Issuu

CMYK

l MBBS & BDS l B.Sc. NURSING l B. PHARMACY l PARAMEDICAL l B.Sc. Ag./VET.

l B.E./B.ARCH l B.Sc. CSTT l BCE/BCT l BME/BCE l BAG/BEX

COLUMBIA DANG EDUCATION

B.P. Chowk (large building fourth floor Ghorahi–15, Dang 082–590477/9851158632/9822779210

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www.nayayougbodh.com

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(Naya Yugbodh National Daily Aug. 7, 2023)

g hUuf laS5, g C0f kfOG5 t'n;Lk'/ , @! ;fpg . t'n;Lk'/ –^ Po/ kf] 6{ 6f] nsf ltns s] ;Lsf nflu 6l/ ufp“ Po/ kf] 6{ x/ d'gL k/ ] sf] 9'+uf] em} + ePsf] 5 . Po/ kf] 6{sf] 5] pdf pxf“sf] 3/ af; / s] xL hUuf 5 t/ cfkm"nfO{ ;d: of kbf{ Tof] hUuf g laqmL x'G5, g C0f lng ldNg] cj: yf 5 . …d hGd] sf] oxL+ xf] , d} n] yfxf kfpg] ePb] lv g} g] tfx?n] Po/ kf] 6{sf] : t/ f] Gglt ug] { xf] eGb} cfPsf 5g\ . To;sf/ 0f oxf“sf hUuf dfG5] n] lsGb} gg\, g a} +sn] oL hUuf / fv] / C0f lbG5 . ls of] Po/ kf] 6{ lj: tf/ u/ ] / xfdLnfO{ oxf“af6 : yfgfGt/ 0f ug'{k¥of] , xf] Og eg] Po/ kf] 6{ aG5 eGg] xNnf lkmhfp“b} xfdLn] hUuf / fv] / C0f kfpg] clwsf/ af6 al~rt ug'{ePgÚ– pxf“n] eGg'eof] – …;d: of kbf{ oxf“sf] hUuf a} +sn] / fv] / C0f lbg dfg] g a? vf] nf 5] psf] hUuf / fv] / C0f lbof]  . ufp“–ufp“df af6f] lkr ePsf 5g\ . xfd|f] oxf“ cem} u|fe] n af6f] 5 . of] Po/ kf] 6{sf] glhs eP/ s] rflx“ kmfObf eof] , oxf“sf gful/ snfO{ < dfq} g] tfx?nfO{ ehfO vfg] ef“8f] ePsf] 5 .Ú Po/ kf] 6{ 6f] ns} ljdnf a: g] tsf] u'gf;f] klg p: t} 5 . hUufsf] k"hf{ x] / ] / C0f lbg tof/ ePsf] a} +ssf

k"j{k|wfgdGqLdfly cg';Gwfg ug{ ;jf{]Rrsf] cfb]z sf7df8f+} , @! ;fpg -o';_– ;jf{] Rr cbfntn] afn'jf6f/ l: yt nlntf lgjf; / To;n] rr{] sf] ;/ sf/ L hUuf JolQmsf gfddf k'¥ofpg] u/ L ePsf lg0f{odf ;+nUg dlGqkl/ ifb\ sf kbflwsf/ L;d] tnfO{ cg';Gwfgsf] bfo/ fdf Nofpg cfb] z lbPsf] 5 . GofofwLz clgns'df/ l;Gxf / s'df/ r“'8fnsf] ;+o'Qm Ohnf;n] cfOtaf/ nlntf lgjf;sf] hUuf lxgfldgf k|s/ 0fdf dlGqkl/ ifb\af6 ePsf lg0f{odf ;d] t ;+nUgnfO{ cg';Gwfg ug{ cfb] z lbPsf] xf]   . ;jf] {Rrsf] of] cfb] z;“u} nlntf lgjf;sf] ;/ sf/ L af“sL clGtd k]hdf:

sd{rf/ L lkmN8 x] g{ cfPkl5 el/ ;s] sf] kmf/ d g} / 2 u/ ] sf] pxf“n] ;'gfpg'eof]   . …5f] / f5f] / Ln] k9\g aflx/ hfg] ljrf/ u/ ] / a} +saf6 C0f lng] ;f] r agfPsf] t/ a} +sn] cGoqsf] hUuf eP lng] oxf“sf] hUuf lwtf] / fv] / C0f lbg ;lsGg eg]  . xfdLn] slxn] ;Dd of] ;d: of v] lk/ fVg] xf] < g] tfx?n] Po/ kf] 6{sf] : t/ f] Gglt x'G5 eg] sf] ;'Gg yfNof w] / } eof] t/ sfd s] xL x'“b} gÚ– pxf“n] eGg'eof] – …;f“Rr} oxL Po/ kf] 6{s} sf/ 0f xfdL ;d: ofdf k/ ] sf 5f} + . g] tfx? Po/ kf] 6{ aG5 eG5g\ t/ clxn] t emg\ Kn] g klg lgoldt cfpg 5f] 8\of]   . cfh Kn] g cfpg] lbg xf] , cfof] t Kn] g < a? afv|f r5{g\ cfhef] ln Po/ kf] 6{df . dnfO{ nfU5, of] Po/ kf] 6{ slxNo aGb} g . r'gfjsf] a] nf g] tfx?n] ef] 6 dfUg] ynf] ag] sf] 5, TolQ xf]   .Ú ltns / ljdnfsf] h: t} o; If] qsf rf/ ;oa9L 3/ w'/ Lsf] ;d: of xf]   . Po/ kf] 6{ lj: tf/ x'g] gx'g] s'g} 6'+uf] 5} g t/ To; If] qsf gful/ sx? eg] ;'ljwfaf6 al~rt ePsf] b] lvG5 . 6l/ ufp“ Po/ kf] 6{ ljsf;sf nflu k|fljlws ?kdf s'g} klg k|lqmof cl3 ga9] sf] g] kfn gful/ s p8\8og k|flws/ 0fsf pkk|aGws ;Gtf] if clwsf/ L atfpg'x'G5 . …l8lkcf/ ag] s} 5} g .

lj: tf/ x'g] xf] of oyfjt / xg] xf] , s'g} k|lqmof cl3 a9] sf] 5} g . To;} n] Po/ kf] 6{ cf;kf;sf] hUuf / fv] / C0f lb+b} gf} + eGg' unt xf]   . olb Po/ kf] 6{ lj: tf/ g} x'g] ePkl5 t Po/ kf] 6{n] cf] u6\g] hUufsf] Sofgn] d'cfAhf lbOxfN5 lgÚ– pxf“n] eGg'eof] – …Ol~hlgo/ ;lxt a'4 Po/ / dGqfnosf] 6f] nLn] s] xL ;do cufl8 klg 6l/ ufp“ Po/ kf] 6{sf] cjnf] sg u/ ] sf] lyof]   . Toxf“sf] lr/ f] k'g{ nfUg] vr{n] gf/ fo0fk'/ df Ps xhf/ 5 ;o ld6/ …/ g j] Ú sf] Po/ kf] 6{ agfpg ;lsg] b] lvPsf] 5 . To;} n] clxn] g} Toxf“sf] hUuf / fv] / C0f glbg] , hUuf lsga] r gug'{kg] { cj: yf 5} g .Ú Po/ kf] 6{ lj: tf/ x'G5 eGg' / fhgLlts k|lta4tf dfq} eO/ x] sf] 5 . Po/ kf] 6{s} sf/ 0f gful/ sx?n] ;f: tL v] Kg'k/ ] sf] tLtf] oyfy{ 5“b} 5 t/ gLlt / ljlw ga'em] / } Po/ kf] 6{sf] ;jfndf af] Ng] g] tfx?sf] rfnf ;'lw|Psf] 5} g . o;af6 n'lDagL k|b] zsf d'VodGqL l8NnLaxfb'/ rf} w/ L klg hf] lug'ePg . d'VodGqL eO;s] kl5 h] 7 !^ ut] d'VodGqL rf} w/ L;lxt cfly{s dfldnf dGqL wgaxfb'/ df: sL;lxtsf] 6f] nL Po/ kf] 6{ cg'udgsf nflu k'Uof]  . cg'udgsf qmddf d'VodGqL rf} w/ Ln] eGg'eof] – …Po/ kf] 6{ lgdf{0fsf] sfd k|b] z ;/ sf/ n] cfh} b] lv yfngL ul/ ;Sof]   .Ú d'VodGqLn] cfkm" af] n] sf] s'/ f cfkm\gf] clwsf/ If] qeGbf aflx/ / x] 5 eGg] a'em\g b'O{ xKtf nfUof]  . c;f/ # ut] k|] ; o'lgog bfªn] t'n;Lk'/ df u/ ] sf] kqsf/ ;Dd] ngdf af] Nb} pxf“n] eGg'eof] – …s'/ } ga'em] / ;fdflhs ;~hfndf cg] s s'/ fx? cfO/ x] sf 5g\ . Po/ kf] 6{ lgdf{0fsf] sfd Sofg;“u ;Demf} tf u/ ] / dfq} cl3 a9\bf] / x] 5 †Ú cfkm} n] lbPsf] cleJolQmd} q'l6 ePsf] hfgsf/ L x'“bfx'“b} klg d'VodGqLn] ;fdflhs ;~hfndf n] Vg] x?nfO{ bf] iff/ f] k0f ug'{eof]   . pQm kqsf/ ;Dd] ngdf d'VodGqL rf} w/ Ln] k|b] z ;/ sf/ Po/ kf] 6{ lj: tf/ sf nflu tof/ 5 . casf] s] xL lbgleq} Sofg;“u ;Demf} tf x'G5 eg] sf] 8] 9 dlxgf lalt;Sof]  . xfn;Dd s'g} klg k|lqmof cufl8 ga9] sf] gful/ s p8\8og k|flws/ 0fn] atfPsf] 5 .

n'lDagL ;/ sf/ sf ;o lbg

b'O{ nfv /f]huf/L l;h{gfsf] nIo q bz/ y l3ld/ ] b] pv'/ L, @! ;fpg . n'lDagL k|b] z ;/ sf/ n] ;o lbgsf] pknlAw ;fj{hlgs u/ ] sf] 5 . : yfgLo pTkfbgsf ;fdu|Lsf] a|fl08ª ub} { b'O{ nfv JolQmnfO{ / f] huf/ L l;h{gf ug] {u/ L sfd eO/ x] sf] bfaL k|b] z ;/ sf/ n] u/ ] sf] 5 . k|b] z ;/ sf/ n] sfg'g lgdf{0f;“u} cfly{s ;d[l4sf] cfwf/ tof/ kfg] { sfd u/ ] sf] atfPsf] 5 . k|b] z ;/ sf/ n] Ps ;o lbgsf] pknlAw ;fj{hlgs ub} { ;+3Lotf sfof{Gjogdf / f] n df] 8] n aGg] u/ L sfd cl3 a9fPsf] atfPsf] 5 . : yfgLo ;fdu|Lsf] pTkfbg / To;sf] ahf/ Ls/ 0faf6 dfq} ufp“–ufp“df / f] huf/ L l;h{gf ug{ ;lsg] eGb} rfn' cfly{s jif{df b'O{ nfv JolQmnfO{ / f] huf/ L

lbg] of] hgf / x] sf] d'VodGqL l8NnLaxfb'/ rf} w/ Ln] atfpg'eof]   . …;/ sf/ sf] k|d'v Wofg eg] s} cfly{s ljsf;df 5 . To;sf nflu : yfgLo pTkfbgsf] ;fdu|Lsf] ahf/ Ls/ 0f / To;sf] a|fl08ª ug] { cfwf/ xf] Ú– pxf“n] eGg'eof] – …clxn] xfdLn] cfly{s ljsf;nfO{ k|fyldstfdf / fv] / d'VodGqL cfly{s ljsf; sfo{qmd cl3 ;f/ ] sf 5f} + . ah] 6 klg k|z: t 5 . s] Gb| ;/ sf/ ;“u klg 8] 9 ca{ ah] 6 dfu] sf 5f} + . bft[ lgsfo;“u klg cg'/ f] w u/ ] sf 5f} + .Ú k|b] z ;/ sf/ n] 8] 9 ca{ ah] 6 ljlgof] hg u/ ] sf] d'VodGqL cfly{s ljsf; sfo{qmdnfO{ Pp6f / f] n df] 8] nsf] sfo{qmdsf ?kdf cl3 a9fpg yfn] sf] hgfPsf] 5 . of] sfo{qmdn] dlxnf / o'jfnfO{ k|fyldstfdf / fv] / / f] huf/ Lsf

cj;/ x? l;h{gf ug{{] 5 . o;sf cltl/ Qm : yfgLo dlb/ fsf] pTkfbg / To;sf] a|fl08ª u/ ] / yk 5 nfv JolQmnfO{ / f] huf/ L lbg ;lsg] of] hgf ag] sf] ;d] t d'VodGqL rf} w/ Ln] atfpg'eof]   . …z'?df : yfgLo dlb/ fsf] a|fl08ªsf] s'/ f p7fp“bf xf“;f] sf] laifo h: tf] agfP . t/ clxn] l;+uf] b] zn] o;nfO{ k|fyldstf lbg] cj: yfdf k'¥ofof} +Ú– pxf“n] eGg'eof]   . ut j} zfv !% ut] n'lDagL k|b] zdf gof“ ;/ sf/ u7g ePsf] lyof]   . ;/ sf/ u7g ePsf] Ps ;o Ps lbg k'u] sf] ;Gbe{df pknlAw ;fj{hlgs ul/ Psf] xf]  . h;df sfg'g lgdf{0ftkm{ lghfdtL sd{rf/ L ljw] os ;+;bdf btf{ u/ ] sf] , ef} lts k"jf{wf/ tkm{ ePsf k|ultaf/ ] af“sL clGtd k]hdf:

afnL pTkfbgdf 36a9, ca{ a9Lsf] lgsf;L q ;Gtf] if vgfn 3f] / fxL, @! ;fpg . lhNnfdf o; jif{ wfg, ux'“, t] nxg, bnxg, sfutLnufotsf] pTkfbg 36] sf] ;/ sf/ L tYof+sn] b] vfPsf] 5 . k|lts"n df} ;dsf] c;/ afnLdf kbf{ d'Vo afnLdf c;/ b] lvPsf] 5 eg] ds} , cfn', t/ sf/ L afnL, cf“k, s] / f, dx pTkfbg eg] a9] sf] s[lif 1fg s] Gb|n] hfgsf/ L lbPsf] 5 . s[lif 1fg s] Gb|sf s[lif cy{lj1 Pj+ ;"rgf clwsf/ L k[YjL/ fh nfld5fg] n] d'Vo afnLsf] pTkfbg 36] sf] hfgsf/ L lbg'eof]   . o; jif{ eg] clxn] ;Ddsf] v] tLsf] cj: yf l7s} / x] sf] atfp“b} pxf“n] wfg, ds} / t/ sf/ L v] tL df} ;d cg's"n ag] sf] atfpg'ePsf] 5 . …wfg ** k|ltzt eGbf a9L / f] kfO“ eO;s] sf] 5 . t'n;Lk'/ sf] !) / !@ gDa/ j8flt/ / 3f] / fxLsf] l9sk'/ If] qlt/ s] xL / f] kfO“ x'g af“sL 5Ú– pxf“n] eGg'eof] – …ebf} sf] dlxgfdf kfgL k/ ] df o; jif{sf] wfg pTkfbg / fd|f] x'G5 .Ú pxf“n] lap slnn} / f] Kg kfPsf] / o; jif{ cl3Nnf] jif{ h: t} dnsf] xfxfsf/ geO{ u'0f: t/ Lo dn k|of] u ePsf] n] pTkfbg g36\g] atfpg'eof]   . CMYK

:6'8]G6;Fu l8k]G8]06 le;fdf ci6«]lnof, Sofg8f, o'/f]k hfg OR5's @! jif{b]lv #! jif{;Ddsf o'jfo'jtLx?n] t'?Gt ;Dks{ /fVg'xf]nf . ;Dks{M (&^(&&@(@#

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pxf“sf cg';f/ o; jif{ ds} sf] nflu klg df} ;d cg's"n ag] sf] 5 . …ds} sf] nflu t kfgL sd klg ePsf] 5} g eg] w] / } klg ePsf] 5} g . o; lx;fan] ut jif{ eGbf ds} pTkfbg g36\g] cj: yf b] V5'Ú– pxf“n] eGg'eof] – …jif] { t/ sf/ L klg / fd|f] ePsf] 5 .Ú o; jif{ bnxg t] nxg nufpg} af“sL 5 . sflt{skl5 aNn bfªdf bnxg t] nxg afnL nufOG5 . otf d'Vo afnLsf] pTkfbg 36] klg bfªaf6 s/ f] 8f} + ?k} of“sf] tfhf t/ sf/ L,

kmnkm"n, dx tyf wfg, ds} / t/ sf/ Lsf] lap lgsf;L ePsf] ;/ sf/ L / ] s8{ 5 . cfly{s jif{ @)&(÷)*) df bfªaf6 Ps ca{ !! s/ f] 8 %^ nfv (* xhf/ sf] tfhf t/ sf/ L, kmnkm"n, dx tyf wfg, ds} / t/ sf/ Lsf] lap aflx/ lgsf;L ePsf] s[lif 1fg s] Gb|n] hfgsf/ L lbPsf] 5 . s'gsf] slt 36\of] pTkfbg ut jif{sf] k|lts"n df} ;dsf] c;/ a9L pTkfbgdf k/ ] sf] b] lvPsf] 5 . lhNnfdf wfg, ux'“, t] nxg, bnxg, sfutLnufotsf]

pTkfbg 36] sf] ;/ sf/ L / ] s8{n] b] vfPsf] 5 . lhNnfdf cl3Nnf] jif{sf] t'ngfdf o; jif{ !! k|ltztn] wfgsf] pTkfbgdf sdL cfPsf] 5 . cl3Nnf] jif{ #( xhf/ rf/ ;o x] S6/ If] qkmndf Ps nfv &# xhf/ tLg ;o ^) d] l6«s 6g wfg pTkfbg ePsf] df o; jif{ #& xhf/ 5 ;o #% x] S6/ If] qkmndf Ps nfv %$ xhf/ b'O{ ;o *$ d] l6«s 6g wfg pTkfbg ePsf] lyof]   . wfg / f] kfO“sf] ;dodf jiff{ gx'g'sf] ;fy} sd If] qkmndf / f] kfO“ ePsf] n] wfg pTkfbgdf sdL cfPsf] s[lif 1fg s] Gb| bfªsf k|d'v g/ ] z lwtfnn] hfgsf/ L lbg'eof]   . lxp“b] jiff{ gx'“bf ux'“ pTkfbgdf gf} bzdnj b'O{ k|ltztn] x|f; cfPsf] 5 . cl3Nnf] jif{ !@ xhf/ tLg ;o $) x] S6/ If] qkmndf $# xhf/ Ps ;o () d] l6«s 6g pTkfbg ePsf] df o; jif{ !@ xhf/ b'O{ ;o #% x] S6/ If] qkmndf #( xhf/ b'O{ ;o !% d] l6«s 6g ux'“ pTkfbg ePsf] 5 . tf] / L nufpg] a] nfdf jiff{ ePsf] n] nufpg] If] qkmn sd x'“bf tf] / Lsf] pTkfbg klg Ps bzdnj 5 k|ltztn] 36] sf] 5 . cl3Nnf] jif{ !* xhf/ 5 ;o ## x] S6/ af“sL clGtd k]hdf:

k[i7 M $

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dfcf]jfbLn] tLgdlxg] ljz]if cleofg rnfpg] ;ft k|b] zsf ;ft j8fdf cWoIf cfkm} + ;xefuL x'g]

o'uaf] w ;dfrf/ bftf sf7df8f} +, @! ;fpg . g] skf dfcf] jfbL s] Gb|sf] s] Gb|Lo ;ldlt a} 7s ;DkGg ePsf] 5 . a} 7sn] @% a'“b] ;d;fdlos k|: tfj kfl/ t u/ ] sf] kf6L{ k|jQmf s[i0faxfb'/ dx/ fn] hfgsf/ L lbg'eof]   . a} 7skl5 ;~rf/ sdL{;“u s'/ f ub{} k|jQmf dx/ fn] ;dfhjfbL qmflGtsf] cleofg z'? ePsf] eGb} tLg dlxg] …hgtf;“u dfcf] jfbL ljz] if ?kfGt/ 0fsf nflu cleofgÚ ;~rfng ug{ nfluPsf] atfpg'eof]   . a} 7sdf k|wfgdGqL Pj+ g] skf -dfcf] jfbL s] Gb|_ sf cWoIf k'iksdn bfxfn …k|r08Ún] x/ ] s 3/ / kl/ jf/ df k'u] / kf6L{sf] gLlt of] hgf, sfo{qmd / ;/ sf/ n] kl5Nnf lbgdf ul/ / x] sf] sfd sf/ jfxLsf af/ ] df hfgsf/ L u/ fpg lgb{] zg lbg'ePsf] 5 . g] skf -dfcf] jfbL s] Gb|_ sf] s] Gb|Lo ;ldltsf] a} 7snfO{ ;Daf] wg ub{} pxf“n] b] zleqsf k|To] s 3/ kl/ jf/ nfO{ e] 6\g / s'g} klg 3/ g5f8\g kf6L{sf

s] Gb|Lo ;b: onfO{ lgb{] zg lbg'eof]   . kf6L{n] ;~rfng ug] { cleofgdf ;ft k|b] zsf ;ft j8f–j8fdf cfkm} vl6g] cWoIf k|r08sf] egfO lyof]  . ;f] cleofgdf kf6L{sf ;a} g] tf tyf sfo{stf{ sfo{If] qdf vl6g'kg{] pxf“sf] egfO 5 . cfkm" klg ;ft j8f k|b] zsf] ljleGg ;ft j8fdf k'u] / hgtf;“u ;fIffTsf/ ug{] eGb} pxf“n] ca ;a} g] tf tyf sfo{stf{ hgtf;“u Psfsf/ x'g} kg{] / hf] l8g} kg{] atfpg'eof]   . pxf“n] clxn] klg kf6L{ / g] t[Tj 3] / faGbLdf / x] sf] pNn] v ug{'eof]   . k|wfgdGqL;d] t / xg'ePsf cWoIf k|r08n] ;/ sf/ sf tkm{af6 ePsf] sfd sf/ jfxLsf af/ ] df ;d] t hgtfnfO{ hfgsf/ L lbg cfu|x ug{'eof]  . cWoIf k|r08n] e|i6frf/ lj/ f] wL cleofg of] hgfa4 tl/ sfn] ;~rfng ul/ Psf] atfp“b} cleofgnfO{ ;fy lbg lgb{] zg;d] t lbg'ePsf] 5 . pxf“n] kf6L{sf] d'Vo g] t[[Tj jl/ kl/ uf] naGb eP/ ljlw k4ltdf / x] / hgtf;“u Psfsf/ eP/ kl/ jt{gsf] : jfldTj lng] u/ L cufl8 a9\g'kg{] atfpg'eof]   .

!^ ut] b] lv tLg dlxg] cleofg Kff6L{n] ;~rfng ug] { cleofgsf] cfufdL ebf} !^ ut] pb\3f6g x'g] atfOPsf] 5 . cleofgdf hgtfsf] 3/ 3/ df hfg] , hgtfsf] u'gf;f] ;'Gg] / kf6L{df s] lGb|t ul/ g] k|jQmf dx/ fn] hfgsf/ L lbg'eof]   . oxL ;fpg !& ut] b] lv z'? ePsf] a} 7sdf cWoIf k|r08n] ;d;fdlos / fhgLlts k|: tfj k] z ug{'ePsf] lyof]   . ;f] k|: tfjdfly g] tfx?n] cf–cfkm\gf] wf/ 0ff / fVg'ePsf] lyof]   . s] Gb|Lo ;ldltdf #% k|ltzt dlxnf dfcf] jfbLn] s] Gb|Lo ;ldltnfO{ rf/ ;o gf} ;b: oLo agfPsf] 5 . s] Gb|Lo ;ldltdf #% k|ltzt dlxnfsf] k|ltlglwTj ;'lglZrt ul/ Psf] 5 . a} 7sdf tLg ;o *& k"0f{ / Ps ;o (^ j} slNks s] Gb|Lo ;b: o, cg'zf;g, n] vf / lgjf{rg cfof] usf ;b: o $! tyf ;ft ef} uf] lns / tLg u} / ef} uf] lns u/ L !) k|b] zsf () kbflwsf/ Lsf] ;xeflutf lyof]   . a} 7sdf kf6L{ ;b: osf] ;+Vof ;ft nfv %@ xhf/ gf} ;o %^ / x] sf] tYof+s k|: t't ul/ Psf] lyof]   .

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Psbd} 36] / hfg] 5 . clxn] t s/ f] 8f+} vr{ u/ L ;+f;b lht] / dGqL eO{ / sd p7fpg] k|j[lQn] g} d'n's t: s/ / e|i6frf/ sf] nflu : jl0f{d cj;/ aGg k'u] sf] 5 . ljleGg sDkgL dfq} xf] Og z} lIfs ;+: yfsf gfddf k6s–k6s Pp6} ;fdfg cfp“bf klg eG;f/ n] s] xf] t eg] / 5fglag gug'{sf] sf/ 0f s] xf]   < u[xdGqLn] cfkm\ gf] dfG5] k7fpg] , cy{dGqLn] cfkm\ gf] dfG5] k7fpg] gful/ s p8\8og dGqLn] cfkm\gf] dfG5] Po/ kf] 6{df k7fpg] ToxL+af6 SjLG6nsf SjLG6n ;'g aflxl/ g]   . clGtddf l;gfd+undf ks|fp x'g'n] dGqLdfly klg z+sf p7] sf] 5 . To;} n] ;a} bn ldn] / / fHo ;+oGqn] : jtGq eP/ sfd ug{ bafa lbg'k¥of]  . jt{dfg ;/ sf/ n] ca d'6' ldr] / t: s/ / e|i6frf/ dfly lgd{d 9Ëaf6 k|xf/ ug{ ;Sg'kb{5 . rfx] ;Qfaf6 x6\g lsg gk/ f] ;\ . olt ug{ ;s] Joj: yf lj?4 uO/ x] sf] hgdfg;nfO{ Joj: yfk|lt cfzfsf ls/ 0fx? knfpg ;sf] ;\ . k|wfgdGqL / u[xdGqL cfkm" rf] vf] 5g\ eg] ca t'kmfgL ?kdf cufl8 ga9L x“'b} g . l;jLcfOnfO{ klg lhDdf lbP/ ;+ul7t ck/ fw / x'G8Lsf] ljifodf 5fglag u/ fpg'k¥of]   . eG;f/ df k7fPsf k|d'vx?nfO{ klg cg';Gwfgdf lsg tflgb} g < olt w] / } ;'g k6s–k6s aflx/ L ;Sbf s] x] / ] / a;] sf lyP < o;f] gubf{ g} u[xdGqL / cy{dGqLsf] / fhLgfdf dfluPsf] 5 . ;/ ;tL{ x] bf{ l7s} klg xf]  . t/ o;af6 klg ;d: of ;dfwfg x'g] 5} g . To;} n] bafa lbg'k¥of]   . jt{dfg ;/ sf/ n] jfxjfxL kfO/ x] sf] a] nf ;'g sf08n] k'gM cf] em] ndf kfl/ lbPsf] 5 . To;} n] rf“8f] eGbf rf“8f] o;sf] h/ f] df k'u] / 6'+Uofpglt/ nfUg'kb{5 .

zL / df]bLsf] ck|s6 ;Djfbsf] ;fy{stf lat] sf] aif{ gf] e] Da/ df rLgsf / fi6«klt zL lhglkË / ef/ tsf k|wfgdGqL g/ ] Gb| df] bLsf aLr O08f] g] lzofsf] / fhwfgL afnLdf b'O{kIfLo ;DaGw / ljz] iftM ;Ldf ;DaGwsf] l: yltsf af/ ] df dxTjk"0f{ ;Dafb ePsf] lyof]   . h;sf] v'nf;f To;sf] cf7 dlxgfkl5 xfn} dfq ePsf] kfOof]  . blIf0f clk|msfdf ef/ tsf ;+;bLo ;'/ Iff ;Nnfxfsf/ clht 8f] efn / pgsf lrgL ;dsIfL jfª oLsf aLrsf] s'/ fsfgLkl5 rLgsf] tkm{af6 hf/ L ul/ Psf] lj1lKtdff klxnf] k6s of] tYo k|sfzdf cfPsf] lyof] ls zL lhglkª / df] bLn] b'O{ b] zsf] ;LdfaLr l: y/ tf sfod / fVg] af/ ] df jftf{ u/ ] sf lyP . o; ;DaGwdf klxnf ef/ tLo ljb] z dGqfnosf] tkm{af6 ef/ tn] s] jn olQ eg] sf] lyof] ls b'a} pRr g] tfx?n] s] jn lzi6frf/ jz ;DaGwsf ;fdfGo s'/ f tyf s'zn d+un s] s;f] 5 eGg] larf/ cfbfg– k|bfg ePsf] lyof]  . k|i6} 5 ls cfhsf] ljZj kl/ k|] Ifsf] ;Gbe{df b'a} b] zn] ljifosf] ;+j] bgzLntf / 3/ ] n' / fhgLlts hl6ntfnfO{ Wofgdf / fv] / klxnf To; jftf{sf af/ ] df s] xL atfOPsf] lyPg a'em\g ;lsG5 . s"6gLlts lx;fan] o;nfO{ / fd|f] ;+s] t klg dflgb} 5 ls l5d] sL b'a} b] zsf g] tfx?sf aLrdf cgf} krfl/ s?kdf g} eP klg dxTjk"0f{ ;dodf k/ : k/ jftf{ sfod ePsf] 5 . o;sf] csf] { tfls{s sbd hL– @) lzv/ jftf{sf a] nfdf b'a} b] zsf g] tfx?sf aLr cf} krfl/ s ljrf/ ljdz{ x''g'kb{5 . t/ To; ;Defljt jftf{eGbf klxnf rLg cfkm\gf] k'/ fgf] s8f c8fgdf g} sfod / x] sf] ef/ tdf atfO“b} 5 . xfn} rLgdf cfof] lht cGt/ f{li6«o j"z' v] nsf] k|lt: k4f{df

efu lng] ef/ tLo v] nf8Lx?sf] l6dn] c?0ffrn k|b] zaf6 cfpg] tLg v] nf8LnfO{ rLgn] ;fdfGo le;fsf] ;f6f] df : 6] kn le;f hf/ L u/ ] sf] lyof]   . To;sf] la/ f] w: j?k ef/ taf6 v] nf8L gk7fpg] ;d] t lgwf] ul/ Psf] lyof]   . ef/ tsf] ljb] z dGqfnon] rLgsf] To; sf/ jfxL ug] { sbdsf] k|ltsf/ u/ ] sf] df To;sf] ltvf] cfnf] rgf klg eof] . ef/ tn] o; ;DaGwdf rLg;“u la/ f] w klg AoQm u/ ] sf] lyof] ls ef/ t klg o; sf/ jfxLsf] hjfkm lbg] x} l;ot ;'/ lIft / fV5 . yk ef/ tsf k"j{ / fhglosx?n] s] ;'emfj lbPsf 5g\ eg] ef/ tnfO{ ltAat;“u ;DaGw / fVg] lrlgof“ v] nf8Lx?nfO{ klg o: t} k|sf/ sf] le;f hf/ L ug'{kb{5 . / fhgLlts l: ylt s: tf] 5 eg] ef/ t ltAatnfO{ rLgs} e"efusf] lx: ;f dfGb5 t/ rLg c?0ffrn k|b] znfO{ rLg / ef/ tsf aLrsf] Pp6f lajflbt lx: ;f s/ f/ ub{5 eGg] ef/ tsf zf;s au{sf] c8fg 5 . To;} cfwf/ df lat] sf w] / } jif{b] lv rLgsf] tkm{af6 : k] 6n lehf hf/ L ul/ b} cfPsf] klg 5 . ef/ tn] klxnf of] ljifonfO{ TolQsf dxTj lbPsf] b] lvPg . t/ uPsf] @)@! df ePsf] unjfg e~HofËsf] b'O{ b] zaLrsf] em8ko'Qm ;+3if{b] lv otf l: ylt ablnof]   . To;} n] To;otf ef/ t hjfkmL sf/ jfxL ug] { d"8df / x] sf] atfO“b} 5 . rLg olb ef/ tsf af/ ] df ;+j] bgzLn 5} g eg] ef/ t;“u p;n] o: t} ck] Iff / fVg'kb{5 eGg yfn] sf] 5 . / fhgLlts kl/ a[Qdf rLgsf] ;a} eGbf 7"nf] k|z+;s ef/ tLo d"nsf Ps ljåfg lszf] / d] xa'afjgLn] …Plzofsf] zbLÚ zLif{ssf] rlr{t k': tsdf n] v] sf 5g\ ls …ljZjsf] ljutsf] b'O{ xhf/ jif{sf] Oltxf;df !*)) jif{sf] sfnv08df ef/ t

/ rLg ljZjsf ;a} eGbf 7"nf cy{ Aoj: yf ePsf b] z / x] sf x'g\ .Ú To;df otf …lat] sf b'O{ ztfAbLsf] b'lb{gsf] sfnv08 -cyf{t pklgj] zsf] hf“tf] df lkl;Psf] sfnv08_ eGbf dfly p7] / b'a} b] zsf ;fd'df ca k'gM ljZjs} zLif{: y aGg] cj;/ ag] sf] 5 .Ú ;fy} pgn] s] r] tfjgL klg lbPsf 5g\ eg] …k/ : k/ ;+3if{sf sf/ 0f ef/ t / rLgn] of] cj;/ u'dfpg klg ;S5g\ .Ú Eff/ tLo ljZn] ifsx? g} olta] nf elg/ x] sf 5g\ ls k"jL{ n2fvdf clxn] b'a} b] zsf ;] gfx?sf] t} gfyL / x“bf / x“b} klg l;dfgfdf ;fdfGo?kn] zflGt sfod / x] sf] 5 . b'a} b] z s'g} lx+;fTds b'3{6gfsf] k'g/ fa[lQ gxf] ;\ eGg] lt/ ;ts{ / tTk/ klg b] lvb} cfPsf 5g\ . o: tf] l: yltdf Psy/ L ef/ tLo ljZn] ifsx? eG5g\ ls …lrlgof“ g] t[Tjn] a'l4dQfsf] kl/ ro lbg ;Sof] eg] b'O{ b] z aLrsf] ;DaGwnfO{ k'gM ;xL af6f] df Nofpg ;lsG5 .Ú ef/ tLo ljb] zdGqL ;'a|xd0od hoz+s/ n] k6s k6s ;Ldfdf t} gfy ;] gfnfO{ kl5 x6fP/ ;LdfIf] qdf b'O{ b] zsf aLr zflGt / ;fdfGo l: ylt sfod / fVg' b'O{ b] zaLrsf] ;DaGwnfO{ k6/ Ldf Nofpg dxTjk"0f{ / cfjZos zt{ xf]   . rLgn] klg o: t} s'/ f ub} { cfPsf] 5 . x'g klg ef/ t / rLgsf] cy{Aoj: yf Ps csf{;“u olQsf w] / } hf] l8Psf] 5 ls o;sf] Pp6f dxTjk"0f{ ;+s] t rLgaf6 ef/ tdf x'g] u/ ] sf] 7"nf] lgof{t xf]   . o; ;DaGwdf cGt/ f{li6«o d'b|f sf] ifsf cg';f/ uPsf] jif{ @)@@ df rLgaf6 ef/ t lgof{t !@) ca{ 8n/ eGbf a9Lsf] lyof]   . jt{dfgdf rLg ljZjdf ef/ tsf nflu ;a} eGbf 7"nf] lgof{ts b] z xf]  . clxn] ef/ tsf cf} iflw pBf] ux?

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l: sg pRr / x] sf] / o;af6 ;+qmldt ;+Vof !@ xhf/ b'O{ ;o / x] sf] / dNn/ fgL ufp“kflnsfdf ;a} eGbf sd cf7 ;o !$ / x] sf] atfOPsf] 5 . nDkL l: sg / f] uaf6 ufOe} +;L ;+qmldt ePkl5 d'v / gfsdf 3fp b] lvG5 eg] cf“vf / gfsaf6 cTolws dfqfdf t/ n kbfy{ lg: sg] u5{ . To: t} b"w pTkfbgdf tLa| lu/ fj6 cfpg'sf ;fy} pRr Hj/ f] cfpg] , tf} n 36\g] / d[To' ;d] t x'g ;S5 . nDkL l: sg / f] uaf6 ;+qmldt kz'x?df pkrf/ ug{] tyf vf] k nufpg] gf} j6f : yfgLo tx / PsLs[t s[lif tyf kz'kG5L ljsf; sfof{no Ko'7fgdf sfo{/ t ^$ hgf k|fljlws / x] sf 5g\ . Ko'7fg lhNnfdf nDkL l: sg / f] uaf6 ;+qmldt kz'x?sf] ljj/ 0f cg';f/ kz' pkrf/ df vl6g] of] hgzlQm Go"g / x] sf] atfOG5 . ;+qmldt kz' / pkrf/ df vl6g] hgzlQmsf] cg'kft Pshgf a/ fa/ sl/ j ;ft xhf/ cf7 ;o kg{] eGb} pkrf/ df sl7g ePsf] k|fljlwsx?sf] egfO 5 . clxn] sf] ;dodf ;+qmldt kz'sf] pkrf/ sf nflu ;+3, k|b] z / : yfgLo txaf6 g} cf} iflwsf] Joj: yf;lxt k|fljlwsx¿ kl/ rfng ul/ Psf] 5 .

a'6jn, @! ;fpg . ?kGb] xLsf] ltnf] Qdf gu/ kflnsfn] d'n'se/ dxfdf/ Lsf ?kdf km} lnPsf] kz'df nfUg] / f] u nDkL l: sglj?4sf] vf] k ls;fgsf] uf] 7df uP/ cfOtaf/ b] lv nufpg z'? u/ ] sf] 5 . ltnf] Qdf–@ tkfx nfOgdf / x] sf s[ifs O{Zj/ L e08f/ Lsf] uf] 7df / x] sf] ufO{nfO{ vf] k nufP/ cleofgsf] z'ef/ De ul/ Psf] xf]   . vf] ksf] z'ef/ De ub} ltnf] Qdf gu/ kflnsfsf k|d'v / fds[i0f vf“0fn] kz'df nfUg] / f] u lgoGq0fsf nflu ;~rfng ul/ Psf] vf] k cleofgn] s[ifsnfO{ 7"nf] / fxt ldNg] ljZjf; JoQm ug'{eof] ]  . Iflt Go"gLs/ 0fsf nflu / f] u nfu] sf tyf / f] u nfUg'cl3 g} gu/ leq / x] sf ;a} kz'x?nfO{ vf] k ;~rfng ul/ Psf] atfp“b} pxf“n] nDkL l: sg h: t} cGo dxfdf/ L lglDtg ;Sg] ;d: ofsf nflu tof/ L cj: yfdf / x] sf] atfpg'eof]   . pkk|d'v hu] Zj/ Lb] jL rf} w/ Ln] / f] u tyf dxfdf/ Laf6 x'g] Iflt Go"gLs/ 0fsf nflu gu/ sf s[ifsx?nfO{ clgjfo{ kz' ladf sfo{qmddf ;xefuL x'g cfu|x ug'{eof]  . / fHon] pknAw u/ fpg] ;] jfaf6 sf] xL klg al~rt gx'g] u/ L s[ifsx?nfO{ ladf sfo{qmddf ;xefuL x'g / cfkm\gf kz'x?nfO{ cfjZos vf] ksf nflu gu/ kflnsf;“u ;dGjo ug{ cfu|x ug'{eof] . gu/ kflnsfsf] kz' zfvfsL 8f= phf{ b] jsf] 6fsf cg';f/ ljz] if u/ L ufO{uf] ?df nDkL l: sgsf] ;+qmd0f a9L b] lvPsf] 5 . ltnf] Qdfdf / x] sf !) b] lv !@ k|ltzt ufO{nfO{ nDkL l: sgsf] ;+qmd0f / x] sf] 5 . gu/ df sl/ a kf“r xhf/ b'O{ ;o ufO{÷uf] ? / x] sf 5g\ . xfn;Dd *) b] lv () ufO{÷uf] ? nDkL l: sgsf sf/ 0f d[To' ePsf] b] jsf] 6fn] hfgsf/ L lbg'eof]   . klxnf] r/ 0fdf s[ifssf uf] 7df / x] sf ufO{÷uf] ?nfO{ vf] k nufOg] 5 . ltnf] Qdf gu/ kflnsfn] gLlt sfo{qmdd} kz' rf} kfofdf ljleGg vf] k ;~rfng ug] { egL @) nfv / sd ljlgof] hg ;d] t u/ ] sf] 5 . To: t} a'6jn pkdxfgu/ kflnsfn] lat] sf] !% lbgdf 5 ;o kz'df nDkL l: sglj?4sf] vf] k nufOPsf] atfPsf] 5 . a'6jnn] oxL ;fpg ^ ut] b] lv vf] k nufpg z'? u/ ] sf] lyof]   .

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k/ LIffsf] d"NofÍg ljlwsf af/ ] df l;sfO cfbfgk|bfg ul/ Psf] lyof]  . ljBfnosf lk|lG;kn b|f] 0f v8\sfsf] cWoIftfdf ePsf] sfo{qmdsf] ;~rfng lzlIfsf zflGtb] jL xdfnn] ug'{ePsf] lyof]   . cled'vLs/ 0f sfo{qmdsf] ;dfkg ub} { k|wfgfWofks v8\sfn] l;sfOnfO{ k|efjsf/ L agfpg lzIfssf] Ifdtf ljsf; dxTjk"0f{ kIf ePsf] eGb} cfufdL lbgdf o; k|sf/ sf sfo{qmdnfO{ lg/ Gt/ tf lbb} nlug] atfpg'ePsf] lyof]   .

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3f] / fxL, @! ;fpg . vf/ vf] nL / em] gf sfnf] kq] ;8saf6 blIf0ftkm{ sl/ a %) ld6/ sRrL af6f] lx8] kl5 vf/ vf] nLsf] k'ndf k'luG5 . uf8L u'8\g ldNg] ;8ssf] cfsf/ hlQs} km/ flsnf] k'n ag] sf] 5 . Tof] k'n t/ ] kl5 hfg] 7fp“ eg] 5} g . k'nsf] d'v} df 3/ 5g\ . / f“uf kfNg] x?sf uf] 7 5g\ . k'ndf s] 6fs] 6L v] N5g\ . : yfgLosf cg';f/ k'nd'lg sqf] vf] nf cfof] eg] / x] g{ ;lhnf] 5 . To;afx] s k'nsf] pknlAw 5} g . To;df r9] / hfg] af6f] st} 5} g . o;/ L af6} gePsf 7fp“df 3f] / fxL–!* df k'n ag] sf] 5 . lgsf;lagfsf] Tof] k'ndf cf7 nfv nufgL ePsf] : yfgLon] atfP . pkef] Qmf ;ldltdfkm{t k'n ag] sf] tL : yfgLon] hfgsf/ L lbP . k'nsf] klZrd pQ/ L lsgf/ fsf 3/ a] 6L vft'gsf cg';f/ ahf/ lg: sg ;lhnf] sf] nflu k'n ag] sf] xf]   . s] xL ld6/ lx“8\g] ljlQs} / fKtL : s'n cufl8sf] ;8sdf k'luG5 . To;kl5 ahf/ hfg ;lhnf] x'G5 . clxn] af6f] sf] 5] pd} 3/ ePsf klg 3'd] / / em] gf ;8s k'Ug'k5{ . cfkt ljkt eof] eg] klg PDa'n] G; 3'dfpg] 7fp“ 5} g . cufl8 a9\g] lgsf; aGb ePsf] 5 . …k'n t agfOof] j8fn] af6f] v'nfOlbg ;s] gÚ– gfd v'nfpg grfxg] csf{ : yfgLon] eGg'eof] – …j8fWoIfnfO{ eGbf pkdxfgu/ kflnsfnfO{ eGof 5'

eGg'x'G5, pkdxfgu/ kflnsfn] xfd|f s'/ } ;'lglbGg .Ú k'nsf] pQ/ lt/ af6 l;wf af6f] ag] sf] 5 . Tof] af6f] !! ld6/ rf} 8f vf] nfdf cfOk'U5 / ToxL+ k'n ag] sf] 5 . k'nsf] blIf0flt/ sf] lgsf;df P] nfgL hUuf xf]   . s] xL JolQmn] vf] nf ldr] / 3/ agfPsf 5g\ . pgLx?n] 3/ eTsfpg] / af6f] vf] Ng] ;xdlt eP cg';f/ k'ndf ah] 6 dfu ul/ of]  . ut c;f/ d} k'n lgdf{0f ;DkGg eP/ e'QmfgL ul/ ;lsPsf] 5 . t/ af6f] v'n] sf] 5} g . l;: g] lxdfn / k'~kf~hnL 6f] n hf] 8\g] k'n agfPsf] k'ikf~hnLsf cWoIf rGb|axfb'/ a'9fn] hfgsf/ L lbg'eof]   . pxf“sf cg';f/ lgsf;sf] nflu vf] nf ldr] / agfPsf ;+/ rgf x6fpg] ;xdlt ePsf] xf]  . ;fO“nf

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o'uaf] w ;dfrf/ bftf sf7df8f} +, @! ;fpg . cfOl;;L dlxnf 6L–6\jfG6L ljZjsk Pl;of 5gf] 6sf] tof/ Ldf / x] sf] g] kfnL / fli6«o dlxnf lqms] 6 6f] nLdf g] kfn lqms] 6 ;+3 -Sofg_ n] ef/ tLo k"j{dlxnf lqms] 6/ b] ljsf kflNzs/ nfO{ ;Nnfxsf/ k|lzIfsdf lgo'Qm u/ ] sf] 5 . ef/ t / a+unfb] zsf] ;xfos k|lzIfssf ¿kdf sfd ul/ ;Sg'ePsL pxf“nfO{ sG;N6\ ofG6 k|lzIfssf] ?kdf cfOtaf/ lgo'Qm ul/ Psf] Sofgn] hgfPsf] 5 . b] ljsfn] ut l;hgsf] j'dG; lk|ldo/ lnudf d'DaO{ OlG8oG; Snaaf6 Aofl6ª k|lzIfssf]

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e"ldsf lgjf{x ug{'ePsf] lyof]  . b] ljsf ;g\ @)!$ b] lv @)!^ ;Dd ef/ tsf] ;xfos k|lzIfs x'g'x'GYof]  . pxf“ @)!* df a+unfb] zsf] ;xfos k|lzIfs aGg'ePsf] lyof]   . dn] l;ofdf oxL cu: 6 #! b] lv ;] K6] Da/ ( tfl/ v;Dd cfof] hgf x'g] cfOl;;L dlxnf 6L–6\jfG6L ljZjsk Pl;of 5gf] 6 k|ltof] lutfdf ;xefuL 6f] nLnfO{ b'O{ ;d"xdf ljefhg ul/ Psf] 5 . h;df g] kfn ;d"x …PÚ df / x] sf] 5 . g] kfnsf] ;d"xdf cfof] hs dn] l;of;“u} ax/ fOg, e'6fg ;+o'Qm c/ a Old/ ] 6\; -o'PO{_ / stf/ / x] sf 5g\ . To: t} ;d"x …aLÚ df rLg, xªsª, s'j] t, yfONofG8 /

ldNb} g . k'nsf] b'a} tkm{ lkmlnª gx'“bf k'n sfddf cfPsf] 5} g . ;/ sf/ sf] k} ;f vr{ ePsf] 5 pknlAw 5“b} 5} g . ;fljssf] af6f] nfO{ g} k'nn] ckm\7] / f] kf/ ] kl5 gfu] Zj/ L dlGb/ k"j{af6 csf] { af6f] v'nfOPsf] 5 . k'nn] c;'ljwf a9fPsf] 5 . d'2f k/ ] / k'n lgdf{0fdf ;d: of cfPsf] j8fWoIf e/ tdl0f cof{nn] hfgsf/ L lbg'eof]   . pxf“sf cg';f/ k'n lgdf{0fkl5 k} ;f klg ar] sf] lyof]   . ;a} sfd ;Sg] a] n} s] xL JolQmn] cfkm\gf] hldg bfaL u/ ]  . k'n cnkq k¥of]  . d'2f 6'+luPkl5 hltv] / klg k'n ;'rf? ug{ ;lsG5 . pxf“sf cg';f/ : yfgLon] dfu u/ ] kl5 of] hgf kfl/ of]   . lgdf{0f x'g} nfUbf ljjfb eof]  . o;/ L Pp6} ;f] tfdf ag] sf b'O{j6f k'n dflg; cfjthfjt ug{ gldNg] ag] sf 5g\ .

Dofgdf/ 5g\ . k|ltof] lutfdf x/ ] s ;d"xsf zLif{ b'O{ 6f] nLn] ;] ldkmfOgn v] Ng] 5g\ . kmfOgndf k'Ug] b'O{ 6f] nLn] Unf] an Sjflnkmfo/ v] Ng kfpg] 5g\ . 5gf] 6 x'g] g] kfnL 6f] nLsL sKtfg ?ljgf If] qL;lxt ;Ltf / fgf du/ , OGb' adf{, cK;/ L a] ud, sljtf s'“j/ , sljtf hf] zL, cl: dgf sdf{rfo{, O{Zj/ L lji6, s[ltsf d/ fl;gL, laGb' / fjn, g] / L yfkf, sfhf] n >] i7 / ;Demgf v8\sf / x] sf 5g\ . To;} u/ L ;/ : jtL rf} w/ L, : g] xf dx/ f, ;[li6 h} ;L, s~rg >] i7, / f] df yfkf, ;jgd / fO{, k"hf dxtf] , v'zL 8Ëf] n, dlgiff rf} w/ L, Hof] lt kf08] / ?la kf] 8f/ / x] sf 5g\ .

vf] h tyf p4f/ sf nflu cfu|x t'n;Lk'/ , @! ;fpg -o';_– b] j3f6 tLyf{6gsf qmddf a] kQf ePsf t'n;Lk'/ –!@ sf #@ jifL{o nf] s] Gb| e';fnsf] vf] h tyf p4f/ sf nflu t'n;Lk'/ pkdxfgu/ kflnsfsf k|d'v 6Lsf/ fd v8\sfn] cfu|x ug'{ePsf] 5 . a] kQf ePsf] tLg lbg;Dd klg pxf“sf] cj: yf af/ ] df s'g} hfgsf/ L k|fKt gx'g' b'Mvb\ s'/ f

ePsfn] ;DalGwt lgsfonfO{ tTsfn pxf“sf] af/ ] df kl/ jf/ nfO{ hfgsf/ L lbg / vf] h p4f/ sf] sfo{nfO{ tLa|tf lbg;d] t cg'/ f] w ug'{ePsf] 5 . …tLyf{6gh: tf] kljq : yfgdf ;'/ Iffsf ljlw ckgfpg g;Sbf o: tf b'Mvb\ 36gf eO/ x] sf 5g\ . o: tf b'3{6gf x'gaf6 / f] Sgsf nflu ;d] t ;DalGwt lgsfonfO{ xflb{s cg'/ f] w 5Ú– pxf“n] eGg'eof] –

…tLy{f6gdf b'Mvsf] ;dodf k'u] sf JolQmx¿nfO{ gbLdf k: g lbg' / Toxf“sf] cj: yfsf af/ ] df hfgsf/ L glbg' ;DalGwt kIfsf] nfk/ jfxL xf]  . vf] h tyf p4f/ sfo{df : yfgLo kflnsfaf6 cfjZos k/ ] sf] cj: yfdf ;xof] u / xg] 5 .Ú e';fn gf/ fo0fL gbL b] j3f6df tLy{f6gsf qmddf ;fpg !( ut] laxfg * a] kQf x'g'ePsf] lyof]   .

lk;fj k/LIf0f u/L nfu'cf}ifw ;]jg u/]sf] kQf nufpg] t/Lsf cfof] olb tkfOFsf] dfG5] jf ljBfyL{x? b'AnfpFb} uPsf] 5, k9fO{df sdhf]/ x'Fb}5, cgfjZos k};f dfUg] / vr{ u5{, cfkmGtx?;Fu 6f9f x'g vf]H5, ;fFem l9nf] ;'Tg] / laxfg l9nf] p7\5 / ;du| Jojxf/ kl/jt{g x'Fb} uPsf] 5 eg] nfu'cf}ifwsf] ;d:ofdf k/]sf] x'g ;S5 . pQm JolQmsf] z/L/df nfu'cf}ifw ePsf] hfFr ug]{ ;fdu|Lsf] ;xof]u lnO{ 3/ jf ljBfnodf cfkm} lk;fj hfFr u/L kQf nufpg'xf];\ / nfu'cf}ifwsf] bnbnn] x'g] ljs/fn Ifltaf6 aRg'xf];\ / arfpg'xf];\ . a;Gt k'g M k|b]z ;+of]hs– n'lDagL k|b]z lk;fa k/LIf0f nfu'cf}ifw b'Jo{;g /f]syfd cleofg g]kfn ;Dks{ JolQm (*$&*#!*$(, (*)(*^))&& Email: b9847831849@gmail.com

g]kfn ;/sf/

dfnkf] t sfof{no ndxL bfªsf] ;fj{hlgs ;"rgf † bfª lhNnf ;tal/of uf=lj=;= j8f g+= % xfn ndxL g=kf= j8f g+= * a:g] df]xgnfn rf}w/Lsf] gflt /fdgf/fo0f rf}w/Lsf] kTgL, s[i0fL rf}w/Ln] klt /fdgf/fo0f rf}w/Lsf] gfddf ePsf] lgDg adf]lhdsf] hUufsf] df]7 >]:tf ldlt @)%*.)*.)* df dfnkf]t sfof{no bfª 3f]/fxLdf cfunfuL eO{ df]7 >]:tf hnL gi6 ePsfn] xfn;Dd >]:tf sfod gePsf] x'bF f >]:tf sfod u/L d]/f gfddf gfd;f/L kfpF egL ldlt @)*).)$.!* df o; sfof{nodf lgj]bg lbg'ePsf]df lgj]bs / c? s;}sf] xs nfUg] eP jf >]:tf sfod x'g' gkg]{ eP of] ;"rgf k|sflzt ePsf] ldltn] #% -k}l+ t;_ lbgleq ;–k|df0f xsbfjL ug{ cfpg'xg' ;DalGwt ;a}sf] hfgsf/Lsf] nflu of] ;"rgf k|sflzt ul/Psf] 5 . ;doleq bfjL lj/f]w ug{ gcfP sfg'g adf]lhd eO{ hfg] Aoxf]/f ;"lrt ul/G5 .

tkl;n uf=lj=;= j8f g+= lsQf g+= If] qkmn hUufwgLsf] gfd d6]l/of &÷v @&% )–)–& /fdgf/fo0f rf}w/L d6]l/of &÷v @&^ )–)–^ /fdgf/fo0f rf}w/L ;fy} o;df lgj] bLsfsf] klt / fdgf/ fo0f rf} / Lsf] ldlt @)&@.)(.@$ df d[To' ePsf] pNn] lvt hUufsf] ;Ssn h=w=k|= k"hf{ k] z gu/ ] sf] / >] : tf sfod u/ L Psnf} 6L gfd;f/ L ul/ kfpF egL ldlt @)*).)$.!* df dfu bfjL u/ ] sf] x'Fbf sf] xL s;} sf] xs nfUg] eP k|df0f ;lxt xsbfjL ug{ cfpg'x'g of] ;"rgf k|sflzt ul/ Psf] 5 .

3f]/fxL, bfª -3f]/fxLsf] t'n;Lk'/rf]s dx/f k]6«f]n kDkaf6 leqhfg] uNnLdf_

sd{rf/L t'?Gt cfjZostf M Lab Assistant -dlxnf ! hgf_

sfuhft x/fPsf] ;"rgf † ljb] z cWoog ug{ hfFbf lzIff dGqfnon] lbg] d] / f] lgDg Aoxf] / fsf] gf] cAh] Szg n] 6/ ldlt @)*) ;fpg !& ut] sf lbg afnfk'/ af6 t'n;Lk'/ tkm{ hf“Fb} ubf{ x/ fPsf] x'“Fbf km] nf kfg'{x'g] dxfg'efjn] glhssf] k|x/ L sfof{no jf lgDg 7] ufgfdf ;Dks{ ul/ lbg'xf] nf . gfd M ;GbLk lu/L kq g+= M &&&$^ / &&&$& 7]ufgf M b+uLz/0f–%, bfª ;Dks{ g+= M (*)*^&^)$^

CMYK

@)*) ;fn ;fpg @@ ut] ;f]djf/ (Aug. 7, 2023)

bfª lhNnf x'nfs b g+= #÷)%%–)%^

sf/ b'36{gfdf 5hgfsf] d[To' q s'df/ >] i7 af“s] , @! ;fpg . ef/ tsf] >fj: tLdf ePsf] sf/ b'3{6gfdf g] kfnu~hsf 5hgfsf] d[To' ePsf] 5 . g] kfnu~hsf] lqe'jgrf] sdf / x] sf] 38L k;n P;s'df/ jfrsf ;~rfns ;Gtf] ifs'df/ u'Ktfsf 5f] / f lgnfG; u'Ktf / 5f] / L ;'lgtf u'Ktf, xl/ cf] d d] l8sn : 6f] / sf ;~rfns lbg] z u'Ktfsf 5f] / f a} ej u'Ktf, a'xf/ L lbkLsf u'Ktf, gfltgL 8Nn' u'Ktf / >] of u'Ktfsf] sf/ b'3{6gfdf d[To' ePsf] 5 . sf/ df hf“bf ;Gtf] ifs'df/ u'KtfsL >LdtL klg dfOt uPsL lyOg\ . an/ fdk'/ df / x] sf] dfOtLdf a'jf lj/ fdL ePsfn] pgL ToxL+ / f] lsPsL lyOg\ . a} ej u'Ktf >LdtL lbkLsf / aRrf lng uPsf lyP . ;;'/ fnLaf6 >LdtL / b'O{ aRrfnfO{ lnP/ kmls{bf an/ fdk'/ af6 lgnfG; / ;'lgtf r9] sf lyP . ef8fdf lnOPsf] o'kL $& 8An' !@!& gDa/ sf] sf/ df kmls{/ x] sf pgLx? >fj: tL lhNnfsf] Osf} gf glhs b'3{6gfdf k/ ] sf lyP . 5f8f kz'nfO{ arfpg vf] Hbf glhssf] ?vdf 7f] lSsP/ sf/ ;8s tnsf] kfgLdf 8'a] sf] lyof]   . sf/ sf rfns uDeL/ 3fOt] / x] sf 5g\ . s;f}wg j} Zo ;dfhsf cWoIf gGbnfn j} Zo;lxtsf] 6f] nL zj lng ef/ t uPsf] 5 . j} Zon] b'O{ j6f uf8Ldf 5hgfsf] zj

/ fv] / Nofp“b} u/ ] sf] hfgsf/ L lbg'eof]   . cfkmGtLsf cg';f/ , & ah] ;Dd g] kfnu~h NofOk'¥ofP/ cfOtaf/ g} a'na'lnofl: yt ;d;fg3f6df bfx;+: sf/ ug] { tof/ L ul/ Psf] 5 . sf/ b'3{6gfdf k/ ] / d[To' ePsfx? efO–efOsf 5f] / fx? x'g\ . lqe'jgrf] s glhs} k'/ fgf] 38L k;n / x] sf lgnfG; PSnf] 5f] / f / ;'lgtf PSnf] 5f] / L lyOg\ . zlgaf/ / flt b'3{6gf ePsf] va/ kfPnuQ} lqe'jgrf] ssf afl;Gbf zf] sdf

8'a] sf 5g\ . P;s'df/ jfr ;] G6/ glhs} s] xL jif{cl3 x] dsf/ kl/ jf/ sf 5hgfnfO{ c1ft ;d"xn] xTof u/ ] sf] lyof]   . ;8s jfl/ / kfl/ s] xL jif{sf] cGt/ df 7"nf] zf] sdf k/ ] sf] 5 . ;LdfjtL{ ahf/ ?k} l8xfb] lv ax/ fOr hf“bf af6f] / fd|f] ePsfn] uf8L ult tLa| x'g] ub{5 . of] ?6df 5f8f kz'sf] laulauL g} / x] sf] 5 . oxL ;8sdf s] xL jif{cl3 g] kfnu~hsf d'gGa/ cln;lxtsf] b'3{6gfdf k/ ] / d[To' ePsf] lyof]   .

k|b]z / :yfgLoaLr b"/L a9\bf sfg'g sfof{Gjogdf ;d:of M ;efd'v 3tL{ du/ o'uaf] w ;dfrf/ bftf a'6jn, @! ;fpg . n'lDagL k|b] zsf ;efd'v t'nf/ fd 3tL{ du/ n] : yfgLo ;/ sf/ / k|b] z;efaLr ;dGjo cefjdf lgdf{0f ePsf sfg'g sfof{Gjog x'g g;s] sf] atfpg'ePsf] 5\ . k|b] z;efaf6 lgdf{0f ePsf sfg'g tyf : yfgLo ;/ sf/ n] lgdf{0f u/ ] sf sfg'gx? Ps csf{df aflemg] u/ ] sf] ;d] t pNn] v ug'{eof]   . n'lDagL k|b] zsf ;efd'v 3tL{ du/ n] k|b] z;ef / : yfgLo ;/ sf/ aLrsf] ;dGjosf nflu n'lDagLdf k|b] z;efn] ;~rfng ug{ nfu] sf] …: yfgLo ;/ sf/ ;“u k|b] z;efÚ sfo{qmdaf/ ] cfOtaf/ a'6jndf ;~rf/ sdL{x?;“u 5kmnkmnsf qmddf ;efd'v 3tL{ du/ n] k|b] z;efn] lgdf{0f u/ ] sf sfg'gx?sf af/ ] df sltko kflnsfx?nfO{ hfgsf/ L g} gePsf] pbfx/ 0fx? k|: t't ug'{eof]   . ;efd'v 3tL{ du/ n] : yfgLo ;/ sf/ n] k|b] z;efnfO{ lrGg g;s] sf] n] : yfgLotxnfO{ k|b] z;efsf] dxTj /

k|efjsfl/ tfaf/ ] hfgsf/ L u/ fpg h?/ L / x] sf] atfpg'eof]   . ;/ sf/ n] jh] 6sf] Joj: yf ug] { ePsfn] : yfgLotxn] k|b] z ;/ sfnfO{ lrGg] / k|b] z;ef;“usf] ;DfGjo gx'“bf ;d: of b] vfk/ ] sf] atfpg'eof]   . k|b] z;ef / : yfgLo ;/ sf/ aLr t'ngfTds cWoog ug] { ;+oGqsf] cefj / x] sf] pNn] v ub} n'lDagL k|b] z;efdf ;a} eGbf a9L sfg'g lgdf{0f eP klg sfof{Gjogsf] kf6f] eg] sdhf] / / x] sf] pxf“n] : jLsf/ ug'{eof]   . : yfgLo ;/ sf/ / k|b] zaLr clwsf/ af“8kmf“8sf ljifodf ;dGjo cefjn] dte] b x'g] u/ ] sf] ;efd'v 3tL{

du/ n] atfpg'eof]   . sltko kflnsfx?n] k|b] z;“u aflemg] sfg'g lgdf{0f u/ ] sf, sltkodf sfg'g g} lgdf{0f x'g g;s] sf] tyf sfg'g lgdf{0f ePsf : yfgLo ;/ sf/ n] ;d] t sfof{Gjog ug{ g;s] sf] cj: yf cGTosf nflu …: yfgLo ;/ sf/ ;“u k|b] z;efÚ sfo{qmd nfu' ug{ nfluPsf] atfpg'eof]  . o; sfo{qmddfkm{t k|b] zsf Ps ;o gf} j6} kflnsf / k|b] z;efaLr ;dGjo x'g] u/ L sfg'g lgdf{0f / sfof{Gjogsf ljifodf 5nkmn ul/ g] pxf“n] atfpg'eof]   . : yfgLo ;/sf/ ;“u k|b]z;ef / k|b] z ;/ sf/ sf] ;dGjo x'g g;Sbf ;+3Lotfsf] cf} lrTodfly g} k|Zg p7\g] u/ ] sf] 5nkmndf ;xefuL ;~rf/ sdL{x?n] atfPsf lyP . k|b] z;ef cfkm} n] lgdf{0f u/ ] sf sfg'g sfof{Gjogdf ;/ sf/ nfO{ lhDd] jf/ agfpg'kg] {df hf] 8 lbPsf lyP . k|To] If ;/ f] sf/ / fVg] / ;DalGwt ;d'bfo jf kIfnfO{ ;xefuL gagfO{ lgdf{0f ul/ Psf sfg'g sfof{Gjogdf ;d: of cfpg] u/ ] sf] ;~rf/ sdL{x?n] l6Kk0fL u/ ] sf lyP .

k|wfgdGqLsf] rLg e|d0f ;]K6]Da/ t];|f] ;ftf k"j{k|wfgdGqLdfly==== sf7df8f+} , @! ;fpg -o';_– k|wfgdGqL k'iksdn bfxfn k|r08n] cfufdL ;] K6] Da/ t] ;|f] ;ftf l5d] sL d'n's rLgsf] e|d0f ug{'x'g] ePsf] 5 . k/ / fi6«dGqL PgkL ;fpbn] cfOtaf/ k|wfgdGqL bfxfnn] ;] K6] Da/ sf] t] ;|f] ÷rf} yf] ;ftf rLgsf] e|d0f ug{'x'g] hfgsf/ L lbg'eof]  . k|x/ L rf/ Llqs k|df0fkqnfO{ k"0f{?kdf cgnfOg dfWodaf6 k|df0fLs/ 0f ug{] sfo{sf] z'ef/ De sfo{qmddf dGqL ;fpbn] eGg'eof] – …xfdL To;sf] tof/ L cj: yfdf 5f} + .Ú pxf“n] jt{dfg ;/ sf/ ;b} j l5d] sL tyf ldq/ fi6«;“u ;'dw'/ ;DaGw agfpg] / lg/ Gt/ tf lbg] kIfdf / x] sf] : ki6 kfg{'eof]   . k|wfgdGqL bfxfnsf] ef/ t e|d0f pknlAwd"ns ePsf] pNn] v ub{} dGqL ;fpbn] cGt/ f{li6«o ;DaGw k/ : k/ / fli6«o lxt / : jfy{sf cfwf/ df cl3 a9fp“bf g} d'n's / hgtfsf] lxt x'g] pNn] v ub{} ljb] z gLltsf ;DaGwdf ;a} kf6L{ / kIfaLr ;xdlt x'g'kg{] wf/ 0ff JoQm ug{'eof]  .

hUuf JolQmsf gfddf n} hfg @)^^÷^& / @)^( df tTsfnLg k|wfgdGqLx¿ dfwjs'df/ g] kfn / afa'/ fd e§/ fO{dfly cg';Gwfg ug{ af6f] v'n] sf] xf]   . nlntf lgjf; k|s/ 0fdf b'O{ k"j{k|wfgdGqL dfwjs'df/ g] kfn / afa'/ fd e§/ fO{dfly ;+ul7t ck/ fwdf cg';Gwfg ug{ ;jf{] Rr cbfntn] cfb] z lbPsf] 5 . cbfntsf] cfOtaf/ sf] of] cfb] z;“u} g] kfn / e§/ fO{nfO{ k|x/ Lsf] s] Gb|Lo cg';Gwfg Ao"/ f] dfkm{t ;+ul7t ck/ fw / sLt{] bkmf nufP/ cg';Gwfg x'g] ePsf] xf]   . ;jf{] Rr cbfntn] lg0f{o ug{] x¿dfly cg';Gwfg ug{ eGb}

ljBfnosf] gfdfs/0f ;DaGwdf

;"rgf k|sflzt ldlt @)*).)$.@@ lj=;+= @)!* ;fndf :yfkgf ePsf] P]ltxfl;s k[i7e"ld af]s]sf] /fKtL ufpFkflnsf j8f g+= $ lvg}6f l:yt >L dfWolds ljBfno df}/L3f6sf] gfdn] ;~rflnt n'lDagL k|b]zsf] Big School sf ?kdf 5gf}6 eO{ ;~rfngsf] k|lqmofdf /x]sf] o; ljBfnon] xfn;Dd gfdfs/0fsf] k"0f{tf gkfPsfn] o; ljBfnosf] gfd;Fu hf]8]/ ljBfnosf] gfdfs/0f ug{ rfxg] OR5's rGbfbftf, lzIffk|]dL, ;dfh;]jL, a'l4hLjL tyf cGo lzIffk|lt cf:yfjfg JolQmx?af6 lzIff lgodfjnLsf] kl/R5]b–@& sf] lgod !%$ df Joj:yf eP adf]lhd ljBfnosf] gfd;Fu hf]8]/ ljBfnosf] gfdfs/0f ug{ rfxg] JolQmnfO{ ;'gf}nf] cj;/ k|bfg ug]{ egL o; ljBfnosf] lj=Jo=;= sf] ldlt @)*)÷)@÷#) ut]sf] lg0f{o cg';f/ ;"rgf k|sflzt ldltn] !% lbgleq ljBfnodf ;Dks{ /fVg'x'g of] ;"rgf k|sflzt ul/Psf] 5 . k|wfgfWofks

>L dfWolds ljBfno df}/L3f6

/fKtL uf=kf=–$ lvg}6f b]pv'/L, bfª ;Dks{ g+=M– )*@–$!@))#, k|=c=M– (*%&*$!#^&

b'O{==== hfgsf/ L lbOPsf] lyof]   . of] ;o lbgdf Ps ;o &% lsnf] ld6/ ;8s sfnf] kq] ePsf] , Ps ;o %) lsnf] ld6/ ;8s u|fe] n ul/ Psf] , !% j6f kSsL ;8s ;DkGg ePsf] atfOPsf] 5 . ;8s tyf k'nsf ljleGg !% j6f cfof] hgfx?sf] ax'jifL{o vl/ b u'?of] hgf : jLs[t eP/ vl/ b k|lqmof cl3 a9] sf] 5 eg] nDkL l: sg / f] usf] / f] syfdsf nflu : yfgLo tx;d] tsf] ;xsfo{df xfn;Dd $$ xhf/ kz'x?df vf] k / Ps nfv !^ xhf/ kz'x?sf] pkrf/ ul/ Psf] 5 . yk Ps nfv %) xhf/ vf] k / ^% xhf/ nfO{ pkrf/ ug{] Joj: yf ;/ sf/ n] ldnfPsf] 5 . k|b] z ;/ sf/ nodf lxl8/ x] sf] / hgtfsf] b} lgs ;d: ofx? ;dfwfg ug] { u/ L sfd eO/ x] sf] u[xdGqL ;Gtf] ifs'df/ kf08] n] atfpg'eof]  . …of] ;o lbgsf] cjlwdf k|b] z ;/ sf/ ePsf] dx;'; k|b] zjf;Ln] ug{'ePsf] 5 .Ú k|b] z ;/ sf/ n] ;fj{hlgs u/ ] sf] ;o lbg] pklAwdf d'Vou/ L of] hgfa4?kdf sfdx? cl3 a9fPsf] s'/ fnfO{ pknlAw dfg] sf] 5 . n'lDagL k|b] z ;/ sf/ u7g ePsf] ;o lbg k"/ f eP klg ;/ sf/ n] cem} k"0f{tf eg] kfpg ;ls/ x] sf] 5} g . dGqfno km'6fP/ eP klg ;/ sf/ nfO{ k"0f{tf lbg] va/ x? ;fj{hlgs eO/ x“bf ;/ sf/ n] eg] sfdsf] cfwf/ df dGqfnox? yk 36 x'g ;Sg] hgfPsf] 5 . clxn] ;Dd cg';Gwfg tNnf] txdf dfq} ;Lldt ePsf] df klg ;jf{] Rrn] c;Gt'li6 JoQm u/ ] sf] 5 . To;/ L cg';Gwfgsf qmddf lg0f{ostf{nfO{ 5f] 8\g] / sfof{Gjog ug{] tyf cx|fPsf] dfGg'kg{] kbdf / x] sfnfO{ dfq} tfGbf Gofo / / fHok|0ffnLk|lt hgtfsf] e/ f] ;f 6'6\g] cbfntsf] cfb] zdf elgPsf] 5 . pQm k|s/ 0fdf ;+nUg / x] sf] eg] / k|x/ Ln] k|qmfp u/ ] sf k"j{sd{rf/ L of] u/ fh kf} 8] nsf tkm{af6 k/ ] sf] aGbL k|ToIfLs/ 0fsf] l/ 6df ;'g'jfO ub{} ;jf{] Rrn] of] cfb] z lbPsf] xf]   .

afnL==== If] qkmndf @$ xhf/ b'O{ ;o ^# bzdnj 5 d] l6«s 6g pTkfbg ePsf] df o; jif{ !* xhf/ rf/ ;o $# x] S6/ If] qkmndf #@ xhf/ cf7 ;o *^ bzdnj gf} d] l6«s 6g t] nxg afnL pTkfbg ePsf] 5 . lxp“b] jiff{ gx'“bfsf] c;/ bnxg afnLdf klg k/ ] sf] 5 . tLg bzdnj Ps k|ltztn] bnxg afnLsf] pTkfbg 36] sf] b] lvPsf] 5 . cl3Nnf] jif{ @& xhf/ ;ft ;o !^ x] S6/ If] qkmndf tL; xhf/ rf/ ;o !$ bzdnj %* d] l6«s 6g pTkfbg ePsf] df o; jif{ @& xhf/ ;ft ;o @) x] S6/ If] qkmndf @( xhf/ rf/ ;o &( bzdnj rf/ d] l6«s 6g bnxg afnL pTkfbg ePsf] 5 . o; jif{ sfutL pTkfbg ;d] t b'O{ k|ltztn] sdL cfPsf] 5 . cl3Nnf] jif{ Ps ;o rf/ x] S6/ If] qkmndf ;ft ;o (! d] l6«s 6g pTkfbg ePsf] sfutL o; jif{ Ps ;o !) x] S6/ If] qkmndf ;ft ;o &% d] l6«s 6g pTkfbg eof]  . s] xLsf] pTkfbg a9\of] lhNnfdf s] xL afnLsf] pTkfbg eg] a9] sf] b] lvPsf] 5 . ds} , cfn', t/ sf/ L afnL, cf“k, s] / f, dx pTkfbg eg] a9] sf] s[lif 1fg s] Gb|n] hfgsf/ L lbPsf] 5 . lhNnfdf ut jif{ jiff{ sd x'“bf jif] { ds} / fd|f] eof]   . cl3Nnf] jif{ eGbf ds} kf“r bzdnj cf7 k|ltztn] a9L kmn] sf] s[lif 1fg s] Gb|n] hfgsf/ L lbPsf] 5 . cl3Nnf] jif{ @# xhf/ kf“r ;o x] S6/ If] qkmndf &# xhf/ b'O{ ;o d] l6«s 6g pTkfbg ePsf] df o; jif{ @# xhf/ cf7 ;o #% x] S6/ If] qkmndf && xhf/ rf/ ;o $^ d] l6«s 6g ds} pTkfbg ePsf] 5 . df} ;d cg's"n / If] qkmndf a[l4 x'“bf ut jif{ Ps bzdnj 5 k|ltztn] cfn' pTkfbg klg a9] sf] 5 . b'O{ xhf/ rf/ ;o &% x] S6/ If] qkmndf cl3Nnf] jif{ ## xhf/ gf} ;o *@ d] l6«s 6g pTkfbg ePsf] df o; jif{ b'O{ xhf/ kf“r ;o #% x] S6/ If] qkmndf #$ xhf/ kf“r ;o !& d] l6«s 6g cfn' pTkfbg ePsf] 5. If] qkmndf a[l4 / t/ sf/ Lsf] nflu df} ;d cg's"n x'“bf cfn' pTkfbg gf} bzdnj rf/ k|ltztn] a9] sf] 5 . 5 xhf/ kf“r ;o @# x] S6/ If] qkmndf cl3Nnf] jif{ ** xhf/ b'O{ ;o #( d] l6«s 6g pTkfbg ePsf] cfn' o; jif{ 5 xhf/ 5 ;o ^( bzdnj &) x] S6/ If] qkmndf (^ xhf/ kf“r ;o b'O{ bzdnj kf“r d] l6«s 6g pTkfbg ePsf] 5 . o; jif{ lhNnfdf cf“ksf] pTkfbg / fd|f] ePsf] 5 . o; jif{ cl3Nnf] jif{sf] t'ngfdf $@ bzdnj gf} k|ltzt a9L cf“k pTkfbg ePsf] ;/ sf/ L / ] s8{ 5 . cl3Nnf] jif{ b'O{ ;o *) x] S6/ If] qkmndf b'O{ xhf/ Ps ;o *$ d] l6«s 6g pTkfbg ePsf] df o; jif{ b'O{ ;o () x] S6/ If] qkmndf tLg xhf/ Ps ;o @) d] l6«s 6g cf“k pTkfbg ePsf] 5 . ut jif{sf] s] / f k|j4{gnufotsf sfo{qmdsf] k|efjn] s] / f nufPsf] If] qkmn a[l4 x'“bf pTkfbg / fd|f] ePsf] s[lif 1fg s] Gb|n] hgfPsf] 5 . o; jif{ cl3Nnf] jif{sf] t'ngfdf ^# k|ltztn] s] / f pTkfbg a9L ePsf] 5 . b'O{ ;o ^) x] S6/ If] qkmndf b'O{ xhf/ ;ft ;o *@ d] l6«s 6g pTkfbg ePsf] df o; jif{ rf/ ;o !) x] S6/ If] qkmndf rf/ xhf/ kf“r ;o #$ d] l6«s 6g s] / f pTkfbg ePsf] 5 . 1fg s] Gb|n] Ans ljsf; sfo{qmdsf] k|efj Pj+ df} / Lkfng ug] { s[ifs a9\bf %& bzdnj gf} k|ltztn] dx pTkfbg a9] sf] hgfPsf] 5 . cl3Nnf] jif{ !^ xhf/

kf6g dfgl;s c:ktfndf sfo{/t g;f, 6fpsf] tyf dfgl;s /f]u ljz]if1 8f= ;/f]h clwsf/L ca l;4fy{ kf]lnlSnlgs 3f]/fxL bfªdf ljleGg ;d:ofx? h:t} l l8k|];g, nfdf] ;do;Dd 6fpsf] b'lv/xg] l lgb|f gnfUg], z+sf nfUg], 8/ nfUg] l sfgdf cfjfh cfpg], Hofgdf sldnf lx8] h:tf] nfUg] l PSn} a:g], s'/f ug]{, xfF:g], dg]{ ;f]r cfpg], l lh2Lkgf, crfgs a]xf]; x'g], 5f/] /f]u l d'6' l56f] 9's9's x'g], z/L/ tyf xft v'§f kf]Ng] tyf emDemdfpg] l k|];/ a9L h:tf] x'g], vfg dg gnfUg], k]6 8'Dd eP x'g] l /S;L tyf nfu' cf}iflwsf] s'nt 5'6fpg l la:tf/fdf lk;fa km]g]{ cflb la/fdLx?n] ;dod} gfd btf{ u/fpg' xf]nf . xfdLnfO{ ;Gb]z jf xfdLnfO{ sn ug'{xf];\ . kmf]g g+= )*@–%^#&(%÷(*%&*%#*@%

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e"ldxLgnfO{ hUuf lbg gfk gS;f sfo{ z'? q a'l4 k'g ;Nofg, @! ;fpg . ;Nofgdf klxnf] k6s e"ldxLgnfO{ hUuf lbg lqj] 0fL ufp“kflnsfdf hUufsf] gfk– gS;f sfo{ z'? ePsf] 5 . lqj] 0fL ufp“kflnsfdf e"ldxLg blnt, e"ldxLg ;'s'Djf;L / cJojl: yt a;f] af; cGtu{tsf hUufx?sf] gfkgS;fsf] sfd z'? ePsf] xf]  . lqj] 0fL ufp“kflnsfsf] j8f g+= # sf] tNnf] sf/ ] af;af6 gfk gS;fsf] sfo{ z'ef/ De ul/ Psf] 5 . lqj] 0fL ufp“kflnsfleq Ps xhf/ (& hgf e"ldxLg blnt, e"ldxLg ;'s'Daf;L / cAojl: yt a;f] af;L / x] sf] / fli6«o e"ld cfof] u, lqj] 0fL ufp“kflnsf ;] jf s] Gb| k|d'v ;/ f] h af] x/ fn] hfgsf/ L lbg'eof]   . pxf“sf cg';f/ e"ldxLg blnt !& hgf, e"ldxLg ;'s'Daf;L !@ hgf / cjl: yt a;f] af;Lx? Ps xhf/ ^* hgf / x] sf 5g\ . sfo{qmddf af] Nb} ufp“kflnsfsf cWoIf lvdaxfb'/ / fjtn] / fli6«o e"ld cfof] u ;Nofg / lqj] 0fL ufp“kflnsfsf] ;dGjodf hUufsf] gfk gS;f z'? ePsf] df v'zL AoQm ug'{eof]   . cfp“bf] bz} +;Dd ufp“kflnsfleqsf ;a} j8fsf e"ldxLg tyf cJojl: yt

a;f] af;LnfO{ hUufwgL k"hf{ ljt/ 0f ul/ g] pxf“n] atfpg'eof]   . ufp“kflnsfleq / x] sf e"ldxLgx?nfO{ l5§} nfnk"hf{ ljt/ 0f u/ ] / hUufsf] dflns agfpg] pxf“sf] egfO lyof]   . cAojl: yt a;f] af; ul/ / x] sfnfO{ Jojl: yt ug{ gfk gS;fsf] sfo{df ;xof] u u/ L af: tljs e"ldxLgnfO{ hUuf lbnfpg ;xof] u ug{ pxf“n] ;a} df cg'/ f] w ug'{eof]   . o: t} / fli6«o e"ld cfof] u ;Nofgsf cWoIf jL/ axfb'/ ;] hjfnn] e"ldxLg blnt / e"ldxLg ;'s'Djf;LnfO{ k|fyldstf / fv] / sfd ul/ / x] sf] atfpg'eof]   . pxf“n] hUuf gfkhf“r sfo{kl5 jiff+} {b] lvsf] hUuf ;DaGwL ;d: of ;dfwfg x'g] ljZjf; JoQm ug'{eof]  . o: t} lhNnf ;dGjo

;ldltsf k|d'v a] nf/ fd / fjnn] lqj] 0fL ufp“kflnsfn] lhNnfd} klxnf] k6s e"ldxLgnfO{ nfnk"hf{ ljt/ 0fsf] nflu sfd z'?jft u/ ] sf] eGb} c? kflnsfn] klg tTsfn} sfdsf] yfngL ug'{kg] { atfpg'eof]  . sfo{qmdsf ;xefuLx?n] af/ Daf/ hUufwgL k"hf{ lbg] cfZjf;g dfq} lbg] t/ k"hf{ glbg] ;d: ofn] ubf{ hgtfdf lg/ fzf k} bf ePsf] eGb} tTsfn} nfnk"hf{ ljt/ 0fsf] sfd yfngL ug{ ;'emfj lbPsf lyP . sfo{qmddf gfkL sfof{no ;Nofgsf k|d'v uf] ljGb pkfWofo, lqj] 0fL ufp“kflnsfsf pkfWoIf ;Ltf v8\sf k'g, lgjt{dfg pkfWoIf s?0ff v8\sf, lgldQ k|d'v k|zf;sLo clws[t k|efts'df/ >] i7nufotsf] ;xeflutf lyof]  .

/fKtL :jf:Yo lj1fg k|lti7fgdf o'/f]nf]hL ;]jf z'? o'uaf] w ;dfrf/ bftf 3f] / fxL, @! ;fpg . / fKtL : jf: Yo lj1fg k|lti7fgdf o'/ f] nf] hL ;] jf z'? ePsf] ] 5 . o'/ f] nf] lhi6 ;h{g 8f= k|af] w / ] UdLn] ;f] ;] jf lbg] k|lti7fgsf 8] k'6L / lhi6«f/ emÍf/ nfld5fg] n] hfgsf/ L lbg'eof]   . o'/ f] nf] hL ;] jfcGtu{t lk;fa;DaGwL ;a} , k|f] i6] 8 / lduf{} nfdf ePsf] kTy/ L, lk;fasf] gnL, lkQy} nLsf] kTy/ L, c08sf] ifdf df;' knfPsf] , ;'lGgPsf] , lk;fa kf] Ng] , r'lxg] nufotsf ljleGg ;] jf la/ fdLn] k|fKt ug{ ;Sg] 5g\ . c: ktfnsf lgldQ lgb{] zs tyf Ho] i7 gful/ s / f] u ljz] if1 8f= / d] z s“8] nsf cg';f/ o'/ f] nf] hL ;] jf yk ePsf]

/ ca la/ fdLn] : yfgLo: t/ d} ;xh?kdf ljz] if1 ;] jf k|fKt ug{ ;Sg] 5g\ . o'/ f] nf] lhi6 lrlsT;s / ] UdL cfOtaf/ b] lv ;f] c: ktfndf xflh/ eO;Sg'ePsf] 5 . 8f= / ] UdL nfdf] ;dob] lv o'/ f] nf] hL ;] jf lbg yfNg'ePsf cg'ejL lrlsT;s x'g'x'G5 . 8f= / ] UdLnfO{ k|lti7fgsf lzIffWoIf 8f= j;Gt nfld5fg] , c: ktfnsf

lgldQ lgb{] zs 8f= s“8] n, ;xfos lgb{] zs 8f= PlGhlnsf sfsL{, c: ktfn k|zf;s nfld5fg] ;lxt lrlsT;s / sd{rf/ Ln] cfOtaf/ Ps sfo{qmaLr : jfut ug{'ePsf] lyof]   . To: t} Pdlhl8lkdf k|f] km] ;/ 8f= gf/ fo0fl;+x u'?ª / ;h{/ Ldf Pzf] l;o6 k|f] km] ;/ 8f ;"o{dfg u'?ªn] klg ;] jf z'? ug{'ePsf] 5 .

rf/ ;o *$ x] S6/ If] qkmn df} / L hf] gdf tLg ;o !# bzdnj Ps d] l6«s 6g pTkfbg ePsf] df o; jif{ @) xhf/ 5 ;o x] S6/ If] qkmndf rf/ ;o ($ bzdnj rf/ d] l6«s 6g dx pTkfbg ePsf] 5 . o; jif{ sf] bf] pTkfbg eg] cl3Nnf] jif{s} xf/ fxf/ Ldf ePsf] 5 . o; jif{ klg !^ x] S6/ If] qkmndf @! d] l6«s 6g sf] bf] pTkfbg ePsf] 5 . ca{ a9Lsf] lgsf;L bfªaf6 s/ f] 8f} + ?k} of“sf] tfhf t/ sf/ L, kmnkm"n, dx tyf wfg, ds} / t/ sf/ Lsf] lap lgsf;L ePsf] 5 . cfly{s jif{ @)&(÷)*) df bfªaf6 Ps ca{ !! s/ f] 8 %^ nfv (* xhf/ sf] tfhf t/ sf/ L, kmnkm"n, dx tyf wfg, ds} / t/ sf/ Lsf] lap aflx/ lgsf;L ePsf] 5 . t/ sf/ L v] tLdf kf“r ;o &% hgf Jofj;flos

s[ifsf/ f pTkflbt tfhf t/ sf/ L @)&( ;fpgb] lv @)*) c;f/ d;fGt;Dd () s/ f] 8 ** nfv %) xhf/ a/ fa/ sf] #) xhf/ b'O{ ;o (% d] l6«s 6g lhNnf aflx/ uPsf] 5 . a'6jn, dx] Gb|gu/ , ;'v] {t, g] kfnu~h, kf] v/ f, sf7df8f} +nufotsf 7fp“df t/ sf/ L lgsf;L ePsf] s[lif 1fg s] Gb|n] hfgsf/ L lbPsf] 5 . To: t} !) hgf Jofj;flos s[ifsaf6 pTkflbt cf“k tyf 8«fug k|m'6 b'O{ s/ f] 8 *% nfv a/ fa/ sf] b'O{ ;o %) d] l6«s 6g lhNnf aflx/ lgsf;L ePsf] 5 . rf/ hgf Jofj;flos s[ifs tyf ;L8 sDkgLaf6 pTkflbt wfgsf] xlb{gfy xfOla|8 ;ft bzdnj kf“r d] l6«s 6g / ^@ bzdnj b'O{ d] l6«s 6g r} t] % wfgsf] lap lhNnf aflx/ uPsf]

5 . s] Gb|n] lbPsf] hfgsf/ L cg';f/ %$ nfv ** xhf/ a/ fa/ sf] lap lhNnf aflx/ uPsf] dWo] ^@ bzdnj b'O{ d] l6«s 6g gfl;s ;L8 sDkgLn] ef/ t lgsf;L u/ ] sf] 5 . uf] vf{ l;8 sDkgLn] l;h{gf, ;Demgf, em/ gf / ;l/ tf hftsf] lh/ f] bzdnj Ps ;o #( d] l6«s 6g pTkfbg u/ L (& nfv #) xhf/ a/ fa/ sf] lhNnf aflx/ lgsf;L u/ ] sf] 5 . uf] vf{ l;8 sDkgL tyf s[ifsx¿n] / fdk'/ !) xfOla|8 hftsf] ds} sf] lap @^ d] l6«s 6g pTkfbg u/ L (* nfv *) xhf/ a/ fa/ sf] lhNnf aflx/ lgsf;L u/ ] sf 5g\ eg] lhNnfsf s[ifsx¿åf/ f pTkflbt tLg ;o () d] l6«s 6g dx !% s/ f] 8 ^) nfv a/ fa/ sf] lhNnf aflx/ lgsf;L ePsf] s[lif 1fg s] Gb|n] hfgsf/ L lbPsf] 5 .

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ljut !^ jif{b]lv u'0f:t/Lo k|fljlws lzIff k|bfg ub{} cfO/x]sf] ISO 9001:2015 Certified /fKtL Ol~hlgol/ª sn]h 3f]/fxL bfªdf z}lIfs ;q @)*)÷)*! sf] nflu lgDg sfo{qmdx?df egf{sf] nflu b/vf:t cfx\jfg ul/G5 . sfo{qmdx? M  l8Knf]df Og sDKo'6/ Ol~hlgol/ª -sDKo'6/ cf]e/l;o/_ -# jif{]_  lk|—l8Knf]df Og ;e{] -cldg_, l;len / On]lS6«sn Ol~hlgol/ª -!* dlxg]_ kmf/fd ljt/0fM @)*) c;f/ @( ut]b]lv k|j]z k/LIff M l8Knf]df Og sDKo'6/ Ol~hlgol/ªM @)*) efb| ^ ut] laxfg * ah] lk|–l8Knf]df Og ;e{], l;len / On]lS6«sn Ol~hlgol/ª M @)*) efb| ^ ut] lbpF;f] ! ah] lj:t[t hfgsf/Lsf nfluM

/fKtL Ol~hlgol/ª sn]h 3f]/fxL–!^ ;fgLcDafk'/ ;/f{, bfª kmf]g g+= )*@–%^@^)!, (*%&*#!^*$, (*%&*#%((), (*%&*#&@%%

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