Discovery 2012-05 by SimixX SimixX

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4JJSOOVBRH DISCOVERY / «AMCKABEPM» ElKeMeC~4Hbl~ Hay4Ho-nonyn~pHbl~

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N2 5 [41] Maii 2012

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DISCOVERY/ «,D,~CKABEP~» E>KeMeCH"'HbiH Hay"'Ho-nonynHpHbiH >KYPHan

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DISCOVERY

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DISCOVERY

Mai1

2012

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DISCOVERY TEMA HOM EPA M3o6paJICeHue Cmpaumozo cyoa Ha nopmaJle co6opa 6 Be3Jle (c!JpaHf1UR) RpKo 60nJColl1aem 3my KapmuHy Mupa. B noJCyKpyzJCoM npocmpaHcm6e muMnaHa (ccpeputtecKoe MUp030aHue) npeocma6JCeH co6cm6eHHO Cmpaumbl/1 cyo, a no nepuMempy 3mou KOMn03Uf1UU pacnOJlOJ/CeHbl (moJ/Ce 6 KpyzJlblX MeOaJlbOHax) U3o6paJICeHUJl CeJlbCKOX03JlUCm6eHHblX pa6om. 3m om npupoOHblU f1UKJl, o6paMJlflJOU1UU cpuzypy Xpucma-Cyouu, ooJCJ/CeH MHOZOKpamHo no6mopumbcJl, npeJICoe tteM Hacmynum nocJCeOHee 6peMR U 6 ttacmHOU cyob6e, U 6 J/CU3HU MUpa. Et~11HCTBeHHhiM 3a Bee Cpet~HeBeKOBhe, KTO B03MYTI1JICll B3pa!lleHHOH Ha ,TipO)I()I(aX Xp11CTI1aHCTBa 11,[\eOJIOfl1eH 6eCKOHeqHofO HaCI1JII1ll Ha,[\ ITp11pO,'IOH, 6hiJI CBllTOH <!>paHQHCK AcCH3CKHH . 3ToT xyt~o!llaBhiH qeJIOBeK B KOp11qHeBOM 11CTpeiTaHHOM py611!lle, )1(11BIIII1H B

XIII

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XVIII

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DISCOVERY

MaH:

2012

KaX nepBOfO ,[IHBH3HOHa HHBeeTH'-\HH B HCITOJih30BaHHe eonHeqHoi1 3HepmH paeryT 6bieTPee Beero. B

2011 ro.ny

OHH yBeJIHqHJIHeb Ha 36% H eoeTaBHJIH 136 MHJIJIHap,[IOB ,[IOJIJiapOB (noqTH eTOJihKO lKe, eKOJihKO el'-\e ,[IBa fO,[Ia Ha3a,[l BKJia,[lbiBaJIH BO Be!O aJihTepHaTHBHYIO 3HepremKy). A TeXHOJIOrHH npoH3BO,[IeTBa .noeTHfJIH TaKOfO ypOBH51, qTO eTOHMOeTh <l_>OTOraJihBaHHqeeKHX Mo.nynei1: 3a ro.n ynana noqm B ,[IBa pa3a, a o6'beM HX npo.nalK Bhipoe Ky.na 6onee qeM B,[IBOe. JIH.nepaMH B pa3BHTHH TeXHOJIOfHH reJIH03HepreTHKH 5IBJI5110Te51 KHTai1 H CIIIA, npHqeM noene,[IHHe HHBeempoBaJIH B Hee B npowe.nrneM ro.ny

56 MHJIJIHap.noB .nonnapoB.

Bee 3TO BJIOlKeHH.H B 6y.nyl'-\ee, Be,[lh eei1:qae B CIIIA ,[IOJI51 eOJIHeqHOH 3HeprHH eoCTaBJI5leT Beero 0,15% OT o6I'-\ero nOTpe6neHH51. OeHOBHOH ynop .nenaeTe.H Ha pa3BHTHe 60JihiiiHX «eOJIHeqHhiX napKOB>>, TaKHX KaK CTp05II'-\HHe.H92,5-MeraBaTTHhiH Hanas Ningxia Yanehi Gaoshawo B KHTae, KOTOpbie eMOfYT nHTaTb 1..\eJihie npe.nnpH5ITH51 HJIH HaeeneHHhie nyHKThi. HeeKOJihKO MeHhiiiee BHHMaHHe y.neJI5leTe51 paenpe,lleJieHHOH eOJIHeqHOH reHepa'-\HH, TO eeTb eOJIHeqHhiM naHeJI5IM Ha Kphirnax 3,[1aHHi1. TyT nH.nepeTBO no BHe.npeHHJO npHHa.nnelKHT eTpaHaM epe,l:IH3eMHOMOpeKOfO 6aeeei1:Ha. EI'-\e B

2006

ro.ny B HcrraHHH BhiiiiJIO pacrrop.HlKeHHe

0 TOM, qTO Bee HOBbie H peKOHeTpyHpyeMhie 3,[1aHH51 ,[IOJilKHhl 6biTh o6opy,l:IOBaHbl eOJIHeqHhiMH 3JieMeHTaMH Ha KpbiiiiaX, qTo6bi o6eeneqHBaTb noTpe6HOeTb B 3HeprHH ,[IJI51 HarpeBa BO,[Ihl. I1 XOT51 3TO perneHHe He nOJIHOeTbiO BOnJIOI'-\aeTe51 B lKH3Hh, yeneXH I1crraHHH no pa3BHTHIO reJIH03HepreTHKH HeeOMHeHHhi: no ,[laHHhlM Ha

2010 fO,[I,

eyMMapHa51 MOI'-\HOeTb eOJIHeqHhiX

TepMaJibHhiX 3JieKTpOeTaH'-\HH B eTpaHe COeTaBHJia

582 MeraBaTTa. feJIH03HepreTHKa eKJia,[lbJBaeTe51 H3 HCI10Jih30BaHH51 npoeTbiX COJIHeqHhiX BO,[IOHarpeBaTeJieH (6aKOB e BO,[IOH Ha Kpbiiiie), eOJIHeqHhiX KOJIJieKTOpOB-KOH1..\eHTpaTOpOB

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HHKOBhie yeTpoi1:eTBa, Hanp.HMYIO npeo6pa3yiOI'-\He eonHeqHyJO 3HeprHJO B 3JieKTpHqeeTBO. KonneKTOphi 3aHHMaiOT npoMelKyToqHoe nOJIOlKeHHe - B HHX npoHeXO,[IHTHarpeB eOJIH'-\eM TenJIOHOeHTeJI51, a 3aTeM npeo6pa30BaHHe TenJIOBOH 3HeprHH B 3JieKTpHqeeKyJO. B KaqeeTBe TenJIOHOeHTeJI51 MOfYT BbieTynaTb BO,[Ia, rJIH'-\epHH, paCTBOphi eonei1: H paennaBhi MeTannoB. IIpeo6pa3oBaHHe lKe Tenna B 3JieKTpHqeeTBO npoH3BO,[IHTe51, HanpHMep, e nOMOI'-\hiO ,[IBHfaTeJI51 BHeiiiHero eropaHH51, TaKoro KaK MaiiiHHa CTHPJIHHra. IlpHH'-\Hn ee ,[leHeTBH513aKJIJOqaeTe51 B noeT05IHHOM qepe,l:IOBaHHH HarpeBaHH.H H oxnalK,[IeHH.H pa6oqeroTena (ra3a) B 3aKpb!TOM 1..\HJIHH,[Ipe, B pe3yJihTaTe qero pa3HH'-\a TeMnepaTyp npeo6pa3yeTe51 B pa6oTy. Cpe,l:IH KOJIJieKTOpOB MOlKHO HaHTH HeMaJIO HHTepeeHbiX KOHeTpyK'-\HH, HanpHMep «eonHeqHhie 6aw-

DISCOVERY TEMA HOM EPA HeT cl>a3bl HarpeBa TeiiJIOHOCMTeJIH, 3HepfMH COJ!Hl\a HarrpHMYIO rrpeo6pa3yeTCH B 3JieKTpM'IeCTBO. Ho OHM ~OpO)!{e M CJIO)!{Hee B

IIpOM3BO~CTBe,

MeHee

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M ~onroBe'fHbJ. O~HaKo OHM He3aMeHMMbi

B KOCMOCe, IIOCKOJ!bKY ~JIH MX ci>YHKl\MOHMpOBaHMH He HY)!{Hbi

~orroJIHMTeJihHhie

pacxo~Hbie MaTepMaJibi, M Herrnoxo ce6H 3apeKOMeH~OBaJIM KaK aBTOHOMHblll MCTO'fHMK 3HepruM He6oJihiiioro o6'heMa.

HM» (60JibUJMe KOJIJieKTOpbl). OHM 6biJIM rrpM~yMaHbl

TEMnEPATYPA B <PO·

COBeTCKMM MH)!{eHepOM HMKOJiaeM JlMHMl.\KMM eme

KYCE 60nbWOIO

B 1930-x ro~ax. BoKpyr 6aumM-rrpMeMHMKa cTpOMTCH

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B 6aiiiHIO coJIHe'fHbie IIY'IM. B 6aiiiHe Haxo~MTCH rra-

3500 ' C

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HeCJIO)!{HO, O~HaKO MX KOMIIOHeHTbl CTOHT

'feM aKTMBHO 3aHMMaeTCH cl>MpMa Stirling

~OBOJ!bHO ~0p0r0 M Tpe6yiOT Tll\aTeJibHOrO

Solar Energy, KOTopaH rrJiaHMpyeT ~OCTM'fh

IIpOM3BO~CTBa M aKKypaTHOll ycTaHOBKM.

Ha IIOCTpOeHHOll B KaJIMci>OpHMM CTaHl\MM

IlpM 3KCIIJiyaTal\MM BeTpHKOB 3a MX COCTO-

MOil\HOCTM 850 MeraBaTT.

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3JieKTpOCTaHl\MM Ha cl>OT03JieMeHTaX

He B03HMK IIO)!{ap M3-3a B03ropaHMH CMa3-

Ha rrepBblll B3fJIH~ rrporpeCCMBHee- B HMX

KM, He 06Jie~eHeJIM JIOIIaCTM M T. ~.Bee 3TO

DISCOVERY

Mai1 2012

DISCOVERY TEMA HOM EPA B CJia6opa3BHTbiX

KaK yCTpoeHhi B3Y? 06ll(a.H cxeMa pa6oThi BhirJI.H-

CTpaHaX. Coopy)l{aTb HX ITOBCeMeCTHO HeT CMbiCJia,

,nHT TaK: BeTep pacKpyqHsaeT pOTOp, KOTOpb!H CB.H3aH

se_nb OHH 3<l><l>eKTHBHbl TOJibKO TaM, r_ne ITOCTO.HHHO

C reHepaTOpOM, Bbipa60TaHHOe 3JieKTpHqeCTBO rro_na-

3aTpy,nH.HeT HCITOJih30BaHHe

B3Y

,nyeT BeTep. Ho H B TaKHX MeCTaX HeT rapaHTHH, qyo

eTC.H qepe3 KOHTpOJIJiep Ha aKKYMYJI.HTOpbl, a HHBepTop

B,npyr He ycTaHOBHTC.H MHOfO,nHeBHbiH IIITHJ!b, IT0-

rrpeo6pa 3yeT TOK B rrpHrO,nHhiH ,nJI.H HCfiOJib30BaHH.H.

3TOMY ,neJiaTh BeTp.HKH e,nHHCTBeHHbiM HCTQqHHKOM

Ha KpyrrHhiX rrpoMhiiiiJieHHhiX BeTp.HKax eCTh ell(e

3HepmH HeJih3.H. 3aTO rrpH y_naqHQM COBrra,neHHH BCeX

H ,nOITOJIHHTeJihHhie CHCTeMhl , MeH.H!Oll(He yrOJI aTa-

reorpa<l>HqeCKHX,

KH norracTeif, rroMoraJOll(He roH,none 11 poTopy opH-

3KOHOMJ1qeCKHX H COl(HaJibHbiX

<PaKTopos B3Y 6 y ,nyTBbipa6aTbiBaTb 3Heprmo 6e3 Ka-

eHTHposaThC.H OTHOCHTeJihHO BeTpa , TOpM03.Hll(He

KHX-JIH60 pacxo,nOB , HCKJI!Qqa.H 3KcrrJiyaTal(HOHHbie .

spall(eHHe 11 T. ,n. Ha116onee pacrrpoCTpaHeHbi seTpo-

B3Y MOryT o6na,naTb MOll(HOCTb!O ,no 5 MeraBaTT, KaK

reHepaTOpbi C rOpH30HTaJibHOH OCb!O Bpall(eHH.H, HO

H3,nenHe HeMel(KOH <l>HpMbi REpower Systems

AG -

aKTHBHO pa3BHBaJOTC.H 11 B3Y c sepTHKaJibHOH ocbJO,

BeTp.HK 180- MeTpOBOfO <<pOCTa >>, Cpa3MaXOM JIOITaCTeH

11, KaK rrpaBHJIO , JIOITaCTeH y HHX MHOfO, a He TpH ,

126 MeTpOB. 06hJqHa.H )l{e MOll(HOCTb - 1- 2 MeraBaTTa.

KaK y KJiacCHqeCKHX, qyo6hi 3<l><l>eKTHBHee <<JIOBHTb

HE OT CETI/1 EJ/Cezoorto U3o6pemaemcfl MHOJ/Cecmeo ;uo6onbzmHblX meXHOJlOZUU, npeOJlGZG10UJUX He06bl'iHble cnoco6bl n003apflOUmb M06UJlbHUK, npu 3mOM C3KOHOMU6 OeHbZU U He Ha6peOU6 OKp)I.JICG10UJeU cpeoe.

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Chemistry CAellallL-1 KOMnaKT-

Lite0n MOlKeT Clly-

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DISCOVERY

Maif

2012

ra3 Afl51 KOTOporo npOLo13BOALo1TC51

KPYT~ ~ 3APSI>KAH

B KaPTPL-1AlKe PowerPukk c TexHOJlOrL-lefi mobile-H2 . no6oYHblfi

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speM51 spall\eHL-151 Ha naJlbUe. npL-1

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MHJIJIHOHOB B 65- MHJIJIHOHHOH

ropa3,t~O CI1JihHee, qeM paHb-

cpe,t~H

BaHHe, CTaJIO ITpeTeH,!IOBaTh Ha 6oJiee Bbi-

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,!laH ll peHTHHfll ITOJIHTHKOB-Hal.IHOHaJIH- ~

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CTOB. IIop; y.n;apaMM p;HcKpMMHHau;MoHHoH ~ ~

YlMeHHO B 3TOT MOMeHT KOpHH KOHcpJIHKTa

,t~aJIH ITepBbie pocTKI1. HaTbiKaJICh Ha pa-

MaiiiHHbl OKa3aJII1Cb ll Te MeHbiiii1HCTBa,

if'

cncTCKHe ITpe,t~paccy,t~KH pa6oTo,t~aTeJiei1,

KOTOpb!e y)l{e MHOfO JieT He HMeJIH ITpO-

apa6hi, 6ep6epbl ll acppHKaHI..Ihl ITOITOJIHJI-

6JieM C HHTerpal.IHeHH ,!laBHO OTpeiiiHJIHCb

Jill pll,!lbl cppaHI..IY3CKHX 6e3pa60THbiX -

OT po,t~HhiX KYJihTyp, HaiTpHMep ypo)l{,t~eH- ·~

n ITepeceJIJIJIHCh B ITpnropo,t~hi,

DISCOVERY

r,t~e

Mai1 2012

MO)I{HO

Hbie ceHeraJibQhi.

YBnEYEHV1E PEIV10HAnbHbiMV1 TPA,[\V1-

3A liEJibiM fOPHOCTAEM

Topa u ITMCaTeJIH-cl>aHTacTa }l{uJIH CepBa <<EeJihiH

CHe)I(HbiH KOM Hepa3peweHHhiX ITponmopequJ1 pacTeT

ropHOCTaH>>. 3TOT Xllll\Hb!H 3BepeK, TOqHee, ero MeX

L(V1S1MV1 OXBATV1nO CEIO.[\HS1WHIOIO

Ha rJia3aX C KaTaCTpocpuqecKOH CKOpOCTb!O. HacMJib-

ell\e CO BpeMeH Cpe,liHeBeKOBbH cquTaeTCH CMMBOJIOM

ct>PAHL\V110

CTBeHHaH llHTerpal\MH6bJJia ITJIOXMM peweHMeM- O,li-

peruoHa. AHTHMHJIMTapuCTa u aHTMrJio6aJIHCTa Cep-

HaKO M KOHl\eiTl\llH ITO MMeHM <<MYJibTHKYJib'rypaJIH3M>>,

Ba ITOCIIelliMJill 06'hHBMTb <<6peTOHCKllM Hal\MCTOM>>,

err a-

a MeCTHoe OT,lleJieHue YJibTpaiTpaBoro Hal\MOHaJihHoro

ceHueM, YBhi, TO)I(e oKa3aJiacb He)I(M3Hecrroco6Hoil.

ci>pOHTa C,lleJiaJIO 3TY ITeCHIO CBOMM rMMHOM. CepBa OITy-

A Ha cl>oHe rJio6aJIM3Ma, pacTBOpHIO!l\ero JII06hie

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H,lleHTuqHOCTH,

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K ITOMCKy ~KOpHeH~ O,liOJieBaeT M 3THuqe-

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CKaH,llaJI ITOBTopuJICH B caM OM KOHI..\e 2011-ro: Ha ceil pa3 6JIIOCTMTeJIH fJI06aJIHCTCKOH HpaBCTBeHHOCTll OITOJiqllJIMCb Ha HoJI~BeHH Jle_Qya, J50!0POH T~J:<!f<e ITPMITMCaJIM cpawucTcKue B3rJIH,llhi 3a ITeHue Ha 6pe-

TOHCKOM 5!3biKe. BITpoqeM, ,lleByWKa He pacTepHJiaCh a ee OTBeT pa30llieJIC5! Ha JI03yHrM M 1..\HTaTbl B cpe,lle

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cl>oJihKJiopa u ITpa3,liHHKOB. O,liHaKo B 3TOH HOBOH BOJI-

CM3Ma M aHTHCeMMTll3Ma CJie,llyeT 6opOTbC5! C aHTM-

He CJIO)I(HO 06Hapy)I(MTb ITpll3HaKH KCeHocl>o6uu MJIM

KeJihTCKllMll HaCTpOeHMHMll, KaK M C JII060H ,11pyroJ1

Hal\MOHaJIH3Ma - H,lleOJIOfll ,liBH)I(eHMH BbiCTyiTaiOT 3a

HeTepiTHMOCTb!O~. HaCMJibCTBeHHO CTHpaTb H,lleHTHq-

pa3Hoo6pa3ue KYJihTyp, a He 3a oxpaHy rpaHMl\ CBO-

HOCTb, M He TOJibKO Hal\MOHaJibHYIO, -

ux KYJihTYPHhiX BoTquH. BITpoqeM, He o6xo,liHTCH 6e3

ITepeyquBaTb JieBWeH. 0,liHaKO M K OC03HaHHIO 3TOfO

1998 ro,11y cppaHl\Y3CKaH ITpecca Myccupo-

l\HBHJIM3al\HH ITpuwJia He cpa3y- a 3HaquT, qeJioBe-

Ka3ycoB . B

DISCOVERY

u ,lla)l(e B 6peTOHCKOH rJiy6uHKe TeiTepb

ITpHMhie ITOTOMKM KeJihTOB, O,liHOfO

6peTOHCKOfO 5!3b!Ka, ITOITYJIHpH3al\Mll KeJibTCKOfO

6eJIM3Ha. 0,liHaKO 3TO )l(llBOTHOe MeHHeT 1..\BeTa, KaK

OKa3biBaeTCH He TaKMM y)l( M O,liHOpO,li-

BCe paBHO qTO

BaJia <<rOpHOCTaeBhiH CKaH,llaJI>> , ITpllqllHOH KOTOporo

qecTBY ell\e ITpe,liCTOHT cpuHaJihHoe cpa)l(eHue 3a B03-

CTaJia ITeCHH-MaHucl>ecT 6peTOHCKoro 6ap,11a, CKYJibiT-

MO)I(HOCTh IT03BOJIMTb Ka)l(,liOMY 6biTb CaMMM C060H.

Maii:

2012

DISCOVERY TEMA HOM EPA

MUCKA CAJIATA

nPE3VIAEHT CWA

To, e 'leM eTOJIKHyJiaeh <!>paHI.\IUI,- rrpo6JieMa OTHIO,!\h

6APAK 06AMA CTAJl n EPBbiM nPEACTABVI-

He HOBMI. I10X0)101e BOIIpOehi eTO JieT Ha3a,!\ eTOJIJIH

TEJlEM HAL\VIOHAJlb-

rrepe,!l o611-1eeTBOM Coe,!IHHeHHhiX lliTaTOB AMepHKH.

HbiX MEHbWVIHCTB

I1 OTBeT Ha HHX TO)I{e He 6b!JI ITOJiy'leH.

HA3TOM nOCTY

«AMepHKa -

eo3,!1aHHhiH EoroM BeJIH'Iai1nmi1

ITJiaBHJ!hHh!H KOTeJI, B KOTOpOM errJiaBJIJIJOTeJI Bee HapO.I\hi EBporrhi. .. HeMQhi 11 ¢paHQY3hi, HpJiaH,!\1.\hi H aHfJIH'IaHe , eBpeH H pyeeKHe -

p11KaHeKHM rrpe,I~KaM. ManaJI BeJII1'111Ha KYJihTypHoi1

Bee B ::!TOT THfeJih.

rrporraeTI1 IT03BOJIHJia rrepeKI1HYTh B KOHQe KOHQOB

TaK fOCITO,!\h e03,!\aeT HaQHIO aMepHKaHQeB~,- BOe-

MOeTI1K Me)l{,!ly «BaerraMI1>>, 6eJih!MI1 aHrJioeaKeaMI1,

XHII.\aJieJI repofl ITheehi, HarrHeaHHOH B 1909 fO,!\y 113-

11 6hiBlli11M11 pa6aMH -

pa::JJieM 3aHrBHJIJIOM. Ha3BaHHe ,I~paMhi <<IlJiaBHJih-

Tpe60BaJIOeb HeeKOJihKO ,I~eeJITHJieTHH60pb6bi e ee-

HhiH KOTeJI~ ITOJIJ06HJIOeb aMepHKaHeKHM aKyJiaM

rperaQ11eH, 'IT06bJ eJIOMaTb ,!\11eKpHMI1HaQ110HHhJe

HO ,!\JIJI 3T0f0, KOHe'IHO, ITO-

rrepa, a ITOTOM H 3THOJ!OfaM. MeTa<!Jopa KOTJia eTaJia

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KOB ITJiaHTaTOpOB.

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B HeM HeeKOJ!hKO eTOJieTI1H, He eMOfJIO 11HTerp11pO-

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JiaTI1HOeOB 11 a3H-

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BHJ!hHOfO KOTJia>> eTaJII1 Herphl, ITOTOMKI1 pa6oB,

C03,!\aBaTh eBoH KBapTaJihi, yn11Qhi 11 ,!la)l{e QeJibie ro-

BhiBe3eHHhiX MHoro BeKoB Ha3a,!\ H3 A¢p11KH. Bhi-

po,!leKI1e paHOHhl.

XO.I\1.\hi 113 pa3Hh!X ITJieMeH, OHI1 rrepeMelllaJII1eh e11-1e

He MeHee oCTpo, 'leM B CTapoM CBeTe.

I1 rrpo6JieMa 11X HHTerpaQH11 eTOHT

Ha ITJiaHTaQHJIX. IlOTepRBllll1e eBJI3h e a<lJp11KaHeKI1M11 KYJihTypaM11, OHH rrpHHHMaJII1 xpHeTHaHeKyJO Bepy 11 K TOMY )l{e 'laCTO pO)I{,!IaJIH ,!leTefl OT 6eJib!X X03JieB -

KaK HeeJIO)I{HO ,1\0fa,!(aTbeJI, He Beer,!(a

,I~o6poBOJihHO. B pe3yJihTaTe B03HI1K YHI1KaJihHhii1 ::JTHoe, 6onee KYJihTYPHO 6JII13KI1i1 K <<6eJioMy rrpoTeeTaHTeKoMy 6oJihllii1HeTBy>> AMep11KH, 'leM K a¢-

DISCOVERY

Mai1

2012

He CllUUlKOM mepnuMo aMepuKaHcKoe o6rwcm6o omHocumcfl u Kco6peMeHHbtM 6blXOOl{aM U3 AcppuKu. Oco6eHHO KpUmU'lHO HacmpoeHbl K HUM, KaK HU cmpaHHO, acppoaMepuKaHl{bl. «B&z Hac npooaJLu. /fa6HO, 6 pa6cm6o», - Z060p5lm OHU 6 JLUl{O meM, Kmo npu6&z6aem c ux 3a6&zmoii ucmopu'lecKoii poouHbl.

MOChi BKYCI1JII1 Bcex 3arrpeTHhiX IIJIO,l10B EBporrhi: III1JII1 B11CKI1, KYPI1JII1, rraJII1JII1 113 omeCTpeJihHOro opy)!(l15111 rrpeKpaCHo 3HaJI11QeHy ,l1eHhraM. «IlopOKI1 Q11BI1JII13aQ1111>>, KOHeqHo, He C,ljeJiaJII1 3CKI1MOCOB «Q11BI1JII130BaHHee» -

O,ljHaKO IIp11HeC-

JII1 c co6oif paccJioeHI1e, pa3pyiiieHI1e o6ll.II1Hhi 1111Cqe3HOBeHI1e Tpa.l111lii10HHOif KYJihTYPhi. 3THorpa¢hi Ha3biBaiOT 3TO BI1KTYIMI13aQ11eif KYJihTYPhi: ypoBeHh CMepTHOCTI1, 11 6e3 TOfO B Tpa,!111Q110HHhiX 06ll.leCTBaX 06bJqHO He MaJieHbKI1M, HeyKJIOHHO paCTeT, a paCIIIaTbiBaHI1e CTa611JihHOCT116paKOB Be,ljeT K COKpameHI110 po)!(,l1aeMocTI1. B o6mecTBax rroHBJIHeTcH cepbe3HaH rrpeCTyiiHOCTh -

IIp11 HeCIIOC06HOCTI1 6opOThC51 C HeM

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C03,!1aHI1e <<513h!KO-

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11 rrom6HyTh caMoi1. EcTb JII1 y Hee XOTh ManeHbKI1i1 rnaHc crraCTI1Cb?

AHHa YPMAHL.IEBA

DISCOVERY

Kor,11a KOHqaeT c co6oi1: qeJioBeK, ero 6JIH3KHe o6biK-

Hallly I.(HBHJIH3al.(mo HMeHyJOT TexHoreHHOi1 - TO

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MHOfOfO ,liOCTJil%. lliaHC, KOTOpb!H pHCKyeT YITYCTJiiTb

II.(JiiX B o61I.(eCTBe ITpo6JieM. CoBpeMeHHhiH qeJioBeK

Hallla I.(JiiBJiiJIH3ai.(HH, -

3TO B03MO)!{HOCTb BCTpeqJil

yiToBaeT He Ha Eora, He Ha ITPHPO.lly, He Ha ce6H- aHa

C ce6e ITO,li06HbiMJil. K TaKOMY HeO)!{Jil,llaHHOMY BbiBO-

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.liY ITPHilleJI reopmi1 MaJIHHei.(KJiiH, BJill.(e-ITpe3Jil,lleHT

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ro,llapH JiiM Mbl MOfJIJil 6bi 6b!Tb ycJib!Il!aHbl Hail!JiiMJil

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c 59

DISCOVERY AECSITO"' KA AOMCTOPM"'ECKMMnYWMCTMK EHOJIOfli H3 CiliA OIIHeaJIH 3BepyrnKy, HaM,ljeHHYIO HMH B Jlaoee Ha MeeTHOM pb!HKe, r,11e ee rrpo,l1aBaJIH Ha MHeo. II03)!(e ee y.l1aJioeh 3aeHHTh Ha BH,l1eO B rrpHp0,11e. 3TO 6biJia JiaoeeKaH eKaJibHaH Kpbiea - rpbi3YH H3 IIO,l10T-

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eqHTaJiaeb BhiMepweH:. Ho «HarnJiaeb >>, KaK 3TO qaeTo 6bmaeT, Ha

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DISCOVERY

Mai1 2012

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DISCOVERY

Mai1

2012

M ECTO HA KAPTE tO>KHAS1

AMEP~KA

1. HA~MOHAnbHbiM nAPK ccnEHCOMC-MAPAHbEHCEC», &PA3MnMSI MECTO:

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DISCOVERY

Mail 2012

CaH-JlyMc

qepeiTaXHH pa3Hhie BH,!Ihi pbi6. Jlyqiiiee BpeMH ,1\JIH ITOCe!lleHHH ITapKa - CHIOHH ITO CeHTH6pb.

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DISCOVERY

Maif

2012

BH3A: IlleHreH, €35, OT 7

t~Heil.

POCC~SI

4. nAMSITHMK KOTEHKY BACE, BOPOHE>K MECTO:

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<<PycJiawH>>, UTair, OT 3900 py6.; P)K,IJ; OT 1820 py6.

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DISCOVERY

Maw

2012

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DISCOVERY

Mai1

2012

DISCOVERY KYm1HAPHbiE TPAA11lll111

KocMonoJII1Thi 11 3a.HAJihie nyTernecTBeHHI1KI1 BCTpeqa-

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DISCOVERY

Maif 2012

I1x MO)I(HO o6Hapy)I(I1Th

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DISCOVERY KYm1HAPHbiE TPAA11lll111

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DISCOVERY

Mai1

2012

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DISCOVERY

Maif 2012

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AOCbE DISCOVERY

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106

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107

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108

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uskoro! ,ll;o cKopoii BCTpe'II1!

110

DISCOVERY

Mai12012

DISCOVERY PEnOPTAJK

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B HaCTO.HilleH HarypaJibHOH 3KOHOMI1Ke, He

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112

DISCOVERY

MaM:

yxa)!(I1BaTb

2012

11 ,11a)!(e

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113

DISCOVERY PEnOPTAJK CTOJieTI1H TaK Ha3hiBaeMhie dude ranch, aTTpaKl\110H ):(JI.H TeX, KTO XOTeJI O!liYTI1Th MaH.H!lii1H BKyc ,[(11Koro 3aiTa):(a, -

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115

DISCOVERY no3HaBaR Mup, 'lenoseK ucnonb3yer ace opraHbl 'IYBCTBu BKyc He ucKnJO'IeHue. HanurKu, e11a u npucnoco6neHURI1flR ee npurOTOBfleHfttfl CnOC06Hbl,l1aTb nu~y He TOflbKO >Keny,l1Ky, HO Itt yMy.

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116

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•

DISCOVERY

MaM:

2012

. 3HMA HA nOilKE B 1850 ro,11y aMepHKaHe'-1

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DISCOVERY cnOPT

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B aKT4UU npuHJlllU y'lacmue oKoJLo 370 mblCJI'l GallOH08 Kpacombl U napUKMaxepCKUX, 8 moM 'IUCJLe OllJl J/CU8omHblX. B nyHKmbt c6opa eJ/CeOHe8HO nocmynaJLo 200 mOHH MamepuaJLa. BOllOHmepbl Ha6U8aJLU 80JlOGaMU U tuepcmb10 KanpOH08ble MelUKU, a noJLy'lu8tuuecJl mwcpRKU pacKJLaObt8aJLu 800llb 6epezo8oii JLUHUU. TaKUM o6pa3oM yoaJLOCb 8 KaKoii-mo cmeneHu 3aw,umumb no6epeJICbe om HecpmRHOZO 3aZp513HeHUJl. qepe3 HeCKOJihKO ,!1Hei1 nocne B3phma Ha Deepwater Horizon yqeHhie 6hiJIH nopa)!(eHhi BHe3anHh!M IfCqe3HOBeHHeM qacTH pa3JIHToi1 HecpTH. MccJie,!loBaTeJiw B3JIJIH npo6b! BO,[Ihl H3 HecpTJIHOfO IIIJiei1:cpa, 06-

136

DISCOVERY

Mail

2012

CAMbiE KPYnHbiE PA3nMBbl HECI>TM B MCTOPMM r.1CTOLiHIIIK HETIII

MECTO

He<!>THHble MeCTOPOJKAeHIIIH : Kyse~h. nepC~ACK~~ 3ali~B KyaeHTa !

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: rOA j

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! soeHHble Ae~CTB~51, A~Bepc~51

1991 :

6ollee 7900

MecTopOJKAeHIIIe IlaHKBbiO-rawep

: CWA, wTaT Kall~¢opH~51

! ow~6K~ np~ 6ypeH~~

1910 :

1200

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! MeKc~KaHCK~~ 3ali~B, CWA

! ow~6Ka nepcoHalla, B3PbiB ! ~ noJKap

2010 :

670

: HeKOHTpOll~pyeMbl~ Bbl6poc

1979 :

480

, CTOliKHOBeH~e CYAOB, ; noJKap

1979 :

287

: HeKOHTpOll~pyeMbl~ Bbl6poc ; HeQ>T~, noJKap

1992 :

285

: pa3pbiB HeQ>TenpOBOAa

1994 :

270

: CTOliKHOBeH~e CTaHKepOM,

1983 :

...

260

1991

260

1983 :

252

1978 :

223

1991 1988 :

144 132

; MeKC~KaHCK~~ 3ali~B, MeKC~Ka

TaHKepbl Atlantic : Kap~6cKoe Mope, y no6epelKb51 Empress 111 Aegean Captain ! Tp~H~AaAa-~-To6aro : Y36eK~cTaH

He<t>TenpoBOA XapbHra - YciiiHCK He<!>THHaH nnaT<!>opMa Hoapya

! Pocc~51 , Pecny6li~Ka KoM~, : 6acce~H peK~ Kollsa

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: OT no6epeJKb51 KaHaAbl

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! ocTposa C~llll~ , Beli~Ko6p~TaH~51 ! ow~6Ka wTypMaHa , cell Ha p~¢ ! OMaHCK~~ 3ali~B :' CTOliKHOBeH~e c APYr~M CYAHOM , : noJKap

1967 : 1972 :

119 115

•

DISCOVERY B MIIIPE HAYKIII

n Pll1'-1111 HA 111 nOCJl EACTBII1s:l

pa3oBaBweroeJI Ha ,!\He MeKOIKaHeKoro 3amma rroene aBap1111. 0Ka3anoeh, 'ITO

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5 °C.

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11 enerro Bep11Th KoMy-

JII16o 113 HI1X He eTOI1T, Be,llh 11eTI1Ha, KaK 113BeeTHO, r,lle-To rroeepe,lii1He. D

DISCOVERY AC!H1WA BbiCTaBKa

CnABHbiE TPAAHUHH ITapycHI1KI1, 6op03.11HI.Q11e OKeaHCK11e 11pOCTOpbl, 3aBOpa)!(I1BaiOT CBOeif poMaHTI1qecKOM KpaCOTOM 11 B Haiii aTOMHbiM: BeK. B ::!TOM nerKo y6e,l111TbCH, 110CeTI1B BbiCTaBKY <l_>oTorpa<l_>11i1: AneKcaH,l1pa llbBOBa <1K 6eperaM PyccKoM: AMep11KI1», OTKpbiBIIIYIOCH 18 a11peJIH B f10JII1TeXHI1qeCKOM My3ee. BhiCTaBKa, faBaHa- ropo,l16ecrreqHocTI111 BeceJibH. B KI1HOaJibMaHaxe <<faBaHa, H mo6mo Te6H!»,

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Discovery 11 PyccKI1M reorpa-

JI111-Ia 0CTpOBa CB060,11bl pacKpbiBaeTCH C pa3Hb!X CTOpOH. HoBeJIJibl CHHTbl 110 paCCKa3aM

<l_>11qecKI1M 06I.QeCTBOM, CTaJia

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O,l1Horo 113

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140

DISCOVERY

Mail: 2012

C 16 Ma51 no 15 L-110n51 , MocKOBCKL-111 nnaHerapL-111

C 18 anpen51 no 20 Ma51 , MOCKBa, nonl-1T8XHL-1Y8CKL-111 My3el1

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1979 ro,11y Ha Epo,11Bee. fJiaB-

HYJO poJih B He if 11CITOJIHI1JI ,ll;)l(eK JleMMOH. B rrocTaHOBKe TeaTpa caT11phi 3TY poJih 11CITOJIHHJOT ,11Ba aKTepa -

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3, 11,18,31 MaSl ,MOCKBa,TeaTpcan1pbl. PelK~Ccep : Cepre~ Ap~~6aweB . B POilSIX: lt1ropb naryT~H.

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crreKTaKJIH <~KOJIOM6a, 11JII1 Mapw Ha CI.\eHy!~ rro rrhece )l(aHa AHyH

KOTOpbie rry6JII1Ka rrpeiiO):IHOCMT

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11 106K11, TpocTI1 11 ,!leKOJih-

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2012

141

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DISCOVERY C06biTHE

CbECTliiBAnb 3KCTPEMAnOB ~

Onbra 60f,ll.AHOBA

[Q] ,ll.aHHn K0Jl0,ll.I1H C 30 Mapn ITO 8 aiTpeJUI Ha KypopTe <<Po3a XyTop>> B KpaCHoif Ilomme ITporneJI ITepBhiH Snow Camp by Quiksilver. ,ll;JIH cpecnmami CHoy6op,t~11CTOB 11 HbJOCKynepoB ITOCTp011JII1 CIIel(l1aJibHbiH 3KCTp11M-ITapK. MacTep cHe)!{HbiX KOHCTPYKI.111H TaifcoH

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