THESIS REPORT - DEVELOPMENT CENTRE FOR STREET CHILDREN , JAIPUR

THESIS REPORT Year: 2021-22 Batch No. 19

DEVELOPMENT CENTER FOR STREET CHILDREN, JAIPUR

Undertaken by: Abhishek Jangid Enrollment No.: 17E1AAARM40P005 V Year B.Arch. (A)

Prof. Pushpak Bhagwati GUIDE

Aayojan School of Architecture ISI-4, RIICO Institutional Block, Sitapura, Jaipur-302022

Prof. Archana Singh COORDINATOR

APPROVAL The thesis titled “Development centre for street children, Jaipur” is hereby approved as an original work of Abhishek Jangid, enrollment no.

17E1AAARM40P005 on the approved subject carried out and presented in manner satisfactory to warrant its acceptance as per the standard laid down by the university. This report has been submitted in the partial fulfilment for the award of Bachelor of Architecture degree from Rajasthan Technical University, Kota.

It is to be understood that the undersigned does not necessarily endorse or approve any statement made, any opinion expressed or conclusion drawn therein, but approves the study only for the purpose it has been submitted. ………..…..2022 Jaipur

Prof. K.S. MAHAJANI EXTERNAL EXAMINER

PRINCIPAL

Prof. ARCHANA SINGH EXTERNAL EXAMINER

COORDINATOR

i

DECLARATION I, Abhishek Jangid here by solemnly declare that the research work undertaken by me, titled “Development centre for street children, Jaipur” is my original work and wherever I have incorporated any information in the form of photographs, text, data, maps, drawings, etc. from different sources, has been duly acknowledged in my report.

This thesis has been completed under the supervision of the guide allotted to me by the school. Further, whenever and wherever my work shall be presented or published it will be jointly authored with my guide.

Abhishek Jangid V Year B.Arch. (A) Aayojan School of Architecture, Jaipur

CERTIFICATE This is to certify that the research titled, “Development centre for street children, Jaipur” is a bonafide work by Abhishek Jangid of Aayojan School of Architecture, Jaipur. This research work has been completed under my guidance and supervision in a satisfactory manner. This report has been submitted in partial fulfilment of award of BACHELOR OF ARCHITECTURE degree from Rajasthan Technical University, Kota.

This research work fulfils the requirements relating to the nature and standard laid down by the Rajasthan Technical University.

Prof. Pushpak Bhagwati Guide Aayojan School of Architecture, Jaipur ii

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT I feel extremely grateful upon completion of my research work. il take this opportunity to thank everyone, without whose support, discussion and assistance. This report would not have been possible without their contribution.

First of all I would like to acknowledge and extend my gratitude to my thesis guide, Prof. Pushpak Bhagwati for his intriguing ideas, constant support and supervision throughout the research.

I am grateful to my college and Prof. K.S. Mahajani principal of Aayojan School of Architecture, for providing a conductive college environment and the proficient faculties which made thesis a fruitful learning process.

I also thank the Dean of Academics, Prof. N.S. Rathore for providing me the opportunities to embark on this journey and move forward with this subject matter.

I would thank my coordinator, Prof. A.S. Rathore. In every phase of this journey, her valuable inputs and guidance that I have been able to complete my thesis project.

I also thank my friends (Dhruv, Harshita , Anamika , Hitika & Aditya) and my family for their constant support and affection.

And lastly of course, the internet and the online library resources for all the valuable archives and information that exist and could be gathered in the times of secondary source research.

Abhishek Jangid V Year B.Arch. (A) Aayojan School of Architecture, Jaipur iii

ABSTRACT Architecture is a solution for every type of building. Through our design ideas, we can improve people's mental states and difficulties.

The aim of the research is to extract the spatial design aspects of informal learning spaces in order to explore how they affect students' preferences in terms of how they utilise the spaces and what they do inside them. The goal of this research was to look at the impact of physical environment on student involvement and community.

Interactive spaces in institutions are very important in now a day to gather and interaction for the students. Informal learning spaces play a significant role in enriching student experiences in learning environments. Using a literature study to collect data and observations from research papers.

Four parameters were found as having an impact on the interactive quality of space.

A campus's physical environment serves as the background for learning and social interactions. These interactions result in involved students, which help with the development of community, and vibrant communities on campuses contribute to student persistence and academic achievement.

Designing a development centre should include, not only shelter, but spaces for education, medical care areas and recreational spaces. To provide the child with all their missing needs under one roof. For them to give back to the community and be an asset not a burden

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CONTENTS Page No. Approval

i

Declaration

ii

Certificate

ii

Acknowledgement

iii

Abstract

iv

Contents

v-vii

List of illustrations

vii- xii

List of tables

xiii

CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION

1-5

1.1 Background of the study 1.2 Need of the center 1.3 Criteria of selection 1.4 Aim 1.5 Objectives

CHAPTER 2: PRE DESIGN STUDIES

6 – 45

2.1 Manav sadhna centre, Ahmedabad 2.2 Deepalaya school, gusbedhi, haryana 2.3 Roy McMurtry youth centre 2.4 The orphan, Netherlands 2.5 Manav Gulzar, Ahmedabad 2.6 Byelaws 2.7 Standards

v

CHAPTER 3: SITE ANALYSIS

46 – 55

3.1 location 3.2 SWOT analysis 3.3 Climatic data analysis 3.4 Site analysis and strategies 3.5 Area program

CHAPTER 4: ARCHITECTURAL DESIGN

56 – 67

4.1 Concept 4.2 Zoning plan 4.3 architectural plans 4.4 elevation 4.5 sections 4.6 Roof plan 4.6 view

CHAPTER 5: DESIGN ELECTIVE - LANDSCAPE 5.1 Introduction 5.2 Criteria of selection 5.3 Aim 5.4 Objectives 5.5 Methodology 5.6 Theories and concepts 5.7 Site plan 5.8 Types of plants

vi

68 – 74

CHAPTER 6: TECHNOLOGY ELECTIVE - PLUMBING

75 – 89

6.1 Introduction 6.2 Criteria of selection 6.3 Aim 6.4 Objectives 6.5 Methodology 6.6 Scope of work 6.7 Selection of plumbing systems 6.8 Water demand calculations 6.9 drainage plan 6.10 toilet details 6.11 water supply sections details

GLOSSARY OF TERMS

xi

BIBLIOGRAPHY

xi

vii

LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS S. NO.

TITLE

SOURCE

PAGE NO

CHAPTER - 1 1.1

Situation of Street children

https://en.wikipedia.org/w 02 iki/Street_children_in_India

CHAPTER - 2 2.1

View of site

www.re-

07

thinkingthefuture.com 2.2

Different view of site

www.re-

07

thinkingthefuture.com 2.3

2.4

Site context of manav

www.re-

sadhna

thinkingthefuture.com

Architectural plan

www.re-

08

09

thinkingthefuture.com/ manav-sadhna-by-yatinpandya 2.5

Courtyard view

www.re-

09

thinkingthefuture.com 2.6

Plan

www.re-

10

thinkingthefuture.com 2.7

Sections of the site

www.re-

11

thinkingthefuture.com 2.8

Isometric view of site

www.re-

11

thinkingthefuture.com 2.9

Central open court

www.archdaily.com

12

2.10

Use of Corridor

www.archdaily.com

12

2.11

Semi covered area

www.archdaily.com

12

2.12

View of the site

www.deepalaya.org

13

viii

2.13

Location of the site

www.deepalaya.org

14

2.14

Site plan

www.deepalaya.org

15

2.15

Different views of the site

www.deepalaya.org

15

2.16

View of the primary school

www.deepalaya.org

16

2.17

Plan of the primary school

www.researchgate.net

17

2.18

Hospital plan

www.researchgate.net

18

2.19

View of hospital

www.deepalaya.org

18

2.20

Plan of the secondary

www.researchgate.net

19

school 2.21

View of secondary school

www.deepalaya.org

19

2.22

Boy’s dormitory plan

www.researchgate.net

20

2.23

View of Boy’s dormitory

www.deepalaya.org

21

2.24

Girl’s dormitory view

www.deepalaya.org

21

2.25

plan of girl’s dormitory

www.researchgate.net

22

2.26

View of the centre

www.archdaily.com/roy-

23

mcmurtry-youth-centrekleinfeldt-mychajlowycz 2.27

Site plan

www.archdaily.com

25

2.28

Different views of the site

www.archdaily.com

25

2.29

Admin block plan

www.archdaily.com

26

2.30

Academic block plan

www.archdaily.com

26

2.31

View of the site

in.pinterest.com

27

2.32

Hostel block plan

www.archdaily.com

27

2.33

Worship centre plan

www.archdaily.com

27

2.34

View of indoor space of

in.pinterest.com

27

centre 2.35

View of open area

in.pinterest.com

27

2.36

Isometric view of plan

www.archdaily.com

28

2.37

Geometry Shape plan

www.archdaily.com

29

2.38

Sketch of the building shape www.archdaily.com

29

ix

2.39

Water feature in planning

in.pinterest.com

29

2.40

Zoning plan

www.archdaily.com

30

2.41

View of courtyard

in.pinterest.com

30

2.42

View of the building block

in.pinterest.com

31

2.43

Key map of the project

www.archdaily.com

31

2.44

Circulation plan in building

www.archdaily.com

32

2.45

View of the building block

in.pinterest.com

33

2.46

Different views of the interior

in.pinterest.com

34

2.47

Site plan

in.pinterest.com

35

2.48

Site sections

in.pinterest.com

36

2.49

Zoning and movement plan

www.archdaily.com

36

2.50

Different views of the site

www.archdaily.com

37

2.51

Connection of indoor and

www.archdaily.com

37

outdoor 2.52

Library

Time saver standards

38

2.53

Table space requirement

Time saver standards

38

2.54

Auditorium shapes

Time saver standards

39

2.56

Types of rows in auditorium

Time saver standards

39

en.climate-data.org/

46

CHAPTER - 3 3.01

Map of jaipur in India

india/rajasthan/jaipur 3.02

Proposed site view in jaipur

Google maps

46

3.03

Site area with road

Google maps

47

3.04

Land use map of site

Jaipur development

47

authority 3.05

Surrounding of the site

Google maps

48

3.06

Different views of the site

author

49

3.07

Climatic map of india

en.climate-data.org/

50

india/rajasthan/jaipur

x

3.08

Trees of the region

3.09

Average temp. of jaipur

51 en.climate-data.org/

51

india/rajasthan/jaipur 3.10

Weather map of jaipur

en.climate-data.org/

52

india/rajasthan/jaipur 3.11

Accessibility to facilities like

Google maps

52

3.12

Site analysis

en.climate-data.org/

53

india/rajasthan/jaipur

Chapter- 4 4.1

Use of courtyard

in.pinterest.com

57

4.2

Use of water body in design

in.pinterest.com

58

4.3

Zoning program

Author

58

4.4

Zoning plan of design

Author

59

4.5

Zoning of building blocks

Author

60

4.6

Site plan of design

Author

61

4.7

First floor plan of design

Author

62

4.8

Different blocks plans of

Author

63

design 4.9

Roof plan

Author

64

4.10

elevations

Author

65

4.11

sections

Author

66

4.12

render

Author

67

Chapter- 5 5.1

Sense of gardens

in.pinterest.com

71

5.2

Element of therapy garden

The Fundamentals of

72

Landscape Architecture 5.3

Landscape plan

Author

73

5.4

Types of plants

Author

74

5.5

Elements detail section

Author

75

xi

5.5

Water feature details

Author

76

https://archi-

80

Chapter- 6 6.1

Water supply system

monarch.com/pipingsystem-in-plumbing/ 6.2

Two pipe system

https://archi-

82

monarch.com/pipingsystem-in-plumbing/ 6.3

6.4

Rain water harvesting

https://www.watercache.

system

com/ rainwaterharvesting

Sewage treatment plant

https://www.watercache.

83

84

com/education 6.5

Sewage site plan

Author

88

6.6

Toilet details of water supply

Author

89

Author

90

and disposal 6.7

kitchen details of water supply and disposal

xii

LIST OF TABLES S. NO.

TITLE

SOURCE

PAGE NO

Chapter - 2 2.1

Byelaws for staircase

National building code

38

2.2

Setbacks for building

National building code

40

2.3

Road width and building

National building code

41

Author

53-54

Author

60

Author

70

Author

74

Author

78

heights Chapter - 3 3.1

Required area program of project

Chapter - 4 4.1

Program flow chart

Chapter - 5 5.1

Methodology of landscape design

5.2

Types of plans

Chapter - 6 6.1

Methodology of plumbing design

xiii

DEVELOPMENT CENTRE FOR STREET CHILDREN, JAIPUR

CHAPTER – 1 INTRODUCTION

DEVELOPMENT CENTRE FOR STREET CHILDREN, JAIPUR THESIS TOPIC DEVELOPMENT CENTRE FOR STREET CHILDREN, JAIPUR 1.1 NEED OF THE STUDY The issue of street children has grown into a prominent research topic around the world. Children end up on the streets as a result of unstable families and other factors that make life difficult for them. Alcoholism, low salaries, substance misuse, divorce and separation, bad connections, and the death of parents are all characteristics of such households.

These children encounter obstacles such as a lack of early childhood education, safe drinking water, nutritious food, enough clothing, and competent medical care. The children labour in low-wage jobs such as motels, newspaper hawking, and car washing, where they are underpaid and harassed.

As a result, these youngsters are more susceptible to illnesses like waterborne sickness, HIV, and psychological anguish. India is one of the countries dealing with the problem of street children, who number 18 million and are concentrated primarily in the cities of Kolkata and Bombay.

As a result, some project proposals seek to build a plan for rehabilitating 1,000,000 street children in India for a period of two years using sustainable initiatives such as early childhood education, early, and good nutrition.

Figure 1.1

2

DEVELOPMENT CENTRE FOR STREET CHILDREN, JAIPUR WHAT EXACTLY ARE STREET CHILDREN? Street Children are individuals who work and live on the streets, parks, pavements, bus stops, railway stations, and public locations with the sky as their roof and are under the age of 18.

They are divided into three types: According to the UNICEF: Children of the Street Family: These are the children of a family that is/was living on the streets. These youngsters also accompany their parents to roadside rest stops, footpaths, and railway stations.

Youngsters on the Street: These are the children that spend the entire day or night on the streets and rarely come home.

Children of the Streets: They are totally homeless. They have no family or relatives to whom they may turn. They are all self-sufficient.

Street children are a distinct group with unique issues that do not apply to other youngsters. Some of their problems on the streets are as follows: 1. They have no one to look after their requirements 2. They have to fend for themselves because they are on the street.

3. The street quickly eliminates childhood and the child becomes a youth.

4. The child then has to cope with the problems and stress of the adult world.

5. They are unskilled and lack the necessary education for any option.

6. As a result, the majority of them work odd occupations such as-rag picking, shoe shining, unlicensed porter in hotels and tea shops, begging, and pimping.

1.2 WHY DO WE NEED SUCH CENTRES? street children development center frees the society from this phenomenon, as they built a good foundation for the country. We all know 3

DEVELOPMENT CENTRE FOR STREET CHILDREN, JAIPUR that when we build a good educated know ledged children's we make a good youth, and by that we raise several sides in community and state.

REHABILITATION CENTERS work on developing the child, through provision, protection, and participation...

1.3 CRITERIA OF SELECTION -Promote the cultural values for them -Provide formal and vocational education -Developing the spiritual to increase their habits behavior and attitudes -Increase the social community by attention, helping and providing the equitable environment like the tradition child -Change the negative attitude of the society towards street children, -Build the capacity of the personnel working in the field, -Remove the child from the streets and build his capacities to be better integrated.

-To improve their emotional, social, and physical well-being.

-To inspire people to work for self-occupation.

-To offer a safe and secure environment for street children.

This can be done through 1 Vocational Training and Employment 2. Educational Programs 3. Recreational, Cultural & Religious Programs 4 Discovering the available changes for street children and the community

4

DEVELOPMENT CENTRE FOR STREET CHILDREN, JAIPUR 1.4 AIM: 1. This thesis is aimed at understanding and integrating the built environment with the requirements of Street Children.

2. The proposal is to design a center for them so as to create an enabling environment comprising of learning space, rehabilitation and accommodation. Architectural spatial planning and design goes beyond superficial aesthetics appeal and affects the users psychologically, addressing their needs and design accommodation based on their behavioral, cultural and social aspects.

1.5 OBJECTIVES: 1. The main objective of the Rehabilitation Center is to develop confidence in kids' minds and to develop them to face the daily activities and aims at providing homes for the street children who are orphans/ are abandoned by their families, or have run away from homes.

2. Children have the right to get the best education and care possible, to become fully prepared to step into society and become active members of the Indian Community so that they can contribute to the development.

3. To increase awareness amongst the general public and to generate revenue, the center will have a controlled public zone with shops, display area, etc. but in order to incorporate this, care must be taken to manage these children.

5

DEVELOPMENT CENTRE FOR STREET CHILDREN, JAIPUR

CHAPTER – 2 PRE-DESIGN STUDIES

DEVELOPMENT CENTRE FOR STREET CHILDREN, JAIPUR 2.1 MANAV SADHNA CENTRE, AHMEDABAD

Architect - Yatin Pandya Site area - 1200sqm Children strength – 300

Figure 2.1

Every Saturday since 1990, a group of young volunteers inspired by Gandhian principles has gathered beneath the branches of a tree in the Gandhi Ashram to play with street children. They fed the kids a nutritious lunch and taught them about basic hygiene by clipping their nails and washing them. Manav Sadhna, built by Ar. Yatin Pandya, is a rehabilitation centre for street children as well as slum children living nearby. This Centre is one of the greatest examples of architecture blending with practicality on such a little plot of land.

Figure 2.2

7

DEVELOPMENT CENTRE FOR STREET CHILDREN, JAIPUR Role of the activity centre – The Multi-Purpose Activity Centre functions as an informal school for young children, as well as providing evening education for adults. It functions as a training facility and an activity centre. Workshop for the Production of Handcrafted Goods Women's and the elderly's products.

IMMEDIATE CONTEXT Jeevan Tirth A Children's Center in Juna Vadaj to Develop Children's Cultural Values. It is managed by Manav Sadhna NG. Rudra mahila udyan kendra Providing Women with Vocational Training and Employment Opportunities

Figure 2.3

8

DEVELOPMENT CENTRE FOR STREET CHILDREN, JAIPUR ARCHITECTURAL PLANS

Figure 2.4

Figure 2.5

9

DEVELOPMENT CENTRE FOR STREET CHILDREN, JAIPUR Architectural expressions – •The plan is c-shaped, with a central courtyard serving as the building's main breathing area, as well as a multifunctional space.

•non-programmatic spaces, such as those formed around a tree.

•Corridors are essential components of the Centre.

•The expanded plinth serves as a semi-covered chamber for the events, and many informal activities take place on the otla.

INFERENCES The whole feeling of the place is really inviting and pleasant; the scale and feel of the building are ideal for a homeless youngster.

In this institute, this youngster feels protected, secure, and joyous.

Source - https://www.re-thinkingthefuture.com/architecture/housing/manavsadhna-by-yatin-pandya/

Figure 2.6

10

DEVELOPMENT CENTRE FOR STREET CHILDREN, JAIPUR

Figure 2.7

Design inferences: Inner Spaces are linked to the outside world by a visual connection.

The semi-open space provides the possibility of in-out space Such introverted places assist the kid in growing and learning confidence.

Students may appreciate and feel the difference in different sorts of materials utilized the area.

The extended plinth is a key component of the structure, connecting the entire structure as a whole single unit.

Figure 2.8

11

DEVELOPMENT CENTRE FOR STREET CHILDREN, JAIPUR Inferences – For the most part, sporting activities take place on the central open court, which gives the Centre an airy feel. The middle court is shady throughout the day, making it ideal for youngsters.

Figure 2.9

The corridor here serves as the center's backbone, connecting all activities and leading to the central courtyard.

This plinth is used for a variety of activities such as dance, painting, art and crafts, and so on. Courtyards are particularly essential in such Centers.

Figure 2.10

Semi-covered areas or extended plinths play an essential role in carrying out non-formal activities in such a Centre. These are spill-out areas that allow you to extend the function and open up the space

Figure 2.11

12

DEVELOPMENT CENTRE FOR STREET CHILDREN, JAIPUR 2.2 DEEPALAYA SCHOOL, GUSBEDHI, HARYANA Architect- Ar. Ranjit p. john Target groups-Orphans, street children, village children Immediate surrounding- Gusbethi village Distant surrounding- Patuka village, sohna,

Figure 2.12

It is a registered charity, deepalaya has been operating since 1979 to help the socially and economically marginalized become self-sufficient. deepalaya is an iso 9001:2008 certified NGO and operates in delhi, haryana (mewat and gurgaon district), uttar pradesh (saharanpur) and uttarakhand (almora district). deepalaya's institutional care center was established in 2000 to help Delhi’s Street children. today, the project is home to 33 girls and 58 boys, all from challenging situations. some of them were found languishing on railway platforms, while others are victims of child abuse, children of lifetime convicts, hiv aids patients or sex workers.

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DEVELOPMENT CENTRE FOR STREET CHILDREN, JAIPUR Education – primary school till 1st and secondary school till 8th vocational training computer usage (including MS office and the internet). English and interpersonal skills, beautician, tailoring. the course as divided into three levels - basic, elementary and advanced.

Locationvillage gusbethi, sahsola patti, block tavru, kmp expressway, Haryana

Figure 2.13

Approach- the site can only be accessed through road via nh248a, nh48 or kamla manesar-palwal express public amenities such as the hospital block were located near the road, while private blocks are available away from the buffer noisy roads.

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DEVELOPMENT CENTRE FOR STREET CHILDREN, JAIPUR SITE PLAN

Figure 2.14

View - A

View - C

View - B

View - D

Figure 2.15

15

DEVELOPMENT CENTRE FOR STREET CHILDREN, JAIPUR 1. Primary school plan

•

It includes Classrooms for Nursery to 1st standard.

•

It has typical two floors-Ground floor and First floor.

•

Ground floor-9 Classrooms, 1 Staffroom, 1 Toilet, 1 Store

•

First floor- 10 Classrooms, 1 Toilet

•

Entrance to the area leads to the +0.2 m plinth level. Plan is in the shape of an L, and classrooms along the ramp corridor are organized in an easy accessible corridor Block on the eastern side was created for subsequent courses but space is utilized as a room for the generator and for colder water.

Figure 2.16

16

DEVELOPMENT CENTRE FOR STREET CHILDREN, JAIPUR

Figure 2.17

17

DEVELOPMENT CENTRE FOR STREET CHILDREN, JAIPUR 2. Hospital plan It was designed for the villagers and resident students with all necessary furnishings and equipment, but not due to lack of therapists and doctors in the field.

While the area is periodically used for health camps, information programmes such as 'Educating girls and women in reproductive health and child health'

Figure 2.18

Figure 2.19

18

DEVELOPMENT CENTRE FOR STREET CHILDREN, JAIPUR 3.Secondary school plan It includes Classrooms for 2nd to 8th std Ground floor - 6 Classrooms, 1 Staffroom, 2Toilet, 1 Office

Figure 2.20

Figure 2.21

19

DEVELOPMENT CENTRE FOR STREET CHILDREN, JAIPUR 4.Boy’s dormitory It includes Dormitories and Vocational Training Dormitory capacity - 100 boys 10beds in each room - 10m X 6m Entrance Foyer leads to Reception which further connects to Continuous Corridor and Multipurpose courtyard used for seating and playing Ramp adjacent to courtyard leads to first floor which breaks the monotony.

Figure 2.22

20

DEVELOPMENT CENTRE FOR STREET CHILDREN, JAIPUR

Figure 2.23

5.Girl’s dormitory plan it is been used as Hostel block for girls Dormitory capacity - 100 Girls 8 beds in each room Entrance Foyer leads to Continuous Corridor and Multipurpose courtyard used for seating and playing.

Steps adjacent to courtyard leads to first floor which breaks the monotony

21

DEVELOPMENT CENTRE FOR STREET CHILDREN, JAIPUR

Figure 2.24

Figure 2.25

22

DEVELOPMENT CENTRE FOR STREET CHILDREN, JAIPUR 2.3 ROY MCMURTRY YOUTH CENTRE, CANADA Architects: Kleinfeldt Mychajlowycz Architects Area: 20438 m² Year: 2009

Figure 2.26

The facility provides educational, recreational, and rehabilitative activities aimed at reducing the probability of reoffending among young offenders while also holding them accountable for their acts.

The youth centre’s local community includes more than 300 staff employees, volunteers, family members, and guests.

The new youth centre’s innovative curriculum requires equally innovative architectural design and construction.

The youth justice Centre will provide a cutting-edge programme model that encourages rehabilitation, education, vocational services, and counselling based on best practices.

23

DEVELOPMENT CENTRE FOR STREET CHILDREN, JAIPUR The building is outfitted with a full complement of security and surveillance equipment, as well as IT infrastructure and communications systems.

The programme is designed to accommodate juvenile offenders, including boys and girls, ages 12 to 17 or older if convicted under the YCJA, with different risk levels and needs categories.

ABOUT SITE The location is an existing 40-hectare institutional campus surrounded by agricultural areas.

The surrounding neighbourhood is now single-family suburbia homes outside of Toronto's broader city. With the exception of two buildings that were retained and restored as part of the youth centre, the property was cleared of an existing women's jail.

Eight additional buildings have been constructed to the property to serve 192 young offenders, 32 boys and 32 girls, ages 12 to 17. The youth centre’s local community includes around 300 staff employees, volunteers, family members, and guests.

The Campus is surrounded by a public park with a culturalized landscape that includes a bio-swale, pond, mature trees, hundreds of young trees, and a new streetscape.

24

DEVELOPMENT CENTRE FOR STREET CHILDREN, JAIPUR

Figure 2.27

These are meant to foster a good attitude toward public use of regional suburban roadways. Both in terms of creating a healthy public awareness of the institution's values and inhabitants' sense of their role in society.

The guarded part of the property has a Campus morphology, reflecting the Centre's Education principles. The garden wall is defined by contiguous structures, infill board-formed concrete, masonry panels, and Corten steel panels. The proposal is a reversal of the current institutional setup. The famous freestanding prison wall dissolves into the façades of the buildings of the youth centre, defining the transition from public to private spaces.

Figure 2.28

25

DEVELOPMENT CENTRE FOR STREET CHILDREN, JAIPUR ADMIN BLOCK

Figure 2.29

ACADEMIC BLOCK

Figure 2.30

26

DEVELOPMENT CENTRE FOR STREET CHILDREN, JAIPUR HOSTEL BLOCKS

WORSHIP CENTRE

Figure 2.33

Figure 2.32

Figure 4.30

Figure 2.34

Figure 2.35

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DEVELOPMENT CENTRE FOR STREET CHILDREN, JAIPUR 2.4 THE ORPHAN, NETHERLANDS ARCHITECT: Van Eyck LOCATION: Amsterdam, Netherlands FUNCTION: residence for orphans or children from broken families CAPACITY: 125 youths (4-20 years old) 30-40 staff members.

PROJECT YEAR: 1955-60

Figure 2.36

SELECTION CRITERIA It's a residence project for orphans, as its design achieved privacy and served the needs of children in deferent ages girls and boys. Also, he connected zones with courtyard and corridors, but still have their own privacy

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DEVELOPMENT CENTRE FOR STREET CHILDREN, JAIPUR CONCEPT Using main geometrical shapes that kids play with, and connecting them with each other

GEOMETRY As the building consists of several shapes that do range in; scale & location. These shapes are useful as they come together to help & define spaces. Square shapes are like grid structure for the building which is enhanced by 90-degree angles of squares & rectangles. All shapes complement each other & help forming the concept of building's design.

Figure 2.37

Figure 2.38

Figure 2.39

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DEVELOPMENT CENTRE FOR STREET CHILDREN, JAIPUR MAIN ZONING GROUND FLOOR It's organized according to; people living there and orphans. The space is organized into. living & playing spaces, that are adjoins through circulation. PRIVACY is achieved in this project, also FLEXIBILITY

Figure 2.40

Figure 2.41

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DEVELOPMENT CENTRE FOR STREET CHILDREN, JAIPUR SPACES A. Girls room 14-18 B. Boys room 10-14 C. Children room 4-6 D. Girls room 10-14 E. Children room 2-4 F. Festival hall Figure 2.42

Figure 2.43

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DEVELOPMENT CENTRE FOR STREET CHILDREN, JAIPUR CIRCULATION Transition here between different spaces is articulated, through defining views or moments which allows for people to view the destination ahead of them, also the place from they came from, but at the same time he made sure not to make any location more important than other.

Circulation & Interaction is achieved here between different age groups in inviting kids to mix and enjoy the company of each other.

Figure 2.44

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DEVELOPMENT CENTRE FOR STREET CHILDREN, JAIPUR CASE STUDY - 5 MANAV GULZAR, AHMEDABAD Architect: Hiren patel Site Area: 1000 Sq. mt Built Up Area: 355 sq. mt.

Children strength: 300

Figure 2.45

The centre Manav Gulzar is a project that operates under the NGO Manav Sadhna.

Manav Gulzar is based out of the Ram Rahim Nagar in Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India.

Manav Gulzar has worked to build a strong relationship with the Ram Rahim community through the organization Ram aur Rahim Jhupdavasi Mandal, which is a trust that operates in Ram Rahim Nagar and is comprised of local residents.

Building a relationship with the Ram aur Rahim Jhupdavasi Mandal and its leaders was vital to Manav Gulzar being a sustainable program in the slum.

SITE DEVELOPMENT & CONTEXT: Manav Gulzar fosters lively community building, empowerment, and participation for women, along with diverse educational and social opportunities for young people and children.

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DEVELOPMENT CENTRE FOR STREET CHILDREN, JAIPUR PROGRAM AND ACTIVITIES : Income Generation Self Help Groups Supplementary Education Art and Culture Programs English Language Instruction Computer and Technology Instruction Celebration of Festivals and Religious Observances.

The center also has a library, computer learning center, and health clinic

ARCHITECTURAL DETAILS: Fenestrations There are two types of openings in the Centre: 1) Sliding windows 2) Pivoted windows with bamboo used as shuttering material.

3) Metal doors

MATERIALS USED: -Exposed Brick work -Waste glass -bottles -Bamboo -Corrugated sheets -Mild steel Figure 2.46

They believe in value- based education where we teach: values, hygiene, spirituality, culture, and social skills. We want the children and women that go through our program to come out with life skills in addition to education.

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DEVELOPMENT CENTRE FOR STREET CHILDREN, JAIPUR

Figure 2.47

ARCHITECTURAL EXPRESSION: The courtyard on the upper level is placed wide open in order to enjoy the view of Sabarmati river.

The vastness of the place is automatically increased up by the Side open beside the river.

Due to the presence of river the entire atmosphere is lively.

- Form is very simple with the central courtyard surrounded by the activities.

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DEVELOPMENT CENTRE FOR STREET CHILDREN, JAIPUR - all activities open in central courtyard.

- structure straight and according to the children.

Figure 2.48

INFERENCES

Figure 2.49

Exposed brick work suitable For the dry climate of ahm.is used.

Also at some places there are glass wall also constructed in order to beautify the area.

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DEVELOPMENT CENTRE FOR STREET CHILDREN, JAIPUR

The structure is simple Beam-column with the Exposed brick work.

In some area there are Corrugated sheets used for Roofing.

Figure 2.50

Figure 2.51

The location has both positive and negative approach, the slum are so much compact and the centre enjoys the endless view of river.

The centre is very simple in terms of plan:Class--- court---play area Due to the wideness of vie the place also feels huge and the children enjoys very much.

The open court system is part that holds together the classes on the upper level.

The upper level is much more active and experiencing compared to the lower level

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DEVELOPMENT CENTRE FOR STREET CHILDREN, JAIPUR

BYELAWS AND STANDARD

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DEVELOPMENT CENTRE FOR STREET CHILDREN, JAIPUR

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DEVELOPMENT CENTRE FOR STREET CHILDREN, JAIPUR

GROUND COVERAGE/ FAR EXEMPTIONS Garden, rockery, well, open waterproof, swimming pool and related constructions upto height of 2.1 m from road level.

Fire-escape staircase, tree platform, tank, fountain, bench, open platform or similar constructions.

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DEVELOPMENT CENTRE FOR STREET CHILDREN, JAIPUR Open ramp Balcony up to 1.2m or less than 1/3rd of setback, whichever is less.

For plot sizes above 500 sqm, 6.25 sqm guard room at all entrance gates.

Facilities such as transformer, generator room, pump room, electric panel room, switch room, PBX or HVAC installations, guard room, gas bank, swimming pool changing room, up to 7% of total FAR shall not be counted towards ground coverage and allowed in setback area.

Ramp in setback area for basement or other floors after leaving 3.6m from front boundary.

Underground water tank in setbacks.

HEIGHT LIMITATIONS AND EXEMPTIONS For plots on road width less than 12m, building height of 12m (without stilt) or 15m (with stilt) is permissible. For plots on road width more than 12m but less than 18m, building height equivalent to road width is permissible For plots on road width more than 18m but less than 30m, building height equivalent to 1.5 times road width is permissible.

For plots on road width more than 30m, building height equivalent to 1.5 times road width + front setback is permissible.

In case of basements and stilts used for parking, for plinth height upto 1.2m from road level and stilt beam bottom upto 2.8m from plinth level, the combined heights of basement and stilt shall be exempted from building 41

DEVELOPMENT CENTRE FOR STREET CHILDREN, JAIPUR Height If upper floors are used for parking, total of 6.2m height (excluding plinth) used for parking shall be exempted from building height. Exemptions in height: Water tank and related structure upto 3.0m height, water tank is constructed on mumty roof, then combined height of 5.0m, HVAC equipment, lift room, open staircase upto 3.0m height, lift machine room upto 7.75m height, architectural elements upto height of 4.5m and solar energy installations.

BASEMENTS - Basement is allowed after leaving required building setbacks on all sides, irrespective of building envelope.

- For plot sizes 1250 sqm or more, 2 basements are allowed with at least one used for parking.

-For plot sizes 2000 sqm or more, maximum 3 basements are allowed with atleast two used for parking.

- If basement is used for any purposes other than parking or services, its area shall be counted in FAR

GARAGE - For plots with 3.0m or more side setback, garage of maximum 20 sqm, to a maximum of 9m from back boundary is allowed.

- First floor above garage is permissible and the area of garage and 1st floor construction shall be counted towards ground coverage and FAR For plot size above 750 sqm, if FAR of more than 1.2 is proposed, garage in setback is not allowed.

ALLOWED PORCH - Porch on columns in setback is allowed in front setback if front setback is 6.0m or more and is allowed inside setback if side setback is 3.0m or more No construction allowed over porch.

- Normally only one porch per plot is allowed, however, in larger constructions 2 porches may be allowed by authority.

- Maximum porch area shall be 18 sqm and width 3.0m

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DEVELOPMENT CENTRE FOR STREET CHILDREN, JAIPUR ALLOWED BALCONY - For upto 6m setback, lesser of 1.2m or 1/3rd of setback depth of balcony is allowed.

- For more than 6m upto 12m setback, 1.5m balcony and for setback more than 12m, balcony of 1.8m is allowed

ALLOWED PROJECTION - Chajja upto 0.6m width but less than 1/3rd of setback and minimum height of 2.1m from floor level - Staircase landing up to In width but less than 1/3rd of setback and minimum height of 2.4m from floor which can be covered by jaali or grill.

This is exempted from ground coverage and FAR - Almirah for each habitable room of 2.0m length x 0.6m width and minimum 3.5 m height from plinth level

Parking: For plots bigger than 500 sqm, for every 150 sqm of FAR area one car shall be provisioned

PARKING FACILITIES - No parking facility compulsory for less than 500 Sqm plot.

- 1 ECU per 150 sqm. FAR. For more than 500 sqm. Residential project.

For theatre - 1 ECU per 10 seats. For commercial 1 ECU per 50Sqm FAR - 1 ECU = 23sqm in open area - 1 ECU= 28sqm in ground level parking.

- 1ECU 32sqm in Basement parking 75% of total ECU is reserved for car, 20% two wheelers and 5% for Bicycle - 25% extra parking provision for Guests.

- Car 2.5m x 5m Two-wheeler 1m x 2m, Bicycle 0.5mx2m

• Area of plot more than 2500 sqm • Ground coverage - 40% • Setbacks - Front 12m / side 9m / back 9m • Maximum height of the building - 1.5 x road in front + front setback •

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DEVELOPMENT CENTRE FOR STREET CHILDREN, JAIPUR Parking Minimum space for parking shall be provided at the rate of 1 car unit for every 115 sqmt, of built-up area.

• Open space requirements Public buildings light /air/ parking facilities to be provided. All rooms should have interior or exterior open space. In case of interior open spaces, roof/weather shade more than 0.75 wide shall overhang on these open spaces.

•Landscaping: At least 50% of the open area/Plantation/ Green Cover (unbuilt) to be landscaped.

• Water supply and sanitary requirements Assuming 5sqm floor area / person sanitary services need to be determined. Water heating by solar panels is compulsory in these buildings.

Community center, hostel, hotels, and guest house, hospital and nursing homes Solar energy plant should have a capacity 251./ person for bathing and 10L /person for kitchen services.

Water tanks Every plot having more than 300 sqm area has compulsory to give a water storage tank.

Water closets 1WC/ 10 beds, 1 bath/6 beds, 1 basin/ 3 be

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DEVELOPMENT CENTRE FOR STREET CHILDREN, JAIPUR

CHAPTER – 3 SITE ANALYSIS

DEVELOPMENT CENTRE FOR STREET CHILDREN, JAIPUR PROJECT AND SITE This project is proposed by the VATSALYA FOUNDATION" a charitable trust registered in Udaipur.

Village Ramchandra Pura scheme, Tehsil- Sanganer, Main road, Zone-9, plot no. 25,26,27,28,29,30,31, Measuring total area approximately - 28000 SqMt in Jaipur, Rajasthan.

The land allotment is approved by the Jaipur Development Authority.

Figure 3.1

Figure 3.2

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DEVELOPMENT CENTRE FOR STREET CHILDREN, JAIPUR

Figure 3.4

Land use map - jaipur 2025

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DEVELOPMENT CENTRE FOR STREET CHILDREN, JAIPUR

APPROACH ROAD AND ENTRY/EXIT: -The approach road to the site is north-east direction.

-The width of the approach road is 90m WIDE. -This road is further connected to MAHAL ROAD on East side.

-There will be 2 entry exits to the site from 18 m wide approach road.

Figure 3.1

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DEVELOPMENT CENTRE FOR STREET CHILDREN, JAIPUR

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DEVELOPMENT CENTRE FOR STREET CHILDREN, JAIPUR SWOT ANALYSIS OF THE SITE STRENGTH - As it is located adjacent to main mahal road and near to NH52 and NH248.

- Its easily accessible from railway stations and airport.

- Existing vegetation on the site.

WEAKNESS - Climatic condition since site lies in hot and dry climatic zone.

OPPORTUNITY - Opportunity to design a good building taking advantage of existing vegetation and climatic condition.

- To make use of local materials for sustainability development.

THREAT -Climatic condition if not considered properly while designing building can be harmful for the users.

CLIMATIC DATA OF JAIPUR

Figure 3.7

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DEVELOPMENT CENTRE FOR STREET CHILDREN, JAIPUR

- Site comes under composite climatic zone.

- Hot winds blow during the day in summers and sand storms are also experienced.

- A generally clear sky with high solar radiation causing an uncomfortable glare, is typical of this zone.

- Considering climatic condition, it becomes necessary to control solar radiation and movement of hot winds.

- The ground and surrounding objects emit lot of heat in afternoons and evenings. The design criteria should therefore aim at resisting heat gain by appropriate design features.

Figure 3.8

With an average of 33.6 °C | 92.4 °F, May is the warmest month. January is the coldest month, with temperatures averaging 14.6 °C | 58.3 °F. The maximum temperature once varied from 49 °C in summer to 1 °C in winter.

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DEVELOPMENT CENTRE FOR STREET CHILDREN, JAIPUR

The driest month is December.

There is 3 mm | 0.1 inch of precipitation in December. Most of the precipitation here falls in July, averaging 178 mm | 7.0 inch.

ACCESSIBILITY TO FACILITIES LIKE -

Railway Station - 20KM

National Highway 248 - 12KM

Bus stand - 20.5KM

Airport - 11.5KM 52

DEVELOPMENT CENTRE FOR STREET CHILDREN, JAIPUR

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DEVELOPMENT CENTRE FOR STREET CHILDREN, JAIPUR AREA PROGRAM

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DEVELOPMENT CENTRE FOR STREET CHILDREN, JAIPUR

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DEVELOPMENT CENTRE FOR STREET CHILDREN, JAIPUR

CHAPTER – 4 ARCHITECTURAL DESIGN

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DEVELOPMENT CENTRE FOR STREET CHILDREN, JAIPUR CONCEPT - To provide easy circulation for teachers, student and visitors in center.

- Use of landscape in between blocks to create buffer space between them for recreational area and also for noise reduction & less visuals to each other places.

- To provide direct view of the centre to the road.

USE OF COURTYARD IN SITE In a warm climate, a courtyard can bring down the building’s temperature, saving on energy bills. several courtyards also include natural cooling elements as a part of their design like a fountain, a basin, an artificial waterfall, thick external walls and double-glazed windows.

Figure 4.1

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DEVELOPMENT CENTRE FOR STREET CHILDREN, JAIPUR

USE OF WATER BODY water fountains are the basic water feature in landscaping which enhances the landscape part and makes it feel refreshing. it is generally located at the center of an area making it look pleasing from all around. light effects are also given so that they can increase night beauty.

Figure 4.2

Figure 4.3

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DEVELOPMENT CENTRE FOR STREET CHILDREN, JAIPUR ZONING PLAN

Figure 4.4

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DEVELOPMENT CENTRE FOR STREET CHILDREN, JAIPUR

PROGRAMME ANALYSIS PROGRAMME FLOW CHART

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DEVELOPMENT CENTRE FOR STREET CHILDREN, JAIPUR GROUND FLOOR PLAN

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DEVELOPMENT CENTRE FOR STREET CHILDREN, JAIPUR

FIRST FLOOR PLAN

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DEVELOPMENT CENTRE FOR STREET CHILDREN, JAIPUR BUILDING BLOCKS FLOOR PLANS

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DEVELOPMENT CENTRE FOR STREET CHILDREN, JAIPUR ELEVATIONS

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DEVELOPMENT CENTRE FOR STREET CHILDREN, JAIPUR SECTIONS

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DEVELOPMENT CENTRE FOR STREET CHILDREN, JAIPUR ROOF PLAN

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DEVELOPMENT CENTRE FOR STREET CHILDREN, JAIPUR RENDERS

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DEVELOPMENT CENTRE FOR STREET CHILDREN, JAIPUR

CHAPTER – 5 DESIGN ELECTIVE – LANDSCAPE DESIGN

DEVELOPMENT CENTRE FOR STREET CHILDREN, JAIPUR INTRODUCTION: The term 'STREET CHILDREN' generally refers to children living on the street without family ABOUT care and protection.

A rehabilitation center is a facility that helps individuals recover from physical, mental or psychological disorders alongside other ailments.

Rehabilitation centres may offer shelter as part of the therapy, which may be temporary or permanent.

AIM: - This thesis is aimed at understanding and integrating the built environment with the requirements of Street Children.

- The proposal is to design a center for them so as to create an enabling environment comprising of learning space, rehabilitation and accommodation. Architectural spatial planning and design goes beyond superficial aesthetics appeal and affects the users psychologically, addressing their needs and design accommodation based on their behavioural, cultural and social aspects.

CRITERIA OF SELECTION Development center bring changes to people's mindset and their level of intellectuality. Landscape could also reduce the temperature of the environment surrounding the building. An attractive landscape plays an important part plays a significant role in reducing emotional pressure among students. And also project demands the landscape design for the outdoor formal and informal areas for the interaction.

OBJECTIVES: - To study the urban and micro landscape of the city (Jaipur).

- To study the outdoor interactive spaces that promotes the interactions.

- To study various open and semi open spaces.

- To increase people's quality of life by creating memories connected with areas via lived the experience landscape and designing a safe and engaging outdoor environment.

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DEVELOPMENT CENTRE FOR STREET CHILDREN, JAIPUR METHODOLOGY

THEORIES AND CONCEPTS 1. Biophilia The social psychologist Erich Fromm coined the term biophilia, which he defined as "the passionate love of life and all that is alive" and "love for humanity and nature". Humans have a deeply ingrained love of nature which is an intuitive and natural drive imprinted into our DNA Biophilic design, an extension of biophilia, Incorporates natural materials, natural light, vegetation, nature views and other experiences of the natural world into the modern built environment.

2.Prospect-refuge theory Geographer Jay Appleton 's theory of environmental aesthetics-most often referred to as "prospect-refuge theory is based on an adoptiveevolutionary perspective. Humans intuitively avoid environments, things, and situations (hazards) that appear to threaten survival. Thus the ability to see with a clear view (prospect) from a safe vantage point without being seen (refuge) and without potential danger (hazard) is most comfortable, 70

DEVELOPMENT CENTRE FOR STREET CHILDREN, JAIPUR and thus most preferred. It is notable that people who are lor fatigued prefer a higher percentage of refuge, in terms of healthcare garden design, this theory points to the need for plentiful settings where a person can feel secure, with ample protection at his or her back and a clear view forward.

HEALING GARDENS A Therapeutic Garden is an outdoor garden space that has been specifically designed to meet the physical, psychological, social and spiritual needs of the people.

-For a students, visitor, or member of staff, spending long hours in a building can be a stressful experience.

-Nearby access to natural landscape or a garden can enhance people's ability to deal with stress and thus potentially improve health outcomes.

History -"The idea of a healing garden is both ancient and modern"(Cooper Marcus & Barnes, 1999).

Historically, people have always used nature as a powerful healing source and as a resource for recovery (Cooper Marcus and Barnes 1999).

-Persian garden, the Japanese Zen garden and the Monastic Cloister gardens are some of examples of a healing environment which appeared throughout history in different parts of the world.

The Greeks created healing temples for their gods.

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DEVELOPMENT CENTRE FOR STREET CHILDREN, JAIPUR Types of Therapeutic Gardens - Alzheimer's Gardens: adult day care programs and dementia residences - Healing Gardens: acute care hospitals, skilled nursing facilities and other healthcare facilities - Rehabilitation Gardens: rehabilitation hospitals - Restorative Gardens: psychiatric hospitals - Senior Community Gardens: assisted living, continuing care retirement communities and other senior living residences - Cancer Gardens: chemotherapy facilities - Enabling Gardens: vocational schools, arboretum - Meditation Gardens: religious institutions and other faith-based settings

Natural elements -Familiar plantings -Plants that attract birds and butterflies -Ornamental plants -Non-toxic and non-injurious plantings -Annuals -Soil -Sunlight and natural shade -Wind -Precipitation

Constructed garden elements -Patio -Paved walking -Seating -Landscape lighting -Raised beds -Shade -Water features -Electrical outdoor outlet; for music and related activities

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DEVELOPMENT CENTRE FOR STREET CHILDREN, JAIPUR LANDSCAPE DESIGN

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DEVELOPMENT CENTRE FOR STREET CHILDREN, JAIPUR

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DEVELOPMENT CENTRE FOR STREET CHILDREN, JAIPUR TYPES OF PLANTS

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DEVELOPMENT CENTRE FOR STREET CHILDREN, JAIPUR

CHAPTER – 6 TECHNOLOGY ELECTIVE – PLUMBING DESIGN

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DEVELOPMENT CENTRE FOR STREET CHILDREN, JAIPUR INTRODUCTION: A rehabilitation center is a facility that helps individuals recover from physical, mental or psychological disorders alongside other ailments.

Rehabilitation centres may offer shelter as part of the therapy, which may be temporary or permanent.

Providing healing spaces is a necessity in such kind of project. healing spaces includes various kind of water features as water has significant importance in providing healing effect to the users. Also, water is essential in educational buildings as it serves several purposes, such as: drinking, cleaning, and construction work.

Educational Institutions use large quantity of water daily, whereas they need water in many areas within and outside the Institution such as: the heating and cooling systems, toilets, drinking and taps, cafeteria, laboratories, Vocational Training. outdoor playing areas, landscaping.

CRITERIA OF SELECTION - Plumbing systems are an essential component of every building. It is a vital aspect that helps in the operation of a space. It focuses on all waterrelated services, such as water supply and discharge. It also covers sewage disposal and storm water management to ensure that water is used efficiently.

- The project focuses on using water as a healing element, supplying water to bathing areas, toilets, kitchens, and drinking, fountains,& also learn the installation of pipes, fixture and different other services related to plumbing so that it can help in conservation of water.

- Water is a vital component of landscape areas such as fountains, water jets,farming and channels.

- The site is located in an area with 600-700mm average rainfall during monsoon, so management of the rainwater is also essential.

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DEVELOPMENT CENTRE FOR STREET CHILDREN, JAIPUR AIM: Studying various plumbing systems and their requirements in a institute campus and applying strategies to manage rainwater on the site.

The aim of the project is to cater the need of water in the development centre. This is done by utilizing the surface and rain water by designing a roof top rain water Harvesting system to decrease the pressure on municipal supply.

-This project will not only be helpful to fulfill the need of water to the centre but also to increase the groundwater levels and reduce the depletion of reservoirs.

OBJECTIVES: 1.To study and understand the plumbing codes and standards that are accessible in order to design plumbing systems for the building and fulfil the users' water demands.

2.To identify the spaces and develop an area programme for the plumbing systems that will be installed to ensure the building's effective operation.

3.To study the plumbing services needed on site for the water components.

4.To design a suitable roof top rainwater harvesting system system for the centre.

5.Using building drawings, site plans, and sections, to detail the operation of plumbing systems.

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DEVELOPMENT CENTRE FOR STREET CHILDREN, JAIPUR METHODOLOGY

SCOPE OF WORK: It integrates plumbing systems, water demand and consumption calculation and other plumbing services in the following spaces: Outdoor Landscape- Fountains, Water Jets and farming.

Interior Spaces- Accommodation Rooms, Ablution Areas, multipurpose hall, Education Center as well as the Auditorium.

The study includes the sizes of tanks required to fulfil the water demand of the project and various technologies that can be adopted to enhance water quality and ensure efficient utilization of water.

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DEVELOPMENT CENTRE FOR STREET CHILDREN, JAIPUR 6.7 SELECTION OF PLUMBING SYSTEM 1.WATER SUPPLY SYSTEM- (HYDROPNEUMATIC PUMP SYSTEM) 1.1 WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS There are following four basic methods of distribution of water to a multistoreyed buildings: a) Direct supply system from mains- public or private. b) Gravity distribution system. c) Pressurized distribution system (Hydropneumatics pumping system). d) Combined distribution system

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DEVELOPMENT CENTRE FOR STREET CHILDREN, JAIPUR

Hydropneumatics system generally eliminates the need of an overhead tank. To take care of emergencies, an overhead of smaller capacity should be provided which feeds by gravity.

With this arrangement, the same pump is able to deliver water at required pressure and flow as required at different times of the day. The system consumes energy in proportion to the work done.

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DEVELOPMENT CENTRE FOR STREET CHILDREN, JAIPUR 2.SEWAGE DRAINAGE SYSTEM

The plumbing systems which are majorly used are one pipe system and two pipe system. The system used in the project is a Two Pipe System, wherein the soil waste and waste water are disposed off in separate pipes running through a shaft.

3.RAIN WATER HARVESTING Since the site experiences high rainfall especially during the monsoon season, it is essential to harvest the rainwater and use it for other purposes like watering the landscape area or using the water for other landscape elements like the water channels, jets and fountains. Some amount of the rainwater will be diverted to the ground with respect to the groundwater recharge.

Need for RWH -To meet the ever increasing demand for water -To reduce the runoff which chokes storm water drains -To augment ground water storage -To reduce the soil erosion

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DEVELOPMENT CENTRE FOR STREET CHILDREN, JAIPUR -To supplement domestic water requirement during crisis -To improve the quality of ground water

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DEVELOPMENT CENTRE FOR STREET CHILDREN, JAIPUR 4. SEWAGE TREATMENT PLANT Providing a sewage treatment plant is essential as the treated water from the sewage treatment plant can be further used for other purposes on the site, keeping an efficient use of water

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DEVELOPMENT CENTRE FOR STREET CHILDREN, JAIPUR WATER DEMAND TOTAL WATER CONSUMPTIION IN INSTITUTE -

WITH BOARDING FACILITIES – 45PER HEAD/DAY IN LITERS

-

WITH BOARDING FACILITIES – 135PER HEAD/DAY IN LITRES

CALCULATION OF WATER DEMAND FOR INSTITUTE 1. ACADEMIC BLOCK OF 500 CAPACITIY (TANK SIZE = 5 X 3 X 1.5) 500 X 45 =22500 2. FOR STAFF HOUSING OF 60 CAPACITY (TANK SIZE = 2 X 3 X 1.5) 60 X 135 =8100 3. FOR HOSTEL (BOYS AND GIRLS) BLOCK OF 200 CAPACITY (TANK SIZE = 4 X 3 X 1.5) BOYS – 120 X 135 = 16200 GIRLS – 80 X 135 = 10800 4. FOR AUDITORIUM OF 500 CAPACITY (TANK SIZE = 5 X 3 X 1.5) 500 X 45 =22500 5. FOR MULTIPURPOSE HALL OF 500 CAPACITY (TANK SIZE = 5 X 3 X 1.5) 500 X 45 =22500 85

DEVELOPMENT CENTRE FOR STREET CHILDREN, JAIPUR 6. FOR HOSPITAL BLOCK OF 15 CAPACITY (TANK SIZE = 2 X 2.5X 1.5) 15 X 135 = 2025 7. FOR RECREATIONAL BLOCK OF 20 CAPACITY (TANK SIZE = 2 X 2.5 X 1.5) 20 X 45 =900 8. FOR ADMINISTRATION BLOCK OF 30 CAPACITY (TANK SIZE = 2 X 2.5 X 1.5) 30 X 45 1350

TOTAL WATER REQUIRED PER DAY IN LITRES 16200+10800+8100+22500+22500+22500+1350+900+2025 = 106875 LITRE/DAY FOR THE SWIMMING POOL AREA SIZE – 12 X 8 X 1.8M = 183600 LITRE WATER REQUIRED

FOR UNDERGROUND WATER TANK CALCULATION WATER REQUIRED = 107000LITRE/DAY TANK SIZE = 3 X 5 X 4 = 60000 LITRES FOR 2 WATER TANK = 60000 X 2 = 120000 LITRES

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DEVELOPMENT CENTRE FOR STREET CHILDREN, JAIPUR FOR LANDSCAPE AREA FOR FARMING = 2000 SQM FOR LANDSCAPE = 810+1900+150+140+520+500+1100+280 =5400 SQM TOTAL AREA = 2000 + 5400 = 7400 TOTAL WATER REQUIRED = 7400 X 5 = 37000 LITRE/DAY

FOR RAINWATER HARVESTING STRUCTURE FORMULA = MEAN ANNUAL RAINFALL IN MM X AREA IN M*2 X RUNOFF FACTOR

RAIN WATER COLLECTION FROM ROOF FROM HOSTELS = 37 X 13 X 450 X 0.9 = 194805 = 194805 X 2 = 389610 FROM RESIDENCE = 23 X 19 X 450 X 0.9 = 176985

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DEVELOPMENT CENTRE FOR STREET CHILDREN, JAIPUR Drainage plan

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DEVELOPMENT CENTRE FOR STREET CHILDREN, JAIPUR DETAILS

TOILET LAYOUT HOSTEL BLOCK

KITCHEN LAYOUT HOSTEL BLOCK

TOILET LAYOUT ACADEMIC BLOCK 89

DEVELOPMENT CENTRE FOR STREET CHILDREN, JAIPUR

WATER SUPPLY AND DISTRIBUTION

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GLOSSARY OF TERMS Psychological distress - It is a state of emotional suffering associated with stressors and demands that are difficult to cope with in daily life. The lack of effective care for and difficulty in identifying psychological dis- tress is frustrating for patients and health professionals alike.

Waterborne diseases - these are the illnesses caused by microscopic organisms, like viruses and bacteria, that are Ingested through contaminated water or by coming in contact with feces.

Rehabilitation - Rehabilitation is care that can help you get back, keep, or improve abilities that you need for daily life. These abilities may be physical, mental, and/or cognitive (thinking and learning).

BIBLIOGRAPHY Bal, B., Mitra, R., Mallick, A.H., Chakraborti, S. and Sarkar, K., 2010. Nontobacco substance use, sexual abuse, HIV, and sexually transmitted infection among street children in Kolkata, India. Substance use & misuse, 45(10), pp.1668-1682.

Ministry of Statistics and Programme Implementation. (2012). Children in India 2012 – A statistical appraisal. New Delhi, India: Government of India. Retrieved from http://mospi.nic.in/sites/default/files/publication_reports/Children_in_India_2012rev.pdf