AC1 Generator - PHYSICS LAB REPORT--Lab Final

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Lab Final - AC1 Generator *Disclaimer: This is an experiment we were given by our lab instructor. It was made to be rather “independent” of her, so our group is not really following a set order of directions this time.

There is a chance of our plan being completely off, or us missing an important detail.

Introduction/Abstract: To complete the setup, we were given a magnet, a spring (with an unknown spring constant), ring mass weights, a wire coil, an oscilloscope, as well as additional items like clamps and poles. The main objective of this experiment was to develop a model that would enable us to forecast the voltage oscillation frequency of a system given the total weight being magnetized to a spring. If there is one, it should be found between mass and oscillation frequency.

We experimented with frequencies and masses of 50, 100, 150, 200, and 250 for the two distinct springs. We attached ring weights to the spring and rod that were connected above the wire coil.

The weight holder connecting the weights to the spring weighed 50 grams on its own, hence the initial testing of 50 grams was conducted without any weights. Since we had no reliable method of weighing the magnet within the lab since it was quite light, we ignored its weight. We discovered that as more mass was added, the frequency reduced, and the spring constant gradually increased (logarithmically). This implies that the frequency decreases with increasing mass.

If we add more mass, the frequency eventually decreases because the mass increases much more quickly than the spring constant. The frequency would still decrease even if the spring constant essentially remained unchanged because of a stronger spring or a less significant change in mass.

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If we didn't already know the spring constant, we couldn't determine the frequency of that occurrence.

Intro: We are studying the relationship between the oscillation frequency and the mass of weights on a spring all inside a voltage coil. The voltage coil is there to ensure a constant frequency.

We have frequency: This equation has the spring constant, the mass, and the frequency as variables. If you look at the format, if we keep k constant, when m increases, that value in the square root becomes smaller, making the result smaller. Our team then hypothesized that as the mass gets bigger, the oscillation frequency will get smaller. They are inversely related. It makes sense because there is the same force in the spring pushing and pulling, but the amount getting pushed or pulled increases.

Methods and Materials: •

Ruler

•

Spring

•

Ring Magnet

•

Ring Weights

•

Weight Connector (Connect weights & magnet to spring)

•

Oscilloscope

•

Wire Coil

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•

Poles and Clamps (+ something to hang spring off)

•

Other things to ensure environment and equipment stability…

Procedure: 1. Configure the tools such that the wire coil and oscilloscope are linked.

2. Attach weights and a magnet to the spring, then suspend it from a hook or other object so that the weight(s) and magnet are essentially in the coil's center.

The spring should feel quite soft if you handle it softly.

For optimum performance, you might need to tweak the hook height once more.

3. Start the oscilloscope, then select auto-adjust.

4. Next, adjust the time, horizontal, and vertical knobs to see the frequency more clearly. a.

Except for auto-adjust and the buttons to change the viewing frequencies, you can essentially ignore all the other buttons.

5. Keep frequency logs for each of your weights. (We carried out 5 various weight testing) a. Take note that we used incredibly diverse weights. So much so that it stretches a lot that the spring constantly changes. Be careful when deciding on your weight.

6. Ensure that you tidy up after yourself or yourself *Additional: Uncertainties.

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If you can get uncertainties for the frequency from your teacher do that, but I think you could also calculate frequency uncertainty using all the frequencies you just got, finding the statistical uncertainty and instrumental uncertainty, and then finding the total uncertainty.

Results:

The frequencies that correspond to the weight that we apply to the springs are what we have gathered. The visual representation of those are the graphs. The trend lines for each spring reflect a general function that, when a weight is added, yields an estimated frequency for that spring.

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The uncertainties can be located under the weight and frequency statistics for each spring. To determine the frequency's standard deviation, I used the =STDEV function. I then multiplied that by sqrt (5). After that, multiply the square of the instrumental uncertainty by the standard deviation. then take its square root. The frequency uncertainty is located at the bottom.

Discussion: The results? Our hypothesis was correct. As we increase mass, the frequency gets lower. This we can confirm even if the spring constant value also changes directly related to the added mass.

There were a few mishaps in our experiment though. There were different strengths and weaknesses during the experiment such as while we were using the different magnets with or without magnets on the scale. There were some experimental errors while we were trying to work on our experiment, such as at first, we were using the wrong frequency reader, Conclusion: The experiment was great way to learn how to calculate the frequency of different weights using the strength of different springs and scales.

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