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ItprovidesasnapshotofthecharacteristicsofthepopulationatasinglepointinInacross-sectionalstudy,investigatorsmeasureoutcomesandexposuresofthe studysubjectsatthesametime.Cross-sectionalstudydesignisatypeofobservationalstudydesign.Inacross-sectionalstudy,theinvestigatormeasuresthe outcomeandtheexposuresinthestudyCross-SectionalSequenceDesignJustlikeinage-heterogeneouscross-sectionaldesigns,multiplecohortsareexaminedin cross-sectionalsequencedesignsIncontrasttoage-heterogeneouscross-sectionaldesigns,however,multipletimepointsofmeasurementsareusedUnlikein case–controlstudies(participantsselectedbasedontheoutcomestatus)orcohortstudies(participantsselectedbasedontheexposureInthissection,we specificallyaddresstheelementsthatmakecross-sectionaladiscreteresearchdesigndifferentiatedfromothersNexttothecharacteristicsofcross-sectional studies,weaddressthemainissuesandisionstobemadewithinthisresearchdesign,andthemajorpitfallsInmedicalresearch,across-sectionalstudyisatypeof observationalstudydesignthatinvolveslookingatdatafromapopulationatonespecificpointintime.Otherthaninlongitudinaldesigns,anindepen-StudyDesign. study.Thispaperdescribesthecross-sectionaldesign,examinesthestrengthsandweaknesses,anddiscussessomemethodstoreporttheresults.Thesedesigns, whichhasbeenusedinearlyresearch,andalsoperhapsthemostfrequentlyusedisthecrossThisseriesdescribescross-sectionalstudies,theiruses,advantages andlimitations,andthetechniquesusedtominimisebiasedresultsInaCross-sectionalstudydesignisatypeofobservationalstudydesignGoto:Cross-Sectional DesignObservationalstudiesmonitorstudyparticipantswithoutprovidingstudyinterventionsCitations()References(7)AbstractExpandLicenseCCBY-NCSAAuthors:ManinderSinghSetiaFuturearticleswillfocusonotherobservationalmethods,thecohort,andcase-controldesignsUsingthisresearchdesign,you canonlyemployarelativelypassiveapproachtodrawingcausalinferencesbasedonfindings(USC,)Across-sectionalstudydesignisatypeofobservational study,ordescriptiveresearch,thatinvolvesanalyzinginformationaboutapopulationataspecificpointintime.Itisdescribedastakinga“snapshotThispaper describesthecross-sectionaldesign,examinesthestrengthsandweaknesses,anddiscussessomemethodstoreporttheresultsInacross-sectionalstudy,the investigatormeasurestheoutcomeandtheexposuresinthestudyparticipantsatthesametimeThisdesignmeasurestheprevalenceofanoutcomeofinterestina definedpopulationFuturearticleswillfocusonotherobservationalmethods,thecohort,andcase-controldesignsThecross-sectionaldesigncanmeasure differencesbetweenorfromamongavarietyofpeople,subjects,orphenomenaratherthanaprocessofchangeCross-sectionalstudydesignisatypeof observationalstudydesignInmedicalresearch,across-sectionalstudyisatypeofobservationalstudydesignthatinvolveslookingatdatafromapopulationat oneCross-sectionalresearchdesignshavethreedistinctivefeatures:Observationreferstoonepointintime,Afocusonexistingdifferencesratherthanchange followingansectionalandlongitudinaldevelopmentaldesigns,andSchaieproposedtwoalternativemodelsfordevelopmentalresearch thelongitudinalsequential designandthecrossStudydesignIII:Cross-sectionalstudiesKateAnnLevinDentalHealthServicesResearchUnit,UniversityofDundee,Dundee,Scotland, UKInthisseries,IpreviouslyCross-Sectional,Case-controland,CohortStudies