BIO 204 Module 4 Case Study

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BIO 204 Module 4 Case Study Which figure A or B, is of bacterial DNA? Figure A is of bacterial DNA because, there is no formation of nucleosome and there is no interaction with the histone proteins.

Which figure, A or B, is of eukaryotic DNA? Figure B is of eukaryotic DNA because, it is found within the nucleus, and eukaryotic is organized into many chromosomes.

1. Is the structure of DNA and replication of the DNA basically the same or basically different in bacteria and eukaryotes? Would a plant be able to replicate Bacterial DNA that was inserted into the plant genome? There are some differences between the structure and replication of DNA in bacteria and eukaryotes. Replication of bacterial DNA occurs in two opposite directions at the same time, with one point of origin. Eukaryote DNA replication doesn’t start in a specified direction and have multiple points of origin. If bacterial DNA was inserted into a plant’s genome, it would be able to replicate it, however, it would change the plant.

2. Review the basic process of transcription in bacteria and in eukaryotes. Prepare a statement for Mr. Rawley that addresses the basic molecular process of transcription. Note if the process in bacteria is basically the same or basically different in eukaryotes. There are different transcription processes for bacteria and eukaryotes, the basis process of transcription in bacteria involves Initiation, Elongation, and Termination whereas in eukaryote it consists of RNA polymerases, promoter sites, and Initiation of Transcription.

3. If the nucleotides in the gene were changed as indicated in the mistake sequence, what type of mutation would this be? Explain. A mistake in sequence could cause one of five mutation resulting in either loss of function, gain of function, frame shift mutation, point mutation, or null mutation. A change in nucleotides in the gene would cause point mutation.

4. The DNA shown is the + strand of the double stranded DNA that makes up the crygene. What would the mRNA sequence be when the minus strand DNA is transcribed? Give the first 33 bases. What would the amino acid sequence be when the mRNA is translated? Give the first 10 amino acids. The first 33 bases would be aacttatgga taacaatccg aacatcaatg aat. The first 10 amino acids would be gagaaacgga.

5. How is the protein product of this DNA different from the Bt toxin that would be made if the gene did not have a mutation? Make a prediction as to the functionality of this protein compared to Bt toxin. Bt genes contain Cry and Cyt proteins hat make it look unique from normal species. This produces more toxins against tumors and pathogens, causing less harm to the species.

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