11.7.13

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THURSDAY, NOVEMBER 7, 2013

VOLUME 107 • ISSUE 53

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NEWS - 2

PROF RECOGNIZED FOR RESEARCH ON BRAIN

Lecture results in hate mail, threats

BY ETHAN MCSWEENEY The Daily Wildcat

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A UA professor received hate mail and emails after videos of his lecture regarding Republicans and Fox News viewers surfaced on the Internet.

The videos showed Pat Willerton, an associate professor in the School of Government and Public Policy, during a lecture on Oct. 8 in his class, “Politics, Policy and Governance: The U.S. and the World.” Some of those who have seen the videos accuse Willerton of denigrating both Republicans and Fox News viewers and creating a hostile environment in the classroom.

Willerton said he has received a fair amount of hate mail and email regarding the videos. One particular email he received was troubling, he added.

“The last full paragraph said something to the effect … that I’ll end up with a bullet in the back of my head,” Willerton said. “Well, that’s a hell of a thing to read.”

The slides shown during Willerton’s recorded lecture cite a study from Fairleigh Dickinson University examining people’s knowledge of current events and the news sources they rely on, showing that both Fox News and MSNBC viewers scored low in the survey.

“Fox News does come in last,” Willerton said, “but MSNBC is pretty damn close.”

Willerton said another concern raised was that he appeared to single out Republicans on the issue of gerrymandering in one

ANITA SHANNON, a finance and entrepreneurship senior who is a Homecoming Queen nominee, narrowly escapes being dropped into a dunk tank on Wednesday on the UA Mall at Mall Events for Homecoming.

POLITICS, 3

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Justin Schmidt has been stung by insects 150 times.

While this may seem like an extremely high number, for Schmidt, an entomologist at the UA, the stings are just an occupational hazard.

Schmidt didn’t always dream of being stung by insects — he initially studied chemistry, earning his doctorate from the University of Georgia. But even though he enjoyed chemistry, he knew something was missing.

“All my friends were zoologists, geologists, you know, people who were outdoors all the time,” Schmidt said. “And I thought, well, I’m sitting here in the lab in a white coat smelling benzene and carbon tetrachloride … and all my friends are having this fun.”

Schmidt enrolled in the only entomology class his university

“

OPINIONS — 4

UA professor dedicates three years to diary project

It felt like someone was ripping under my skin and yanking out all the tendons.

“

— Justin Schmidt, UA entomologist

STINGING, 12

A UA professor is working on a book based on an immigrant’s diary and her transcription of the material over the last three years.

Judy Temple, a professor of

Gender and Women’s Studies and English, has been working on transcribing the diary of Mary Eileen Murphy Walsh, also known as “Mim,” since 2010.

Walsh came to Arizona from Ireland in the 1900s.

“I like long journals,” Temple said. “There’s a real difference

between someone who writes a journal about a trip and someone who decides to write for the rest of her life.”

The multi-volume diary is located in the Arizona Historical Society’s Library and Archives

DIARY, 2

Students create clean water

BY ADRIANA ESPINOSA

The Daily Wildcat UA students are working on a solar-powered device to help the Navajo community obtain clean water.

Graduate students of the Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering are creating a solar-powered water supply that will provide clean water for Navajo Nation Native Americans living in a remote area about 20 miles north of Route 40, between Flagstaff and Winslow, Ariz. The water the tribe currently has access to has high levels of sodium and is not ideal for drinking, said Vicky Karanikola, a graduate student in the Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering.

“The sodium content is not as high as sea water, but too high for

a stable drinking water source,” said Bob Arnold, an instructor in the Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering.

The apparatus in development, called a solar distillation unit, is currently being built in the Civil Engineering building; it is about 8 to 10 feet in height and 6 feet by 6 feet wide.

“The idea is the water [is] being pumped through a membrane that is heated by solar power, which distills out the sodium through evaporation and, in the end, leaves them with potable water,” Karanikola said.

Although Navajo community members are not directly consuming the saline water, their cattle are, because they can’t afford to travel back and forth to retrieve water both for themselves and

WATER, 3

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THE SEEKING WATER from Under the Sun Project apparatus is on display at the Civil Engineering Center.

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News • Thursday, November 7, 2013

Award a no-brainer for UA professor

BY Gabrielle Fernety

The Daily Wildcat A UA professor will be recognized this weekend for her innovative research on the aging brain.

Forgetting things every now and then is normal for the aging brain, according to Carol Barnes, a Regents’ Professor of psychology, neurology and neuroscience. But for decades, it has been the norm to assume the old and forgetful must be victims of a neurological disease, Barnes said.

Separating what is normal from what is pathological has been Barnes’ goal ever since she received a life-changing phone call from her mother.

“It was about my grandfather having changes in his memory,” Barnes explained. “When I went to the library to find research about aging, most of the textbooks said when you become old, you become senile.”

Her passion to study the aging brain comes from the fact that the subject has largely been ignored, and was barely even touched upon in the 1970s, Barnes said. Because she was curious about a rarely studied topic, it appeared to her that she would have to be the one to uncover new knowledge on the aging of the brain.

“My grandfather was perfectly fine,” Barnes said. “I know that now, but it took a lot of years of work to figure that out.”

The Society for Neuroscience is recognizing Barnes’ innovative work by awarding her the Ralph W. Gerard Prize in Neuroscience.

Barnes will also receive a $25,000 prize and a trip to the society’s annual meeting, from Saturday to Wednesday in San Diego,

Grace Pierson/The Daily Wildcat

CAROL BARNES, a Regent’s professor of psychology, neurology and neuroscience at the UA, has been awarded the Ralph W. Gerard Prize — the highest honor given by the Society for Neuroscience. Over the last 40 years, Barnes has made remarkable strides in her study of memory decline and healthy brain aging.

where she will be presented with her award.

“The high point for me of getting this award is the recognition of the importance of the study for the aging brain in neuroscience,” Barnes said.

“I’m the first Gerard recipient who has studied brain aging. For me, it’s really important that this area of science be recognized as important.”

Barnes said her goal is

to teach people about the difference between a brain with a neurological disorder and a brain that is simply undergoing the normal changes that come with age.

“Just because you get old does not mean that you are going to wind up with a brain disease,” Barnes said. “Some of the cognitive and memory changes we notice, in fact, are completely normal with age.”

from page 1

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— Follow Gabrielle Fernety @DailyWildcat

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diary

collection and was sealed for 25 years after Walsh’s death to protect the privacy of its subjects, according to Laura Hoff, an archivist at the Arizona Historical Society.

Temple was at the archiving library every day for several hours while she was transcribing the diary, according to Hoff.

“She’s very open about sharing details that she finds,” Hoff said. “We’ve been able to kind of follow Mim’s story through [Temple]. … She’s so enthusiastic about it that it’s kind of infectious.”

When asked why she decided to undertake the project, her answer was simple.

“Who else would do it?” she asked. Temple said she decided to tell Walsh’s story because it reveals the history of the times and provides insight into an immigrant’s experience.

Walsh came to America because her husband was diagnosed with tuberculosis.

The first state they lived in was California, which has a dry climate they hoped would help his cough, Temple said.

Walsh provided a new perspective on the social classes of the time by writing about the wealthy people she and her husband spent time with. Walsh and her husband were not wealthy, which resulted in an “outsiderinsider” perspective, Temple said.

The project also explores subjects such as Tucson history, marriage, immigration and issues women face in their lives, said Monica Casper, the head of the UA’s Gender and Women’s Studies Department, in an email.

For the past four decades of her career in research, Barnes has studied how the brain undergoes changes with age, including changes in memory.

For Barnes, studying the normal brain is just as critical as studying a brain that has aged or a brain that is already diseased.

Understanding a healthy brain and the changes that take place in a healthy person is important when working to distinguish

between healthy and diseased brains, Barnes said.

“You cannot fix it if you don’t understand what is normal,” Barnes said. “By studying normal aging, we can understand how the brain goes wrong in some of these processes.”

Lisa Romero, Barnes’ colleague and senior director of communications and public affairs for the BIO5 Institute, said Barnes has become well-known for her research.

“Dr. Barnes and the brain initiative are both very important to BIO5,” Romero said. “Her work, as well as her collaborative reputation throughout Arizona and the world, is why she was acknowledged for this.”

BIO5’s goal is to encourage collaboration among different fields on research that will combat health, life and environmental challenges.

Lee Ryan, an associate professor in psychology and the associate head of the psychology department, said Barnes is a trailblazer.

“No one was studying the aging brain when she began this work,” Ryan said. “She basically began the field, and her contributions established this as the important area of research we know it as today.”

Betty Glisky, head of the UA psychology department, said Barnes’ award is a testament to work she has done her whole career.

“She’s really at the forefront of this initiative,” Glisky said. “This is something that really puts the UA on the map. She’s a superstar, there’s no question about it.”

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JUDY TEMPLE, a UA professor of Gender and Women’s Studies, looks at photographs of Mary Eileen Walsh from the Walsh paper collections in the Arizona Historical Society Library. Temple is transcribing Walsh’s diary.

“As a specialist in women’s literature and oral history, [Temple] has spent her career finding and revealing women’s voices,” Casper said. “She teaches writings by and about women authors — some of them quite prominent — while also looking at ordinary women’s writing as a lens to social life.”

Temple is also bringing students from her Gender and Women’s Studies course students into her work, allowing them to read the diary in two-year segments.

The students will then use the segments to put together the pieces of Walsh’s life while analyzing content.

Her students have been most surprised by the amount of socializing and drinking in that era, Temple said. They were also interested in the advancements in technology, such as the invention of the color television.

“They thought it was just

fascinating,” Temple said.

One of the challenges Temple has faced in the process was deciphering the words written in Walsh’s tiny print. Temple said she also had to figure out family relationships and major events in Tucson history that Walsh referenced.

“It’s kind of like the ‘History Detectives,’ but not as glamorous,” Temple said.

Temple has become so immersed in this project that she said she’d like to use an award she received from the Gender and Women’s Studies Department to visit Walsh’s hometown.

“I’m very much kind of in her world, wondering what things she knew,” Temple said.

“If something was published in 1935, I go, ‘Oh, I wonder if she knew about that.’”

— Follow Maggie Driver @Maggie_Driver

WASHINGTON — Voters sent Democrats sobering warnings this week: They’re not crazy about President Barack Obama, the new health care law or the state of the economy — messages that could cause the party trouble as the 2014 election campaign intensifies.

Tuesday’s gubernatorial contests in New Jersey and Virginia provided fresh evidence that the voter mood remains glum and unpredictable.

Republican Gov. Chris Christie coasted to a second term in New Jersey, winning support from traditional Democratic constituencies, such as women and racial minorities. But it’s Virginia that’s being studied particularly closely, since it’s a state that can swing presidential elections. Democrats on Wednesday hailed Terry McAuliffe’s victory over Tea Party hero Ken Cuccinelli, a race where a mainstream Republican would have been favored. McAuliffe outraised and outspent Cuccinelli by more than 3 to 2, including a late surge of money that allowed him to dominate television advertising.

But all that money, as well as lastminute appearances by President Obama and Vice President Joe Biden, got McAuliffe only a 2.5-percentage point win.

Democratic problems were on display in this race, trouble that’s likely to dog the party into the coming year. The unknown for Democrats in the 2014 equations is whether the party can separate itself from Obama. Incumbent presidents’ parties usually get battered in their sixth year. Democrats’ ambitions rest partly on confidence that the economy continues to grow. They’re counting on gradual acceptance of the health care law. Most important, they see a Republican Party with an extremist image that they hope will send fence-sitting voters their way.

McAuliffe’s showing encouraged the

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New Jersey Gov. Chris Christie votes at Brookside Firehouse in Mendham, N.J., on Tuesday.

Democrats on Wednesday, not only because he broke a 36-year string of Virginia gubernatorial losses by the party holding the White House, but also because he attracted lots of money and establishment support.

He’d raised about $34.4 million, compared with Cuccinelli’s $19.7 million, as of Oct. 23, according to the Virginia Public Access Project. McAuliffe spent $32.8 million to his rival’s $19.1 million.

Outside groups also poured millions into the race.

As the 2014 races begin in earnest, analysts give Democrats only a remote chance of winning control of the House of Representatives. Republicans need a net gain of six seats to control the Senate, which is within reach but more elusive since the Oct. 1-16 partial government shutdown, a boost for Democrats.

Democrats pointed out Wednesday that most of the competitive Senate races next year feature Republican nominating battles between Tea Party favorites and more mainstream candidates. The more the Tea Party prevails, Democrats think, the better the Democrats’ chances.

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Politics from page 1

video. Willerton said the slides from the lecture provided current examples of gerrymandering by Democrats in Illinois and Maryland, in addition to Republican examples in Ohio and Pennsylvania.

Chris Sigurdson, senior communications adviser for the UA, said that the university defends Willerton’s right to follow his own approach in conducting the class.

“To all indications, he’s conducting the class responsibly, with a multitude of viewpoints and within his authority and expertise,” Sigurdson said. “As the professor, he has the academic freedom to teach the class within his expertise.”

Willerton disagreed with the claim that his lectures create a hostile environment, and said that the videos shot during class were taken out of context.

“Of course it was [taken out of context],” Willerton said. “That was just cherry-picking.”

Willerton also disagreed with the claim that his style of teaching and his viewpoints intimidate those who would dissent in the classroom, adding that he sees little evidence students have any fear of him.

“People will ask me tough questions,” Willerton said, “and if someone really doesn’t want to do that, then they can tweet me [during class]. It’s completely anonymous.”

Paxton Endres, a political science sophomore and a student in the class, said he agrees that Willerton’s teaching doesn’t create a hostile environment.

“What I love about Dr. Willerton is that he welcomes feedback and responses,” Endres said. “In fact, he encourages it, and when he is wrong, or if a student makes a valid argument, then he admits to it.”

Professors should also be able to express their own opinions, especially in classes about politics where students must learn to defend or argue certain

water

from page 1

their cattle, Arnold said. The tribe gets its water from communal wells and, to many Navajo, this journey to the wells has become an essential part of their life, he added.

The Navajo community travels about 50 miles three times a week to get water, said Andrea Corral, a graduate student in the Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering.

The United States Bureau of Reclamation initiated the project

How do you feel about professors voicing political opinions in the classroom?

“I think it’s fine as long as it’s in context. If it’s just out of the ordinary like out of nowhere, I don’t think it’s OK, but if the class is having a discussion, I think [professors] should be able to as well.”

— Amanda Schraufnagel, art education junior

“I don’t find it really necessary for them to do it. I mean it’s basically their opinion, but it doesn’t really matter what they say or not.”

— Jordan Moore, freshman studying English

“I don’t understand why they would talk about it if it doesn’t relate to class. I mean, after class or before class they could talk about it, talk to the students, blog about it if they want; it doesn’t matter.”

— Pablo Robles, astronomy freshman

rebecca noble/The Daily Wildcat

PROFESSOR JOHN P. WILLERTON lectures on Russian culture in the Social Sciences building on Wednesday.

sets of beliefs, Endres said.

Michael Schaller, a Regents’ Professor of history,said that professors shouldn’t be barred from expressing their personal political opinions because of their profession.

“We don’t put on blinders when we become professors,” Schaller said.

“I don’t think you should use your classroom to promote a partisan political agenda, but I think it is perfectly valid to point out — in a class on history or politics — the implications of something. … If I do have a political barb, I make sure it is separate from the lecture.”

The only time professors’ politics

to develop a local supply of clean, drinkable water. “[The bureau] came to us with a proposal basically asking, ‘Can you provide pure water from saline groundwater in a place that’s off the grid?’” Arnold said.

The students have since teamed up with Cogenra Solar, a solar cogeneration company, which is providing the solar panels for the project. “[Cogenra has] already installed 1 a solar collector [in the Navajo community] that produces both electricity and heat, and we need

should not be a factor is when it comes to grading, according to Endres.

Willerton has told the class that his personal opinions play no factor in grading and that his eight teaching assistants do his grading.

Willerton said he does bring provocative issues into the classroom and expects differing opinions on what he presents.

“There are over 1,060 kids in both my lectures,” Willerton said. “Someone is going to be troubled by something I say.”

— Follow Ethan McSweeney @EthanMcSweeney

both in order to run the device remotely,” Arnold said.

The Navajo community is called “off the grid” because it is not included in the state’s water and electricity supply. The Navajo do not have access to these commodities and have to fend for themselves, Arnold said.

“We hope that this is something that they choose to implement in their community after we introduce it,” Arnold said.

The College of Environmental Engineering is hosting an event called “Seeking Water From the Sun”

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“I think we’re at an age that we’re able to make our own decisions, so I feel like our professors’ opinions aren’t as much of an influence on us as they were previously, so I don’t think there’s anything wrong with them voicing their opinions.”

— Amanda Sotelo, biochemistry freshman

— Compiled by Jazmine Foster-Hall

that will showcase its quest for clean water on Friday. The event will include a panel to answer questions about the project, featuring representatives from the UA Renewable Energy Network, the U.S. Bureau of Reclamation and Cogenra Solar.

“The event will bring awareness about water issues at the Navajo Nation,” Corral said, “and how the project partners have come together to find an innovative solution.”

— Follow Adriana Espinosa @DailyWildcat

“Seeking Water From the Sun” Friday, 3:30 to 5 p.m.

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Solution: Take ours online. Transfer the credits.

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Thursday, November 7, 2013 • Page 4

Opinions

Editor: Nathaniel Drake letters@wildcat.arizona.edu (520) 621-3192 twitter.com/dailywildcat

Facebook confessions page needs monitoring

BY Kalli Ricka Wolf The Daily Wildcat

“

It’s really sad to say, but I don’t think there’s a single person in my life that I can trust with my secrets,” said one anonymous poster on the U of A Confessions Facebook page, an open forum for community members to share their deepest secrets and most embarrassing tales.

When secrets build up and there’s no one to turn to, anonymously sharing with your fellow students can be a much-needed cathartic release, but the page administrators should censor vulgar and inappropriate comments to ensure a safe and welcoming environment for everyone.

The secrets people post are anonymous, but because commenters feel a sense of security in communicating over the Internet, the responses to the secrets can be just as blunt as the posts themselves.

“The higher [the] degree of anonymity, the more extreme people’s responses tend to be regarding any type of post on the Internet,” said Michael Sulkowski, an assistant professor in the School Psychology Program who is currently researching cyberbullying and peer victimization.

“People feel that since it’s on Facebook, it’s not real in the same way that face-to-face interactions seem real,” Sulkowski said.

The result can be either crude and sarcastic remarks akin to cyberbullying, advice and support, or pure entertainment. The supportive commenters are what give the site the potential to be something helpful and healthy, and it’s up to the admins to make it that way.

U of A Confessions is currently run by two juniors, one studying economics and the other marketing, who both wished to remain anonymous. They voluntarily took over for the creator of the site when it became time-consuming, according to one admin. The page was created a little over a year ago and continues to grow in popularity, currently boasting more than 13,000 likes.

“The first Facebook page got deleted because too much inappropriate content was posted,” said one admin. “When I was ‘hired,’ I made sure to carefully read through every confession, censoring the curse words, taking out the names and making sure they aren’t too negative.”

Comments shaming people as “sluts” or furthering their problems with insults, however, are still present, so the page needs to be even more highly regulated.

There’s no guarantee that U of A Confessions will be a positive forum for people who want to get something off their chests, but ideally, “someone can post something that is difficult for them to express and get feedback from people within minutes that can be very supportive,” said Sulkowski. “Someone struggling with depression, suicidal thoughts, relationship issues or almost any other valid problem can receive empathetic support from fellow students.”

Sulkowski does warn, however, against using the page in place of professional mental health assistance, and he commends posters who recommend the UA’s counseling services such as Counseling and Psych Services and the Oasis Program.

But even the most insignificant comments can help someone see they are not alone.

“I am seriously the biggest f*ck-up I know,” said one confessor in a recent post.

The positive response?

“Hey me, too. Let’s hang out.”

Simple as that.

One of the admins’ favorite posts was submitted in May. “It said something along the lines of ‘I am a broke college student and I can’t afford food so I have to dig in garbage cans around campus and other restaurants,’” the admin said.

“Tons of students from campus offered to feed whoever this kid was along with offering advice.”

Although U of A Confessions is primarily valued as entertainment or a break from studies to read about fellow students, it has the potential to be a forum for support. We’re not alone in this world, on the Internet or otherwise, and the admin and page users should be making every effort to ensure U of A Confessions is a safe place for people to go for solace.

— Kalli Ricka Wolf is a journalism junior. Follow her @kalli3wolf

Color-blind admissions unfair

BY Jacqui Oesterblad The Daily Wildcat

Y

ou may have heard that the racial achievement gap in this country is shrinking.

We’ve managed to reduce the difference between white and black students’ standardized test scores since the era of the Civil Rights Movement, but at the current rate, it could be another 50 years before black and white students share average scores.

So why does the U.S. Supreme Court seem so convinced that “color-blindness” is upon us?

The Supreme Court heard Schuette v. The Coalition to Defend Affirmative Action on Oct. 15, a case that questions the constitutionality of a Michigan voter referendum banning the consideration of race in college admissions.

But it seems unlikely that the Supreme Court will overturn Michigan’s voter proposition, given the Supreme Court’s own precedent that affirmative action programs must justify their permissibility by demonstrating that there are “no workable race-neutral alternatives” for achieving diversity. This should upset anyone in favor of justice and equal opportunity.

In 2011, the average white student scored two grade levels above their average black or Hispanic peers in both reading and math on the National Assessment of Educational Progress, the test used to measure educational results across state lines. In 2008, there was a 21-point gap between on-time graduation rates for black or Hispanic students and white students.

These educational inequalities lead to lifelong inequalities in wealth. According to the U.S. Census Bureau, only one in 10 white households made less than $15,000 in 2011, whereas one in every six Hispanic households and one in four black households are forced to make do with less than $15,000 a year.

Unless you believe that these difference arise due to natural differences in work ethic or intelligence, in which case you are inarguably racist, you have to acknowledge that black and Hispanic students are significantly less likely

Research has consistently shown that to achieve at a level commensurate with their members of underrepresented minorities ability. are far less likely to receive interviews for Many opponents of affirmative action employment or offers of mentorship from acknowledge this reality, but argue that professors, even when they have the same universities are not the places to remedy it. We qualifications as their white peers. So-called should be working to improve K-12 education “color-blind” processes unintentionally but for minorities, they say, but affirmative action undeniably result in discrimination against does more harm than good by creating a students of color. If we are truly committed “mismatch” between underprepared students to equality, we must acknowledge that these and elite universities. students are entitled to admissions standards “The mismatch hypothesis makes a certain that fairly evaluate their potential. amount of intuitive sense, but it has been But in 2003, in the Grutter v. Bollinger consistently debunked in the empirical case that represents the most recent major literature,” said Nolan Cabrera, an assistant ruling on the issue, the Supreme Court professor in the Center for the Study of Higher declined to define affirmative action as a right, Education who specializes in the study of race enshrining the decision in precedent instead and racism. of supporting affirmative action as a valid “The idea that we are hurting minority option for universities pursuing students by admitting them to diverse student populations as universities that are beyond So-called an educational goal. their academic abilities is “color-blind” The supporters of affirmative simply a myth,” Cabrera said. processes action in Schuette v. The “It is a powerful myth because unintentionally Coalition to Defend Affirmative it plays into common-sense but undeniably Action are relying on a 1982 misunderstandings of what result in decision, Washington v. Seattle affirmative action is (i.e., discrimination School District No. 1, which that a student was admitted against overturned a voter referendum because of his/her race). students of against busing in the conflict This is a stark contrast to color. over integrated schools. The affirmative action in reality Supreme Court may have to (i.e., consideration of race overturn that in its quest against and gender after identifying affirmative action, erasing a major milestone qualified candidates).” in the quest for racial equality and eroding the The scholarship supporting the mismatch progress we’ve made over the past 50 years. hypothesis is small and not particularly At a more practical level, there will be an compelling, said Jeffrey Milem, an Ernest W. immediate decline in diversity in higher McFarland Distinguished Professor at the UA education. and the former president of the Association for “When affirmative action was eliminated in the Study of Higher Education. His research California, Texas and Michigan, the flagship was cited by then-Supreme Court Justice schools saw precipitous declines in minority Sandra Day O’Connor in the Supreme Court’s enrollments,” Milem said. “To date, there last major affirmative action case. have not been programs replacing affirmative “That argument assumes that the only thing action that have been as effective at promoting that has a bearing on a student’s success is minority and female access to higher their inner characteristics,” he said. education.”

The mismatch hypothesis ignores adverse That’s a loss for higher education that this situations on campuses themselves. Milem country can hardly afford. said research has shown that in the University of California system, students who transfer from community colleges because they didn’t meet initial admissions standards often — Jaqui Oesterblad is a junior studying outperform the wealthier populations with a global studies, political science and Middle higher percentage of white people who gain Eastern and North African Studies. Follow her admittance as high school seniors. @joesterblad

“

“

Your Views Online Comments In response to “Faculty diversity: ‘We’re not doing shit’” (by Brittny Mejia, Nov. 5) According to a study by Jacobson (2008), 5.4 percent of all tenuretrack/eligible faculty are Black/ African-American, 4.5 percent are Hispanic/Latino, and 0.04 percent are American Indian/Native American, even though these groups represent, respectively, 12 percent, 14 percent and 0.8

percent of the total U.S. population.

Therefore, this problem is not specific to UA as is implied in the current article. Moreover, with 19 percent of the UA faculty identifying as being a member of a minority group, perhaps some people here are doing sh*t to help address the issue of disproportionality.

— Guest This is the best point I have seen here. You also need to take into account that, just because the population is distributed in such a fashion, the pool of qualified

The Daily Wildcat Editorial Policy Daily Wildcat staff editorials represent the official opinion of the Daily Wildcat staff, which is determined at staff editorial meetings. Columns, cartoons, online comments and letters to the editors represent the opinion of their author and do not represent the opinion of the Daily Wildcat.

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applicants may not be distributed in such a way. It’s unfortunate that it plays out this way, and I don’t have a reference to call on, but it seems that you need to take into account the percentage of each race that reaches a level of education making them eligible for these positions, in which case, the number would most likely skew heavily towards whites.

— Justanotherwhiteguy (in response to Guest) It seems to me that the first step is to look at the proportionality of minority individuals in the pool of APPLICANTS. Without this critical piece of information, it is pointless to look at the small percentage of minority professors and deem it unacceptable. It is entirely possible that there simply aren’t as many

minority applicants applying to these positions, and so it would be inappropriate to give them hiring priority over whites simply to prove a point. Yes, “minority” has different meanings depending on geographical location, but, in context, it does mean that there is a small sub-section in a larger population. Thus, it would make sense for minorities to make up a smaller proportion of hires.

— Alex Just hire the best professors based on their merits, when are these liberals going to get it? Stop trying to shove this affirmative action down our throats. Affirmative action is racisms and we are sick of hearing about it.

— Erin Anderson

The Daily Wildcat accepts original, unpublished letters from all of its readers

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Email letters to: letters@wildcat.arizona. edu

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Thursday, November 7, 2013

•5

THE DAILY WILDCAT

Police Beat by micah montiel The Daily Wildcat

The mooning man

University of Arizona Police Department officers stopped a non-UA affiliated man who was mooning passing cars on Saturday at 5:49 p.m.

Earlier that evening, a UAPD police aide met a group of four men walking by the Education building. They were waving their hands and yelling at another UAPD aide driving by, “Hey, UAPD!” The UAPD aide did not seem to hear the men and continued to drive. In response to the aide driving away, one man yelled, “Fuck UAPD.” The aide standing by and watching the scene walked up to the group of men and asked if they needed help. The man who had yelled out turned his back to the aide, pulled down his shorts and underwear, slapped his butt and yelled, “Take my ass!”

He pulled up his shorts and stumbled forward. At that time, the aide approached and asked, “Excuse me, sir?”

The man proceeded to turn around yet again, pull down his shorts down to his ankles and expose all of his butt to the officer, yelling, “Take it up the ass, fucking cunt!”

The man then pulled up his shorts and yelled again, “Fuck UAPD,” making the three men with him laugh before walking away.

The aide did not follow the men but kept them in sight while he called UAPD. As the aide was on the phone with UAPD, he saw the man continuing to moon vehicles passing by.

When UAPD officers approached the man, they saw him mooning more vehicles, causing cars to swerve into other lanes at the sight.

An officer activated his emergency lights and pulled over to speak to the man. The man pulled up his shorts and identified himself as a former UA student who had transferred to Arizona State University.

The man was heavily drunk and stumbling around. He asked officers to call his mother to get him because his cell phone was dead.

The officer told him that he would not be arrested for his actions, but he would be given a UA police violation. His mother arrived on scene and, after speaking with the officers, went to find her son and his friends.

No further legal action was taken against the mooning man.

Casting stones

On Saturday at approximately 2:55 a.m., UAPD officers diverted seven students to the Dean of Students Office for underage drinking.

UAPD officers received a call from a cab driver who was passing by the Delta Chi fraternity house and saw eight students throwing rocks at the house.

When officers arrived at the house, they found the students still outside.

The students were identified by their CatCards, and when questioned by UAPD officers, they each gave a different story as to where they were coming from and what they were doing.

Seven of the eight students had red, bloodshot eyes and flushed faces and smelled heavily of alcohol. They admitted to drinking earlier that night at an off-campus party.

Only one student denied drinking that evening. When given a preliminary breath test, he was found to be telling the truth.

The seven drunken students were diverted to the Dean of Students Office and released at the scene.

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Where there’s smoke

UAPD responded to three separate UA dumpster fires between 2:09 a.m. and 2:37 a.m. on Saturday.

UAPD officers responded to a call of a fire in an alley outside of the Delta Chi fraternity house. Officers arrived with the Tucson Fire Department and acted as security while the fire was put out.

Shortly after, UAPD received a call of another dumpster fire outside of Babcock Residence Hall. While assisting with that fire, a Babcock Residence Hall resident assistant reported seeing smoke from another fire in a dumpster located behind the BIO5 Institute on campus.

TFD was able to put out both fires quickly.

Each dumpster was investigated, but no evidence of value was found.

Video surveillance of BIO5 is currently under review.

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CAMPUS EVENTS

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TUCSON EVENTS

Environmental Grad Blitz 2013. 2PM-

Chemistry and Biochemistry Colloquium.

Raptor Free Flights at the Arizona-Sonora

6PM. Student Union Memorial Center,

South Ballroom. This event is designed to

4PM to 5PM. Koffler Building, 1340 E University Blvd., Room 218. J. Andrew

environment-related research to present their

“Biomedical Applications of Molecular

bring together graduate students working on

THURS.

07 NOV 2013

research findings, followed by refreshments.

12th Annual ONE love Multicultural

McCammon will present a talk titled

Dynamics Simulations.”hat helps students better their writing skills.

Desert Museum. 2021 N. Kinney Road.

Watch native birds of prey soar in their desert habitat while learning about their

behaviors and habitats. Shows are daily at 10AM and 2PM through April 20, 2014.

Free with admission.

Showcase. 7PM to 9PM. Modern Languages,

TUCSON EVENTS

Butterfly Magic at Tucson Botanical

this showcase to bring together a variety

Gather: A Vintage Market. 10AM to 6PM.

exhibit runs through April of 2014 and features

refreshments will be provided.

657 W St. Mary’s Road. This 4 day

Room 350. Theta Nu Xi will be hosting

of performing groups. Entry is free, and International Writer’s Workshop ‘Organization: Incorporating Sources and

Located at Old Arizona Sash Building. shopping event has unique antique and collectible items.

Avoiding Plagiarism’ 4PM to 5PM. John

Geology Walk. 8:30Am to 10:30AM.

workshop is designed to help international

Canyon Road. Join Naturalist Bruce

W. Harshbarger Building, Room 206. This

and second language speakers, including both undergraduate and graduate students.

This workshop is part of a semester-long

series of free workshops held every Thursday.

Located at Sabino Canyon. 5700 N Sabino

Garrett on this 2-hour hike to discover the

geology of Sabino Canyon. Meet in front

of the Visitor Center for this moderately difficult trail.

Gardens. 2150 N. Alvernon Way. This exotic butterflies from around the world.

Exhibit is open daily from 9:30AM to 3PM. Cost is $13/$12 for students.

Degrazia’s Wild Horses Exhibit 6300 North Swan Road. Open 10AM to 4PM.

This exhibit features Southwest artists, Ted Degrazia’s drawings and watercolors of wild horses.

Information Compiled by Katherine Fournier

To sponsor this calendar, or list an event, email calendar@dailywildcat.com or call 621.3425 Deadline 3pm 2 business days prior to publication.

6 • THE DAILY WILDCAT

Thursday, November 7, 2013

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Thursday, November 7, 2013 • Page 7

SPORTS

Editors: Megan Coghlan & James Kelley

sports@wildcat.arizona.edu (520) 621-2956 twitter.com/wildcatsports

FOOTBALL

MAKING A STATEMENT

SCORE CENTER PACERS OFF TO BEST START EVER

Wildcats prepare for biggest test yet on Saturday against UCLA

Indiana Pacers 97 Chicago Bulls 80

SPURS HOLD OFF SUNS IN TEXAS San Antonio Spurs 99 Phoenix Suns 96

THUNDER TAMES MAVERICKS Oklahoma City Thunder 107 Dallas Mavericks 93

NAME TO NOTE

WARE

Louisville’s Kevin Ware returned to the court in the Cardinals’ exhibition game Wednesday night, 220 days after breaking his leg in the NCAA tourament.

[EX] WILDCAT WATCH

RYAN REVOCK/THE DAILY WILDCAT

QUARTERBACK B.J. DENKER warms up before the Utah game on Oct. 19 at home. The senior has an opportunity to show his improvement on Saturday against UCLA.

BY LUKE DELLA

The Daily Wildcat

Soon after Arizona’s 31-13 loss to then-No. 16 Washington on Sept. 28, rumors began to spread of a depressed B.J. Denker hanging around campus and at local restaurants alone.

The senior quarterback completed just 14 of his 35 pass attempts against the Huskies and threw two interceptions.

The senior had worked relentlessly over the past three years to finally reach the spot he was in, but it looked like the former junior college transfer was beginning to feel the pressure of being a starting NCAA quarterback, and the 2013 season seemed it was heading in a bad direction.

But Denker returned to the field the next day of practice with a different mindset: a humble but hungry one.

“I went to the movie theaters one time to clear my head,” Denker said. “Yeah, I would lay in bed at night and sometimes

[the negativity and pressure] remaining and Arizona tied hurt a little bit, but that’s in the with USC and UCLA , sitting just one game behind rival ASU past.

“I told myself, ‘If I play in the Pac-12 South standings, well, then this doesn’t matter Saturday’s nationally televised home game against the No. 19 anymore.’”

Arizona lost its next game, Bruins will be a showcase for the on the road at USC . However, entire team.

“This is a in that loss, statement Denker showed I told myself, game,” said an improved running back performance ‘If I play well, Ka’Deem Carey. even against then this “We’re trying one of the best doesn’t matter to make that defenses in the anymore.’ championship, country. [and] this is Since the — B.J. Denker, the game that Oct. 10 loss to senior quarterback stands in front.” the Trojans, While the the Wildcats have won three games in a losses to Washington and USC row . Denker has increased his have made this final home completion percentage and stretch difficult for the Wildcats, accounted for eight of the 13 head coach Rich Rodriguez Arizona touchdowns in those said he knows they still have a realistic shot. wins.

“You can say they’re all the Denker has rallied his troops and flipped the switch, turning same, but playing a ranked team what looked to be a hopeful that you’re trying to compete with for a division title makes team into a contending one.

With only four games the game bigger,” Rodriguez

“

“

said.

Rodriguez has claimed to pay less attention to the standings than the fans do, which may be true.

But the head coach knows that his team ends the season against the Sun Devils, who are first place in the Pac-12 South. All the Wildcats need to do is remain one game behind ASU until they play each other in their Nov. 30 matchup.

Arizona controls its own destiny, so Rodriguez is making sure his players are focused — not just on the game at hand, but on the next practice, day and snap ahead.

As for Denker, Rodriguez said he doesn’t expect him to be alone again, because he’s built up the momentum to make a statement Saturday night.

“The more you win, the more is at stake,” Rodriguez said. “You have to stay humble, and you have to stay hungry. I’ll say that and preach that to the team.”

Utah Jazz forward Richard Jefferson scored 13 points in the Jazz’s 97-87 loss to the Boston Celtics on Wednesday night. Jefferson played at Arizona from 1998 to 2001.

QUOTE TO NOTE

“

You have to stay humble and you have to stay hungry. I’ll say that and preach that to the team.”

— Rich Rodriguez, Arizona football head coach

NUMBER OF THE DAY

60

Arizona indoor volleyball leads the alltime series against Washington State, 60-15.

— Follow Luke Della @LukeDella

SOCCER

Seniors face off with rival ASU for final home game chance to jump as high as seventh place with a victory over the Sun Devils.

In Arizona’s 3-0 victory over In its final game of the regular Colorado, Wildcat junior forward season, Arizona soccer (8-7-4, and former Sun Devil Ali Doller 3-6-1 Pac-12 Conference) takes scored her seventh goal of the on ASU this Thursday at Murphey season. Doller said she is excited Field at Mulcahy Soccer Stadium. about playing against her former For three Wildcats — Jazmin team because she still has friends Ponce, Ana-Maria Montoya and on the ASU team, but her Wildcat Shannon Heinzler — Thursday teammates, including goalkeeper afternoon’s game will be their final Gabby Kaufman, will also be home game at lending her plenty Arizona. of support.

Ponce, whose “It’s always a Both teams 10 goals this big rivalry game are just out to season tie her for every sport,” get each other for second-most Kaufman said. “We in the Pac-12, because it’s a have Ali Doller on said games with rivalry. our team and we ASU are unlike all have her back, any other games which gives us a — Jazmin Ponce, on the Wildcats’ little extra fight, senior forward schedule. but every game “It’s just a against ASU is different game,” going to be a battle.”

Ponce said. “Both teams are just ASU (9-7-2, 4-4-2 Pac-12) is out to get each other because it’s coming off a successful weekend a rivalry.” against Colorado and Utah, Last weekend, Arizona won its pulling out a tie against the first home game in more than a Buffs on Friday followed by a 2-1 month when the Wildcats beat overtime victory over the Utes on Colorado 3-0 on Sunday after Sunday. Despite being tied for fifth suffering a 1-0 overtime defeat in the conference standings, the Friday at the hands of Utah. The Sun Devils have been average on victory over Colorado bumped offense and defense this season, the Wildcats up to ninth place in ranking near the bottom of the the conference and gives them the

THURSDAY NIGHT FOOTBALL College Troy at Louisiana-Lafayette 5:30 P.M. - ESPNU No. 10 Oklahoma at No. 6 Baylor 5:30 P.M. - Fox Sports 1

BY BRIAN PEEL

The Daily Wildcat

No. 3 Oregon at No. 5 Stanford 7 P.M. - ESPN NFL Washington Redskins at Minnesota Vikings 6:25 P.M. - NFL Network

“

“

TWEET TO NOTE SAVANNAH DOUGLAS/THE DAILY WILDCAT

HAYLEY ESTOPARE (center) and Brie DeFelice (right) go after the ball against Colorado on Sunday at home. Arizona won the game 3-0.

Pac-12 in both goals scored and goals allowed.

ASU’s offense is led by sophomore forward Cali Farquharson, who, like Ponce, is tied for second-best in the conference with 10 goals. Senior forward Devin Marshall has six goals of her own to go along with three assists.

Wildcat head coach Tony Amato said he understood the magnitude of the ASU rivalry as soon as he arrived in Tucson.

“Obviously, from the first second I got here, I was hit with how important that rivalry is,”

Amato said. “It sets up perfectly for us coming off a good game with a couple days to prepare. It’s something that we really want — to make sure we are the best team in the state and try and get the result from the first season I’m here. We are going to put everything we have into the game, and I think the girls will respond to it.”

Thursday’s “Red-Out” game begins at 2 p.m. and will be televised on the Pac-12 Networks.

Bout to watch 300 again cuz Ima SPARTAN —@MrHitThat_ Marquis Flowers, senior linebacker

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— Follow Brian Peel @BrianPeel91

twitter.com/wildcathoops

8 • The Daily Wildcat

Sports • Thursday, November 7, 2013

Q &A Arizona, Arizobal return home

volleyball

BY Rose Aly Valenzuela

The Daily Wildcat

Arizona volleyball (16-8, 6-6 Pac-12) returns to McKale Center for its longest home stand, after playing four matches on the road.

Arizona hosts Washington State tonight at 8 p.m. and Washington on Sunday.

The Wildcats split the past weekend, losing to Oregon and defeating Oregon State, and the plan for the team was to leave the weekend behind and use the short amount of time it had to prepare for tonight.

Freshman Kyra Holt is Washington State’s key player, as she leads her team offensively with 3.97 kills per set and 4.67 points per set average. Holt is also the recent Pac-12 Freshman of the Week.

Arizona currently stands as one of the best defensive teams in the Pac-12 Conference with 29 combined double-doubles on the year, the most in the Pac-12.

Junior outside hitter Taylor Arizobal is fifth on the team with 183 points. Last weekend against Oregon State, she provided six kills and two blocks. Arizobal answered some questions before tonight’s match.

Daily Wildcat: Do you have any pre-game superstitions?

Arizobal: Well, we have dance parties in the locker room, and I used to have a superstition where I would wear a new headband every time we lost. But I ran out of headbands, so that superstition is gone.

When are you most nervous while competing?

Probably the beginning [of the match]. My freshman year, I used to get so nervous, but now the nerves have calmed down.

What’s your favorite part about being a college athlete?

My favorite part about being a college

ryan revock/The Daily Wildcat

Junior Outside Hitter Taylor Arizobal jumps to block a spike from a Wofford player on Sept. 21 at McKale Center.

athlete, especially here in Arizona, is that it’s really a family. Everyone is always here in McKale; it just feels like a family. I like being a college athlete — plus you get to meet a lot of new people and new friends, and it’s not really hard to make friends, too, so it’s nice.

What’s your favorite volleyball memory?

Freshman year when we beat UCLA. That was my very first big upset win. They were

ranked No. 5, and we weren’t ranked, so it was just so significant because we were the underdogs.

What do you think about Washington State’s uniforms?

They’re interesting, but I obviously like our uniforms way better. But theirs are interesting. They’re cool; they’re really nice.

How would you give away $50,000?

I think I would give it to charity. I really like the Make-A-Wish Foundation, so I would probably either give it to them or donate it to Arizona volleyball or all the UA athletics.

— Follow Rose Aly Valenzuela @RoseAlyVal

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Sports • Thursday, November 7, 2013

The Daily Wildcat • 9

Basketball

Swimming

Gordon plays through injury, Johnson leads

UCLA, USC meets will prepare UA for Texas

BY Nicole Cousins

The Daily Wildcat

BY evan rosenfeld

The Daily Wildcat Freshman Aaron Gordon has been dealing with a groin injury that forces him to take things slower than he is accustomed to.

Arizona basketball coaches have been taking no chances with their most highly anticipated player this year. They already sat the forward out in the second half of Arizona’s exhibition game against Augustana and at the end of the Wildcats’ secret scrimmage against Saint Mary’s last weekend.

“It’s kind of a nagging groin strain, an injury that’s not all of a sudden going to go away,” said head coach Sean Miller. “What we’re trying to teach him is how to manage it. He’s chomping at the bit, trying to be in every practice and be ready to play, but … giving him an extra day of rest and not letting him practice the entire time is going to help him calm down and be healthy for the long haul.”

Miller said that the injury is not that significant and that Gordon will be fine, especially if he is smart about his recovery. He also said Gordon should be in the starting lineup for Friday’s season opener against Cal Poly, and that he doesn’t expect him to be limited in any way.

Nick Johnson’s new role Nick Johnson is taking on a new role this year.

Johnson has led the team vocally in his last two years at Arizona but is looking to further grow as a leader.

“With all of the leadership we lost last year, I want to make up for some of that,” Johnson said. “With two years under my belt and having played in the Sweet 16 now, the grind leading up to the season feels a lot smoother for me.”

Johnson added that he wants to step up this year and help the new players get acclimated to the collegiate level of play.

tyler baker/The Daily Wildcat

Nick Johnson dunks the ball against Augustana on Oct. 28 at McKale Center.

Zach Peters cleared to play by Arizona staff Freshman forward Zach Peters is finally at the end of his long road back.

On Tuesday morning, Arizona medical staff announced that the Kansas transfer has been cleared to practice and play with contact effective immediately.

Peters suffered multiple concussions in his time at Kansas and had to be deemed eligible by both the NCAA and Arizona’s medical personnel before being cleared to play in live situations.

Peters enrolled at KU last year but did not play; the NCAA had to approve him to play this year so he didn’t have to sit out the season as is customary for transfers.

“Zach has worked extremely hard and diligently to put himself in the position to be successful here moving forward,” Miller said. “From that perspective, one thing we want to do is not throw too much his way for no other reason than it would just be unfair — not for any precautionary reasons. We hope he has a long career.”

— Follow Evan Rosenfeld @EvanRosenfeld17

Having gone two weeks since their last meet, the Wildcats are diving back into competition.

Arizona swimming and diving hosts the UCLA women’s team on Friday and the USC men’s and women’s teams on Saturday.

The Wildcats’ last competition resulted in a sweep of UNLV on Oct. 25, but they haven’t been taking time off.

“These guys have been working hard, so there hasn’t been any downtime; they’ve been hammering hard workouts,” said interim head coach Rick “Rocket” DeMont. “We are actually in the tyler baker/The Daily Wildcat most intense training cycle right Bonnie Brandon swims the 200-yard backstroke against UNLV on Oct. 25 at home. now.”

Sophomore backstroker Bonnie Brandon said the Brandon said she is especially Senior freestylist Matt Barber Wildcats have been hitting the said he plans to approach USC excited to compete this weekend, weight room hard since UNLV just like any other meet. but she doesn’t want the and just started easing up on the “I don’t really compare myself Homecoming weekend hype to weights Monday. to other people,” Barber said, “but distract her from her racing.

The teams are focused on the I do keep it in the back of my head “A lot of the alumni will be here, Texas Invite in Austin, Dec. 5-7. what other people are doing, and including fast swimmers from past DeMont said he expects them just go out there and race on that years — people that we look up to,” to use these two dual meets as a day.”

Brandon said. “It will be nice to means of working out the kinks The women’s team has some have them back. You just want to before the team travels to Texas. time to warm swim fast to show them that they The women up for USC with didn’t leave the team in a bad place face back-toits dual meet — that they left it in a better place.”

These guys back meets Brandon will reunite this against UCLA have been against UCLA on Friday, but weekend with former Wildcat working hard, and USC, that doesn’t Ellyn Baumgardner. The two so there hasn’t while the men mean they are roomed together at a majority take on one of taking either of their meets last year and even been any the strongest c o m p e t i t i o n traveled to Turkey together. downtime. f re e s t y l e “Even though [Baumgardner] l i g h t l y . teams in the According to was a breaststroker, I looked up — Rick “Rocket” nation without Brandon, the to her a lot and we were always DeMont, interim head freestyler Giles women are paired together,” Brandon said.

Smith, who is ready to see “We worked well together even ineligible this how close they though [we were] doing different week. are to where they need to be in things, so I’m excited to see her.”

DeMont wouldn’t specify why December.

The women kick off Smith won’t be competing.

“I think the last two weeks Homecoming weekend “We don’t match up great with have been really amazing; a lot swimming and diving events [USC] in some events, and we of people have been working against UCLA on at 2 p.m on match up really well with them in on their strokes and improving,” Friday. Both teams face USC at 1 others,” DeMont said. “Our best Brandon said, “so hopefully p.m. on Saturday. freestyler won’t be in the meet, we won’t be terribly sore this which hurts us a little bit, so we weekend, and it will show us how — Follow Nicole Cousins are just doing the best we can on we are in relation to Texas in a @cousinnicole that.” month.”

“

“

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science There’s Science Brewing Editor: Dan Desrochers science@wildcat.arizona.edu twitter.com/dailywildcat

Beer may be the key to a good time on a Friday or Saturday night, but the process that makes it hit the spot takes a lot of science and a little creativity

Tanner Clinch/The Daily Wildcat

THE BEER BREWING process is unique to each brewer, but whether the drink is brewed in a kitchen or a brewery, all of the brewers take pride in their creations.

BY Tanner Clinch

The Daily Wildcat This weekend, you’ll be getting drunk off of yeast poop.

In essence, the creation of beer is a chemical process called fermentation, where yeast eats sugar and creates waste in the form of carbon dioxide and alcohol. That waste is what gives you a buzz.

Getting this chemical reaction to occur in a way that produces something you would actually want to drink is the part that’s difficult.

stinging from page 1

offered and, using his studies in chemistry, specialized in researching the pheromones and venoms of stinging insects.

Throughout the course of his research, Schmidt has researched everything from the behaviors of killer bees to the natural history of the Vinegaroons Whip Scorpions.

“He’s driven by curiosity,” said Karen Kester, an entomologist at Virginia Commonwealth University who worked with Schmidt during her time as a post doctorate researcher at the UA. “He is truly passionate about what he does.”

While his contributions to entomology have been numerous, what he is best-known for is a bit more unusual.

Because Schmidt has been stung by such a high number of insects, he has established his own pain scale: the Schmidt Sting

Start with the grain, according to Amy Graham, an adjunct lecturer in chemistry at the UA. She does all-grain brews with her husband, and said the grain is the most important ingredient when it comes to changing the taste.

“The grains are the difference between a blonde beer, an amber versus a porter, which is huge,” she said.

The grain is dried by heating, and the temperature at which it’s dried will change the color and flavor: The higher the heat, the darker and more complex the beer.

Water is added to the dried

Pain Index.

The idea for the scale started with a harvester ant sting.

“It had just this amazing reaction,” said Schmidt. “It hurt, like, for hours. It felt like someone was ripping under my skin and yanking out all the tendons and muscles and nerves. This just went up and down in waves.”

This sting was like nothing Schmidt had experienced before, and he wanted to know why this particular insect’s sting hurt more than that of a wasp or honeybee.

Schmidt investigated the venom of the ant and found that harvester ants are 10 times more toxic than a honeybee, which, according to Schmidt, is drop-for-drop more toxic than the venom of a western diamondback rattlesnake.

This realization brought up a slew of new questions for Schmidt who, with prompting from a professor, began to research the stings of other insects to compare the pain and toxicity levels of

grains and heated to nearly tends to add to the aroma of 150 degrees. The heating the beer only. Hops added process breaks down the somewhere in the middle will starches into sugars that can add the essential flavors, such be consumed by the yeast. as pine and citrus, depending The grain needs to be kept at on the type of hops added.

After the boil, the mixture a very specific temperature to get the right enzymes to The grains are the create sugar. difference between a When the grain comes out, it has blonde beer, an amber become a sweet, versus a porter, which sticky syrup is huge. called malt.

— Amy Graham, “That sugary adjunct professor of chemistry stuff will get e v e r y w h e r e ,” is cooled and added to yeast Graham said.

The more sugar there is to sit for several weeks. This from the grain, the faster the is when fermentation occurs, yeast will ferment, which also creating the alcoholic and changes the flavor of the beer. fizzy parts of the beer. The After extracting the syrupy speed at which fermentation malt from the grain, it’s time to happens and how long the boil it, which is typically when concoction sits will affect the the hops are added. Hops are taste and the alcohol content a member of the hemp family, of the beer.

According to Mallozzi, and are responsible for the bitterness of a beer. Hops yeast contributes about 80 are added at different points percent of the flavor, and during the boiling to create most breweries use the same yeast for every beer. That’s different flavors.

According to Mike Mallozzi, why “a lot of their beers have a founder of Borderlands a similar taste to them,” he Brewery Co., adding hops said.

After fermenting, the yeast at the beginning of the boil creates a bitter taste. Adding falls to the bottom, while them at the end of a boil the beer stays on top and is

“

their venom.

This posed a problem in and of itself, because while the physiological damage the sting caused was easy to quantify, measuring the pain from the sting was untouched territory.

Schmidt started his research by looking into how chronic pain is measured in humans, using the 10-point scale to rate pain.

However, he knew this scale would prove to be too inaccurate to measure pain from insect stings because he could not differentiate between a 6 and a 7 or a 3 and a 4 in terms of pain.

Instead, Schmidt used a 4-point scale, ranking the honeybee sting at 2 to establish a middle ground.

Schmidt found that solitary bees that roam the desert, such as the palo verde bee and the cactus bee, have stings that are generally not painful, ranking a 1 or 2 on his pain scale.

At the opposite end of the pain spectrum is the sting of the bullet

“

ants, which are aptly named, Schmidt said, as their stings are the most painful he’s ever encountered.

“It would go in these huge waves and hit this crescendo, and you thought you were going to die,” Schmidt said. The pain from the bullet ant’s sting can last anywhere from 12-24 hours. He’s been stung by these insects a total of four times.

“Other people have tried to update the index, but his remains the standard,” Kester said. “It has not only stood the test of time, but it has gained popularity.”

Was the pain from the stings worth the gains in research?

“It’s a price you pay,” Schmidt said. “I’d rather get stung by any of these things than get hit by a linebacker.”

— Follow Michaela Kane @DailyWildcat

siphoned out. The beer is then bottled and kegged for consumption.

Graham warns that people have to be careful with homebrews, though, as oftentimes yeast will find its way into the bottle — and yeast is a natural laxative.

Brewers have varying opinions on how to make beer and what they think is the best type of beer.

“It’s like cooking. You can add anything to it; it doesn’t mean you like it,” said Luke Sturgeon, a homebrewer from a family of homebrewers.

No ingredient is taboo for micro and homebrewers.

Beers run the gamut from vanilla porters to the most bitter IPAs to those with the taste of a freshly harvested prickly pear cactus. Mallozzi’s background in microbiology is helping him and his brewery use a different strain of yeast for each of their beers.

“There’s so many directions to go with beer that it’s important that everyone does what they think is the right thing, otherwise we stifle creativity,” Mallozzi said.

— Follow Tanner Clinch @DailyWildcat

Michaela Kane/The Daily Wildcat

Justin Schmidt, an entomologist at the UA, captures a grasshopper on Oct. 28. Schmidt’s work at the university involves research to understand the behavior and defenses of stinging insects.