Architecture Portfolio / Han Kuo

THE ARCHITECTURE PORTFOLIO THE RESEARCHES AND PROJECTS 2008-2012

Han Kou

THE ARCHITECTURE PORTFOLIO THE RESEARCHES AND PROJECTS 2008-2012

There are four projects in this portfolio. These projects are basically in accordance with some hypotheses of the realistic circumstances.

The first one is in the condition that the past infrastucture of railway system was completely preserved. The second project is the studies of local fishing industry and tries to combine the fishing harbor with the abandoned shipbuilding yards.

The final one is a small project or an additional installation of the historic building.

CONTENTS THE FLOATING CUBE The reuse of turntable and roundhouse _01

A DYING HARBOR The revival of ямБshing industry

_17

THE DISTRIBUTION MACHINERY The renovation of dry docks

_31

THE NARRATIVE GALLERY The addition of former consulate

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THE FLOATING CUBE

THE REUSE OF TURNTABLE AND ROUNDHOUSE Kaohsiung port station park

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The Kaohsiung Port Station Park The Kaohsiung Port Station and the land surrounding its railway cover the area which has its northern boundary at Wufu Road, western boundary at Gushan 1st Road, with the railway being the southern and eastern boundaries. It covers an area of 15.42 hectares.

There are three most flourishing port cities over a hundred years ago: Tainan, Lugang and Monga ( today’s Wanhua ), emerged due to marine transportation, while railroads contributed to the later rise of most of the major metropolises in Taiwan, such as Kaohsiung, Taichung and Taipei.

Kaohsiung City is an example of the port cities that underwent modernization through railroad and port construction projects during Japanese colonization.

Railroads provoked mass migration and resulted in the emergence of metropolitan civilization.

In 1945, the Japanese government withdrew from Taiwan due to its defeat in the WWII. As the city center moved northward, the passenger transportation between Kaohsiung and Pingtung ceased in 1968.

The current circumstance which this area has been unused for a long time become an urban issue. The government of Kaohsiung initiate a plan to make this vast area be the historical park of Kaohsiung port station.

_04

T he Roundhouse The development of Kaohsiung City was closely related to the railroads.

During the period of colonization, japanese government built the modern railway system of Kaohsiung port which result in the prosperity of the sugar industry and transportation of cargos.

The modern railway system includes many sorts of facilities, administation system, railway lines, roundhouse and turntable.

A roundhouse is a building used by railroads for servicing locomotives.

Roundhouses are large, circular or semicircular structures that were traditionally located surrounding or adjacent to turntables.

The deďŹ ning feature of the traditional roundhouse was the turntable, which facilitates access when the building is used for repair facilities or for storage of locomotives.

The reservation of roundhouse would be the identiďŹ able symbol of the memories about the prosperous railway system in the past.

1983

1985

1989

1993 2010

the reservation

Programming of roundhouse Without all the locomotives, the roundhouse would become merely an empty space with rooftop. It supposed to be more than an exhibition of locomotives or the historical spacial experiences for public people. By cooperating with the adjacent art region, the Pier-2 Art Centre, these two region with similar industrial bakground could be simply united and link all the pier regions which would be open to the public.

_08

The Mechanization of Stage Between 550 BC and 220 BC, the theatre of Ancient Greece was built and became a signiďŹ cant status of drama symbol in the history of human civilization.

It was a theater without rooftop, a totally open vast theater all designed through the accurate combination of functions and ancient Greek aesthetic.

It only got the semicircular auditorium which was built right on the hill, an area for orchestra and the performing space was a simple circular space with background.

As the development of performing stage, it become more advanced and be full of apparatuses. In this way, all the playwrights and actors could try any kind of possibilities, such as a transformation scene or stage eects.

The reasons of going to a dramatic theatre now not only because the brilliant performance or the outstanding actors and actresses but also the attractive apparatuses blended into the play.

oating cube ( backstage )

revolving stage

foundation of turntable

Turn the abandoned turntable of past railway system into a modern revolving stage, it will become the engine of the renewed roundhouse experimental theatre.

dismantling components

revolving railway turntable

dynamic auditorium

roundhouse

_10

The Floating Cube The oating cube above the revolving stage is functional to adjust and transform itself to multiple performing types of experimetal troupes. The revolving stage retained the old rail track in order to easily switch the scenes during the process of play and shift the dynamic auditorium units.

By shifting the units, this area could be available for three sorts of basic purposes. The type of totally public open square is the area with the concealment of all the auditorium units.

The type of Greek theatre is a performing space by shfting all the units surrounding the revolving stage. And the type of small theatre, it gather some auditorium units under the oating cube in order to become the small indoor theatre.

observatory

oďŹƒce

rehearsal

dynamic auditorium units

performence space

revolving stage

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12 m

type_1 public open square

concept model of oating cube type_2 Greek theatre

type_3 small indoor theatre _12

Walkways And Railtracks The circular walking pathes are directly surrounding the main performing spuare to develop the part of the area for people to experience this abandoned infrastructure.

The originally existing rail track system radiated from the center of the revolving stage. In this circumstance, the rail track system could be reused as the track to shift the auditorium units.

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roundhouse_1983

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roundhouse_present

performing space

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With the reservation of roundhouse and the reuse of railway turntable, it would be a indirect medium for the entering of experimental troupes and artists. The Kaohsiung port station park could be more than a urban public space.

THE REBIRTH OF A DYING HARBOR THE REVIVAL OF FISHING INDUSTRY The research of ямБshing port_1

Keelung Fishing Industry The fishing port of Keelung used to locate at the seawater area which is between the Peace Island and the main island, and this port was used as a northern base of Taiwan for deep-sea or pelagic fishing.

In 1934, while Taiwan was belonged to Japanese government, the fishing infrastructure and facilities had been completed gradually.

Such as fishing market, warehouse, fuel station, and broadcast station.

Also, the Japanese government built some fishing manufacturing factories and stations, and even built a climatological station to serve the fishing industry. In tis way, this fishing port became the biggest and busies fishing base in Taiwan.

After World War Two, Taiwan was return to the China and this fishing port was renamed as Cheng-Bin Port.

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Fishing Base Of Northern Taiwan In 1946, there were many professional engineers from Shanghai and fishermen who own trawlers coming Cheng-Bin port.

These professional fishing experts came to develop the trawling technique and made the Cheng-Bin port, or Keelung port as the fishing base of northern Taiwan.

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The Development

the scales of ďŹ shing ships

However, as the development of fishing industry and fishing ships both became large-sized, and the amount of fishing ships also became quite large. All they need is a deeper dock.

The original fishing port could not support these new requirements anymore.

During 1961, the government invested a considerable amount of money in some constructions which tried to promote the facilities of Cheng-Bin Port.

Unfortunately, these strategies or policies still could not pursue the trend of modernized fishing industry.

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In 1974, the government of Taiwan made a decision and started a project to build another fishing port at the east side of Keelung.

When this new harbor was completed, the whole fishing industry will be shifted from the old one to the new one.

In 1992, the construction of new fishing harbor was finished.

The new fishing harbor was separated into the Ba-Doutz port and the Bi-Sha port. Moreover, the Bi-Sha port was major in fishing industry and replaced the old one, Cheng-Bin port.

It resulted the falling of Cheng-Bin port.

_26

After a few decades What can the abandoned shipbuilding yards be transferred?

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The CSBC, Chinese Shipbuilding Corporation, is separated into two parts, two factories. One located in Kaohsiung Port which is the ďŹ rst largest harbor of Taiwan and also the number 12 biggest port in the world.

The other one located right in the Keelung Port. However this one gradually got worse and worse due to the small-size shipbuilding yards and the shipbuilding economy is in a slump around the world.

Therefore most business or shipbuilding cases are transferred to the factory in Kaohsiung. Maybe in the future these shipbuilding yards will be totally abandoned.

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SHIPBUILDING CORPORATION

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Re-use The Dry Docks As Catalyst The shipbuilding yards which belong to CSBC, Chinese Shipbuilding Corporation, located right within the Cheng-Bin Port.

However this corporation gradually got worse and worse due to the small-size shipbuilding yards and the shipbuilding economy is in a slump around the world.

Therefore most business or shipbuilding cases are transferred to the factory in Kaohsiung. Maybe in the future these shipbuilding yards will be totally abandoned.

Re-use these dry docks and transfer them into the unloading docks. In this way, the coastline of Cheng-Bin port will be extended.

new coastline

THE DESTRIBUTION MACHINERY THE RENOVATION OF DRY DOCKS The research of ямБshing port_2

Project description From the period when Japan governed Taiwan to nowadays, the fish market of Keelung located at Keelung downtown all the time.

Nowadays, there are only very few people who know and remember the prosperous history or the period of northern Taiwan fishing industry and the Cheng-Bin fishing port gradually declines.

Even though all the fishing industry and the system have been transfered to another new professional port, it still could not make the industry more prosperous than before.

While the Keelung government or the authority of Keelung port keep paying attention to the downtown area. The situation of Cheng-Bin port will just get worse and worse.

On the contrary, the development of northern Keelung seems to stop and even go backward.

CHENG-BIN FISHING PORT + PUBLIC EVENTS Reuse the abandoned dry docks as catalyst The fish market should be a place for the delivery of memory and oceanic culture Integrate all the fuctions and programs into one vertical unit

THE HISTORY RETURNS program : museum THE INDUSTRY RETURN program : fish market THE DOCKS REUSED program : distribution

THE TYPICAL MARKET MARKET

DISTRIBUTION

A VERTICAL MARKET

PARKING

WAREHOUSE

OFFICE

OFFICE

WASTE

WASTE

REFRIGERATOR / WAREHOUSE DISTRIBUTION

MARKET PARKING

A VERTICAL MARKET

FOR PUBLIC USE

FOR PUBLIC USE

SMALL MUSEUM

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REFRIGERATOR / WAREHOUSE MARKET

DISTRIBUTION PARKING

PUBLIC MARKET

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Programs of Fish Market Fish market is a kind of quite professional infrastructure for some related wholesalers, fishermen and staff of administration.

Some programs of fish market are spesific for some professional staff or merchants only. In addition, the auctions normally are held in the morning. After the trading, some programs or spaces will be left unused.

To minimize the unused spaces and maximize the using spaces, the interior spaces of building should be dynamic.

Foundations of giant cranes/installation Use the existing foundations of giant cranes as the engine of the installations which could change the way how staff or public visitors use the interior space.

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public outdoor market

linear market

visitor center ferry terminal

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Distribution Center cross-docking system

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The purpose of a distribution center with cross-docking system is to operate and manage the ow of freight more eďŹƒciently and it also could easily save the unnecessary time and cost.

Without making use of the cross-docking system, the relationship and the trading lines between suppliers and customers would grow pretty complicated confusing.

PRIVATE PROGRAMS

distribution

car

truck warehouse distribution

mooring

trawler terminal

auction

security

product

fish

office

PERIOD 1 :

1:00

5:00

archive

MOORING

unloading

AUCTION UNLOADING

PUBLIC PROGRAMS

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lounge

observatory ferry

1:00

2:00

3:00

4:00

fishing

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seafood

market

terminal entrance

trolling

carnival

PERIOD 2 : shore

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skywalk

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PERIOD 3 :

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DISTRIBUTION MOORING

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DINING

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DINING GALLERY/SMALL MUSEUM LOCAL ACTIVITIES

PERIOD 4 :

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22:00

Programs during a day This is the timeline of fish market during a day. The upper layers are private programs for some merchants or staff only. And the lower layers are the programs for the public. Therefore, this timeline shows that the private programs almost focus in the morning. Import the public programs into the building during the afternoon.

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0:00 1:00 2:00 3:00 4:00 5:00 6:00 7:00 8:00 9:00 10:00 11:00 12:00 13:00 14:00 15:00 16:00 17:00 18:00 19:00 20:00 21:00 22:00 23:00 0:00

PERIOD 1 : 1:00

5:00

At dawn, fishing ships come back to the fishing port and prepare for unloading all the ocean products. During this period, fish market only operates by the related staff and fishers, the public is normally prohibit from entering to avoid unnecessary interference.

PERIOD 2 : 5:00

10:00

During the period 2, the auctions which are the most important program of the fish market starts up. The wholesalers will begin to compete with each other to bid for the best products.

PERIOD 3 : 11:00

14:00

After most of the auctions, all the fishery products will be transit to the distribution level and are delivered to other wholesale markets or retail stores as fast as possible.

The unused areas will be transferred for the public programs.

PERIOD 4 : 14:00

22:00

In this period, the fish market become a market and building all for the public activities, such as public local market, observatory of the port.

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information/exhibition auction space No. 2 observatory restaurants circulation distribution

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existing foundation vertical circulation distribution loading space slope for trucks small cranes

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auction space No. 1 refrigerator storage

The switch This concept model shows the study about the interior spaces transform and programs switch.

By the switch of programs, the public people are allowed to enter the dierent part of building.

Physical model scale 1:100

With the superimposition of the main section and model photgraph, it would be obvious to observe the programming of the vertical ďŹ sh market.

Study models scale 1:500

THE NARRATIVE GALLERY THE ADDITION OF FORMER AMERICAN CONSULATE The development of historic consulate

The Former American Consulate in Taipei The beginning of foreign consulates in Taiwan could be traced to the Manchu Dynasty. During that period, there are consulates of Germany and United Kingdom located at the major harbors like Taipei, Tamshui and Kaohsiung.

Until the phase of colonization, 1926, the consulate of United States established in Taiwan at the first time.

This building has been used as the consulate of US for a few decades. In 1941, the breaking out of Pacific War which was fought in the Pacific Ocean, its islands, and in East Asia. The declaration of war between Japan and America resulted in the closure of the American consulate.

After World War II, 1949, the government of ROC (Republic of China) retreat back to Taiwan.

Taipei became the new capital. This building was turned into the American embassy.

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Consulate period _ 1925 the colonization by Japn

The Discard And Rebirth In 1979, Taiwan withdrew from UN and broke o diplomatic relations with USA. The unused American embassy became one of the clues of the history.

In 1997, this building was qualiďŹ ed as the national historic property. And in 2000 the Taipei government and the cultural foundation of TSMC ( Taiwan Semiconductor Manufacturing Company Limited ) started the renovation of the consulate which has been abandoned for two decades.

In 2002, this building was operated by the association of Taiwan movie in the purpose to popularize and spread the art of movie.

In the meanwhile, this building was named as the Taipei Spot.

Embassy period _ 1946 after WWII

the ďŹ rst addition

the second addition

Taipei Spot _ 2002

the present

The Narrative Gallery

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The Narrative Gallery The development of this building represented the whole international circumstances and the diplomatic history of ROC. From consulate, American Embassy to the Taipei Spot, the invisible timeline cross through the space inside the building.

The new addition to the Taipei Spot tried to guide the public to follow the route of timeline. People tardily walk through the narrative gallery room by room, layer by layer.

Space gradually switched from the dark projecting space to the bright transparent balcony, from the past to the present.

Realistic sight Taipei Spot period _ the present

Projection Consulate period _ 1925 Projection Embassy period _ 1946

The Reconfiguration By means of creating the new addition, the former American consulate reconfigure itself to be available for additional modern programs.

The narrative gallery serves the public the possibility of totally diffenrent forms to observe and experience history.

The reconfiguration enable the ancient building to catch the value of the past.

Han Kuo 09.30.1988 Nationality : ROC / Taiwan Location : Taipei, Taiwan e-mail : khan770930@gmail.com Language : English/Chinese Softwares : 2D_ Illustrator / Photoshop / AutoCAD 3D_ Rhinoceros / grasshopper / V-ray Film editing_ Flash / After eects

CIRRICULUM VITAE EDUCATION 2007-2012 Department of Architecture, Tamkang University, Taiwan WORK EXPERIENCE 2011 intership / Kengo Kuma and Associates, Tokyo, Japan 2010 intership / Zephyr (US) Architects, Beijing, China WORKSHOP 2009 Tamkang University-Japan Women’s University workshop, Tokyo COMPETITION Kaohsiung Port Station Urban Design Competition / selected submission Centro di protezione civile Anterselva di Mezzo, Kengo Kuma & Associates ( http://europaconcorsi.com/projects/187139-Centro-di-protezionecivile-Anterselva-di-Mezzo ) EXHIBITION International Exhibition of Asia Thesis Design, Yilan ( Taiwan / Japan / Hong Kong / Singapore ) Taiwan Architecture Vol. 205 October, 2012 44th graduating exhibition of Architecture Department of TKU, Taipei