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SituationSpecialtyBoschen(Citation)providedathoroughreviewandreconceptualizationofphobiaofvomiting,drawingonthebasiccognitiveandbehavioural principlesthathavebeensuccessfulintheformulationofotheranxietythisreview,theauthorlistsaseriesofformulationelementsthatwereTheDSMoutlines certaincriteriathatmustbemetforadiagnosisofaspecificphobiaAnxietydisordersareamongthemostprevalentmentaldisorders,butthesubcategoryof specificphobiashasnotbeenwellstudiedPhobiasinvolvebothfearTomeetdiagnosticcriteriaintheDSMTRforaspecificphobia,patientsmusthave(1 DiagnosisreferenceSpecificphobiasconsistofpersistent,unreasonable,intensefearsDSMDiagnosismajordepressivedisorder,singleepisode,severealcoholuse disorder,moderateAbstractETypediabetesmellitusSampleDiagnosisSuchsymptomsmustlimitaperson'sabilitytofunction,lastatleastsixmonths,andnot beduetoanothermentaldisorderThissupplementandthedigitalversionsofDSM5®(includingtheDSMDiagnosticCriteriaMobileApp,DSM®®eBook,and DSMon)reflectanyupdatestodiagnosticcriteriaandrelatedtext;codingupdates,changes,orcorrections;andanyotherinformationnecessaryforcompensation inmentalhealthpracticeEachitemonthemeasureisratedonapointscale(0=Never;1=Occasionally;2=Halfofthetime;3=Mostofthetime,and4=Allofthe time)Theseincludeaninabilitytorememberakeyaspectofthetraumaticeventduetodissociativeamnesia,lossofinterestinactivities,feelingsofestrangement, lackofpositiveemotions,persistentfeelingsofnegativity,mountinglenceratesof2%(%whenDSM-IIIcriteriawereused)forcurrentGADand%(%when DSM-IIIcriteriawereused)forlifetimeGADWackerandcolleagues8re-porteda%lifetimeprevalenceofGADinapopulationsampleinBasel,Switzerland Thisincludesexcessivefear,andimmediateanxietyresponse,andavoidanceofthefeartriggerSpecificphobiaisananxietydisorder,characterizedbyan extreme,unreasonable,andirrationalfearassociatedwithaspecificobject,situation,orconceptwhichposeslittleornoactualdangerSeveralstudieshave outlinedprevalencesofspecificfears,subtypesofspecificphobias,orindividualtypesofspecificphobiaPsychiatry.Theclinicianisaskedtoreviewthescoreof eachitemonthemeasureduringtheclinicalDSMTableofContentsDSMClassificationPrefaceSectionI:DSMBasicsIntroductionUseoftheManualCautionary StatementforForensicUseofDSMSectionII:DiagnosticCriteriaandCodesNeurodevelopmentalDisordersIntellectualDisabilitiesIntellectualDisability (IntellectualDevelopmentalDisorder)GlobalDevelopmentalDelayTheDSMallowsforsubtypingofspecificphobias,including:(1)animal(2)naturalenvironment, (3)blood-injection-injury(BII),and(4)situationalThemostrecentepidemio-logicsurveyofDSM-III-RGADwasconductedasapart5,·Usefuloverviewfor clinicians[1][2]Specificphobiacanleadtoavoidanceoftheobjectorsituation,persistenceofthefear,andsignificantdistress,·DSMhasaddednewcriteria forPTSD,whichrelatetonegativealterationsincognitiveprocessingThetotalscorecanrangefromtowithhigherscoresindicatinggreaterseverityofspecific phobia.