18/12/2017
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ﺍﻟﻠﻐﺔ ﻫﻭﻳﺔ ﺍﻟﺷﻌﻭﺏ ﻭﻳﻧﺎﺑﻳﻊ ﺍﻟﻣﻌﺭﻓﺔ ﺍﻹﺛﻨﻴﻦ18 ,ﺩﻳﺴﻤﺒﺮ2017
ﺻﻨﻌﺎء ﻧﻴﻮﺯ /ﻛﺘﺐ /ﻋﺒﺪﷲ ﻧﺎﺻﺮ ﺑﺠﻨﻒ ﻓﻲ ﺃﻛﺘﻮﺑﺮ ﻋﺎﻡ 2012 ﻗﺮﺭﺕ ﺍﻟﻴﻮﻧﺴﻜﻮ ﻳﻮﻡ 18 ﺩﻳﺴﻤﺒﺮ ﻣﻦ ﻛﻞ ﻋﺎﻡ ﺑﺎﻋﺘﺒﺎﺭﻩ ﻳﻮﻣﺎً ﻋﺎﻟﻤﻴﺎً ﻟﻠﻐﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﺗﻌﺪ ﻣﻦ ﺃﻗﺪﻡ ﺍﻟﻠﻐﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺴﺎﻣﻴﺔ ﻭﺃﺣﺪﻯ ﺃﻛﺜﺮ ﺍﻟﻠﻐﺎﺕ ﺍﻧﺘﺸﺎﺭﺍ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻡ ﻳﺘﺤﺪﺙ ﺑﻬﺎ ﺃﻛﺜﺮ ﻣﻦ 422 ﻣﻠﻴﻮﻥ ﻧﺴﻤﺔ , ﺗﺤﺘﻞ ﻣﻜﺎﻧﺔ ﻣﺘﻤﻴﺰﺓ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻹﻧﺘﺮﻧﺖ ﻣﻦ ﺣﻴﺚ ﺍﻻﺳﺘﺨﺪﺍﻡ , ﻓﻲ ﻣﻘﺮ ﺍﻟﺒﻴﺖ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻲ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﺻﻤﺔ ﺍﻷﺳﺒﺎﻧﻴﺔ ﻣﺪﺭﻳﺪ ﻭﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﺗﻢ ﺍﻓﺘﺘﺎﺣﻪ ﻓﻲ 7 ﻳﻮﻟﻴﻮ ﻋﺎﻡ 2008 ﺍﻗﻴﻤﺖ ﻣﺤﺎﺿﺮﺓ ﻋﻦ ﻭﺍﻗﻊ ﺍﻟﻠﻐﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ , ﻓﻲ ﻅﻞ ﺍﻻﻧﺘﺸﺎﺭ ﺍﻟﻮﺍﺳﻊ ﻟﺘﻘﻨﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﻌﻠﻮﻣﺎﺕ ﻭﺍﻻﺗﺼﺎﻻﺕ ﺗﻌﺮﺿﺖ ﺍﻟﻜﺜﻴﺮ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻠﻐﺎﺕ ﻣﻦ ﺑﻴﻨﻬﺎ ﺍﻟﻠﻐﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻰ ﺳﻮء ﺍﻻﺳﺘﺨﺪﺍﻡ ﻭﺗﻢ ﺗﺠﺎﻭﺯ ﻗﻮﺍﻋﺪﻫﺎ ﻟﻔﻈﺎ ﻭﻛﺘﺎﺑﺔ , ﻛﻞ ﻟﻠﻐﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺤﻴﻪ ﻟﻬﺎ ﺃﻫﻤﻴﺔ ﻓﻌﻠﻴﺔ ﺃﻭ ﻋﺎﻁﻔﻴﺔ ﻭﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺨﻄﺎء ﺍﻥ ﻧﻀﻌﻬﺎ ﻓﻲ ﺧﺎﻧﺎﺕ ﺿﻴﻘﺔ ﻭﺗﺼﻨﻴﻔﻴﺔ ﺑﺎﻥ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﻟﻠﻐﺔ ﺃﻓﻀﻞ ﻣﻦ ﺗﻠﻚ ﺍﻟﻠﻐﺔ ,ﺗﻮﺟﺪ ﺃﻛﺎﺩﻳﻤﻴﺎﺕ ﻣﻬﻤﺘﻬﺎ ﺍﻟﻤﺤﺎﻓﻈﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻧﻘﺎﻭﺓ ﺍﻟﻠﻐﺔ ﻭﺣﻤﺎﻳﺘﻬﺎ ﻭﻭﺿﻊ ﺍﻟﻘﻮﺍﻋﺪ ﻭﺍﻷﺳﺲ ﻓﻲ ﺍﺳﺘﺨﺪﺍﻣﻬﺎ ﺍﻟﺴﻠﻴﻢ, ﺍﻷﻛﺎﺩﻳﻤﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﻠﻜﻴﺔ ﻟﻠﻐﺔ ﺍﻷﺳﺒﺎﻧﻴﺔ ﻭﻣﻘﺮﻫﺎ ﻣﺪﺭﻳﺪ ﺗﺄﺳﺴﺖ ﻓﻲ ﻋﺎﻡ 1713ﻭﺗﻀﻢ ﻓﻲ ﻋﻀﻮﻳﺘﻬﺎ ﺃﺭﺑﻌﺔ ﻭﻋﺸﺮﻭﻥ ﺃﻛﺎﺩﻳﻤﻴﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺩﻭﻝ ﺃﻣﺮﻳﻜﺎ ﺍﻹﺳﺒﺎﻧﻴﺔ ﻭﻟﻐﺘﻬﻢ ﺍﻟﺮﺳﻤﻴﺔ ﻫﻲ ﺍﻷﺳﺒﺎﻧﻴﺔ ﺍﻣﺎ ﺍﻟﺘﺴﻤﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﺤﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﺑﺪﻭﻝ ﺃﻣﺮﻳﻜﺎ ﺍﻟﻼﺗﻴﻨﻴﺔ ﻓﻘﺪ ﻅﻬﺮ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻘﺮﻥ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﺳﻊ ﻋﺸﺮ ﻓﻲ ﻓﺮﻧﺴﺎ ﺍﺛﻨﺎء ﺣﻜﻢ ﻧﺎﺑﻠﻴﻮﻥ ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻟﺚ ﺑﻌﺪ ﺍﻧﻬﻴﺎﺭ ﻭﺗﻔﻜﻚ ﺍﻹﻣﺒﺮﺍﻁﻮﺭﻳﺔ ﺍﻹﺳﺒﺎﻧﻴﺔ ﺍﻣﺎ ﺗﺴﻤﻴﺔ ﺇﻳﺒﺮﻭ ﺃﻣﺮﻳﻜﺎ ﻓﻬﻲ ﺗﺠﻤﻊ ﺗﻀﻢ ﺟﻤﻴﻊ ﺩﻭﻝ ﺃﻣﺮﻳﻜﺎ ﺍﻟﻼﺗﻴﻨﻴﺔ ﺑﺎﻻﺿﺎﻓﺔ ﺍﻟﻰ ﺇﺳﺒﺎﻧﻴﺎ ﻭﺍﻟﺒﺮﺗﻐﺎﻝ ﻭﻟﻐﺘﻬﻢ ﺍﻟﺮﺳﻤﻴﺔ ﺍﻹﺳﺒﺎﻧﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﺒﺮﺗﻐﺎﻟﻴﺔ.ﺍﻣﺎ ﻣﺠﻤﻊ ﺍﻟﻠﻐﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ ﺗﺄﺳﺲ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻘﺎﻫﺮﺓ ﻓﻲ 13 ﺩﻳﺴﻤﺒﺮ 1932 ﻭﻣﻦ ﺃﺑﺮﺯ ﺃﻫﺪﺍﻓﻪ ﺍﻟﻤﺤﺎﻓﻈﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺳﻼﻣﺔ ﺍﻟﻠﻐﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ ﻭﻋﻤﻞ ﺍﻟﻤﻌﺎﺟﻢ ﺍﻟﻠﻐﻮﻳﺔ ﻭﻓﻲ ﻋﺎﻡ 1971ﺗﻢ ﺗﺄﺳﻴﺲ ﺍﺗﺤﺎﺩ ﺍﻟﻤﺠﺎﻣﻊ ﺍﻟﻠﻐﻮﻳﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﻠﻤﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ ﺿﻤﺖ ﻓﻲ ﻋﻀﻮﻳﺘﻬﺎ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺒﺪﺍﻳﺔ ﻣﺠﻤﻌﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻠﻐﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻘﺎﻫﺮﺓ ﻭﺩﻣﺸﻖ ﻭﺑﻐﺪﺍﺩ .ﺍﻟﻠﻐﺔ ﻫﻲ ﻣﺮﺍﺩﻓﺔ ﻟﻬﻮﻳﺔ ﺍﻟﺸﻌﻮﺏ ﻭﺃﺳﻠﻮﺏ ﺍﻧﺪﻣﺎﺟﻬﺎ ﻓﻲ ﻣﺤﻴﻄﻬﺎ ﺍﻹﻗﻠﻴﻤﻲ ﻭﺍﻟﺪﻭﻟﻲ, ﺍﻟﻠﻐﺎﺕ ﻣﺜﻞ ﺍﻟﺤﻀﺎﺭﺍﺕ ﻭﺍﻹﻣﺒﺮﺍﻁﻮﺭﻳﺎﺕ , ﻓﻲ ﻟﺤﻈﺎﺕ ﺗﺎﺭﻳﺨﻴﺔ ﺗﺴﺠﻞ ﺣﻀﻮﺭﺍ ﻗﻮﻳﺎ ﻭﻓﻲ ﻧﻔﺲ ﺍﻟﻮﻗﺖ ﺗﻨﺪﺛﺮ ﻭﻫﺬﺍ ﻣﺎ ﺣﺼﻞ ﻟﻠﻐﺔ ﺍﻟﻼﺗﻴﻨﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﻛﺎﻧﺖ ﻟﻐﺔ ﺭﻭﻣﺎ ﺍﻟﻘﺪﻳﻤﺔ ﻭﺍﻧﺘﺸﺮﺕ ﺑﺸﻜﻞ ﻭﺍﺳﻊ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻘﺮﻭﻥ ﺍﻟﻮﺳﻄﻰ ﻭﺗﺤﻮﻟﺖ ﺍﻟﻰ ﻟﻐﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﻠﻢ ﻭﺍﻟﺪﺭﺍﺳﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻌﺎﻣﻼﺕ ﺍﻟﺪﻭﻟﻴﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺃﻭﺭﻭﺑﺎ ﺍﻟﻮﺳﻄﻰ ﻭﺍﻟﻐﺮﺑﻴﺔ ﺣﺘﻰ ﺍﻟﻘﺮﻥ ﺍﻟﺴﺎﺑﻊ ﻋﺸﺮ ﻣﻴﻼﺩﻱ ﻭﺣﻠﺖ ﻣﺤﻠﻬﺎ ﺍﻟﻠﻐﺔ ﺍﻟﻔﺮﻧﺴﻴﺔ ﺛﻢ ﺍﻹﻧﺠﻠﻴﺰﻳﺔ ,ﺍﻣﺎ ﺍﻟﻠﻐﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ ﻓﻘﺪ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﺕ ﺑﺸﻜﻞ ﻣﺘﺒﺎﺩﻝ ﻣﻊ ﺍﻟﻠﻐﺎﺕ ﺍﻹﻏﺮﻳﻘﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﻼﺗﻴﻨﻴﺔ ﻭﺧﺎﺻﺔ ﺑﻌﺪ ﺍﻧﺘﺸﺎﺭ ﺣﺮﻛﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﺟﻤﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺒﺪﺍﻳﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻌﺼﺮ ﺍﻷﻣﻮﻱ ﻭﺑﻌﺪﻫﺎ ﺗﻮﺳﻌﺖ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻌﺼﺮ ﺍﻟﻌﺒﺎﺳﻲ ,ﺍﻟﻠﻐﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ ﺻﻤﺪﺕ ﺍﻣﺎﻡ ﺍﻟﻌﻮﺍﺻﻒ ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻐﻴﻴﺮﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﻠﻐﻮﻳﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﺜﻘﺎﻓﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﻻﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﻔﻜﺮﻳﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻣﺪﻯ ﺍﻟﻌﺼﻮﺭ ﻭﻫﻲ ﺃﻛﺜﺮ ﻗﻮﺓ ﻭﻣﺘﺎﻧﺔ , ﺍﻟﻠﻐﺔ ﺍﻻﺳﺒﺎﻧﻴﺔ ﺗﺄﺛﺮﺕ ﺑﺎﻟﻠﻐﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ ﺣﻴﺚ ﻣﺎﺯﺍﻟﺖ ﻛﻠﻤﺎﺕ ﻋﺮﺑﻴﺔ ﻛﺜﻴﺮﺓ ﻣﺪﻭﻧﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻘﺎﻣﻮﺱ ﺍﻹﺳﺒﺎﻧﻲ ﻭﺍﻟﺒﻌﺾ ﻣﻨﻬﺎ ﻣﺎﺯﺍﻟﺖ ﺗﺴﺘﺨﺪﻡ ﺍﻟﻰ ﺍﻟﻴﻮﻡ ﻭﻫﻲ ﻧﺘﺎﺝ ﻟﻠﺘﻮﺍﺟﺪ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻲ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻷﻧﺪﻟﺲ ﻟﻌﺪﺓ ﻗﺮﻭﻥ , ﻟﻬﺬﺍ ﻳﺘﻮﺟﺐ ﻋﻠﻴﻨﺎ ﺍﻟﻤﺤﺎﻓﻈﺔ ﻭﺗﻜﺮﻳﺲ ﺟﻬﻮﺩﻧﺎ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺪﺭﺍﺳﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻌﻤﻖ ﻓﻲ ﺧﻔﺎﻳﺎ ﺍﻟﻠﻐﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ ﺑﺎﻋﺘﺒﺎﺭﻫﺎ ﺃﺳﺎﺱ ﺗﻮﺍﺻﻠﻨﺎ ﻭﺗﻌﺎﻣﻠﻨﺎ ﻓﻲ ﻣﺠﺘﻤﻌﻨﺎ ﻛﻤﺎ ﺍﻥ ﺩﺭﺍﺳﺔ ﻭﺇﺟﺎﺩﺓ ﻟﻐﺎﺕ ﺃﺧﺮﻯ ﻫﻲ ﻭﺳﻴﻠﺔ ﻟﺮﻓﺪﻧﺎ ﺑﺎﻟﻤﻌﺎﺭﻑ ﻭﺟﺴﺮ ﺗﻮﺍﺻﻞ ﺑﻴﻦ ﺍﻟﺜﻘﺎﻓﺎﺕ 1/2
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