

Bloom's Level: 1. Remember HAPS Objective: N02.01a Identify, and describe the histological structure and the function of, each of the four layers of the alimentary canal wall - the mucosa, the submucosa, the muscularis externa, and the serosa (visceral peritoneum).

HAPS Objective: N02.01b Describe regional specializations in the histological structure of the alimentary canal and relate these specializations to the functions of the particular organs in which they are located.

Learning Outcome: 24.03A. Describe the histology of the digestive tract. Section: 24.03 Topic: Digestive System Type: Study Guide

10

21. The myenteric plexus is found in the A. mucosa B. serosa C. submucosa D. muscularis E. adventitia

of the digestive tract wall.

Bloom's Level: 1. Remember HAPS Objective: N02.01a Identify, and describe the histological structure and the function of, each of the four layers of the alimentary canal wall - the mucosa, the submucosa, the muscularis externa, and the serosa (visceral peritoneum).

Learning Outcome: 24.03A. Describe the histology of the digestive tract. Section: 24.03 Topic: Digestive System 22. The enteric plexus A. is found in the mucosa B. consists of the myenteric plexus and the ciliac plexus C. helps control movement and secretions of the digestive tract D. contains parasympathetic neurons E. helps control movement and secretions of the digestive tract and containsparasympathetic neurons

Bloom's Level: 1. Remember HAPS Objective: N02.01a Identify, and describe the histological structure and the function of, each of the four layers of the alimentary canal wall - the mucosa, the submucosa, the muscularis externa, and the serosa (visceral peritoneum).

HAPS Objective: N02.01b Describe regional specializations in the histological structure of the alimentary canal and relate these specializations to the functions of the particular organs in which they are located.

Learning Outcome: 24.03A. Describe the histology of the digestive tract. Section: 24.03 Topic: Digestive System Type: Study Guide

10

23. Beginning at the lumen, the sequence of layers of the digestive tract wall is A. submucosa, mucosa, serous membrane, muscularis.

B. muscularis, lamina propria, submucosa, mucosa.

C. mucosa, submucosa, muscularis, serosa.

D. peritoneum, submucosa, mucosa, lamina propria.

E. submucosa, mucosa, adventitia, muscularis.

Bloom's Level: 1. Remember HAPS Objective: N02.01a Identify, and describe the histological structure and the function of, each of the four layers of the alimentary canal wall - the mucosa, the submucosa, the muscularis externa, and the serosa (visceral peritoneum).

Learning Outcome: 24.03A. Describe the histology of the digestive tract. Section: 24.03 Topic: Digestive System Type: Study Guide

24. What is the function of interstitial cells of the myenteric plexus?

A. chemoreceptors that detect the chemical composition of food B. production of mucus for lubrication and protection C. pacemaker cells that promote rhythmic contractions of the smooth muscle D. release of enzymes for chemical digestion

Bloom's Level: 1. Remember HAPS Objective: N02.01a Identify, and describe the histological structure and the function of, each of the four layers of the alimentary canal wall - the mucosa, the submucosa, the muscularis externa, and the serosa (visceral peritoneum).

HAPS Objective: N02.01b Describe regional specializations in the histological structure of the alimentary canal and relate these specializations to the functions of the particular organs in which they are located.

Learning Outcome: 24.03A. Describe the histology of the digestive tract. Section: 24.03 Topic: Digestive System Type: Study Guide

25. Secretions that are added as food moves through the GI tract assist in A. liquefying and digesting the food.

B. vitamin A and D production and storage.

C. distribution of nutrients throughout the body.

D. insulin production.

E. bile production.

10

Bloom's Level: 1. Remember

Learning Outcome: 24.03B. List the types of glands associated with the digestive tract. Section: 24.03 Topic: Digestive System Type: Study Guide

10

26. What is the function of enteric sensory neurons?

A. detect changes in chemical composition of digestive tract contents B. stimulate or inhibit smooth muscle contraction in the digestive tract C. stimulate or inhibit glandular secretion in the digestive tract D. detect stretch of the digestive tract wall E. detect changes in chemical composition of digestive tract contents and detect stretch ofthe digestive tract wall Bloom's Level: 1. Remember HAPS Objective: N08.02 Discuss regulation of reflexes by the enteric nervous system and the parasympathetic nervous system. Learning Outcome: 24.04A. Describe the overall neural and chemical regulation of the digestive system.

Section: 24.04 Topic: Digestive System Type: Study Guide

27. Parasympathetic nerves extend to the digestive tract through the A. gastric B. cardiac C. vagus D. accessory

nerve.

Bloom's Level: 1. Remember HAPS Objective: N05.04d Discuss the specific role of the sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous system in the defecation reflex. HAPS Objective: N08.02 Discuss regulation of reflexes by the enteric nervous system and the parasympathetic nervous system.

Learning Outcome: 24.04A. Describe the overall neural and chemical regulation of the digestive system. Section: 24.04 Topic: Digestive System Type: Study Guide

True / False Questions 28. The enteric nervous system acts independently of the CNS to control local reflexes inthe digestive tract.

TRUE 10

Bloom's Level: 1. Remember

HAPS Objective: N08.02 Discuss regulation of reflexes by the enteric nervous system and the parasympathetic nervous system. Learning Outcome: 24.04A. Describe the overall neural and chemical regulation of the digestive system.

Section: 24.04 Topic: Digestive System

10

Multiple Choice Questions 29. What disease is caused by the absence of enteric neurons in the distal large intestine?

A. Hirschprung disease B. multiple endocrine neoplasia type 2 C. spastic colon D. gastroenteritis

Bloom's Level: 1. Remember HAPS Objective: N08.02 Discuss regulation of reflexes by the enteric nervous system and the parasympathetic nervous system. HAPS Objective: N10.01 Predict factors or situations affecting the digestive system that could disrupt homeostasis.

HAPS Objective: N10.02 Predict the types of problems that would occur in the body if the digestive system could not maintain homeostasis. Learning Outcome: 24.04A. Describe the overall neural and chemical regulation of the digestive system.

Section: 24.04 Topic: Digestive System 30. What are the two major neurotransmitters of the ENS in the digestive tract?

A. epinephrine and serotonin B. epinephrine and norepinephrine C. acetylcholine and epinephrine D. norepinephrine and acetylcholine

Bloom's Level: 1. Remember HAPS Objective: N08.02 Discuss regulation of reflexes by the enteric nervous system and the parasympathetic nervous system. Learning Outcome: 24.04A. Describe the overall neural and chemical regulation of the digestive system.

Section: 24.04 Topic: Digestive System Type: Study Guide

31. The role of acetylcholine in the digestive tract is to norepinephrine is to .

A. stimulate, stimulate B. stimulate, inhibit C. inhibit, inhibit D. inhibit, stimulate

, while the role of

Bloom's Level: 1. Remember HAPS Objective: N08.02 Discuss regulation of reflexes by the enteric nervous system and the parasympathetic nervous system. Learn11ing Outcome: 24.04A. Describe the overall neural and chemical regulation of the digestive system.

Section: 24.04 Topic: Digestive System

32. What is the role of serotonin in the digestive tract?

A. decreased nausea B. stimulates motility C. hormone release D. inhibits motility Bloom's Level: 1. Remember HAPS Objective: N08.02 Discuss regulation of reflexes by the enteric nervous system and the parasympathetic nervous system. Learning Outcome: 24.04A. Describe the overall neural and chemical regulation of the digestive system.

Section: 24.04 Topic: Digestive System

33. The abdominal cavity is lined with A. the omental bursa.

B. mesenteries.

C. the greater omentum.

D. parietal peritoneum.

E. superficial fascia.

Bloom's Level: 1. Remember HAPS Objective: N04.01 Describe the histology of the visceral and parietal peritoneum.

HAPS Objective: N04.02 Differentiate between intraperitoneal and retroperitoneal location of digestive structures. Learning Outcome: 24.05A. Describe the peritoneum and its function.

Section: 24.05 Topic: Digestive System Type: Study Guide 34. Which of the following organs is retroperitoneal?

A. pancreas B. ascending colon C. duodenum D. descending colon E. All of these organs are retroperitoneal Bloom's Level: 1. Remember HAPS Objective: N04.01 Describe the histology of the visceral and parietal peritoneum.

HAPS Objective: N04.02 Differentiate between intraperitoneal and retroperitoneal location of digestive structures. Learning Outcome: 24.05A. Describe the peritoneum and its function.

Section: 24.05 Topic: Digestive 11 System Type: Study Guide

35. Abdominal organs that lie against the body wall and have no mesenteries are said to be A. retroperitoneal.

B. antiperitoneal.

C. falciperitoneal.

D. hyperperitoneal.

E. mesoperitoneal.

Bloom's Level: 1. Remember HAPS Objective: N04.01 Describe the histology of the visceral and parietal peritoneum.

HAPS Objective: N04.02 Differentiate between intraperitoneal and retroperitoneal location of digestive structures. Learning Outcome: 24.05A. Describe the peritoneum and its function.

Section: 24.05 Topic: Digestive System 36. A large amount of fat accumulates in the A. greater omentum.

B. lesser omentum.

C. coronary ligament.

D. sigmoid mesocolon.

E. visceral peritoneum.

Bloom's Level: 1. Remember HAPS Objective: N04.01 Describe the histology of the visceral and parietal peritoneum.

HAPS Objective: N04.02 Differentiate between intraperitoneal and retroperitoneal location of digestive structures. Learning Outcome: 24.05A. Describe the peritoneum and its function.

Section: 24.05 Topic: Digestive System Type: Study Guide

11

37. A man had a gunshot wound in his abdomen. The bullet passed through his anterior body and lodged inside the transverse colon. What layers did the bullet pass through to arrive at the location?

(1) parietal peritoneum (2) visceral peritoneum A. 1, 2 B. 1, 2, 1, 2 C. 1, 2, 2, 1 D. 1, 2, 2, 2 E. 2, 1, 1, 1 Bloom's Level: 4. Analyze HAPS Objective: N04.01 Describe the histology of the visceral and parietal peritoneum.

HAPS Objective: N04.02 Differentiate between intraperitoneal and retroperitoneal location of digestive structures. Learning Outcome: 24.05A. Describe the peritoneum and its function.

Section: 24.05 Topic: Digestive System 38. Which of the following attaches the liver to the anterior abdominal wall?

A. greater omentum B. lesser omentum C. transverse mesocolon D. falciform ligament E. round ligament Bloom's Level: 1. Remember HAPS Objective: N04.01 Describe the histology of the visceral and parietal peritoneum.

HAPS Objective: N04.02 Differentiate between intraperitoneal and retroperitoneal location of digestive structures. Learning Outcome: 24.05A. Describe the peritoneum and its function.

Section: 24.05 Topic: Digestive System Type: Study Guide

11

39. The oral cavity A. opens into the nasopharynx.

B. directly connects with the esophagus.

C. contains the parotid salivary glands.

D. has boundaries that include the lips, palate and cheeks.

E. is lined with cuboidal epithelium.

Bloom's Level: 1. Remember HAPS Objective: N02.02a Identify the boundaries of the oral cavity.

Learning Outcome: 24.06A. Describe the oral cavity and the structure and function of the lips, cheeks, palate, and tongue. Section: 24.06 Topic: Digestive System

40. The lips, cheek, and tongue all aid in A. speech and swallowing.

B. mastication, speech, and swallowing.

C. mastication and swallowing.

D. mastication and sense of taste.

E. deglutition and peristalsis.

Bloom's Level: 1. Remember HAPS Objective: N02.02b Identify the hard and soft palates of the oral cavity and discuss their functions.

HAPS Objective: N02.02c Describe the structures of the tongue, including taste buds and papillae, and discuss their functions. Learning Outcome: 24.06A. Describe the oral cavity and the structure and function of the lips, cheeks, palate, and tongue.

Section: 24.06 Topic: Digestive System

41. The tongue A. secretes saliva.

B. plays a major role in swallowing.

C. contains a lot of connective and lymphatic tissues.

D. is attached to the hard palate.

E. functions in deglutition apnea.

Bloom's Level: 1. Remember HAPS Objective: N02.02c Describe the structures of the tongue, including taste buds and papillae, and discuss their functions. Learning Outcome: 24.06A. Describe the oral cavity and the structure and function of the lips, cheeks, palate, and tongue.

Section: 24.06 Topic: Digestive System 11

42. Which of the following is associated with the tongue?

A. uvula B. constrictor muscles C. papillae and taste buds D. periodontal ligament E. fauces Bloom's Level: 1. Remember HAPS Objective: N02.02c Describe the structures of the tongue, including taste buds and papillae, and discuss their functions. Learning Outcome: 24.06A. Describe the oral cavity and the structure and function of the lips, cheeks, palate, and tongue.

Section: 24.06 Topic: Digestive System

43. What muscle forms the lips?

A. buccinator muscle B. orbicularis oculi muscle C. orbicularis oris muscle D. labial frenulum muscle Bloom's Level: 1. Remember HAPS Objective: N02.02b Identify the hard and soft palates of the oral cavity and discuss their functions.

Learning Outcome: 24.06A. Describe the oral cavity and the structure and function of the lips, cheeks, palate, and tongue. Section: 24.06 Topic: Digestive System 44. What muscle forms the cheeks?

A. buccinator muscle B. orbicularis oculi muscle C. orbicularis oris D. zygomaticus muscles Bloom's Level: 1. Remember HAPS Objective: N02.02b Identify the hard and soft palates of the oral cavity and discuss their functions.

Learning Outcome: 24.06A. Describe the oral cavity and the structure and function of the lips, cheeks, palate, and tongue. Section: 24.06 Topic: Digestive System

11

45. Which of the following would inhibit normal movements of the tongue?

A. swollen lips B. lingual frenulum extending to tip of tongue C. decrease in number of taste buds D. loss of all teeth E. swollen tonsils Bloom's Level: 3. Apply HAPS Objective: N02.02b Identify the hard and soft palates of the oral cavity and discuss their functions.

HAPS Objective: N02.02c Describe the structures of the tongue, including taste buds and papillae, and discuss their functions. Learning Outcome: 24.06A. Describe the oral cavity and the structure and function of the lips, cheeks, palate, and tongue.

Section: 24.06 Topic: Digestive System 46. Lipid-soluble drugs placed under the tongue A. are more easily swallowed.

B. can be detected by taste buds.

C. are quickly dissolved and absorbed.

D. are then easy to chew.

E. are not readily absorbed.

Bloom's Level: 2. Understand HAPS Objective: N02.02b Identify the hard and soft palates of the oral cavity and discuss their functions.

HAPS Objective: N02.02c Describe the structures of the tongue, including taste buds and papillae, and discuss their functions. Learning Outcome: 24.06A. Describe the oral cavity and the structure and function of the lips, cheeks, palate, and tongue.

Section: 24.06 Topic: Digestive System

11

47.

A swollen uvula might interfere with which of the following?

A. mastication

B. deglutition and breathing

C. chemical digestion

D. olfaction

Bloom's Level: 3. Apply HAPS Objective: N02.02b Identify the hard and soft palates of the oral cavity and discuss their functions.

Learning Outcome: 24.06A. Describe the oral cavity and the structure and function of the lips, cheeks, palate, and tongue. Section: 24.06 Topic: Digestive System 48. What is the function of the intrinsic muscles of the tongue?

A. sticking the tongue out B. moving the tongue side to side C. changing the tongue shape during swallowing D. retracting the tongue Bloom's Level: 1. Remember HAPS Objective: N02.02b Identify the hard and soft palates of the oral cavity and discuss their functions.

HAPS Objective: N02.02c Describe the structures of the tongue, including taste buds and papillae, and discuss their functions. Learning Outcome: 24.06A. Describe the oral cavity and the structure and function of the lips, cheeks, palate, and tongue.

Section: 24.06 11 Topic: Digestive System

49. Which of the following is NOT a necessary function of the tongue?

A. swallowing B. chewing C. taste D. speech Bloom's Level: 1. Remember HAPS Objective: N02.02c Describe the structures of the tongue, including taste buds and papillae, and discuss their functions. Learning Outcome: 24.06A. Describe the oral cavity and the structure and function of the lips, cheeks, palate, and tongue.

Section: 24.06 Topic: Digestive System

50. Which of the following pairs is mismatched?

A. crown - enamel B. root - root canal C. alveoli - periodontal ligament D. pulp cavity - cementum E. apical foramen - blood supply Bloom's Level: 2. Understand HAPS Objective: N02.02f Identify the anatomical structures of a tooth in the oral cavity.

Learning Outcome: 24.06B. Outline the structure and types of adult teeth and describe the process of mastication. Section: 24.06 Topic: Digestive System 51. Teeth in adults A. are replaced by osteoblast activity if they are extracted.

B. are distributed so that there is one canine tooth in each half jaw.

C. are all of the same type - molars.

D. are composed of living cells called enamel cells.

E. do not play a role in speech.

Bloom's Level: 1. Remember HAPS Objective: N02.02d Identify the different types of teeth and discuss their functions.

HAPS Objective: N02.02e State the dental formulas for both deciduous and permanent teeth in the oral cavity. Learning Outcome: 24.06B. Outline the structure and types of adult teeth and describe the process of mastication.

Section: 24.06 Topic: Digestive System

11

52. The helps hold a tooth in its socket.

A. crown B. cementum C. periodontal ligament D. dental arch E. alveoli Bloom's Level: 1. Remember HAPS Objective: N02.02f Identify the anatomical structures of a tooth in the oral cavity.

Learning Outcome: 24.06B. Outline the structure and types of adult teeth and describe the process of mastication. Section: 24.06 Topic: Digestive System

53. Inflammation of the gums is called A. dental carries.

B. pyorrhea.

C. halitosis.

D. gingivitus.

Bloom's Level: 1. Remember HAPS Objective: N02.02b Identify the hard and soft palates of the oral cavity and discuss their functions. HAPS Objective: N02.02f Identify the anatomical structures of a tooth in the oral cavity.

Learning Outcome: 24.06B. Outline the structure and types of adult teeth and describe the process of mastication. Section: 24.06 Topic: Digestive System

54. Which of the following is NOT a muscle of mastication?

A. temporalis B. masseter C. medial and lateral pterygoids D. buccinator

Bloom's Level: 1. Remember HAPS Objective: N02.02b Identify the hard and soft palates of the oral cavity and discuss their functions.

HAPS Objective: N06.01b List the organs and structures of the digestive system that function in mechanical digestion and explain the details of the process for each.

Learning Outcome: 24.06A. Describe the oral cavity and the structure and function of the lips, cheeks, palate, and tongue. Learning Outcome: 24.06B. Outline the structure and types of adult teeth and describe the process of mastication.

Section: 24.06 11 Topic: Digestive System

55. Saliva A. is produced only when there is food in the mouth.

B. increases ulceration in the mouth.

C. is responsible for peristalsis in the mouth.

D. moistens food and begins starch digestion in the mouth.

E. does not prevent bacterial infection in the mouth.

Bloom's Level: 1. Remember HAPS Objective: N03.01b Contrast the histology and the products of the serous cells and the mucous cells in the salivary glands. HAPS Objective: N06.02b List the organs and structures of the digestive system that function in enzymatic hydrolysis.

Learning Outcome: 24.06C. Compare the structures and locations of the major salivary glands and describe the composition and functions of saliva and the control of its release.

Section: 24.06 Topic: Digestive System

56. The salivary glands that open into the oral cavity beside the frenulum of the tongueare the A. parotid glands.

B. sublingual glands.

C. submandibular glands.

D. labial glands.

E. lacrimal glands.

Bloom's Level: 1. Remember HAPS Objective: N03.01a Describe the location of the parotid, submandibular, and sublingual glands and their respective ducts in the salivary glands.

Learning Outcome: 24.06C. Compare the structures and locations of the major salivary glands and describe the composition and functions of saliva and the control of its release.

Section: 24.06 Topic: Digestive System

12

57. The salivary glands located just anterior to the ear are the A. parotid glands.

B. submandibular glands.

C. buccal glands.

D. labial glands.

E. sublingual glands.

Bloom's Level: 1. Remember HAPS Objective: N03.01a Describe the location of the parotid, submandibular, and sublingual glands and their respective ducts in the salivary glands.

Learning Outcome: 24.06C. Compare the structures and locations of the major salivary glands and describe the composition and functions of saliva and the control of its release.

Section: 24.06 Topic: Digestive System

58. Which of the following components of saliva is mismatched with its function?

A. mucin - lubricant B. lysozyme - antibacterial properties C. bicarbonate - neutralizes acid D. IgA - prevents infection E. salivary amylase - begins protein digestion Bloom's Level: 1. Remember HAPS Objective: N06.02c List the enzymes used in enzymatic hydrolysis.

HAPS Objective: N06.02e List the substrates and products of enzymatic hydrolysis for each enzyme.

Learning Outcome: 24.06C. Compare the structures and locations of the major salivary glands and describe the composition and functions of saliva and the control of its release.

Section: 24.06 Topic: Digestive System Type: Study Guide

12

59. The digestive functions performed by saliva and salivary amylase respectively are A. flushing and protein digestion.

B. swallowing and fat digestion.

C. peristalsis and polysaccharide digestion.

D. moistening and starch digestion.

E. None of these choices is correct.

Bloom's Level: 2. Understand HAPS Objective: N03.01b Contrast the histology and the products of the serous cells and the mucous cells in the salivary glands. HAPS Objective: N06.02b List the organs and structures of the digestive system that function in enzymatic hydrolysis.

Learning Outcome: 24.06C. Compare the structures and locations of the major salivary glands and describe the composition and functions of saliva and the control of its release.

Section: 24.06 Topic: Digestive System Type: Study Guide

60. Salivary gland secretion is primarily controlled by the A. facial and glossopharyngeal nerves.

B. vagus nerve.

C. taste centers of the medulla.

D. intercostal nerves.

E. trigeminal nerve.

12

Chapter 6 Pelvis and Perineum Multiple Choice Questions 1. What is/are the main excretory organ/s of the body?

A. skin B. lungs C. intestines D. kidneys Blooms Level: 1. Remember HAPS Objective: P01.01 Describe the major functions of the urinary system. HAPS Topic: Module P Urinary System Learning Outcome: 26.01A. List the organs of the urinary system. Learning Outcome: 26.01B. Describe the main functions of the kidneys.

Section: 26.01 Topic: General functions of the 12 urinary system Topic: Urinary System Type: Study Guide

2. The kidney functions in A. preventing blood loss.

B. white blood cell production.

C. synthesis of vitamin E. D. excretion of metabolic wastes.

E. production of the hormone aldosterone.

Blooms Level: 1. Remember HAPS Objective: P01.01 Describe the major functions of the urinary system. HAPS Topic: Module P Urinary System Learning Outcome: 26.01B. Describe the main functions of the kidneys. Section: 26.01 Topic: General functions of the urinary system Topic: Urinary System Type: Study Guide

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3. Which of the following functions would not be performed by the kidney?

A. urine storage B. excretion of waste C. maintenance of fluid balance D. regulate synthesis of vitamin D E. regulate synthesis of RBCs Blooms Level: 1. Remember HAPS Objective: P01.01 Describe the major functions of the urinary system. HAPS Topic: Module P Urinary System Learning Outcome: 26.01B. Describe the main functions of the kidneys. Section: 26.01 Topic: General functions of the urinary system Topic: Urinary System Type: Study Guide 4. Urine is carried from the kidneys to the urinary bladder by the A. urethra.

B. ureter.

C. calyces.

D. renal columns.

E. renal tubules.

Blooms Level: 1. Remember HAPS Objective: P02.01b Identify, and describe the structure and location of, the ureters, urinary bladder and urethra with respect to gross anatomy of the urinary tract.

HAPS Topic: Module P Urinary System Section: 26.01 Topic: Gross anatomy of the urinary system Topic: Urinary System Type: Study Guide

12

5. Arrange the following structures in correct sequence: (1) ureter (2) renal pelvis (3) calyx (4) urinary bladder (5) urethra A. 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 B. 3, 2, 1, 4, 5 C. 2, 4, 5, 3, 1 D. 3, 4, 1, 2, 5 E. 1, 3, 2, 4, 5

Blooms Level: 1. Remember HAPS Objective: P02.01b Identify, and describe the structure and location of, the ureters, urinary bladder and urethra with respect to gross anatomy of the urinary tract.

HAPS Topic: Module P Urinary System Learning Outcome: 26.01A. List the organs of the urinary system. Section: 26.01 Topic: Gross anatomy of the urinary system Topic: Urinary System Type: Study Guide 6. The kidney is protected from mechanical shock by the A. hilum.

B. renal fascia.

C. renal fat pad.

D. renal capsule.

E. renal cortex.

Blooms Level: 1. Remember HAPS Objective: P02.01a Describe the external structure of the kidney, including its location, support structures and covering with respect to gross anatomy of the urinary tract.

HAPS Topic: Module P Urinary System Learning Outcome: 26.02A. Describe the location and external anatomy of the kidneys. Section: 26.02 Topic: Gross anatomy of the urinary system Topic: Urinary System Type: Study Guide

12

7. Blood vessels, nerves, and the ureter enter and leave the kidney at the A. hilum.

B. renal fascia.

C. renal pelvis.

D. renal capsule.

E. renal pyramid.

Blooms Level: 1. Remember HAPS Objective: P02.01a Describe the external structure of the kidney, including its location, support structures and covering with respect to gross anatomy of the urinary tract.

HAPS Topic: Module P Urinary System Learning Outcome: 26.02A. Describe the location and external anatomy of the kidneys. Section: 26.02 Topic: Gross anatomy of the urinary system Topic: Urinary System Type: Study Guide 8. The ureter expands into the substance of the kidney as the A. hilum.

B. renal pelvis.

C. renal capsule.

D. renal pyramid.

E. renal corpuscle.

Blooms Level: 1. Remember HAPS Objective: P02.01a Describe the external structure of the kidney, including its location, support structures and covering with respect to gross anatomy of the urinary tract.

HAPS Topic: Module P Urinary System Learning Outcome: 26.02A. Describe the location and external anatomy of the kidneys. Section: 26.02 Topic: Gross anatomy of the urinary system Topic: Urinary System Type: Study Guide

12

9. The portion of the kidney that is composed of cone-shaped renal pyramids is called the A. cortex.

B. medulla.

C. pelvis.

D. calyx.

E. columns.

Blooms Level: 1. Remember HAPS Objective: P02.01d Identify the major internal divisions and structures of the renal tissue with respect to gross anatomy of the urinary tract.

HAPS Objective: P02.04b histologically between renal cortex and medulla. HAPS Topic: Module P Urinary System Learning Outcome: 26.02B. Describe the inner regions of the kidney. Section: 26.02 Topic: Gross anatomy of the urinary system Topic: Urinary System Type: Study Guide 10. Cortical tissue located between the pyramids is called the A. calyx tissue.

B. renal papillae.

C. renal columns.

D. medullary rays.

E. renal corpuscles.

Blooms Level: 1. Remember HAPS Objective: P02.03b Compare and contrast cortical and juxtamedullary nephrons in the nephron and collecting system. HAPS Topic: Module P Urinary System Learning Outcome: 26.02B. Describe the inner regions of the kidney. Section: 26.02 Topic: Gross anatomy of the urinary system Topic: Urinary System Type: Study Guide

12

11. The tip of each renal pyramid is called A. a nephron.

B. a renal papilla.

C. a renal column.

D. a medullary ray.

E. the apex.

Blooms Level: 1. Remember HAPS Objective: P02.01d Identify the major internal divisions and structures of the renal tissue with respect to gross anatomy of the urinary tract.

HAPS Topic: Module P Urinary System Learning Outcome: 26.02B. Describe the inner regions of the kidney. Section: 26.02 Topic: Gross anatomy of the urinary system Topic: Urinary System Type: Study Guide 12. The renal papillae extend into the A. cortex.

B. renal columns.

C. minor calyces.

D. major calyces.

Blooms Level: 1. Remember HAPS Objective: P02.01d Identify the major internal divisions and structures of the renal tissue with respect to gross anatomy of the urinary tract.

HAPS Topic: Module P Urinary System Learning Outcome: 26.02B. Describe the inner regions of the kidney. Section: 26.02 Topic: Gross anatomy of the urinary system Topic: Urinary System Type: Study Guide

12

13. The structural and functional units of the kidney are called A. nephrons.

B. renal papillae.

C. renal pyramids.

D. renal columns.

E. renal tubes.

Blooms Level: 1. Remember HAPS Objective: P02.01d Identify the major internal divisions and structures of the renal tissue with respect to gross anatomy of the urinary tract.

HAPS Objective: P02.03a Identify the major structures and subdivisions of the renal corpuscles, renal tubules and renal capillaries in the nephron and collecting system.

HAPS Topic: Module P Urinary System Learning Outcome: 26.02B. Describe the inner regions of the kidney. Section: 26.02 Topic: Microscopic anatomy of the urinary system Topic: Urinary System

14. The juxtamedullary nephrons A. have long loops of Henle.

B. are found next to the renal capsule.

C. comprise 85% of all nephrons.

D. have their renal corpuscles located in the medulla.

E. have short loops of Henle.

Blooms Level: 1. Remember HAPS Objective: P02.03b Compare and contrast cortical and juxtamedullary nephrons in the nephron and collecting system. HAPS Topic: Module P Urinary System Learning Outcome: 26.02C. Give the details of the nephron's structure and histology. Section: 26.02 Topic: Microscopic anatomy of the urinary system Topic: Urinary System Type: Study Guide

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15. Which of the following is NOT part of a nephron?

A. loop of Henle B. collecting duct C. renal corpuscle D. proximal convoluted tubule E. distal convoluted tubule Blooms Level: 1. Remember HAPS Objective: P02.04a Describe the histological structure of the proximal convoluted tubule, loop of Henle, distal convoluted tubule, and collecting duct of the kidney.

HAPS Topic: Module P Urinary System Learning Outcome: 26.02C. Give the details of the nephron's structure and histology. Section: 26.02 Topic: Microscopic anatomy of the urinary system Topic: Urinary System Type: Study Guide 16. The network of capillaries that is located in Bowman's capsule is called the A. vasa recta.

B. glomerulus.

C. peritubular capillary.

D. proximal convoluted capillary.

E. efferent arteriole.

Blooms Level: 1. Remember HAPS Objective: P02.03c Compare and contrast the structure and function of glomerular and peritubular capillaries in the nephron and collecting system.

HAPS Topic: Module P Urinary System Learning Outcome: 26.02C. Give the details of the nephron's structure and histology. Section: 26.02 Topic: Microscopic anatomy of the urinary system Topic: Urinary System Type: Study Guide

13

17. The renal corpuscle consists of A. the renal pelvis and the renal tubules.

B. the glomerulus and Bowman's capsule.

C. Bowman's capsule and the renalpelvis.

D. the proximal convoluted tubule and the glomerulus.

E. afferent and efferent arteriole.

Blooms Level: 1. Remember HAPS Objective: P02.03a Identify the major structures and subdivisions of the renal corpuscles, renal tubules and renal capillaries in the nephron and collecting system.

HAPS Topic: Module P Urinary System Learning Outcome: 26.02C. Give the details of the nephron's structure and histology. Section: 26.02 Topic: Microscopic anatomy of the urinary system Topic: Urinary System Type: Study Guide 18. Which of the following structures is a capillary?

A. glomerulus B. loop of Henle C. collecting duct D. Bowman's capsule E. proximal convoluted tubule Blooms Level: 1. Remember HAPS Objective: P02.03c Compare and contrast the structure and function of glomerular and peritubular capillaries in the nephron and collecting system.

HAPS Topic: Module P Urinary System Learning Outcome: 26.02C. Give the details of the nephron's structure and histology. Section: 26.02 Topic: Microscopic anatomy of the urinary system Topic: Urinary System Type: Study Guide

13

19. The visceral layer of Bowman's capsule A. is part of the filtration membrane.

B. is called endothelium.

C. contains podocytes.

D. is part of the filtration membrane and is called endothelium.

E. is part of the filtration membrane and contains podocytes.

Blooms Level: 1. Remember HAPS Objective: P03.02a Describe the structure of the filtration membrane. HAPS Topic: Module P Urinary System Learning Outcome: 26.02C. Give the details of the nephron's structure and histology. Section: 26.02 Topic: Microscopic anatomy of the urinary system Topic: Urinary System Type: Study Guide 20. Which of the following layers of the filtration membrane is closest to the plasma?

A. podocytes B. macula densa C. glomerular endothelium D. the basement membrane E. parietal layer of Bowman's capsule

Blooms Level: 1. Remember HAPS Objective: P03.02a Describe the structure of the filtration membrane. HAPS Topic: Module P Urinary System Learning Outcome: 26.02C. Give the details of the nephron's structure and histology. Section: 26.02 Topic: Microscopic anatomy of the urinary system Topic: Urinary System Type: Study Guide

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21. The inner layer of Bowman's capsule consists of specialized cells called A. nephrons.

B. podocytes.

C. nephrocytes.

D. juxtamedullary cells.

E. macula densa.

Blooms Level: 1. Remember HAPS Objective: P03.02a Describe the structure of the filtration membrane. HAPS Topic: Module P Urinary System Learning Outcome: 26.02C. Give the details of the nephron's structure and histology. Section: 26.02 Topic: Microscopic anatomy of the urinary system Topic: Urinary System Type: Study Guide 22. The openings between the endothelial cells of the glomerular capillaries are called A. fenestrae.

B. gap junctions.

C. filtration slits.

D. macula densa.

E. membrane channels.

Blooms Level: 1. Remember HAPS Objective: P02.03c Compare and contrast the structure and function of glomerular and peritubular capillaries in the nephron and collecting system.

HAPS Topic: Module P Urinary System Learning Outcome: 26.02C. Give the details of the nephron's structure and histology. Section: 26.02 Topic: Microscopic anatomy of the urinary system Topic: Urinary System Type: Study Guide

13

23. Filtration slits is the name given to the A. points where the afferent arterioles enter the renal corpuscle.

B. openings between the endothelial cells of the glomerular capillaries.

C. gaps between the podocyte processes in the visceral layer of Bowman's capsule.

D. basement membrane of the glomerular endothelium.

E. active transport channels.

Blooms Level: 1. Remember HAPS Objective: P03.02a Describe the structure of the filtration membrane. HAPS Topic: Module P Urinary System Learning Outcome: 26.02C. Give the details of the nephron's structure and histology. Section: 26.02 Topic: Microscopic anatomy of the urinary system Topic: Urinary System Type: Study Guide 24. An obstruction in the afferent arteriole would reduce the flow of blood into the A. glomerulus.

B. renal artery.

C. macula densa.

D. efferent arteriole.

E. arcuate artery.

Blooms Level: 2. Understand HAPS Objective: P02.03c Compare and contrast the structure and function of glomerular and peritubular capillaries in the nephron and collecting system.

HAPS Topic: Module P Urinary System Learning Outcome: 26.02C. Give the details of the nephron's structure and histology. Section: 26.02 Topic: Urinary System Type: Study Guide

13

25. The filtration membrane consists of the A. capillary epithelium, podocytes, and macula densa.

B. podocytes, basement membrane, and macula densa.

C. basement membrane, capillary epithelium, and macula densa.

D. parietal layer and visceral layer.

E. podocytes, capillary endothelium, and basement membrane.

Blooms Level: 1. Remember HAPS Objective: P03.02a Describe the structure of the filtration membrane. HAPS Topic: Module P Urinary System Learning Outcome: 26.02C. Give the details of the nephron's structure and histology. Section: 26.02 Topic: Microscopic anatomy of the urinary system Topic: Urinary System Type: Study Guide 26. Choose the term that does not belong.

A. glomerulus B. macula densa C. juxtaglomerular cells D. juxtaglomerular apparatus E. afferent arteriole

Blooms Level: 4. Analyze HAPS Objective: P02.03c Compare and contrast the structure and function of glomerular and peritubular capillaries in the nephron and collecting system.

HAPS Objective: P02.03d Identify the location, structures and cells of the juxtaglomerular apparatus in the nephron and collecting system. HAPS Topic: Module P Urinary System Learning Outcome: 26.02C. Give the details of the nephron's structure and histology. Section: 26.02 Topic: Microscopic anatomy of the urinary system Topic: Urinary System Type: Study Guide

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27. The juxtaglomerular apparatus is composed of A. juxtaglomerular cells and the macula densa.

B. podocytes and juxtaglomerular cells.

C. the macula densa and the filtration membrane.

D. juxtaglomerular cells and the filtration membrane.

E. glomerulus and Bowman's capsule.

Blooms Level: 1. Remember HAPS Objective: P02.03d Identify the location, structures and cells of the juxtaglomerular apparatus in the nephron and collecting system. HAPS Topic: Module P Urinary System Learning Outcome: 26.02C. Give the details of the nephron's structure and histology. Section: 26.02 Topic: Microscopic anatomy of the urinary system Topic: Urinary System Type: Study Guide 28. The portion of the nephron that empties into the collecting duct is the A. glomerulus.

B. ascending loop of Henle.

C. distal convoluted tubule.

D. proximal convoluted tubule.

E. descending loop of Henle.

Blooms Level: 1. Remember HAPS Objective: P02.04a Describe the histological structure of the proximal convoluted tubule, loop of Henle, distal convoluted tubule, and collecting duct of the kidney.

HAPS Topic: Module P Urinary System Learning Outcome: 26.02C. Give the details of the nephron's structure and histology. Section: 26.02 Topic: Microscopic anatomy of the urinary system Topic: Urinary System Type: Study Guide

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29. The renal corpuscle connects to the A. loop of Henle.

B. collecting duct.

C. distal convoluted tubule.

D. renal convoluted tubule.

E. proximal convoluted tubule.

Blooms Level: 1. Remember HAPS Objective: P02.03a Identify the major structures and subdivisions of the renal corpuscles, renal tubules and renal capillaries in the nephron and collecting system.

HAPS Objective: P02.04a Describe the histological structure of the proximal convoluted tubule, loop of Henle, distal convoluted tubule, and collecting duct of the kidney.

HAPS Topic: Module P Urinary System Learning Outcome: 26.02C. Give the details of the nephron's structure and histology. Section: 26.02 Topic: Microscopic anatomy of the urinary system Topic: Urinary System Type: Study Guide

30. Which of the following is between the proximal and distal convoluted tubules?

A. the glomerulus B. the loop of Henle C. the distal convoluted tubule D. the proximal convoluted tubule E. collecting duct

Blooms Level: 1. Remember HAPS Objective: P02.04a Describe the histological structure of the proximal convoluted tubule, loop of Henle, distal convoluted tubule, and collecting duct of the kidney.

HAPS Topic: Module P Urinary System Learning Outcome: 26.02C. Give the details of the nephron's structure and histology. Section: 26.02 Topic: Microscopic anatomy of the urinary system Topic: Urinary System Type: Study Guide

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31. Urine drains from the nephron into the calyces through the A. loop of Henle.

B. collecting duct.

C. distal convoluted tubule.

D. proximal convoluted tubule.

E. Bowman's capsule.

Blooms Level: 1. Remember HAPS Objective: P02.04a Describe the histological structure of the proximal convoluted tubule, loop of Henle, distal convoluted tubule, and collecting duct of the kidney.

HAPS Topic: Module P Urinary System Learning Outcome: 26.02C. Give the details of the nephron's structure and histology. Section: 26.02 Topic: Microscopic anatomy of the urinary system Topic: Urinary System Type: Study Guide 32. Arrange the following in the sequence in which filtrate moves through them.

(1) loop of Henle (2) Bowman's capsule (3) distal convoluted tubule (4) proximal convoluted tubule A. 1, 2, 3, 4 B. 4, 2, 1, 3 C. 2, 4, 3, 1 D. 2, 4, 1, 3 E. 3, 4, 1, 2 Blooms Level: 2. Understand HAPS Objective: P02.04a Describe the histological structure of the proximal convoluted tubule, loop of Henle, distal convoluted tubule, and collecting duct of the kidney.

HAPS Objective: P02.05 Trace the path of filtrate/urine from the renal corpuscle to the urethral opening. HAPS Topic: Module P Urinary System Learning Outcome: 26.02C. Give the details of the nephron's structure and histology. Section: 26.02 Topic: Microscopic anatomy of the urinary system Topic: Urinary System Type: Study Guide

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33. What type of cells form the proximal convoluted tubule?

A. simple cuboidal epithelium with microvilli B. stratified squamous epithelium C. pseudostratified ciliated columnar epithelium D. simple columnar cells with microvilli and cilia Blooms Level: 1. Remember HAPS Objective: P02.04a Describe the histological structure of the proximal convoluted tubule, loop of Henle, distal convoluted tubule, and collecting duct of the kidney.

HAPS Topic: Module P Urinary System Learning Outcome: 26.02C. Give the details of the nephron's structure and histology. Section: 26.02 Topic: Microscopic anatomy of the urinary system Topic: Urinary System Type: Study Guide 34. Choose the one that does not belong.

A. loop of Henle B. glomerulus C. distal convoluted tubule D. proximal convoluted tubule E. Bowman's capsule

Blooms Level: 4. Analyze HAPS Objective: P02.04a Describe the histological structure of the proximal convoluted tubule, loop of Henle, distal convoluted tubule, and collecting duct of the kidney.

HAPS Topic: Module P Urinary System Learning Outcome: 26.02C. Give the details of the nephron's structure and histology. Section: 26.02 Topic: Microscopic anatomy of the urinary system Topic: Urinary System Type: Study Guide

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35. One feature of renal blood circulation that makes it unique is that A. there is a double set of venules.

B. blood flows from arterioles into venules.

C. blood flows from venules into arterioles.

D. each nephron has at least two capillary networks.

E. the nephron is only associated with the glomerulus.

Blooms Level: 1. Remember HAPS Objective: P02.03a Identify the major structures and subdivisions of the renal corpuscles, renal tubules and renal capillaries in the nephron and collecting system.

HAPS Objective: P02.03c Compare and contrast the structure and function of glomerular and peritubular capillaries in the nephron and collecting system.

HAPS Topic: Module P Urinary System Learning Outcome: 26.02C. Give the details of the nephron's structure and histology. Section: 26.02 Topic: Microscopic anatomy of the urinary system Topic: Urinary System Type: Study Guide

36. The vasa recta is a specialized portion of the A. glomerulus.

B. afferent arteriole.

C. efferent arteriole.

D. peritubular capillary.

E. interlobular artery.

Blooms Level: 1. Remember HAPS Objective: P02.03c Compare and contrast the structure and function of glomerular and peritubular capillaries in the nephron and collecting system.

HAPS Topic: Module P Urinary System Learning Outcome: 26.02C. Give the details of the nephron's structure and histology. Learning Outcome: 26.02D. Explain the blood supply of the kidney.

Section: 26.02 Topic: Microscopic anatomy of the urinary system Topic: Urinary System Type: Study Guide

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37. Which of these vessels gives rise to the peritubular capillary?

A. glomerulus B. arcuate artery C. efferent arteriole D. interlobular artery E. afferent arteriole Blooms Level: 1. Remember HAPS Objective: P02.01e Identify the major blood vessels associated with the kidney with respect to gross anatomy of the urinary tract. HAPS Objective: P02.03c Compare and contrast the structure and function of glomerular and peritubular capillaries in the nephron and collecting system.

HAPS Topic: Module P Urinary System Learning Outcome: 26.02C. Give the details of the nephron's structure and histology. Learning Outcome: 26.02D. Explain the blood supply of the kidney.

Section: 26.02 Topic: Microscopic anatomy of the urinary system Topic: Urinary System Type: Study Guide

38. Trace the path of a red blood cell from the renal artery to the glomerulus: (1) interlobar artery (2) interlobular artery (3) segmental artery (4) arcuate artery (5) afferent arteriole A. 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 B. 1, 4, 2, 3, 5 C. 3, 1, 2, 4, 5 D. 2, 1, 3, 5, 4 E. 1, 4, 3, 2

Blooms Level: 2. Understand HAPS Objective: P02.01e Identify the major blood vessels associated with the kidney with respect to gross anatomy of the urinary tract. HAPS Objective: P02.02 Trace the path of blood through the kidney.

HAPS Topic: Module P Urinary System Learning Outcome: 26.02D. Explain the blood supply of the kidney. Section: 26.02 Topic: Microscopic anatomy of the urinary system Topic: Urinary System Type: Study Guide 14

39. The urinary bladder A. stores urine until it is voided.

B. empties to the exterior via the ureters.

C. contains a muscle called the trigone.

D. is superior to the kidney.

E. filters urine.

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Chapter 7 Lower Limb 31. A sharp object penetrated a synovial joint. From the following list of structures, selectthe order in which they were penetrated.

(1) tendon or muscle (2) ligament (3) fibrous capsule (4) skin (5) synovial membrane A. 4, 1, 2, 5, 3 B. 4, 5, 1, 2, 3 C. 4, 3, 2, 5, 1 D. 4, 1, 2, 3, 5 E. 4, 2, 1, 5, 3

Bloom's Level: 2. Understand HAPS Objective: F08.02 Identify the structural components of the synovial joint, including accessory structures like bursae, tendon sheaths, and ligaments.

Learning Outcome: 08.01D. Illustrate the structure of a synovial joint and explain the roles of the components of a synovial joint. Section: 08.01 32. Articular cartilage A. is a double layer of tissue that encloses a joint.

B. is a thin lubricating film covering the surface of a joint.

C. provides a smooth surface where bones meet.

D. is a layer of tissue that is continuous with the periosteum.

E. lines the joint everywhere except over the articular cartilage.

Bloom's Level: 1. Remember HAPS Objective: F08.02 Identify the structural components of the synovial joint, including accessory structures like bursae, tendon sheaths, and ligaments.

Learning Outcome: 08.01D. Illustrate the structure of a synovial joint and explain the roles of the components of a synovial joint. Section: 08.01 33. The joint capsule A. is a double layer of tissue that encloses a joint.

B. is a thin lubricating film covering the surface of a joint.

C. provides a smooth surface where bones meet.

D. is a layer of tissue that is continuous with the periosteum.

E. lines the joint everywhere except over the articular cartilage.

Bloom's Level: 1. Remember HAPS Objective: F08.02 Identify the structural components of the synovial joint, including accessory structures like bursae, tendon sheaths, and ligaments.

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Learning Outcome: 08.01D. Illustrate the structure of a synovial joint and explain the roles of the components of a synovial joint. Section: 08.01

34. The synovial membrane A. is a double layer of tissue that encloses a joint.

B. is a thin lubricating film covering the surface of a joint.

C. provides a smooth surface where bones meet.

D. is a layer of tissue that is continuous with the periosteum.

E. lines the joint everywhere except over the articular cartilage.

Bloom's Level: 1. Remember HAPS Objective: F08.02 Identify the structural components of the synovial joint, including accessory structures like bursae, tendon sheaths, and ligaments.

Learning Outcome: 08.01D. Illustrate the structure of a synovial joint and explain the roles of the components of a synovial joint. Section: 08.01 35. The fibrous capsule A. is a double layer of tissue that encloses a joint.

B. is a thin lubricating film covering the surface of a joint.

C. provides a smooth surface where bones meet.

D. is a layer of tissue that is continuous with the periosteum.

E. lines the joint everywhere except over the articular cartilage.

Bloom's Level: 1. Remember HAPS Objective: F08.02 Identify the structural components of the synovial joint, including accessory structures like bursae, tendon sheaths, and ligaments.

Learning Outcome: 08.01D. Illustrate the structure of a synovial joint and explain the roles of the components of a synovial joint. Section: 08.01 36. Synovial fluid A. is a double layer of tissue that encloses a joint.

B. is a thin lubricating film covering the surface of a joint.

C. provides a smooth surface where bones meet.

D. is a layer of tissue that is continuous with the periosteum.

E. lines the joint everywhere except over the articular cartilage.

Bloom's Level: 1. Remember HAPS Objective: F08.02 Identify the structural components of the synovial joint, including accessory structures like bursae, tendon sheaths, and ligaments.

Learning Outcome: 08.01D. Illustrate the structure of a synovial joint and explain the roles of the components of a synovial joint. Section: 08.01

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37.

Which of the following types of joints is mismatched with its location?

A. saddle - thumb B. ball and socket - between humerus and scapula C. ellipsoid - between femur and tibia D. plane - between carpal bones E. hinge - cubital Bloom's Level: 2. Understand HAPS Objective: F08.04b Describe the locations in the body where each of the six structural types of synovial joints can be found. Learning Outcome: 08.01E. Classify synovial joints based on the shape of the bones in the joint and give an example of each type. Section: 08.01 38. A pivot joint A. is a modified ball and socket joint.

B. restricts movement to rotation.

C. is a biaxial joint.

D. allows gliding movement.

E. is between the atlas and the occipital bone.

Bloom's Level: 1. Remember HAPS Objective: F08.04c Predict the kinds of movements that each of the six structural types of synovial joints will allow. Learning Outcome: 08.01E. Classify synovial joints based on the shape of the bones in the joint and give an example of each type. Section: 08.01

39. A joint that consists of two opposed flat surfaces of approximately equal size is a joint.

A. plane B. saddle C. hinge D. pivot E. ellipsoid

Bloom's Level: 1. Remember HAPS Objective: F08.04a Describe the anatomical features of each of the six structural types of synovial joints.

Learning Outcome: 08.01E. Classify synovial joints based on the shape of the bones in the joint and give an example of each type. Section: 08.01 14

40. This type of joint is multiaxial allowing a wide range of movement.

A. saddle B. hinge C. pivot D. plane E. ball and socket

Bloom's Level: 1. Remember HAPS Objective: F08.04c Predict the kinds of movements that each of the six structural types of synovial joints will allow. Learning Outcome: 08.01E. Classify synovial joints based on the shape of the bones in the joint and give an example of each type. Learning Outcome: 08.01F. Distinguish among uniaxial, biaxial, and multiaxial synovial joints.

Section: 08.01

41. A biaxial joint has movement A. around one axis.

B. around two axes at right angles to one another.

C. about several axes.

D. as long as there is articular cartilage present.

E. that always rotates.

Bloom's Level: 1. Remember HAPS Objective: F08.04c Predict the kinds of movements that each of the six structural types of synovial joints will allow. Learning Outcome: 08.01F. Distinguish among uniaxial, biaxial, and multiaxial synovial joints.

Section: 08.01 42. Ellipsoid joints A. are multiaxial joints.

B. are found between adjacent vertebra.

C. are actually modified ball and socket joints.

D. allow free rotation.

E. are modified pivot joints.

Bloom's Level: 1. Remember HAPS Objective: F08.04a Describe the anatomical features of each of the six structural types of synovial joints.

Learning Outcome: 08.01E. Classify synovial joints based on the shape of the bones in the joint and give an example of each type. Section: 08.01

43. The joint between the articular processes of adjacent vertebrae is a _ joint.

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A. plane B. saddle C. hinge D. pivot E. ball and socket

Bloom's Level: 1. Remember HAPS Objective: F08.04b Describe the locations in the body where each of the six structural types of synovial joints can be found. Learning Outcome: 08.01E. Classify synovial joints based on the shape of the bones in the joint and give an example of each type. Section: 08.01 44. An example of a saddle joint is the A. shoulder joint.

B. elbow joint.

C. atlanto-occipital joint.

D. carpometacarpal joint.

E. atlantoaxial joint.

Bloom's Level: 1. Remember HAPS Objective: F08.04b Describe the locations in the body where each of the six structural types of synovial joints can be found. Learning Outcome: 08.01E. Classify synovial joints based on the shape of the bones in the joint and give an example of each type. Section: 08.01

45.

The cubital or elbow joint is an example of a joint.

A. saddle B. hinge C. pivot D. ball and socket E. plane Bloom's Level: 1. Remember HAPS Objective: F08.04b Describe the locations in the body where each of the six structural types of synovial joints can be found. Learning Outcome: 08.01E. Classify synovial joints based on the shape of the bones in the joint and give an example of each type. Section: 08.01

46. The joint between the head of the radius and the proximal end of the ulna is a joint.

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A. plane B. saddle C. hinge D. pivot E. ball and socket

Bloom's Level: 1. Remember HAPS Objective: F08.04b Describe the locations in the body where each of the six structural types of synovial joints can be found. Learning Outcome: 08.01E. Classify synovial joints based on the shape of the bones in the joint and give an example of each type. Section: 08.01

47. Which of the following joints is most movable?

A. plane B. saddle C. hinge D. pivot E. ball and socket Bloom's Level: 1. Remember HAPS Objective: F08.04c Predict the kinds of movements that each of the six structural types of synovial joints will allow. Learning Outcome: 08.01E. Classify synovial joints based on the shape of the bones in the joint and give an example of each type. Section: 08.01

48. The type of movement between carpal bones is described as A. pivot.

B. adduction.

C. extension.

D. flexion.

E. gliding.

Bloom's Level: 1. Remember HAPS Objective: F08.04c Predict the kinds of movements that each of the six structural types of synovial joints will allow. Learning Outcome: 08.01E. Classify synovial joints based on the shape of the bones in the joint and give an example of each type. Section: 08.02

49. Bowing the head is an example of A. rotation.

B. pronation.

C. flexion.

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D. lateral excursion.

E. hyperextension.

Bloom's Level: 2. Understand HAPS Objective: F08.04c Predict the kinds of movements that each of the six structural types of synovial joints will allow. Learning Outcome: 08.01E. Classify synovial joints based on the shape of the bones in the joint and give an example of each type. Section: 08.02

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50. Which of the following movements is an example of extension?

A. bending forward at the waist B. kneeling C. raising your arm laterally D. using your finger to point out an area on a map E. shrugging your shoulders Bloom's Level: 2. Understand HAPS Objective: F08.03 Describe and demonstrate the generalized movements of synovial joints.

Learning Outcome: 08.02B. Demonstrate the difference betweeen the following pairs of movements: flexion and extension; Plantar flexion and dorsiflexion; abduction and adduction; supination and pronation; elevation and depression; protraction and retraction; opposition and reposition; inversion and eversion.

Section: 08.02

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51.

Sergio needs to reach the bowls on the top shelf, which are slightly out of reach. Which type of movement below would give him the greatest chance of success in reaching the bowls?

A. dorsiflexion

B. plantar flexion

C. inversion

D. eversion

E. circumduction

Bloom's Level: 3. Apply HAPS Objective: F08.03 Describe and demonstrate the generalized movements of synovial joints.

Learning Outcome: 08.02B. Demonstrate the difference betweeen the following pairs of movements: flexion and extension; Plantar flexion and dorsiflexion; abduction and adduction; supination and pronation; elevation and depression; protraction and retraction; opposition and reposition; inversion and eversion.

Section: 08.02

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52.

Yolanda, a yoga instructor, tells her class to stretch the muscles of the side of the trunk by instructing them to perform .

A. opposition.

B. adduction.

C. lateral flexion.

D. extension.

E. elevation.

Bloom's Level: 3. Apply HAPS Objective: F08.03 Describe and demonstrate the generalized movements of synovial joints.

Learning Outcome: 08.02B. Demonstrate the difference betweeen the following pairs of movements: flexion and extension; Plantar flexion and dorsiflexion; abduction and adduction; supination and pronation; elevation and depression; protraction and retraction; opposition and reposition; inversion and eversion.

Section: 08.02

53. Abnormal forced extension beyond normal range of motion is called A. circumduction.

B. rotation.

C. hyperextension.

D. supination.

E. pronation.

Bloom's Level: 1. Remember HAPS Objective: F08.03 Describe and demonstrate the generalized movements of synovial joints.

Learning Outcome: 08.02B. Demonstrate the difference betweeen the following pairs of movements: flexion and extension; Plantar flexion and dorsiflexion; abduction and adduction; supination and pronation; elevation and depression; protraction and retraction; opposition and reposition; inversion and eversion.

Section: 08.02

54. A movement through 360 degrees that combines flexion, extension, abduction, and adduction is called A. circumduction.

B. rotation.

C. hyperextension.

D. supination.

E. pronation.

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Bloom's Level: 1. Remember HAPS Objective: F08.03 Describe and demonstrate the generalized movements of synovial joints. Learning Outcome: 08.02C. Distinguish between rotation and circumduction. What is excursion? Section: 08.02

15

55. Rotating the forearm so that the palm faces posteriorly is called A. circumduction.

B. rotation.

C. hyperextension.

D. supination.

E. pronation.

Bloom's Level: 1. Remember HAPS Objective: F08.03 Describe and demonstrate the generalized movements of synovial joints.

Learning Outcome: 08.02B. Demonstrate the difference betweeen the following pairs of movements: flexion and extension; Plantar flexion and dorsiflexion; abduction and adduction; supination and pronation; elevation and depression; protraction and retraction; opposition and reposition; inversion and eversion.

Section: 08.02

56. Rotating the forearm so that the palm faces anteriorly is called A. circumduction.

B. rotation.

C. hyperextension.

D. supination.

E. pronation.

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Chapter 8 Head Multiple Choice Questions 1. A band of connective tissue that attaches a muscle to a bone is a(n) A. bursa.

B. aponeurosis.

C. epimysium.

D. tendon.

E. ligament.

Bloom's Level: 1. Remember HAPS Objective: F02.04 Explain the roles of dense regular and dense irregular connective tissue in the skeletal system. HAPS Topic: Module F Skeletal System and Articulations Learning Outcome: 06.01A. List the components of the skeletal system. Section: 06.01 Topic: Skeletal System and Articulations Type: Study Guide Ligaments attach F. muscle to bone.

G. nerve to muscle.

H. bone to bone.

I. muscle to muscle.

J. nerve to bone.

Bloom's Level: 1. Remember HAPS Objective: F02.04 Explain the roles of dense regular and dense irregular connective tissue in the skeletal system. HAPS Topic: Module F Skeletal System and Articulations Learning Outcome: 06.01A. List the components of the skeletal system. Section: 06.01 Topic: Skeletal System and Articulations Type: LearnSmart Type: Study Guide

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2. Important functions of the skeletal system include A. protection of the brain and soft organs.

B. storage of water.

C. production of Vitamin E. D. integration of other systems.

E. regulation of acid-base balance.

Bloom's Level: 1. Remember HAPS Objective: F01.01 Describe the major functions of the skeletal system. HAPS Topic: Module F Skeletal System and Articulations Learning Outcome: 06.01B. Explain the functions of the skeletal system. Section: 06.01 Topic: General functions of bone and the skeletal system Topic: Skeletal System and Articulations Type: Study Guide 3. Which of the following is NOT a function of bone?

A. blood cell formation B. support C. calcium storage D. immunity E. movement

Bloom's Level: 2. Understand HAPS Objective: F01.01 Describe the major functions of the skeletal system. HAPS Topic: Module F Skeletal System and Articulations Learning Outcome: 06.01B. Explain the functions of the skeletal system. Section: 06.01 Topic: General functions of bone and the skeletal system Topic: Skeletal System and Articulations Type: Study Guide

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4. Chondroblasts produce A. ligaments.

B. blood cells.

C. bone tissue.

D. cartilage matrix.

E. synovial fluid.

Bloom's Level: 1. Remember HAPS Objective: F02.03 Identify the types of cartilage tissues found in the skeletal system and explain the functions of each. HAPS Topic: Module F Skeletal System and Articulations Learning Outcome: 06.02A. Relate the importance of cartilage to the structure of the skeletal system. Section: 06.02 Topic: Skeletal System and Articulations Type: Study Guide

5. The connective tissue sheath of cartilage is called the A. ligamentous cord.

B. lacuna.

C. chondrocyte.

D. matrix.

E. perichondrium.

Bloom's Level: 1. Remember HAPS Objective: F02.03 Identify the types of cartilage tissues found in the skeletal system and explain the functions of each. HAPS Topic: Module F Skeletal System and Articulations Learning Outcome: 06.02A. Relate the importance of cartilage to the structure of the skeletal system. Section: 06.02 Topic: Skeletal System and Articulations Type: Study Guide

6. The type of cartilage associated with bone function and development is A. osteocartilage.

B. elastic cartilage.

C. hyaline cartilage.

D. interstitial cartilage.

E. fibrocartilage.

Bloom's Level: 1. Remember 15 HAPS Objective: F02.03 Identify the types of cartilage tissues found in the skeletal system and explain the functions of each. HAPS Topic: Module F Skeletal System

and Articulations Learning Outcome: 06.02B. Describe the structure of hyaline cartilage. Section: 06.02 Topic: Skeletal System and Articulations Type: Study Guide

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7. Cartilage A. is surrounded by a membrane called the periosteum.

B. is composed of osteons.

C. is well vascularized.

D. contains chondrocytes located in lacunae.

E. does not need nutrients and oxygen so it has no blood vessels.

Bloom's Level: 2. Understand HAPS Objective: F02.03 Identify the types of cartilage tissues found in the skeletal system and explain the functions of each. HAPS Topic: Module F Skeletal System and Articulations Learning Outcome: 06.02B. Describe the structure of hyaline cartilage. Section: 06.02 Topic: Skeletal System and Articulations Type: Study Guide 8. A connective tissue sheath around cartilage is the A. periosteum.

B. ligament.

C. endosteum.

D. epiphyseal line.

E. perichondrium.

Bloom's Level: 1. Remember HAPS Objective: F02.03 Identify the types of cartilage tissues found in the skeletal system and explain the functions of each. HAPS Topic: Module F Skeletal System and Articulations Learning Outcome: 06.02B. Describe the structure of hyaline cartilage. Section: 06.02 Topic: Skeletal System and Articulations Type: Study Guide

9. Proteoglycan molecules in the matrix of cartilage A. give cartilage its resilient nature.

B. replace collagen fibers in the matrix.

C. make the perichondrium very stretchable.

D. fill the lacunae.

E. make cartilage hard and compact.

Bloom's Level: 2. Understand 15 HAPS Objective: F02.03 Identify the types of cartilage tissues found in the skeletal system and explain the functions of each. HAPS Topic: Module F Skeletal System

and Articulations Learning Outcome: 06.02B. Describe the structure of hyaline cartilage. Section: 06.02 Topic: Skeletal System and Articulations Type: Study Guide

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10. Which of the following matrix molecules in cartilage tends to trap large quantitiesof water?

A. proteoglycan B. hyaluronic acid C. elastin D. collagen E. chondrocytes

Bloom's Level: 2. Understand HAPS Objective: F02.03 Identify the types of cartilage tissues found in the skeletal system and explain the functions of each. HAPS Topic: Module F Skeletal System and Articulations Learning Outcome: 06.02A. Relate the importance of cartilage to the structure of the skeletal system. Learning Outcome: 06.02B. Describe the structure of hyaline cartilage.

Section: 06.02 Topic: Skeletal System and Articulations Type: Study Guide

11. In appositional growth of cartilage, A. new chondrocytes and new matrix are added on the outside of the tissue.

B. the tissue becomes vascularized in order to grow.

C. chondroblasts within the tissue proliferate and add more matrix from the inside.

D. the cartilage is replaced with another kind of connective tissue.

E. osteoblasts replace the chondroblasts.

Bloom's Level: 1. Remember HAPS Objective: F02.03 Identify the types of cartilage tissues found in the skeletal system and explain the functions of each. HAPS Topic: Module F Skeletal System and Articulations Learning Outcome: 06.02C. Explain the types of cartilage growth. Section: 06.02 Topic: Skeletal System and Articulations Type: Study Guide

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12. Collagen and calcium hydroxyapatite are the primary constituents of A. bone matrix.

B. blood.

C. fibrous cartilage.

D. hyaline cartilage.

E. ligaments.

Bloom's Level: 2. Understand HAPS Objective: F02.01 List and describe the cellular and extracellular components of bone tissue. HAPS Topic: Module F Skeletal System and Articulations Learning Outcome: 06.03A. Describe the components of the extracellular matrix, and state the function of each. Section: 06.03 Topic: Microscopic anatomy of bone Topic: Skeletal System and Articulations Type: Study Guide

13. The compression (weight-bearing) strength of bone matrix is due to the presence of A. hydroxyapatite crystals.

B. collagenase.

C. collagen fibers.

D. elastin fibers.

E. bone marrow.

Bloom's Level: 2. Understand HAPS Objective: F02.01 List and describe the cellular and extracellular components of bone tissue. HAPS Topic: Module F Skeletal System and Articulations Learning Outcome: 06.03A. Describe the components of the extracellular matrix, and state the function of each. Section: 06.03 Topic: Microscopic anatomy of bone Topic: Skeletal System and Articulations Type: Study Guide

16

14. Osteogenesis imperfecta can be caused by abnormally formed A. hydroxyapatite.

B. proteoglycans.

C. collagen.

D. osteoblasts.

E. calcium.

Bloom's Level: 1. Remember HAPS Objective: F10.01 Predict factors or situations affecting the skeletal system and articulations that could disrupt homeostasis. HAPS Objective: F10.02 Predict the types of problems that would occur in the body if the skeletal system and articulations could not maintain homeostasis.

HAPS Topic: Module F Skeletal System and Articulations Learning Outcome: 06.03A. Describe the components of the extracellular matrix, and state the function of each. Section: 06.03 Topic: Clinical applications of the skeletal system Topic: Microscopic anatomy of bone Topic: Skeletal System and Articulations Type: Study Guide

15. Rickets is A. bone inflammation that often results from bacterial infection.

B. a group of genetic disorders producing very brittle bones that are easily fractured; occurs because of insufficient collagen development.

C. a disease in children characterized by soft, bowed, and swollen bones.

D. a disease in adults, especially women, characterized by a reduced amount of bone matrix.

E. a disease in adults characterized by softening of bones resulting from calciumdepletion.

Bloom's Level: 1. Remember HAPS Objective: F10.01 Predict factors or situations affecting the skeletal system and articulations that could disrupt homeostasis. HAPS Objective: F10.02 Predict the types of problems that would occur in the body if the skeletal system and articulations could not maintain homeostasis.

HAPS Topic: Module F Skeletal System and Articulations Learning Outcome: 06.03A. Describe the components of the extracellular matrix, and state the function of each. Section: 06.03 Topic: Clinical applications of the skeletal system Topic: Microscopic anatomy of bone Topic: Skeletal System and Articulations Type: Study Guide 16

16. Brittle bone disorder is another name for A. scurvy.

B. osteomyelitis.

C. osteoporosis.

D. osteomalacia.

E. osteogenesis imperfecta.

Bloom's Level: 1. Remember HAPS Objective: F10.01 Predict factors or situations affecting the skeletal system and articulations that could disrupt homeostasis. HAPS Topic: Module F Skeletal System and Articulations Learning Outcome: 06.03A. Describe the components of the extracellular matrix, and state the function of each. Section: 06.03 Topic: Clinical applications of the skeletal system Topic: Microscopic anatomy of bone Topic: Skeletal System and Articulations Type: Study Guide

17. Which of the following occurs in the formation of mineralized bone matrix?

A. Blood calcium is elevated.

B. Hydrogen ions form an acid environment in bone matrix.

C. Ca2+ is actively transported from bone matrix to the blood.

D. The protein components of bone matrix are digested.

E. Osteoblasts form collagen and proteoglycans.

Bloom's Level: 3. Apply HAPS Objective: F02.01 List and describe the cellular and extracellular components of bone tissue. HAPS Objective: F04.01 Explain the roles osteogenic cells play in the formation of bone tissue.

HAPS Objective: F05.01 Compare and contrast the function of osteoblasts and osteoclasts during bone growth, repair, and remodeling. HAPS Topic: Module F Skeletal System and Articulations Learning Outcome: 06.03A. Describe the components of the extracellular matrix, and state the function of each. Section: 06.03 Topic: Microscopic anatomy of bone Topic: Skeletal System and Articulations

16

18. The primary mineral in bone is A. iron.

B. sodium.

C. potassium.

D. calcium.

E. oxygen.

Bloom's Level: 1. Remember HAPS Objective: F02.01 List and describe the cellular and extracellular components of bone tissue. HAPS Objective: F04.01 Explain the roles osteogenic cells play in the formation of bone tissue.

HAPS Objective: F05.01 Compare and contrast the function of osteoblasts and osteoclasts during bone growth, repair, and remodeling. HAPS Topic: Module F Skeletal System and Articulations Learning Outcome: 06.03A. Describe the components of the extracellular matrix, and state the function of each. Section: 06.03 Topic: Microscopic anatomy of bone Topic: Skeletal System and Articulations Type: Study Guide

19. The proportion of collagen to hydroxyapatite in bone determines the A. thickness of the bone.

B. strength of the bone.

C. growth rate of bone.

D. ability of the bone to heal.

E. length of the bone.

Bloom's Level: 1. Remember HAPS Objective: F02.01 List and describe the cellular and extracellular components of bone tissue. HAPS Topic: Module F Skeletal System and Articulations Learning Outcome: 06.03A. Describe the components of the extracellular matrix, and state the function of each. Section: 06.03 Topic: Microscopic anatomy of bone Topic: Skeletal System and Articulations Type: Study Guide

16

20. The cell type that is responsible for maintaining bone once it has been formed is the A. osteocyte.

B. chondrocyte.

C. osteoblast.

D. osteoclast.

E. chondroblast.

Bloom's Level: 1. Remember HAPS Objective: F02.01 List and describe the cellular and extracellular components of bone tissue. HAPS Objective: F04.01 Explain the roles osteogenic cells play in the formation of bone tissue.

HAPS Objective: F05.01 Compare and contrast the function of osteoblasts and osteoclasts during bone growth, repair, and remodeling. HAPS Topic: Module F Skeletal System and Articulations Learning Outcome: 06.03B. List each type of bone cell and give the function and origin of each. Section: 06.03 Topic: Microscopic anatomy of bone Topic: Skeletal System and Articulations Type: Study Guide

21. Which of the following cell types is responsible for breaking down bone matrix?

A. osteoclast B. fibroblast C. osteocyte D. chondroclast E. chondroblast

Bloom's Level: 1. Remember HAPS Objective: F02.01 List and describe the cellular and extracellular components of bone tissue. HAPS Objective: F04.01 Explain the roles osteogenic cells play in the formation of bone tissue.

HAPS Objective: F05.01 Compare and contrast the function of osteoblasts and osteoclasts during bone growth, repair, and remodeling. HAPS Topic: Module F Skeletal System and Articulations Learning Outcome: 06.03B. List each type of bone cell and give the function and origin of each. Section: 06.03 Topic: Microscopic anatomy of bone Topic: Skeletal System and Articulations Type: Study 16 Guide

22. What are the maintenance cells in bone tissue?

A. osteochondral progenitor cells B. chondrocytes C. osteoblasts D. osteocytes E. osteoclasts Bloom's Level: 1. Remember HAPS Objective: F02.01 List and describe the cellular and extracellular components of bone tissue. HAPS Objective: F04.01 Explain the roles osteogenic cells play in the formation of bone tissue.

HAPS Objective: F05.01 Compare and contrast the function of osteoblasts and osteoclasts during bone growth, repair, and remodeling. HAPS Topic: Module F Skeletal System and Articulations Learning Outcome: 06.03B. List each type of bone cell and give the function and origin of each. Section: 06.03 Topic: Microscopic anatomy of bone Topic: Skeletal System and Articulations Type: Study Guide

23. The primary function of osteoblasts is to A. inhibit the growth of bone.

B. lay down bone matrix.

C. resorb bone along the epiphyseal plate.

D. prevent osteocytes from forming.

E. stimulate bone growth.

Bloom's Level: 1. Remember HAPS Objective: F02.01 List and describe the cellular and extracellular components of bone tissue. HAPS Objective: F04.01 Explain the roles osteogenic cells play in the formation of bone tissue.

HAPS Objective: F05.01 Compare and contrast the function of osteoblasts and osteoclasts during bone growth, repair, and remodeling. HAPS Topic: Module F Skeletal System and Articulations Learning Outcome: 06.03B. List each type of bone cell and give the function and origin of each. Section: 06.03 Topic: Microscopic anatomy of bone Topic: Skeletal System and Articulations Type: Study 16 Guide

24. Which of the following is correctly matched?

A. periosteum - lines the medullary cavity B. osteoblasts - break down bone tissue C. osteoclasts - responsible for reabsorption D. endosteum - lines central canal of the osteon E. osteocytes - function in bone remodeling

17

Chapter 9 Neck 25. Which type of bone cells package calcium and phosphate ions?

A. osteochondral progenitor cell B. osteoclasts C. osteoblasts D. osteocytes

Bloom's Level: 1. Remember HAPS Objective: F02.01 List and describe the cellular and extracellular components of bone tissue. HAPS Objective: F04.01 Explain the roles osteogenic cells play in the formation of bone tissue.

HAPS Objective: F05.01 Compare and contrast the function of osteoblasts and osteoclasts during bone growth, repair, and remodeling. HAPS Topic: Module F Skeletal System and Articulations Learning Outcome: 06.03B. List each type of bone cell and give the function and origin of each. Section: 06.03 Topic: Microscopic anatomy of bone Topic: Skeletal System and Articulations Type: Study Guide 26. Which type of bone cells combine hydroxyapatite and collagen to form extracellularbone matrix?

A. osteochondral progenitor cell B. osteoblasts C. osteocytes D. osteoclasts Bloom's Level: 1. Remember HAPS Objective: F02.01 List and describe the cellular and extracellular components of bone tissue. HAPS Objective: F04.01 Explain the roles osteogenic cells play in the formation of bone tissue.

HAPS Objective: F05.01 Compare and contrast the function of osteoblasts and osteoclasts during bone growth, repair, and remodeling. HAPS Topic: Module F Skeletal System and Articulations Learning Outcome: 06.03B. List each type of bone cell and give the function and origin of each. Section: 06.03 Topic: Microscopic anatomy of bone Topic: Skeletal System and Articulations Type: Study Guide 17

27. Which type of bone cells give rise to osteoblasts?

A. osteochondral progenitor cell B. osteoblasts C. osteoclasts D. osteocytes

Bloom's Level: 1. Remember HAPS Objective: F02.01 List and describe the cellular and extracellular components of bone tissue. HAPS Objective: F04.01 Explain the roles osteogenic cells play in the formation of bone tissue.

HAPS Objective: F05.01 Compare and contrast the function of osteoblasts and osteoclasts during bone growth, repair, and remodeling. HAPS Topic: Module F Skeletal System and Articulations Learning Outcome: 06.03B. List each type of bone cell and give the function and origin of each. Section: 06.03 Topic: Skeletal System and Articulations Type: Study Guide 28. Which type of bone cells have ruffled borders and secrete acids?

A. osteoblasts B. osteochondral progenitor cell C. osteoclasts D. osteocytes Bloom's Level: 1. Remember HAPS Objective: F02.01 List and describe the cellular and extracellular components of bone tissue. HAPS Objective: F04.01 Explain the roles osteogenic cells play in the formation of bone tissue.

HAPS Objective: F05.01 Compare and contrast the function of osteoblasts and osteoclasts during bone growth, repair, and remodeling. HAPS Topic: Module F Skeletal System and Articulations Learning Outcome: 06.03B. List each type of bone cell and give the function and origin of each. Section: 06.03 Topic: Microscopic anatomy of bone Topic: Skeletal System and Articulations Type: Study Guide

29.

Which type of bone cells are large cells that form from fusion of monocytes?

17

A. osteochondral progenitor cell B. osteocytes C. osteoblasts D. osteoclasts

Bloom's Level: 1. Remember HAPS Objective: F02.01 List and describe the cellular and extracellular components of bone tissue. HAPS Objective: F04.01 Explain the roles osteogenic cells play in the formation of bone tissue.

HAPS Objective: F05.01 Compare and contrast the function of osteoblasts and osteoclasts during bone growth, repair, and remodeling. HAPS Topic: Module F Skeletal System and Articulations Learning Outcome: 06.03B. List each type of bone cell and give the function and origin of each. Section: 06.03 Topic: Microscopic anatomy of bone Topic: Skeletal System and Articulations Type: Study Guide 30. Which type of bone cells possess extensive ER and ribosomes?

A. osteocytes B. osteoblasts

Bloom's Level: 2. Understand HAPS Objective: F02.01 List and describe the cellular and extracellular components of bone tissue. HAPS Objective: F04.01 Explain the roles osteogenic cells play in the formation of bone tissue.

HAPS Objective: F05.01 Compare and contrast the function of osteoblasts and osteoclasts during bone growth, repair, and remodeling. HAPS Topic: Module F Skeletal System and Articulations Learning Outcome: 06.03B. List each type of bone cell and give the function and origin of each. Section: 06.03 Topic: Microscopic anatomy of bone Topic: Skeletal System and Articulations Type: Study Guide

31. Which type of bone cells lie in lacunae?

17

A. osteocytes B. osteoblasts C. osteoclasts D. osteochondral progenitor cell

Bloom's Level: 1. Remember HAPS Objective: F02.01 List and describe the cellular and extracellular components of bone tissue. HAPS Objective: F04.01 Explain the roles osteogenic cells play in the formation of bone tissue.

HAPS Objective: F05.01 Compare and contrast the function of osteoblasts and osteoclasts during bone growth, repair, and remodeling. HAPS Topic: Module F Skeletal System and Articulations Learning Outcome: 06.03B. List each type of bone cell and give the function and origin of each. Section: 06.03 Topic: Microscopic anatomy of bone Topic: Skeletal System and Articulations Type: Study Guide 32. Which type of bone cells have processes that lie in canaliculi?

A. osteocytes B. osteoblasts

Bloom's Level: 2. Understand HAPS Objective: F02.01 List and describe the cellular and extracellular components of bone tissue. HAPS Objective: F04.01 Explain the roles osteogenic cells play in the formation of bone tissue.

HAPS Objective: F05.01 Compare and contrast the function of osteoblasts and osteoclasts during bone growth, repair, and remodeling. HAPS Topic: Module F Skeletal System and Articulations Learning Outcome: 06.03B. List each type of bone cell and give the function and origin of each. Section: 06.03 Topic: Microscopic anatomy of bone Topic: Skeletal System and Articulations Type: Study Guide

33. Which of the following is associated with osteoclast reabsorption of bone?

17

A. Osteoblasts form collagen and proteoglycans.

B. Blood calcium is decreased.

C. Ca2+ is actively transported from blood to bonematrix.

D. Hydrogen ions form an acid environment in bone matrix.

E. The protein components of bone matrix are synthesized.

Bloom's Level: 3. Apply HAPS Objective: F02.01 List and describe the cellular and extracellular components of bone tissue. HAPS Objective: F04.01 Explain the roles osteogenic cells play in the formation of bone tissue.

HAPS Objective: F05.01 Compare and contrast the function of osteoblasts and osteoclasts during bone growth, repair, and remodeling. HAPS Topic: Module F Skeletal System and Articulations Learning Outcome: 06.03B. List each type of bone cell and give the function and origin of each. Section: 06.03 Topic: Microscopic anatomy of bone Topic: Skeletal System and Articulations 34. Osteoclasts have projections that cause bone reabsorption called A. ruffled borders.

B. canaliculi.

E. lamellae.

Bloom's Level: 1. Remember HAPS Objective: F02.01 List and describe the cellular and extracellular components of bone tissue. HAPS Objective: F04.01 Explain the roles osteogenic cells play in the formation of bone tissue.

HAPS Objective: F05.01 Compare and contrast the function of osteoblasts and osteoclasts during bone growth, repair, and remodeling. HAPS Topic: Module F Skeletal System and Articulations Learning Outcome: 06.03B. List each type of bone cell and give the function and origin of each. Section: 06.03 Topic: Microscopic anatomy of bone Topic: Skeletal System and Articulations Type: Study Guide

35. The stem cells of osteoblasts and chondroblasts are 17

A. monocytes.

B. chondrocytes.

C. osteocytes.

D. osteoclasts.

E. osteochondral progenitor cells.

Bloom's Level: 1. Remember HAPS Objective: F02.01 List and describe the cellular and extracellular components of bone tissue. HAPS Objective: F04.01 Explain the roles osteogenic cells play in the formation of bone tissue.

HAPS Objective: F05.01 Compare and contrast the function of osteoblasts and osteoclasts during bone growth, repair, and remodeling. HAPS Topic: Module F Skeletal System and Articulations Learning Outcome: 06.03B. List each type of bone cell and give the function and origin of each. Section: 06.03 Topic: Microscopic anatomy of bone Topic: Skeletal System and Articulations Type: Study Guide 36. The stem cells of osteoclasts are A. osteocytes.

B. chondrocytes.

E. osteoclasts.

Bloom's Level: 1. Remember HAPS Objective: F02.01 List and describe the cellular and extracellular components of bone tissue. HAPS Objective: F04.01 Explain the roles osteogenic cells play in the formation of bone tissue.

HAPS Objective: F05.01 Compare and contrast the function of osteoblasts and osteoclasts during bone growth, repair, and remodeling. HAPS Topic: Module F Skeletal System and Articulations Learning Outcome: 06.03B. List each type of bone cell and give the function and origin of each. Section: 06.03 Topic: Microscopic anatomy of bone Topic: Skeletal System and Articulations Type: Study Guide 17

37. Lamellar bone A. is very light in weight.

B. has a porous appearance.

C. has its collagen fibers randomly oriented.

D. is organized into thin sheets of tissue.

E. is not easily restructured.

Bloom's Level: 1. Remember HAPS Objective: F02.02 Identify the internal structural components of compact bone and spongy bone. Learning Outcome: 06.03C. Describe the structure of woven and lamellar bone.

Section: 06.03 Topic: Microscopic anatomy of bone Topic: Skeletal System and Articulations Type: Study Guide

17

38. Woven bone A. has a porous appearance.

B. is not easily restructured.

C. has its collagen fibers randomly E. is very light in weight.

Bloom's Level: 1. Remember HAPS Objective: F02.02 Identify the internal structural components of compact bone and spongy bone. HAPS Topic: Module F Skeletal System and Articulations Learning Outcome: 06.03C. Describe the structure of woven and lamellar bone. Section: 06.03 Topic: Microscopic anatomy of bone Topic: Skeletal System and Articulations Type: Study Guide

39. Spongy bone tissue A. contains interconnecting plates called trabeculae.

B. is very dense.

C. contains concentric lamellae.

D. is the primary component of compact bone.

E. has many spaces and lacks osteocytes.

Bloom's Level: 2. Understand HAPS Objective: F02.02 Identify the internal structural components of compact bone and spongy bone. HAPS Topic: Module F Skeletal System and Articulations Learning Outcome: 06.03D. Explain the structural differences between compact bone and spongy bone. Section: 06.03 Topic: Microscopic anatomy of bone Topic: Skeletal System and Articulations

17

40. Haversian systems or osteons A. lack concentric lamellae.

B. do not contain osteocytes.

E. are the basic units in compact bone tissue.

Bloom's Level: 1. Remember HAPS Objective: F02.02 Identify the internal structural components of compact bone and spongy bone. HAPS Topic: Module F Skeletal System and Articulations Learning Outcome: 06.03D. Explain the structural differences between compact bone and spongy bone. Section: 06.03 Topic: Microscopic anatomy of bone Topic: Skeletal System and Articulations Type: Study Guide

41. A passageway connecting neighboring osteocytes in an osteon is a A. lacuna.

B. lamella.

C. osteocanal.

D. canaliculus.

E. central canal.

Bloom's Level: 1. Remember HAPS Objective: F02.02 Identify the internal structural components of compact bone and spongy bone. HAPS Topic: Module F Skeletal System and Articulations Learning Outcome: 06.03D. Explain the structural differences between compact bone and spongy bone. Section: 06.03 Topic: Microscopic anatomy of bone Topic: Skeletal System and Articulations Type: Study Guide

17

42. The type of lamellae found in osteons (Haversian systems) is A. circumferential.

B. interstitial.

E. oppositional.

Bloom's Level: 1. Remember HAPS Objective: F02.01 List and describe the cellular and extracellular components of bone tissue. HAPS Objective: F02.02 Identify the internal structural components of compact bone and spongy bone. HAPS Topic: Module F Skeletal System and Articulations Learning Outcome: 06.03C. Describe the structure of woven and lamellar bone. Section: 06.03 Topic: Microscopic anatomy of bone Topic: Skeletal System and Articulations Type: Study Guide 43. You would look for concentric lamellae A. as components of the cartilage.

B. in between osteons.

C. around the central canal of an osteon.

D. on the outer surface of compact bone tissues.

E. in the bone marrow.

Bloom's Level: 1. Remember HAPS Objective: F02.01 List and describe the cellular and extracellular components of bone tissue. HAPS Objective: F02.02 Identify the internal structural components of compact bone and spongy bone. HAPS Topic: Module F Skeletal System and Articulations Learning Outcome: 06.03C. Describe the structure of woven and lamellar bone. Section: 06.03 Topic: Microscopic anatomy of bone Topic: Skeletal System and Articulations Type: Study Guide

17

44. The type of lamellae found between osteons (Haversian systems) is A. interstitial.

B. oppositional.

E. concentric.

Bloom's Level: 1. Remember HAPS Objective: F02.01 List and describe the cellular and extracellular components of bone tissue. HAPS Objective: F02.02 Identify the internal structural components of compact bone and spongy bone. Learning Outcome: 06.03C. Describe the structure of woven and lamellar bone.

Section: 06.03 Topic: Microscopic anatomy of bone Topic: Skeletal System and Articulations Type: Study Guide

45. The type of lamellae that forms the outside surface of compact bone is A. interstitial.

B. circumferential.

C. appositional.

D. concentric.

E. oppositional.

Bloom's Level: 1. Remember HAPS Objective: F02.01 List and describe the cellular and extracellular components of bone tissue. HAPS Objective: F02.02 Identify the internal structural components of compact bone and spongy bone. HAPS Topic: Module F Skeletal System and Articulations Learning Outcome: 06.03C. Describe the structure of woven and lamellar bone.

Learning Outcome: 06.03D. Explain the structural differences between compact bone and spongy bone. Section: 06.03 Topic: Microscopic anatomy of bone Topic: Skeletal System and Articulations Type: Study Guide

17

46. Small channels extending through the bone matrix are A. lacunae.

B. lamellae.

E. trabeculae.

Bloom's Level: 1. Remember HAPS Objective: F02.01 List and describe the cellular and extracellular components of bone tissue. HAPS Objective: F02.02 Identify the internal structural components of compact bone and spongy bone. HAPS Topic: Module F Skeletal System and Articulations Learning Outcome: 06.03A. Describe the components of the extracellular matrix, and state the function of each. Learning Outcome: 06.03C. Describe the structure of woven and lamellar bone.

Learning Outcome: 06.03D. Explain the structural differences between compact bone and spongy bone. Section: 06.03 Topic: Microscopic anatomy of bone Topic: Skeletal System and Articulations Type: Study Guide

47. Interconnecting rods of bone are A. periosteum.

B. trabeculae.

C. lamellae.

D. canaliculi.

E. lacunae.

Bloom's Level: 1. Remember HAPS Objective: F02.01 List and describe the cellular and extracellular components of bone tissue. HAPS Objective: F02.02 Identify the internal structural components of compact bone and spongy bone. HAPS Topic: Module F Skeletal System and Articulations Learning Outcome: 06.03C. Describe the structure of woven and lamellar bone.

Learning Outcome: 06.03D. Explain the structural differences between compact bone and spongy bone. Section: 06.03 Topic: Microscopic anatomy of bone Topic: Skeletal System and Articulations Type: Study 17 Guide

48. Thin sheets of bone matrix are A. lamellae.

B. lacunae.

E. canaliculi.

Bloom's Level: 1. Remember HAPS Objective: F02.01 List and describe the cellular and extracellular components of bone tissue. HAPS Objective: F02.02 Identify the internal structural components of compact bone and spongy bone. HAPS Topic: Module F Skeletal System and Articulations Learning Outcome: 06.03C. Describe the structure of woven and lamellar bone.

Learning Outcome: 06.03D. Explain the structural differences between compact bone and spongy bone. Section: 06.03 Topic: Microscopic anatomy of bone Topic: Skeletal System and Articulations Type: Study Guide 49. The covering of the outer surface of bone is the A. trabeculae.

B. lamellae.

C. lacunae.

D. periosteum.

E. canaliculi.

Bloom's Level: 1. Remember HAPS Objective: F02.01 List and describe the cellular and extracellular components of bone tissue. HAPS Objective: F02.02 Identify the internal structural components of compact bone and spongy bone. HAPS Topic: Module F Skeletal System and Articulations Learning Outcome: 06.03C. Describe the structure of woven and lamellar bone.

Learning Outcome: 06.03D. Explain the structural differences between compact bone and spongy bone. Section: 06.03 Topic: Microscopic anatomy of bone Topic: Skeletal System and Articulations Type: Study Guide 17

50. Spaces in the bone matrix that are occupied by osteocytes are A. periosteum.

B. trabeculae.

Bloom's Level: 1. Remember HAPS Objective: F02.01 List and describe the cellular and extracellular components of bone tissue. HAPS Objective: F02.02 Identify the internal structural components of compact bone and spongy bone.

HAPS Objective: F05.01 Compare and contrast the function of osteoblasts and osteoclasts during bone growth, repair, and remodeling. HAPS Topic: Module F Skeletal System and Articulations Learning Outcome: 06.03A. Describe the components of the extracellular matrix, and state the function of each. Learning Outcome: 06.03B. List each type of bone cell and give the function and origin of each.

Learning Outcome: 06.03D. Explain the structural differences between compact bone and spongy bone. Section: 06.03 Topic: Microscopic anatomy of bone Topic: Skeletal System and Articulations Type: Study Guide

51. These are blood vessels that carry blood from the medullary cavity and periosteum to the osteon and run perpendicular to the long axis of the bone.

A. Haversian canals B. lamellar canals C. Volkmann canals D. osteochondral canals E. Sharpey's canals

Bloom's Level: 1. Remember HAPS Objective: F02.01 List and describe the cellular and extracellular components of bone tissue. HAPS Objective: F02.02 Identify the internal structural components of compact bone and spongy bone.

HAPS Objective: F03.01 Identify the structural components of a long bone, with emphasis on region of longitudinal growth. HAPS Topic: Module F Skeletal System and Articulations Learning Outcome: 06.03C. Describe the structure of woven and lamellar bone.

Learning Outcome: 06.03D. Explain the stru1c8tural differences between compact bone and spongy bone. Section: 06.03 Topic: Microscopic

51. Spaces in the bone matrix that are occupied by osteocytes are A. periosteum.

B. trabeculae. anatomy of bone Topic: Skeletal System and Articulations Type: Study Guide

18

53. In which type of bone would osteons be present?

A. compact bone

Bloom's Level: 2. Understand HAPS Objective: F02.01 List and describe the cellular and extracellular components of bone tissue. HAPS Objective: F02.02 Identify the internal structural components of compact bone and spongy bone. HAPS Topic: Module F Skeletal System and Articulations Learning Outcome: 06.03D. Explain the structural differences between compact bone and spongy bone. Section: 06.03 Topic: Microscopic anatomy of bone Topic: Skeletal System and Articulations Type: Study Guide

54. In which type of bone would trabeculae be present?

A. spongy bone B. compact bone C. both spongy and compact

Bloom's Level: 2. Understand HAPS Objective: F02.01 List and describe the cellular and extracellular components of bone tissue. HAPS Objective: F02.02 Identify the internal structural components of compact bone and spongy bone. HAPS Topic: Module F Skeletal System and Articulations Learning Outcome: 06.03D. Explain the structural differences between compact bone and spongy bone. Section: 06.03 Topic: Microscopic anatomy of bone Topic: Skeletal System and Articulations Type: Study Guide

55. Which type of bone is considered dense bone?

A. compact bone B. spongy bone C. both spongy and compact 18

53. In which type of bone would osteons be present?

A. compact bone Bloom's Level: 2. Understand HAPS Objective: F02.02 Identify the internal structural components of compact bone and spongy bone.

HAPS Objective: F02.04 Explain the roles of dense regular and dense irregular connective tissue in the skeletal system. HAPS Topic: Module F Skeletal System and Articulations Learning Outcome: 06.03D. Explain the structural differences between compact bone and spongy bone. Section: 06.03 Topic: Microscopic anatomy of bone Topic: Skeletal System and Articulations Type: Study Guide

18

56. In which type of bone are osteoblasts and osteoclasts present?

A. spongy bone

Bloom's Level: 2. Understand HAPS Objective: F02.01 List and describe the cellular and extracellular components of bone tissue. HAPS Objective: F02.02 Identify the internal structural components of compact bone and spongy bone. HAPS Topic: Module F Skeletal System and Articulations Learning Outcome: 06.03B. List each type of bone cell and give the function and origin of each. Learning Outcome: 06.03D. Explain the structural differences between compact bone and spongy bone.

Section: 06.03 Topic: Microscopic anatomy of bone Topic: Skeletal System and Articulations

57. Which type of bone has concentric lamellae?

A. compact bone B. both spongy and compact C. spongy bone

Bloom's Level: 2. Understand HAPS Objective: F02.02 Identify the internal structural components of compact bone and spongy bone. HAPS Topic: Module F Skeletal System and Articulations Learning Outcome: 06.03D. Explain the structural differences between compact bone and spongy bone. Section: 06.03 Topic: Microscopic anatomy of bone Topic: Skeletal System and Articulations

58. Which type of bone appears porous?

A. spongy bone B. compact bone C. both spongy and compact 18

Bloom's Level: 2. Understand HAPS Objective: F02.02 Identify the internal structural components

56. In which type of bone are osteoblasts and osteoclasts present?

A. spongy bone of compact bone and spongy bone. HAPS Topic: Module F Skeletal System and Articulations Learning Outcome: 06.03D. Explain the structural differences between compact bone and spongy bone. Section: 06.03 Topic: Microscopic anatomy of bone Topic: Skeletal System and Articulations Type: Study Guide

18

Bloom's Level: 2. Understand HAPS Objective: F02.01 List and describe the cellular and extracellular components of bone tissue. HAPS Objective: F02.02 Identify the internal structural components of compact bone and spongy bone. HAPS Topic: Module F Skeletal System and Articulations Learning Outcome: 06.03B. List each type of bone cell and give the function and origin of each. Learning Outcome: 06.03D. Explain the structural differences between compact bone and spongy bone.

Section: 06.03 Topic: Microscopic anatomy of bone Topic: Skeletal System and Articulations Type: Study Guide

60. Which of the following is correctly matched?

A. short bone - carpal bone B. long bone - vertebra C. short bone - humerus D. flat bone - phalanges of the toes E. irregular bone – femur

Chapter 10 Cranial Nerves Multiple Choice Questions 1. The central nervous system develops from a flat mass of tissue called the neural A. groove.

B. tube.

C. plate.

D. crest.

E. fold.

Bloom's Level: 1. Remember HAPS Objective: H07.01 List the five developmental regions of the brain and identify the major areas of the adult brain that arise from each region.

Learning Outcome: 13.01A. Describe the development of the neural tube and name the embryonic pouches and the adult brain structures that they become.

Section: 13.01 Topic: Nervous System Type: Study Guide The cerebrum develops from the embryonic region called the F. telencephalon.

G. mesencephalon.

H. diencephalon.

I. metencephalon.

J. rhombencephalon.

Bloom's Level: 1. Remember HAPS Objective: H07.01 List the five developmental regions of the brain and identify the major areas of the adult brain that arise from each region.

Learning Outcome: 13.01A. Describe the development of the neural tube and name the embryonic pouches and the adult brain structures that they become.

Section: 13.01 Topic: Nervous System Type: Study Guide

2. From which germ layer does the nervous system form?

A. endoderm B. mesoderm C. exoderm D. ectoderm

Bloom's Level: 1. Remember HAPS Objective: H07.01 List the five developmental regions of the brain and identify the major areas of the adult brain that arise from each region.

Learning Outcome: 13.01A. Describe the development of the neural tube and name the embryonic pouches and the adult brain structures that they become.

Section: 13.01 Topic: Nervous System Type: Study Guide

3. What structures are formed from neural crest cells?

A. sensory, autonomic, and enteric neurons B. pigmented body cells C. adrenal medulla D. facial bones E. All of the choices form from neural crest cells

Bloom's Level: 1. Remember HAPS Objective: H07.01 List the five developmental regions of the brain and identify the major areas of the adult brain that arise from each region.

Learning Outcome: 13.01A. Describe the development of the neural tube and name the embryonic pouches and the adult brain structures that they become.

Section: 13.01 Topic: Nervous System 4. From which embryonic brain region does the cerebellum form?

A. telencephalon B. diencephalon C. mesencephalon D. metencephalon E. myelencephalon

Bloom's Level: 1. Remember 18 HAPS Objective: H07.01 List the five developmental regions of the brain and identify the major areas of the adult brain that arise from each region.

Learning Outcome: 13.01A. Describe the development of the neural tube and name the embryonic pouches and the adult brain structures that they become.

Section: 13.01 Topic: Nervous System Type: Study Guide

5. From which embryonic brain region does the medulla oblongata form?

A. telencephalon B. diencephalon C. mesencephalon D. metencephalon E. myelencephalon

Bloom's Level: 1. Remember HAPS Objective: H07.01 List the five developmental regions of the brain and identify the major areas of the adult brain that arise from each region.

Learning Outcome: 13.01A. Describe the development of the neural tube and name the embryonic pouches and the adult brain structures that they become.

Section: 13.01 Topic: Nervous System

6. What do the cavities of the neural tube become in the adult brain?

A. subarachnoid space B. ventricles C. auricles D. coelom

Bloom's Level: 1. Remember HAPS Objective: H07.01 List the five developmental regions of the brain and identify the major areas of the adult brain that arise from each region.

Learning Outcome: 13.01B. Explain the origin of the ventricles of the brain. Section: 13.01 Topic: Nervous System 7. Which of the following statements concerning the brainstem is true?

A. The brainstem consists of the medulla, pons, and cerebellum.

B. The brainstem is responsible for higher level thinking skills.

C. Damage to the brainstem is usually fatal.

D. All twelve cranial nerves enter or exit from the brainstem.

E. The brainstem is a relay for sensory input.

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Bloom's Level: 2. Understand HAPS Objective: H07.01 List the five developmental regions of the brain and identify the major areas of the adult brain that arise from each region.

HAPS Objective: H07.02 Correlate functions w1i9th each major area of the adult brain.

Learning Outcome: 13.02A. List the parts of the brainstem and describe their structural characteristics. Learning Outcome: 13.02B. Explain the functions of the parts of the brainstem.

Section: 13.02 Topic: Nervous System Type: Study Guide

8. In the CNS, clusters of gray matter containing cell bodies are called A. nuclei.

B. pyramids.

C. tracts.

D. peduncles.

E. ganglia.

Bloom's Level: 1. Remember HAPS Objective: H10.03 Contrast the relative position of gray matter and white matter in the spinal cord with the corresponding arrangement of gray and white matter in the brain.

Learning Outcome: 13.02A. List the parts of the brainstem and describe their structural characteristics. Section: 13.02 Topic: Nervous System Type: Study Guide

9. The fact that the right side of the brain controls the left side of the body is explainedby the A. division of the cerebrum into two hemispheres.

B. division of the cerebellum into two hemispheres.

C. decussation of the pyramids in the medulla.

D. need for contra-lateral control of body function.

E. brainstem being below the midbrain.

Bloom's Level: 1. Remember HAPS Objective: H07.01 List the five developmental regions of the brain and identify the major 19

areas of the adult brain that arise from each region.

HAPS Objective: H07.02 Correlate functions with each major area of the adult brain. Learning Outcome: 13.02B. Explain the functions of the parts of the brainstem.

Section: 13.02 Topic: Nervous System Type: Study Guide 10. Which of the following is correctly associated with the medulla oblongata?

A. It gives rise to conscious thoughts.

B. It contains nuclei for regulation of heart rate and blood vessel diameter.

C. It contains enlargements called cerebral peduncles.

D. It is the most superior portion of the brainstem.

E. It relays sensory information.

Bloom's Level: 2. Understand HAPS Objective: H07.01 List the five developmental regions of the brain and identify the major areas of the adult brain that arise from each region.

HAPS Objective: H07.02 Correlate functions with each major area of the adult brain.

Learning Outcome: 13.02A. List the parts of the brainstem and describe their structural characteristics. Learning Outcome: 13.02B. Explain the functions of the parts of the brainstem.

Section: 13.02 Topic: Nervous System Type: Study Guide 11. The pyramids of the medulla contain A. ascending motor tracts.

B. descending motor tracts.

C. ascending sensory tracts.

D. descending sensory tracts.

E. None of these choices are correct.

Bloom's Level: 1. Remember HAPS Objective: H07.01 List the five developmental regions of the brain and identify the major areas of the adult brain that arise from each region.

HAPS Objective: H07.02 Correlate functions with each major area of the adult brain.

Learning Outcome: 13.02A. List the parts of the brainstem and describe their structural characteristics. Learning Outcome: 13.02B. Explain the functions of the parts of the brainstem.

Section: 13.02 Topic: Nervous 19

System Type: Study Guide

12. Walking a tightrope would activate what portion(s) of the medulla?

A. the pyramids B. the superior colliculi C. the olives D. the pyramids and the superior colliculi E. the pyramids and the olives

Bloom's Level: 1. Remember HAPS Objective: H07.01 List the five developmental regions of the brain and identify the major areas of the adult brain that arise from each region.

HAPS Objective: H07.02 Correlate functions with each major area of the adult brain.

Learning Outcome: 13.02A. List the parts of the brainstem and describe their structural characteristics. Learning Outcome: 13.02B. Explain the functions of the parts of the brainstem.

Section: 13.02 Topic: Nervous System 13. Consider the following five terms and determine which does not belong.

A. medulla oblongata B. pons C. cardiac center D. pyramids E. olives

Bloom's Level: 2. Understand HAPS Objective: H07.01 List the five developmental regions of the brain and identify the major areas of the adult brain that arise from each region.

HAPS Objective: H07.02 Correlate functions with each major area of the adult brain.

Learning Outcome: 13.02A. List the parts of the brainstem and describe their structural characteristics. Learning Outcome: 13.02B. Explain the functions of the parts of the brainstem.

Section: 13.02 Topic: Nervous System

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14. Which of the following terms does NOT belong with the others?

A. medulla oblongata B. midbrain C. pons D. thalamus E. reticular formation

Bloom's Level: 2. Understand HAPS Objective: H07.01 List the five developmental regions of the brain and identify the major areas of the adult brain that arise from each region.

HAPS Objective: H07.02 Correlate functions with each major area of the adult brain.

Learning Outcome: 13.02A. List the parts of the brainstem and describe their structural characteristics. Learning Outcome: 13.02B. Explain the functions of the parts of the brainstem.

Section: 13.02 Topic: Nervous System 15. Which portion of the brainstem is continuous with the spinal cord?

A. medulla oblongata B. midbrain C. pons D. thalamus E. cerebral peduncles

Bloom's Level: 1. Remember HAPS Objective: H07.01 List the five developmental regions of the brain and identify the major areas of the adult brain that arise from each region.

HAPS Objective: H07.02 Correlate functions with each major area of the adult brain.

HAPS Objective: H10.01 Describe the gross anatomy of the spinal cord and spinal nerves and specify their location relative to the anatomy of the skeletal system.

Learning Outcome: 13.02A. List the parts of the brainstem and describe their structural characteristics. Learning Outcome: 13.02B. Explain the functions of the parts of the brainstem.

Section: 13.02 Topic: Nervous System

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16. A patient with a traumatic head injury may exhibit vomiting as a result of irritationof nuclei in the A. pons.

B. cerebellum.

C. medulla oblongata.

D. corpora quadrigemina.

E. midbrain.

Bloom's Level: 2. Understand HAPS Objective: H07.01 List the five developmental regions of the brain and identify the major areas of the adult brain that arise from each region.

HAPS Objective: H07.02 Correlate functions with each major area of the adult brain.

Learning Outcome: 13.02A. List the parts of the brainstem and describe their structural characteristics. Learning Outcome: 13.02B. Explain the functions of the parts of the brainstem.

Section: 13.02 Topic: Nervous System

17. A small lesion in the brainstem which resulted in a rapid heart rate, intense vasoconstriction, and elevated blood pressure would probably be located inthe A. medulla oblongata.

B. pons.

C. cerebellum.

D. hypothalamus.

E. cerebrum.

Bloom's Level: 2. Understand HAPS Objective: H07.02 Correlate functions with each major area of the adult brain. Learning Outcome: 13.02B. Explain the functions of the parts of the brainstem.

Section: 13.02 Topic: Nervous System

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18. The part of the brain that connects the medulla to the midbrain is the A. cerebral peduncle.

B. pons.

C. cerebellum.

D. thalamus.

E. hypothalamus.

Bloom's Level: 1. Remember HAPS Objective: H07.01 List the five developmental regions of the brain and identify the major areas of the adult brain that arise from each region.

Learning Outcome: 13.02A. List the parts of the brainstem and describe their structural characteristics. Section: 13.02 Topic: Nervous System 19. The nucleus for the facial nerve (cranial nerve VII) is located in the A. pons.

B. medulla.

C. mesencephalon.

D. cerebrum.

E. cerebellum.

Bloom's Level: 1. Remember HAPS Objective: H07.01 List the five developmental regions of the brain and identify the major areas of the adult brain that arise from each region.

HAPS Objective: H09.01 List the cranial nerves by name and number.

HAPS Objective: H09.03 Describe the location of the cranial nerve nuclei and the ganglia associated with the cranial nerves. Learning Outcome: 13.02A. List the parts of the brainstem and describe their structural characteristics.

Section: 13.02 Topic: Nervous System

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20. Damage to pontine nuclei might affect A. vision.

B. talking.

C. blood pressure.

D. respiration.

E. heart rate.

Bloom's Level: 1. Remember HAPS Objective: H07.01 List the five developmental regions of the brain and identify the major areas of the adult brain that arise from each region.

HAPS Objective: H07.02 Correlate functions with each major area of the adult brain.

Learning Outcome: 13.02A. List the parts of the brainstem and describe their structural characteristics. Learning Outcome: 13.02B. Explain the functions of the parts of the brainstem.

Section: 13.02 Topic: Nervous System 21. Which area of the brain contains areas that initiates REM sleep?

A. medulla oblongata B. pons C. thalamus D. midbrain E. diencephalon

Bloom's Level: 1. Remember HAPS Objective: H07.01 List the five developmental regions of the brain and identify the major areas of the adult brain that arise from each region.

HAPS Objective: H07.02 Correlate functions with each major area of the adult brain.

Learning Outcome: 13.02A. List the parts of the brainstem and describe their structural characteristics. Learning Outcome: 13.02B. Explain the functions of the parts of the brainstem.

Section: 13.02 Topic: Nervous System

19

22. Which two portions of the brain are involved in controlling respiration?

A. pons, hypothalamus B. cerebrum, hypothalamus C. pons, medulla oblongata D. medulla oblongata, cerebral peduncles E. pons, thalamus

Bloom's Level: 1. Remember HAPS Objective: H07.02 Correlate functions with each major area of the adult brain. Learning Outcome: 13.02B. Explain the functions of the parts of the brainstem.

Section: 13.02 Topic: Nervous System Type: Study Guide

23. The nuclei of cranial nerves III, IV, and V are located in the A. pons.

B. medulla.

C. midbrain.

D. diencephalon.

E. cerebellum.

Bloom's Level: 1. Remember HAPS Objective: H07.01 List the five developmental regions of the brain and identify the major areas of the adult brain that arise from each region.

HAPS Objective: H09.01 List the cranial nerves by name and number.

HAPS Objective: H09.03 Describe the location of the cranial nerve nuclei and the ganglia associated with the cranial nerves. Learning Outcome: 13.02A. List the parts of the brainstem and describe their structural characteristics.

Section: 13.02 Topic: Nervous System

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24. The superior and inferior colliculi are located in which of the following portions ofthe midbrain?

A. tegmentum (floor) B. cerebral peduncles C. substantia nigra D. red nucleus E. tectum (roof) Bloom's Level: 1. Remember HAPS Objective: H07.01 List the five developmental regions of the brain and identify the major areas of the adult brain that arise from each region.

HAPS Objective: H09.01 List the cranial nerves by name and number.

HAPS Objective: H09.03 Describe the location of the cranial nerve nuclei and the ganglia associated with the cranial nerves. Learning Outcome: 13.02A. List the parts of the brainstem and describe their structural characteristics.

Section: 13.02 Topic: Nervous System Type: Study Guide 25. The inferior colliculi A. are an integral part of the cerebrum.

B. are involved with auditory pathways in the CNS. C. interconnect directly with the eye.

D. are a major CNS motor neurotransmitter group.

E. are located in the pons.

Bloom's Level: 1. Remember HAPS Objective: H07.01 List the five developmental regions of the brain and identify the major areas of the adult brain that arise from each region.

HAPS Objective: H07.02 Correlate functions with each major area of the adult brain.

Learning Outcome: 13.02A. List the parts of the brainstem and describe their structural characteristics. Learning Outcome: 13.02B. Explain the functions of the parts of the brainstem.

Section: 13.02 Topic: Nervous System Type: Study Guide

20

26. The superior colliculi receive input from the A. eyes, skin, cerebrum and inferior colliculi.

B. inferior colliculi, pyramids, skin and red nucleus.

C. skin, ears, pyramids and cerebellum.

D. cerebrum, cerebellum, thalamus and inferior colliculi.

E. nose, tongue and inner ear.

Bloom's Level: 1. Remember HAPS Objective: H07.01 List the five developmental regions of the brain and identify the major areas of the adult brain that arise from each region.

HAPS Objective: H07.02 Correlate functions with each major area of the adult brain.

Learning Outcome: 13.02A. List the parts of the brainstem and describe their structural characteristics. Learning Outcome: 13.02B. Explain the functions of the parts of the brainstem.

Section: 13.02 Topic: Nervous System 27. When you walk up behind someone and tap their right shoulder, they will reflexively A. raise their arms.

B. hit you.

C. turn their head toward the left.

D. sneeze.

E. turn their head toward the right.

Bloom's Level: 2. Understand HAPS Objective: H07.02 Correlate functions with each major area of the adult brain. Learning Outcome: 13.02B. Explain the functions of the parts of the brainstem.

Section: 13.02 Topic: Nervous System

28. A bird hits the windshield of your car, and you reflexively duck and close youreyes.

Which of the following is responsible for this action?

A. medulla B. superior colliculi C. reticular formation D. thalamus E. cerebellum

Bloom's Level: 3. Apply HAPS Objective: H07.02 Correlate functions w2i0th each major area of the adult brain. Learning Outcome: 13.02B.

Explain the functions of the parts of the brainstem.

Section: 13.02 Topic: Nervous System

20

29. The substantia nigra interconnects with the A. basal nuclei.

B. tegmentum.

C. red nuclei.

D. reticular nuclei.

E. tectum.

Bloom's Level: 1. Remember HAPS Objective: H07.02 Correlate functions with each major area of the adult brain.

HAPS Objective: H09.03 Describe the location of the cranial nerve nuclei and the ganglia associated with the cranial nerves. Learning Outcome: 13.02A. List the parts of the brainstem and describe their structural characteristics.

Learning Outcome: 13.02B. Explain the functions of the parts of the brainstem. Section: 13.02 Topic: Nervous System Type: Study Guide

30. A lesion in the cerebral peduncles might affect A. hearing.

B. movement.

C. sight.

D. heart rate.

E. taste.

Bloom's Level: 1. Remember HAPS Objective: H07.01 List the five developmental regions of the brain and identify the major areas of the adult brain that arise from each region.

HAPS Objective: H07.02 Correlate functions with each major area of the adult brain.

Learning Outcome: 13.02A. List the parts of the brainstem and describe their structural characteristics. Learning Outcome: 13.02B. Explain the functions of the parts of the brainstem.

Section: 13.02 Topic: Nervous System

20

31. What part of the midbrain carries sensory tracts from the spinal cord?

A. tectum B. cerebral peduncles C. tegmentum D. red nucleus

Bloom's Level: 1. Remember HAPS Objective: H07.01 List the five developmental regions of the brain and identify the major areas of the adult brain that arise from each region.

HAPS Objective: H07.02 Correlate functions with each major area of the adult brain.

Learning Outcome: 13.02A. List the parts of the brainstem and describe their structural characteristics. Learning Outcome: 13.02B. Explain the functions of the parts of the brainstem.

Section: 13.02 Topic: Nervous System

32. What is the role of the red nuclei?

A. responding to loud noises and bright lights B. part of the auditory pathways in the CNS C. carries sensory information to the brain D. unconscious regulation and coordination of motor activities

Bloom's Level: 1. Remember HAPS Objective: H07.01 List the five developmental regions of the brain and identify the major areas of the adult brain that arise from each region.

HAPS Objective: H07.02 Correlate functions with each major area of the adult brain.

HAPS Objective: H09.03 Describe the location of the cranial nerve nuclei and the ganglia associated with the cranial nerves. Learning Outcome: 13.02A. List the parts of the brainstem and describe their structural characteristics.

Learning Outcome: 13.02B. Explain the functions of the parts of the brainstem. Section: 13.02 Topic: Nervous System Type: Study Guide

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33. The sleep/wake cycle is influenced by the A. basal nuclei.

B. reticular formation.

C. vermis.

D. thalamic nuclei.

E. cerebellum.

Bloom's Level: 1. Remember HAPS Objective: H07.01 List the five developmental regions of the brain and identify the major areas of the adult brain that arise from each region.

HAPS Objective: H07.02 Correlate functions with each major area of the adult brain. Learning Outcome: 13.02B. Explain the functions of the parts of the brainstem.

Section: 13.02 Topic: Nervous System Type: Study Guide

34. The reticular formation A. is composed of nuclei scattered throughout the cerebellum.

B. coordinates fine motor movements.

C. is composed of nuclei scattered throughout the brain stem.

D. is responsible for pain interpretation.

E. is composed of nuclei scattered throughout the cerebrum.

Bloom's Level: 1. Remember HAPS Objective: H07.01 List the five developmental regions of the brain and identify the major areas of the adult brain that arise from each region.

Learning Outcome: 13.02A. List the parts of the brainstem and describe their structural characteristics. Section: 13.02 Topic: Nervous System Type: Study Guide

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35. Which of the following activities would stimulate the reticular formation?

A. a warm bath B. a clock radio coming on in the morning C. a long lecture in a darkened auditorium D. eating a big meal E. getting a back rub

Bloom's Level: 3. Apply HAPS Objective: H07.01 List the five developmental regions of the brain and identify the major areas of the adult brain that arise from each region.

HAPS Objective: H07.02 Correlate functions with each major area of the adult brain.

Learning Outcome: 13.02A. List the parts of the brainstem and describe their structural characteristics. Learning Outcome: 13.02B. Explain the functions of the parts of the brainstem.

Section: 13.02 Topic: Nervous System

36. During an autopsy the brainstem was separated from the rest of the brain by acut between the A. medulla and pons.

B. pons and midbrain.

C. midbrain and diencephalon.

D. thalamus and cerebrum.

E. medulla and the spinal cord.

Bloom's Level: 3. Apply HAPS Objective: H07.01 List the five developmental regions of the brain and identify the major areas of the adult brain that arise from each region.

Learning Outcome: 13.02A. List the parts of the brainstem and describe their structural characteristics. Section: 13.02 Topic: Nervous System

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37. The cerebellum communicates with other parts of the CNS by means of nervetracts called the A. vermis.

B. flocculonodular pathways.

C. cerebellar peduncles.

D. arbor vitae.

E. folia.

Bloom's Level: 1. Remember HAPS Objective: H07.01 List the five developmental regions of the brain and identify the major areas of the adult brain that arise from each region.

HAPS Objective: H07.02 Correlate functions with each major area of the adult brain.

Learning Outcome: 13.03A. List the major regions of the cerebellum and describe the functions of each. Section: 13.03 Topic: Nervous System 38. The white matter of the cerebellum forms a branching network known as the A. folia.

B. superior peduncle.

C. arbor vitae.

D. tentorium cerebelli.

E. vermis.

Bloom's Level: 1. Remember HAPS Objective: H07.01 List the five developmental regions of the brain and identify the major areas of the adult brain that arise from each region.

HAPS Objective: H07.02 Correlate functions with each major area of the adult brain.

HAPS Objective: H10.03 Contrast the relative position of gray matter and white matter in the spinal cord with the corresponding arrangement of gray and white matter in the brain.

Learning Outcome: 13.03A. List the major regions of the cerebellum and describe the functions of each. Section: 13.03 Topic: Nervous System

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39. The portion of the cerebellum that is involved in balance and eye movements isthe A. vermis.

B. flocculonodular lobe.

C. cerebellar peduncles.

D. arbor vitae.

E. lateral hemisphere.

Bloom's Level: 1. Remember HAPS Objective: H07.01 List the five developmental regions of the brain and identify the major areas of the adult brain that arise from each region.

HAPS Objective: H07.02 Correlate functions with each major area of the adult brain.

Learning Outcome: 13.03A. List the major regions of the cerebellum and describe the functions of each. Section: 13.03 Topic: Nervous System 40. Smooth, flowing movements are the result of fine motor coordination in the A. anterior vermis.

B. cerebellar peduncles.

C. lateral cerebellar hemispheres.

D. flocculonodular lobe.

E. arbor vitae.

Bloom's Level: 1. Remember HAPS Objective: H07.01 List the five developmental regions of the brain and identify the major areas of the adult brain that arise from each region.

HAPS Objective: H07.02 Correlate functions with each major area of the adult brain.

Learning Outcome: 13.03A. List the major regions of the cerebellum and describe the functions of each. Section: 13.03 Topic: Nervous System

41. Which of the following is NOT a function of the cerebellum?

A. coordinate control of voluntary movements B. help in the maintenance of muscle tone C. control the heart rate D. control skeletal muscles to maintain balance E. control of posture, locomotion, and fine motor coordination.

Bloom's Level: 2. Understand HAPS Objective: H07.01 List the five developm20ental regions of the brain and identify the major areas of the adult brain that arise from each region.

HAPS Objective: H07.02 Correlate functions with each major area of the adult brain.

Learning Outcome: 13.03A. List the major regions of the cerebellum and describe the functions of each. Section: 13.03 Topic: Nervous System

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42. A person with a lesion in the brain exhibited the following manifestations: normaltension in skeletal muscle, disturbed fine motor control, exhibited tremors when reaching for objects.

What part of the brain is most likely damaged?

A. the prefrontal lobe B. the frontal lobe C. the basal ganglia D. the pyramids E. the cerebellum Bloom's Level: 3. Apply HAPS Objective: H07.01 List the five developmental regions of the brain and identify the major areas of the adult brain that arise from each region.

HAPS Objective: H07.02 Correlate functions with each major area of the adult brain.

Learning Outcome: 13.03A. List the major regions of the cerebellum and describe the functions of each. Section: 13.03 Topic: Nervous System 43. Ridges of the cerebellar cortex are called A. arbor vitae.

B. cerebellar peduncles.

C. the vermis.

D. folia.

Bloom's Level: 1. Remember HAPS Objective: H07.01 List the five developmental regions of the brain and identify the major areas of the adult brain that arise from each region.

HAPS Objective: H07.02 Correlate functions with each major area of the adult brain.

Learning Outcome: 13.03A. List the major regions of the cerebellum and describe the functions of each. Section: 13.03 Topic: Nervous System Type: Study Guide

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44. The stalk that connects the hypothalamus to the hypophysis (or pituitary gland) is the A. corpus callosum.

B. infundibulum.

C. insula.

D. intermediate mass.

E. arbor vitae.

Bloom's Level: 1. Remember HAPS Objective: H07.01 List the five developmental regions of the brain and identify the major areas of the adult brain that arise from each region.

HAPS Objective: H07.02 Correlate functions with each major area of the adult brain. Learning Outcome: 13.04A. List the parts of the diencephalon and state their functions.

Section: 13.04 Topic: Nervous System Type: Study Guide

45. The interthalamic adhesion connects the two portions of the A. thalamus.

B. epithalamus.

C. hypothalamus.

D. subthalamus.

E. corpus callosum.

Bloom's Level: 1. Remember HAPS Objective: H07.01 List the five developmental regions of the brain and identify the major areas of the adult brain that arise from each region.

HAPS Objective: H07.02 Correlate functions with each major area of the adult brain. Learning Outcome: 13.04A. List the parts of the diencephalon and state their functions.

Section: 13.04 Topic: Nervous System

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46. Which of the following is mismatched?

A. lateral geniculate nucleus - visual impulses B. medial geniculate nucleus - auditory impulses C. ventral posterior nucleus - sensory impulses D. dorsal tier of nuclei - taste impulses E. ventral lateral nuclei - motor functions

Bloom's Level: 2. Understand HAPS Objective: H07.01 List the five developmental regions of the brain and identify the major areas of the adult brain that arise from each region.

HAPS Objective: H07.02 Correlate functions with each major area of the adult brain. Learning Outcome: 13.04A. List the parts of the diencephalon and state their functions.

Section: 13.04 Topic: Nervous System Type: Study Guide

47. The habenular nuclei and pineal body are both found in the A. thalamus.

B. epithalamus.

C. hypothalamus.

D. subthalamus.

E. hyperthalamus.

Bloom's Level: 1. Remember HAPS Objective: H07.01 List the five developmental regions of the brain and identify the major areas of the adult brain that arise from each region.

HAPS Objective: H07.02 Correlate functions with each major area of the adult brain. Learning Outcome: 13.04A. List the parts of the diencephalon and state their functions.

Section: 13.04 Topic: Nervous System

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48. Which of the following is false?

A. The thalamus projects sensory information to the cerebral cortex.

B. The subthalamic nuclei are associated with the basal nuclei.

C. The thalamus controls many endocrine functions.

D. The pineal body may play a role in controlling the onset of puberty.

E. The third ventricle separates the two large portions of the thalamus.

Bloom's Level: 2. Understand HAPS Objective: H07.01 List the five developmental regions of the brain and identify the major areas of the adult brain that arise from each region.

HAPS Objective: H07.02 Correlate functions with each major area of the adult brain. Learning Outcome: 13.04A. List the parts of the diencephalon and state their functions.

Section: 13.04 Topic: Nervous System

49. Most sensory input that ascends through the spinal cord and brainstem projects tothe A. pineal gland.

B. hypothalamus.

C. thalamus.

D. mammillary bodies.

E. subthalamus.

Bloom's Level: 1. Remember HAPS Objective: H07.01 List the five developmental regions of the brain and identify the major areas of the adult brain that arise from each region.

HAPS Objective: H07.02 Correlate functions with each major area of the adult brain. Learning Outcome: 13.04A. List the parts of the diencephalon and state their functions.

Section: 13.04 Topic: Nervous System Type: Study Guide

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50. The mammillary bodies A. influence breast milk production.

B. produce reproductive hormones.

C. are involved in emotional responses to odors.

D. are found in the thalamus.

E. influence the onset of puberty.

Bloom's Level: 1. Remember HAPS Objective: H07.01 List the five developmental regions of the brain and identify the major areas of the adult brain that arise from each region.

HAPS Objective: H07.02 Correlate functions with each major area of the adult brain. Learning Outcome: 13.04A. List the parts of the diencephalon and state their functions.

Section: 13.04 Topic: Nervous System Type: Study Guide

51. Injury to the thalamus would A. cause us to stop breathing.

B. affect body temperature regulation.

C. affect pH regulation.

D. prevent puberty.

E. affect sensory projection to the cerebral cortex.

Bloom's Level: 1. Remember HAPS Objective: H07.01 List the five developmental regions of the brain and identify the major areas of the adult brain that arise from each region.

HAPS Objective: H07.02 Correlate functions with each major area of the adult brain. Learning Outcome: 13.04A. List the parts of the diencephalon and state their functions.

Section: 13.04 Topic: Nervous System Type: Study Guide

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52. Afferent fibers terminating in the hypothalamus provide input from the A. visceral organs.

B. taste receptors of the tongue.

C. limbic system.

D. the prefrontal cortex of the cerebrum.

E. All of these choices are correct.

Bloom's Level: 1. Remember HAPS Objective: H07.01 List the five developmental regions of the brain and identify the major areas of the adult brain that arise from each region.

HAPS Objective: H07.02 Correlate functions with each major area of the adult brain. Learning Outcome: 13.04A. List the parts of the diencephalon and state their functions.

Section: 13.04 Topic: Nervous System

53.

Anna has an eating disorder along with intense thirst and wildly varying body temperatures, which means she may have a dysfunction of the

A. pons.

B. medulla.

C. thalamus.

D. hypothalamus.

E. brainstem.

Bloom's Level: 3. Apply HAPS Objective: H07.01 List the five developmental regions of the brain and identify the major areas of the adult brain that arise from each region.

HAPS Objective: H07.02 Correlate functions with each major area of the adult brain. Learning Outcome: 13.04A. List the parts of the diencephalon and state their functions.

Section: 13.04 Topic: Nervous System

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54. Which of the following brain areas serves as the major control center of the autonomic nervous system and endocrine system?

A. hypothalamus B. midbrain C. pons D. thalamus E. brainstem

Bloom's Level: 1. Remember HAPS Objective: H07.01 List the five developmental regions of the brain and identify the major areas of the adult brain that arise from each region.

HAPS Objective: H07.02 Correlate functions with each major area of the adult brain. Learning Outcome: 13.04A. List the parts of the diencephalon and state their functions. Section: 13.04 Topic: Nervous System Type: Study Guide

55. The "thermostat" or nucleus that monitors blood temperature is located in the A. hypothalamus.

B. midbrain.

C. pons.

D. thalamus.

E. brainstem.

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