KOLKATA TOUR PORTFOLIO

PORT FOLIO PORT FOLIO A STUDY TOUR TO KOLKATA

CONTENTS 1. SALT LAKE CITY CENTER MALL 2. VIVEKANANDA HOUSE 3. VICTORIA MEMORIAL HALL AND MUSEUM 4. ST.PAULS CHURCH 5. INDIAN MUSEUM 6. NEW MARKET, KOLKATA 7. NEW TOWN,KOLKATA 8. DAKSHINESHWAR TEMPLE 9. ECO PARK 10. TRAMS

SUBMITTED BY:

AAYUSH BANSAL SUBMITTED TO: AR. MOSTAFIZUR REHMAN

11718488 RA1702B32 A1702 LSAD,LPU

01 SALT LAKE CITY CENTRE

INTRODUCTION YEAR OF LAUNCH: JUNE 2001 LAND AREWA: 5 ACRES APPROXIMATELY YEAR OF YEAR OF COMPLETION: JUNE 2004 TOTAL BUILT UP AREA: 4 LAKH SQ FT ARCHITECT: LATE SHRI CHARLES CORREA LOCATION: DC BLOCK, SALT LAKE, KOLKATA

SITE

PLAN

CONTEXT

CITY CENTER SALT LAKE IS MEASURING APPROXIMATELY 6.5 ACRES WITH A ROAD ON ALL FOUR SIDES. THE GOAL IS TO CREATE A SPACE THAT CAN FORM THE KNOT TO ORGANIZE AND LIVE COMMERCIAL, CULTURAL AND SOCIAL ACTIVITIES. ESSENCE OF CONVENTIONAL INDIAN SHOPPING MARKET PUBLIC SPACES AND INT E R R E L A T I O N S H I P MIXED USED LAND OPEN, CLUSTERED PLANNING COMMERCIAL+ CULTURAL + SOCIAL AREAS

CHARLES CORREA CONCEPT --TO CREATE A SPACE WHICH CAN FORM THE NODE FOR EXPERIENCING AND HOLDING THE COMMERCIAL, CULTURAL AND SOCIAL ACTIVITIES. --THE PLACE IN SUCH A WAY A HYBRID BETWEEN A CONVENTION CENTRE AND A CULTURAL HUB AND A COMMERCIAL CENTRE WITH MUCH REDUCED SCALE. --HE DEVELOPED THE SPACES AS THE REQUIREMENT OF THE CITY FOR CULTURAL AND COMMERCIAL HUB.

SITE PLAN

GROUND FLOOR PLAN

FIRST FLOOR PLAN

THIRD FLOOR PLAN

TERRACE FLOOR PLAN

DETAIL SECTION AND CONCEPT

SECOND FLOOR PLAN

02

INTRODUCTION YEAR OF YEAR OF COMPLETION: 1987 TOTAL BUILT UP AREA: 1 ACRE

LOCATION: SWAMI VIVEKA105, VIVEKANANDA RD, MANICKNANDA’S ANTALA, AZAD HIND BAG, KOLKATA, CESTRAL HOUSE WEST BENGAL KOLKATA

LOCATION MAP

TRAILING

THROUGH

SWAMIJI’S

LIFE

SWAMI VIVEKANANDA WAS BORN ON THE 12TH OF JANUARY IN THE YEAR 1863. HIS ANCESTRAL HOUSE IS LOCATED IN 105, VIVEKANANDA ROAD, WHERE HE WAS BORN AND BROUGHT UP. THE HOUSE HOSTS A WIDE RANGE OF STORIES THAT ARE TOLD TIME AND AGAIN OF THE VARIOUS INGENUOUS ACTIVITIES OF THE MAN, HIMSELF. FOLLOWING VIVEKANANDA’S DEATH, THE HOUSE WAS FACED WITH A LEGAL BATTLE BETWEEN HIS MOTHER AND AUNT, CONCLUDING A FEW DAYS PRIOR TO HIS DEATH. VIVEKANANDA WON FULL LEGAL RIGHTS OVER THE PROPERTY. IT WAS NOT UNTIL 1962, THAT THE HOUSE – WHICH WAS THEN IN TERRIBLE STATE – WAS TAKEN UP BY THE ORGANISATION CALLED RAMAKRISHNA MISSION AND TURNED INTO A MUSEUM. RAMAKRISHNA MISSION FOLLOWS THE IDEOLOGIES OF THE SAINT RAMAKRISHNA PARAMAHANSA, WHOSE DISCIPLE WAS VIVEKANANDA, HIMSELF. INAUGURATED BY THE THEN PRESIDENT OF INDIA, A. P. J. ABDUL KALAM, THE HOUSE CURRENTLY IS A MUSEUM, RESEARCH CENTRE, LIBRARY, A MEMORIAL SHRINE, A LANGUAGE CENTRE, A COMPUTER TRAINING CENTRE AND A CHARITABLE DISPENSARY.

MAN ENTRANCE TO HOUSE

COURTYARD 1 SERVES HOUSE MEMBER

PRAYER ROOM

BIRTH PLACE OF SWAMI JI LOCATED AT CENTRE

COURTYARD 2

REST ROOM AND BEDROOM

STUDY AND MEETING AREA

DURGA DALAN - AREA USED FOR COMMUNITY MEETING

WORKING AND OFFICE AREA

ANGAN AND YAGYA AREA

03 VICTORIA MEMORIAL HALL AND MUSEUM

A

B

INTRODUCTION ESTABLISHED: 1921 LOCATION: QUEEN’S WAY, KOLKATA, WEST BENGAL, INDIA TYPE: MUSEUM COLLECTION SIZE: NEARLY 30,000 (31 MARCH 2009) ARCHITECT: WILLIAM EMERSON

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FLOOR PLAN OF THE MUSEUM EXPLAINIG DIFFERENT USE PLAN

THE VICTORIA MEMORIAL IS A LARGE MARBLE BUILDING IN KOLKATA, WEST BENGAL, INDIA, WHICH WAS BUILT BETWEEN 1906 AND 1921. IT IS DEDICATED TO THE MEMORY OF QUEEN VICTORIA, THEN EMPRESS OF INDIA, AND IS NOW A MUSEUM AND TOURIST DESTINATION UNDER THE AUSPICES OF THE MINISTRY OF CULTURE.[2] THE MEMORIAL LIES ON THE MAIDAN (GROUNDS) BY THE BANK OF THE HOOGHLY RIVER, NEAR JAWAHARLAL NEHRU ROAD (BETTER KNOWN AS CHOWRINGHEE ROAD).

AERIAL VIEW OF THE SITE

MAP SHOWING SITE CONTEXT AND LANDSCAPE

FLOOR PLAN OF THE MUSEUM EXPLAINIG DIFFERENT AREAS

REVIVALISM

OF

ARCHITECTURAL

TRENDS

THE VICTORIA MEMORIAL FEATURES INDO-SARACENIC REVIVALIST ARCHITECTURAL STYLE WHICH DISPLAYS A BLEND OF MUGHAL AND BRITISH ELEMENTS ALONG WITH EGYPTIAN, ISLAMIC, VENETIAN, AND DECCANI ELEMENTS. MADE OF WHITE MARKANA MARBLE, THE EDIFICE HAS DIMENSIONS OF 103 METERS BY 69 METERS AND REACHES UP TO A HEIGHT OF 56 METERS. IN TERMS OF DESIGN, VICTORIA MEMORIAL DRAWS INSPIRATION FROM THE TAJ MAHAL. IT HAS A MAIN CENTRAL DOME, FOUR SMALLER DOMES, HIGH PORTALS, DOMED CHAATRIS OF OCTAGONAL SHAPE, DOMED TOWERS AT THE CORNERS, AND TERRACE. THE ANGEL OF VICTORY, A 16-FEET TALL FIGURE, STANDS ON TOP OF THE CENTRAL DOME. YOU CAN FIND SEVERAL ALLEGORICAL SCULPTURES SURROUNDING THE CENTRAL DOME, INCLUDING CHARITY, JUSTICE, ART, AND ARCHITECTURE. THE NORTH PORCH HAS ALLEGORICAL SCULPTURES OF PRUDENCE, MOTHERHOOD, AND LEARNING. THE GARDEN IS COVERING 64 ACRES. THE FIGURE OF ‘ANGEL OF VICTORY’ IS ERECTED ON THE CENTRAL DOME OF VICTORIA MEMORIAL. MOUNTED ON LARGE BALL BEARINGS, THE FIGURE ROTATES WITH THE WIND.

HISTORY OF SIDE THE

CALCUTTA MUSEUM

MENTIONED INOF VICTORIA.

IN THE MID 1970S, THE MATTER OF A NEW GALLERY DEVOTED TO THE VISUAL HISTORY OF CALCUTTA WAS PROMOTED BY SAIYID NURUL HASAN, THE MINISTER FOR EDUCATION. IN 1986, HASAN BECAME THE GOVERNOR OF WEST BENGAL AND CHAIRMAN OF THE BOARD OF TRUSTEES OF THE VICTORIA MEMORIAL. IN NOVEMBER 1988, HASAN HOSTED AN INTERNATIONAL SEMINAR ON THE HISTORICAL PERSPECTIVES FOR THE CALCUTTA TERCENTENARY. THE CALCUTTA GALLERY CONCEPT WAS AGREED AND A DESIGN WAS DEVELOPED LEADING TO THE OPENING OF THE GALLERY IN 1992.

THE ROYAL GALLERY DISPLAYS A NUMBER OF PORTRAITS OF VICTORIA AND PRINCE ALBERT AND PAINTINGS ILLUSTRATING THEIR LIVES,

BY JANSEN AND WINTERHALTER. THE OIL PAINTINGS ARE COPIES OF THOSE IN LONDON. THEY INCLUDE: VICTORIA RECEIVING THE SACRAMENT AT HER CORONATION IN WESTMINSTER ABBEY (JUNE 1838); VICTORIA’S MARRIAGE TO ALBERT IN THE CHAPEL ROYAL AT ST JAMES’S PALACE (1840); THE CHRISTENING OF THE PRINCE OF WALES IN WINDSOR CASTLE (1842); THE MARRIAGE OF EDWARD VII TO PRINCESS ALEXANDRA (1863); VICTORIA AT THE FIRST JUBILEE SERVICE AT WESTMINSTER ABBEY (1887) AND THE SECOND JUBILEE SERVICE AT ST. PAUL’S CATHEDRAL (JUNE 1897). VICTORIA’S CHILDHOOD ROSEWOOD PIANOFORTE AND HER CORRESPONDENCE DESK FROM WINDSOR CASTLE STAND IN THE CENTRE OF THE ROOM. EDWARD VII PRESENTED THESE ITEMS TO THE VICTORIA MEMORIAL. ON THE SOUTH WALL HANGS THE RUSSIAN ARTIST VASILY VERESHCHAGIN’S OIL PAINTING OF THE STATE ENTRY OF EDWARD VII IN JAIPUR IN 1876..

THERE ARE 25 GALLERIES IN VICTORIA MEMORIAL. THE GALLERIES INCLUDE THE SCULPTURE GALLERY, THE ROYAL GALLERY, THE CENTRAL HALL, THE PORTRAIT GALLERY, THE ARMS AND ARMORY GALLERY AND THE CALCUTTA GALLERY. THE OTHER EXHIBITS OF THE MUSEUM INCLUDE COINS, STAMPS AND MAPS OF THOSE TIMES.

04 ST. PAUL’S CATHEDRAL, KOLKATA

INTRODUCTION

LOCATION: 1A, CATHEDRAL ROAD, KOLKATA – 71 COUNTRY: INDIA DENOMINATION: ANGLICAN HISTORY STATUS: CATHEDRAL DEDICATION: ST. PAUL ARCHITECTURE FUNCTIONAL STATUS: ACTIVE DESIGNATED: 1847 ARCHITECT: MAJOR WILLIAM NAIRN FORBES, C. K. ROBINSON ARCHITECTURAL TYPE: INDO-GOTHIC STYLE: GOTHIC REVIVAL COMPLETED: 1847

ABOUT

ST.

PAUL

CATHEDRAL

ST. PAUL’S CATHEDRAL IS A CNI (CHURCH OF NORTH INDIA) CATHEDRAL OF ANGLICAN BACKGROUND IN KOLKATA, WEST BENGAL, INDIA, NOTED FOR ITS GOTHIC ARCHITECTURE. IT IS THE SEAT OF THE DIOCESE OF CALCUTTA. THE CORNERSTONE WAS LAID IN 1839; THE BUILDING WAS COMPLETED IN 1847.[1] IT IS SAID TO BE THE LARGEST CATHEDRAL IN KOLKATA AND THE FIRST EPISCOPAL CHURCH IN ASIA.[2][3] IT WAS ALSO THE FIRST CATHEDRAL BUILT IN THE OVERSEAS TERRITORY OF THE BRITISH EMPIRE. THE EDIFICE STANDS ON CATHEDRAL ROAD ON THE “ISLAND OF ATTRACTIONS” TO PROVIDE FOR MORE SPACE FOR THE GROWING POPULATION OF THE EUROPEAN COMMUNITY IN CALCUTTA IN THE 1800S. FOLLOWING THE 1897 EARTHQUAKE AND THE SUBSEQUENT MASSIVE EARTHQUAKE OF 1934, WHEN CALCUTTA SUFFERED SUBSTANTIAL DAMAGE, THE CATHEDRAL WAS RECONSTRUCTED TO A REVISED DESIGN. THE ARCHITECTURAL DESIGN OF THE CATHEDRAL IS “INDO-GOTHIC”, A GOTHIC ARCHITECTURAL STYLE DESIGNED TO MEET THE CLIMATIC CONDITIONS OF INDIA. THE CATHEDRAL COMPLEX HAS A LIBRARY, SITUATED OVER THE WESTERN PORCH, AND A DISPLAY OF PLASTIC ART FORMS AND MEMORABILIA. APART FROM THAT OF BISHOP DANIEL WILSON, THE FOUNDER OF THE CATHEDRAL, THE OTHER NOTABLE BURIAL IN THE CHURCH IS THAT OF JOHN PAXTON NORMAN, AN ACTING CHIEF JUSTICE WHO WAS ASSASSINATED IN 1871.

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THE CATHEDRAL WAS BUILT TO REPLACE ST. JOHN’S CHURCH, WHICH HAD BECOME TOO SMALL FOR CALCUTTA’S GROWING EUROPEAN COMMUNITY; BY 1810 THERE WERE 4,000 BRITISH MEN AND 300 BRITISH WOMEN IN BENGAL.

MAP SHOWING SITE CONTEXT AND LANDSCAPE DETAIL OF ST. PAUL CATHEDRAL

VIEW OF CATHEDRAL

IN 1819, AT THE REQUEST OF MARQUESS OF HASTINGS, THEN GOVERNOR-GENERAL OF BENGAL, ARCHITECT WILLIAM NAIRN FORBES PRODUCED A DESIGN FOR THE PROPOSED CATHEDRAL; HOWEVER, IT WAS NOT ACCEPTED AS IT WAS DEEMED TOO EXPENSIVE TO BUILD. BISHOP MIDDLETON SUGGESTED AS A SITE FOR THE NEW CATHEDRAL THE PART OF THE CITY NOW KNOWN AS “FIVES COURT”, WHERE THE CATHEDRAL NOW STANDS. IN 1762 THE AREA HAD BEEN DESCRIBED AS A FOREST SO WILD THAT IT HARBORED TIGERS, AND, AT FIRST, IT WAS REGARDED AS “TOO FAR SOUTH” TO SERVE AS A LOCATION FOR THE CATHEDRAL. IN THE 1897 EARTHQUAKE THE CATHEDRAL SUFFERED DAMAGE AND WAS REFURBISHED. IN THE SUBSEQUENT MASSIVE EARTHQUAKE OF 1934, WHEN CALCUTTA WAS DEVASTATED, THE CATHEDRAL’S STEEPLE TOWER COLLAPSED.IT WAS RECONSTRUCTED TO A REVISED DESIGN.FOLLOWING THE 1934 CALCUTTA EARTHQUAKE, THE TOWER WAS REBUILT ALONG THE LINES OF THE CENTRAL BELL HARRY TOWER OF CANTERBURY CATHEDRAL.ON ITS COMPLETION, ST. PAUL’S REPLACED ST. JOHN’S CHURCH AS THE CATHEDRAL.

DETAILS --THE TURAL

CATHEDRAL HAVE STYLE, OTHERWISE

OF

CHURCH

AN INDO-GOTHIC ARCHITECKNOWN AS GOTHIC REVIV

--AL STYLE, INCLUDES THREE STAINED-GLASS WINDOWS AND TWO FRESCOES IN THE FLORENTINE RENAISSANCE STYLE. --THE NAVE OF THE CATHEDRAL IS LONG AT 75 M, AND ITS WIDTH IS 25 M AND IS FITTED WITH WELL-CRAFTED WOODEN PEWS AND CHAIRS. --THE CENTRAL SPIRE RISES TO A HEIGHT OF 61 M. THE STAINED-GLASS WINDOWS ON THE WESTERN SIDE WERE FITTED IN HALF-SUNK ARCHES; --THE HALL OF THE CATHEDRAL IS BUILT SPACIOUSLY WITHOUT ANY AISLES ON ITS FLANKS. --THE MATERIALS USED IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF THE CATHEDRAL CONSISTED OF SPECIAL BRICKS, LIGHT IN WEIGHT AND WITH GOOD COMPRESSION STRENGTH. --THE DRESSED STONES USED WERE CHUNAR STONES. THE EXTERNAL AND INTERNAL SURFACES OF THE CATHEDRAL WERE PLASTERED WITH FINE LIME PLASTER IN THE FORM OF A STUCCO. THE CATHEDRAL’S INTERIOR HAS A DISPLAY OF MANY PLASTIC ART FORMS. THERE IS AN EPISCOPAL THRONE ON THE SOUTHERN FLANK OF THE ALTAR AND A DECORATIVE WALL ON ITS BACK SIDE. --THE CATHEDRAL COMPLEX HAS A LIBRARY, SITUATED OVER THE 19 M × 7M WESTERN PORCH WITH A HEIGHT 11 M. THE LIBRARY ALSO HAS A SCULPTURE OF BISHOP WILSON MADE IN MARBLE. --ENTRY TO THE CATHEDRAL IS FROM THE NORTH THROUGH A LARGE GATE MADE OF WROUGHT IRON. THE CATHEDRAL IS SURROUNDED BY A WELL-TENDED GARDEN HAVING 63 SPECIES OF TREES

05 INDIAN MUSEUM, KOLKATA

INTRODUCTION ESTABLISHED: 1814 LOCATION: 27, JAWAHARLAL NEHRU ROAD, PARK STREET, KOLKATA - 700016 TYPE: MUSEUM COLLECTION SIZE: 102,646 (AS OF MARCH 31, 2004) DIRECTOR: SHRI ARIJIT DUTTA CHOUDHURY

MY

FAVOURITE

AREA

IN

THE

MUSEUM

-THE FAVOURITE AREA OR PLACE IN THE MUSEUM I LIKED IT IS THE COURTYARD SECTION WHICH WAS USED IN THE SECTION CENTRE OF THE MUSEUM WHERE PEOPLE USED FOR SEATING AND USED AS A GATHERING SPACE IN THE BETWEEN. THE OVERALL AREA WAS COVERED WITH GREEN GRASS AND ENTIRELYUSED BY THE VISITORS.

06 NEW MARKET,KOLKATA

INTRODUCTION ESTABLISHED: 1814 LOCATION: 27, JAWAHARLAL NEHRU ROAD, PARK STREET, KOLKATA - 700016 TYPE: MUSEUM COLLECTION SIZE: 102,646 (AS OF MARCH 31, 2004) DIRECTOR: SHRI ARIJIT DUTTA CHOUDHURY

STREAT

ACTIVITY

AN EXQUISITE HUB OF AROUND 2,000 STORES, MANY UNDER ONE ROOF, (THAT’S BEEN SERVING THE CITY FOR OVER 135 YEARS) SELLING EVERYTHING YOU COULD EVER IMAGINE. CLOTHES, SHOES, FASHION JEWELRY, ELECTRONIC GADGETS, TOYS, CHILDREN’S SECTIONS, EVERYDAY PRODUCTS, TABLEWARE, GROCERIES, FLOWER SHOPS, DECORATIVE ITEMS, BOOKS, ETC. THE NEW MARKET IN KOLKATA IS THE OLDEST INDIAN STREET MARKET. IN ADDITION TO FILLING YOUR SHOPPING MADNESS, YOU CAN SATIATE YOUR GASTRONOMIC SENSES WITH AN ASTONISHING VARIETY OF DELICACIES FOUND IN RESTAURANTS IN THIS REGION. YOU CAN FIND YOUR FAVORITE AND FASHIONABLE ITEM AT A REASONABLE PRICE, THERE. IRONIC TO ITS NAME, NEW MARKET IS APPARENTLY OLD AND WAS BUILT IN 1874.

BUT IT IS SINCE 1985 THAT THE NUMBER OF VISITORS HAS INCREASED IN THE MARKET. MOREOVER, THE COLONIAL ARCHITECTURAL STRUCTURE OF THE NEW MARKET ADDS TO THE NUMBER OF VISITORS AND ATTRACTS MANY TOURISTS AS WELL.

ACCESS WITH SHOPS WITH STREATS

THE PLACE ARE MOSTLY CROWDED

THE MARKET HAVE MANY SHOPS

PEOPLE BUY AND SELL IN STREATS

PROS

INCREDIBLE VARIETY OF GOODS. CHEAP PRICES. GREAT FOR BARGAIN SHOPPING.

CONS

THE MARKET ALSO HAS BOOKS AND STATIONARY SHOPS

THE MARKET ALSO HAS FOOD PLAZA AND RESTAURANTS

AT NEW MARKET, BOTH THE VEGETARIAN AND NON-VEGETARIAN STREET FOOD IS AWESOME, WITH A LITTLE SMATTERING OF BRANDED RETAIL FOOD JOINTS LIKE THE CREAM AND FUDGE FACTORY, KFC, DOMINOS AND WOW MOMOS BEING PRESENT ON EITHER SIDE. THE PHUCHKA AND CHAT, DESI CHINESE FOOD LIKE CHOPSUEY AND SCHEZUAN CHICKEN (QUESTIONABLE SPELLINGS, AWESOME TASTE) AND THE DELIGHTFUL BAKERIES AROUND LIKE NAHOUM’S FOR A FEW BITES OF HEAVEN IN THE FORM OF BAKED GOODS! THERE IS THE LASSI, THE ICE-CREAM THAT COSTS RS. 6, THE SOUTH INDIAN FARE AND THE VARIOUS KINDS OF MILKSHAKES AND JUICES. NEW MARKET IS A HAVEN FOR CHEAP FOOD AND A TRUCKLOAD OF JOY.

THE MARKET ALSO SERVES STREAT FOOD AND LOCALLY MADE DISHES

CAN GET CROWDED AND HOT. IT’S ONLY PARTIALLY AIR-CONDITIONED. VERY DIRTY AND SMELLY IN PARTS. THE MEAT SECTION ISN’T CLEANED PROPERLY. PARKING SPACE AND TOILETS ARE LACKING. PICKPOCKETS AND BEGGARS OPERATE IN THE AREA. FOREIGNERS ARE SOMETIMES HARASSED TO PAY TWO OR THREE TIMES MORE FOR ITEMS. DIFFICULT TO FIND YOUR WAY AROUND WITHOUT A GUIDE. THERE ARE MANY TOUTS, WHICH ARE A NUISANCE. FAKE ITEMS ARE SOLD, AND IT CAN BE HARD TO DETERMINE THE QUALITY. ALWAYS ASK FOR A BILL AFTER PURCHASING A PRODUCT.

QUICK FACTS

THE MAIN ENTRANCE IS ON LINDSAY STREET, KOLKATA, JUST OFF CHOWRINGHEE ROAD. OPEN 10 A.M. UNTIL 8 P.M. MONDAY TO FRIDAY, AND UNTIL 2.30 P.M. ON SATURDAY. IT’S CLOSED ON SUNDAY. OVER 2,000 STALLS. GUIDES ARE AVAILABLE FOR HIRE FOR A NOMINAL FEE.

07 NEW TOWN PLANNING, KOLKATA

INTRODUCTION

COUNTRY: INDIA STATE: WEST BENGAL DISTRICT: NORTH 24 PARGANAS REGION: GREATER KOLKATA GOVERNMENT • TYPE: STATUTORY DEVELOPMENT BOARD • BODY: NEW TOWN KOLKATA DEVELOPMENT AUTHORITY, WEST BENGAL HOUSING INFRASTRUCTURE DEVELOPMENT CORPORATION (HIDCO) AREA: TOTAL 30 KM2 (10 SQ MI) ELEVATION: 9 M (30 FT) POPULATION: (JULY 2018) • TOTAL 3 6,541 • DENSITY:1,218/KM2 (3,150/SQ MI)

NEW TOWN IS A FAST-GROWING PLANNED SATELLITE CITY OF KOLKATA. IT COMES UNDER NORTH 24 PARGANAS DISTRICT IN THE INDIAN STATE OF WEST BENGAL. IT IS CLOSE TO KOLKATA AND COVERED BY NEW TOWN KOLKATA DEVELOPMENT AUTHORITY (NKDA).

HIDCO PLANS DEVELOPING INFRASTRUCTURE LIKE - ROADS, DRAINS, SEWERAGE LINE, WATER SUPPLY LINES, MAJOR BEAUTIFICATION WORKS ETC AND EXECUTES CONSTRUCTIONS LIKE BUILDINGS, PROJECTS, PARKS, MUSEUM, SUBWAYS, OVERBRIDGES ETC IN NEW TOWN.[6] THIS NEW INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY AND RESIDENTIAL HUB IS BEING DEVELOPED ON THE NORTH-EASTERN FRINGES OF KOLKATA. THE AREA MAINLY CONSISTED OF HUGE ACRES OF CULTIVABLE 1990S.

MASTER PLAN OF THE CITY THE WEST BENGAL GOVERNMENT’S PLAN TO DEVELOP THE RAJARHAT NEW TOWNSHIP ON THE PERIPHERY OF KOLKATA IN THE MID-1990S UNWITTINGLY PRODUCED AN URBAN LANDSCAPE THAT CONTRADICTS THE MASTER PLAN. THE NEW TOWN IS FRAGMENTED INTO A FORMAL NETWORK OF ROADS AND GATED RESIDENTIAL HIGH-RISE COMPLEXES ON THE ONE HAND, AND DENSE URBAN VILLAGES WITH TRADITIONAL HOUSING LAYOUTS ON THE OTHER. URBAN VILLAGES AND GATED COMMUNITIES REPRESENT A CONTINUUM OF NEW URBAN LIVING WHICH IS MARKED BY A CONSTANT NEED TO MAKE SENSE OF THE CHANGED REALITY THROUGH VARIED STRATEGIES OF PLACE-MAKING. THESE ARE IN RESPONSE TO THE MULTIPLE WAYS IN WHICH INHABITANTS OF THESE VERY DISTINCT SETTLEMENT TYPES HAVE BEEN UNSETTLED BY URBANIZATION. THE PARTICULAR EMPHASIS OF THIS PAPER IS ON THE LIVED LIFE OF INHABITANTS--EXAMINING ROUTINE ACTIVITIES THAT GO INTO THE MATERIAL AND SOCIAL CONSTRUCTION OF PLACE AS WELL AS HOW PLACE INFLUENCES SOCIAL INTERACTIONS, LIVELIHOODS AND ASPIRATIONS.

IMPORTANT TOURIST ATTRACTION

EDEN GARDENS BISWA BANGLA GATE HOWRAH BRIDGE SALT LAKE STADIUM OR YUVA BHARATI KRIRANGAN ST. PAUL’S CATHEDRAL VIDYASAGAR SETU(SECOND HOOGLY BRIDGE) THE GENERAL POST OFFICE, KOLKATA MOTHER’S WAX MUSEUM

08 DAKSHINESHWAR TEMPLE, HOWRAH

INTRODUCTION AFFILIATION: HINDUISM DISTRICT: NORTH 24 PARGANAS DEITY: BHAVATARINI KALI FESTIVALS: KALI PUJA, SNANA YATRA, KALPATARU DAY LOCATION: GREATER KOLKATA STATE: WEST BENGAL COUNTRY: INDIA TYPE: BENGAL ARCHITECTURE CREATOR: RANI RASHMONI COMPLETED: 1855 TEMPLE: 12 SHIVA TEMPLES, 1 TEMPLE OF RADHAKRISHNA AND 1 MAIN TEMPLE OF GODDESS KALI

ABOUT

DAKSHINESHWAR

TEMPLE

DAKSHINESWAR KALI TEMPLE IS A HINDU NAVARATNA TEMPLE LOCATED AT DAKSHINESWAR. SITUATED ON THE EASTERN BANK OF THE HOOGHLY RIVER, THE PRESIDING DEITY OF THE TEMPLE IS BHAVATARINI, AN ASPECT OF KALI, MEANING, ‘SHE WHO LIBERATES HER DEVOTEES FROM THE OCEAN OF EXISTENCE I.E. SASĀRA’. THE TEMPLE WAS BUILT IN 1855 BY RANI RASHMONI, A PHILANTHROPIST AND A DEVOTEE OF KALI. THE TEMPLE IS FAMOUS RAMAKRISHNA, A MYSTIC

FOR ITS ASSOCIATION WITH OF 19TH CENTURY BENGAL.

THE TEMPLE COMPOUND, APART FROM THE NINE-SPIRED MAIN TEMPLE, CONTAINS A LARGE COURTYARD SURROUNDING THE TEMPLE, WITH ROOMS ALONG THE BOUNDARY WALLS. THERE ARE TWELVE SHRINES DEDICATED TO SHIVA—KALI’S COMPANION—ALONG THE RIVERFRONT, A TEMPLE TO RADHA-KRISHNA, A BATHING GHAT ON THE RIVER, A SHRINE DEDICATED TO RANI RASHMONI. ‘NAHABAT’.

THE CHAMBER IN THE NORTHWESTERN CORNER JUST BEYOND THE LAST OF THE SHIVA TEMPLES, IS WHERE RAMAKRISHNA AND MAA SARADA SPENT A CONSIDERABLE PART OF THEIR LIVES.

09 ECO PARK, SALT LAKE, KOLKATA

INTRODUCTION

NEW TOWN ECO PARK (PRAKRITI TIRTHA) IS AN URBAN PARK IN NEW TOWN, KOLKATA AND THE BIGGEST PARK SO FAR IN INDIA. THE PARK IS SITUATED ON A 480 ACRES (190 HA) PLOT AND IS SURROUNDED BY A 104 ACRES (42 HA) WATERBODY WITH AN ISLAND IN THE MIDDLE.THE PARK WAS CONCEPTUALISED BY CHIEF MINISTER OF WEST BENGAL, MAMATA BANERJEE IN JULY 2011.WEST BENGAL HOUSING INFRASTRUCTURE DEVELOPMENT CORPORATION (HIDCO) IS THE OVERARCHING BODY COORDINATING THE CONSTRUCTION OF THE PARK, ALONG WITH DIFFERENT OTHER GOVERNMENT BODIES RESPONSIBLE FOR IMPLEMENTATION OF DIFFERENT WORKS INSIDE THE PARK. THE PARK HAS BEEN DIVIDED INTO THREE BROAD PARTS; 1) ECOLOGICAL ZONES LIKE WETLANDS, GRASSLANDS, AND URBAN FOREST, 2) THEME GARDENS AND OPEN SPACES, 3) AND URBAN RECREATIONAL SPACES. THE ECO PARK IS FURTHER DIVIDED INTO DIFFERENT SUB-PARTS ACCORDING TO THE DIFFERENT TYPES OF FAUNA PLANTED. THE COPY OF SEVEN WONDERS OF THE WORLD ARE ALSO CONSTRUCTED IN THIS PARK FOR THE PEOPLE TO VISIT IT.ACCORDING TO THE PLAN, THE PARK WILL HAVE DIFFERENT AREAS LIKE WILD FLOWER MEADOWS, A BAMBOO GARDEN, GRASSLANDS, TROPICAL TREE GARDEN, BONSAI GARDEN*, TEA GARDEN, CACTUS WALK*, A HELICONIA GARDEN*, A BUTTERFLY GARDEN, A PLAY AREA AND AN AMPHITHEATRE(*-YET TO BE ADDED).FURTHER, THERE IS PLAN TO DEVELOP AN ECO-RESORT IN PUBLIC-PRIVATE PARTNERSHIP.

ZONING

PLAN

OF

THE

SITE

THE MASTER PLAN FOR THE ECO-PARK HAS BEEN PREPARED WITH THE INTENT TO BALANCE ITS ROLE AS A CITY LEVEL RECREATIONAL OPEN SPACE, WITH THE NEED FOR THE PARK TO HELP MITIGATE SOME OF THE ADVERSE IMPACTS OF URBANIZATION OF THE SURROUNDING AREA. THE ECO-PARK WILL ALSO BE DEVELOPED TO RE-ESTABLISH A HEALTHY SELF-SUSTAINING ECO-SYSTEM. --THE PARK WILL BROADLY CONSIST OF THREE KINDS OF SPACES. THESE WOULD INCLUDE: --ECOLOGICAL ZONES SUCH AS WETLANDS, GRASSLANDS AND URBAN FORESTS --THEME GARDENS AND RECREATIONAL OPEN SPACES --URBAN LEISURE, EDUCATIONAL AND FUNCTIONAL SPACES SUCH AS GALLERIES FOR FLORA AND BIRDS, AN URBAN MUSEUM, CRAFTS BAZAARS, A PLANTS AND FARMERS’ MARKET, FOOD COURTS, AMPHITHEATER, AND PLAZAS.

ATTRACTIONS

IN

BAMBOO FOREST TROPICAL TREE GARDEN FORMAL GARDEN WILDFLOWER MEADOW HERB GARDEN MASK GARDEN TROPICAL RAIN FOREST RABI ARANYA TEA GARDEN FRUITS GARDEN SEVEN WONDERS

THE

ECO

PARK

LANDSCAPING IN ECO PARK THE PROPOSED ECO-PARK AT NEW TOWN, KOLKATA WILL COVER AN AREA OF 194 HECTARES (480 ACRES) AND INCLUDES A 42-HECTARE (104- ACRE) WATER BODY WITH AN ISLAND. THE UPCOMING CENTRAL BUSINESS DISTRICT (CBD) IS LOCATED TO THE EAST OF THE SITE AND ONE OF THE LARGEST CONVENTION CENTERS IN THE COUNTRY AND THE KOLKATA MUSEUM MODERN ART ARE BEING BUILT TO ITS NORTH. THE MASTER PLAN FOR THE ECO-PARK HAS BEEN PREPARED WITH THE INTENT TO BALANCE ITS ROLE AS A CITY LEVEL RECREATIONAL OPEN SPACE, WITH THE NEED FOR THE PARK TO HELP MITIGATE SOME OF THE ADVERSE IMPACTS OF URBANIZATION OF THE SURROUNDING AREA. THE ECO-PARK WILL ALSO BE DEVELOPED TO RE-ESTABLISH A HEALTHY SELF-SUSTAINING ECO-SYSTEM. THE PARK WILL BROADLY CONSIST OF THREE KINDS OF SPACES. THESE WOULD INCLUDE: ECOLOGICAL ZONES SUCH AS WETLANDS, GRASSLANDS AND URBAN FORESTS

10 TRAMS

INTRODUCTION A TRAM (STREETCAR OR TROLLEY) IS A RAIL VEHICLE THAT RUNS ON TRAMWAY TRACKS ALONG PUBLIC URBAN STREETS; SOME INCLUDE SEGMENTS OF SEGREGATED RIGHT-OF-WAY.[1][2] THE LINES OR NETWORKS OPERATED

BY TRAMCARS ARE CALLED TRAMWAYS. HISTORICALLY THE TERM ELECTRIC STREET RAILWAYS WAS ALSO USED IN THE UNITED STATES. IN THE UNITED STATES, THE TERM TRAM HAS SOMETIMES BEEN USED FOR RUBBER-TIRED TRACKLESS TRAINS, WHICH ARE UNRELATED TO OTHER KINDS OF TRAMS.

THE TRAM SYSTEM IN THE CITY OF KOLKATA, WEST BENGAL, INDIA, OPERATED BY WEST BENGAL TRANSPORT CORPORATION (WBTC) AFTER CALCUTTA TRAMWAYS COMPANY (CTC) WAS DISSOLVED, IS THE ONLY TRAM NETWORK OPERATING IN INDIA. [5] BEING THE OLDEST OPERATING ELECTRIC TRAM SYSTEM IN ASIA, IT HAS BEEN RUNNING SINCE 1902.[6] THE NETWORK INITIALLY HAD UP TO 25 LINES OR MORE BUT HAS GRADUALLY REDUCED OVER THE YEARS WITH ONLY SIX LINES CURRENTLY OPERATING DUE TO FINANCIAL STRUGGLES, POOR MAINTENANCE, LOW RIDERSHIP, ADDITION OF ROAD FLYOVERS, EXPANSION OF THE KOLKATA METRO, SLOW TRAM SPEED, AND VIEWS THAT THE TRAMS ARE OUTDATED AND OCCUPY TOO MUCH ROAD SPACE. DUE TO THESE ISSUES, THERE HAVE BEEN OCCASIONAL TALKS OF EITHER SHUTTING DOWN THE NETWORK PERMANENTLY OR LIMITING THE OPERATIONS OF THE SYSTEM, HOWEVER, THE SYSTEM IS ALSO CONSIDERED ENVIRONMENTALLY FRIENDLY AND AN ICON OF KOLKATA, AND SO THERE HAVE ALSO BEEN RECENT EFFORTS TO SUSTAIN THE SYSTEM WITH NEWER TRAMS.

A

C

C

I

D

E

N

T

S

ON 3 DECEMBER 2012, A SEVEN-YEAR-OLD WAS KILLED BY A TRAM ENTERING THE ULTADANGA DEPOT. THE BOY WAS REPORTEDLY PLAYING NEAR THE TRACKS WHEN THE TRAM APPROACHED AND IT STRUCK HIM BEFORE THE BRAKES COULD BE FULLY APPLIED.

A BUS DRIVER ATTEMPTED TO OVERTAKE A TRAM ON 31 JANUARY 2013. THE REAR OF THE BUS GRAZED THE TRAM, AMPUTATING A BUS PASSENGER’S ARM. THE MAN WAS RUSHED TO THE HOSPITAL FOR HIS ARM TO BE REATTACHED. ON 19 JUNE 2014, A DRIVERLESS TRAM STRUCK 10 CARS. NO FATALITIES OR INJURIES WERE REPORTED.

--CTC OWNS 257 TRAMS, OF WHICH 125 USED TO RUN DAILY.EACH SINGLE-DECK ARTICULATED CAR CAN CARRY 200 PASSENGERS (60 SEATED).

--BUT THE NUMBER OF TRAMS IS DECREASING SHARPLY DUE TO VARIOUS REASONS AND NOW ONLY 35 TRAMS RUN DAILY.

SIZE

OF

LENGTH: 17.5M WIDTH: 2.1M WEIGHT: 20.22 TONES SEATING: 60 PASSENGERS PER CAR AND 200 FOR FULL LOAD CAPACITY SPEED: 40KM/H MAX AND 25KM/H AVERAGE

DIMENSION

JOURNEY OF KOLKATA TRAM FROM BRITISH CALCUTTA TO MODERN KOLKATA: INTERESTING FACTSDIMENSION OF TRACK

CAR

OF

17.5m

IT HAS WITNESSED THE CITY’S UPHILL JOURNEY FROM THE REBELLIOUS CALCUTTA TO THE PEACEFUL KOLKATA. THOUGH A THING OF PAST IN OTHER INDIAN METROS AND AN OBJECT OF DISDAIN TO URBANITES

TRACK

TRACK GAUGE: 1435MM

DISTANCE

BETWEEN

TWO

ELECTRIC

POLES

TODAY, TRAMS STILL EXIST AS A HERITAGE OF KOLKATA AND A REMINISCENCE OF CALCUTTA. THE OLDEST OPERATING PUBLIC TRANSPORT IN ASIA, KOLKATA TRAM HAS BEEN ON THE RUN SINCE 1867, THROUGH MODIFICATIONS.

TRAM

IN 2015, DIBAKAR BANERJEE’S FILM DETECTIVE BYOMKESH BAKSHY FEATURING KOLKATA TRAMS WITH THE 1940S’ BLACK & WHITE ADVERTISEMENTS HAD REVIVED THE HOPES TO RESTORE THE TRAM’S FADED GLORY. WE AT INDIANEAGLE TAKE ON THE EVENTFUL JOURNEY OF KOLKATA TRAM FROM A NEED OF THE COLONIAL TIMES TO A HERITAGE OF THE 21ST CENTURY.

IT IS USUALLY 6METRES CENTRE TO CENTRE.

HEIGHT

OF

THE

STEPS

OF

THE

THE HEIGHT OF THE KOLKATA TRAM STEP IS NOT SPECIFIED IN ANY DOCUMENT IN THE RESEARCH DONE .

BUT ACCORDING TO THE PICTURES INSERTED IN THIS SLIDE, WE CAN SEE THE AVERAGE HEIGHT OF IT BY OBSERVING THE TWO MEN WHO ARE JUST NEAR TO THE ENTRANCE OF THE TRAM.

--KOLKATA TRAM IS ONE OF THE FEW HISTORIC ENTITIES WITHOUT WHICH CALCUTTA, THE FIRST CAPITAL OF BRITISH INDIA, CANNOT BE PICTURED.

2.1m

--THOUGH TRAM IS IDENTIFIED AS ONE OF THE UNIQUE ICONS OF KOLKATA TODAY, IT WAS DISREGARDED AS A BRITISH IMPORT BY REVOLUTIONARIES OF THE COLONIAL TIMES.

THANK YOU