What is Nuclear Bomb by ZF Chua

What is NUCLEAR WEAPON

NUCLEAR WEAPON

Nuclear weapons also known as atomic bombs, nuclear weapons, atomic bombs, nuclear warheads, A bombs, or nuclear bombs are explosive devices that can generate destructive power through a combination of fission or nuclear reactions.

Fission and fusion reactions (nuclear bombs). Both bombs release a lot of energy from a relatively small amount of material. The first test of the fission (â&#x20AC;&#x153;atomicâ&#x20AC;?) bomb released energy equal to approximately 20,000 tons of TNT (84 TJ). The energy released by the first thermonuclear (hydrogen) bomb test was approximately equal to 10 million tons of TNT (42 PJ). Thermonuclear weapons weighing slightly over 2400 pounds (1100 kg) can release energy equivalent to 1.2 million tons of TNT (5.0 PJ). A nuclear device no more than a traditional bomb can destroy the entire city through explosions, fire and radiation. Since they are weapons of mass destruction, the proliferation of nuclear weapons is the focus of international relations policy.

Types of Nuclear Energy

Nuclear fission â&#x20AC;&#x201C; the nucleus of an atom is split into two smaller fragments by a neutron. This method usually involves isotopes of uranium (uranium-235, uranium-233) or plutonium (plutonium-239). Nuclear fusion â&#x20AC;&#x201C; two smaller atoms are brought together, usually hydrogen or hydrogen isotopes (deuterium, tritium), to form a larger one (helium isotopes); this is how the sun produces energy.

History of nuclear weapons Scientists first developed nuclear weapons technology during World War II. Atomic bombs have been used only twice in warâ&#x20AC;&#x201D;both times by the United States against Japan at the end of World War II, in Hiroshima and Nagasaki. A period of nuclear proliferation followed that war, and during the Cold War, the United States and the Soviet Union vied for supremacy in a global nuclear arms race.

Nuclear Bomb should be

BANNED

CopyrightÂŠAugust 2020, by Chua Zheng Feng All right reserved. The book may not reproduced, in whole or in part, in any form without written permission from publisher. Chua Zheng Feng 33A The Hamilton , Wangsa Maju 53300 Kuala Lumpur Printed by Prints Buddy No. 10-1 (First Floor, Jalan Wangsa Delima 10, Wangsa Maju, 53300 Kuala Lumpur First printing, 2020.

NAGASAKI AND HIROSHIMA

12 12

According to the requirements of the Quebec Agreement and with the consent of the United Kingdom, the United States detonated two nuclear weapons on August 6 and 9,1945 in Hiroshima and Nagasaki, Japan. The two explosions killed 129,000 to 226,000 people, most of them civilians, and remain the only place in the armed conflict where nuclear weapons are used.

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What happens when a nuclear bomb explodes? Observers often thought that they had found the limit, and then 2,000 feet farther away would find further evidence of damage. The most impressive long range damage was the collapse of some of the barracks sheds at Kamigo, 23,000 feet south of X in Nagasaki. At Mogi, 7 miles from X in Nagasaki, over steep hills over 600 feet high, about 10% of the glass came out.

A nuclear bomb explosion creates an electromagnetic pulse that causes metal cables to act as an antenna and generate high voltages when the pulse passes. Such high currents destroy electronics and even the wires themselves. The largest-yield nuclear devices are designed to destroy the communication system.

Nuclear radiation refers to the particles and photons emitted during reactions that involve the nucleus of an atom. The particles emitted by nuclear reactions are sufficiently energetic that they can remove electrons from atoms and molecules and ionize them. Ionizing subatomic particles released by nuclear reactions include alpha particles, beta particles, neutrons, muons, mesons, positrons, and cosmic rays.

Long Term Effects

Fallout is the radioactive particles that fall to earth as a result of a nuclear explosion. Fallout particles vary in size from thousandths of a millimeter to several millimeters. Much of this material falls directly back down close to ground zero within several minutes after the explosion, but some travels high into the atmosphere. This radiation hazard comes from radioactive fission fragments with halflives of seconds to a few months, and from the soil and other materials in the vicinity of the burst made radioactive by the intense neutron flux. Even so, beyond the blast radius of the exploding weapons, there would be areas the survivors could not enter because of radioactive contamination from long-lived radioactive isotopes like strontium 90 or cesium 137. Predictions of the amount and levels of the radioactive fallout are difficult because of several factors. An airburst can produce minimal fallout if the fireball does not touch the ground. On the other hand, a nuclear explosion occurring at or near the earthâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s surface can result in severe contamination by the radioactive fallout.

Women survivors of the atomic bombs

In an interview with photojournalist Lee Karen Stow, she described her experience: “I made it to the entrance of my house, and I think I even took a step inside, then it happened all of a sudden.The next moment there was a loud roar. Then I blacked out.” Hada witnessed some of the catastrophic injuries from the atomic bomb. “Many fled over Mount Konpira to our community. People with their eyes popped out, their hair dishevelled, almost all naked, badly burned with their skin hanging down. “They asked for water. I was asked to give them water, so I found a chipped bowl and went to the nearby river and scooped water to let them drink.

Reiko Hada (nine years old when the bomb exploded in Nagasaki.)

How much do US annual expenditure on nuclear weapon amounts

12 MILLION PER HOUR 20

PER DECADE

1000 MILLION

According to estimates (Global Zero, 2011) annual expenditure on nuclear weapons amounts to US$ 105 billion, or US$ 12 million per hour. At this rate, can calculateitâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s close to $1000 billion for the decade of 2010-2020.

The figures released by Global Zero in 2011 are likely to be understated, and the actual expenses much higher. Since2011, the US Congress has authorized additional nuclear modernization programs, the full costs of which are not included in the 2011 figures.In addition,the nuclear-weapon-possessing States have never comprehensivly trackedall nuclear-weaponrelated spending. Nuclear weapons expenses are spread over a number of departments â&#x20AC;&#x201C; with some expenses such as compensation for nuclear test victims and secret radiation experiments not adequately documented. As Stephen I. Schwartz, author of Atomic Audit: The Costs and Consequences of U.S. Nuclear Weapons Since 1940.

“Peace cannot be kept by force; it can only be achieved by understanding.” —Albert Einstein, 1955

Scientists and physicians have been at the forefront of international movements for peace. In the early 1930s, Jewish pediatrician Dr. Emil Flusser and Nobel physicist Albert Einstein spoke out against militarism in response to therise of German Nazism. The tragedy of the Holocaust and the devastation caused by nuclear weapons in World War II convinced many more to work for the future of all the worldâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s citizens.

Nuclear Bomb should be

EXIST

WARNI Leaflet Dropped on Japanese Cities Right Before World War II Ended 28

On the night of August 14-15, the day before Emperor Hirohito announced that he would surrender to his country, the city of Isesaki carried out a final bomb attack. One of the flight attendants in the attack was Lieutenant Morris Pickrop, who kept some of the souvenirs at the time-handing out leaflets to warn Japanese citizens of the consequences of the surrender failure, as part of a new operation exhibited on the road to Tokyo on the weekend New Orleans National World War II Museum held an exhibition.

ING! TO THE JAPANESE PEOPLE! America asks that you take immediate heed

Before using this bomb to destroy every

of what we say on this leaflet.

resource of the military by which they are

We are in possession of the most destructive explosive ever devised by men. A single one of our newly developed atomic bombs is actually the equivalent in explosive power to what 2000 of our giant B-29â&#x20AC;&#x2122;s can carry on a single mission. This awful fact is one for you to ponder and we solemnly assure you it is grimly accurate. We have just begun to use this weapon against your homeland. If you still have any doubt, make inquiry as to what happened to Hiroshima when just one atomic bomb fell on that city.

prolonging this useless war, we ask that you now petition the Emperor to end the war. Our President has outlined for you the thirteen consequences of an honorable surrender: We urge that you accept these consequences and begin the work of building a new, better, and peace-loving Japan. You should take steps now to cease military resistance. Otherwise, we shall resolutely employ this bomb and all other superior weapons to promptly and forcefully end the war. EVACUATE YOUR CITIES

These leaflets, meant to warn Japanese civilians of impending firebombing and expose the weakness of the Japanese military to erode morale, were donated by Maurice Picheloup of the 39th bomb group. Picheloup took part in a night raid over Japan on August 14â&#x20AC;&#x201C;15. Returning to base they received word of the end of the war.

DOES THE NUCLEAR PLAY AN IMPORTANT ROLE? Nuclear power is the largest low-carbon source of electricity in both Europe and

North America â&#x20AC;&#x201C; and also will be in Japan, assuming the restart of reactors in the

country goes ahead as planned. Nuclear plays a major role in ensuring secure

supplies of energy in many economies. Some countries have chosen to refrain

from using nuclear power, which is their sovereign right. But even in countries

where the overall policy stance is favourable to nuclear power, the risk is growing that its role in energy systems will be undermined. And the Covid-19 crisis threatensto exacerbate the situation.

Zero carbon, zero intermittency

Each year, the average 1,000 megawatt (MW) nuclearplant generates approximately $470 million in electricity sales (economic output) in

the local community and more than $40 million in total labor income. These figures include both direct and secondary effects.

Nuclear energy plays a vital role in maintaining US security. Energy independenceis a core component of my countryâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s national security, and nuclear energy plays an important role in achieving energy independence in the future. Our national security also depends on the uninterrupted supply of affordable energy. As an uninterrupted energy source 24 hours a day, 7 days a week, nuclear energy is essential to maintain a reliable electricity supply in the country. Although other energy sources may be under tremendous pressure and become unreliable during severe weather, nuclear power is always running, limiting the possibility of energy use or power outages. The success of the U.S. nuclear industry reinforces our countryâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s position across the world. The U.S has led the way in nuclear development and innovation for years. Our nuclear fleet is the largest in the world, and we utilize the best technology and maintain the highest safety records.

President Obama, in a 2009 speech in Prague, Czech Republic, In his speech in Prague, Czech Republic, in 2009, President Obama emphasized that nuclear terrorism “is the most direct and extreme threat to global security.” In his speech, the President announced “new international efforts to ensure the safety of all fragile nuclear materials worldwide “, and the “Global Nuclear Security Summit to be hosted by the United States” will be held. Subsequently, he launched a global effort to improve the safety system.

Arms Race An arms race will occur when two or more countries increase the size and quality of military resources to gain each other’s military and political advantages. The Cold War between the United States and the Soviet Union may be the largest and most expensive arms race in history. However, other situations have occurred, often with dire consequences. Whether the arms race will increase or reduce the risk of war remains to be discussed: Some analysts agree with the British Foreign Secretary Sir Edward Gray at the beginning of World War I. He said: “The morality is obvious; great armaments inevitably lead to war. “.

What should Malaysia do if country like US launch Nuclear boom on us just like Japan.

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