Luchas de la Mujer Latina Final Zine

luchas De la Mujer

By Stephanie M.

I. Eugenics in America II. Immigration III. Testimonios IV. The Impact of Machismo V. Resources VI. Inspirational Quotes VII. Cites

Eugenics Eugenics originally started off as a pseudo-science, and it then transitioned into a movement that The Eugenics movement introduced eugenic involuntary sterilized at least logic into science, 60,000 people through 30 states' literature, religion, laws by the 1970s. (Finoh 4) education, and many The Eugenics movement was first introduced in 1883.

It was a term that Sir Francis Galton made up from more areas. The 1882-1911. He was Darwin's cousin, and his main interest was to build on Darwin's theory of “survival Eugenics movement was of the fittest” and to “help” humans evolve into a first introduced in “better” future. He believed that if we put an end to the of unfit people and only allowed fit 1883. It was a term that peoplereproduction to reproduce, we could achieve a "Perfect" human race. This led to eugenics being studied as Sir Francis Galton made humananrace. actual science, and it became supported by many people, which was terrible because it was extremely up from 1882-1911. discriminative towards many people; for example, the

In America

The movement deemed anyone with a disability and people color to be "unfit."

category of who was considered to be“fit” was extremely ableist, racist, and just plain biased.

Even Adolf Hitler took notice. In “Mein Kampf,” published in 1925, he celebrated the ideology.

“There is today one state,” wrote Hitler, “in which at least weak beginnings toward a better conception [of citizenship] are noticeable. Of course, it is not our model German Republic, but the United States.” Hitler’s Reich deployed its own sterilization laws, nearly identical to those in the United States, within six months of taking power in 1933. (Bold 6) Many believe that Hitler thought of Eugenics on his own. However, Hitler got Eugenics from America, and he even looked to America as a template. It was not until Hitler publicly acknowledged Eugenics in America that America tried to sweep their actions under the rug.

However, by this time, so much had already been done.

For example: America, went as far as encouraging fit people to marry other fit people and reproduce with them. This was supported so much to the point where people were being compensated for marrying and reproducing with other fit people within a specific time frame. America even had a eugenics records office that had a “Trait Book Card,” which stated a list of traits of people such as diseases and many other characteristics that would then be used to decide whether or not these people were fit or unfit. One of the major ways that they would decide whether or not people were fit was based on their race which was ridiculous because race is a social construct and has nothing to do with being “fit” to survive. America also went as far as to create competitions of people/couples to decide who was "fitter."

Many of the people who supported American eugenics were wealthy from the upper class, which allowed the movement to do the damage it did. For example, Margaret Sanger was a major supporter of the movement. She told women that they should be in control of their own bodies and control when they want to reproduce and therefore convinced many women to go on birth control; however, her intent was not to empower women. Her intentions were not to permit the " unfit " women to get off of birth control so that they would not reproduce bSome other major supporters of the eugenics movement were David Starr, Alexander Graham Bell, Helen Keller, And Woodrow Wilson.

MIGRANT STERILIZATION OF IM WOMEN IN ICE CAMPS

Margret Sanger paved the way by deceiving "unfit" women into a birth control plan that they would later be difficult to reverse however, the wrongful sterilization of women did not end with Margret Sanger. In more recent news, it was discovered that women in California prisons were being sterilized. And more recently, in 2021, Governor Gavin Newsom recompensed those women. Today, sterilization is still being practiced in the United States with immigrant women in ICE camps that are being wrongfully sterilized. A recent investigation was opened in Georgia, where it discovered that immigrant women were being forced to undergo hysterectomies even though they did not need them. The women were not in a position where they were able to get a second opinion and therefore were forced to trust the word of the "medical professionals" who were actually lying to these women.

#JusticeforwomeninICECamps

Be heard Use your voice

Testimonios A 2012 study found that 85 percent of undocumented domestic workers who work in substandard conditions do not complain because they fear their immigration status will be used against them.

"It is common for women to relent to a supervisor’s advances because she can’t risk losing her job or deportation. Most of these women are supporting children as well." (Sims 3)

This is the story of an immigrant woman named Edith. Four months after Edith arrived and found work as a housekeeper for a local singer, she voyaged back to Veracruz, Mexico, to bring her three teenage children across the border.

Janet and her sister, both teenagers then, found work as housekeepers as well, but were getting harassed by men as they walked home from their jobs. One day, Janet’s sister accepted a ride home and disappeared. Her brother, Edith’s son, found his sister after weeks of searching in an apartment building in another town.

Edith came to the US nearly 20 years ago. ‘I came to this country to give my family a better life. Work is very hard, but I don’t mind. We have to work.’ Photograph: Verónica G Cárdenas/The Guardian

It appeared that she and another girl had been being held there against their will and abused. Edith’s son went to the police to report the crime, and Edith says the abductors were jailed for a week, her son was also punished: he was deported.

“The investigator just told me to call if my daughter got abducted again,” Edith recalls with disgust, “and that’s when I decided to move towns”. (Sims12)

Not only are Latina women made to feel inferior by the dominant Anglo culture, but they are also made to feel inferior and powerless within their own culture. This form of oppression is machismo. Machismo is widely accepted throughout Latin Culture and, in many cases, encouraged.

However, machismo leads to hostility and is a significant threat to women. This can lead to unsafe environments for women because, in many cases, machismo leads men to believe that their "superiority" over women gives them a pass to mistreat, abuse, and in some cases, murder women.

Machismo

Because machismo has been around for ages, it is deeply rooted in Latin culture and will not go away without a fight. It is time for the women of this age to speak up for the women who have for many years been silenced.

in Latin The word “macho” ou're America is when y d have proud to show an culinity. pride in your mas (Baza-Lazalde 2)

"I was twelv

Femicide - the act of killing a woman or femme, particularly on the basis of their gender and presentation. (Pelaez Lopez 13)

e years old, and a man on the street w as already v erbally harassing m e. He looked at me as if I were a juicy steak instea d of an innocent ch ild." (Lira O rtiz 1)

des, and Machismo, Femici er Violence Child’s Play: Gend in Mexico

A piece from an article tiled: Machismo, Femicides, and Child’s Play: Gender Violence in Mexico. View details on article in bibliography (Ines de la Morena 15)

Fact: In the next ten minutes, approximately three women in Mexico will have been a victim of abuse. Ten femicides will occur by the end of the day.

(Ines de la Morena 2)

https://www.first5california.com/en-us/services/immigrantfamily-resources/ Ahmad-Yee, Monica. "Reimagining Justice For Immigrant Survivors Through VAWA". Truthout, 2019, https://truthout.org/articles/reimagining-justice-forimmigrant-survivors-through-vawa/. Accessed 8 May 2023.

Ahmad-Yee, Monica. "Reimagining Justice For Immigrant Survivors Through VAWA". Truthout, 2019, https://truthout.org/articles/reimagining-justice-forimmigrant-survivors-through-vawa/. Accessed 8 May 2023.

"Americans For Immigrant Justice | Representation, Litigation, & Advocacy". Americans For Immigrant Justice, 2023, https://aijustice.org/? gclid=CjwKCAjw04yjBhApEiwAJcvNoZkurmF25_RY7379IDAb gaNXUgUP0Rbffdqb0lOitNfbwIbcO1CYKRoCSpcQAvD_BwE. Accessed 17 May 2023.

"Though we "understand" the root causes of male hatred and fear, and the subsequent wounding of women, we do not excuse, we do not condone, and we will no longer put up with it" Gloria Anzaldua

“Don't mistake politeness for lack of strength.” ― Sonia Soto, mayor

Bhabha, Jacqueline., et al. Worlds Apart : Women Under Immigration and Nationality Law. Pluto Press, 1985 Fortuna, Lisa R., et al. “Trauma, Immigration, and Sexual Health Among Latina Women: Implications for Maternal–child Well‐being and Reproductive Justice.” Infant Mental Health Journal, vol. 40, no. 5, 2019, pp. 640–58, https://doi.org/10.1002/imhj.21805.

Moreno CL. The Relationship Between Culture, Gender, Structural Factors, Abuse, Trauma, and HIV/AIDS for Latinas. Qualitative Health Research. 2007;17(3):340-352. doi:10.1177/1049732306297387 "Allegations Of Forced Sterilization In ICE Detention Evoke A Long Legacy Of Eugenics In The United States". Center For Constitutional Rights, 2023, https://ccrjustice.org/home/blog/2020/09/18/allegations-forced-sterilization-ice-detention-evoke-long-legacy-eugenics. Accessed 4 Apr 2023.

"The X In Latinx Is A Wound, Not A Trend | By Alan Pelaez Lopez, From Color Bloq's X Collection". Colorbloq.Org, 2023, https://www.colorbloq.org/article/the-x-in-latinx-is-a-wound-not-a-trend. Accessed 4 Apr 2023.

Manian, Maya. "Immigration Detention And Coerced Sterilization: History Tragically Repeats Itself | ACLU". American Civil Liberties Union, 2020, https://www.aclu.org/news/immigrants-rights/immigration-detention-and-coerced-sterilization-history-tragically-repeats-itself.

Accessed 17 May 2023.

"Belly Of The Beast: California's Dark History Of Forced Sterilizations". The Guardian, 2020, https://www.theguardian.com/usnews/2020/jun/30/california-prisons-forced-sterilizations-belly-beast. Accessed 17 May 2023.

"Unwanted Sterilization And Eugenics Programs In The United States". Independent Lens, 2023, https://www.pbs.org/independentlens/blog/unwanted-sterilization-and-eugenics-programs-in-the-united-states/. Accessed 6 May 2023.

"Op-Ed: It's Time For California To Compensate Its Forced-Sterilization Victims". Los Angeles Times, 2015, https://www.latimes.com/opinion/oped/la-oe-0306-bold-forced-sterilization-compensation-20150306-story.html. Accessed 17 May 2023.

"ICE, A Whistleblower And Forced Sterilization : 1A". NPR, 2020, https://www.npr.org/2020/09/18/914465793/ice-a-whistleblower-and-forcedsterilization. Accessed 8 May 2023.

"Undocumented, Vulnerable, Scared: The Women Who Pick Your Food For $3 An Hour". The Guardian, 2019, https://www.theguardian.com/usnews/2019/jul/10/undocumented-women-farm-workers-texas-mexican. Accessed 10 May 2023.

Manian, Maya. "Immigration Detention And Coerced Sterilization: History Tragically Repeats Itself | ACLU". American Civil Liberties Union, 2020, "The Culture Of Machismo In Mexico Harms Women | Merion West". Merion West, 2018, https://merionwest.com/2018/01/28/the-culture-ofmachismo-in-mexico-harms-women/. Accessed 10 May 2023.

"Immigration Reform Is A Women’S Issue ". Opensocietyfoundations.Org, 2023, https://www.opensocietyfoundations.org/voices/immigration-reform-women-s-issue. Accessed 10 May 2023.

Machismo From the Perspective of a Women — Stories Untold US . (2021). Retrieved 16 May 2023, from https://www.storiesuntoldus.com/blog/latin-machismo "Machismo, Femicides, And Child’S Play: Gender Violence In Mexico". Harvard International Review, 2020, https://hir.harvard.edu/gender-violence-in-mexico-machismo-femicides-and-childs-play/. Accessed 17 May 2023.

https://pin.it/gSDQ05O Supreme Court Associate Justice Sonia Sotomayor Photo illustration by Slate. Photo by Saul Loeb/AFP/Getty Images. https://texlibris.lib.utexas.edu/2019/09/celebrating-the-birth-and-life-ofgloria-anzaldua/ Women in Mexico City march in memory of victims of femicide in a national day of action in major cities against gender violence, April 24, 2016. | Photo: Reuters Mexican immigrant Nieves Ojendiz holds her 4-year old daughter Jane as she attends an immigration reform rally with members and supporters of the New York Immigration Coalition, June 28, in New York City. Last week the U.S. Supreme Court deadlocked in a 4-4 decision concerning President Barack Obama's immigration plan.Drew Angerer / Getty Images https://news.miami.edu/stories/2018/08/the-impact-of-deportations-andfamily-separations-on-communities.html I was twelve years old, and a man on the street was already verbally harassing me. He looked at me as if I were a juicy steak instead of an innocent child.