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I+D PARA MEJORAR LA EFICIENCIA DE LAS DESALADORAS 1 ULTRADA FÂŽ EVO: Sistema de separaciĂłn por otaciĂłn rĂĄpida de los sĂłlidos en suspensiĂłn presentes en el agua de mar, Ăştil en los casos de crecimiento repentino de la poblaciĂłn de algas. TendrĂĄ un menor consumo energĂŠtico, derivado de actuaciones tanto en la etapa de otaciĂłn como en el sistema de recogida del agua clariďŹ cada.

La salmuera vuelve al mar respetando el medio ambiente.

Entrada de agua de mar

La desalinizaciĂłn del agua de mar se consigue usando una membrana de Ăłsmosis inversa, permeable al paso de agua pero no a las sales disueltas.

Ă“smosis inversa CaptaciĂłn

Pretratamiento El pretratamiento elimina los elementos que afecten al funcionamiento de las membranas de Ăłsmosis inversa.

2

Lodos

VETRAŽ: Tratamiento de vertidos. Actúa sobre los euentes fruto del lavado y contralavado del pretratamiento.

Reduce el volumen de residuo y reaprovecha el agua ďŹ ltrada.

Post-tratamiento

Es necesario remineralizar el agua desalinizada para hacerla apta al consumo.

Salida de agua potable

3

4

HIFLUS: Basado en membranas que trabajan en condiciones extremas o de alto ujo. Cada planta tendría menos membranas, disminuyendo los costes.

HIDROBIONETS: Detecta el ensuciamiento en las membranas de tratamiento de agua, causante de la pĂŠrdida de funcionamiento de las desalinizadoras de agua de mar.

5 REMINERALIZACIĂ“N: Desarrolla una tecnologĂ­a que aumenta la eďŹ ciencia y reduce el impacto ambiental.

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&M SFUP EF MB EFTBMBDJĂ–O FO FM EFTJFSUP PLANTA DESALADORA COPIAPĂ“ DE ACCIONA EN CHILE CĂłmo funciona una planta desaladora PRETRATAMIENTO DEL AGUA DE MAR

EXPLOTACIĂ“N MINERA

(Sistema ACTIDAFF, patentado por ACCIONA) El agua de mar se ďŹ ltra para El agua ďŹ ltrada y mezclada con agua a eliminar los sĂłlidos a travĂŠs presiĂłn se retorna a la piscina para de arena en una piscina. eliminar los elementos ligeros.

4

El agua desalinizada se utiliza para concentrar el mineral y transportar el concentrado mediante una pulpa por el concentraducto que une Cerro Negro Norte y Puerto Punta Totoralillo.

DESALACIĂ“N POR Ă“SMOSIS INVERSA SALMUERA Mezcla de la mitad del agua captada y todas las sales.

AGUA PRODUCTO Agua desalada pura. Se le aĂąaden sales minerales para hacerla potable.

EstaciĂłn de bombeo Aguas CAP entrega agua desalinizada a otros usuarios mineros y no mineros.

Esquema de la instalaciĂłn La ilustraciĂłn no estĂĄ a escala Planta de Se toma agua del ďŹ ltros Carga de PacĂ­ďŹ co a 17 m. de mineral profundidad y se lleva 6 a una planta de bombeo en la orilla.

El agua se traslada a la desaladora situada Pozo de 3 a 1.240 m. del mar. bombeo Una vez tratada, se DisoluciĂłn de la bombea hacia la salmuera en el 1 explotaciĂłn minera. agua de mar CaptaciĂłn de La salmuera se devuelve al agua de mar mar mediante un sistema de difusores que favorecen su disoluciĂłn.

2 DESALADORA

n

siĂł

Pre Funcionamiento de las membranas en espiral Salmuera Se pasa a travĂŠs de la membrana el 50% del agua Agua potable obtenida.

Por un lado, se obtiene ese agua producto y con la otra mitad se quedan todas las sales.

Malla separadora

Capa porosa Membranas semipermeables

Uso del agua

PRESIĂ“N Agua salada 17.000 m3/dĂ­a

Plena potencia

SecciĂłn transversal de la instalaciĂłn La ilustraciĂłn no estĂĄ a escala Pozo de bombeo DESALADORA CaptaciĂłn de agua Mar Tierra 1.200 m

Agua salada

Ăłn

si Pre

Mina EstaciĂłn de bombeo

Cota: +1.300m

Agua total desalada: 35.000 52.000 m3/dĂ­a m3/dĂ­a

+60m 0m -17m

Aguas CAP tiene agua disponible para el desarrollo urbano, minero y agrĂ­cola.

Cerro Negro Norte Otras explotaciones mineras

Agricultores y ganaderos de la zona

80 km

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REDUCCIÓN DE LA DEPENDENCIA ENERGÉTICA DE PLANTAS DE TRATAMIENTO DE AGUA 1 RENEWAT: Tiene como objetivo sincronizar los procesos de las depuradoras con la disponibilidad de energías renovables integradas en la planta, lo que reducirå hasta un 30% su dependencia energÊtica.

Entrada de to agua residual

en

mi

ta tra Pre

La reducciĂłn de la dependencia de la red elĂŠctrica convencional implicarĂĄ rebajar una cuarta parte del coste del agua depurada.

30%

Desbaste o criba

Desengrasado Desarenado

DecantaciĂłn Primaria

Tr Pr atam im ie ari nt o o

T Se rata cu mi nd en ari to o

Tratamiento BiolĂłgico

Decantador Secundario Pretratamiento de lodos

Salida de agua tratada

Residuos orgĂĄnicos

RĂ­o

Digestor de lodos 2 BIOLYSISÂŽ: Se basa en desarrollar un pretratamiento de los lodos de las depuradoras que aumente su capacidad de generaciĂłn de biogĂĄs, enriqueciĂŠndolo con bacterias seleccionadas mediante biologĂ­a molecular.

20% Aumenta un 20% la generaciĂłn de energĂ­a y disminuye un 15% los fangos.

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Membranas de ultraďŹ ltraciĂłn 3 CODIGESTIĂ“N DE LODOS: Convierte una EstaciĂłn Depuradora de Agua Residual en autosostenible desde el punto de vista energĂŠtico reciclando, ademĂĄs de los lodos generados en la planta, otros residuos orgĂĄnicos.

100% Reduce hasta un 100% la dependencia energĂŠtica.

4 OPTIAnMBR: PermitirĂĄ tratar las aguas residuales de forma anaerobia; sin aporte de aire y con un alto porcentaje de ahorro energĂŠtico. Membranas cerĂĄmicas de ultraďŹ ltraciĂłn se usarĂĄn para separar los fangos activos, generando un agua producto de alta calidad.

50%

PermitirĂĄ reducir la demanda energĂŠtica del tratamiento de aguas en un 50%.

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ReutilizaciĂłn (riego) 5 BRAINYMEMÂŽ: AplicarĂĄ sistemas de control avanzado a las depuradoras para reducir su consumo energĂŠtico y la emisiĂłn de gases de efecto invernadero. ReducirĂĄ la concentraciĂłn de contaminantes recalcitrantes en el agua residual.

18%

El objetivo es reducir en un 18% el consumo global del sistema.

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4NBSU 8BUFS #VSHPT ACCIONA AGUA IMPLEMENTA EN BURGOS UNA RED DE AGUA INTELIGENTE La tecnologรญa SWING (Smart Water Innovation Network In the city of BurGos) facilitarรก la detecciรณn y reparaciรณn de averรญas, mejorarรก el control de la calidad del agua y permitirรก la lectura a distancia de contadores.

A

Instalaciรณn del contador de agua (1) en el interior de viviendas, edi๏ฌ cios residenciales y zonas industriales, asรญ como sensores de calidad de agua en la red. Los datos recogidos son comunicados a travรฉs de un emisor especial (2) a una frecuencia de 868 Mhz.

1

2

SERVICIOS Pร BLICOS Dispositivos situados en la ciudad. Son los equipos encargados de enrutar y almacenar los datos de hasta 500 contadores distribuidos en su รกrea de recepciรณn.

B FI BR A TI

AGUAS DE BURGOS Los datos almacenados en los contadores de las tres zonas seleccionadas y en los sensores son enviados al Centro de Control de Datos situado en el edi๏ฌ cio de Aguas de Burgos en el centro de la ciudad.

CA

Proyecto ๏ฌ nanciado por la Uniรณn Europea a travรฉs del 7ยบ Programa Marco de investigaciรณn, desarrollo tecnolรณgico y demostraciรณn (GA 619024).

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A

ZONAS SELECCIONADAS Los 1.530 contadores de los que dispone la red estarรกn en tres zonas:

C

B A VILLALONQUEJAR ESTE. El parque industrial situado en las afueras de Burgos cuenta con 170 medidores de agua.

B BARRIADA YAGร E. La zona residencial dispone de 911 contadores.

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C VIRGEN DEL MANZANO. El รกrea metropolitana de la ciudad cuenta con 449 medidores de agua.

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$POUBNJOBOUFT FNFSHFOUFT PROCESO DE DEPURACIร N DEL AGUA

Criba con rejilla

DEPURACIร N DEL AGUA

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PRETRATAMIENTO

TRATAMIENTO PRIMARIO

La depuraciรณn consiste en eliminar o reducir los contaminantes fรญsicos, quรญmicos y biolรณgicos hasta alcanzar las caracterรญsticas de calidad y cantidad necesarias.

Se retiran los residuos grandes, las grasas y la arena mediante una criba con rejillas y se recogen los residuos mรกs pequeรฑos con un โ ๏ฌ ltro de ๏ฌ nosโ .

Despuรฉs del pretratamiento se eliminan grasas y arena.

TRATAMIENTO SECUNDARIO O BIOLร GICO Los sรณlidos se depositan en el fondo eliminando la contaminaciรณn no disuelta en el agua.

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Bacterias aerobias

Decantador

Agua depurada Rรญo

Los microorganismos se sedimentan y recogen 4

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FINALMENTE

REGRESO A LA NATURALEZA

La depuraciรณn continรบa en grandes balsas de aireaciรณn con bacterias aerobias que degradan la materia orgรกnica.

Se realiza en un decantador en forma de embudo donde el agua permanece el tiempo su๏ฌ ciente para separarse de la biomasa para reciclarla y continuar el proceso.

El agua vuelve al medio natural con un 99% menos de impurezas.

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