Gensler Las Vegas Intern Project 2016

I

N

I

N

Summer Intern Project 2016 | Gensler Las Vegas 3883 Howard Hughes Parkway Suite 650 Las Vegas NV 89169 www.gensler.com For more information please contact Gensler LV at +1 702 893 2800

INNOVATIVE INTERVENTION IN INTERSTITIAL INTIMATE INTERIOR SPACES

Contributors: Aashti Miller, Cornell University Brenda Tena, University of Nevada, Las Vegas Masoud Sharikzadeh, University of Arizona Print by: Lulu No part of this publication may be reproduced without permission. © Gensler

CONTEXT LAS VEGAS FREEWAY INTERCHANGES AS OUR SITE

The greater Las Vegas area is a prime example of the suburban sprawl phenomenon, and has created small municipal communities within and on the outskirts of the city core. The car continues to be the main source of transportation and public transportation is associated with the homeless population and low income individuals. The gentrification of transportation means brings us to a startling realization of current socio-economic activities and locations. Higher income individuals travel longer distances to large box shopping centers, and lower income individuals use local retail centers. Retail is seemingly a place for community and is seen as an archetype to create “community.” However, the lack of socio-economic diversity does not provide a lasting model for future development nor growth.

WHAT WE DID. WHAT SITES ARE IMPORTANT? WHY?

Is it possible to use interstitial spaces along the beltway to foster a renewed sense of community and simultaneously help define the elusive identity of Las Vegas? Our project hopes to make this possible by engaging not just the horizontal dimension of a unique and expansive desert landscape, but by also addressing the vertical separation between land and man.

WHAT’S NEXT? THE DESIGN.

ACT 1, SCENE 1: As we look at Vegas, Vegas looks back at us.

You walk the path. You sit down and people-watch above you. There you might witness a first kiss, watch a conversation between an old couple holding hands, envy a group of friends hanging out or catch a glimpse of a celebrity. Maybe you will contemplate the statue in the niche. Maybe you will look into those windows and see a girl, your eyes will meet and it will be love at first sight. The BIG idea is using leftovers - designing the spaces that no one thought of ; the spaces with the BIGGEST “what if?” potential. The design is to be flexible in order to adapt to the several leftover spaces peppering the 215 Beltway, and potentially even the infinite rejects that are found beyond these limits.

4

SUMMER INTERN PROJECT | IN: LAS VEGAS | 2016

CONTENTS

01 INNOVATIVE : WHY INVENT ON/ALONG THE 215? HOW DO YOU LOOK AT A TIRED SITE IN A NEW & EXCITING WAY? : Identification of the site : Brief history of the site : Physical features of the site

02 INTERVENTION : WHAT SITE CONDITIONS ARE WE INTERVENING IN? AS DESIGNERS, HOW DO WE INTERVENE WHILE TAKING INTO CONSIDERATION FUTURE ENVISIONED INTERVENTIONS? : Vacancy VS density - LV + 215 : Manufacturing zoning -LV : Commercial zoning in - LV : Current infrastructure/programs - 215 : Proposed infrastructure/zoning -215

03 INTERSTITIAL : HOW CAN LAS VEGAS AS A WHOLE (MACRO) INFLUENCE THE INTERSTITIAL (MICRO) SCALE? : Machine networks > Transportation > Man + Bike + Car + Uber + Bus + Monorail : Natural networks > Climate > Temperature + Humidity + Rainfall + Flooding

04 INTIMATE : WHAT ACTIVITIES WILL OCCUR? WHERE? HOW? WHY? WITH WHO? WHEN? : Machine networks > Transportation > Man + Bike + Car + Uber + Bus + Monorail (CHANGE) : Natural networks > Climate > Temperature + Humidity + Rainfall + Flooding (CHANGE)

05 INTERIOR : THE DESIGN! : Precedents : Diagrams : Vignettes

SUMMER INTERN PROJECT | IN: LAS VEGAS | 2016

5

01

6

SUMMER INTERN PROJECT | IN: LAS VEGAS | 2016

I

N

N

O

V

A

T

\ˈi-nə-ˌvā-tiv\ adjective : (of a product, idea, etc.) featuring new methods; advanced and original. “innovative designs” : (of a person) introducing new ideas; original and creative in thinking. “an innovative thinker”

: WHY INVENT ON/ALONG THE 215? HOW DO YOU LOOK AT A TIRED SITE IN A NEW & EXCITING WAY? : WHAT HAS INNOVATION MEANT FOR LAS VEGAS?

SUMMER INTERN PROJECT | IN: LAS VEGAS | 2016

I

V

E

7

INNOVATION: IN LAS VEGAS DEMO THE OLD - MAKE WAY FOR THE NEW. 1946

1952 1953 1954 8

1955 1956 1957 1958 1959 1963

:The Pink Flamingo opens, built by notorious mobster Bugsy Siegel. It would become The Fabulous Flamingo in 1947, The Flamingo Hilton in 1974, and Flamingo Las Vegas in 1999. :The Sahara opens :The Sands opens on what would become the Venetian in 1999. :The Desert Rose Motel opens, at what would later become Monte Carlo. :Showboat Casino opens on Boulder Highway to become Castaways in 2000 and then close in 2004. :The Riviera opens, the first high-rise on the Strip. :The Dunes opens and lasts until 1993 when it is imploded to be replaced by Bellagio. :Hacienda opens and lasts until 1996 when it is imploded to make way for Mandalay Bay. :The Tropicana opens. :Sans Souci Hotel opens on the space which would later become The Mirage.

1964 1966 1968 1970 1971 1973

:The Stardust opens with the largest casino and swimming pool in Nevada, and the largest hotel in Las Vegas. It closes in 2006 and is imploded in 2007.

1974

:The Flamingo Capri opens and runs until 1979 when it becomes Imperial Palace.

1975

:Westward Ho opens and runs until 2005. :The Sans Souci Hotel becomes Castaways Casino in

1978

SUMMER INTERN PROJECT | IN: LAS VEGAS | 2016

the spot which would later become The Mirage. :Bonanza Casino opens at what would later be Bally’s. :Tally-Ho opens on the site that would later become Planet Hollywood. :Ernie’s Casino opens in North Las Vegas, and lasts until 2001, when it’s destroyed to make way for Wildfire Casino.

1979

:Tally-Ho becomes King’s Crown and then closes soon afterward.

1980

:Caesar’s Palace opens :Aladdin opens (formerly King’s Crown, and now Planet Hollywood).

1981

:Landmark opens (closes 1990, imploded 1995). :Circus Circus opens

1985

:The Western opens (closes 2012). :Union Plaza opens July 2 :The original MGM Grand is constructed where the Bonanza Casino used to be, and where Bally’s is now. :Holiday Casino opens, later to become Harrah’s :The Ambassador opens (later La Mirage and then Key Largo).

Frank Musso’s Restaurant and Joey’s New Yorker Nightclub, and the future site of the Casino Royale.

1987 1988 1989 1990

:The Fabulous Flamingo becomes The Flamingo Hilton. :The Marina Casino opens at what is now MGM Grand. :Nob Hill Casino opens on the former site of the

1992

: Flamingo Capri (not to be confused with the more well known Flamingo) becomes Imperial Palace. : Slots-a-Fun opens, the smallest casino on the Strip. : Vegas World opens and runs until 1995 (to be replaced by the Stratosphere in 1996). :The Ambassador became La Mirage :Sundance opens downtown (current site of The D). :A fire at the original MGM Grand kills 87 people. :The Continental Hotel and Casino (later Terrible’s, then Silver Sevens opens). :The original MGM Grand becomes Bally’s. (The MGM Grand would open at its current location in 1990). :Castaways closes, so the Mirage can be constructed. :Imperial Palace adds an 18-story hotel tower. :The Mirage opens, launching the megaresort era. :Marina becomes MGM Marina. :Excalibur opens. :Landmark closes (imploded in 1995; now part of the convention Center parking lot. :Nob Hill closes (to reopen in 1992 as Casino Royale). :Siegfried & Roy begin their run at the Mirage. :Casino Royale opens in the space of the former Nob Hill Casino. It buys the Travelodge next door for hotel space.

IMPLODED IS MY MIDDLE NAME. Ask any Las Vegas native about the culture in their city. They will tell you it has none. Unlike many other major metropolitan cities, Las Vegas is notorious for imploding buildings that may not even be more than fifty years old. How does a city expect to grow and sustain culture when its urban fabric is revamped every 40-50 years? Some may argue that within itself is Las Vegas’ culture. But imagine if we still had original casinos from the 1940s, 60s, even 80s. Imagine if we still grew outward from the original Strip line-up. Would it even be a ‘Strip” anymore? :Holiday Casino becomes Harrah’s :El Rancho closes (and is imploded in 2000 to make way for condos).

1993 :Treasure Island opens. :Luxor opens :MGM Grand opens (replacing Marina/MGM Marina) :The Dunes is imploded (to be replaced by Bellagio).

1995

:Vegas World closes (to be replaced by The Stratosphere in 1996). :Landmark imploded (imploded in 1990; now part of the convention center parking lot).

2000 2001

1997

:The Desert Inn is imploded (to be replaced by the Wynn). :Union Plaza becomes The Plaza.

:Westward Ho closes :The $2.7 billion Wynn Las Vegas opens, five years after Steve Wynn purchased the old Desert Inn. :The FTC approves the merger of MGM & Mandalay Bay, so now one company owns 9 strip casinos. :Key Largo near the Strip closes. :The Stratosphere removes the High Roller roller coaster, to make room for an outdoor observation deck.

2006 :The Stardust closes, and is imploded in 2007 (to be replaced by Echelon). :South Coast changed ownership, and its name, to South Point. :Gold Spike removes its table games. :The Boardwalk is imploded to make way for City Center. :San Remo becomes Hooters. :Lady Luck downtown closes.

1999

SUMMER INTERN PROJECT | IN: LAS VEGAS | 2016

becomes

2005

:Bellagio opens on the site of the former Dunes. :The Venetian opens. :Paris opens. :Mandalay Bay opens. :The Flamingo Hotel becomes Flamingo Las Vegas :Sahara adds a roller coaster, SPEED.

Highway)

:Mandalay Bay’s second tower THEhotel opens. :The Las Vegas Club changes its name to Vegas Club but they don’t change the sign outside. :Castaways on Boulder Highway closes.

:New York New York opens. :The Aladdin closes and is imploded in 1998, to be replaced by a newer version of The Aladdin.

1998

2008

2004

1996 :Monte Carlo opens (replacing the Desert Rose Motel). Magician Lance Burton has been the featured performer since the opening. :The Stratosphere opens :The Sands closes and is imploded (to be replaced by the Venetian in 1999). :Hacienda closes and is imploded (to be replaced

by Mandalay Bay in 1999). The casino had started in 1956.

:The rebuilt Aladdin opens. :Showboat (on Boulder Castaways.

2007 :The New Frontier closes and is imploded in November. Plans were to build a new property called the Las Vegas Plaza. :The Aladdin becomes Planet Hollywood. :Barbary Coast becomes Bill’s Gamblin Hall. :The Stardust is imploded

2009 2010

:Encore opens. :Aliante Station opens. :Eastside Cannery opens. :Palazzo opens. :Aria opens :Treasure Island, formerly a MGM property is sold to Phil Ruffin for $775 million. :Cosmopolitan opens and begins the new era of casino & hotel branding in Las Vegas. :Harrah’s Entertainment changes its name to Caesars Entertainment Corp.

2011 :Sahara closes.

2012

2013

2014 2015 2016

:Imperial Palace becomes The Quad. :O’Sheas closes to be replaced The Linq, a restaurant and entertainment district, which may house a new O’Sheas inside. :Fitzgeralds becomes The D. :The Western closes. :Las Vegas Hilton becomes LVH. :Downtown Grand opens at the old Lady Luck (2006) site. :Gold Spike closes and reopens as a restaurant & bar (no casino). :Bill’s Gamblin’ Hall closes, planned to re-open as The Cromwell. :LVH becomes Westgate. :SLS opening. :Clarion Hotel imploded. :Riviera Resort imploded.

9

10

SUMMER INTERN PROJECT | IN: LAS VEGAS | 2016

11

SUMMER INTERN PROJECT | IN: LAS VEGAS | 2016

1

2

3

4

5

12

8

9

11

10 SUMMER INTERN PROJECT | IN: LAS VEGAS | 2016

6 7

1

Used to be the Hacienda (imploded)

2

Used to be the Desert Rose Motel

3

Used to be the Boardwalk Hotel and Casino (imploded)

4

Used to be the Dunes Hotel and Casino (imploded)

5

One of the “original” Strip casinos

6

Used to be Sans Hotel and Casino (imploded) Then became Castaways Hotel and Casino

7

Used to be Vegas World

8

One of the “original” Strip casinos

9

Used to be Tally-Ho. Then became The Alladin, then The New Alladin.

Used to be Bonanza Hotel and Casino.

10 Then became the original MGM.

11 One of the “original” Strip casinos 12 Used to be The Famous Sands Casino

13 12

13

SUMMER INTERN PROJECT | IN: LAS VEGAS | 2016

13

THE STRIP. 1950 - 2016

REACHED MATURITY - UNSTABLE FUTURE POTENTIAL ONLY FOR FACELIFTS AND NIP-N-TUCKS

7/1950

5/1965

6/1977

4/1990

5/2002

4/2003

6/2003

8/2003

3/2004

10/2005

9/2006

6/2007

2/2008

6/2009

1/2010

3/2010

9/2010

5/2011

2/2014

4/2014

5/2015

3/2016

14

6/2012

SUMMER INTERN PROJECT | IN: LAS VEGAS | 2016

?

THE CORRIDOR. 1950 - 2016

GROWING ADOLESCENT - STABLE FUTURE POTENTIAL FOR MULTI-DIMENSIONAL EXPANSION

7/1950

5/1965

6/1977

4/1990

5/2002

4/2003

6/2003

8/2003

3/2004

10/2005

9/2006

6/2007

2/2008

6/2009

1/2010

3/2010

9/2010

5/2011

15

6/2012

2/2014

SUMMER INTERN PROJECT | IN: LAS VEGAS | 2016

4/2014

5/2015

3/2016

!

GCENTENNIAL. 7.1% + I like how close it is to the mountains + I like the bus route + Plenty of food places + Clean, growing, everything I need

NORTH LAS VEGAS. 7.1% — The dirt — Too much traffic- hard to get to work DOWNTOWN. 0.0%

— I do not like how far it is from work — No mall

SUMMERLIN. 25.0% + Great location + Well kept up + Convenient access to amenities + Culture

WHITNEY. 3.6% — Far drive from most places SUNRISE. 0.0%

— Long way from the office

16

— No beach

SOUTHEAST. 10.7%

+ Spacious building complexes + Lots of natural daylight in my home

GREEN VALLEY+HENDERSON 17.9%

— Little potential today

+ Affordable rent + Easy access to work and amenities + A lot of bike lanes + Best schools + Good, safe community (not boujie!)

— Not pedestrian friendly and only 1 bus route

— Needs to catch up with Summerlin with respect to food

— Lack of shading devices and seating areas outside

— Hate driving East

— Too many homeless people

— Not enough martini bars

SOUTHWEST. 21.4% + Quiet, good, secure neighborhood + Low rent + Convenient access to amenities + Far away from the Strip + Beautiful mountain views

ANTHEM. 7.1% + Quiet, good, secure neighborhood

— No convenient access to amenities — Not enough diversity

— Strip malls

SUMMER INTERN PROJECT | IN: LAS VEGAS | 2016

— No convenient access to amenities — Far from work

BOULDER CITY. 0.0%

CENTENNIAL. 7.1%

NORTH LAS VEGAS. 7.1%

SUNRISE. 0.0%

SUMMERLIN + S. SUMMERLIN + LAKES. 25.0% DOWNTOWN. 0.0%

17

SOUTH WEST + SPRING VALLEY. 21.4%

SOUTHEAST. 10.7%

WHITNEY. 3.6%

GREEN VALLEY + HENDERSON. 17.9%

ANTHEM. 7.1% BOULDER CITY. 0.0%

SUMMER INTERN PROJECT | IN: LAS VEGAS | 2016

THE LEFTOVERS. WHAT INSPIRED US

The spaces that attracted us along this extensive corrdior were the leftovers: the spaces in between the highway and the road. These spaces have an undesirable adjacency with the highway; They are the rejects, and stand in complete juxtaposition to the existent infrastructure. They are pedestrian in scale and “slower” in character (in comparison to the 60mph highway, they are the very image of stagnancy).

Furthermore, the 215 is considered to be “middle of nowhere:” not a destination, but rather a means to an end. By choosing sites that are adjacent to this means, we hope to make commuters reconsider their daily routine (another opposition: the highway represents the daily and mundane, whereas the leftovers represent the eventful and spontaneous): we hope to introduce the new type of the “everyday-exciting.” This is something that is sorely lacking in for the locals of Las Vegas, who are frustrated by the city’s lack of genius loci beyond the the fluid Strip. This very advantage, also contributes to the greatest challenge of the design : we are NOT designing a building, so what would pull people out of their cars, for what is essentially a landscape?

18

SUMMER INTERN PROJECT | IN: LAS VEGAS | 2016

19

SUMMER INTERN PROJECT | IN: LAS VEGAS | 2016

couch

billboards

drainage swale

jersey barriers (+Brenda)

sloped walls

chain link fences

20

TAXONOMY. ELEMENTS AND TEXTURES SPOTTED DURING 215 ADVENTURES

What we discovered on our visits to the Beltway, is that even banale and everyday objects (like a couch or a chain-link fence) become sculptural and striking, within this unique landscape. The area epitomizes the juxtaposition of city and landscape - the dominant highway exemplifying the former, and the expanses of natural textures, the latter. What materials already exist on the site?

Do these already have the potential to translate into something architectural? What are the design “conventions” of the desert? We noticed here almost a resurgence of Venturi-Scott Brown’s decorated shed typology, with the architecture in itself lacking the symbolism to convey purpose - Retail? Office? Storage warehouse? The taxonomy of elements and textures peppering the landscape, almost contribute to a catalog of new-age ducks.

SUMMER INTERN PROJECT | IN: LAS VEGAS | 2016

drainage inlet

property lining rocks

abandoned machines

telephone poles

street signs

ELEMENTS. 215

water

brush

small rocks

SUMMER INTERN PROJECT | IN: LAS VEGAS | 2016

medium rocks

large rocks

concrete

metal

TEXTURES. 215

21

22

SUMMER INTERN PROJECT | IN: LAS VEGAS | 2016

02

I N T E R V E N T I O N /ˌin(t)ərˈven(t)SH(ə)n/ noun : the action or process of intervening. : interference by a country in another’s affairs. : action taken to improve a situation, especially a medical disorder.

: WHAT SITE CONDITIONS ARE WE INTERVENING IN? AS DESIGNERS, HOW DO WE INTERVENE WHILE TAKING INTO CONSIDERATION FUTURE ENVISIONED INTERVENTIONS?

SUMMER INTERN PROJECT | IN: LAS VEGAS | 2016

23

ZONING. LAS VEGAS AS A WHOLE

This section examines the division of Las Vegas as a whole (The City of Las Vegas, The City of North Las Vegas, Henderson, Enterprise, Spring Mountain...) into programs and typologies. The purpose of this is to deduce the potential of the Beltway in comparison to the rest of the county. Is there already something inherent in this site that would attract people away from the rest of Las Vegas? Is this site intended to be different from the rest of the county? What is the programmatic relationship between this corridor and the strip/other dense areas? Is there scope for a new transportation (automobile or pedestrian) network latent in these cartographies?

ZONING. 215 BELTWAY

When one looks at the strip, this connection is brought about by the monorail, a touristic infrastructure that links separate yet interdependent programs. Do such synergistic spaces exist along the Beltway that can enable local connectivity? We know what the several built spaces are, but with such large expanses of vacant land, it is necessary to project what types these spaces will be occupied by. Is the growth stable? Can these future types co-exist naturally? Or will a communal node be required to galvanize the myriad spaces around it?

24

WHAT’S NEXT? THE DESIGN.

Zoning provides us with the potential to identify what sites can be connected: (A) Within the Beltway

(B) From the Beltway to the rest of the city

LAS VEGAS

BELTWAY 1

BELTWAY 2 BELTWAY

*IN LAS VEGAS will be discussing (A) Within the Beltway with opportunities to apply methods to (B) Rest of the city.

SUMMER INTERN PROJECT | IN: LAS VEGAS | 2016

25

SUMMER INTERN PROJECT | IN: LAS VEGAS | 2016

LAS VEGAS

BELTWAY

26

VACANCY. LAS VEGAS Lease signs, abandoned low rise buildings, and vast asphalt landscapes are a common occurrence along the tendrils that emulate from city centers across America. The post World War II mindset wreaked havoc upon our natural environment, and caused a lengthy migration of the wealthy into the rural suburbs of major metropolises.

More recently, the trend has been reversed with a return of dense development to the city center. Cities along both the east and west coast have flourished with vast increase of concentrated wealth, while cities in mid-America have struggled with this readjustment to the prominence of the urban nucleus.

With this re-orientation of architectural and infrastructural focus, there is also the unfortunate consequence of the suburbs being neglected. At the same time suburban sprawl continues to intensify (especially among the American middle class). This creates a strange tension between the richer, saturated, more touristic centers and the sparser, ever growing, local peripheries. One of the most interesting American cities that exemplifies this conflict is Las Vegas, Nevada.

Vacant land Developed land

SUMMER INTERN PROJECT | IN: LAS VEGAS | 2016

DENSITY. LAS VEGAS The urban center of Las Vegas has reached it’s maximum capacity.

Although there are some vacant lots that pepper the interior (in Downtown Las Vegas, for example), there is no unoccupied space momentous enough to initiate social change; something paralleling the Strip (but nothing like the Strip!) would be required to change the way that occupants of Las Vegas function. The tourist demographic has always, and will always be attracted to the “makeovers” of the Strip, but where do the locals go?

VACANCY + DENSITY !

215 BELTWAY

These maps indicate that approximately 46% of all vacant lots in Clark County, are located in the SW region alone (even though this region comprises only 15% of the county). Infill is inevitable with suburban sprawl, and the unstable oversaturation of the strip.

With the recent trend towards cultivating open public spaces however, this corridor has the tremendous potential to be densified more consciously. How can the 215 corridor be economically successful for current and future businesses, and still promote the idea of community and intimacy?

SUMMER INTERN PROJECT | IN: LAS VEGAS | 2016

27

BELTWAY 2

VACANCY. STRIP

BELTWAY 1

VACANCY. 215

28

SUMMER INTERN PROJECT | IN: LAS VEGAS | 2016

DENSITY. STRIP (sand)

SUMMER INTERN PROJECT | IN: LAS VEGAS | 2016

DENSITY. 215

29

LAS VEGAS

BELTWAY

30

SUMMER INTERN PROJECT | IN: LAS VEGAS | 2016

Attraction to SW highways

Attraction to rail

Attraction to SW dense urban areas

31

MANUFACTURING. LAS VEGAS Manufacturing in Las Vegas is native to the existing railroad path. Most industrial sites are located adjacent to the railroad path behind the Strip to the southwest.

We see these industrial sites creep onto the beginning of the 215 intersection near Town Square and the tail end of the Strip. This has given way to current existing businesses along the 215 who classify as manufacturing/industrial sites.

M-1 Light manufacturing M-2 Industrial manufacturing M-D Designed manufacturing

SUMMER INTERN PROJECT | IN: LAS VEGAS | 2016

LAS VEGAS

BELTWAY

32

C-1 Local business district C-2 General commericial district C-P Office and Professional district

SUMMER INTERN PROJECT | IN: LAS VEGAS | 2016

COMMERCIAL. LAS VEGAS Much like manufacturing facilities, commercial types are attracted to the lifeline of the highway. Furthermore, these zones line the gridded main streets, taking advantage of the needs of dense, local, suburban communities.

Although in reality, there are not as many of these spaces in Southwest Las Vegas as the map would suggest, there is a definite indication that the area is primed for commercial development in the near future. This would be spawned by the availability of the prominent highway network, which provides for easy accessibility to adjacent spaces (current and projected).

G-

QUESTION : WHAT IS YOUR FAVORITE STORE?

The opening of IKEA at the intersection of Durango and Sunset, is certainly a precedent for such commercial expansion along the 215. In fact, IKEA spent $21.3 million for the parcel, which works out to about $819,000 an acre — considerably more than land is going for these days market-wide. The reason for this large investment was that the site will be beneficial for their business model (isolated from the the urban center, yet well connected within a fast-growing city). One must recognize however, that many people still prefer smaller, more local stores (G-talk). Thus, commercial spaces in this highly suburban region would need to take the more “intimate” needs of the locals into consideration (i.e. new development must have the mom-and-pop feel that the people of the region are accustomed to — not just another touristic LV Strip store).

One would think that people would be deterred from shopping in person with the advent of convenient and economical on-line retailers (like Amazon), but it seems that people still enjoy the communal and “personal” experience of visiting a store. At the same time, the value of convenience cannot be denied, with many people preferring one-stop-shops (like Walmart, Target etc) for their store of choice (G-talk).

In summary, 215 commercial = convenient = accessible = “intimate” = local

Food Home Improvement Retail Sporting Goods Flea markets One-stop-shop Music/tech

QUESTION : WHERE DO YOU BUY FURNITURE?

Mom-and-Pop/Vintage stores I don’t buy furniture Target RC Wiley Homegoods Online

Attraction to highways

SUMMER INTERN PROJECT | IN: LAS VEGAS | 2016

Attraction to main streets in the South

IKEA Misc.

33

34

-CVS Pharmacy -Wells Fargo -Ecowash Automotive Center -Platinum Mobile Detailing -Del Taco -Hooters -Carlitos Way Smoke Shop -Scooter Nation -The Spice Outlet -DR Vita -Autonomy Technology Inc -Rock It Out Hair and Makeup -Carl’s Jr -Big O Tires -Raising Canes -Ultimate Motor-sports -Interlink Supply -Raw Fitness Las Vegas -Rock n Jump -l-Oracle -BILT by Agassi and Reyes -Central Admixture Pharmacy Services -CBS Radio Las Vegas -98.5 KLUC -GES Exposition Services -Everi -Arroyo Market Square

2

warm springs

-Bank of America -Rainsprings Dental Group and Orthodontics -Cricket wireless authorized retailer -Starbucks -CFN Fuel -Fleet fueling -McDonald’s -Egg Works -Citi Bank ATM -7-eleven -Metro PCS -Diversity Tattoo Body Piercing -Cavity Busters Dentistry 4 kids

jones

warm springs

rainbow

3

rainbow

BELTWAY 2

buffalo

BELTWAY 1

-Cavity Busters Dentistry 4 kids -Xpress cuts & Rapunzel reinvented -Straight up tanning -Einstein Bagels -Tobacco leaf -The Noodle Man -Procure Pharmacy -Best Mattress -Sharky’s -State Farm agent -Rocco’s NY pizza and pasta -Shija Eyebrows Threading -Green World Cleaners

6

5 4

3 The Best Opportunities for Growth #1,2,3

SUMMER INTERN PROJECT | IN: LAS VEGAS | 2016

2

2

1

7 1

SUMMER INTERN PROJECT | IN: LAS VEGAS | 2016

warm springs

-Switch SUPERNAP 7 -Graybar -NV Energy -Brady Institute -United States Citizenship and Immigration services -ARCO -AM/PM -SCE FCU-Southwest Branch -Taco Bell -Tire Works -Total Car Care -Jones Liquor -Don Tor Taco Mexican Grill -Soho Sushi Bowl -Starbucks -Port of Subs -The Nail Affair -Smart City Networks -KB Home -Home Design Studio -True Identity -Angel Management Group -Hilton Grand Vacations -Global experience Specialists -Advantage Warehouse -Dawn Food Products -American Olean Marazzi Sales Service -SYNLawn of Nevada -IMC-Interceramic marble collection -PRA Location Services LLC -MGM resorts international -Yamaha of Las Vegas

decatur

jones

-Drago sisters bakery -Reflection nails and spa -Neon Computers -Nationwide Insurance -ABC Hyundai -Uber Inspection lot -Gaudin Ford -Findlay Chevrolet -MMC -Brazilian Gold -South Vegas Crossfit -Purafilter 2000 -In-house production -Stream planet -Ecolab -Peterlik USA -Saleyla -T-bird lounge -Beltway boat and RV self storage -Pinehurst Apartments -Tesla

1-2-3 SOUTH 215 The current urban fabric of the south side of 215 has the most potential for pedestrian growth. It contains a mixed use of business and pockets of residential nodes. What we think is over abundantly vacant, is actually very much alive. There are over 100 different businesses in these three pockets.

4-5-6-7 NORTH 215 The north side of the 215 is less intimately connected with the freeway, as business fronts come very close to existing setbacks. Although there is still potential for growth on the north side of 215, it is less attractive for the pedestrian.

35

BELTWAY 1

BELTWAY 2

Public Open land Institutional Industrial Business and Design Research Park Professional Office General Commercial Neighborhood Commercial Tourist Commercial Suburban Residential Low Residential Medium Residential

36

High Residential Residential Urban Center Rural Neighborhood

Public Open land Institutional Industrial Business and Design Research Park Professional Office General Commercial Neighborhood Commercial Tourist Commercial Suburban Residential Low Residential Medium Residential High Residential Residential Urban Center Rural Neighborhood

PLANNED TYPES. 215 The beltway has a plethora of planned uses. The proposed ‘Business and Design Research Park’ program, clings to the E-W Beltway. Similarly, the ‘General Commercial’ spaces gravitate towards the N-S Beltway. Adjacency to the highway is naturally paramount to the success of these zones. Their continuity almost suggests a ‘theme park’ like configuration - expanses of singular program that can form a new hub or center.

The plan also indicates the heavy suburban population that is offset from this highway - residents of the area want proximity to and connectivity with the highway, but also a safe distance to ensure privacy, intimacy, and security. These suburban communities are peppered with recreational public and open spaces .

Is it possible to pull these residents inwards (much like the Strip does for tourists), in order to create a highway-adjacent public space that stitches together the people and programs on both sides of the highway?

SUMMER INTERN PROJECT | IN: LAS VEGAS | 2016

37

SUMMER INTERN PROJECT | IN: LAS VEGAS | 2016

38

SUMMER INTERN PROJECT | IN: LAS VEGAS | 2016

03

I N T E R S T I T I A L /ˌin(t)ərˈstiSHəl/ noun : of, forming, or occupying interstices. : (of minute animals) living in the spaces between individual sand grains in the soil or aquatic sediments.

: HOW CAN LAS VEGAS AS A WHOLE (MACRO) INFLUENCE THE INTERSTITIAL (MICRO) SCALE?

SUMMER INTERN PROJECT | IN: LAS VEGAS | 2016

39

MAN VS. LAS VEGAS AS A WHOLE

This section examines macro-factors of machine (i.e. transport) and nature (i.e. climate). These are factors of critical importance in a city like Las Vegas, where communal activities are deterred by either one’s unhealthy dependence on the automobile and/or the inhospitable summer temperatures. The aim is to deduce how man interacts with these and how they can be subsequently manipulated to create a more successful communal intervention.

MAN VS. 215 BELTWAY

The large scale trends and networks birth ideas regarding the use of and intervention within the site. Is there public transportation available along the site? The site has adjacent bike routes - are people riding bikes here? What can we learn from transport or climate-response strategies applied successfully on the Strip that can be applied here? We hope to identify the problems of the site (for example, does this area flood?), in order to propose design solutions at a macro-urban and micro-interstitial scale.

40

MAN

MACHINE

* The intensity of color on the maps corresponds with the intensity of use (i.e. deep purple = heavy use, pale blue = sparse use)

SUMMER INTERN PROJECT | IN: LAS VEGAS | 2016

MAN

NATURE

41

SUMMER INTERN PROJECT | IN: LAS VEGAS | 2016

MAN

MACHINE

42

SUMMER INTERN PROJECT | IN: LAS VEGAS | 2016

QUESTION : DO YOU EXERCISE? WHERE?

G-

Other 2 min

WALKING. LAS VEGAS (LOL) From sinewy dancers to hulking bodybuilders, Las Vegas is home to physiques that turn heads.

Some use their bodies to perform amazing feats onstage. Others inspire with unconventional beauty and confidence. There is a unique tension that exists in the city: on one hand one is able to indulge in all the luxuries the city’s hospitality-driven culture has to offer, on the other hand there is a human and architectural tendency to keep up appearances.

Transport 35 min Las Vegas 51 min active/day Exercise outdoors Exercise at the gym

Walking 47 min

Not at all

QUESTION : HOW DOES THE AVERAGE CITY RESIDENT MOVE?

Biking 2 min

QUESTION : HOW DOES THE AVERAGE LAS VEGAS RESIDENT MOVE?

Other 2 min

Other 30 min

Transport 35 min

Transport 39 min

Las Vegas 51 min active/day

Average city 50 min active/day

Walking 47 min

Running 1 min

Walking 16 min

Biking 4 min

SUMMER INTERN PROJECT | IN: LAS VEGAS | 2016

Biking 2 min

Despite the fact that Las Vegas is a quintessential 43 American-car-city, there seems to be a trend towards fitness among its residents (G-talk).

A fair number even claim to exercise outside, despite the inhospitable summer weather.

Furthermore, the Average Joe in Vegas walks 31 minutes more than an average city-dweller (Joe Sixpack!). This has significant architectural and design potential in the city - maybe hotels have already tapped into this, because many of them have recently been focusing on the creation of more elaborate and consciously planned and integrated exterior spaces.

MAN

MACHINE

44

SUMMER INTERN PROJECT | IN: LAS VEGAS | 2016

Humans walk 3.1 mph

45 1

1 2 2

2 1

IKEA > Town square Banks > Credit One new building Arroyo North Business Center > Arroyo Shopping Center > Arroyo South Business Center St. Rose Hospital > Born and Raised Bar > Mike Ferry Life Coaching Apartments > Condos > Apartments Eos Gym > Nevada Trails Park

1 hour 25 minutes 11 minutes 11 minutes + 9 minutes 3 minutes + 5 minutes 17 minutes + 24 minutes 31 minutes

Tech./Design/Corporate offices > Corporate offices

6 minutes

Ford > Tesla

7 minutes

SUMMER INTERN PROJECT | IN: LAS VEGAS | 2016

MAN

MACHINE

46

SUMMER INTERN PROJECT | IN: LAS VEGAS | 2016

QUESTION : DO YOU LIKE RIDING BIKES? IF YES, WHAT IS YOUR IDEAL BIKE-RIDING ENVIRONMENT?

BIKING. LAS VEGAS

GYes! Love it No....

Not opposed to it I don’t own a bike Downhill ONLY!

QUESTION : WHAT PERCENTAGE LAS VEGANS RIDE THEIR BIKES WEEKLY?

85.3% of Las Vegas residents use their bikes less than 1% of the time (weekly)

SUMMER INTERN PROJECT | IN: LAS VEGAS | 2016

Leaving a fast-food joint with breakfast, you stop at a light. As you check the contents of the carb-chocked bag on your lap, you notice a slight bulge of belly hanging over your seat belt. You look up just in time to see a pack of cyclists whizz by, logoed spandex stretched over lean legs.

“I gotta get in shape,” you think to yourself, “but that’s not me. I’ll never get up at 5 a.m., put on that goofy gear and risk my life racing around these dangerous streets for two hours.

Las Vegas isn’t a bike-friendly town; there’s nowhere to ride; it’s too dangerous/expensive/ geeky/mechanically challenging/HOT!” The RTC has not only taken several steps to 47 improve biking infrastructure for athletes and serious riders, but also for the recreational rider by the provision of short, scenic paths.

Despite these efforts however, biking in Las Vegas seems senseless to most, even those who enjoy biking (G-talk).

The 215 Beltway Bicycle Trail runs alongside the freeway. It’s away from the cars on the freeway, but follows the same path. The perception of the trail is that it is a bit isolated, and so people are often hesitant to traverse what would otherwise be a uniquely scenic bike route.

Furthermore, the lack of intermittent shade deters bikers during the summer months.

MAN

MACHINE

“FRIENDLINESS”. MAPPING BIKING CAPABILITIES IN LAS VEGAS

An estimated 10% of Las Vegas streets are bike friendly. The first 3 maps below show the large number of streets that have exclusively designated bike lanes (physically separated from automobiles, hence safer). Strangely, several people cite the unavailability of these as the reason they do not bike in Las Vegas (G-talk). It seems however, that the RTC is unable to successfully market this unique aspect of the city to locals. In order to facilitate more biking, a new means of communication would have to be devised (simply, an app?) that provides this basic information to the interested biker, along with a more interactive experience (Where are the trails? Where can I rest? Which portions are shaded? What is the length? Will my friends be there? Is there a cool biking event/race? Are there interesting checkpoints/”goals”?).

Bicycle Route - Bike > Car

14’ min

48

1.5’

Bicycle Lane - Bike portion designated and separated

Bicycle Route - Bike > Car

14’ min

Bicycle Route - Bike > Car

14’ min

1.5’

4’ min 1.5’

1.5’

Shared-Use Path - Biker/jogger/skater etc. separated from car by open space or barrier

Bicycle Lane - Bike portion designated and separated

12’ min

4’ min 1.5’

Bicycle Lane - Bike portion designated and separated

SUMMER INTERN PROJECT | IN: LAS VEGAS | 2016

Shared-Use Path - Biker/jogger/skater etc. separated from car by open space or barrier

Bicycle Compatible Street - Bike = Car 14’ min

14’ min

1.5’

Bicycle Route - Bike > Car

14’ min

Bicycle Lane - Bike portion designated and separated

4’ min 1.5’

1.5’

Bicycle Lane - Bike portion designated and separated

Shared-Use Path - Biker/jogger/skater etc. separated from car by open space or barrier

4’ min 1.5’

12’ min

Shared-Use Path - Biker/jogger/skater etc. separated from car by open space or barrier 12’ min

14’ min 14’ min

Bicycle Compatible Street - Bike = Car 14’ min 14’ min

Bicycle Compatible Street - Bike = Car

1.5’

Bicycles Prohibited - Freeway

SUMMER INTERN PROJECT | IN: LAS VEGAS | 2016

1.5’

Bicycles Prohibited - Freeway

49

MACHINE

CAR DENSITY. STRIP

MAN

CAR DENSITY. 215

50

SUMMER INTERN PROJECT | IN: LAS VEGAS | 2016

DRIVING. LAS VEGAS In 1920, with the world’s most extensive network of urban streetcar systems and intercity passenger trains, Americans traveled an average of 2,000 miles per year by transit or trains. Today, the average American travels seven times that many miles by auto. This mobility has given Americans access to far more opportunities. Moreover, it is far more evenly distributed, as 92 percent of American families today own at least one auto, while eighty years ago most people only rarely traveled by train.

Ever since the introduction of General Motors’ LaSalle to the automobile market, American culture has been a tug of war between the practical and the pretentious, the frugal versus the flamboyant, haute cuisine versus hot wings.

Driving one’s own car is today seen as an almost erotic pleasure. We are all addicted, concerned that our cars give us our identity. In Las Vegas, even traveling short distances is daunting without a car. This is brought on by the inhospitable summer temperatures, the deceptive sprawl of infrastructure, and the lack of efficient/safe public transportation.

Although we as designers hope for the re-orientation towards the pedestrian realm, we must acknowledge that variables like easy access and availability of parking, are pivotal deciding factors for Las Vegans. Any pedestrian-focused intervention must provide for these “mobility safety blankets” to get people to walk/bike.

51

SUMMER INTERN PROJECT | IN: LAS VEGAS | 2016

MAN

MACHINE

52

SUMMER INTERN PROJECT | IN: LAS VEGAS | 2016

00:41

00:33

00:25

00:16

00:08

00:00

LEVEL +1

LEVEL +0

LEVEL -1 ???

SUMMER INTERN PROJECT | IN: LAS VEGAS | 2016

53

MAN

MACHINE

54

SUMMER INTERN PROJECT | IN: LAS VEGAS | 2016

QUESTION : YOU RUN OUT OF GAS. THE CLOSEST GAS STATION IS 20 MINUTES AWAY BY FOOT. IT IS 115 DEGREES OUTSIDE. WHAT DO YOU DO?

UBER. LAS VEGAS From grabbing a drink in DTLV with friends, to heading out for a round of golf in Summerlin, to running an errand in Henderson — your life just got a whole lot easier. You’re a few taps away from getting to your destination seamlessly and safely with Uber.

GCall a friend or family Hide in the shade Uber/Lyft Cab Walk Find a bar Hitchhike

QUESTION : HOW DO YOU NAVIGATE? GOOGLE MAPS? UBER? GPS? MAPQUEST? (WHAT IS MAPQUEST.....)

WAYZ Google maps GPS The stars Wing it Misc.

SUMMER INTERN PROJECT | IN: LAS VEGAS | 2016

Uber’s business model hinges on the convenience that the app interface allows users. This is particularly opportunistic in a city like Las Vegas, where suburban sprawl is rapid.

The app has thus enabled residents in the peripheral suburbs overcome the handicap of not owning a car (a rare but present condition).

As the map indicates, currently most Uber trips 55 are to and from the Strip, but there is also an indication that residents on the outskirts have started to use the service. The advent Uber (and other services like it) has introduced in Las Vegas the basic notion of reliable, public connectivity, something that the city sorely lacks.

The introduction for designated car service and/or taxi spaces (like the hotels on the Strip have), at the peripheries of Las Vegas, could in itself, initiate the creation of a more public and communal realm.

MAN

MACHINE

56

SUMMER INTERN PROJECT | IN: LAS VEGAS | 2016

Q

QUESTION : WHAT PERCENTAGE LAS VEGANS RIDE THEIR BIKES WEEKLY?

BUSES. LAS VEGAS

G44% of Las Vegas residents use the bus less than 1% of the time (weekly)

QUESTION : HOW MUCH TIME WOULD IT TAKE TO YOU FROM THE LV GENSLER OFFICE TO YOUR HOME BY BUS? (For most, this is a 20-30 minute drive)

Q: +A:

- W Warm Springs & N Green Valley Parkway - S Eastern Avenue & Wigwam Parkway -Blue Diamond & Buffalo - W Ann Road & US 95 - W Azure & N Durango - E Desert Inn Rd & Maryland Parkway - S Torrey Pines & W Flamingo Rd - E Silverado Ranch Blvd & Bermuda Rd - St Rose Parkway & S Eastern Ave - W Cactus Ave & Southern Highlands Parkway - W Craig Rd & N Commerce St - Canyon Run Dr & N Town Center Dr - Alta & Rainbow - N Hollywood Blvd & E Charleston Blvd

SUMMER INTERN PROJECT | IN: LAS VEGAS | 2016

1 hour, 21 minutes 16 minute walk + 3 buses 1 hour, 11 minutes 8 minute walk + 2 buses ----1 hour, 27 minutes 2 buses + 8 minute walk 1 hour, 15 minutes 2 buses 16 minutes 6 minutes walk + 1 bus 35 minutes 9 minute walk + 1 bus 1 hour, 42 minutes 6 minute walk + 3 buses 1 hour, 12 minutes 10 minute walk + 3 buses ----1 hour , 34 minutes 2 buses + 22 minute walk 1 hour, 47 minutes 17 minute walk + 3 buses 1 hour, 4 minutes 10 minute walk + 2 buses 1 hour, 29 minutes 2 buses + 19 minute walk

Las Vegas, like many other American cities, lacks usable and efficient public transportation.

Locals seem to think that the bus is home to the homeless (a common sight for the few that have actually ridden the bus during their lifetime). There are some lines like the Deuce and the Strip-Downtown Express, which are in better shape, and run far more frequently. These buses however, are almost exclusively used by tourists. Much like the Las Vegas monorail, these are a means for marketing leisure, rather than providing connectivity beyond the narrow expanse of the Strip.

The more local buses take 10-15 times longer than car travel (and include several transfers 57 along the way), so there is really no incentive for Las Vegans to make the shift towards public transport.

What could be successful however, is the inclusion of designated shuttle bus services (limited stops + focused destination). The New York City IKEA has such a free shuttle, which makes it easy for the careless population (75% of NYC) to make it to IKEA’s isolated Brooklyn site. The local businesses along the 215 could also sponsor a similar “mobile intervention.”

MAN

MACHINE

Las vegas Strip Monorail mandalay Bay / Excalibur Tram Bellagio / Monte Carlo Tram Mirage / Treasure Island Tram

58

SUMMER INTERN PROJECT | IN: LAS VEGAS | 2016

Q

QUESTION : WHEN WAS THE LAST TIME YOU VISITED THE STRIP? (BONUS DAY DOESN’T COUNT)

THE MONORAIL. LAS VEGAS (BUT NOT REALLY LAS VEGAS) “The relatively low visual and impact of the straddle monorail structure on urban environments is perhaps its greatest potential asset.”

G1+ year ago / Never A couple of months ago (<1 year) Within the last month Within the last week

Q: +A: SUMMER INTERN PROJECT | IN: LAS VEGAS | 2016

QUESTION : WHAT DO YOU THINK ABOUT TOURISTS IS LAS VEGAS?

“ They help our economy. At the same time they can be a little irritating, thinking that being in Las Vegas gives them the right to act super crazy ” “ Thank you for the money. Happy to show them our city ” “ Watch where the heck you are going. Get out of my way ” “ They suck and can’t drive ” “ Tourists are great. I like meeting people from different places ” “ Those that come to enjoy outdoors and shopping are nice. The ones clubbing and doing stupid things are ridiculous ” “ As architects we help create the spaces where they stay and leisure ” “ Love them... as long as I don’t have to deal with them ” “ The class of the Las Vegas visitor has gone down in the last 20 years. The wants, desires and needs are different than they used to be. It’s more of a carnival atmosphere ” “ They are the worst thing on the face of the entire Earth and should be scourged ” “ Annoying happy people ” “ I think they are crazy and obnoxious ” “ Fun to watch ” “ We are all one sometime in our life ” “ They are the best because they pay our taxes ”

The convenience of a monorail is unparalleled by any other transportation infrastructure.

This is exemplary along the Strip, where it provides respite from the congested streets.

In Las Vegas, it also rather uniquely becomes a chameleon of its context, imbibing the glitz and the flash from the hotels that it serves. Does it serve to complete the analogy of the decorated shed in a contemporary context (the monorail 59 is the signage, and the Strip Hotel it feeds into is now the shed)? Or is it an interpretation of a duck - it is in itself an architecture, symbolic of its own function.

The monorail network is undoubtedly limited, its agenda more to deliver tourists in style, to equally attractive destinations, as opposed to providing a means of public transport. It does however, try to mask this shortcoming by providing locals with discounted tickets.

The 215 Beltway is twice the length of the Strip, and so the introduction of this secondary (or new primary?) infrastructure will enable much needed inter and intra suburban and urban connectivity. Furthermore, like on the Strip, this moving billboard can be utilized to imitate and market its surroundings. It’s elevated position would make this especially effective in attracting highway passers-by.

MAN

NATURE

1.

ENVIRONMENTAL MAPPING: CLIMATE ANALYSIS LOCATION AND REFERENCE POINT LOCATION

STREET 850 Las Vegas Blvd. N.

CITY Las Vegas

STATE NV

POSTAL CODE 89101

COUNTRY USA

LATITUDE / LONGITUDE 36° 4’6”N, 115°16’52”W REFERENCE POINT Las Vegas McCarran Intl. Airport

REFERENCE POINT * Meteorological data reference point

TIME ZONE 8

LATITUDE / LONGITUDE 36.08° North,115.15° West

DATA SOURCE TMY3 723860 WMO Station Number

ELEVATION 2125 ft Project Location (Nevada)

Project Location (Site)

SITE-SPECIFIC ENVIRONMENTAL GRAPHS International International Date Date Line Line

2.

Project Location (Clark County / Las Vegas)

OPENING UP TO THE ASSETS OF CLIMATE AND MITIGATING ITS LIABILITIES IS THE BASIS OF PASSIVE DESIGN

COMFORT

F

MONTHLY AVERAGES

Text for this area is referenced from ‘Passive Guidelines for Building Passive Energy Conserving Homes’ by the AIA Research Corporation 1979

TEMPERATURE 100°

Temperature is the primary climatic element that contributes to human comfort.

UNITS: °F

COMFORT ZONE 60°

0°

DESIGN LOW JAN FEB MAR APR MAY

30

80%

240

AVERAGE

High humidity is a liability because it reduces the effectiveness of sweating to cool the body by preventing the evaporation of perspiration from the skin, causing people to feel hotter NA1103 than they would at the same temperature if humidity was low.

PA1113 40% COMFORT ZONE 20% 0%

JAN FEB MAR APR MAY

PRIMARY COMFORT ELEMENTS ABOVE

210

WIND SPEED

AVERAGE DAILY HIGH

SUN PATH

Wind is a liability in cold climates because it carries away heat more quickly than usual. Wind can also be a liability to comfort in hot, dry climates when winds cause one to dehydrate NA1101 and consequently overheat. Wind can be an asset in hot, humid climates to provide natural NA0604 ventilation.

NA0603

DAILY AVERAGE

10 mph

ABOVE 5MPH CAN BE USED FOR NATURAL COOLING 5 mph

0 mph

60

AVERAGE DAILY LOW JAN FEB MAR APR MAY

For more information, please see http://solardat.uoregon.edu/SunChartProgram.php

NA0610 -W- 270 NA0613

HOURLY

6

NA0608

NA0509

NA0520

180 -S-

NA0525

NA0616

NA0502

NA0514

NA0802

NA0501

90

The sun can be used as an asset in cool and cold climates to provide passive heating to reduce heating loads, but can be a significant liability in hot climates where it can quickly overheat a building.

5 4 3

NA0510

NA0507 NA0506

60 NA0522

NA0518

30

30

NA0808

JAN FEB MAR APR MAY

NA0416

JUN JUL AUG SEP OCT NOV DEC

0 -N-

-S- 0

RAIN DAYS

There are many reasons to consider the amount of rainfall on a project site including control of storm water runoff, mitigation of urban heat-island effects, and creation of wildlife habitats.

UNITS: days

30

25

40N

NA0512

NA0527

US US

5 JAN FEB MAR APR MAY

JUN JUL AUG SEP OCT NOV DEC

NA0809

NA1305 NA0511

NA0515

10

RAINFOREST

RAIN QUANTITY (PRECIPITATION) UNITS: inches 70 60

8

50 6

0

JUN JUL AUG SEP OCT NOV DEC

ANNUAL

NA0526

DESERT GRASSLANDS

10 JAN FEB MAR APR MAY

NA0503 NA1201

20 2

NA1308 NA1203

For more information, please see http://www.worldclimate.com

30

4

0

Looking at the volume and distribution of rainfall on the site, along with temperature and solar radiation, will give a sense of what type of design strategies will be possible, such as a green roof or a rainwater retention system, if appropriate for the site.

40

NA0401

NA0411

NA0504

The Mojave is boundedNA0807 to the north by the Great Basin Shrub Steppe, to the west by the Sierra NA0402 Nevada and California montane scrub, and to the east by the Colorado Plateau. To the south, NA0404 NA0403 NA0815 the Mojave blends into the Sonoran Desert, with a combination of species typical of the two deserts plus species most often found in the scrublands or conifer woodland of the Great Basin. Mojave species generally favor the colder plains, while Sonoran species are found on NA0412 hillsides.

NA0517 NA0409

NA1202 NA0801 NA1304

VOLUME OF RAIN

NA0805

The Mojave Desert is the smallest of the four American deserts. WhileNA0414 the Mojave lies between the Great Basin Shrub Steppe and the Sonoran desert, its fauna is more closely allied with the lower Colorado division of the Sonoran desert.

NA0804 NA0803

NA0530 NA0519

10

0

NA1308

NA1313

For more information, please see http://www.met.utah.edu/jhorel/html/wx/climate/daysrain.html

15

NA0415

NA0528

NA1309

NA0516

20

NA0407

NA0505

ECOSYSTEM

NA0406

NA0811

NA0813

NA0417 NA0508

MONTHLY

For more information, please see http://solardat.uoregon.edu/SunChartProgram.php NA0602

NA0812

NA0810

NA0524

1

RAIN

This diagram shows the highest altitude of the sun in summer and winter.

60

For more information, please use Climate Consultant 4.0 at: http://www2.aud.ucla.edu/energy-design-tools/

2

0

NA0609

150

210

Solar radiation can extend the comfort zone by heating cool temperatures.

UNITS: hours

CA CA

120

240 NA0521

NA1102

7

90 -E-

MODERATE UNHEALTHY UNHEALTHY VERY HAZARDOUS 51-100 FOR SENSITIVE 151-200 UNHEALTHY 301-500 GROUPS 201-300 101-150

SUNNINESS (SOLAR RADIATION)

This diagram begins to illuminate where the opportunities are for sun penetration into the building, and the characteristics of shading devices.

60

NA0612

For more information, please use Climate Consultant 4.0 at: http://www2.aud.ucla.edu/energy-design-tools/ NA1117

For more information, please see http://go.worldbank.org/3RDFO7T6M0

FULL SUN HOURS/DAY

300

The quality of the air determines whether natural ventilation would be appropriate in terms NA0601 of health considerations for the building’s occupants.

UNITS: AQI

31

GOOD 0-50

NA1114

NA1116 NA1111

JUN JUL AUG SEP OCT NOV DEC

AIR QUALITY PARTICULATE MATTER

30

NA0617

NA1106

60N

The Sun Path diagram characterizes the movement of the sun through the sky in summer and winter. The orange arc indicates the widest NA1115 extent of sunrise and sunset in summer. The blue arc indicates the minimum extent of sunrise and sunset in winter.

-N0 330

NA0614

NA0607

15 mph

NA1110

YEARLY EXTENTS

Wind can extend the comfort zone by cooling high temperatures.

NA1107

UNITS: mph

AVERAGE YEARLY 20 mph

150

180 -S-

Arctic Arctic Circle Circle

PASSIVE OPPORTUNITIES BELOW

120

2 6 10 14 18 22

NA1104

Moisture (humidity) can be an asset by evaporating in hot, dry climates to cool and humidify NA1108 the air.

For more information, please use Climate Consultant 4.0 at: http://www2.aud.ucla.edu/energy-design-tools/

JUN JUL AUG SEP OCT NOV DEC

For more information, please use Climate Consultant 4.0 at: http://www2.aud.ucla.edu/energy-design-tools/

90 -E-

-W- 270

To feel comfortable, both the temperature and humidity must be within their comfort zones.

Thus excessively high or low humidity can push otherwise comfortable temperatures to feel uncomfortable.

100%

60%

This diagram describes orientation opportunities that exist, along with locations where natural ventilation may be incorporated into the design, and the availability of useraccessible comfort strategies.

60

300

For more information, please use Climate Consultant 4.0 at: http://www2.aud.ucla.edu/energy-design-tools/

JUN JUL AUG SEP OCT NOV DEC

RELATIVE HUMIDITY

H

MONTHLY AVERAGES

-N0 330

Day to night (diurnal) temperature swings can be an asset if mass construction is used to even out interior temperature.

40°

The Wind Patterns diagram characterizes the direction from which the wind enters the site and the percentage of hours per year that the wind is coming from a particular direction. The length of each arrow indicates the percentage of hours per year that wind blows from each direction.

UNITS: % hours/year

AVERAGE YEARLY

Temperature can be a liability in both hot and cold climates especially if it is consistently too hot or consistently too cold.

80°

20°

WIND PATTERNS

ORIENTATION

DESIGN HIGH

NA0413

NA0814

The Mojave receives little precipitation (between 65 and 190 mm annually) and dry lakes are a common feature of the landscape.NA0523

NA1310

NA0806

NA0529

NA0405

NA1303

NA0701

NA0513 For more information, please visit http://www.nationalgeographic.com/wildworld

NA0201 NA1301

SITE-SPECIFIC ENVIRONMENTAL STRATEGIES

NT0904 NT0164

The hours of the year during which the outside conditions are comfortable and so there is no need for modification.

17.4% INTERNAL HEAT GAIN (1522 HRS)

20N

NT0228

Tropic Tropic of of Cancer Cancer

32.4% DIRECT EVAPORATIVE COOLING (2,841 HRS)

The heat added to the building by internal loads such as lights, people, and equipment which will help keep the building comfortable when the outside temperature is low.

NT0307 NT1314 NT0227

Evaporation of water into the air will lower the temperature of the air and increase the humidity, making it a good strategy for hot, dry periods.

OC0702 OC0202 OC0106 OC0701

MX MX NT1404

NA0303

23.6% SUN SHADING (2,069 HRS)

32.3% CONVENTIONAL HEATING (2,830 HRS) 38.6% Without Passive Design Strategies (3,384HRS)

The hours of the year for which it is estimated that passive strategies alone will not bring the building into the comfort zone and mechanical cooling may be required. Note: this value does not include the effects of Internal Heat Gain because it is assumed this can be vented passively.

The hours of the year during which mechanical heating may be required to bring the building into the comfort zone. Note: This value includes the effects of Internal Heat Gain.

SITE-SPECIFIC PASSIVE ENVIRONMENTAL DESIGN GUIDELINES

BASE CLIMATE CONDITIONS

PASSIVE DESIGN STRATEGIES

NT0304

NT0902NT0213

CU When the temperature is above the minimum required for comfort, any solar radiation thatCU NT0176 enters the building will not contribute to comfort and probably will contribute to overheating NT0177 NT0235 NT0204 the space. Any hours where the temperature is above the minimum required for comfort are NT1403 NT0310 good candidates for sunNT0233 shading.

NA1302

NT0217 NT0216

NA1307

NT0205

NT1316

NT0120 NT1306

NT0114

NT0148

NT0903 NT0215

NT0131 NT0218

NT0302

D DN

NT0305

NT0181

NT0161 NT0146 NT0308 NT0309 NT0230

6.4% CONVENTIONAL COOLING (665 HRS) 40% Without Passive Design Strategies (3,506 HRS)

SUMMER INTERN PROJECT | IN: LAS VEGAS | 2016

NT0301 NT1402

NA1311

FOUR BASE CLIMATE CONDITIONS AND FOUR PASSIVE DESIGN STRATEGIES BASED ON A FULL YEAR - 8760 HOURS (JANUARY - DECEMBER)

4.0% COMFORT (348 HRS)

4.

NA0302

OC0703

International International Date Date Line Line

3.

NA1312

NA1306

NT0154

NT0113 NT0211

30.4% HUMIDIFICATION (2,662 HRS)

14.4% PASSIVE SOLAR DIRECT GAIN LOW GT GT MASS (1,259 HRS)

The air is too dry for comfort and would need to have moisture added. Note that enough moisture is often added to the air by human occupants (expiration, perspiration, use of water) so that in modern well-sealed buildings mechanical humidification is usually not needed.

NT0110direct solar If the building has the right amount of sun-facing glass with shading that NT0111blocks gain when it is not needed, then passive solar heating can be used to raise internal temperaNI NT1407 NI tures. Low mass buildings have a relatively short thermal time lag (on the order of 3 hours), NT0209 so it is the solar radiation from 3 hours prior that effects the current hour.

NT0112 NT0162

NT1312 NT0303

HN HN

NT0306

NT1308 NT1007 NT0159 NT0705

NT0229

NT0119 NT0129

For more information, please use Climate Consultant 4.0 at: http://www2.aud.ucla.edu/energy-design-tools/

CR CRNT0167

NT0130

PA PA

NT0224

NT0137

NT0108

NT0115

NT1005 NT017 NT0201

NT0122

TOP TEN PASSIVE DESIGN GUIDELINES BASED ON A FULL YEAR (JANUARY - DECEMBER)

NT13 NT0222

NT1006

SEPTEMBER. 80 deg Low: 66 deg. / High: 94 deg.

JUNE. 84 deg MAY. 74 deg

Low: 69 deg. / High: 100 deg.

AUGUST. 88 deg

Low: 54 deg. / High: 82 deg.

NOVEMBER. 55 deg Low: 42 deg. / High: 67 deg.

Low: 33 deg. / High: 57 deg.

SUMMER INTERN PROJECT | IN: LAS VEGAS | 2016

Low: 43 deg. / High: 68 deg.

APRIL. 64 deg Low: 50 deg. / High: 77 deg.

MARCH. 56 deg DECEMBER. 45 deg

Low: 76 deg. / High: 105 deg.

Low: 74 deg. / High: 103 deg.

OCTOBER. 68 deg

Low: 60 deg. / High: 87 deg.

JULY. 91 deg

JANUARY. 45 deg Low: 33 deg. / High: 57 deg.

FEBRUARY. 51 deg Low: 38 deg. / High: 63 deg.

61

MAN

NATURE

62

100 year flood plain - probablity of flooding is 1.0% per year

SUMMER INTERN PROJECT | IN: LAS VEGAS | 2016

500 year flood plain - probablity of flooding is 0.2% per year

THE HUNDRED YEAR FLOOD. 1% CHANCE EVERY

YEAR. WHAT HAPPENS TO OUR SITES?

Las Vegas is notoriously vulnerable to flash flooding and occurs a couple times a year.

Because our site is more than vulnerable to a flash flood, we believe the site can only function on off seasons. Part of the 215 pedestrian experience will be understanding usability, peak times for recreational use through social media technology.

SUMMER INTERN PROJECT | IN: LAS VEGAS | 2016

63

64

SUMMER INTERN PROJECT | IN: LAS VEGAS | 2016

04

I

N

T

I

M

A

/ˈin(t)əmət/ adjective/noun : closely acquainted; familiar, close. : private and personal. : a very close friend.

: WHAT ACTIVITIES WILL OCCUR? WHERE? HOW? WHY? WITH WHO? WHEN? LET’S GET INTIMATE.

SUMMER INTERN PROJECT | IN: LAS VEGAS | 2016

T

E

65

Q: What do you miss about your youth? The good ‘ol times.

A: Reckless enthusiasm :Better music. :Fearlessness :Not having to pay bills :How carefree I felt :Not having responsibilities X16 :Youthless is a mindset, so I am still very young. :Naps :Not having stress and worry

G-

Q: Where do you buy furniture? Do you go alone? Or with people?

A: I’m a big fan of IKEA. I typically bring my s/o along. :Love vintage furniture - so always looking at resale stores. :GO? You should buy ONLINE! This is the 21st century people :Honestly, I don’t. Ever. :I usually don’t buy furniture, I steal it.

Q: Your kids are in bed, you’re watching Friends, your buddy texts you - what gets you out of the house?

A: Are you kidding?? I can’t answer that without getting into real trouble. :Free drinks :Almost anything. :By that time at night, not a darned thing.

66

Q: Did you leave the office for lunch yesterday?

A: Walked to Panera, I try to leave :Always, usually for Asian food :Jersey Mikes Sub, yes. :Lunch I brought from home. :Brought my lunch, stayed :Salad, yes. I eat out once a week during a work week. :Tuna fish sandwich. Nope! :Sandwich-no. :Cobb salad. No.

SUMMER INTERN PROJECT | IN: LAS VEGAS | 2016

Q: FREE PTO - 1 WEEK. What do you do?

A: Binge watch every episode of Game of Thrones in my undies with a cooler of beer at my side surrounded by empty pizza boxes. :International trip....TBD :Cabo :Paris! :Explore the back roads and look for unusual, old places.

Q

Q: +A:

WHAT DO YOU EXPECT FROM YOUR COMMUNITY TO SUPPORT YOUR RECREATIONAL/LEISURE ACTIVITIES? PEOPLE AT GENSLER LV SAID ...

1. Petition local government to provide more walking and bike trails.

2. I expect the community to petition a ballet initiative to legalize recreational use of marijuana.

3. I don’t know. I guess I haven’t expected much.

4. Facilities to enjoy my activities.

5. Well maintained parks with relief from the sun. Great healthy food options nearby. Great places to sit and watch.

6. Amenities that encourage outdoor activities (parks, biking lanes, and paths, etc.)

7. It would be nice if they could offer parks that are monitored for safety and are not taken over by the homeless population.

8. Proper security and cleanliness of facilities.

9. Free concerts in the parks. In the evenings.

10. Give good maintenance to outdoors, bike lanes, recreational areas. Organize cultural activities like First Friday.

11. I would hope some of our tax money would go to better infrastructure that is more pedestrian than car driven and a better public transportation service.

12. Since BoltBus and MegaBus arrive in Las Vegas a few years back I’ve found that I’m more incline to visit Los Angeles via this transportation method, instead of getting in my car.

13. More parks with shade structures and water features for kids to play in.

14. Not much, but having something more integrated and walkable would be nice - that is not explicitly commercial like Town Square.

SUMMER INTERN PROJECT | IN: LAS VEGAS | 2016

67 15. I don’t expect anything from my community. I don’t know my neighbors nor do I really care to meet them.

One is a drug dealer and the other is like a fraternity house where they light off fireworks till 3am. I’d rather leave my neighborhood for recreational/leisure activities and join other people that I relate to/that have similar interests as me.

16. It would be nice to be more walkable. I’d love to be able to walk to restaurants and a market from my house. Park amenities are pretty good here and getting better.

17. My main wish is that the community has programs that provide pride in the community, a safe place to live, sends a signal to the rest of the world that this is a first class place to live. I do not expect the community to provide “free” stuff and places of entertainment for everyone. Quality parks do add to the environment and a good place for people without yards and grass to go and enjoy the great outdoors.

18. Provide safety 19. Venues for things like jazz in the park. Places for farmers markets, places to host family oriented activities as well as activities for the youth.

20. I’m not sure what you’re asking. What community and what activities?

21. Good sidewalks - landscaping - opportunities for outdoor venues (parks, amphitheaters, etc) farmers markets, pop-up markets.

22. Opportunity. Parks, trails, bike lanes, exhibits.

23. A lot, we all live here, we need to support each other and most importantly the areas we live in and nature we absorb.

24. TREES !!!!!!!!

68

SUMMER INTERN PROJECT | IN: LAS VEGAS | 2016

THE NEW POKEMON GO. WHAT IF YOU COULD CATCH THEM ALL?

The advent of the new Pokemon GO! app has gotten people out of their homes and into parks and recreational centers to explore virtual reality. Now more than ever, small and big business are taking advantage of this never before seen foot traffic. All types of businesses from small bars to corporate retailers are trying to bring in this Pokemon GO! goers. But what if we also took advantage of this virtual reality game concept into our site? What if you could receive â&#x20AC;&#x153;pointsâ&#x20AC;? for your favorite retailers, food and beverage spots, etc. by walking x amount of distance on the 215 Beltway? Could this change the way we use space? Or even the way we used to think about conventional shopping?

SUMMER INTERN PROJECT | IN: LAS VEGAS | 2016

69

70

SUMMER INTERN PROJECT | IN: LAS VEGAS | 2016

ACTIVITIES ALONG THE 215: A DAY IN THE LIFE OF: VIGNETTES

71

SUMMER INTERN PROJECT | IN: LAS VEGAS | 2016

72

SUMMER INTERN PROJECT | IN: LAS VEGAS | 2016

05

I

N

T

/ˌinˈtirēər/ adjective/noun : situated within or inside; relating to the inside; inner. : remote from the coast or frontier; inland. : the inner or indoor part of something, especially a building; the inside. : the inland part of a country or region.

: THE DESIGN!

SUMMER INTERN PROJECT | IN: LAS VEGAS | 2016

E

R

I

O

R

73

MACHINE

CEREMONIAL. STRIP

MAN

CEREMONIAL? 215 ???

74

SUMMER INTERN PROJECT | IN: LAS VEGAS | 2016

CANYON

+

SHADE

+

ELEVATED PATH

75

SUMMER INTERN PROJECT | IN: LAS VEGAS | 2016

76

SUMMER INTERN PROJECT | IN: LAS VEGAS | 2016

77

SUMMER INTERN PROJECT | IN: LAS VEGAS | 2016

78

1. Existing Condition

SUMMER INTERN PROJECT | IN: LAS VEGAS | 2016

2. Manipulate the existing walls and floors

3. Support with temporary frames

4.

Install the hexagonal modules

79

CONSTRUCTION PROCESS. IN:LAS VEGAS 5. Shoot concrete onto the modules

SUMMER INTERN PROJECT | IN: LAS VEGAS | 2016

6. Devise secondary pipes to keep existing channel dry

7.

Introduce undulating pedestrian path

80

SUMMER INTERN PROJECT | IN: LAS VEGAS | 2016

81

SUMMER INTERN PROJECT | IN: LAS VEGAS | 2016

82

SUMMER INTERN PROJECT | IN: LAS VEGAS | 2016

83

SUMMER INTERN PROJECT | IN: LAS VEGAS | 2016

84

SUMMER INTERN PROJECT | IN: LAS VEGAS | 2016

85

SUMMER INTERN PROJECT | IN: LAS VEGAS | 2016

G-

Q. TELL US WHAT YOU THOUGHT ABOUT IN:LAS VEGAS ?

86

SUMMER INTERN PROJECT | IN: LAS VEGAS | 2016

87

SUMMER INTERN PROJECT | IN: LAS VEGAS | 2016

The tour guide

The hitch-hiker The dad

SUMMER INTERN PROJECT | IN: LAS VEGAS | 2016

N

I