joy from criminal actions. According to GOLDSTEIN (2001, p. 106), the members of Croatia’s ethnic Germans participated in anti-Semitic propaganda from the very start of the persecutions. In addition, they assisted the Ustaše formations in arresting Jews, primarily in the Croatian province of Slavonia. GOLDSTEIN (ibid., pp. 632-633) proves that the Volksdeutsche used to demand withdrawal of already issued papers granting the status of honorary Aryans29 to Croatia’s Jews in some cases! They could also put Jews who were Croatian patriots in the concentration camp Jasenovac without asking the Ustaše authorities first. They could take the property of the deported and killed Jews as well (cf. GOLDSTEIN 2011, p. 30). After instructing the leading Ustaše monster leaders Eugen Dido Kvaternik and Vjekoslav Maks Luburić (who ‘attended’ SS-courses and met top SSleadership in May/June and September 1941, Luburić had even a ‘study’ visit to the concentration camp Sachsenhausen-Oranienburg), after engaging mostly immigrant Ustaše members as camp guards (ready to act more anti-Semitic than the Germans themselves), and after securing further SS education for young Ustašas, the German institutions (Gestapo and Sicherheitsdienst) just maintained regular consultations with the Ustaše authorities (cf. GOLDSTEIN 2001, p. 108) However, in the whole time of occupation, the Germans (and the Italians until the capitulation) had the “right to independently imprison, deport to concentration camps and to organize court proceedings” (GOLDSTEIN 2011, pp. 32-33). The German occupation power showed the Ustaše servants the model how to deal with the Jews considering plunder, money and gold contributions, psychological frightening, humiliation, forced labor, deportations and mass killings – and left them to do the dirty job while they spent time choosing (and quarreling among themselves even until 1943) which Zagreb villa to requisition (cf. GOLDSTEIN 2011, p. 24). The ethnic Germans felt that they were finally more powerful than ever. This was especially the case in the city of Osijek where they led the anti-Jewish policy on all levels, and all others simply joined the macabre program. The German Volksgruppe in 29
Cf. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Honorary_Aryan.
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