BIO 273 Cell Biology: Final Exam Section 2

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Final exam section 2 51. Metabolism can be categorized in the following phases A.

catabolism

B.

myotabolism

C.

anabolism

D.

A and C

E.

B and C

F.

A and B 52. BMR stands for A.

basic memory retention

B.

basal metabolic rate

C.

bregmatic myofascial release

D.

none of these 53. The primary (not initial) fuel during endurance exercise is A.

liver glycogen

B.

muscle glycogen

C.

fatty acids

D.

none of these 54. The human body consists of A.

chemicals

B.

cells

C.

tissues

D.

none of these

E.

all of these 55. The main purpose of the digestive system is A.

the breakdown of foods and waste elimination

B.

to supply oxygen and eliminate carbon dioxide

C.

reproduction and maintenance of sexual characteristics

D.

none of these 56. The average human adult skeleton has A.

80 bones

B.

126 bones

C.

206 bones

D.

over 400 bones

E.

none of these 57. The points of muscle attachment are known as the A.

insertion

B.

origin

C.

sesamoid

D.

A and B

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E.

none of these 58. Muscular hypertrophy is a(n) A.

increase in muscle fiber size

B.

decrease in muscle fiber size

C.

increase in the number of muscle fibers

D.

decrease in the number of muscle fibers

E.

none of these 59. Kinesiology is A.

the science or study of movement, and the active and passive structures involved

B.

the science of the morphology or structure of organisms

C.

the science concerned with the normal vital processes of animal and vegetable organisms

D.

the science concerned with the action of forces, internal, and external, on the living body

E.

none of these 60. An example of an antagonist muscle is the A.

biceps during biceps curl

B.

internal and external obliques during a crunch

C.

triceps during a biceps curl

D.

pronator teres during pronation

E.

none of these 61. The angle of pull is A.

the act of maintaining your body's balance

B.

an angle in which the muscle pulls relative to the long axis of the bone on which it pulls

C.

the sequential combination of movement outlining a geometric cone

D.

A and B

E.

A and C 62. A lever is defined as A.

the work done in a unit of time

B.

the rotary (angular) movement in any plane around an axis

C.

a rigid bar that turns around an axis of rotation or fulcrum

D.

none of these 63. Musculoskeletal deviations can result in A.

poor muscle balance

B.

poor flexibility

C.

improper spinal alignment

D.

all of these

E.

A and C 64. The knee is stabilized on the anterior side by which muscle?

A.

soleus

B.

hamstrings

C.

quadriceps

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D. E.

gluteus tensor fasciae latae 65. The shoulder joint is a multi-axial joint that allows for which of the following movements?

A.

flexion

B.

extension

C.

horizontal adduction

D.

circumduction

E.

all of these

F.

none of these 66. The angle of Q represents A.

acceleration

B.

starting strength

C.

explosive strength

D.

limit strength

E.

none of these 67. New trainees should _______ through the sticking point and ______ during the less strenuous portion of the lifts.

A.

inhale, exhale

B.

exhale, inhale

C.

hold their breath, exhale

D.

inhale, hold their breath

E.

none of these 68. The purpose of the general warm up is to A.

establish the optimal relationship between the forthcoming movements

B.

return the body to its resting state

C.

increase the functional potential of the body as a whole

D.

ensure exercise effectiveness

E.

all of these 69. What factors should be considered when working on exercise machines?

A.

range of motion

B.

adjustability

C.

balance

D.

A and B

E.

A, B, and C 70. Aerobic fitness is defined as the capacity to take in, transport, and utilize what substance?

A.

calcium

B.

helium

C.

oxygen

D.

carbon 71. Maximal heart rate is estimated by subtracting your age from A.

180

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B.

200

C.

220

D.

100

E.

60 72. Myofibrils are constructed of overlapping strands of protein polymers called A.

tropin and tropomyosin

B.

actin and tropomyosin

C.

tropin and myosin

D.

actin and myosin

E.

tropoactin and tropomyosin 73. If your goal is to improve range of motion, stretch to the point A.

just short of discomfort

B.

of extreme discomfort

C.

of mild or moderate discomfort

D.

of slight discomfort

E.

none of these 74. Body composition testing is the determination of A.

overall bodyweight

B.

fat compartments of the human body

C.

lean compartments of the human body

D.

A and B

E.

B and C

F.

A and C 75. All of the following are methods to assess body composition except A.

DEXA

B.

BIA

C.

skinfold measurements

D.

hydrostatic weighing

E.

muscle biopsy 76. The ISSA drawing-in phase is a process that A.

ensures a high level of client motivation

B.

distinguishes you as a professional

C.

has five stages

D.

all of these

E.

A and C 77. All of the following are acceptable methods to assess exercise intensity except A.

THR

B.

BMR

C.

RPE

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D.

DCR

E.

A and C

F.

B and D 78. Which principle states that we all undergo stress in three stages: shock, compensation, and exhaustion; therefore, we must train in cycles to account for these various stages?

A.

the overcompensation principle

B.

the principle of individual differences

C.

the overload principle

D.

the specificity principle

E.

the GAS principle 79. HIT is an acronym for A.

hard interval training

B.

healthy integrated training

C.

high intensity training

D.

humanly impossible training

E.

hyper-integrated technique 80. The leading hypothesis for delayed onset muscle soreness is/are A.

the connective tissue damage hypothesis

B.

the skeletal muscle damage hypothesis

C.

the spasm hypothesis

D.

all of these

E.

none of these 81. If your client can successfully complete two or more repetitions in the last set in two consecutive workouts for any given exercise, the load should be ___________, depending on your client's current physical abilities.

A.

increased by 1-5%

B.

increased by 2-10%

C.

increased by 5-15%

D.

increased by 10-20%

E.

none of these 82. Which of the following is not considered one of the major macronutrients?

A.

carbohydrates

B.

protein

C.

vitamins

D.

fat

E.

none of these 83. Carbohydrates are composed of A.

carbon

B.

hydrogen

C.

oxygen

D.

all of these

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E.

none of these 84. In a bomb calorimeter, what is the average number of calories in one gram of protein?

A.

9.44

B.

3.94

C.

7.09

D.

4.18

E.

5.65 85. Protein is composed of carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, and A.

helium

B.

calcium

C.

nitrogen

D.

sodium

E.

potassium 86. The standard recommended intake of fruits and vegetables is A.

between 1 and 2 servings per day

B.

between 2 and 4 servings per day

C.

between 5 and 10 servings per day

D.

between 10 and 13 servings per day

E.

none of these 87. Which of the following is not one of the three main types of fatty acids?

A.

monounsaturated

B.

omega fatty acids

C.

saturated

D.

polyunsaturated

E.

none of these 88. Fat-soluble vitamins include A, D, E, and A.

vitamin B

B.

vitamin C

C.

vitamin K

D.

none of these

E.

all of these 89. Water-soluble vitamins include A.

vitamin B

B.

vitamin C

C.

vitamin K

D.

A and B

E.

B and C

F.

A and C 90. Water makes up roughly what percentage of your total bodyweight?

A.

35%

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B.

25%

C.

60%

D.

70%

E.

none of these 91. Carbohydrates are found in the diet as which of the following?

A.

fiber

B.

sugar

C.

animal proteins

D.

starch

E.

none of these

F.

A, B, and D 92. What is your role and responsibility as a Certified Fitness Trainer?

A.

if you suspect that a problem exists, refer your client to a qualified medical professional

B.

always collect payments on the first training session

C.

if you suspect that a laceration is medial to the tibia, use a triangular bandage to prevent severe bleeding

D.

never prescribe or dispense any kind of medication whatsoever to anyone

E.

A and D

F.

A and C 93. If you suspect that a health-related issue exists with your client, refer them to a ____________.

A.

supervisor

B.

chiropractor

C.

qualified medical professional

D.

physical therapist 94. Proper healthy life style behaviors and sensible exercise would A.

prevent disease

B.

improve the quality of one's life

C.

maximize psychological acuity

D.

all of these

E.

A and B 95. Which of the following statements is true in regards to children?

A.

Children are not miniature adults.

B.

Children are susceptible to heat exhaustion and heat stroke.

C.

Children are more susceptible to cold injury.

D.

Children are particularly vulnerable to Osgood Schlatter's disease.

E.

all of these 96. Individuals with hypertension should moderate their intake of _______.

A.

fruit

B.

salt

C.

nuts

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D. E.

water none of these 97. Diabetes increases your likelihood of developing A.

heart disease

B.

stroke

C.

gangrene

D.

kidney disease

E.

all of these 98. Potential causes of arthritis include which of the following?

A.

heredity

B.

Lyme disease

C.

food allergies

D.

nervous system malfunction

E.

all of these 99. In the statement "Remembering the necessary steps of the primary survey is as easy as remembering your A, B, Cs," what do "A," "B," and "C" stand for?

A.

always be courteous

B.

airway, breathing, and circulation

C.

abdominals, biceps, and chest

D.

always bring candy

E.

none of these 100. Which principle(s) do emergency medicine professionals use to reduce the pain and inflammation associated with an athletic injury?

A.

RICE principle

B.

FITT principle

C.

HITT principle

D.

NCAA principle

E.

none of these

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