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(Naya Yugbodh National Daily Nov. 10, 2014)

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eGg] kZgsf] lh1f;fdf kwfgdGqL sf] O/fnfn] gcfP/ sxf‘“ hfg'xf] nf t < 6] an jftf{df a:5f} + / pxf“x?;“u 5nkmn u5f} {+ eGg] hjfkm lbg'eof] . …bnx?sf] ;femf ;xdltsf] b:tfj] hsf ?kdf ;+ljwfg cfp‘5 . xfdLn] NofPsf ;femf cjwf/0ff klxn] ;+j} wflgs /fhgLlts ;+jfb tyf ;xdlt ;ldltdf hfG5 .

Toxf“ 5nkmn x'G5 . ;+ljwfg;efdf kj] z x'G5 . Toxf“ k"/ f 5nkmn x'G5 . o;kl5 hgtfsxf“ hfG5 k'gM;ldltdf cfp“5 . To;} n] cfkm\ gf ;xdltklt Pdfcf] jfbL clxn] g} s] –s] g} eof] egL cflQg' x'‘“b} gÚ– kwfgdGqL sf] O/fnfn] eGg'eof] . pxf“n] khftflGqs d"nwf/df cfP/ klg Pdfcf] jfbLn] wDSofpg] , t;f{pg] sfd hf/L /fv] sf] cf/f] k nufpg'eof] . pxf“n] eGg'eof] – …Pdfcf] jfbL cfkm"n] eg] h:tf] eof] eg] ;a} 7Ls c? bnsf sfd ;a} a] 7Ls eGg] dfgl;stfn] u:t 5, khftGqdf o:tf] x'g ;Sb} g .Ú pxf“n] ;+ljwfgsf nflu ;xdlt af] n] / x'Gg Jojxf/df b] vfpg'kg] { atfpg'eof] . zflGt klqmofdf dxTjk"0f{ sfd

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Pdfn] cWoIf s] kL zdf{ cf] nLn] b] z / hgtfsf] cfjZostfcg';f/ ;ft kb] zdf ;xdlt ePsf] xf] . ca of] eGbf dfly hfg ;lsb} g eGg'eof] . pxf“n] ;+ljwfg;efleq / aflx/ /x] sf bnx?sf] ;fy, ;xof] u / ljZjf;df g} df3 * df ;+ljwfg cfp“5 eGg'eof] . cWoIf cf] nLn] df3 * df ;+ljwfg Nofp‘5f} + eg] / hgtf;dIf klta4tf hgfPsf lyof} +, oxL klta4tf k"/ f ug{] sfd u/] sf] :ki6 kfg{'eof] . …;+jfb ;ldltsf ;efklt c:j:y x'g'ePsf] xf] nf, ;~rf] ePkl5 a} 7s af] nfO xfNg'x'G5 lgÚ– ;~rf/sdL{sf] Ps lh1f;fdf cWoIf cf] nLn] eGg'eof] . Pdfcf] jfbLsf cWoIf Pj+ pRr:t/Lo /fhgLlts ;+oGqsf cWoIf k'iksdn bfxfn

…kr08Ún] af] nfPsf a} 7sdf lsg guPsf] eGg] lh1f;fdf pxf‘n] eGg'eof] – …klxn] g} a} 7s ga:g] eg] sf] lyof} +, pxf‘ s] sfdn] l;+xb/af/ hfg'ePsf] lyof] , pxf‘n] c?nfO{ bf] if y'kfg{' dfq ePsf] xf] .Ú kqsf/ ;Dd] ngdf /fkkfsf dxfdGqL bLks af] x/f, ax'hg zlQm kf6L{sf cWoIf ljZj] Gb kf;jfg, :jtGq ;ef;b\ ctx/sdfn d';ndfg / rGb] Zj/ emf klg ;xefuL x'g'x'GYof] . ;"rgf tyf ;~rf/dGqL 8f= dLg] Gb l/hfnn] ;+o'Qm k] ; lj1lKt jfrg ug{'ePsf] lyof] . ax'dtLodf uP d'7e] 8M kr08 Pdfcf]jfbL cWoÔ kr08n] ax'dtLo bDedf ;+ljwfg hf/L ug{ vf]lhP d'ns ' d'7e]8df hfg] r]tfjgL lbg'ePsf] 5 . cfOtjf/ wg'iffdf cfof]lht kf6L{ kj]z tyf :jfut sfo{qmdnfO{ ;Daf]wg ub}{ pxf“n] sf+u]; / Pdfn]n] klqmofaf6 ;+ljwfg hf/L u5f{}+ eGg' j]OdfgL ePsf] cf/f]k nufpg'eof] . wg'iffdf ljleGg kf6L{ ;Da4 g]tf sfo{stf{ cfOtjf/ Pdfcf]jfbLdf kj]z u/]sf lyP .

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3f] / fxL, @# sflt{s . lhNnf lzIff sfof{no bfªn] z'? u/] sf] ;fIf/ 3f] if0ff sfo{qmd aLr} df cnkq ePsf] 5 . sfof{non] cfly{s jif{ @)&)÷)&! df lhNnfsf @! uflj;nfO{ ;fIf/ 3f] if0ff ug] { nIo lnP klg clxn] ;Dd !! uflj;df dfq 3f] if0ff ul/Psf] 5 . tL uflj;df ;d] t 3f] if0ff sfo{qmddf ;fIf/x?sf] Go"g ;xeflutf b] lvPsf] lyof] . s] xL uflj;df t 3f] if0ff sfo{qmddf Pshgf klg sIff lnP/ ;fIf/ ePsfx? pkl:yt ePsf lyPgg\ . sfof{nosf] cg'udg klqmof lkmtnf] ePsf sf/0f lhNnfdf ;fIf/tf sIff kjefjsf/L x'g g;s] sf] ;/f] sf/jfnfx?n] atfPsf 5g\ . lzIff dGqfnosf k"j{;x;lrj lji0f's'df/ b] jsf] 6fn] sfof{nosf] cg'udg k0ffnL Jojl:yt x'g g;s] sfn] ;d:of b] lvPsf] atfpg'eof] . …gLltdf s'g} ;d:of 5} g, ;d:of eg] s}

sfof{Gjogdf xf] Ú–pxf“n] eGg'eof] – …tYof+ssf] k/LIf0f Jojl:yt x'g g;Sbf ;fIf/ ePsfx? klg sIffdf ;xefuL x'g] ;Defjgf /xG5 .Ú lhNnf lzIff sfof{non] lgoldt cg'udg ug'{kg] { pxf“n] cfjZostf cf} +Nofpg'eof] . ;fIf/ eO;s] sf uflj;df 3f] if0ff x'g g;Sg' / 3f] if0ff sfo{qmddf ;fIf/x? pkl:yt gx'g'n] ;fIf/ sIff kf/bzL{ x'g g;s] sf] ;/f] sf/jfx?sf lrGtf 5 . t/ lhNnf lzIff sfof{non] eg] jiff{ofd / cGo ljleGg sf/0fn] ;fIf/ 3f] if0ff x'g g;s] sf] atfPsf] 5 . lhNnf lzIff clwsf/L kx\nfb cof{nn] cfly{s jif{ cGTosf] ;do ePsfn] cfkm"x?n] 3f] if0ff sfo{qmd ug{ g;s] sf] atfpg'eof] . pxf“n] rfn' cfly{s jif{sf] r} tleq lhNnf

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lhNnfnfO{ ;fIf/ 3f] if0ff ug] { tof/Ldf h'6] sfn] w] / } lg/If/x? sfo{qmddf 5'6\g] ;Defjgf b] lvPsf] 5 . o;n] ;/sf/n] u/] sf] s/f] 8f} +sf] nufgL …afn'jfdf kfgLÚ h:t} x'g] b] lvG5 . rfn' cfjdf eg] cg'udg klqmofnfO{ cln Jol:yt ul/g] cof{nn] bfjL ug'{eof] . …ut jif{ d cfpg'eGbf klxn] g} sIff ;~rfng eO;s] sf] lyof] Ú–pxf“n] eGg'eof] –

…clxn] eg] df} ;dsf] cj:yfnfO{ d"Nof+sg u/] / sfo{qmd to ul/Psf] 5 .Ú ;/sf/n] 6] 08/dfkm{t ;fIf/ sIff ;~rfng ug] { ;+: yfx?sf] 5gf] 6 u5{ . pgLx?n] ;~rfng u/] sf] sIffdf lhNnf lzIff sfof{nosf sd{rf/Lx? cg'udgdf lj/n} hfg] u/] sf] o;cl3 g} u'gf;f] a9] sf] lyof] . klt JolQm ;fIf/ agfPjfkt ;+: yfx?n] /sd kfpg] ePsfn] pgLx?n] tof/ kf/] sf] tYof+s k"0f{?kdf ;xL gePsf] lzIff sfof{nosf Ps sd{rf/Ln] atfP . …lzIff sfof{no cfkm} n] a9L ;lqmotf b] vfpg'k5{Ú– pgn] eg] – …;+: yfx?sf] e/kbf{ ;fIf/tf sIff kefjsf/L x'g ;Sb} g .Ú ;/sf/n] of] jif{ klg lhNnfdf ;fIf/tf sIff ;~rfng ug] { tof/L ul/x] sf] 5 . sIff ;~rfng gul/Psf uflj; tyf gu/kflnsfsf j8fx?df ;fIf/tf sIff ;~rfng ug] { tof/L eO/x] sf] cof{nn] atfpg'eof] . …;fIf/tf sIff ;~rfngsf nflu ;Dk"0f{ tof/L k"/ f eO;s] sf] 5Ú–pxf“n] eGg'eof] – …clxn] cfO/x] sf u'gf;fx?nfO{ ;Daf] wg ug] { u/L sIff ;~rfng u5f} {+ .Ú

;fg} pd] / sf] ljjfxn] khgg\ :jf:Yo vt/fdf q lgd';+ud 3tL{

3f] / fxL, @# sflt{s . ;fg} pd] / df ljjfx ubf{ dlxnfsf] khgg\ :jf:Yodf ljs/fn ;d:of b] lvPsf] 5 . cf] / ] s g] kfnn] bfªsf kf“r :yfgdf u/] sf] dlxnf :jf:Yo lzlj/df hf“r u/fPsf dlxnfx?sf] ;fg} pd] / df ljjfx ubf{ khgg\ :jf:Yodf ;d:of b] lvPsf] xf] . cf] / ] s g] kfn bfªn] cfOtjf/ 3f] / fxLdf :jf:Yo gLlt tyf lzlj/sf] kltj] bgsf ljifodf cfof] hgf u/] sf] 5nkmn sfo{qmddf ;fg} pd] / df ljjfx ubf{ pTkGg ePsf khgg\ :jf:Yo ;d:of w] / } /x] sf] hfgsf/L lbOPsf] xf] . lhNnfsf 8'?jf, km"njf/L, t'n;Lk'/ gu/kflnsfsf] !) / * gDa/ j8f / 3f] / fxL gu/kflnsfsf] & g+= j8fdf ;~rfng ul/Psf] lzlj/df pkrf/ u/fPsf ! xhf/ ! ;o (*

hgfdWo] ( ;o #$ hgf @) jif{d'lgsf ljjflxt dlxnfx?n] :jf:Yo hf“r ul/Psf] lyof] . !) b] lv !% jif{ pd] / sf # ;o %^ / !^ b] lv @) jif{ pd] / ;d"xsf % ;o &* hgf ljjflxt dlxnfsf] :jf:Yo k/LIf0f ul/Psf] lyof] . ;f] qmddf @! b] lv @% jif{ pd] / sf ! ;o *@ ljjflxt / *@ hgf cljjflxt dlxnfx?n] tL lzlj/x?df :jf:Yo k/LIf0f u/fPsf] cf] / ] ssL lhNnf ;+of] hs kDkmf kGtn] hfgsf/L lbg'eof] . lzlj/df kf7] 3/sf] d'v ;'lGgPsf ! ;o #^ hgf, kf7] 3/sf] klxnf] l8uL v;] sf ! ;o #! hgf, bf] ;f] l8uL v;] sf ^* hgf / t] ;f] l8uL v;] sf ^& hgf dlxnfx?n] :jf:Yo hf“r u/fPsf lyP .

To:t} tNnf] k] 6 b'Vg] @ ;o !!, ;] tf] kfgL aUg] ! ;o @), 9f8 b'Vg] &!, 6fpsf] b'Vg] #^ hgf lj/fdLsf] lzlj/df :jf:Yo k/LIf0f ul/Psf]

lyof] . o:t} dlxgfjf/L u8a8L / lk;fasf] ;+qmd0f %! hgf, /ut aUg] #^ hgf, of] gL lrnfpg] $& hgf, pRr /Qmrfksf @^ hgf lj/fdLn] pkrf/ ;] jf lnPsf lyP . o;} u/L /QmcNktfsf ^@, 9f8 b'Vg] &! hgf, hf] gL{ b'Vg] $@ / @) hgf ue{jtLn] klg :jf:Yo hf“r u/fPsf ;+of] hs kGtn] atfpg'eof] . sfo{qmddf sd pd] / df ljjfx ubf{ / nfk/jfxLsf sf/0fn] dlxnf :jf:Yo gfh's aGb} uPsf] / ;'wf/ cfpg g;s] sf] lgisif{ lgsflnPsf] 5 . dlxnfx?df dfl;s, zf/Ll/s, of} lgs lx+;f ePs} sf/0f pgLx?sf] :jf:Yo gfh's ag] sf] cf] / ] sn] lgisif{ lgsfn] sf] 5 . ;fy} tgfjdf kg] { dlxnfx?nfO{ dgf] ljdz{ ;] jf cfjZos kg] { cf] / ] sn] hgfPsf] 5 . cf] / ] ssL lhNnf ;+of] hs kDkmf kGtsf] af“sL * k] hdf:

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/f] Nkf, @# sflt{s . !) jif] { hgo'4sf] ;dodf cfkm"nfO{ ;'/ lIft /fVg] /f] Nkf / /f] NkfnLnfO{ e] 6\g PsLs[t g] skf dfcf] jfbL cWoIf k'iksdn bfxfn …kr08Ú em08} Ps;ftf nfdf] /f] Nkf ed0fdf cfp“b} x''g'x'G5 . ;+ljwfg lgdf{0fsf ;jfndf kd'v bnx?;“usf] ;Djfb klqmof c;kmn ePkl5 pxf“ /f] Nkf cfpg nfUg'ePsf] xf] . /f] Nkfdf s'g} cf} krfl/s sfo{qmd gePsfn] o;k6ssf] pxf“sf] /f] Nkf ed0fnfO{ cy{k"0f{?kdf x] l/Psf] 5. a] nf–a] nf …cK7\of/f] kbf{ /f] Nkf ?s'dsf hgtfsf] pmhf{ lnP/ cufl8 a9\g] Ú pb\3f] if ub} { cfpg'ePsf cWoIf kr08 nfdf] ;dokl5 /f] Nkf cfpg yfNg'ePsf] xf] . zflGt klqmofkl5sf] ;a} eGbf nfdf] /f] Nkf a;fO klg pxf“sf] o;k6s g} x'g] ePsf] 5 . cfh ;f] djf/ /f] Nkf kj] z ug'{x'g] kr08 sflt{s @* ut] ;Dd /f] Nkfd} /xg'x'g] 5 . ;f] djf/ /f] Nkfsf] xf] n] / Laf6 kr08sf] /f] Nkf ofqf z'? x'g] ePsf] xf] . kr08sf] ;fydf dxf;lra s[i0faxfb'/ dx/f, ;lrj jif{dfg k'g, :yfoL ;ldlt ;b:o gGblszf] / k'gnufotsf g] tfx? /xg' x'g] 5 . kr08sf] nfdf] a;fO x'g] ePkl5 To;sf] Joj:yfkgsf nflu kf;fªnufotsf g] tfx? /f] Nkf kj] z ul/;s] sf] Pdfcf] jfbL ;f] tn] hgfPsf] 5 .

Pdfcf] jfbL /f] Nkfn] klg cWoIfsf] /f] Nkf a;fOnfO{ x/] s tj/n] Jojl:yt, ;'/ lIft / dxTjk"0f{ agfpg nfluk/] sf] hgfPsf] 5 . dfcf] jfbL /f] Nkfsf cWoIf ;'/ ] Gb 3tL{n] cWoIf kr08sf] /f] Nkf a;fO cjlwe/sf] ;a}

kr08 cfh bfªdf Pdfcf] jfbL cWoIf kr08;lxt g] tfx? cfh ;f] djf/ bfª cfpg] ePsf 5g\ . /f] Nkf hfg] qmddf bfª cfpg nfUg'ePsf kr08;“u cfh lbp“;f] @ ah] 3f] / fxL gu/kflnsfsf] xndf bfª lhNnfsf kf6L{ cu'jf sfo{stf{x?;“u e] 63f6 sfo{qmd /flvPsf] Pdfcf] jfbL bfªsf cWoIf s'j] / jnLn] hfgsf/L lbg'eof] .

Joj:yfkg k"/ f ul/Psf] atfpg'eof] . pxf“sf cg';f/ kr08sf] :jfutsf nflu ljleGg 7fp“df :jfut u] 6 lgdf{0f, af; a:g] 7fp“sf] ;'/ Iff Joj:yf ldnfOPsf] 5 . /f] Nkf a;fOsf] qmddf cWoIf kr08n] sfo{stf{, zxLb kl/jf/, 3fOt] ckf+u;“u cfGtl/s e] 63f6 ug] { hgfOP klg cGo sfo{qmdaf/] v'nfOPsf] 5} g . Ps g] tfsf cg';f/ o;k6s kr08 ufp“df a9L s] lGbt x'g'x'g] 5 . Pdfcf] jfbL /f] Nkfsf ;lrj k"0f{ s] ;Ln] cWoIf sfo{stf{ txdfq xf] Og hg:t/;Dd k'Ug] / hgtfs} 3/x?df a;] / e] 63f6 ug] { sfo{qmd ldnfOPsf] atfpg'eof] . pxf“sf] /f] Nkf ed0f @)%@ kmfu'g ! kx/L rf} sL cfqmd0f u/L hgo'4 z'? ul/Psf] xf] n] / Laf6 z'? eO{ uh'n uflj;df uP/ ;lsg] 5 . To:t} pxf“n] afxa'“b] ;dembf/Lsf] d'Vo cfwf/ tof/ ug{ Pdfn] ;“u jftf{ ul/Psf] 3tL{ufp“sf] nf] ;] afªb] lv hgo'4sfndf vlgPsf] zxLbdfu{ x'“b} o'4sfndf s] GbLo sfof{no /x] sf] ufla; /fª\;L;Dd k'Ug] sfo{qmd to ul/Psf] 5 .

…s[lif / ko{6g d'Vo kfyldstfÚ q hgs g] kfnL

3f] / fxL, @# sflt{s . s[lif, ko{6g / pmhf{ If] qsf] ljsf;nfO{ ;/sf/n] d'Vo kfyldstf lbPsf] s[lifdGqL xl/k;fb k/fh'nLn] atfpg'ePsf] 5 . cfOtjf/ lhNnf s[lif ljsf; sfof{no bfªsf] cg'udgdf cfpg'ePsf dGqL k/fh'nLn] o:tf] atfpg'ePsf] xf] . dGqL k/fh'nLn] ;/sf/n] s[lif, ko{6g / pmhf{ If] qsf] ljsf; nflu ah] 6 lgdf{0f u/] /

NofPsf] atfpg'eof] . bfª a] df} ;dL t/sf/L v] tLsf nflu ks] 6 If] q /x] sfn] To;sf nflu /fHo nufgL ug{ tof/ /x] sf] pxf“n] atfpg'eof] . ;g\ @)!% b] lv )@% ;Dd ;/sf/n] #) kltzt sfd :yfgLo s[ifs ;d"xaf6 ug{] u/L lgb{] lzsf tof/ ug{] nfu] sf] eGb} dGqL k/fh'nLn] To;sf nflu :yfgLo s[ifssf] cfo:t/df Wofg lbg'kg{] pxf“n] atfpg'eof] . af“sL * k] hdf:

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(Nov. 10, 2014)

www.nayayougbodh.com

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3f] / fxL, @# sflt{s . ;'s'Daf;L ;d:of ;dfwfg cfof] un] e"ldxLg, ;'s'Daf;L tyf cJojl:yt a;f] af;LnfO{ lgj] bg lbg cfx\jfg u/] sf] Dofbsf] ;do hlthlt glhs cfp“b} 5 pltplt ;] jfufxLx?sf] yfdL g;Sg' eL8 al9/x] sf] 5 . ;'s'Daf;L ;d:of ;dfwfg cfof] udf lgj] bg lbg] Dofb )&! sflt{s d;fGt;Dd tf] lsP klg cl3Nnf] ;do eGbf kl5Nnf] ;dodf eL8 a9] sf] xf] . sflt{s @# ut] cfOtjf/sf lbg dfq} klg cfof] udf lgj] bg lbg s/Lj % xhf/ dflg;x?sf] eL8 b] lvGYof] . lgj] bg lbg] x? cfof] usf] kl/;/ / aflx/ ;8s hfd x'g] u/L e"ld;'wf/ sfof{no;Dd nfOgdf a;] sf b] lvGy] . kf“r xhf/ dflg;x? nfOgdf a;] klg a9Ldf b} lgs ;ft cf7;o lgj] bg dfq btf{ ug{ ;Sg] cfof] udf hgzlQm 5 . cfof] un] tLg 7fp‘af6 lgj] bg btf{ ug] { u/] sf] df cfOtjf/ e"ld;'wf/ sfof{nodf klg e"ldxLg ;'s'Daf;Lx?sf] lgj] bg btf{ ug] { Joj:yf ldnfOPsf] lyof] . cfof] un] e"ld;'wf/ sfof{no;‘u ;xof] u dfu] kl5 cfof] usf] ;xof] usf nflu e"ld ;'wf/ sfof{nodf btf{ sfpG6/ /fvL ;xof] u u/] sf] e"ld;'wf/ sfof{nosf zfvf clws[t /fdk;fb zdf{n] atfpg'eof] . otf e"ld;'wf/ sfof{non] ;xof] usf] gfddf cfkm\g} sfof{nodf btf{ sfpG6/ /fVbf e"ld;'wf/ sfof{nosf] sfd;d] t kefljt x'g yfn] sf] b] lvGYof] .

e"ld;'wf/ sfof{no;‘u ;/f] sf/ /fVg cfpg] ;] jfufxLx? sfof{nodf k:g] af6f] 3f6f] ;Dd kfpg c;dy{ b] lvGy] eg] sd{rf/Lx? klg leqaflx/ ug{ ;d:ofdf k/] sf lyP .

Pp6f lgj] bg btf{ ug{ rf/ kf‘r lbg;Dd nfUg] ;d:of b] lvPkl5 cfof] un] sflt{s @@ ut] zlgjf/sf lbg klg lgj] bg btf{ v'nf /fv] sf] lyof] . …eL8 a9] kl5 zlgjf/ klg sfd ug'{k5{ eGg] nfUof] / sd{rf/Lx?nfO{ zlgjf/ klg af] nfOof] Ú– cfof] usf cWoIf 6Lsf/fd v8\sfn] eGg'eof] – …zlgjf/ /flt !! ah] ;Dd sfd ubf{ ! xhf/ ! ;o lgj] bg btf{ ul/of] .Ú nfOgdf a;] sf ;] jfufxLn] eg] – …rf/ lbgb] lv nfOgdf a;] sf] a:o} ubf{ dfq lgj] bg btf{ ug{ kfnf] kfOof] .Ú

cfjZostf

g]kfn ;/sf/

o; /fKtL cfjf;Lo dfWolds ljBfnonfO{ Pshgf bIf cfjf;Lo -xf]:6]n_ lzIfssf] cfjZostf k/]sf] x'Fbf OR5's of]Uo pDd]bjf/af6 b/vf:t cfx\jfg ul/G5 . b/vf:t lbg] clGtd ldlt M @)&!.)&.@* b/vf:t b:t'/ M !%).– k/LIffsf] lsl;d M cGtjf{tf{ of]Uotf M la=P= jf ;f] ;/x -lj1fg±ul0ft_ ljifo lnPsfnfO{ kfyldstf lbOg]5 .

lklG;kn

/fKtL cfjf;Lo dfWolds ljBfno afn'jf6f/–^ 3f]/fxL, bfª kmf]g g+= )*@–%^!%!$, df]= (*$&*#$*^^

cfjZostf o; ljBfnosf] lg=df=lj= ul0ft ljifodf cWofkg ug{ ;Sg] Pshgf of]Uo / cg'ejL lzIfs cfjZostf k/]sf]n] b/vf:t cfx\jfg ul/G5 . of]Uotf M cfO=P= jf cfO=P8= ul0ft ljifo lnO{ pQL0f{ jf cfO=P:;L= pQL0f{ u/]sf] . b/vf:t lbg] clGtd ldlt M @)&!.&.@* ut];Dd k/LIffsf] lsl;d M df}lvs / cGtjf{tf{ b/vf:t b:t'/ M ?= @)).– dfq ;Dks{ kmf]g M (*$&*%&*!%, (*$&(^#%@@, (&$*%&@)&& lklG;kn

;f}l8of/ lrN8«]g Psf8]dL ;f}l8of/–^ k;f{, bfª

lkm le;f lkm l6s6;lxt j}b]lzs /f]huf/Lsf] nflu ;'j0f{ cj;/ b'aO{l:yt cn km';f{g sDkgLdf lkm le;f lkm l6s6;lxt ef/L dfu eO{ cfPsf]n] OR5's JolQmn] t'?Gt ;Dks{ /fVg'xf]nf . b] z sDkgL sfdbf/sf] kb dn] lzof kk}of sDkgL hg/n js{/ dn] lzof TSS Security Guard ;]So'l/6L uf8{ dn] lzof Ding Tai Fung (Fc Club) j]6/ stf/ sDaf08 KnDa/ stf/ sDaf08 On] lS6«l;og stf/ sDaf08 x] Nk/ b'aO{ cn km';f{g hg/n js{/

;+Vof !% !)) %) %) %) !)) %))

;do * 306f !@ 306f * 306f * 306f * 306f * 306f * 306f

tna $#,$)).– $*,))).– #*,%)).– #%,!)).– #%,!)).– @&,))).– @!,^)).–

vfg÷a:g cGtjf{tf{ 5} g÷5 – 5} g÷5 – 5} g÷5 – 5÷5 – 5÷5 – 5÷5 – 5÷5 –

xfdLsxf“ cGo b] zsf l8df08x? klg 5g\ ;fy} cGo b] zsf l8df08sf] nflu sfof{nodf ;Dks{ / fVg'xf] ;\ . ;Dks{ M

df]le/f Pr=cf/ = ;le{;] h kf=ln=

jLkL rf]s 3f]/fxL, bfª sfof{no kmf] g )*@–%^@%$# l;wf ;Dks{ M k"0f{ / f] sf du/ – (*$&(%*(&^, v8\u 8f“uL (*)^@&&%*&, lbg] z l5gfn (*%&*$))#), /ljg ;] jf (*$&(^))^)

j} b] lzs / f] huf/ sf] ;'j0f{ cj;/ o; lb l/ e/ cf] e/ l;h zfvf sfof{no bfªdf ljleGg b] zsf sDkgLx?af6 g] kfnL sfdbf/ x?sf] ef/ L dfu eO{ cfPsf] n] ;SsnL / fxbfgL;lxt ;Dks{ ug'{xf] nf . b] z ;fpbL ;fpbL ;fpbL ;fpbL ;fpbL b'aO{ b'aO{ b'aO{ b'aO{ stf/ s'j] t s'j] t dn] lzof dn] lzof dn] lzof dn] lzof dn] lzof stf/ stf/ stf/ stf/ stf/ stf/

sDkgL sfdbf/ sf] kb ;+Vof S.G.B. Helper 25 K.F.C. Team member 100 Work shop helper 25 Maintanance helper 30 Car wash helper 20 Amaij catering Waiter 25 Helpine Building Cleaning Cleaner Male/Female 30 Wastage General worker 20 Al-wathba Heavy Driver 25 Trans guard group Carpenter 50 Lee Royal Waiter 70 American Camp Cleaner 50 Pentagon Security Security Guard 50 Cheung Woh Technologies General worker 20 Security-pro Protection Sec. Security Guard 12 Wunson industries Production operator 25 Maxter Glove General worker 50 EMCO (ETA Group) Light G.C.C. Driver 10 All Mandar Carpenter/Mason 60 All Mandar Heavy Driver GCC 30 All Mandar Light Driver GCC 20 Toyota Heavy Driver GCC 50 Electromechanical Group Electrican 15

;do 12 hrs.

8 hrs.

8 hrs.

8 hrs.

8 hrs.

8 hrs.

8 hrs.

8 hrs.

11 hrs.

9 hrs.

8 hrs.

8 hrs.

12 hrs.

11 hrs.

12 hrs.

11 hrs.

10 hrs.

8 hrs.

8 hrs.

8 hrs.

8 hrs.

10 hrs.

8 hrs.

tna 41,000/27,000/27,000+OT 27,000+OT 32,400/25,000/28,350/21,600/67,500/39,000/26,000/27,000/46,500/53,000/48,000/42,180/27,140/39,150/32,400/72,900/45,900/94,500/35,100/-

vfg÷a: g cGtjf{tf 5÷5 5÷5 5÷5 5÷5 5÷5 5÷5 5÷5 5÷5 5÷5 5÷5 5÷5 5÷5 5} g÷5 5} g÷5 5} g÷5 5} g÷5 5} g÷5 5÷5 5÷5 5÷5 5÷5 5÷5 5÷5

gf] 6 M o; zfvfsf] ;Dks{ sfof{no t'n;Lk'/ sf] sfof{no Onfsf kzf;g sfof{nosf] 7Ls pQ/ lt/ / x] sf] ;xif{ hfgsf/ L u/ fp“5f} + .

;Dks{ M

kmf/fd eg] {x?af6 dgk/L /sd c;'nL Psflt/ uflj; / gu/kflnsfaf6 NofOg] l;kmfl/;, kmf] 6f] lvRg] k} ;f, cfjthfjt ef8f / rf/kf‘r lbg;Dd xf] 6ndf vfgf vfg'kg] { ;d:of ef] Ub} cfPsf ;'s'Daf;Lx? lgj] bg kmf/fd el/ lbg] x?af6 klg kLl8t ag] sf 5g\ . kmfOn;lxt lgj] bg tof/ ul/lbg] x?dWo] sltn] %) ?k} of / sltn] @ ;o krf; ?k} of“;Dd lng] u/] sf] ;] jfufxLx? atfp“5g\ . kmf/fd eg] {x? 3/] n' tyf ;fgf pBf] u sfof{nob] lv blIf0ftkm{ 6] j'n s';L{ nufO nfOgdf a;] sf b] lvG5g\ . kmf/fd eg{ a;] sL Ps dlxnfn] t :6\ofdKof8df NofKr] kof] u u/] jfkt gub % ?k} of dfUg] u/] sL 5g\ .

3f] / fxL, @# sflt{s . lhNnf e"ld clwsf/ d~r bfªn] cfOtjf/ kqsf/ e] nf u/L ;'s'Daf;L ;d:of ;dfwfg cfof] usf] sfof{b] z ;Rofpg'kg] { dfu ub}{ cfof] un] NofPsf] of] sfof{b] zn] ;'s'Daf;L e"ldxLgx?sf] ;d:of ;dfwfg gx'g] :ki6 kf/] sf] 5. d~rn] cfOtjf/ cfof] hgf u/] sf] kqsf/ ;Dd] ngdf hf/L lj1lKtdf cfof] usf] sfof{b] zdf ePsf s'/ f pNn] v ub} { ;'s'Daf;L / e"ldxLgnfO{ t/fO{df sfnf] kq] ;8s;‘u hf] l8Psf] df !@ w'/ / ufdL0f If] qdf ! s6\7f !) w'/ lgMz'Ns ljt/0f ug] { / cJojl:ytsf] ;DaGwdf Go"gtd d"Nof+sgsf] @) kltzt d"No lnO{ ;f] xL If] qkmn;Dd laqmL ljt/0f ug] { / cGoq 3/ hUuf ePsf cJojl:yt a;f] af;LnfO{ sfnf] kq] ;8s hf] l8Psf] df @ s6\7f / ufdL0f If] qdf % s6\7f hUuf &) kltzt;Dd d"No lnO{ laqmL ug] { Joj:yf ePsf] atfPsf] 5 . cWoIf lgd{nf ljsåf/f hf/L lj1lKtdf cl3Nnf cfof] udf k] z ePsf lgj] bgnfO{ klg 5fglagdf

lb l/ e/ cf] e/ l;h zfvf sfof{no

zxLbrf] s 3f] / fxL, bfª kmf] g )*@–%^@%*^, rGb hLPd -/ f] Nkf_ (*%&*#!*(!, cd/ / fgf–(*$&*$%%%& -lahf} / L_, ljgf] b v8\sf (*$&*)&#*& -t'n;Lk'/ _, lzv/ la=s= (*^*^@!*)$ -?s'd÷;Nofg_

;+3Lo dfldnf tyf :yfgLo ljsf; dGqfno

lhNnf ljsf; ;ldltsf] sfof{no vn+uf, Ko"7fg

af]nkq cfx\jfg;DaGwL ;"rgf † bf];f]k6s ksflzt ldlt M @)&!.)&.@$ :yfgLo :jfoQ zf;g P] g @)%% sf] bkmf @!% / :yfgLo :jfoQ zf;g t] ;f] ;+zf] wg;lxt lgodfjnL @)%^ sf] lgod @)& / @! cf} + lhNnf kl/ifb\sf] lg0f{o cg';f/ lhNnf ljsf; ;ldlt Ko"7fgn] nufpg ;Sg] s/, b:t'/ / ;] jf z'Ns c;'npk/ ug{ cf=j= )&!÷)&@ sf] cjlwsf] nflu lgDglnlvt j:t'x?df 7] Ssf p7fpg] j:bf] j:t ug{ OR5's JolQm, kmd{ jf sDkgLx?af6 tf] lsPsf] Go"gtd c+saf6 a9fa9 u/L ldlt @)&!÷)*÷)* ut] leq :jo+ cfkm} pkl:yt eO{ o; sfo{fnodf af] nkq vl/b u/L !^ cf} + lbg cyjf ldlt @)&!÷)*÷)( ut] lbgsf] !@=)) ah] leq lhNnf ljsf; ;ldltsf] sfof{no, Ko"7fgdf /Ltk"j{s lznjGbL jf] nkq dfu ul/Psf] 5 . k] z x'g cfPsf af] nkqx? ;f] xL lbgsf] !=)) ah] lh=lj=;= sfof{no kltlglwsf] /f] xj/df lh=lj=;=df vf] lng] 5 . af] nkq vl/b ug{ / btf{ ug] { lbg ljbf kg{ uPdf nuQ} sfof{no v'n] sf] csf] { lbgnfO{ vl/b ug]{ / k] z ug] { lbg ;DalGwt JolQm jf kmd{ :jo+ pkl:yt x'g'kg] {5 . ;f] gePdf clws[t af/] ;gfdf kdf0fkq k] z ug'{ kg] { Joxf] / f ;DalGwt ;a} sf] hfgsf/Lsf] nflu of] ;"rgf ksflzt ul/Psf] 5 . l;=g+= 7]Ssf g+= 7]Ssfsf] ljj/0f Go"gtd 7]s c+s af]nkq kmf/fd b:t'/ != @÷)&!.)&@ 9'+uf, lu§L, afn'jf @@,%),))).– d"=c=s/ afx]s !))).– zt{ jGb] hx? != dfly pNn] lvt kTo] s 7] Ssf?sf] af] nkq vl/b ubf{ g] kfnL gful/s eP gful/stfsf] kdf0f–kq, kmd{ jf sDkgL eP, gjLs/0f ePsf] lgdf{0f Joj;foL btf{ kdf0fkq, :yfoL n] vf gDj/ kdf0fkq / s/ r'Qmf kdf0fkqsf] kltlnlk ;+nUg /fvL 5'§f5'§} af] nkq kmf/d vl/b u/L 5'§f5'§} k] z ug'{kg] {5 . @= af] nkq ;fy cfkm"n] saf] n u/] sf] c+sdf ;os8f %Ü∞/ ljb] zL gful/s eP !)Ü n] x'g] w/f} 6L /sd o; sfof{nosf] g] =a} =ln= Ko"7fgdf /x] sf] !^# u # w/f} 6Lvftfdf hDdf u/] sf] ;Ssn a} +s ef} r/ ;+nUg /xg' kg] {5 . #= af] nkq kmf/ddf cfkm"n] saf] n u/] sf] /sd c+s / cIf/df ki6;Fu n] v] sf] x'g'kg] {5 c+s / cIf/df km/s k/] df cIf/nfO{ dfGotf lbOg] 5 . $= af] nkq :jLs[t ePsf] ;"rgf kfPsf] ldltn] & lbgleq 7] Ssf c+ssf] %)Ü n] x'g cfpg] /sd Psd'i6 a'emfO{ ;Demf} tf ug'{kg] {5 / To;kl5 #)Ü /sd @)&! kf} if d;fGtleq / afFsL @)Ü /sd @)&! r} q d;fGtleq a'emfO{ ;Sg'kg] {5 . ;Demf} tf ubf{ bf] ;f] / t] ;f] ls:tf jfktsf] %)Ü /sd a/fa/sf] @)&@ c;f/ d;fGt;Dd cjlw ePsf] o; sfof{nosf] gfddf hf/L ul/Psf] dfGoftfkfKt a} +ssf] a} +s Uof/] G6L -k/km/d] G; a08_ k] z ug'{kg] {5 . tf] lsPsf] ;doleq ls:tf /sd ga'emfPdf !)Ü Aofh ;lxt ls:tf c;'nL u/L w/f} 6L hkmt u/L csf] { Joj:yf ug{ ;lsg] 5 . %= ;Demf} tfsf avt 7] Ssf c+ssf] ;Dk"0f{ /sd Psd'i6 a'emfpg] nfO{ !)Ü 5'6 lbOg] 5 . ^= ljut jif{x?df lh=lj=;=nfO{ /sd a'emfpg afFsL /x] sf JolQmx?n] lgodfg';f/sf] k"/ } /sd r'Qmf u/] kl5 dfq 7] Ssfdf efu lng kfpg] 5g\ . &= kfKt af] nkqx? :jLs[t ug] { gug] { clwsf/ lhlj;df /xg] 5 . 7] Ssf jf ;t{;DaGwL s'/ fdf s'g} emd] nf kg{ cfPdf lhlj;sf] lg0f{o dfGo x'g] 5 . 7] s] bf/sf] s'g} ph'/ L nfUg] 5} g . *= Ps :yfgdf s/ a'emfPsf] /l;b k] z u/] df ;f] xL j:t'df k'gM s/ lng kfOg] 5} g . (= 7] Ssfdf lng] 7] s] bf/n] tf] lsPsf] ;+sng s] Gbdf s/sf b//] 6 ;lxtsf] ;fOgaf] 8{ ;a} n] b] Vg] u/L /fVg'kg] {5 / ;f] xL s] Gbdf s/ ;+sng ug'{kg] {5 . /fli6«o jf ;xfos dfu{df 9f6 jf cj/f] w v8fu/L s/ p7fpg kfOg] 5} g . !)= /fli6«o cGt/f{li6«o ;Demf} tfcg'?k :yfgLo s/ lng gkfOg] egL lg0f{o ePsf cfof] hgfx?sf xsdf s/ lng kfOg] 5} g . !!= krlnt sfg"g adf] lhd nfUg] s/ b:t'/ cflb 7] s] bf/n] g} a'emfpg'kg] {5 . !@= 7] Ssf zLif{s cg';f/sf s/ p7fpg /l;b 5'§f5'§} #÷# klt 7] s] bf/n] g} 5kfO u/L sfof{nodf bflvnf u/L sfof{noaf6 kdfl0ft u/fO{ kof] udf Nofpg'kg] {5 . !#= af] nkq k] z ubf{ vfddf nfxf5fk nufO{ lznaGbL u/L bfofFkl§ sfof{nosf] gfd, 7] ufgf, afofFkl§ af] nkq bftfsf] gfd pNn] v u/L af] nkqsf] ljifo ;d] t n] lvPsf] x'g'kg] {5 . !$= o; afx] s cGo s'/ f krlnt P] g lgod / :yfgLo :jfoQ zf;g lgodfjnL @)%^ -t] ;f] ;+zf] wg_ adf] lhd nfu' x'g] 5 . !%= ;t{ /fvL k] z ePsf af] nkq / ;t{ aGb] h ljk/Lt jf Dofb gf3L cfPsf af] nkqdfly s'g} sf/afxL ul/g] 5} g . !^= r'/ ] ;+/ lIft If] q / kSsL k'nsf] tn dfly lgif] lwt If] qaf6 tyf lh=lj=;= sf] :jLs[t kf/lDes jftfj/0f k/LIf0f kltj] bg (IEE) @)^( / @)&! sf] klts"n x'g] u/L 9'+uf, lu§L, afn'jf pTvgg\ / bf] xg ug{ kfOg] 5} g . !&= Ko"7fg lhNnfl:yt hldgsf] e"–;txaf6 pTvgg\ ul/Psf] kfs[lts ;f] t ;fwg kof] u u/] afkt ;a} kIfn] s/ ltg'{ kg] {5 . !*= IEE sf] kltj] bg tyf 3f6u2L;DaGwL kltj] bgdf pNn] v ePsf gbL lsgf/f afx] s cGo :yfgaf6 9'+uf,lu§L afn'jf lgsfNg kfOg] 5} g . !(= cGo lj:t[t hfgsf/Lsf nflu sfof{nosf] ;"rgf kf6Ldf x] g'{x'g jf kmf] g g+= $@))@$, $@)!$& / $@)@$@ df sfof{no ;dodf ;Dks{ /fVg'x'g hfgsf/L u/fOG5 .

xf]d 8]lne/Lsf] ;'ljwf;lxt zfGt jftfj/0fdf e]h tyf gge]hdf ljleGg kl/sf/x? kfOg'sf ;fy} g]kfnL vfgf tyf /f]6Lsf] Joj:yf /x]sf] ;xif{ hfgsf/L u/fpFb5f}+ .

:yfgLo ljsf; clwsf/L

l8nfO6 sg{/ lb km]ldnL /]i6'/]06

Nofpg] , kl/rokq kfO;s] sfn] lgj] bg lbg' gkg] {, s[lifdf cfl>t ;'s'Daf;L kl/jf/nfO{ 38] / L dfq lbP/ ;d:of ;dfwfg gx'g] x'“bf ;'s'Daf;L / e"ldxLgnfO{ pgLx?sf] hLjg lgjf{xsf nflu lxdfnL If] qdf !) / kxf8df % /f] kgL, t/fO{df % s6\7f hUuf lbg'kg] { / o;/L hUuf pknAw u/fp“bf hUuf a9L eP kl/jf/sf] ;+Vofsf cfwf/df hUuf lbg'kg] { dfu ul/Psf] 5 . l j 1 l K t d f dlGqkl/ifbsf] xfn} sf] a} 7sn] cfof] usf] s] Gb / lhNnfdf pkfWoIf kb yKg] lg0f{o u/] sf] 5 . o;/L pkfWoIf yk ubf{ sfof{b] z kl/jt{g u/] / ;b:o yk x'g] sfof{b] z kl/jt{g ul/g' kg] {df hf] 8 lbOPsf] 5 . kqsf/ e] nfdf ;'s'Daf;L ;d:of ;dfwfg cfof] usf ;b:o a+zLs'df/ zdf{n] e] nfdf p7] sf kZgsf] pQ/ lbb} cfof] un] u/] sf sfdsf] ;+lIfKt hfgsf/L lbg'ePsf] lyof] . sfo{qmddf kqsf/ dxf;+3 bfªsf cWoIf ;'bLk uf} tdn] klg af] Ng'ePsf] lyof] . sfo{qmdsf] ;xhLs/0f d~rsf ;lrj xl/gf/fo0f rf} w/Ln] ug'{ePsf] lyof] .

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lxGb" /fi6« lsg rflxof] < kfrLgsfnb]lv g]kfnsf] df6f]df x'ls{b} cfPsf g]kfnLx?nfO{ cfkm\gf] dft[e"ld / ;f+:s[ltsf] dfof‘ 5 . ljZjdf /x]sf !&@ j6f /fi6«x?dWo] !%* j6f /fi6«x? wd{;fk]If g} /x]sf 5g\ . !$ j6f /fi6«dfq wd{lg/k]If 5g\ . wd{;fk]If /fi6«x?n] cf–cfkm\gf wd{zf:qdf ulj{nf] ljZjf; /fVb5g\ . Oh/fon Pp6f ox'bL /fi6« ePem}+, g]kfn klg ljZjs} ;gftg lxGb" /fi6« xf] . b'ef{Uo cgfof; ljgfsf/0f g]kfnsf sf+u|]; sDo'lgi6sf g]t[Tj k+lQmsf s]xL g]tf egfpbfx? klZrdf 9/f{sf] /fhgLlt cg';/0f u/L kfZrfTo d'n'sleq /x]sf] lvlN8ªkm08af6 :6/lnª kf}g 8n/sf] cfly{s knf]egdf r'n'{Da} 8'a]/, /fli6«otfsf] uf}/jnfO{ r6Ss} la;]{/,klZrdf ;+:s[lt leœofOPsf] cj:yf b]lvG5 . @)^# ;fnsf] kltlglw ;efdfkm{t *! kltzt g]kfndf /x]sf lxGb" wdf{jnDaLx?sf] wd{nfO{ hah{:tL s'7f/f3ft u/L wd{ lg/k]If u/fOPsf] 5 . lxGb"x?sf] afx'No ePsf] Psdfq lxGb"/fHo g]kfn ePsf] x'gfn] lxGb" hfltn] wd{, ;flxTo, bz{g / cfTd1fgsf] If]qdf a[xt of]ubfg u/]sf] 5 . g]kfndf lxGb" /fi6« x'‘b}df, oxf a;]sf, O:nfd, h}g, lqmlirog wdf{jnDaLx?nfO{ s'g} lsl;dsf] czflGt x'g] sf/0f b]lvb}g . a? g]kfn lgdf{0f PsLs/0fsf] a]nf g]kfnL d'lZndx?n] /fi6«lgdf{0fdf 7"nf] of]ubfg lbPsf 5g\ . xfdLn] Tof] Oltxf; la;{g' x'‘b}g . a? wd{ lg/k]Iftfn] afx\o /fhgLlts rfnn] 8fxf Oiof{ ;+3if{sf] ;Defjgf kjn?kn] b]vfk/]sf] 5 . lxGb" /fHo lgd"{n ugf{;fy k|frLg lxGb" bz{g ;Eotf ;+:s[lt ;flxTodf 7"nf] cf‘r / rf]6 k'Ug] 5 . o;af6 ;du|x ljZjs} dfgj wd{ / ;+:s[ltdf xfgL k'Ug] hfg] s'/fdf s'g} z+sf 5}g .  k"0f{axfb'/ jnL /fkkf g]kfn kd'v ;Nnfxsf/ ;b:o /f]Nnf lhNnf sld6L

lxhf]cfh lxGb" wd{ / lxGb" /fi6«sf af/]df 5nkmn, ax;, n]vx? k9\g ;'Gg kfOG5 . x'g t s'g} klg wd{ /fhgLlts gf/f gaGg'kg]{ xf] t/ To:t} eO/x]sf] 5 / o; ljifon] eljio c;xh x'g] ;+s]t ub}{5 . /fhgLltn] wd{nfO{ 5kSs 9fSg vf]h] o:t} clgi6 cjZo+efjL aGbf]/x]5 . s'g} klg bnLo l;4fGtsf] cf8 glnO{ Pp6f :jtGq JolQmsf] x}l;otdf eGg] xf] eg] wd{ eg]sf] /fi6«, ;d'bfo / kTo]s JolQmx?sf] c;n hLjg lhpg] z}nL xf] . xfd|f] wd{n] xfdLnfO{ cf–cfkm\gf] a'emfO jf Ifdtfcg';f/ c;n aGg dfu{lgb]{z ul//x]sf] x'G5 . c;n aGg sf]l;; ubf{ub}{ xfdLaf6 slxn] cgk]lIft sfd jf kl/0ffd eP xfdf] wd{n] xfdLnfO{ ;RofO/x]sf] x'G5 . oxL g} wd{sf] wd{ xf] . xfdf ;a} wd{sf kjt{sx? c;n lyP . pgLx?sf] u'0fnfO{ xfdL ;a}n] cg'z/0f ug'{k5{ . ;dosf] sfnv08df ;+;f/sf ljleGg e"uf]nx?df ljleGg wd{sf cjtf/x? hGd], cfkm\gf] nLnf b]vfP, uP . pgLx?sf] k|efj km}lnPsf 7fp‘x?df Ps lsl;dsf] ;dfh / ;Eotf z'? eof] . h'g 7fp‘;Dd pgLx?sf] kefj k'u]g Toxf‘ cs}{ dfGotf, ;dfh / ;Eotf v8f eP . o; ljzfn wtL{df Pp6} cjtf/n] cfkm\g} kefj k"/} k[YjLel/ 5g{ g;Sbf] /x]5 . ToxL eP/ km/s cjtf/, km/s wd{sf] hGd eof] . h] h:tf] ;dfh aGof], cf–cfkm\g} ljz]iftf / klxrfgn] af‘lr/fv]sf] 5 . To;df Pp6f klxrfgo'Qm ;Eotfn] csf]{nfO{ x]Kg', l6sfl6Kk0fL ug'{ / cfkm\gf] ;EotfnfO{ ljZjJofkL u/fpg vf]Hg' cwd{ xf] . g]kfn /fHosf] s'/f ug]{ xf] eg] of] Pp6f ;gftg lxGb" wd{ Pj+ k/Dk/faf6 rNb} cfO/x]sf] b]z xf] . o;sf] ;fIfL xfd|f rf8kj{x? x'g\ . t/ Tof] eg]/ oxf‘ cGo wdf{jnDaLx? lyPgg\ eGg vf]h]sf] xf]Og . To;f] t af}4wd{sf k|at{s eujfg uf}tda'4 g]kfnd} hlGdPsf lyP . To:t} g]kfndf cNk;+Vos ?kdf d'l:nd, h}g jf

cfkm\gf] klxrfg abn]/ kfOg] Ifl0fs nfedf nfUg' /fd|f] xf]Og . cfkm\gf]kgdf /dfcf}+ . e8\lsPsf eP km]l/ kmsf}{+ . t/ cGo wd{ jf klxrfg ePsf klg xfd kmfn]/ lxGb" wd{df ;+nUg x'g h?/L 5}g . cf–cfkm\g} wd{sf] /Iff jf kfngfn] g} xfdf] cfWoflTds tyf ef}lts pGglt x'G5 . ;a} wd{sf] ho xf];, ;a}sf] sNof0f xf];\ . xfd|f] lxGb" /fHo jf xfd|f] klxrfg / k4lt afFlr/xf];\ .

 lqmlZrogx? klg lyP . ax';+Vos lxGb"x? ePsfn] of] Pp6f ljlzi6 wfld{s ;defjo'Qm lxGb" /fHo lyof] . ha g]kfnsf] P]ltxfl;s ;+ljwfg;ef– kydn] g]kfnnfO{ wd{ lg/k]If /fHo 3f]if0ff u¥of], To;kl5 lxGb"jfbLn] cfkm\gf] klxrfg d]l6Psf] cg'ej u/] hf] :jfefljs lyof] . @)^@–^# sf] ljzfn hgcfGbf]ngtfsf ;8sdf gp7]sf] gf/f PSsf;L ;+ljwfg;ef h:tf] hgkltlglwx?dfemaf6 :jLs[t eO{ wd{lg/k]If /fHo 3f]if0ff x'‘bf r'gfjdf g]tfx?nfO{ ef]6 lbPsf hgtfnfO{ yKk8 xfg]h:tf] eof] tyflk o;df s;}n] cfkm\gf] hLt ePsf] jf :jfy{ l;4 ePsf] dx;'; u/] xf]nf t/ em08} c;L kltzt eGbf w]/} g]kfnL b]zaf;Lx?n] o;nfO{ if8\oGq eGg] a'em] . hftLo ;+3Lotfsf kIfw/x?n] Pp6f hft ljz]ifnfO{ ;Daf]wg ug{ vf]Hbf c;L kltzt wd{ ;d'bfonfO{ ge'Ng kYof]{ Tof] b]lvPg . To;}n] clxn] ;8sdf / ;bgdf lxGb" /fHosf kIfdf eO/x]sf ;Dk"0f{ sfo{qmdx?nfO{ cg'lrt eGg] cf‘6 d ug{ ;Sb}g en} o;n] slthgf g]tfx?sf] /fhgLlts hLjg dfly hfnf . cfkm\g} klxrfg d]6\g] sfo{ jf if8\oGqsf] la?4df pleg] hf] sf]xL klg b]zsf] ;Rrf l;kfxL xf] . hxf‘;Dd lxGb" wd{sf] s'/f 5 dfgjhLjgsf ;a} kIfnfO{ k"0f{?kdf dfu{lgb]{z ug{ ;Sg] wd{ a}lbs lxGb"wd{ dfq xf] . o; wd{df /x]sf rf/ j]b, 5 j]bfË, 5 j]bf]kfË, %^ :d[lt, !* dxfk'/f0f, /fdfo0f, dxfef/t cflb c;+Vo uGyx? ljZjd} clåtLo

1fglj1fgsf e08f/ x'g\ . logLx?n] xfdLnfO{ xfdf] ;+:s[lt, k/Dk/f, d"No, dfGotf, /Lltlylt, e]ife"iff, cfrf/ljrf/, vfgkfg OToflbsf af/]df l;sfO/x]sf 5g\ . lbJob[li6 ePsf tk:jL Clifx?n] k/dfTdfsf] lgMZjf;sf ?kdf j}lbs dGqx?nfO{ s7f]/ tk:ofn] cfkm\gf lgd{n Xbodf k|fKt u/L k|;fl/t u/]sf 5g\ . j}lbs Crfx?nfO{ tflGqs jf uf]7fn] uLt dfGg ;lsb}g . l;h{gfsfnb]lv xfn;Dd s'g} klg zf:qsf ljåfgx?n] logdf vf]6 nufpg ;s]sf 5}gg\ . pbfQ :j/df cfh;Dd klg u'~hfodfg 5g\ a]bsf dGqx? . e"t, eljio / jt{dfgnfO{ b]Vg], ;Dk"0f{ kf0fL hutsf] lxt rfxg] Clifd'lgx?af6 /lrt j}lbs zf:qx? clxn]sf h:tf /fu, å]if, nf]e, df]x, qmf]w, cf8Da/ n] u:t If'b :jfy{ ePsf JolQmn] agfPsf l5gl5gdf km]g{ ldNg] / ;+zf]wg ug'{kg]{ ;+ljwfg, P]g sfg"g / lgodeGbf km/s 5g\ . o; ljifodf ;fdfGo 1fg klg gePsf] lxGb"nfO{ cGo dt / ;Dkbfon] Ifl0fs cfsif{0f b]vfO unt ljrf/n] kefljt u/L cGo wd{tkm{ df]8\g' sxf‘;Dd hfoh xf] < cfkm\gf]kgdf / cfkm\gf] wd{df uf}/jfg'e"lt ug]{ ;Hhgsf nflu of] s:tf] kL8f xf] < To;}n] cfkm\gf] :j0fL{d wd{sf] :j?k g} a'em\g] cj;/ gkfO{ e8\lsg k'u]sfnfO{ cfkm\gf] wd{sf] oyfy{ ?k ki6 a'em\g ;xof]u k'¥ofpg' a]bj]Qfx?sf] bfloTj ePsf] 5 . j}lbs wd{zf:qn] nf}lss, Jofjxfl/s, clwef}lts, cflwb}ljs / cfWoflTds kIfx?nfO{ lnP/

dfwj k ;fb b fxfn

Pp6f k|i6 Joj:yf ldnfPsf] 5 . t/ ljj]sL b[li6 k'¥ofpg g;Sg] cEof;stf{x?n] ubf{ tL Joj:yfx? cGwljZjf;n] el/Psf h:tf b]lvG5g\ . lxGb" wd{ zf:qx?n] lgb]{z u/]sf s'g} klg ljifo cGwljZjf;k"0f{ 5}gg\ . unt JofVofsf sf/0f rnfOPsf ;fdflhs sn+s?kL s'–;+:s[lt zf:qsf] ulx/fOdf 8'Ab} hf‘bf ki6 x'G5g\ . lxGb" wd{ cfd g]kfnLx?sf] dxfg lglw xf] . j}lbs hLjgofqf k4lt lxGb"x?sf] P]xnf}lss / k/nf}lss ;v';d[l4sf] k4lt xf] . j}lbs lxGb" wd{zf:qleq uDeL/ tTj bz{g / ks[lt;Ddt zfZjt kIfx? lgxLt 5g\ . of] g]kfnLx?sf] /fli6«otf / clåtLo lrgf/L klg xf] . lxGb"x?sf] ljlzi6 ;defjo'Qm ;dfhnfO{ wfjf af]Ng] u/L wd{ kl/jt{g u/fp‘b} hfg] sfo{ / ka[lQsf lj?4 xfdL Psh'6 x'g} k5{ . sfNklgs ljsf;jfbL l;4fGtn] czfGt ePsf] ljZjnfO{ ;+oldt / ljj]szLn agfpg ;Sg] Ifdtf lxGb" wd{ uGyx?df ule{t 5 . ;+oldt / tk:of/t /xL cfkm\gf u|Gyx?sf] cWoog u/f}+ . cfkm\gf] klxrfg abn]/ kfOg] Ifl0fs nfedf nfUg' /fd|f] xf]Og . cfkm\gf]kgdf /dfcf}+ . e8\lsPsf eP km]l/ kmsf}{+ . t/ cGo wd{ jf klxrfg ePsf klg xfd kmfn]/ lxGb" wd{df ;+nUg x'g h?/L 5}g . cf–cfkm\g} wd{sf] /Iff jf kfngfn] g} xfdf] cfWoflTds tyf ef}lts pGglt x'G5 . ;a} wd{sf] ho xf];, ;a}sf] sNof0f xf];\ . xfd|f] lxGb" /fHo jf xfdf] klxrfg / k4lt af‘lr/xf];\ .

s;n] s] eg] < http://www.facebook.com/yougbodh

;'s'Daf;L cfof]un] jf:tljs ;'s'Daf;Lx?nfO{ hUufsf] cfwf/kq ljt/0f ug{df tkfO“ sltsf] ljZj:t x'g'x'G5 < ltns clwsf/L M ;'s'Daf;L cfof]un] hUufsf] cfwf/kq ljt/0f u5{÷ub}{g eGbf klg afs;df nfnk"hf{ /fv]/ P]nfgL hUufdf dxn 78\ofpg]x?sf] hUufdf 8f]h/ nufP/ ;f] hUuf ;/sf/L :jfldTjdf lnG5÷lnb}g eGg] s'/f kd'v xf] . xl/ ;'j]bL M ztkltzt ljZjf; 5}g . o;cl3 klg nfnk"hf{sf] nflu kmf/fd e/]sf lyP ;'s'Daf;Ln] . kmf]6f] lvRg], kmf]6f]slk ug]{ / kmf/fd el/lbg]nfO{ rflxF kmfObf 5 . klj0f e08f/L M of] Pp6f ;'s'Daf;Lx?nfO{ cfzfjfbL u/fpg] dfq xf] .

;'jf; zdf{ M ;w} gsf/fTds?kn] gx]/f}+ . cfzf u/f}+, ;'s'Daf;L cfof]un] ;'s'Daf;Lsf] ;d:of / dfu rfF8} ;dfwfg ug]{5 .

u f]k fn k f }8 ]n lu l /z M ;Rrf ;'s'Daf;LnfO{ of] kqsf] af/]df hfgsf/L g} 5}g . t/ of] b]zsf x's'daf;Lx?n] kq kfO;s] .

anb]j dNn M vf]O aflx/sf] rxnkxn b]Vbf t nfU5 af:tljs ;'s'Daf;Lsf] gfd ehfP/ bnfnx?n] cfkm\gf] e'F8L e5{g\ ls h:tf] nfU5 . vf:;} ljZj:t 5}g . yfg]Zj/ sfnfyf]sL M clxn] g} sfd u/fpg b'O{ ;o ?k}ofF 3'; lbP/ sfd agfO/x]sf] u'gf;f] cfPsf] 5 .

sf+u]; Pdfn] ;lRrPgg\ eg] dw]zL hgtf cfkm\gf] ;/sf/ cfkm} agfpg :jtGq 5g\ .

– k'iksdn bfxfn …kr08ÚÚ -Pdfcf]jfbL cWoIf_ kb]zsf] s] gfd /fVg] / /fhwfgL sxfF agfpg] eGg] clwsf/ kb]z ;efnfO{ lbg] elgPsf] 5 . gfdfs/0fsf af/]df xfdL s7f]/ 5}gf}+, ;+Vof rflxF sd agfpg'k5{ .

– dx]z cfrfo{ -jgdGqL_ dxflwj]zgkl5 kf6L{n] ult lng g;Sg'df kf6L{ cWoIf lhDd]jf/ x'g'x'G5 . dxflwj]zgkl5 kf6L{ ljlw;Ddt t/Lsfn] rNg ;s]g . dxflwj]zgkl5 s]GbLo sld6L h'g 7fpFdf lyof] clxn] klg ToxL 7fpFdf 5 .

– 3gZofd e';fn -Pdfn] g]tf_ dw]zjfbL bnx?n] rfx] sf+u]; Pdfn]sf dGqLx? lkmtf{ af]nfP/ eP klg ;/sf/df ;dfj]z ug{ ;lsG5 .

– bLks'df/ pkfWofo -g]kfnL sf+u];sf g]tf_ cfly{s pGglt dfq} ljsf;sf] kl/rfos xf]Og . o;sf] ;fydf /f]huf/Lsf] cj;/ ;'zf;g, ;fdflhs ;'/Iff, lzIff, vfB ;]jfdf kx'Fr, JolQmut :jtGqtf, ;dflhs d"Noh:tf dxTjk"0f{ kIf 5g\ .

– s[i0fafa' >]i7 -n]vs_

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bfªsf of]hgf sfof{Gjogdf ;'wf/sf] cfjZostf t/fO{ / kxf8aLr åGå lsg < of]hgf cfkm}df To:tf] ;'lgof]lht sfo{k4lt xf] h'g s'g } lglZrt p2]Zo kfKt ug]{ p2]Zon] ckgfOPsf] x'G5 h;sf] th'{df / sfof{Gjog s'g } a:t' jf ;]jf pTkfbg ug] { cyjf s' g } lglZrt /rgfTds sfo{ ug{sf] nflu ul/G5 . lglZrt ;f]t / ;fwg, sfo{ ;Dkfbg ug{sf nflu nfutsf] cg'dfg / sfo{ ;Dkfbg ug'{kg]{ ;do cyf{t\ p2]Zo kfKt ug{sf nflu ug'{kg]{ sfo{sf] nflu pkof]u ul/g] ;fwg, sfo{ k 0ffnL cflbsf] k" j{ l g wf{ l /t k f¿ksf ] df Woda f6 ljsf;sf lqmofsnfkx¿nfO{ ;kmntfsf] dfu{ d f nDsfpgsf nflu cfjZos tof / L, ;dG jo / k lqm of P j sfof{Gjogsf] cfjZostf kb{5 . h;n] Jojl:yt ljsf;sf] cfwf/tTjsf] kTofe"lt u/fp‘5 . b] z sf] s' n e" – efudWo] @=))& kltzt cyf{t \ @ xhf/ ( ;o %% ju{ lsnf] ld6/ If] qkmn cf] u6] sf] bfª lhNnf dWoklZrdf~rn ljsf; If] q sf] d' 6 ' dflgG5 h;n] b' O { j6f gu/kflnsf / #( ufp‘ ljsf; ;ldltx?;lxt % nfv %@ xhf/ % ;o *# dflg;x?nfO{ cfkm\g f] If]qdf /fv]sf] 5 . ;/sf/n] t]x f}+ of]h gf -@)&)÷@)&!– @)&@÷@)&#_ sf] sfof{Gjog ul//x‘ bf /fKtL c~rnsf] ; b / d ' s f d ; d] t / x ] s f ] b f ª df lhNnf:t/af6 b' O { j 6f of] h gf -kyd cfjlws lhNnf ljsf; of] h gf @)%&÷%*–)^#÷^$_ / bf]; f] cfjlws lhNnf ljsf; of] h gf -@)^(÷)&)– @)&#÷)&$_ nfu' ePsf] / s] Gb :t/af6 …Ps lhNnf Ps pTkfbg s fo{ q m dÚ s f ] ?k df …a fv fk fn g sfo{ qmdÚ / t' Nf;Lk' /–k'/ gwf/f ;8s of]hgf Pj+ kuGgf tyf a8\sfky l;+r fO{ cfof] h gf of] h gf tyf sfo{ q mdsf] ?kdf b] vf k/]sf 5g\ . /fi6«k lt r' /] ;+/If0f sfo{qmd, d'Q m sDnx/Lsf nflu lZfIff sfo{q md, pBf] u dGqfnocGtu{t l;d]G 6 pBf]usf nflu cfjZos ljB't ;] j f pknAw u/fpg] l;nl;nfdf xfn;Dd s' ; ' d –xfk' / ] !@@ s] eL k ;f/0f nfOgsf] %*=!! Kf ltzt / ndxL–3f] / fxL !#@ s] dL k ;f/0f nfOgsf] *% kltzt dfq sfd ;DkGg ePsf h:tf of]hgf tyf sfo{ qmdx?x? /x]sf] bfªdf /fKtL nf]s dfu{sf] ljsf; uf}/ jsf] ljifo klg ag] sf] 5 . :yfgLo :jfoQ zf;g P]g @)%% / lgodfjnL @)%^ sf] cfwf/df /x] / :yfgLo lgsfon] cfkm\g f] If] qsf] lbuf] / qmlds lj s f ; s f n f lu cNk s f n L g / bL3{ s fnLg cfjlws of] h gf agfO{ sfof{ G jog ug] { ] k of ;:j?k bfª lhNnfsf] kyd cfjlws lhNnf ljsf; of] hgf -@)%&÷%*–)^#÷^$ _ k" /f eO{ bf]; f] cfjlws lhNnf ljsf; of]h gf @)^(÷)&)–@)&#÷)&$_ sfof{ Gjogsf] r/0fdf 5 . cfly{ s jif{ @)&!÷@)&@ sf] ;/sf/sf] gLlt tyf sfo{qmddf …s[lif qmflGt bzsÚ 3f]if0ff u/L vfBfGgdf cfTdlge{ / agfpg] gLlt cjnDag ul/g]5 elgP klg bfªdf o;sf] s'g } k| e fjsf/L k| o f; ePsf] b] l vb} g . …:jo+;]jf cleofgdf kl/rfng sfo{qmdÚ,

…Ps lgjf{r g If]q Ps v]n d}bfg sfo{qmdÚ tyf …cgnfOg ;]jf dfkm{t /fxbfgL b/vf:t btf{ ug]{ sfo{qmdÚ h:tf ;/sf/sf sfo{qmd klg sfuhdf dfq ;Lldt ePsf] o; lhNNffdf rfn' cfly{s jif{ @)&!÷@)&@ sf] ah]6 jStJodf zxLbdfu{ -3f]/fxL– xf]n]/L_ ;8ssf] :t/f]Gglt Pj+ sfnf]kq] ug]{ elgP klg o;n] kefjsfl/tf kfpg ;s]sf] 5}g . /fli6«o hgu0fgf @)^* sf] tYof+s x]bf{ ! nfv # xhf/ & ;o ^@ 3/w'/L cfkm\g } 3/df a;f]af; ug]{ cj:yf /x]sf] bfªdf $& xhf/ % ;o &) 3/w'/Ln] dfq wf/fsf] kfgLsf] ;'ljwf pkef]u ug{ kfPsf

tbf?stf b]vfpg g;s]sf] v08df of]hgfsf] bL3{sfnLg ;f]r …xl/tqmflGt, cfTdlge{/tf / ;dtf, @! cf}+ ztfJbLdf bfªsf] ;DkGgtfÚ gf/fdf dfq ;Lldt x'g ]5 . nIfsf cfwf/df of] h gfa4?kdf kfyldstf kfKt sfo{qmdx?sf] 5gf]6 u/L ;f]xLcg';f/ ;f]t kl/rfng ug]{tkm{ lhNnfsf] Wofg hfg g;Sg' tyf ef}lts k"jf{wf/sf] ljsf;tkm{ hf] 8 lbOPsf] b] l vP tfklg of]hgfa4 ;f]rsf] cefjsf sf/0f nufgLsf] pRrtd + pkof]u x'g g;Sg' Pj cfjZos ef}lts k"jf{wf/ tyf ljz]if1, 8fS6/ Pj+ cGo :jf:YosdL{x?sf] sdLsf sf/0f :jf:Yo

/fli6« o cg' udg tyf d" N of+sg lgb] { l zsf, @)&) nfO{ lh Nnf txdf k lg k| e fjs f/L agfpg' k b { 5 . o f] h gfs f] sfof{ G jogdf of] h gfsf] p2] Z ocg' ; f/ lk5l8Psf, lgDg :yfgdf /x] s f, ;' l jwfljxLg pTkLl8t ju{ / hfltnfO{ ;xefuL u/fpg' k b{ 5 . nlIft ju{ jf ;d" xnfO{ ;d] 6\ g ;s] df dfq cfof] h gf sfof{ Gjog k| efjsf/L x' g;S5 .

5g\ eg] cem} klg $ xhf/ * ;o ^* 3/w'/L gbL tyf vf]nfsf] kfgL lkpg afWo 5g\, vfgf ksfpgsf] nflu ce}m klg ** xhf/ * ;o @& 3/w'/L bfp/fdf lge{/ /x]sf 5g\ . o;n] lhNnfaf;Lsf] cfly{s cj:yfsf] lrq0f ub{5 . :o" h f, ;} 3 f, nf] x f/kfgL, sfe ] / xf‘:fLk'/h:tf kxf8L uflj;x? tyf cGo uflj;x? Pj+ gu/kflnsfx? ;d]tdf of]hgf tof/ ubf{ Pj+ of]hgfsf] sfof{Gjog ubf{ ljz]if Wofg hfg g;s]sf] cj:yfdf s]GbLo :t/af6 ul/g] ;j]{If0f / :yfgLo?kdf ul/g] ;j]{If0faf6 lg:sg] lgisif{df Ps?ktf x'Gf ;s]sf] 5}g . hDdf @* uflj;df dfq afx|} dlxgf oftfoft rNg] cj:yf / ljB' t nfOgn] g5f]Psf] uflj; cem} Pp6f x'g'n] klg of]hgf sfof{Gjogsf] kefjsfl/tfdf k|ZglrGx v8f u/]sf] 5 . of]hgf eg]sf] eljiosf] clglZrttfnfO{ j:t'ut cfwf/df lglZrttfdf kl/0ft u/L eljiodf rfx]h:tf] cj:yf -bL3{s fnLg ;f]r / nIocg' ?k_ To;tkm{ pGd'v u/fpg ;Sg' xf] . of]hgf cjlwleq lhNnfn] rfx]sf] lglb{i6 lbzftkm{ s] slt ;kmntf kfKt ug{ ;Sof] eGg] s'/f ;f] ;DaGwdf ;dLIff d"Nof+sgaf6 hfgsf/L k|fKt x'g;S5 . cfGtl/s of]hgf th'{df / sfof{ G jog kIf lhlj;sf] /] v b] v / lgoGq0fdf kb{5 . lhlj;sf] k"0f{ lgoGq0fdf gx'g ] t/ lg0f{odf kefj kfb}{ gLltut ;'wf/ / dfu{bz{g df ;xof]u ug]{ of]hgf vf;u/L u}/;/sf/L ;+:yf, ;fd'blos ;+3, ;+u7g / lghL If] qsf sfo{qmdsf ;fy} s]GbLo / If]qLo:t/af6 ;~rflnt of]hgfdf tYof+s, ;" r gf, hfgsf/Lsf] ckof{ K ttf Pj+ ;Lldttfsf] sf/0f jfx\o kIfaf6 ;~rflnt of]hgf tyf sfo{qmdsf] ;dLIff d"Nof+sg ug{ cfjZos tYof+s pknAw x'g g;Sg', kof{Kt ;"r gf kfKt gx'g ', sltko kfKt ;" r gfx? a Lr tf nd] n gx' g ' h :tf ;d:ofx?n] bfªsf of]hgf kefjsf/L x'g ;s]sf 5}g g\ . klxnf] of]hgfdf nueu $) kltztdfq nIo kfKt u/]sf] bfªn] cfkm\gf] bf];f] ofhgfsf] pknlAw *) kltzt k'¥ ofpg' cfjZos 5 . lhNnfdf cjl:yt ljleGg sfof{nox?n] of]hgf sfof{Gjogdf

If]qdf :t/Lo ;]j k'Ug g;Sg'h:tf sf/0fn] bfªsf] of]hgfsf] pknlAwdf kToIf kefj k/]sf] 5 . lhNnfdf pknAw ;|f]t / ;fwgnfO{ lhNnfsf] ljleGg :yfgdf yf]/}–yf]/} ljt/0f ul/g] kj[lQn] ubf{ 7"nf / dxTjk"0f{ of]hgfx?

5fof‘df kg]{ tyf :yfgLo ;f]t, ;fwg / ;Lksf] pkof]u ug]{tkm{ ck]lIft kof; gul/g' Pj+ :yfgLo lgsfox?sf] ;+u7gfTds ;+/rgf / Ifdtfdf ;'wf/ gu/L x/]s jif{ gof‘–gof‘ of]hgf 5gf]6 ul/g] kj[lQ xfjL x'g'h:tf ;d:of bfªdf b]lvPsf 5g\ . lb uf ] lj s f ; , ; x e f lut f T ds sfo{ k 4lt, n } + l us ;dtf, ;' z f ;g, ljs]G bLs/0f, dfgjclwsf/, åGåkLl8tsf nflu sfo{ qmd h:tf lgb] {zs l;4fGtx? Tfyf sfo{ g Lltx?s f] k efjsfl/tfn] lhNnfsf] ljsf;, :yfgLo lgsfodf sfo{/t lghfdtL sd{r f/Lx?sf] Ifdtf / :t/sf] kltlglWfTj ub{ 5 / Go" g td dfkb08 k"/ f ug{ c;kmn 3f]lift x'g ] uflj;x?nfO{ ;' wf/sf] dfu{ k|b fg ug]{ sfo{ Ufb{5 . lhNnfaf ;Lsf ] :j f:Yo, ;d[ 4 , ;dtfd"ns / ;Ddfghgs hLjg:t/ sfod ug]{ nIf tyf pgLx?sf] ;fdflhs cj:yfdf ;'wf/, cfly{s l:yltdf ;'wf/, dlxnf tyf afnaflnsfx?sf] ;jf{ËL0f l:yltdf ;'wf/, :jf:Yo ;' l jwfdf clea[ l 4, lzIffdf ;+ VofTds tyf u'0 ffTds?kn] a[ l 4 eO{ dfgjLo ;+zf]wgsf] ;d'lrt ljsf;, ;'/lIft vfg]kfgL tyf ;/;kmfOsf] ;'ljwf la:tf/, s[lifdf cfw'lgsLs/0f / Joj;foLs/0f u/fO{ pTkfbsTjdf a[l4, kfs[lts ;f]t;fwgsf] klxrfg u/L ;+/If0f, ljsf; / ;b'kof]uaf6 lbuf] ljsf;, ef} l ts tyf ;+ : yfut k" j f{ w f/x?sf] la:tf/, pBdzLntf / cf}Bf]lus ljsf;åf/f /f]huf/Lsf cj;/x?df a[l4, :yfgLo lgsfox?sf] Ifdtf a[l4 eO{ s'zntfk"j{s ljsf; Joj:yfkg, lk5l8Psf blnt, pTkLl8t, cflbjf;L, hghflt / ;'s'Daf;Lsf] hLjg:t/df ;'wf/, P]ltxfl;s, wfld{s, ;f+:s[lts, k'/ftflTjs tyf dgf]/d kfs[lts ;Dkbfx? ko{6sLo:ynsf] ?kdf ljsf; / ;~rf/ If]q -kqsfl/tf, kqklqsf, PkmPd_ sf] ljsf; tyf la:tf/ eO{ ;j{ ; fwf/0f ;' ; " l rt x' g ] jftfj/0fsf]

 lji0f'k;fb vgfn ljsf;h:tf Ps bh{g p2]Zox? dfq lgwf{/0f u/]/ dfq k'Ub}g . p2]Zo tyf nIf k"/f ug{sf nflu hg;xeflutf, hjfkmb]x Ltf, kefjsfl/tf, nugzLntf / s fof{ Gjog ug] { lg sfo lhNnfaf;Lx?k|lt pQ/bfoL x'g ' h?/L 5 . cg'udg / d"Nof+sg sfo{n] dxTj gkfpg', cg'udg / d"Nof+sgaf6 kfKt k[i 7kf] i f0fnfO{ gLlt lg0f{ o klqmofdf cfj4tf ug{ g;lsg', bIf tflndkfKt tyf gjLgtd ;Lk / kljlw kof]u ug{;Sg] hgzlQmsf] cefj / of]hgfx¿n] cg'udg tyf d"Nof+sgnfO{ kd'v sfdsf ¿kdf glng] h:tf ;d:ofx¿ lhNnfdf 5g\ . cg' u dg tyf d" N of+ s gnfO{ ljleGg txut¿kdf geO{ PsLs[ t ¿kdf sfof{Gjog ug'{kg]{, of]hgf th'{df ubf{sf] cj:yfdf cg'udg ul/g] lqmofsnfk / d"Nof+sg ul/g] pknlAwnfO{ j:t'ut tyf dfkgof] U o¿kdf kl/eflift gu/L ljifout¿kdf sfod ug]{, d"Nof+sgnfO{ sfo{;Dkfbg / hjfkmb]x Ltf;‘u cfj4 gu/L ;fdfGo kf7 l;sfOsf] ¿kdf lng] ka[lQnfO{ kl/jt{g ug'{kg]{ b]lvg'sf] ;fy} cg' udg tyf d" N of+ s g nfO{ yk glthfd" ns agfpgsf nflu /fli6« o cg'udg tyf d"NofÍg lgb]{lzsf, @)&) nfO{ lhNnftxdf klg k efjsf/L agfpg'kb{5 . of]h gfsf] sfof{Gjogdf of]hgfsf] p2]Zocg';f/ lk5l8Psf, lgDg :yfgdf /x]sf, ;'ljwfljxLg pTkLl8t ju{ / hfltnfO{ ;xefuL u/fpg'kb{5 . nlIft ju{ jf ;d" x nfO{ ;d]6\g ;s] df dfq cfof]hgf sfof{Gjog k|efjsf/L x'g;S5 . jt{dfg t]x f}+ of]hgf -@)&)÷@)&!– @)&@ ÷@)&#_ df cg'udg tyf d"Nof+sg sfo{qmdcGt{ut cg'udg tyf d"NofÍgsf] dfWodaf6 of] h gf tyf gLltlgdf{ 0 f klqmofnfO{ kdf0fdf cfwfl/t u/fpg], ;fj{hlgs hjfkmb]xLtf clea[l4 ug]{ / ljsf; gLlt, sfo{qmd tyf cfof]hgfsf] sfof{GjognfO{ kefjsf/L u/fpg] h:tf nIfx? lgwf{/0f ul/Psf] 5 . oL nIfx? k fKt ug{ s f nf lu cg' u dg tyf d"NofÍgnfO{ glthfd'vL agfpg tof/ ul/ Psf] PsL s[ t lbUb z{ g n fO{ kefjsf/L?kdf sfof{G jogdf Nofpg], cg'udg tyf d"NofÍg;DaGwL ;+:yfut ;'wf/ u/L ;Da¢ ;+:yfx?sf] e"ldsfnfO{ ;'b[9 u/fpg]h:tf /0fgLltx? canDag ul/Psf] eP klg o;nfO{ bfª lhNnf;Dd k'¥ ofpg' / kefjsf/L sfof{Gjog ug'{ bfªdf cjl:yt :yfgLo lgsfo, /fhgLlts bn, kl/jt{gsf ;+jfxs :yfgLo ;~rf/ dfWod / lghfdtL sd{rf/L tyf :jo+ bfª lhNnfaf;Lsf] klg st{Ao xf] .

;+; f/sf s'g } klg b] z x? ljleGg lsl;dsf e"jgfj6af6 ag]sf x'G5g\ . ;a} 7fp‘df Pp6} lsl;dsf] e"agfj6, /xg;xg, /Lltl/jfh x'g ;Sb}g . xfd|f] b]z g]kfn klg t/fO{, kxf8 / lxdfnnfO{ ;d]6]/ ag]sf] Pp6f ;fgf] t/ ljs6 b]z dflgG5 . st} ;dy/ e"–efu 5 eg] st} eL/kfvf, r§fg / cUnf– cUnf kxf8sf] ;fy} afx} dlxgf lxp‘ n] 9fls/xg] lxdfnx? klg 5g\ . To:t} ;a} 7fp‘df w]/} yf]/} eP klg dfgj a:tLx? 5g\ . k/fk"j{sfndf t/fO{df 3gfh+un / ljleGg lsl;dsf /f]ux?sf] sf/0fn] ubf{ dfgja:tL Psbd} sd dfqfdf lyof] eg] pRr lxdfndf klg hLjg Hofb} si6s/ x'g] ePsfn] Toxf‘ klg dfgj a:tL Psbd} sd dfqfdf lyof] / clxn];Dd klg sd} 5, t/fO{df eg] klxn] a:tL Go"g eP tfklg kl5 xfn cfP/ cf}nf], cugh:tf /f]ux?sf] pGd"ng ePkl5 kxf8 / lxdfnL If]qsf dflg;x?sf] a;fO;/fOsf sf/0f t/fO{ If]q el/e/fp ePsf] 5 eg] kxf8, lxdfndf klg dfgj a:tL s]xL sd dfqfdf eP klg 5‘b}5 . ;a} If]qdf a;f]af; ug]{ dflg;x?sf] cf–cfkm\g} lsl;dsf e]ife"iff, /xg;xg, /Lltl/jfh, vfgkfg / rf8kj{x ? 5g\ . lxdfndf a:g], ef]6], z]kf{, tfdfª, nfdfx?, t/fO{df a:g] yf? bg'jf/, kf;jfg, d';x/ / aLrsf] kxf8L efudf a:g] afx\d0f, If]qL, 7s'/L, du/, sfdL, bdfO{, ;a}sf cf–cfkm\g} lsl;dsf efiffz}nL, /xg;xg 5g\ . ;a}sf cf–cfkm\gf] df}lnstf 5 . ;a}sf cf–cfkm\gf dft[e fiff 5g\ . lxdfndf a:g] tfdfª, ef]6]x?sf] efiff t/fO{sf yf? bg'jf/n] a'‰b}gg\ . eg] kxf8df a:g] du/ / v; efiff klg lxdfnL / t/fO{af;Ln] a'‰b}gg\ t/ cf–cfkm\gf] 7fp‘df cf–cfkm\g} dft[efiffsf] rngrNtL eP tfklg ;a}n] dfGg] / ;a}n] a'‰g] vfnsf] Pp6f sfg'gL efiff b]zdf x'g}k5{ . To;}n] g]kfndf klg ;a}n] hfGg] a'‰g] vfnsf] efiffnfO{ g]kfnL efiff eg]/ sfg'gL ?kdf sfdsfhsf] efiff eg]/ klxn]b]lv g} b]zsf] /fi6«efiff dflgPsf] a'lemG5 . b]zsf] /fi6«efiff clxn] ;Dd lxdfnb]l v t/fO{ ;Ddsf ;a} hfthflt ju{ ;Dkbfosf dflg;x?n] a'‰g / af]Ng ;S5g\ . efiffafx]s e]ife"iff klg cfkm\gf] a;f]af; u/]sf] 7fp‘ 5f]8]/ aflx/ lg:sbf ;a}n] g} Ps} lsl;dsf kf]zfsx? klxl/g] ub{5g\ . h;sf] dft[efiff g} /fi6«efiff lyof] p;nfO{ sfg'gL?kdf / n]vk9 ug{ klg s]xL ;lhnf] x'g] / cfkm\gf] dft[efiff km/s ePsfnfO{ sfg'gL efiffdf s]xL c;lhnf] eP tfklg vf;} km/s kb}{g . kxf8 / lxdfn If]qdf dfgj a:tL cToGt} Go"g 5 / Toxf‘ ef}uf]lns ljs6tfn] ubf{ ljsf; lgdf{0fsf sfdx? klg Tolt x'g ;s]sf 5}gg\ . ;fy} lzIff :jf:Yoh:tf cfwf/e"t cfjZostf kl/k"lt{ ug]{ vfnsf ;+/rgfsf] klg sdL 5 . t/fO{sf dflg;nfO{ hlt ;'ljwf 5 Tolt ;'ljwf kSs} klg kxf8 / lxdfndf a:g] dflg;x?nfO{ 5}g . t/fO{ e"agfj6n] g} ;dy/ ePsfn] oftfoftsf] ljsf; ug{ klg w]/} ;lhnf] 5 . To:t} lzIffsf] If]qdf klg :s"n, sn]hx? klxn] g} v'n]sf x'gfn] t/fO{sf dflg; g} a9L lzlIft 5g\ . /fd|/L lgofn]/ vf]Hg] xf] eg] t/fO{sf dflg;x?sf] /fhgLltdf klg alnof] pkl:ylt 5 . /fi6« k lt, pk/fi6«kltb]lv dlGqd08ndf ;d]t t/fO{af;L g] t fx?sf] pkl:ylt sd 5} g . To:t} /fi6«;]jssf s'/f ubf{ klg pRr cf]xf]bfb]lv lgDg ju{; Dd klg t/fO{af;Lsf] alnof]

 ?bk;fb zdf{ pkl:ylt /x]sf] 5 . gfkL sfof{no, ;8s ljefu, jg ljefunufot ;/sf/sf ljleGg lgsfodf pRr cf]xf]bfdf a:g] t/fO{af;L g} 5g\ . t/fO{df lzlIft JolQmx? a9L ePs} sf/0fn] ubf{ s}of}+ t/fO{af;L o'jfx? hflu/sf] nflu h'Dnf, x'Dnf, 8f]Nkf, dgfª, d':tfª;Dd k'u]sf 5g\ . pBf]uwGwf, snsf/vfgf klg kxf8sf] bf‘hf]df t/fO{df g} a9L 5g\ / Toxf‘ sfd ug]{ 7"nfb]lv ;fgf] cf]xf]bf;Dd hgzlQm ToxL+s} 5 . w]/} hg;+Vof ePsf] 7fp‘df s]xL dflg;x? cfkm\gf] sdhf]/Ln] ubf{ clzlIft c;Eo / ul/j x'g' :jfefljs g} dflgG5 . h:t} kxf8df hlt hg;+Vof 5}g Tolt dflg;x? t/fO{df jf 7"nf zx/x?df les dfUg] u5{g\ -dfu]/ vfG5g\_ . s'g} ;dodf eGg] ul/GYof]– g]kfnsf] hg;+VofeGbf a9L dflg; ef/tdf lesf/L 5g\ eg]/ . ef/t g]kfnsf] bf‘hf]df cToGt} 7"nf], ljsl;t / x/]s s'/fdf cufl8 /x]sf] b]z xf] . t/ Toxf‘sf] Tof] lesf/Lsf] ;+Vofn] ubf{ s] ef/tnfO{ cljsl;t, c;Eo d'n's dfGg ;lsG5 < To:t} xf] g]kfnsf] t/fO{ / kxf8sf] s'/f klg . t/fO{sf] vfBfGgn] kxf8 / lxdfndf a:g] dflg;x?n] k]6 kfNg kfPsf 5g\ . t/fO{sf] cGge08f/ g]kfnLx?sf] kf0fkfns xf] eg] bnxg, t]nxg, d;nf, t/sf/L cflbn] k"/} b]znfO{ g} wfGg] u/]sf] 5 . kxf8 / lxdfndf h8La'6L, kmnk"mn, l3p, kz'x? dfq} pTkfbg x'G5g\ . tL klg s]xL /sd cfh{g ug]{ dfq x'g\, vfgsf] nflu ds}, sf]bf], kmfk/, hf} cflbn] Toxf‘sf dflg;nfO{ 5 dlxgf klg vfg k'Ub}g . t}klg pgLx? b'Mvlhnf] u/]/ af‘r]sf 5g\ . ef/L af]s]/, kz'kfn]/ jf ko{6snfO{ 3'dfP/ xf]6n Joj;fo u/]/ lbg lat]sf] 5 . To;}n] t/fO{sf dflg;n] kxf8 / lxdfndf a:g]nfO{ klg efOrf/fsf] Jojxf/ ug'{k¥of] / lxdfnL / kxf8Ln] klg t/fO{af;LnfO{ cfk"mn] ;Sg] hlt ;xof]u ug'{k¥of] . kxf8 / lxdfnsf dflg;x? ;fn;fn} t/fO{lt/ a;fO ;g]{ qmd tLa x'‘b} uPsf] 5 eg] t/fO{sf dflg;x? kxf8df a;fO;/fO u/]sf] kfO‘b}g . olb t/fO{af;L / kxf8af;Ldf åGå rls{b} uof] eg] o;n] b'a}y/LnfO{ xfgLafx]s c? s]xL klg ub}{g . To;}n] xfdLx? lxdfndf a:g] eP klg kxf8df a:g] eP klg, rfx] t/fO{ / dw]zdf hxf‘ a:g] eP klg cflv/df xfdL g]kfnL g} xf}+ . xfdf] b]z g]kfn xf] . oxL efjgfn] k]defj /fVb} uof}+ eg] xfdf] ljsf; klg x'G5 . Ps cfk;df l/;/fu / ljjfb rsf{p‘b} uof}+ eg] o;n] b]znfO{ åGåsf] lbzfdf n}hfG5 . b]z ;d]t 6'qmf–6'qmfdf ljeflht x'g] ;Defjgf w]/} x'G5 . To;}n] t/fO{ / kxf8sf] aLrdf åGå x}g, cfk;L ;b\efj /fvf}+ / efOefO ldn]/ a;f}+ . b]z, e] if, efiff arfp, ;fj{ ef}d , b] zeQm gful/s eP/ af‘Rg ;sf}+ . oxL xf] cfd g]kfnLsf] rfxgf .

c+u]hL k9fO g]kfnL af]nfO :s"ndf c+u]hL efiff lzIf0fsf nflu ljifout 1fg / ;Lk ePsf] lzIfs x'g'kb{5 . jt{dfg ;dodf c+u|]hLsf] dxTj a9] s f] 5 . o:tf] ljifo k9\ g ] OR5f ljBfyL{x?df 5 . of] ;dosf] dfu klg xf] . x/]s afa'cfdfn] cfkm\gf 5f]/f5f]/LnfO{ c+u|]hL efiff k9fpg rfxG5g\ . To:tf] :s"nsf] vf]hL klg u5{g \ . ;fd'bflos :s"neGbf af]l8{ª :s"n c+u]hL efiffsf] k9fOsf nflu pQd x'G5 . o:tf] ;f]rfO /fVg' unt ;fljt ul/lbPsf 5g\– af]l8{ª :s"nx?n] . x'g t sltko ;fd'bflos :s"nx?n] klg c+u]hL k7gkf7gsf] dfWod agfPsf 5g\ . To:tf :s"nx?n] c+u|]hL efiff lzIf0f ug]{ bIf / ;Lko'Qm lzIfs kfpg ;s] s f 5} g g\ . :s" n sf] k7gkf7g ;DaGwdf cleefjsx?sf] ljZj;gLotf x'g ;s]sf] 5}g . ;fd'bflos :s"nx?df tflndkfKt lzIfsx? w]/} 5g\ . pgLx?sf] k9fO /fd|f] eP klg gful/ssf] ljZjf; kfpg ;s]sf 5}gg\ . o:tf] b]lvg' c+u|]hL efiff k9fpg] lzIfsn] cfkm\ g f] k7gkf7gsf] kefj ljBfyL{x?df kfg{ g;Sg' xf] . o:tf :s"nx? ljBfyL{x?sf nflu pkof]uL aGg ;s]sf 5}gg\ . 1fg / ;Lk ePsf lzIfs w]/} af]l8{ª :s"ndf 5}gg\ . ePsf lzIfsn] klg k9fpg ?rfp‘b}gg\ . pgsf] k9fOk|lt ?lr g/xg'sf] d'Vo sf/0f tflnd gkfpg' xf] eg] tflnd kfPsf jf To; ljifosf lzIfs eP klg a9L d]xgt u/]/ k9fpg ?rL ub}{gg\ . hlt a9L d]x gt u/] klg :s"naf6 ;'ljwf, k|f]T;fxg / k|]/0ff kfPsf x'‘b}gg\ . c+u]hL efiff k9fpg] lzIfsn] efiffsf] Letters and sounds hfGg' k 5{ . sltkon] Letters hfG5g\ t/ Sounds

hfGb}gg\ . To;df pgLx?nfO{ 1fg / ;Lk x'‘b}g . 5lAa; cIf/ ePsf letters df @!

Consonants / kf‘r vowels x'G5 eGg] 1fg 5 . To:t} af6 k9\b} cfPsf c+u| ]hL lzIfsx? ag]sf 5g\ . pgLx?nfO{ Sounds sf] 1fg / ;Lk 5}g . To;sf nflu Linguist k9\g'k5{ . h;df Phonology sf] /fd|f] cWoog x'g'k5{ . Phonetic df phoneme phonetic transcript sf] 1fg ug'{k5{ . phonetic transcripts cWoog ubf{ monohthongs / diphthongs sf] 1fg ug'{k5{ . h;df consonants–@$ / vowels–!@ x'G 5g\ . vowels–!@ dWo] long–$ / short–* k|sf/sf x'G5g\ . diphthongs–* transcripts sf] 1fg geP;Dd c+u]hL efiffsf] z'4 pRrf/0f Oxford advanced learners' dictionary sf] cfwf/df n]lvPsf zAbsf] pRrf/0fsf nflu phonetic transcripts of sounds nfO{ a'em\g ;s]sf x'‘b}gg\ . zAbsf] pRrf/0f z}nL klg hfGg ;Sb}gg\ . cGtdf c+u|]hL efiff k9fpg] lzIfssf] k9fO cw'/f] x'G5 . To:tf ljBfyL{x?n] c+u|]hL k9fO g]kfnL af]nfO u5{g\ . g]kfnsf x/]s :s"nx?df c1fgtfsf] k|a[lQ al9/x]sf] 5 . :s"nx?n] cf–cfkm\gf] :s"nsf] k7gkf7gdf cw'/f] lzIf0f kljlw rnfO/x]sf 5g\ . k9fOdf cw'/f] lzIf0f k|ljlw ePkl5 ljifosf] 1fg / ;Lk ljsf; ug{ ljBfyL{x? k5fl8 k5{g\ / c+u]hL k9fO km]zgdf dfq ;Lldt x' G 5 . ljBfnosf] ef} l ts ;+/rgfn] dfq k7gkf7gsf] :t/a[l4 x‘'b}g .

To;sf nflu ljifout 1fg / ;Lk ePsf] lzIfs rflxG5 . :t/Lo k7gkf7gn] dfq u'0fjfg ljBfyL{x? pTkfbg x'G5g\ / /fi6«sf] bIf hgzlQm a9\5 . t/ sdhf]/ ljifout lzIfs ePdf ljBfyL{x? sdhf]/ aG5g\ .

pgLx?n] dfgl;s ljsf; ug{ ;Sb}g g\ . pgLx?n] c+u]hL efiffsf] efiffut 1fg / ;Lksf] ljsf; ug{ ;s]sf x‘'b}gg\ . sdhf]/ k9fOsf sf/0f cfkm"nfO{ lxgtfaf]w u/]sf x'G5g\ . x'g t :s"nx?n] z}lIfs of]Uotfsf] dfkb08sf cfwf/df lzIfs 5gf]6 ug]{ u/]sf] kfOG5 .

To:tf lzIfsx?sf] ljifout 1fg / ;Lksf ;DaGwdf Wofg lbg] u/]sf] kfOGg . To;sf/0f c+u ]hL k9fpg] bIf lzIFssf] cefj w]/} :s"nx?df 5 . sltko lzIfsx?df 1fg / ;Lk x'‘bfx'‘b} klg k9fpg] kljlwsf] 1fg gePsfn] /fd/L k9fpg ;Sb}gg\ / ljBfyL{x?sf] k9fOtkm{ Wofg lbb}gg\ . lzIfssf nflu ljifo lzIf0f ug]{ ;Lk ljsf; ug{ tflndsf] w]/} dxTj 5 . o:tf tflndn] ljifo lzIf0fsf] dxTj a9fp‘5 . lzIfsn] c+u]hL efiff lzIf0f tflnd kfPsf 5g\ eg] pgdf k9fpg] snfsf] ljsf; x'G5 . k9fp‘bf ljifosf] 1fg / lzIf0f ;Lksf] ljsf; ub}{ uPdf cg'ejLo 1fg a9fpg ;S5g\ . o:tf] cEof; / kof]u ug]{ lzIfsn] c+u]hL efiffsf intonation, stress, rhytham, pitch, jucture h:tf ptf/ / r9fjsf] WjgLsf] em6\sf ;DaGwdf /fdf] 1fg u5{g\ / c+u|]hL efiffsf] z'4 pRrf/0f ug{ ;kmn x'G5g\ . af]l8{ª :s"nn] c+u]hL dfWodsf] :s"n eGb} w]/} k};f p7fpg] u/]sf] kfOG5 . pgLx?n] g;{/Lb]lv !) sIff;Dd k9fp‘bf ljBfyL{x?n] !# jif{ nufp‘5g\ . olt nfdf] calw nufP/ k9]sf ljBfyL{x?n] z'4 pRrf/0f u/]/ c+u]hL efiff af]Ng ;s]gg\ eg] pgLx?sf] !# jif]{ c+u| ]hL efiffsf] k9fO Joy{ x' G5 . o:tf] cj:yfdf ljBfyL{x?n] lxgtfaf]w u5{g\ eg] afa'cfdfn] kZrftfk . Psftkm{ 5f]/f5f]/Lsf] eljio cGwsf/ aG5 eg] csf]{tkm{ wgsf] ajf{b x'G5 . o:tf af]l8{ª :s"nx?k|lt xf]lzof/

x'g 'k5{ . x'g t sltko :s"nx?df k9\g ] ljBfyL{x?n] c+u]hL efiffsf] efiffut ljsf; u/fpg g;s]/ grammar translation method g} k|of]u u/]sf] kfOG5 . direct /drill method c+u]hL efiff lzIf0fsf nflu w]/} dxTjk"0f{ 5 . o;tkm{ Wofg s]lGb|t gu/]sf w]/} lzIfsx? kfOG5g\ . sltko lzIfsn] o:tf methods sf] tflnd kfPsf x'‘b}gg\, cg'ejLo 1fgsf] cefjdf lzIf0fsnf kefjsf/L aGg ;s]sf] x'Gg . ljBfyL{x?sf] 1fg / ;Lksf] ljsf;sf nflu k9fO xf] eGg] 1fg lzIfsn] ug'{k5{ . af]l8{ª :s"nsf] !# jif]{ k9fO klg pknlAw dfkgdf sdhf]/ ag]sfn] P;Pn;L k/LIffdf l8l:6ª;gdf pQL0f{ eP klg c+u]hL efiffsf] efiffut 1fg / ;Lkdf sdhf]/ b]lvG5g\ . o:tf] cj:yf b]lvg' g;{/Lb]lvsf] c+u]hL efiff k7gkf7gdf sdL x‘'b} cfPsfn] xf] ] . h;sf] ;d:of pRr lzIff k9\ b f ljBfyL{x?n] ef]Ub} cfPsf 5g\ .

Psk6s Pshgf c+u]hL ljifo k9fpg] lzIfs;‘u e]6 x'‘bf pxf‘n] sounds sf] ;DaGwdf hfGg rfxg' ePsf] lyof] . pxf‘nfO{ linguistic sf] k':ts k9\g ;Nnfx lbPsf] lyP‘ . pxf‘n] pQm k':ts k9]kl5 cfkm"nfO{ sounds sf] 1fg ePsf] atfpg' ePsf] lyof] . t/ pQm k':tsdf letters sf] cfwf/df w / y nfO{ semi–vowels eG5g\ . s;/L elgof] a'em\g ;s]g / pQm k':ts k9\bf klg kfOg eGg'eof] . To; k':tssf] cfwf/df phonetic transcripts k9\g 'k 5{ . w sf] sound n] o lbG5 eg] y n] i sf] sound lbG5 . To;} n ] semi vowels eg] s f] hfGg'k5{ . To:t} letters sf vowels kf‘r k|sf/sf x'G5g\ . h;df a e i o u x'g\ . To; sf/0f alphabetic vowels sf] cufl8 cfpg] r pRrf/0f ubf{ silent x'G5 . h:t}

father sf] pRrf/0f kmfb/ geg]/ kmfb eGg'k5{ . o; zAbdf e cuf8L r cIf/sf] sound nfO{ silent ug'{k5{ . w]/}h;f] c+u]hL lzIfsn] c+u]hL efiffsf] WjlgnfO{ Vofn ug{ g;s]/ cz'4 pRrf/0f z}nLsf] k9fO u/]sf x'G5g\ . h:t}thigh zAbsf] pRrf/0f yLu eg] sf] / k9fPsf] x' ‘b f ljBfyL{x?n] To:t} pRrf/0f u5{g\ . jf:tjdf To:tf] pRrf/0f unt xf] . To;sf] pRrf/0f phonetic transcripts sf cfwf/df yfO{ x'G5 . vf;u/L zAbsf] 1fg oxford advanced learners dictionary sf] cfwf/df thigh sf] phonetic transcripts sf] pRrf/0f yfO{ n]v]sf] x'G5 . t/ sltko lzIfsx?n] phonetic transcripts a'em\g ;s]sf x‘'b}gg\ . To;}n] ubf{ unt pRrf/0f ug]{ u/]sf] kfOG5 . To;sf/0f ;fd'bflos :s"n xf]; jf af]l8{ª :s"n sIffut c+u]hL k9fpg]n] x/]s zAbsf] pRrf/0f z}nL pQm l8S;g/L cWoog u/]/ k9fpg'k5{ . cGoyf cfkm\gf] k9fO ;fy{s aGg ;Sb}g . lzIfsn] ljifout 1fg /fdf];‘u a'emfP/ lbg ;s]g eg] ljBfyL{x?df unt k9fOsf] jftfj/0f aG5 . To;sf/0f lzIfsn] c+u|]hL efiffsf] literary, methodology / communicative English language sf] /fdf] 1fg x'g 'k 5{ . To;;‘u ;DalGwt ;Gbe{ k':tsx? k9\g'k5{ . cfkm\gf] z}lIfs of]Uotfsf] 3d08 ug'{eGbf cfkm\gf] ljifodf 1fg / ;Lk a9fpg' k5{ . k]zf Pp6f dfWod xf] t/ c+u|]hL efiff lzIf0f Pp6f snf xf] . snfnfO{ ;'Gb/ agfpg To;sf ;Lkx?df Wofg lbg'k5{ / To:tf ;Lkx?sf] ljsf; ug'{k 5{ . o;/L cWoogzLn aGg] lzIfsnfO{ kf‘r jif{;Dd cEof; / kof]u ug{ ;do nfUnf t/ pgdf a9\g] 1fg / ;Lksf] ljsf;n] ubf{ k9\g ]

 o'j/fh zdf{ ljBfyL{x?sf] eljio ;k|g] x'G5 . o;}df lzIfssf] lzIf0f snfsfl/tfsf] kefjsf/L k|efj ljBfyL{x?df kb}{ hfG5 . ta dfq c+u]hL k9fO g]kfnL af]nfO geP/ c+u]hL k9fO ;kmn x'G5 . lzIf0f ;+:yfdf lzIf0f ug]{ lzIfssf] k9fOsf] dxTjk"0f{ :yfg 5 . k9fOaf6 ljBfyL{x? hLjgf]kof]uL aG5g\ . jt{dfg ;dodf a9\bf] c+u]hL efiffsf] efiffut 1fg / ;Lk a9fpg ;Sg] cj;/ kfp‘5g\ . olb :s"nn] c+u]hL efiffsf] kefjsf/L lzIf0f ug]{ lzIfssf] Joj:yf ldnfpg ;s]sf] 5}g eg] To:tf] :s"nsf] dxTj x'‘b}g . zAbsf] Vofn u/]/ c+u]hL efiffsf] zAbf]Rrf/0f ug'{k5{ . cz'4tfn] unt cy{ lbG5 . unt pRrf/0f ug]{sf] JolQmTj ;'Gb/ aGb}g . t;y{ c+u ]hL efiffsf] efiffut zAbsf :j?knfO{ Vofn ug'{k5{ / pRrf/0fdf Wofg lbg'k5{ . z'4 zAbf]R rf/0f u/]/ c+u|]hL af]Ng'k5{ . efiff ;Eotfsf] kl/ro xf] . x/]s dflg;n] af]Ng] efiffn] cfk;df efiffut ;DaGw a9fp‘5 . ljZjdf c+u|]hL efiff cGt/f{li6«o:t/sf] ePsf] 5 . cfjfudg, cf}iflw pkrf/, /xg;xgdf c+u]hL efiffn] lgjfx{ u/]sf] e"ldsf w]/} 5 . efiffsf] zAbf]Rrf/0f z'4 x'g' cfhsf] cfjZostf xf] . To;sf/0f lzIfsn] c+u|]hL efiff lzIf0f ubf{ ;dodf zAbx?sf] z'4 pRrf/0ftkm{ Wofg lbg'k5{ .

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(Nov. 10, 2014)

www.nayayougbodh.com

Aoj:yfkg / /f]u lgoGq0f pkfo l;Sb} ls;fgx? o'uaf]w ;dfrf/bftf b] pv'/ L, @# sflt{s . r} nfxL–@ ndxLsf kbLk zdf{n] af] On/ s'v'/ f kfNg yfn] sf] Ps jif{ hlt eof] . nfvf} +sf] nufgLdf s'v'/ f kfn] klg s'v'/ fdf b] lvg] ;fdfGo /f] usf af/] df hfgsf/L gx'“bf x} / fgL x'g] u/] sf] b'Mv] ;f] pxf“sf] 5 . …slt /f] usf] klxrfg ;d] t x'g ;Sb} g . s'v'/ f ljz] if1 e] 6fpg klg ufxf] 5 . dnåf/df sL/f k/] / s'v'/ f d5{g\, kx] +nf] lb;f u5{, pkrf/ ubf{ klg lgsf] x'“b} gÚ– zdf{ s[lif kmfd{sf ;~rfns;d] t /xg'ePsf kbLkn] eGg'eof] – …oL ;d:of ;dfwfg ug{ klg ;fdfGo pkrf/ ljlw yfxf gkfp“bf lgs} x} / fgL v] Kg'k/] sf] 5 .Ú cfOtjf/ ndxLdf b] pv'/ Le/sf s'v'/ fkfns ls;fgx? Ps} 7fp“df e] nf eP . pgLx?n] s'v'/ fkfngdf b] lvPsf ;d:ofaf/] df v'n] / 5nkmn u/] . …;fdfGo nfk/jfxLn] klg vf] / df /f] usf] ;+qmd0f km} lng] / x] 5 . ca xfdLn] vf] / sf] ;'wf/, xfdf] Aojxf/df ;d] t ;'wf/

Nofpg'kg{] cfjZostf 5Ú– s'v'/ fkfns ls;fg Clif ;'j] bLn] eGg'eof] – …;fdfGo s'/ fdf klg ;fjwfgL gkgfp“bf nfvf} + ?k} of“sf] 3f6f Aoxf] g{' kl//x] sf] lyof] . s] xL eP klg kfljlws / Aofj;flos 1fg eof] .Ú af] On/ kfns ls;fgx?n] Joj:yfkg tyf /f] u lgoGq0f ljlwsf af/] df 5nkmn u/] sf x'g\ . ls;fgx?n] /f] uL / lg/f] uL s'/ fx?sf] km/s 5'6\ofpg g;Sbf klg /f] usf] ;+qmd0f km} ng ;Sg] s'v'/ f ljz] if1 8f= cgGt bfxfnn] atfpg'eof] . …xfjf, s'v'/ f kfns ls;fgsf] nfk/jfxL, s'v'/ fnfO{ Gofgf] agfpg g;Sbf klg /f] un] l5§} cfqmd0f ug{;S5Ú– 8f= bfxfnn] eGg'eof] – …vf] / sf] klg lgoldt ;/;kmfO gx'“bf, hf] kfof] ToxL AolQmnfO{ vf] / df k;fNbf ;d:of x'G5 .Ú lzv/ kf] N6«L ljlN8«u kfln lrtjgsf] cfof] hgf / b] pv'/ L s'v'/ fkfns s[ifs ;d"xsf] Aoj:yfkgdf *) a9L cu'jf ls;fgx?nfO{ s'v'/ f kfng Aoj;fosf] Aoj:yfkg / /f] u

lgoGq0fsf pkfox?sf af/] df cGtlqm{of cfof] hgf ul/Psf] xf] . …b] pv'/ Lel/ ;fgf tyf 7"nf u/L kf“r ;ohlt s'v'/ fkfns ls;fgx? x'g'x'G5, pxf“x?nfO{ s'v'/ f kfngsf jf/] df ;fdfGo eP klg 1fg cfh{g xf] ;\ eg] / o:tf] sfo{qmdsf] cfof] hgf ul/Psf] xf] Ú– b] pv'/ L s'v'/ fkfns s[ifs ;d"xsf ;Nnfxsf/ Pj+ dgsfdgf kf] N6«L P08 lkm8 pBf] usf ;~rfns cho Gof} kfg] n] eGg'eof] – … ls;fgx?nfO{ Aofj;flos?kdf bIf agfpg x/] s jif{ o:tf] tflnd cfof] hgf ul//xG5f} + .Ú ls;fgx?n] ;fdfGo pkrf/ ljlw klg ghfgLsg s'v'/ fkfng Aoj;fo u/] sf 5g\ . …ls;fgx?nfO{ /f] u lgoGq0fsf af/] df hfgsf/L u/fpg 3f] / fxL / t'n;Lk'/ df o;cl3 tflnd rnfO;s] sf 5f} +Ú– cfof] hs sDkgLsf cWoIf 1fgaxfb'/ la;'/ fnn] eGg'eof] – … ls;fgx? bIf eP eg] dfq u'0f:t/Lo s'v'/ f tof/ x'G5g\ .Ú tflnddf 8f= /] jGts'df/ e§/fO{ / 8f= cgGt bfxfnn] Aoj:yfkg / /f] u lgoGq0fsf pkfoaf/] klzIf0f lbg'ePsf] lyof] .

rf/ dlxgfdf ;f9] Ps xhf/ ;jf/L ;fwg sf/jfxLdf q ktLs OR5's zdf{

;Nofg, @# sflt{s . lhNnf 6«flkms sfof{no ;Nofgn] 6«flkms lgod pNn+3g u/L ;jf/L ;fwg rnfpg] dfly ul/Psf] sf/jfxLaf6 rf/ dlxgfdf # nfv a9L /fh:j ;+sng u/] sf] 5 . 6«flkms kx/Ln] rfn' cfly{s jif{sf] ;fpgb] lv zlgjf/ ;Dd ljleGg ! xhf/ & ;o $% ;jf/L ;fwgdfly u/] sf] sf/jfxLaf6 # nfv @# xhf/ # ;o %) ?k} of“ /fh:j ;+sng u/] sf] xf] .

6«flkms kx/Ln] lgodljk/Lt ;~rfng u/] sf 6«s, a;, hLk sf/, df] 6/;fOsn, 6\ofS6/nfO{ sf/jfxL u/] sf] hgfPsf] 5 . sf/jfxLdf kg] {df ;fpgdf $ ;o &&, ebf} df # ;o ((, cflZjgdf ^ ;o %# / sflt{s @# ut]

;Dd @ ;o !^ /x] sf 5g\ . lhNnfdf cf=j=@)^*÷)^( df ! xhf/ ! ;o ^$, )^(÷)&) df @ xhf/ # ;o ^) / )&)÷)&! Df $ xhf/ ^ ;o *) ;jf/L ;fwg sf/jfxLdf k/] sf lyP . sf/jfxL k/] sf ;jf/L ;fwgaf6 qmdz ! nfv #) xhf/ * ;o, # nfv $* xhf/ & ;o %), / * nfv $@ xhf/ * ;o u/L s'n !# nfv @@ xhf/ # ;o %) ?k} of“ /fh:j ;+sng ePsf] lyof] . lhNnfsf ljleGg If] qdf 6«flkms kx/Lsf] pkl:yltn] klg /fh:j ;+sngsf] bfo/f a9] sf] kx/Lsf] egfO 5 . o:t} lhNnfdf ;jf/L b'3{6gf klg klxn] eGbf a9\b} uPsf] 5 . )^*÷)^( df b'3{6gfaf6 ;fthgfsf] d[To' ePsf] lyof] eg] !# hgf 3fOt] ePsf lyP .

)^(÷)&) df gf} hgfsf] d'To' %# hgf 3fOt] ePsf lyP . o:t} )&)÷)&!

Df !^ hgfsf] d'To' / $( hgf 3fOt] ePsf lyP . )&!÷)&@ sf] rf/ dlxgfdf @ sf] d[To' / !& hgf 3fOt] ePsf 5g\ . lhNnfdf cl3Ngf] jif{ eGbf of] jif{ w] / } lgod pNn+3gsf] sf/jfxLdf kg] {sf] ;+Vof a9] sf] 6«flkms kx/Lsf] egfO 5 . rfnsx?n] oftfoftsf ;fwgx? rnfp“bf kfngfsf ug'{kg] { 6«flkms lgodx? Kffngf gubf{ sf/jfxL ug'{k/] sf] 6«flkms kx/L sfof{no ;Nofgsf kd'v kx/L gfoj lg/LIfs /fdk;fb kf] v] nn] atfpg'eof] . pxf“n] eGg'eof] – …cfwf/e"t 1fgsf] cefjdf ;jf/L ;fwg rnfp“bf sf/jfxLdf k/] sf] kfOG5 . sf] xL eg] c6] / L u5{g\ .Ú

kzf;gsf] ;"rgf kf6L cnkq gkf / x]NknfOgaLr ;Demf}tf q kzfGt jnL

3f] / fxL, @# sflt{s . lhNnfsf] ;a} eGbf 7"nf] dflgPsf] ;/sf/L sfof{no lhNnf kzf;g sfof{no bfªsf] ;"rgf kf6L s}of} + dlxgfb] lv cnkq cj:yfdf 5 . sfof{nosf dxTjk"0f{ ;"rgfx? ;fj{hlgs ug] { egL sfof{nosf] d"n u] 6sf] 5] pdf /flvPsf] ;"rgf kf6L kof] ulaxLg ePsf] xf] . pQm ;"rgf kf6Ldf hfnf] nfu] sf] 5 eg] s] xL ;"rgfsf kqx? kf6Lsf] e'O“df v;] sf 5g\ . ;"rgf kf6Ldf rf/ jif{ eGbf cl3sf ;"rgfx? cem} 6f“l;Psf 5g\ . oBlk s} of} ;"rgfx? sfof{non] ;do– ;dodf cBfjlws ug'{kg] { ;d] t

x'G5 . o;n] ubf{ ;] jfufxLx? ;d] t dsf{df k/] sf 5g\ . pQm ;"rgf kf6L cnkq ePkl5 laleGg ;/sf/L sfof{no ;+3 ;+: yfaf6 kfKt af9L kLl8t /fxtsf] if ;DaGwL ljj/0f ePsf] ;"rgf glhs} sf] afx\o leQfdf 6f+luPsf] 5 . o:t} ph'/ L k] l6sf klg kof] ulaxLg cj:yfdf 5 . sfof{nosf kzf;sLo clws[t u0f] zk;fb cfrfo{n] cfkm"x? ;'wf/tkm{ s] lGbt ePsf] atfpg'eof] . o;} aLr kzf;gn] cfkm"x?n] u/] sf ultljlw lgoldt?kdf ;fj{hlgs gu/] sf] kfOPsf] 5. jflif{s?kdf sfof{nosf ultljlw tLgk6s ;fj{hlgs ug'{kg] { kfjwfg 5 .

af“s] , @# sflt{s -o';_– g] kfnu~h gu/kflnsf / l;lag g] kfnåf/f ;~rflnt afn x] NknfOg g] kfnu~h af“s] aLr ;g\ @)!$ g] fe] Da/b] lv ;g @)!% l8;] Da/ ;Ddsf nflu lgs[i6 ksf/sf] afn>d /] fsyfd tyf Go"gLs/0f sfo{qmdsf] ;Demf} tf ePsf] 5. g ] k f n u ~ h gu/kflnsfsf sfo{sf/L clws[t nf] saxfb'/ ;'gf/ / l;lag g] kfnåf/f ;~rflnt afn x] NknfOg g] kfnu~h af“s] sf kd'v l;4/fh kg] ?n] ;Demf} tfkqdf

@)&!.)&.@$, ;f]djf/ dfu{ s[i0fkIf, rt'yL{ ltly, d[ulz/f gIfq cfh bfªsf] ;"of]{bo ^M##M)$, ;"of{:t %M@#M)$ d]if -r",r],rf],nf,nL,n",n],nf],c_ M wg ;DklQsf] nfe / ;'vsf] cg'e"lt x'g] b]lvG5 . ;fdfGo ;d:of klg /xg ;S5g\ .

x:tfIf/ ug'{ePsf] 5 . lgs[i6 ksf/s] f afn>d /] fsyfd tyf Go"gLs/0f sfo{qmdcGtu{t ,g] kfnu~h gu/kflnsfdf afn>d l:yltsf] cWofjlw sfo{, gu/ afn clwsf/ ;+/ If0f tyf ;Daw{g pk;ldlt sf] u7g k'gu{7g lgoldt a} 7s, jflif{s sfo{qmd lgdf{0f, gu/ afn>d cg'udg pk;ldltsf] u7g, ;r] tgf cleofg ;~rfng, afn>d cg'udg cfktsfnLg /fxt p4f/ tyf sfg'gL ;xof] usf] kxnnufotsf ultljlwx? ;~rfn x'g] hgfOPsf] 5 .

g]kfn Hof]ltif kl/ifb\ lhNnf zfvf, bfª Hof]= e'jg]Zj/ a~hf8] df]afOn M (*$&*$!@%!

t'nf -/f,/L,?,/],/f],tf,tL,t",t]_ M ;/sf/L sfdsfh tyf GofoIf]qdf l9nf;':tL / wfld{s If]qdf klts"ntf /xg ;S5 .

j[if -O{,pm,P,cf],jf,lj,j",j],jf]_ M tkfO{sf] cfh wg vr{ x'g] / bJo nfe klg x'g] b]lvG5 .

j[lZrs -tf],gf,gL,g",g],gf],of,oL,o"_ M 3fprf]6 nfUg ;Sg] jf :jf:Yodf afwf kg{ ;S5 . Sn]z kg{ klg ;S5 .

ldy'g -sf,sL,s",3,ª,5,s],sf],x_ M >L kflKt x'g] of] u 5 . :j:ys/ ef]hg kfKt x'g] / cGgflb kbfy{af6 nfe x'g ;Sg] b]lvG5 .

wg' -o],of],ef,eL,e",w,kmf,9f,e]_ M wg / ;'vsf] a[l4 x'g] tyf ljk/Lt lnª\uLaf6 kmfObf x'g] b]lvG5 .

ss{6 -xL,x",x],xf],8f,8L,8",8],8f]_ M :jf:Yodf c;xhtf cfpg ;S5 . vr{df ;fjwfg x'g'kg]{ b]lvG5 .

ds/ -ef],hf,hL,h",h],hf],vf,vL,v",v],vf],uf,uL_ M wg jf s'g} hfoh]yf kflKtsf nflu koTg ug'{xf]nf . z'e of]u 5 .

l;+x -df,dL,d",d],df],6f,6L,6",6]_ M ;a} If]qdf nfesf] of]u b]lvG5 . cj;/sf] kmfObf p7fpg koTg ug'{xf]nf .

s'De -u",u],uf],;,;L,;',;],;f],b_ M ug{ vf]h]sf] sfd eª\u x'g ;Sg] b]lvG5 . ;fjwfg /xg' xf]nf .

sGof -6f],k,kL,k",if,0f,7,k],kf]_ M ;do anjfg 5 . ;'vsf] a[l4 x'g] b]lvG5 .

dLg -bL,b",y,em,~f,b],bf],rf,rL_ M l;l4 kflKt x'g] / :jf:Yo ;'wf/ x'g]5 . s;};“u emu8f kg{ klg ;S5 .

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kc ljjfbn] ljBfyL{sf] eljio cGof}ndf q bz/y l3ld/]

b] pv'/ L, @# sflt{s . sfof{nodf lzIfsx? 5g\ . t/ sIffsf] 7f vfnL 5g\ . ljBfyL{x? rf} / df v] ln/x] sf 5g\ . laxfg !! ah] ;"o{ljgfos dfWolds ljBfno ;f] gk'/ –! gtL{df k'Ubf ljBfnodf b] lvPsf] b[Zo xf] of] . …;/ eP klg k9fpg cfpg'x'Gg, 3fd tfKg rf} / df cfPsf xf} +Ú– sIff ( df cWoog/t ;ljgf bnf{dLn] eGg'eof] – …sf] ;{ klg k"/ f x'g ;s] sf] 5} g, r}dfl;s k/LIff klg ePsf] 5} g .Ú ljBfnodf kc lgo'lQmsf] ljjfbn] clxn] ljBfyL{x?sf] k9fO kefljt ePsf] 5 . ltxf/kl5sf] Ps dlxgf nfdf] ljbf ;lsPkl5 ljBfno v''Nof] . ltxf/cl3 ljBfyL{x?n] ljBfnodf cfGbf] ng u/] / jftfj/0f ;'wf/ ug{ cfux u/] klg cj:yf p:t} 5 . sIff lzz'b] lv bz sIff;Dd s/Lj kf“r ;o ljBfyL{ cWoog/t 5g\ . ljBfyL{x? lgoldt ljBfnodf cfp‘5g\ . k9fO x'“b} g clg kmls{G5g\ . …xflh/;Dd x'G5 . To;kl5 d'l:snn] Ps b'O{ lk/] 8 k9fO x'G5Ú– sIff ( df cWoog/t ljBfyL{ gLd/fh uf} tdn] eGg'eof] – …xfdf] eljiodfly v] njf8 ul/b} 5 . cfhef] ln k9\g klg dg nfUb} g\ . ljBfnosf] jftfj/0f slxn] b] lv ;'lwPnf <Ú ljBfnodf clxn] b'O{j6f kwfgfWofks 5g\ . /fhgLltsf] kefj kToIf ljBfnodf b] lvbf o:tf] ;d:of cfPsf] xf] . ljBfno Aoj:yfkg ;ldlt / lzIfsx?df /fhgLlt xfjL ePkl5 k9fOeGbf /fhgLlts bfpk] r j9L x'g yfn] sf] 5 ;fd'bflos ljBfnodf . s[i0fs'df/ rf} w/L kflj txsf] :yfoL lzIfs ePsfn] kcsf] lhDd] hf/L rf} w/Ln] ;DxfNb} cfpg'ePsf] 5 . t/ kc rf} w/Ln] ljBfnodf ;do lbg g;s] sf] eGb} ljBfno Aoj:yfkg ;ldltn] /fxt lzIfs xl/nfn rf} w/LnfO{ kcsf] lhDd] jf/L lbPkl5

;'g;fg sIff M lzIfs sfof{nodf eP klg ljBfnodf ghf“bf ljBfyL{x?sf] eljio cGof}ndf 5 . ljjfb l;h{gf ePsf] xf] . lghL ;f] taf6 /flvPsf lzIfsnfO{ lgoldt kfl/>lds glbbf tL lzIfsn] dg nufP/ k9fpg ;s] sf 5} gg\ . s[i0fs'df/ rf} w/Ln] ljBfnodf ;do lbg g;Sbf ljBfnosf] z} lIfs jftfj/0f laluPsf] cleefjsx? atfp“5g\ t/ lgodfg';f/ kc km] / abn x'g'kg{] :yfgLo lzIffk] dL g'd/fh kf} 8] nn] atfpg'eof] . …cf–cfkm\g} x7sf sf/0f ljBfno / ljBfyL{sf] eljio cGwsf/df kg{ yfNof] Ú– pxf“n] eGg'eof] – …s;n] a'e\mg] ljBfyL{sf] eljio < ljBfnodf clxn] lhNnf lzIff sfof{non bfªn] lgdflj txdf ;/sf/L b/aGbL sf] 6fdf gf/fo0fk;fb zdf{nfO{ k7fPsf] 5 . lgodcg';f/ ca ljBfnosf] kcsf] lhDd] jf/L zdf{df hfg] b] lvPkl5 ljBfno Aoj:yfkg ;ldltsf cWoIf k'/ g rf} w/Ln] zdf{nfO{ ljBfnodof xflh/ x'g glbPsf] / xflh/ eP klg /ftf] nufpg] sfd u/] sf] kfOPsf] 5 .

…lzIff ;ldltn] dnfO{ b/aGbLcg';f/ ljBfnodf k7fof] t/ xflh/ x'g lbg] jftfj/0f ldn] g . kl5 xflh/ eP klg xflh/df /ftf] nufpg] sfd eof] Ú– zdf{n] eGg'eof] – …of] sxf“sf] lgod xf] < lgodfg';f/ d} n] ;a} sfd ul//x] sf] 5' . t/ ljBfno Aoj:yfkg ;ldltsf cWoIfn] xflh/df /ftf] nufp“b} x'g'x'G5 .Ú otf ljBfno Aoj:yfkg ;ldltsf cWoIf rf} w/Ln] eg] ljBfnosf] jftfj/0f ;'wf/ ug{ xl/nfn rf} w/LnfO{ kcsf] lhDd] jf/L lbPsf] atfpg'eof] . …lgoldt k9fO gx'g] ;d:of 5 . To;nfO{ ;'wf/ ug{ xl/nfn rf} w/LnfO{ lhDd] jf/L lbPsf xf} +Ú– pxf“n] eGg'eof] – …s[i0f rf} w/L kc x'“bf ljBfnodf ;do lbg g;s] sf] u'gf;f] ljBfyL{af6 cfPkl5 o:tf] lg0f{o u/] sf xf} + .Ú ljBfno Aoj:yfkg ;ldltn] lgod sfg"geGbf klg /fhgLlts?kdf kefljt x'“bf ljBfnosf] z} lIfs jftf/0f w'dlnPsf] :yfgLo afl;Gbfx? atfp“5g\ .

5fqfaf;d} s'6]/ n'l6of] o'uaf] w ;dfrf/bftf af“s] , @# sflt{s . g] kfnu~hsL dLgf sfsL{ 5fqfaf;af6} n'l6PsL 5g\ . g] kfnu~hsf] xf] nLNof08 :s"nsf] 5fqfaf;df sfd ug] { sfsL{nfO{ ckl/lrt o'jfn] cfqmd0f u/] / n'6] sf x'g\ . dLgfsf] ltnx/L n'l6Psf] 5. …;/nfO{ e] 6\g' 5Ú eg] / leq l5/] sf o'jfn] dLgfnfO{ s'6lk6 u/] kl5 ltnx/L lnP/ efu] sf lyP . …9'+ufn] 6fpsf] df xfGof] clg ltnx/L lnP/ efUof] Ú– dLgfn] eGg'eof] – …sfnf] ;6{, kfOG6 nufPsf] /

emf] nf le/] sf] o'jf lyof] .Ú 6fpsf] df uDeL/ rf] 6 nfu] sL dLgfsf] g] kfnu~hsf] e] / L c~rn c:ktfndf kf/lDes pkrf/kl5 l;6L :Sofgsf nflu gl;{ªxf] ddf nluPsf] 5 . g] kfnu~h–!@ sL dLgf 5fqfaf;df vfgf ksfpg] sfd ug'{x'GYof] .

36gf x'“bf 5fqfaf;df sf] xL lyPgg\ . sf] xL gePsf] a] nfdf ;/nfO{ e] 6\g' 5 eg] / …l;lnkÚ lnP/ tL o'jf hfg'n] 36gf of] hgfj4 b] lvG5 . kx/Ln] cleo'Qmsf] vf] hL yfn] sf] hgfPsf] 5 . j8f kx/L sfof{no g] kfnu~hsf O~rfh{ x] d zfxLn] kLl8tn]

/fxbfgL x/fPsf] ;"rgf † d] / f] lgDg Joxf] / fsf] /fxbfgL ldlt @)&! c;f]h !( ut] ;'G8a/Laf6 ndxLtkm{ hf“Fb} ubf{ x/fPsf] x'“Fbf km] nf kfg'{x'g] dxfg'efjn] glhssf] kx/L sfof{no jf lgDg 7] ufgfdf ;Dks{ ul/lbg'xf] nf . gfd M dfwj a:g]t /fxbfgL g+= M )%&((#&* 7] ufgf M ;f]gk'/ uf=lj=;=–*, bfª ;Dks{ g+= M (*%!))(*)^

lzjd\ cf/f] Uo s] Gb 8f= lk=Pg= emf=åf/f ;~rflnt lzjd\ cf/f] Uo s] Gbdf ca yk pTs[i6 ;] jf ;'ljwfsf ;fy kTo] s lbg lj/fdL r] shf“Fr eO/x] sf] hfgsf/L u/fOG5 .

8f= åf/f lbOg] ;] jfx? M k'?if M ln+u pQ] hgf gx'g] , s8fkg gx'g] , zlQmdf sdL, zL3 :vngsf] ;d:of, of} g ;Dks{af6 ;g] { ;+qmldt of} g /f] ux?sf] ;kmn pkrf/ . dlxnf M dlxgfjf/Ldf ;d:of, ;] tf] kfgL aUg] , of] gL lrnfpg] , tNnf] k] 6 b'Vg] , 9f8 b'Vg] , of} g OR5fdf sdL, of] gL ;'Vvf x'g] cflb .

5fnf M 8l08kmf] / , cg'xf/sf] rfof kf] tf] , ;] tf] b'jL, bfb, 3fp, vl6/f tyf 5fnfhGo ;Dk"0f{ /f] usf] ;kmn pkrf/ . lgM;Gtfgkg M dlxnf–k'?ifdf x'g] lgM;Gtfgkg ;d:ofsf] ;kmn pkrf/ . cGo /f] ux? M Uofli6«s, kfoN;, ;'u/, k] ;/, bd, jfy tyf g;f;DaGwL /f] u, dfgl;s /f] ux?, lbdfusf] af] wf] kg, g} / fZotf, clgbf, lrGtf, 8/, eo, qf;, xfO8«f] l;n, xlg{of, b'Anf] kg, df] 6f] kg, hl08; cflbsf] ;kmn pkrf/ . lj/fdL r] shf“r ug] { ;do M ;Dks{ kmf] g g+= M kmf] gaf6 klg gfd ljxfg & ah] b] lv ^ ah] ;Dd (*$$!!*)!(, (*)^@@%!&() btf{ ug{ ;lsG5 .

xfdf ;] jfx? M l ljz] if1 8fS6/åf/f kTo] s lbg lj/fdL r] shfFr

l pTs[i6 Kofyf] nf] hL Nofj l kmfd] {;L ;Dks{ M

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3f] / fxL, bfª -t'n;Lk'/ rf] sb] lv !)) ld= klZrd b] p/fnL bf] xf] / L ;fFemsf] bf] ;f] tNnfdf_

eg] sf] x'lnofsf cfwf/df cleo'Qmsf] vf] hL eO/x] sf] atfpg'eof] . g] kfnu~hdf o;cl3 ebf} @& ut] ;'lgtf cfn] sf] Ps tf] nfsf] l;qmL n'l6Psf] lyof] . l/S;fdf a;] / uGtAolt/ uO/x] sL ;'lgtfsf] k5fl8af6 cfPsf o'jfn] l;qmL y't] / efu] sf lyP . kx/Ln] Tof]

36gfsf cleo'QmnfO{ klg kqmfp ug{ ;s] g . g] kfnu~hdf u/uxgf y't] / efu] sf 36gf cfO/xG5g\ . gu/leq Jo:t 7fp“df o:tf 36gf x'“bf klg rf] / x? eg] kqmfp k/] sf] kfO“b} g . oBlk u/uxgf y't] / efUg] 36gfdf ljutsf] t'ngfdf kl5Nnf] ;dodf sdL cfPsf] 5 .

j}b]lzs /f]huf/Lsf nflu ;'j0f{ cj;/ xfdLsxfF dn]lzof d'n'ssf] ax'rlr{t T.S.S. ;]So'l/6L ;le{; sDkgLaf6 y'k} sfdbf/x?sf] ch]{G6 dfu eO{ cfPsf]n] hfg rfxg] hf] sf]xLn] t'?Gt} sfof{nodf !) klt kf;kf]6{ ;fOhsf] kmf]6f] / cf]lh{gn /fxbfgL;lxt ;Dks{ /fVg'xf]nf .

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;]S;f]nf]lhi6 8f= abLk;fb e§/fO{ 3f]/fxL, bfªdf /fKtL c~rnsf] Psdfq ;]S;f]nf]lhi6 8fS6;{ lSnlgsdf wgjGt/L cfo''j]{b xl:k6n P08 l/;r{ ;]G6/ kf=ln= sf7df7f}+sf / rlr{t 6]lnlehg sfo{qmd /ft k/]kl5sf of}g k/fdz{bftf jl/i7 ;]S;f]nf]lhi6 tyf ;]S;f];fOsf]lhi6 8f= abLk;fb e§/fO{åf/f oxL sflt{s @( / #) ut]sf lbg :jf:Yo kl/If0f ul/g] x'“bf of}gnufot dfgl;s ;d:of ePsf lj/fdLx?n] ;ddo} cfkm\gf] gfd btf{ u/fO{ ljz]if1 ;]jfsf] nfe lng'xf];\ / cfkm\gf] /f]usf] k"0f{ lgbfg ug'{xf]; . tkfO“x?n] kfpg] ;]jfx? M k'?ifdf b]lvg] M zL3 ktg, of}g ;Gt'li6 gx'g], of}g rfxgf gx'g], ln+u pQ]hgf gx'g], ln+u lrnfpg], :jKg bf]if, ;?jf of}g/f]usf ;fy} pd]/ cg';f/sf] of}g c+usf] ljsf; gx'g' . dlxnfdf b]lvg] M ;]tf] kfgL aUg], of]gL lrnfpg], dlxgfjf/L u8a8L, tNnf]k]6 b'Vg], of}g ;Gt'li6df sdL ePsf] dx;'; x'g], kf7]3/;DaGwL ;d:of, of}g c+usf] ljsf; gx'g' . dfgl;s M dfgl;s 8/, eo, lbdfusf] af]wf]kg, lg/fzf, lvGgtf, clgbf . lg;Gtfgkg M dlxnf tyf k'?ifdf x'g] af“emf]kg -lg;Gtfg_ sf] uf]klgotfsf ;fy ljz]if k/fdz{ tyf pkrf/ . kmf]gaf6 klg gfd lj/fdL hf“Rg] ldlt tyf ;do M btf{ ug{ ;lsG5 . oxL sflt{s @(, #) ut] ljxfg ( ah]b]lv % ah];Dd .

;fy} kTo]s lbg 8fS6/ kljg emfåf/f lj/fdL r]shf“r ul/G5 .

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(Nov. 10, 2014)

/fxbfgLsf nflu b}lgs @& hgf kzf;gdf

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g] kfnd} klxnf] k6s …v] Nb} l;Sg] s] GbÚ ;~rfng

k9\g gkfPsfnfO{ 7"nf] cj;/ s'df/ >] i7 af“s] , @# sflt{s . k9\g] /x/ lyof] . sfd gu/L vfg kfOGg . ;do ldn] t k9\y] + lg eGg] sf] xL x'g'x'G5 eg] ca tkfO“ lg/fz geP x'G5 . laxfgb] lv ;f“em;Dddf h'g;'s} a] nf tkfO“ ;do ldnfP/ k9\g ;Sg'x'G5 . g] kfnu~h gu/kflnsfdf klxnf] k6s …v] Nb} l;Sg] s] GbÚ ;~rfng x'g] ePkl5 ul/jL of cGo sf/0fn] k9\g gkfPsfnfO{ ;'gf} nf] cj;/ ldn] sf] xf] . !) b] lv !* jif{sfn] ca laxfg & b] lv ;f“em ^ ah] ;Dddf cfkm"nfO{ kfos kg] { ;dodf s] Gbdf uP/ k9\g ;S5g\ . g] kfnd} klxnf] k6s g] kfnu~h gu/kflnsfdf ;f] daf/b] lv v] Nb} l;Sg] s] Gb :yfkgf x'“b} 5 . j8f g+= % / !) df ;~rfng x'g] s] Gbaf6 pd] / df k9\g gkfPsfn] …kmfObfÚ lng] 5g\ . g] kfnu~hleq o;cl3 zx/L afn lzIff sfo{qmd ;~rfngdf lyof] . @% 7fp‘df ;~rfngdf /x] sf] sIffnfO{ ca

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;'/lIft s'v/' f tyf bfgf Joj;foL ;ldlt 3f]/fxL, bfª cfhsf] s'v/' f / df;'sf] d"No;"rL lhpFbf] vf]/ sfF6f klt s] =hL= ?= !*%.– lhpFbf] ahf/ sfF6f klt s] =hL= ?= !().– k] m; df;' klt s] =hL= ?= @&).– ;Dks{ df] =M (*$&*#^!*&

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!% j6fdf emfl/b} 5 . of] vf;} pknlAw x'g g;s] kl5 v] Nb} l;Sg] s] Gbsf] tof/L ePsf] xf] . v] Nb} l;Sg] s] Gbdf pd] / ;d"xsfx? cfkm"nfO{ kfos kbf{ hlta] nf klg cfP/ k9\g ;S5g\ . …lbgdf Ps jf b'O{ 306f hlta] nf klg cfP/ k9\g ;S5g\Ú– g] kfnu~h gu/kflnsfsf ;fd'bflos ljsf; clws[t s[i0f hf] zLn] eGg'eof] – …pgLx?nfO{ hLjgf] kof] uL 1fg lbOG5 .Ú ul/jL of cGo sf/0fn] :s"ndf guPsf, sfdn] km';{b gePsfnfO{ nlIft u/] / s] Gb ;~rfng x'“b} 5 . gu/leq xf] 6n, /] i6'/ ] G6, snsf/vfgf, Uof/] hx?df sfd ul//x] sfn] o;af6 kmfObf lng] cf“sng ul/Psf] 5 . s] Gbdf hLjgf] kof] uL 1fg lbg'sf ;fy} hflu/sf nflu tflnd / pd] / cg';f/ :s"nx?df k9\g ;Sg] agfOg] hf] zLn] atfpg'eof] . o:tf] sIff g] kfnu~h gu/kflnsf;“u} lrtjgsf e/tk'/ / /Tggu/ gu/kflnsfdf ;~rfng x'g] 5 . s] Gbdf xKtfsf] ^ lbg / jif{df @

;o %) lbg g} k9fO x'g] ;Da4x?n] atfPsf 5g\ . j} slNks lzIffsf] sfo{qmd ePsfn] s] Gb :yfoL?kdf ;~rfngdf /xg] hf] zLn] atfpg'eof] . s] Gbdf k7fOg] kf7\oqmd agfO;lsPsf] 5 .

Toxf“ k9fpg] x?nfO{ g] kfnu~hdf /fv] / gf} lbg] tflnd lbOPsf] 5 . g] kfnu~h gu/kflnsfleq pNn] lvt pd] / ;d"xsf slt hgf 5g\ eGg] tYof+s aflx/ cfPsf] 5} g . lhNnf lzIff sfof{no af“s] n] gu/leq $ ;o ^ hgf lg/If/ /x] sf] atfO/x“bf To;df slt hgf of] pd] / ;d"xdf k5{g\ eGg] osLg 5} g . v] Nb} l;Sg] s] Gbsf ;fy} gu/kflnsfdf 3'DtL l;sfO ynf] sf] klg tof/L k"/ f ePsf] 5 . rf] s–rf] sdf afnaflnsfnfO{ hDdf kf/L v] nL–v] ] nL pgLx?nfO{ k9fOg] 5 . To;sf nflu Aof6«Laf6 rNg] b'O{j6f l/S;f kof] u ul/g] 5 . rf] s, v] nd} bfg of xf] 6nx?df /x] sf afnaflnsfnfO{ l/S;fdf a;fP/ 3'dfpg] / v] Nb} hLjgf] kof] uL 1fg lbOg] g] kfnu~h gu/kflnsfn] hgfPsf] 5 .

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af“s] , @# sflt{s . af“s] df b} lgs sl/a @& hgf /fxbfgLsf nflu cfpg] u/] sf 5g\ . sflt{ssf] @) ut] ;Dddf lhNnf kzf;g sfof{no af“s] df % ;o $& hgf /fxbfgLsf nflu cfPsf 5g\ . tLdWo] $ ;o ^$ hgfn] oxL kmf/fd e/] sf 5g\ eg] @ ;o *# hgf l;kmfl/; lnP/ sf7df8f} + uPsf 5g\ . /fxbfgL agfpg] eL8nfO{ x] bf{ lhNnfaf6 7"nf] ;+Vofdf ljb] zlt/ nfUg] u/] sf] b] lvG5 . af“s] af6 slt ljb] z uPsf 5g\ eGg] tYof+s eg] 5} g . j} b] lzs /f] huf/sf nflu vf8L d'n's hfg] x? g} a9L /x] sf 5g\ . ljb] z hfg] dlxnfx?sf] ;+Vof klg a9L g} 5 . pgLx? kfoM ef/t x'“b} vf8Ld'n's hfg] ub{5g\ . k9] n] v] sfx? klg hflu/ gkfPsf sf/0f vf8L d'n'slt/ hfg] kj[lQ a9] sf] 5 . b] vfl;sLn] ubf{ dlxnfx? ljb] lzg] qmd a9] sf] 5 . vf8Ldf k'u] / b'Mv kfPsf] 36gf klg TolQs} aflx/ cfO/x] sf] 5 . tYof+scg';f/ dlxnfx? vf8L d'n's hfg] df af“s] dWoklZrddf cu:yfgd}

agfpgsf /fxbfgL nflu gful/stf clgjfo{ rflxg] ePsfn] gful/stf agfpg] sf] ;+Vof klg clws 5 . af“s] af6 b} lgs @( hgf a9Ln] gful/stf agfpg] u/] sf 5g\ . sflt{ssf] tLg xKtfdf % ;o *! hgfn] gful/stf agfPsf 5g\ .

To;df % ;o @# hgfn] gof“ / %* hgfn] kltlnkL lnPsf] kd'v lhNnf clwsf/L a] bksfz n] vsn] hfgsf/L lbg'eof] . ;a} sfd sDKo"6/ k0ffnLdf n} hf“b} u/] sf] kzf;gn] dfl;s ultljlw hfgsf/L u/fpg] cleofg yfn] sf] 5 . kzf;gn] k'/ fgf /] s8{ gi6 x'g sDKo'6/df yfn] kl5 btf{ yfn] sf] xf] . @)$$ ;fnb] lvotf gful/stf lnPsfsf] clen] v tof/ kfl/;s] sf] kzf;gn] hgfPsf] 5 . kzf;gn] g] kfnu~h / /fKtLkfl/sf] g/} gfk'/ af6 gful/stf lbg] u/] sf] 5 . g/} gfk'/ df sDKo'6/ gePsfn] lhNnfd} NofP/ nut /fVg] ul/Psf] 5 . lhNnfdf sflt{s @) ut] ;Dddf @$ j6f ;+3;+: yf gjLs/0f ePsf 5g\ . of] cjlwdf gof“ btf{ ePsf 5} gg\ .

kf“Frlbg] pb\3f] if0f tflnd o'uaf] w ;dfrf/bftf 3f] / fxL, @# sflt{s . lji0f' cf6{ ;] G6/ bfªsf] cfof] hgf / clDasf dflj xgf] {ssf ljBfyL{x?sf] ;lqmotfdf kf“rlbg] pb\3f] if0f tflnd ;DkGg ePsf] 5 . ljBfnosf @& hgf ljBfyL{x?sf] ;xeflutf /x] sf] tflndsf klzIfsdf kqsf/ lji0f' cf6{ x'g'x'GYof] . ljBfyL{x?nfO{ cf} krfl/s / cgf} krfl/s sfo{qmd ;~rfng ubf{ Wofg lbg'kg] { s'/ f, af] Nbf zAb rog, cg'zf;g, nugzLntfsf ljifodf klzIf0f lbOPsf] lyof] . o;} aLr ljBfnodf

xflb{s ;dj] bgf tyf >4f~hnL hGdg] d5{ Tof] kSs} dg]{ hGdG5 Tof] k'gM cfTdf db}{g Tof] s}n] ;To of] k5{ ;Demg, lyP cJoQm hf] k}n] JoQm oL aLrdf eP dbf{ aG5g\ tL cJoQm clgTo ;+;f/ of] a'em] .

cGt/;bgfTds nf] suLt kltof] lutf ;DkGg ePsf] 5 . kltof] lutfdf sIff !) sL ;'lgtf ljs kyd, sIff ( sL b] jsf g] kfnL / bLkf lh;L låtLo / sIff * sf ljho 3tL{ t[tLo x'g'ePsf] lyof] .

5fqf b] jsf g] kfnLsf] cWoIftf tyf kqsf/ lji0f' cf6{sf] kd'v cfltYotfdf ePsf] sfo{qmddf ljBfnosf kwfgfWofks gf/fo0fk;fb kf] v] n / ljBfyL{ ljsf; 3tL{n] kltof] lutf / tflnd pknlAwd"ns ePsf] atfpg'ePsf] lyof] . sfo{qmdsf] ;xhLs/0f lzIfs dw';"bg e§/fO{n] ug'{ePsf] lyof] .

o'uaf] w ;dfrf/bftf ?s'd, @# sflt{s . ?s'dsf] rf} vfjfª uflj;df tLglbg] of] hgf th'{df uf] i7L ;DkGg ePsf] 5 . rf} vfjfª uflj; ;lrj t] hljqmd zfxn] pb\3f6g ug'{ePsf] uf] i7Ldf rf} vfjfª uflj;sf gf} j6} j8fsf j8f gful/s d~rsf ;+of] hsx?, gful/s ;r] tgf s] Gbsf ;b:ox?, afn ;~hfnsf kbflwsf/ Lx?nufot s/Lj $) hgf ;xeflutf lyof] . tflnddf clwjQmf u0f] z xdfn / 1fg' s] ;Ln] ;xhLs/0f ug'{ePsf] lyof] . ;~rfng sfo{qmdsf] ;fdflhs kl/rfns v8s

s] ;Ln] ug'{ePsf] lyof] . tflnddf j8f:t/df tyf uflj;:t/df ul/g] of] hgfx?sf] 5gf] 6, of] hgfx?sf] r/0f, of] hgfx?sf] klxrfg, cfjZostf, kfyldstf qmd cflbaf/] hfgsf/L u/fOPsf] 5. pb\3f6g ;df/f] xdf PsLs[t g] skf dfcf] jfbLsf z] / s'df/ v8\sf / zzL/fd k'g, g] kfnL sf+u] ;sf nfnaxfb'/ a'9f, g] skf Pdfn] sf ?knfn v8\sf, ufp“ afn;~hfnsf nf] s] Gb s7fot, lhNnf ljsf; ;ldltsf] sfof{no ?s'dsf ;'bz{g zfxnufotsf] cfltYotf lyof] .

klZrd g]kfn a; Joj;foL ;+3df k'gM v/]n odnfn e';fn a'6jn, @# sflt{s . g] kfns} 7"nf] klZrd g] kfn a; Joj;foL ;+3df g] kfnL sf+u] ; / Pdfcf] jfbL ;dly{t Joj;foLaLrsf] u7aGwg Kofgn / Pdfn] ;dly{t Joj;foLsf] Kofgn agfO{ pDd] bjf/x? /fhgLlts?kdf ljefhg eO{ lgjf{rgdf plqP klg kl/0ffd eg] ldl>t cfPsf] 5 . cWoIfdf g] kfnL sf+u] ; / Pdfcf] jfbL ;dly{t Joj;foLsf tkm{af6 blw/fd v/] n k'gM lgjf{lrt x'g'ePsf] 5 . cWoIfdf v/] n ! xhf/ @ ;o $$ dt kfKt u/L lgjf{lrt x'g'ePsf] lgjf{rg ;ldltn] hfgsf/L u/fPsf] 5. pxf“sf klt:kwL{ u0f] zaxfb'/ e§/fO{nfO{ $ ;o $$ dt cGt/n] k5fl8 kfb} { cWoIfdf v/] n lgjf{lrt x'g'ePsf] xf] .

To:t} jl/i7 pkfWoIF, Ps pkfWoIf, dxf;lrj / sf] iffWoIfdf Pdfn] ;dly{t Joj;foLsf] Kofgnsf pDd] bjf/ ljhoL ePsf 5g\ eg] Ps pkfWoIf, ;lrj / b'O{ ;x;lrjdf g] kfnL sf+u] ; / Pdfcf] jfbL ;dly{t Joj;foLsf] Kofgnn] lht xft kf/] sf] 5 . ;++3sf] jl/i7 pkfWoIFdf gf/fo0fk;fb l3ld/] ! xhf/ &% dt kfKt u/L lgjf{lrt x'g'ePsf] 5 . pkfWoIfdf pk] Gbdfg >] i7 / uf] kfnaxfb'/ kf} 8] n, dxf;lrjdf hLjgs'df/ a~hf8] , ;lrjdf /fdrGb

e';fn lgjf{lrt x'g'ePsf] 5 . To:t} ;+3sf] ;x;lrjdf df] xg lkP;, ;'/ ] Gb >] i7 / sf] iffWoIFdf s'Zdfv/ /] UdL lgjf{lrt x'g'ePsf] 5 . pDd] bjf/x? /fhgLlts?kdf ljeflht eO{ lgjf{rgdf plqP klg kl/0ffd eg] ldl>t cfPsf] 5 . ;+3sf] ?6 ;b:ox?df s[i0fk;fb ;fksf] 6f -;fu/_, cf] daxfb'/ dNn -cg'k_ nLnfw/ v/fn, t] haxfb'/ s] ;L -h'gf_ rGbHof] lt a:ofn, s[i0f kf08] , lzjb] j Gof} kfg] , ljZj/fh cfrfo{, hLjg /] UdL, /fhlul//fh pbo, /fdaxfb'/ a:g]t, dgaxfb'/ kf}8]n, h'n]; yfkf ;f?, r]tgf/fo0f a]naf;] -uf]nL_, /d]z clwsf/L, ;"ok{ ;fb 9'u+ fgf, bLks a~hf8], z+s/ 1jfnL, ;fu/ l/hfn, ljho ltjf/L, /fdrGb v8\sf lgjf{lrt x'ge' Psf] 5 . To:t} ?6 ;b:odf zf]efv/ e08f/L o;cl3 g} lglj{/f]w lgjf{lrt x'ge' Psf] lyof] . dt ;+Vof dfq geO{ jflif{s ah]6 kl/rfng ug]{ lx;fan] ;d]t 7"nf] dflgPsf] ;+3sf] g]tT[ j cfkm\gf] ks8df lng /fhgLlts bnx?n] 7"n} s;/t u/]sf lyP . jflif{s @* s/f]8 ?k}of“sf] ah]6 kl/rfng x'g] o; ;+3dftxt /x]sf a;x? b]ze/ ;~rfng x'b“ } cfPsf 5g\ . gjlgjf{lrt cWoIf v/]nn] 7"nf] ;d:ofsf] ?kdf b]vfk/]sf] ;jf/L b'36{ gf Go"gLs/0fsf nflu cleofg ;~rfng ug'{ cfkm\gf] klxnf] sfo{ x'g] atfpg'ePsf] 5 .

xflb{s ;dj] bgf cfof] 6Kk l6Kof] nUof] ldlt k'Uof] 6f/] / 6b} {g Tof] .

OGb} ljGtL u?g\ em's] / kbdf Tof] ljGtL dfGb} g Tof] ..

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/fxbfgL x/fPsf] ;"rgf † d]/f] lgDg Joxf]/fsf] /fxbfgL ldlt @)&! c;f]h @) ut] dl;gfaf6 lnjfªtkm{ hfF“b} ubf{ x/fPsf] xF'“bf km] nf kfg'{x'g] dxfg'efjn] glhssf] kx/L sfof{no cyjf lgDg 7] ufgfdf a'emfOlbg'x'g cg'/f]w ub{5' . gfd M dgaxfb'/ k'g /fxbfgL g+= M @@*&(*& 7] ufgf M dl;gf–%, /f]Nkf ;Dks{ M (*$&(%^*)&

/fxbfgL x/fPsf] ;"rgf † d]/f] lgDg Joxf]/fsf] /fxbfgL ldlt @)&! c;f]h !$ ut] /fdk'/af6 3f]/fxLtkm{ hfF“b} ubf{ x/fPsf] xF'“bf km] nf kfg'{x'g] dxfg'efjn] glhssf] kx/L sfof{no cyjf lgDg 7] ufgfdf a'emfOlbg'x'g cg'/f]w ub{5' . gfd M v'daxfb'/ yfkf /fxbfgL g+= M @#(#!(& 7] ufgf M /fdk'/–^, bfª ;Dks{ M (*$&*!!)#*

nfO;]G; x/fPsf] ;"rgf † d]/f] lgDg Joxf]/fsf] nfO;]G; ldlt @)&! sflt{s !$ ut] t'n;Lk'/af6 3f]/fxLtkm{ hfF“b} ubf{ x/fPsf] xF'“bf km] nf kfg'{x'g] dxfg'efjn] glhssf] kx/L sfof{no cyjf lgDg 7] ufgfdf a'emfOlbg'x'g cg'/f]w ub{5' . gfd M cf]daxfb'/ 3tL{ du/ nfO;]G; g+= M )(–!(!&# 7] ufgf M hf}nLkf]v/L–^, /f]Nkf ;Dks{ M (*)*)(&^!!

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cToGt ldng;f/, a'xkltefsf wgL, sd{7, st{Jolgi7 xfdf k/d :g]xL Pj+ k/d cfb/0fLo bfh', a'jf, xh'/a'jf nId0fk;fb uf}tdsf] &( jif{sf] cfo'df oxL @)&! sflt{s !* ut] xfdL ;a} nfO{ 5f]8]/ ;Tonf]stkm{ udg ug'{ ePsfn] xfdL ;a} cToGt ddf{xt ePsf 5f}+ . oyfy{tfnfO{ x[bo+ud u/L zf]s;GtKt kl/jf/hg Pj+ cfTdLohgx?nfO{ k/d]Zj/n] w}o{wf/0f ug]{ zlQm kbfg u?g\ eGb} cljgfzL cfTdfsf] lr/zflGtsf] sfdgf ub}{ xflb{s ;dj]bgf tyf >4f~hnL JoQm ub{5f}+ .

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Admission Open !

B.E. Civil

BCA An ISO 9001 2008 Certi ed College

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Eligibility: +2 Science (Physics or Biology), Overseer

ca xfd} zx/ 3f]/fxL bfªdf Nofk6k xl:k6nn] NofPsf] 5 ;Dk"0f{ Nofk6k dd{t ;fduL, ;Dk"0f{ df]8]nsf Nofk6ksf] lrk n]an dd{t ;fy} ca sf7df8f}+, Ol08ofsf] ;'ljwf xfd} 3f]/fxLdf .

(Bachelor of Computer Application)

(4 year Computer Science) Eligibility: +2 Science, +2 Management with Maths or Computer Science, Overseer

For More Details:

Rapti Engineering College (Af liated to Pokhara University & CTEVT) Ghorahi-1, Saniambapur, Sarra Dang Cell :9857832329, 9857831684, 082-562601, 695271

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