Industrial Waste Water Quality Standard Abu Khairul Bashar, Department of Environmental Sciences, Jahangirnagar University, Savar, Dhaka-1342
Introduction Water is a transparent fluid which forms the world's streams, lakes, oceans and rain, and is the major constituent of the fluids of living things. As a chemical compound, a water molecule contains one oxygen and two hydrogen atoms that are connected by covalent bonds. Water is a liquid at standard ambient temperature and pressure, but it often co-exists on Earth with its solid state, ice; and gaseous state, steam (water vapor).Water covers 71% of the Earth's surface. It is vital for all known forms of life. On Earth, 96.5% of the planet's water is found in seas and oceans, 1.7% in groundwater, 1.7% in glaciers and the ice caps of Antarctica and Greenland, a small fraction in other large water bodies, and 0.001% in the air as vapor, clouds (formed of solid and liquid water particles suspended in air), and precipitation. Only 2.5% of the Earth's water is freshwater, and 98.8% of that water is in ice and groundwater. Less than 0.3% of all freshwater is in rivers, lakes, and the atmosphere, and an even smaller amount of the Earth's freshwater (0.003%) is contained within biological bodies and manufactured products. Wastewater is liquid waste discharged by domestic residences, commercial properties, industry, agriculture, which often contains some contaminants that result from the mixing of wastewater from different sources. Based on its origin wastewater can be classed as sanitary, commercial, industrial, agricultural or surface runoff. Term wastewater need to be separated from the term sewage, sewage is subset of wastewater that is contaminated with feces or urine though many people use term sewage referring to any waste water. Water Standard can provide a reliable supply of process water for constructionsite demands, with flexible contract durations to meet short or long term needs. Almost every industrial process requires water and water demand grows in parallel with increases in the global industrial base. These sectors include power generation, refineries, construction, agriculture, metals and mining. In these sectors, large volumes of treated water are involved in the production process. Companies are increasingly evaluating their water footprint and ways to access, utilize and reuse water more efficiently. For application in industrial sectors, Water Standard’s mobile and power independent vessel-based solutions provide a reliable and cost-competitive alternative, capable of meeting water quality and quantity needs as a site-specific or regional solution. Water Standard can comply with varing water quality and quantity requirements and has the ability to ramp up or down to meet fluctuations in water demand. Water Standard also has the design and operational flexibility to meet a construction site’s wastewater treatment requirements. Water Standard can also design to provide a construction site with additional power, if needed.
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