२०७९ साल साउन १२ गते बिहीवार

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(Naya Yugbodh National Daily Jul 28, 2022)

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P @, aL (, PaL !, cf] tLg o'lg6 vkt ePsf] 5 . aL kf] h] l6e a9L vkt ePh: t} / Qmbfg ug] { klg aL kf] h] l6e w] / } 5g\ . ut cfly{s jif{df aL kf] h] l6e Ps xhf/ 5 ;o *^ o'lg6 / ut ;+sng ePsf] 5 .

P kf] h] l6e Ps xhf/ rf/ ;o (%, cf] kf] h] l6e Ps xhf/ b'O{ ;o (% / PaL kf] h] l6e kf“r ;o @^ o'lg6 ;+sng ePsf] / ] s8{ 5 . g] u] l6etkm{ P %, aL &, cf] !) / PaL $ o'lg6 ;+sng ePsf] 5 .

Sofn] 08/ 5} g bfªdf / Qmbfg ;+: s[ltsf] ljsf; eP klg Sofn] 08/ nfu' eg] ePsf] 5} g . h;n] ubf{ s'g} dlxgf w] / } s'g} dlxgf yf] / } / ut ;+sng x'G5 . ;+slnt / ut Ps dlxgfleq vkt x'g g;s] v] / hfg] ePsfn] Ps} k6s w] / } eGbf klg bftfx?aLr Sofn] G8/ nfu' ug{ ;s] ;xh x'g] ;/ f] sf/ jfnfx?n] atfPsf 5g\ . cfkm" v'zL / Qmbfg ug] { k|j[lQn] slxn] w] / } slxn] cefj x'g] cj: yf / x] sf] / Qm;~rf/ s] Gb| 3f] / fxLsf k|d'v lbnLk Gof} kfg] n] atfpg'eof] . …k|foM hf8f] dlxgf d+l;/ , k';df / Qmbfg w] / } x'G5 t/ af“sL # k]hdf:

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P;=O=O= k/LIff @)&* df ;lDdlnt eO{ lhNnfd} pTs[i6 glthf Nofpg ;kmn ;Dk"0f{ ljBfyL{ efOalxgLx?nfO{ xflb{s awfO{ tyf z}lIfs ;kmntfsf] z'esfdgf JoQm ub{5f}+ .

bDktL xTofdf ;+nUg b'O{hgf k]:tf]n;lxt kqmfp q s'df/ >] i7 af“s] , !! ;fpg . af“s] sf] xnk'/ sf s[i0f u8l/ of bDktLsf] xTof ug] { b'O{hgfnfO{ k|x/ Ln] k] : tf] n;lxt kqmfp u/ ] sf] 5 . bfO ljho / efph' / ] vfsf] of] hgfdf sf] xnk'/ gu/ kflnsf j8f g+= !$ cf] 9f/ k'/ sf s[i0f u8l/ of / c~hnL u8l/ ofsf] xTof ePsf] lyof] . xTofdf ;+nUg g] kfnu~h pkdxfgu/ kflnsf j8f g+= !( sf / fhg ;f] gs/ / g] kfnu~h pkdxfgu/ kflnsf j8f g+= !* sf ;lsn cln z] ifnfO{ k|x/ Ln] k] : tf] n / rf/ / fp08 uf] nL;lxt kqmfp u/ ] sf] xf] . ljho / / ] vfn] / fhg / ;lsnnfO{ %) xhf/ ?k} of lbP/ efO s[i0f / a'xf/ L c~hnLsf] xTof ug{ nufPsf lyP . ljhon] k|x/ LnfO{ atfP cg';f/ efO / a'xf/ Lsf] xTof ug{ b'O{hgf ef/ tLonfO{ Ps nfv ?k} of“ lbOPsf] lyof] . ef/ tLon] wf] sf lbPkl5 g] kfnu~hs} / fhg / ;lsnnfO{ k|of] u ul/ Psf] lyof] . ljho bDktLn] z'?df b'O{hgf ef/ tLonfO{ k|of] u u/ ] / s[i0f / c~hnLsf] xTof u/ fPsf] aofg lbPsf lyP .

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lzlz/ /]UdL 3.80 -A+_

lt;{gf kf]v|]n 3.70 -A+_

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k/ LIffyL{ @)&% ;fndf !!=!# k|ltzt / x] sfdf of] jif{ *=$ dfq / x] sf 5g\ . o;eGbf tnsf] hLkLP Nofpg] k/ LIffyL{ eg] @)&% ;fndf eGbf a9L 5 . @=* b] lv #=@ hLkLP Nofpg] k/ LIffyL{ @)&% ;fndf !#=** k|ltzt / x] sfdf clxn] !$=!) k|ltzt / x] sf 5g\ .

To: t} @=$ b] lv @=* hLkLP Nofpg] k/ LIffyL{ @)&% ;fndf !^=^& k|ltzt / x] sfdf @)&* ;fndf !*=#! k|ltzt / x] sf] 5 . @ b] lv @=$ hLkLP Nofpg] x? @)&% ;fndf @!=#* k|ltzt / x] sfdf @)&* ;fndf @@=&$ k|ltzt / x] sf] / fli6«o k/ LIff af] 8{sf] tYof+s 5 . / fli6«o k/ LIff af] 8{sf cWoIf dxf>d zdf{n] sf] le8–!( dxfdf/ Lsf sf/ 0f ljBfyL{sf] l;sfOdf c;/ u/ ] sfn] dflyNnf] hLkLP Nofpg] x? 36] sf] x'g;Sg] atfpg'eof] . / fli6«o k/ LIff af] 8{n] s'n kf“r nfv !$ xhf/ ;ft ;o ^) hgf ljBfyL{n] of] jif{ b] ze/ sf @& ;o k/ LIff s] Gb|af6 k/ LIff lbPsf lyP .

bLk]z cfrfo{ 3.65 -A+_

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ljhof e';fn 3.61 -A+_

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3.50 -A_

3.25 -A_

3.40 -A_

3.21 -A_

;f}/e l/hfn 3.10 -B+_

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3.50 -A_

3.45 -A_

3.45 -A_

3.45 -A_

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kl5 pgLx?n] / fhg / ;lsnn] xTof u/ ] sf] v'nfPsf lyP . pgLx?sf] aofgs} cfwf/ df k|x/ Ln] d+unaf/ / flt / fhg / ;lsnnfO{ k] : tf] n / rf/ / fp08 uf] nL;lxt kqmfp u/ ] sf] af“s] k|x/ L k|jQmf l8P;kL dw';"bg Gof} kfg] n] hfgsf/ L lbg'eof] . 3/ df ;'lt/ x] sf s[i0f / c~hnLnfO{ / fhg / ;lsnn] Ps / fp08 kmfo/ u/ L t;f{P/ pgLx?nfO{ 3f“6L lyr] / xTof u/ ] sf lyP . / fhg / ;lsnn] xTof u/ ] / lg: s] kl5 ljho / / ] vfn] efO s[i0fsf] gf8L sf6\g'sf ;fy} a'xf/ L c~hnLsf] 3f“6Ldf 8f] / L / flvlbPsf lyP . k|x/ Ln] cem} s] xL s'/ f aflemPsfn] cg';Gwfg eO/ x] sf] atfPsf] 5 . bfO / efOsf] dgd'6fj / ;DklQ klg xTofdf hf] l8Psf] 5 . af“s] k|x/ L k|jQmf l8P;kL Gof} kfg] n] / fhg / ;lsnsf af/ ] df l86] n cg';Gwfg ul/ / x] sf] hfgsf/ L lbg'eof] . …pgLx? klxnf klg ck/ fwdf ;+nUg lyP ls lyPgg\, xfdLn] l86] n cg';Gwfg ul/ / x] sf 5f} +Ú– k|jQmf Gof} kfg] n] eGg'eof] – pgLx?;“u k] : tf] n / uf] nL klg a/ fdb ePsfn] cg';Gwfg ul/ / x] sf 5f} + .Ú

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3.40 -A_

rfFbgL yfkf lhlkP #=%)

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3.55 -A_

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3f] / fxL, !! ;fpg -o';_– g] kfnL sf+u|] ; If] q g+= @ k|b] z -s_ n] : yfgLo lgjf{rgaf6 lgjf{lrt hgk|ltlglw / g] kfnL sf+u|] ;sf cu|h g] tfx?aLr cGt lqm{of ug] { ePsf] 5 . k|b] z;ef If] qsf] a'waf/ 3f] / fxLdf a;] sf] a} 7sn] g] kfnL sf+u|] ;sf cu|h g] tfx? / hgk|ltlglwx?aLr 3f] / fxL pkdxfgu/ kflnsf / a+unfr'nL ufFp“kflnsfdf sfo{qmd ug] { lg0f{o u/ ] sf] xf] . 3f] / fxL pkdxfgu/ kflnsfdf ;fpg @% ut] / a+unfr'nL ufp“kflnsfdf ;fpg @* ut] sfo{qmd ug] { lg0f{o ul/ Psf] 5 . g] kfnL sf+u|] ; If] q g+= @ k|b] z -s_ sf ;efklt k|sfz >] i7sf] cWoIftfdf a;] sf] a} 7sn] sfo{;ldltdf dgf] gLt ;b: o, cfdlGqt ;b: o / If] qLo k|ltlglw Pj+ 3f] / fxL vfg] kfgL pkef] Qmf tyf ;/ ;kmfO ;+: yfdf ljhoL sfo{;ldltsf ;b: ox? sf] iffWoIfdf ljhoL w|'j s] ;L / ;b: odf ljhoL ozf] bf kf08] nfO{ : jfut ;Ddfg u/ ] sf] lyof] . a} 7sn] cfufdL dlxgfsf] 3'DtL a} 7s ebf} !! ut] 3f] / fxL pkdxfgu/ kflnsf j8f g+= !* df a: g] lg0f{o u/ ] sf] ;lrj dfof kf] v|] nn] hfgsf/ L lbg'eof] . a} 7sdf g] kfnL sf+u|] ; n'lDagL k|b] z pk;efklt / fh' vgfn, g] kfnL sf+u|] ; If] q g+= @ sf ;efklt eLdk|sfz v8\sfsf] pkl: ylt lyof] .

ndxL, 3f] / fxL / t'n;Lk'/ df g] kfn / ] 8qm; ;f] ;fO6Ln] ;~rfng u/ ] sf] / Qm;~rf/ s] Gb|dfkm{t / Qmbfg / lj/ fdLnfO{ pknJw u/ fpg] sfd eO/ x] sf] 5 . / Qm;~rf/ s] Gb| 3f] / fxLaf6 b'O{ xhf/ ;ft ;o &% o'lg6, ndxLaf6 Ps xhf/ ^$ o'lg6 / t'n;Lk'/ af6 Ps xhf/ b'O{ ;o !# o'lg6 / ut la/ fdLnfO{ pknJw u/ fOPsf] 5 . ;a} eGbf w] / } ;'Ts] / Lsf nflu b'O{ ;o o'lg6, lduf{} nf 8fonfl;;sf nflu Ps ;o %) o'lg6, l;sn;] n Pg] ldofsf la/ fdLnfO{ %) o'lg6, yfN;] ldofsf la/ fdLnfO{ #) o'lg6 / cGo ljleGg la/ fdLsf nflu Ps ;o o'lg6sf] xf/ fxf/ Ldf dfl;s ?kdf vkt x'g] u/ ] sf] / Qm;~rf/ s] Gb| 3f] / fxLn] hgfPsf] 5 . aL kf] h] l6esf w] / } bfª lhNnfdf aL kf] h] l6e u|'k / utsf] dfu a9L 5 . / Qm;~rf/ s] Gb|n] lbPsf] hfgsf/ L cg';f/ ut cfly{s jif{df Ps xhf/ 5 ;o ^& o'lg6 / ut aL kf] h] l6e vkt ePsf] 5 . bfª lhNnfdf P kf] h] l6e Ps xhf/ rf/ ;o (), PaL kf] h] l6e kf“r ;o / cf] kf] h] l6e Ps xhf/ tLg ;o (% o'lg6 vkt ePsf] 5 . g] u] l6etkm{

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www.nayayougbodh.com

x]d/fh zdf{ cWoIf ;~rfns ;ldlt Pj+

3.40 -A_

3.21 -A_

dx]z sfnfyf]sL 3.10 -B+_

3.40 -A_

3.15 -B+_

cfsfz rf}w/L 3.05 -B+_

o'j/fh yklnof cWoIf lj=Jo=;=

3.35 -A_

3.15 -B+_

3.25 -A_

3.15 -B+_

;Ifd clwsf/L 2.90 -B+_

a'l4/fh clwsf/L lk|lG;kn

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(July 28, 2022)

www.nayayougbodh.com

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n'lDagL k|b]zsf] /fhwfgLn] /f]h]sf] cleofg jfds]Gb|sf] lgdf{0f ;DaGwL ljdz{sf] cf}lrTo g] kfndf jfdkGyLx?sf] u7aGwg, Pstf tyf Pp6f ;dfhjfbL s] Gb|sf] lgdf{0fsf ljifodf km] l/ ljdz{ z'? ePsf] 5 . lgZro g} of] ;sf/ fTds s'/ f xf] . of] ljdz{sf] nIo >dhLjL ju{b[li6sf] 0f / slDtdf klg jfdkGyL gLlt sfo{qmdk|lt s] lGb|t x'g h?/ L 5 . t/ cfkm\gf] ju{b[li6sf] 0f / juL{o w/ ftnaf6 knfog x'Fb} uPsf g] kfnsf jfd kf6L{x?n] jfdkGyL / fhgLltsf] k'g: yf{kgf / k'gu{7gdf Wofg k'¥ofpF5g\ ls k'¥ofpFb} gg\ < of] Pp6f dxTjk"0f{ tyf ljrf/ 0fLo s'/ f xf] . oxL s'/ fn] g} of] ljdz{sf] cf} lrTo k'li6 x'g] 5 . ljrf/ / nIosf cfwf/ df jfdx?sf] slDtdf klg sfo{ut Pstf cfhsf] cfjZostf xf] . g] kfnsf] sDo'lgi6 cfGbf] ng s] xL j} rfl/ s / s] xL JolQmut 6s/ fjsf sf/ 0f k6s–k6s km"6 / ljefhgsf] lzsf/ x'Fb} cfPsf] tYo Oltxf; af] N5 . km"6 / ljefhgsf cnfjf g] kfnL sDo'lgi6 cfGbf] ngdf jfdkGyLx?sf] ;+o'Qm jfddf] rf{ / ;+o'Qm jfd cfGbf] ngsf] klg P] ltxfl;s dxTj / x] sf] 5 . lj=;= @)$^ df k~rfotL tfgfzfxL Joj: yfsf lj?4df u7g ePsf] ;+o'Qm jfddf] rf{ / ;+o\'Qm / fli6«o hgcfGbf] ng tyf lj=;+= @)$* kZrft g] kfnL sf+u|] ;sf] ck|hftflGqs z} nL, clg : j] R5frfl/ tfsf lj?4df p7] sf] gf} jfdsf] cfGbf] ngn] P] ltxfl;s dxTj / fVb5g\ . Tolta] nf;Dd g] kfnL sDo'lgi6 cfGbf] ngsf 36sx?df s] xL jfdkGyL rl/ q / d"Nox? ljBdfg lyP . g] kfnsf sDo'lgi6 kf6L{x?n] / fli6«otf, hgtGq / ls;fg dhb'/ x?sf ;d: ofsf ljifodf cfjfh a'nGb ub{y] . h;sf] kl/ 0ffd g] kfnL hgtfdf sDo'lgi6 kf6L{x? ;dfhsf] tNnf] txsf hgtfsf kf6L{ x'g\ eGg] ljZjf; sfod eof] . o;} sf] kl/ 0ffd g] kfnL jfdkGyLx?n] ;+;bLo lgjf{rgdf ;kmntf k|fKt ub} { uP . To;kl5 ltgLx? ;+;bLo ;'ljwf / ;Qf / fhgLltsf] v] ndf efu lng yfn] . To;kl5 ltgLx?nfO{ ;+;bn] lgNb} hfg yfNof] . To;kZrft t ltgLx?df jfdkGyL rl/ qdf d"Nolj36gsf] ofqf tLa|?kn] cufl8 a9] sf] b] lvG5 . o;/ L sDo'lgi6 kf6L{sf g] tfx? clehftju{df kl/ 0ft ePkl5 ls;fg, dhb'/ / cfd >lds hgtfsf ;d: ofx? jfd cfGbf] ngsf] / fhgLltdf x/ fpFb} hfg yfn] . g] kfnL sDo'lgi6 cfGbf] ngsf] d"nwf/ df jfd / fhgLlts cfbz{df x|f; cfPkl5 ;Qf / fhgLltsf] : jfy{df sDo'lgi6 kf6L{x?n] cfk;df dNn o'4 ug] { / j'h'{jf kf6L{sf] g] t[Tjdf ;Qf u7aGwg sfod ug{ yfn] . cfh km] l/ b] zdf jfd Pstf jf jfd u7aGwgsf] rrf{ x'g yfn] sf] b] lvG5 . jfd Pstf jf jfd u7aGwg r'gfjL / 0fgLltsf lgldQ dfq xf] ls jfd / fhgLlts cfbz{ / d"Nox?sf] k'g: yf{kgfsf lgldQ klg xf] < of] cfhsf] d"n k|Zg xf] . jfd PstfnfO{ s] Gb|Lo k|Zg agfP/ r'gfjdf hfFbf g] kfnL hgtfn] em08} b'O{ ltxfO{ dt lbP/ Psnf} 6L ;/ sf/ agfpg] x} l;ot k|bfg u/ ] sf lyP . t/ sDo'lgi6x?sf] Psdgf ;/ sf/ n] Pp6f Go"gtd jfdkGyL gLlt tyf sfo{qmd;Dd Nofpg ;s] g . sDo''lgi6 ;/ sf/ sf] gLlt sfo{qmd tyf ah] 6 gjpbf/ jfbL cfly{s l;4fGtsf] nf} / f] 6] s] / cfof] . ;Qfl;g sDo'lgi6 kf6L{ u'6ut : jfy{df dfq km;] g ;/ sf/ sf] g] t[Tjn] b'O{ k6s ;+;b lj36gsf] c;+j} wflgs ‘s"’ sf] cEof; u/ ] / jfd cfGbf] ngsf] Pstfdf ;d] t uDeL/ ;d: of / ;+s6 k} bf u/ fPsf] lyof] . df] gf] / ] n, 3/ –3/ df UofF; kfOk, kfgL hxfhh: tf ljsf;sf cfsfz] ukmx? eP t/ cfTdlge{/ cy{tGq, / fli6«o pTkfbg h: tf hgtfsf cfwf/ e"t ;d: of ;dfwfg ug] { jf hgtfsf] hLjg k4lt km] g] { sfo{qmd Nofpg] sfd ePg . jfd u7aGwg ug{{] , lgjf{rgdf ;kmntf k|fKt ug] { / oxL 9/ f{sf] / fHo ;~rfngsf] ljlw cFufNg] xf] eg] To: tf] jfd Pstf / u7aGwgsf] vf;} 7"nf] cf} lrTo b] lvb} g . To: tf] t g] kfnL hgtfn] Joxf] / L ;s] sf 5g\ . To;sf/ 0f cfhsf] jfd Pstf jf jfd u7aGwgsf] nIo jfdkGyL / fhgLlts cfbz{ / d"Nox?sf] k'g: yf{kgfsf] lbzfdf d"n?kdf s] lGb|t ePdf dfq of] k|oTgsf] ;fy{stf / xg] 5 . lat] sf s] xL bzsb] lv g] kfnL sDo'lgi6 cfGbf] ngsf] g] t[Tj txsf] 7"n} lx: ;f bnfn tyf gf] s/ zfxL k"FhLklt ju{sf] ulx / f] ;+utdf k/ ] sf] 5 . Tof] lx: ;fn] qmflGtsf] dfu{ 5f] 8\g] dfq xf] Og qmflGtsf/ L cfGbf] ngsf d"Nox?nfO{ pkxf;sf] ljifo agfPsf] klg b] lvG5 . sDo'lgi6 kf6L{sf ljleGg 36sdf / x] sf qmflGtsf/ L ljrf/ / fVg] x?nfO{ sdhf] / , lg?kfo / xtf; agfpg] k|oTg eO/ x] sf] kfOG5 . cfh g] kfnL / fhgLltsf] jfd cfGbf] ngsf] lzlj/ df jfd Pstf jf jfd u7aGwgsf] rrf{ / cEof; ;Fu;Fu} jfd cfGbf] ngsf] j} rfl/ s, ;} 4flGts, ;f+: s[lts / Jojxfl/ s ?kfGt/ 0fsf] cf} lrTo / cfjZostfsf] ljifodf klg k|fl1s ljdz{ eO/ x] sf] 5 . of] . ;sf/ fTds s'/ f xf] . of] ljdz{nfO{ ;r] tg 9+un] cufl8 a9fpg h?/ L 5 . jfdkGyL rl/ q, g} ltstf / cfbz{ u'dfPsf ljZjsf s} og b] zsf sDo'lgi6 kf6L{x? l;+u} qmflGtsf/ L ljrf/ / Jojxf/ df ?kfGt/ 0f ePsf 36gfx? Oltxf;df kfO“b} gg\ . t/ To;leq / x] sf qmflGtsf/ Lx?n] gofF ;f] r, lrGtg / cfbz{sf ;fy j} rfl/ s ?kdf k'gu{l7t u/ fP/ sDo'lgi6 cfGbf] ngnfO{ 7Ls lbzfdf cufl8 a9fPsf pbfx/ 0fx? 5g\ . To;sf/ 0f g] kfndf klg sDo'lgi6 cfGbf] ngnfO{ jfd / fhgLltsf] cfbz{ / d"Nosf] hudf k'gu{7g ug{'kg] { cfjZostf 5 . jfd Pstf jf k'gu{7gsf] dxTj Pp6f 7"nf] x'nsf] lgdf{0f ug] { s'/ fl;t dfq ;DalGwt 5} g . jfdkGyL / fhgLltsf] k'gu{7g ug] { s'/ fl;t klg ;DalGwt x'g'kb{5 . jfd Pstf jf k'gu{7gsf nIo hg;d"xsf] c/ fhs eL8 hDdf ug] { / r'gfj lhTg] lbzfdf dfq s] lGb|t eof] clg ljrf/ sf] k|ZgnfO{ dxTjxLg agfOof] eg] Tof] sDo'lgi6 x'08/ L dfq x'g] 5 . To: tf] x'08/ Ln] hgtfsf] xf] Og bnfn tyf gf] s/ zfxL k"FhLklt ju{sf] ;+ut ug] {5 . hgtfsf d'2fx? cf] em] ndf kg] {5g\ . To;y{ jfd u7aGwgsf] k|oTg;Fu} jfdx?sf] nIo cg'?k / fhgLltsf ljifodf klg yk ljdz{ x'g h?/ L 5 . cGoyf km] l/ klg jfd Pstf jf u7aGwgsf] cf} lrTo / xg] 5} g .

s;n] s] eg] < : jR5 lkpg] kfgL, ;/ ;kmfO tyf zx/ b] lv ufpF;Dd kmf] xf] / sf] j} 1flgs Joj: yfkgn] dfq xfd|f] ;dfhnfO{ : j: y, a: gof] Uo, ;'Gb/ / jftfj/ 0fd} qL agfpg ;S5 .

– ljBfb] jL e08f/ L -/ fi6«klt_ tYoxLg, e|fds / ;dfhdf å] if km} nfpg] jf clt/ ~hgf k} bf ug{] ;"rgfn] gful/ sdf e|d dfq l;h{gf ub{} g, o;n] kqsfl/ tfsf] d"n dd{dfly klg k|xf/ u5{ .

– z] / axfb'/ b] pjf -k|wfgdGqL_ s] Gb|n] clwsf/ 5f8] g. cf} Bf] lus If] qdf agdf/ f pld|Psf] 5 . t/ k|b] z ;/ sf/ n] x] g{] clwsf/ 5} g . s] Gb|d} clwsf/ lgxLt 5 .

– / fh] Gb| kf08] -afudtL k|b] zsf d'VodGqL_ dfcf] jfbL, PsLs[t ;dfhjfbL / h;kfn] tfnd] nsf s'/ f h;/ L p7fO/ x] sf 5g\, of] afu{] lgª ug{sf nflu xf] . xfdL g} ;a} xf} + eGg] pgLx?nfO{ nfu] sf] 5 t/ a'em\g'kg{] s'/ f s] xf] eg] g] kfnL sf+u|] ; nfh{ -7"nf] _ kf6L{ xf] .

– 8f= z] v/ sf] O/ fnf -g] kfnL sf+u|] ;sf g] tf_ cfof] un] ;Dk"0f{ Joxf] / f;lxt Ps} r/ 0fdf d+l;/ $ df k|b] z / k|ltlglw;ef ;b: osf] lgjf{rg ug{ l;kmfl/ ; ul/ ;s] sf] 5, ca dlGqkl/ ifb\n] ldlt tf] Sg afFsL xf] .

– lbg] zs'df/ yklnof -k|d'v lgjf{rg cfo'Qm_

uPsf] zlgaf/ uf] vf{ af] l8{ª : s"n / / fKtL ufp“kflnsfsf] ;+o'Qm lgdGq0ffdf n'lDagL k|b] zsf] / fhwfgL efn'afª;Dd k'Ug] df} sf h'¥of] . ljBfnon] cfof] hgf ug{ yfn] sf] k': ts ljdf] rg / 5fqf5fqfx?nfO{ cfgfkfg cEof; u/ fpg'sf ;fy} ufp“kflnsfn] cfof] hgf u/ ] sf] rl/ q lgdf{0f;DaGwL sfo{qmddf Ps} lbg efu lng kfpg' ;'vb ljifo g} eof] . gLlt, g} ltstf / rl/ q : vng eO/ fv] sf] a] nfdf o: tf] sfo{qmd / fVg'n] gof“ z'e ;+s] t 7fg] / cfsif{0f x\jfQ} a9of] . ljkZjL ;fws 6f] k] Gb|hL, gGbhL, kqsf/ uf] ljGb v8\sf / d ljxfg} ^M#) ah] Totflt/ x'l/ {of} + . af] l8{ª : s"nsf] k|f+u0fdf k'Ubf k|wfgfWofks a;Gt k'g;lxtsf lzIfs, ljBfyL{, cleefjs / 5fqf5fqfx?sf] pHofnf] cg'xf/ sf] pkl: yltdf b'O{ rf/ d} qLsf aft rn] . k|z: t} hldgdf km} lnPsf] ldtJolotf emNsfpg] ;fgf ;fgf ejgx? ;kmf ;'£3/ lrl6Ss b] lvGy] . ;do jjf{b gu/ L t'?Gt} k': ts ljdf] rglt/ nfUof} + . &, *, ( sIffsf 5fq5fqfn] l;h{gf u/ ] sf] uf] vf{ cfOl8onsf syfx? efu ! df !@ j6f syf / x] 5g\ . Pln;f s'dfnsf] kZrftfk / ljho ofqf syf ;;{tL{ d~rd} kl9 EofP“ . afnljjfxsf] b'ikl/ 0ffdn] hLjg jjf{bkl5 To;} af6 l;s] / ;] jf If] qsf] ljho ofqf lgSs} dd{: kzL{ / k|] / 0ffbfoL nfUof] . ljBfnon] cfkm\g} nufgLdf afnk|ltef k|: km'l6t / kNnljt ug{ u/ ] sf] ;Tk|of; cg's/ 0fLo nfUof] . lzIffnon] d'n'snfO{ s: tf] lzIff rflxPsf] 5 Tof] s;/ L ;j{;'ne x'g ;S5 h: tf] s'/ fsf] Vofn u/ ] df hLjgf] kof] uL, dfgjtfjfbL lzIff lbP dfq d'n's cufl8 a9\g ;S5 . ljdf] rgsf] sfo{qmd ;lsgf;fy 5fq5fqfx?nfO{ ljkZjL 6f] k] Gb|hLn] cfgfkfg cEof; u/ fpg'eof] . ;f; lng' / ;f; 5f] 8\g l;Sg'nfO{ cfgfkfg cEof; elgG5 . hLjg ;f;af6} rN5 . ;f; km] g'{ g} hLjg xf] . ;f; km] g{ 5f] 8\g' d[To' xf] . ;f; k|f0f jfo' xf] . r] tgf xf] . phf{ xf] / cfkm"tTj -cfTdtTj_ xf] . o;sf] dxTj ga'emg' cfkm"nfO{ g} ga'em\g' xf] . cfgfkfgn] cfkm" lrgfp“5 / Wofgdf lgdUg u/ fp“5 . o;af6 c;n rl/ q lgdf{0f x'G5 . sfo{qmdkZrft 5l/ tf] l56f] 9+un] vfgkfg ;s] / gjlgld{t emf] n+u] k'n x] g] { pTs07f hfUof] . af6} df !@÷!# ;fnsf d] / f k'/ fgf / fhgLlts ldq b'uf{k|;fb e';fnnfO{ e] 6\g] ;f} efUo

rl/ q lgdf{0fsf] hu zLn, ;bfrf/ , c;n afgL, Jojxf/ , ldtJooL, cuf{lgs : j: ys/ vfgkfg, ;] jfd"ns sd{ / lrGtg g} x'g\ . ;a} s'/ f b] Vbf x] bf{ ;'Gbf / fKtL ufp“kflnsfn] / fd|f] yfngL u/ ] sf] emNsf] kfOof] . o: t} cEof; cGo kflnsfx?n] , k|b] zx? / s] Gb|n] yfngL ug{ ;s] eg] qmdzM d''n's cfTdlge{/ tflt/ nDsg a] / } 5} g .

u gf/fo0fk|;fb zdf{ ldNof] . *) jif{ kf/ ul/ ;s] sf e';fnhL s] xL jif{b] lv ?U0f cj: yfdf x'g'x'G5 . pxf“ n7\7L 6] s] / 9f] sflg/ } cfOk'Ug'eof] . efj'stfn] el/ Psf] nfdf] c+sdfnkl5 jf0fL km'6\of] . nfdf] syf Joyf ;'gfpg' eof] . e';fnhL o; If] qsf] ;dfh;] jL, lzIff If] qdf ;dlk{t, zfnLg eb|JolQm x'g'x'G5 . pxf“n] ljBfnodf tg dg dfq nufpg' ePg d'Qm x: t cfly{s ;xof] u u/ ] sf] df ljBfno g} ;fIfL 5 . ca xfdL emf] n+'u] k'nlt/ xf“lSsof} + . v'/ l/ of ufp“lt/ af6 ;f] em} pQ/ af6 blIf0ftkm{ Ps ;o c7f/ ld6/ nfdf] k'ndf lx+8bf @))# ;fndf klxnf] k6s 9nkn 9nkn ub} { Hofg n] nf h: tf] sf7sf] sRrL 8+'ufdf / fKtL gbL kf/ u/ ] sf] ;Demgf eof] . 7"nf] gbL kf/ u/ ] / -5f] 6sL nlbof_ gbLsf] ;fgf] e+ufnf] v'§fn] kf/ ubf{ nufPsf] n'uf leh] sf] dfq x} g d k'6\s] n] tLg 3'6\sL kfgL lkPsf] sxf“ la;{g' < Tolt dfq xf] / , kms{bf PSn} gbL lsgf/ sf] ef;df k/ ] / em08} l;4] sf] . cfh o;} gbLdf ^ j6f k'n ag] sf] b] Vg kfp“bf oftfoftsf] ljsf;df t'ngfTds?kn] b] pv['/ L w] / } cufl8 al9;s] sf] 5 . log} ts{gf ub} { kqsf/ dx] z l/ hfnsf] cu'jfOdf xfdL cufl8 a9\b} lyof} + . xfdL cfPsf] yfxf kfP/ lgs} k'/ fgf ;xsdL{ k"j{;f+;b / lZd g] kfnLsf] cUnf] z/ L/ sf lxdfn km'Ng] bfx|L cln k/ af6} hfGg lrGg ;lhnf] . d] / f nflu of] klg uhas} ldng lyof] . of] k'nsf] lgdf{0fdf jiff} +{;Dd l;+xb/ jf/ / ;+;b wfPsf / lZdsf] / fdsxfgL ;'Gb} cufl8 a9\of} + . ;do l9KsL ;s] sf] n] nfdf] hLjgsf 5f] 6f s'/ f eP/ kflnsfsf] sfo{qmd lt/ kmls{of} + . af6} df csf{ em08} plQs} a[4, plQs} k'/ fgf ldq nfndl0f clwsf/ LnfO{ lj/ fdL cj: yfdf lj5f} gfdf e] 6L cfuf] lng cfP h: t} k|] dsf] Hof] lt lnP/ cufl8 a9\of} + .

/ fKtL ufp“kflnsfsf] l;+xb/ af/ sf] emNsf] lbg] tLg tn] gof“ ejgleq k;] / ef} lts ljsf;sf] csf] { gd"gf b] Vg] df} sf ldNof] . hgtfn] cfkm\g} ejg ;Demgnfos oxf“af6 ;] jf kfP x'“bf] xf] h: tf] nfUof] . ;fy} () k|ltzt ;DkGg ;+;b ejg x] / ] / rl/ q lgdf{0f ;DaGwL uf] i7Ldf ;fd] n eof} + . ljgf tfdemfd, lagf Jofg/ km"ndfnf;lxtsf] 5f] 6f] : g] xk"0f{ : jfut ;Tsf/ kl5 rl/ q lgdf{0fsf] rxs 5fof] . ljkZjL ;fws kflnsfsf cWoIf / lgjt{dfg cWoIf g'dfgGb ;'j]bLsf] cu'jfOdf d} n] af] Ng] cj;/ kfP“ . ;dfh;] jLx? hgk|ltlglwx? sd{rf/ Lx?n] el/ e/ fp uf] i7Ldf klxnf] k6s rl/ q lgdf{0fsf] ljifo p7fpg kfp“bf d cfkm} cfglGbt / k|km'lNnt lyP“ . ;+If] kdf d] / f] lgj] bg / x\of]– ef} lts ljsf;n] k[YjL nf] s, rGb| nf] s / d+un u|xsf] ofqf x'g yfn] klg ljZjdf czflGt, lx+;f, anfTsf/ / o'4sf] gu/ f alh/ x] sf] 5 . Oiof{, å] if, 5nsk6, 3[0ff, lt/ : sf/ 36] sf] 5} g . o;sf] pkfo Pp6} 5 Tof] xf] dxfdfgj uf} td a'4sf] zflGt, clx+;f / s?0ffsf] ;Gb] z . hxf“ k'u] klg h;sf s'/ f ;'g] klg cGofo, cTofrf/ , Jolerf/ / 56k6Lsf s'/ f ;'Gg'k5{ . a'4n] l;sfPsf] rf] vf] sdfOdf af“r d"n dGq nfu' ug] { xf] eg] l5ge/ df emu8f ;dfKt x'G5 . : jfy{sf] pGdfb vtd x'G5 . t/ cf“6 rflxof] , x'6x'6L rflxof] . sfo{qmdsf] cWoIftf ub} { kflnsfsf cWoIfn] cfkm\gf] ;f/ ule{t dGtJo dfq lbg''ePg ;d: t ;|f] tfju{nfO{ cfgfkfg cEof; u/ fpg'eof] . pxf“sf] egfO / x\of] – k|To] s lbg d} n] 3/ df o: tf] cEof; clgjfo{?kn] ug] { u/ ] sf] 5' . o;af6 : j: y z/ L/ , : j: y dg, : j: y lrGtg / sd{ ;a} : j: y eO{ cfkm"df pmhf{ ylkG5 . lgjt{dfg cWoIf g'dfgGb

;'j] bLsf] z'esfdgfkl5 uf] i7L ;dfkg eof] . n'lDagL k|b] z eGgf;fy l;4fy{ uf} tdsf] gfd hf] l8G5 . pxf“sf] rf/ cfo{;To k~rzLn, ci6f+u dfu{ , zfZjt ;To 5g\ . sfd nfUbf 5g\ . o: tf] 1fgnfO{ ga'em] ;Dd n'lDagL k|b] zsf] ljsf; x'g ufx|f] 5 . cfhsf sfo{qmdn] oxL ;Gb] z lbPsf 5g\ . cfhsf] ofqf Ps kGy cg] s sfh h: tf] eof] . ndxL cf“vf c: ktfn k'u] / ToxF“l: yt 8fS6/ nfnaxfb'/ rf} w/ Ln] d] / f] cf“vfsf] Hof] lt sdhf] / x'“b} uPsf] 7f] s'jf ub} { rZdfsf] kfj/ a9fpg ;Nnfx lbg'eof] . cg] s k6s s;} n] cf“6 gu/ ] sf] ;Nnfx kfP“ / goF“ rZdfsf] k|of] u ubf{ clns Hof] lt a9] sf] cg'ej u/ ] sf] 5' .

8fS6/ rf} w/ LnfO{ wGojfb lbb} ;Dks{ ldnfpg ;xof] u ug] { kqsf/ / fw] ZofdnfO{ wGojfb lbb} bfªlt/ nfUof} + . af6} el/ k|fb] lzs / fhwfgL af/ ] ulkmof} + . / fhwfgL g;g'{sf] d'Vo sf/ 0f kof{Kt zx/ L ;'ljwf gkfpg' g} / x] sf] a'lemof] . sf7df8f} + h: tf zx/ x?df kfOg] ;'ljwf k'¥ofpg t s] xL jif{ kv{g} k5{ . t/ gj lgdf{0fsf] a] nfdf zx/ L ;'ljwf df] x TofUg ;Sg' dxfgtf g} x'GYof] . b] zsf vflt/ Ifl0fs cK7] / f] ;xg g;Sg] ljnf;L hLjgsf] nt nfu] kl5 o: t} x'G5 . klxn] sf d'VodGqL;“u s'/ fsf] k|;+u p7] sf] rrf{ ;DemG5'– z+s/ hL kfn 6f“u] / eP klg gof“ / fhwfgL rnfpg';\ .

3f] / fxLsf] e/ tk'/ : s"nsf] : yfkgf j/ lkknsf] rf} kf/ Ldf ePsf] lyof] . klxnf] k9fO 5fk|fx?af6 z'? ePsf] lyof] . cfh ToxL : s"n eJo gd"gf ag] sf] 5 . b] zelQm, / fi6«elQm jf0fLdf x} g sd{df x'g'kYof] { . xfd|f g] tf / sd{rf/ Lx?sf] hLjg klg 5fk|faf6 z'? eP/ dxnjf;Lsf] ?kdf ?kfGtl/ t ePs} 5 . o;/ L ulkmb} 3f] / fxL cfOk'Uof} + . !@ 306f clj>fGt cfhsf] Jo: t ofqf olQs} df 6'+luof] . lgisif{df rl/ q lgdf{0fsf] hu zLn, ;bfrf/ , c;n afgL, Jojxf/ , ldtJooL, cuf{lgs : j: ys/ vfgkfg, ;] jfd"ns sd{ / lrGtg g} x'g\ . ;a} s'/ f b] Vbf x] bf{ ;'Gbf / fKtL ufp“kflnsfn] / fd|f] yfngL u/ ] sf] emNsf] kfOof] . o: t} cEof; cGo kflnsfx?n] , k|b] zx? / s] Gb|n] yfngL ug{ ;s] eg] qmdzM d''n's cfTdlge{/ tflt/ nDsg a] / } 5} g . of] pj{/ e"lddf prf] rl/ q lgdf{0f x'g dfq af“sL 5 . cfhsf] sfo{qmd pHjn eljiosf] ;+s] t xf] .

3f]/fxLdf ;8s / k]6L cltqmd0f cfw'lgs 3/ / lrNnf ;8sn] dfq ;Eo zx/ sf] kl/ ro lbb} g . zx/ ;Eo agfpg ;/ sf/ sf ;/ f] sf/ jfnf ;+oGqx?sf] s: tf] e"ldsf 5 To;df e/ kg{] s'/ f xf] . ;/ sf/ sf] e"ldsfsf] ;fy{s sfof{Gjogsf nflu zx/ af;L klg plQs} lhDd] jf/ x'g h?/ L 5 . ;/ sf/ n] o;f] u/ ] g, p;f] u/ ] g eg] / cfnf] rgf ug{] t/ cfkm" eg] ;kfg{] eGbf laufg{] lt/ nfu] kl5 xfd|f ;d: of emg kl5 emg ylkb} hfG5g\ . xfd|f] 3f] / fxLsf zx/ af;Lx? klg oxL / f] uaf6 u|l;t 5f+} .

3f] / fxLsf] ahf/ If] qdf ;8sk] 6L;lxtsf sfnf] kq] ;8s lgdf{0f ePsf 5g\ eg] sltko ;8sx? lgdf{0ffwLg 5g\ . ahf/ If] qleq kg{] ;8sx?dWo] afndlGb/ b] lv bfdf] b/ rf] s x“'b} efg'rf] s / efg'rf] saf6 6«flkms x'“b} k"j{ s6'jfvf] nf;Ddsf ;8s tof/ ePsf 5g\ . To;} u/ L : jf: Yo lj1fg k|lti7fgaf6 6] lnsd x“'b} Aof/ ] s;Ddsf] ;8s k'glg{df{0f eO;s] sf 5g\ . oL t k|ltlglwd"ns ;8s x'g\ . ahf/ If] qsf k|foM ;8s gfnL;lxt k'glg{df{0f eO;s] sf 5g\ . t/ la8Dagf xfdL zx/ af;Ln] tL ;8ssf] ;xL k|of] u ul/ / x] sf 5} gf} + . ;8s / k] 6L cltqmd0f 3f] / fxL ahf/ sf ;8sdf cfwfh;f] ;8s oftfoftsf ;fwgx?sf] kfls{ª : yn ag] sf 5g\ eg] k} bnofqL lx8\g'kg{] k] 6Ldf Aofkf/ Lx?n] ;fdfg ;hfP/ / fv] sf] b] lvG5 . bfdf] b/ rf] sb] lv efg'rf] safx] ssf k|foM ;8ssf k] 6Lx? ;8s Aofkf/ L dfq xf] Og l: y/ Aofkf/ Lx?sf] lgoGq0fdf b] lvG5 . o;n] ubf{ Aojl: yt ;8s x'“bfx“'b} klg k} bnofqLx? k] 6Laf6 lx8\g gkfPkl5 b'3{6gfsf] hf] lvd df] Nb} uf8L rNg] ;8saf6 lx8\g afWo 5g\ . k] 6Lx?df st} km"ndfnfn] st} km] G;L sk8fn] , st}

;'8s] ;, st} dd{tsf df] 6/ ;fOsnn] , st} kmlg{r/ n] st} , ls/ fgf ;fdfgn] t st} t/ sf/ L / kmnkm"nn] el/ e/ fp b] lvG5g\ . cem csf] { ljs[lt t s] a9] sf] 5 eg] cfkm\gf] k;n jf 3/ cufl8 ;8sk] 6Ldf t/ sf/ L tyf kmnkm"nsf k;n / fVg lbg] / pgLx?l;t ef8f p7fP/ vfg] u/ ] sf] kfOG5 . o: tf] s'/ f : jo+ k] 6Ldf t/ sf/ L a] Rg] x? atfp“5g\ .

To;f] t Aofkf/ Laf6 ;8sk] 6L cltqmldt ePsf] 5 eg] csf{] tkm{ ;8ssf] cfwf efu oftfoftsf ;fwgn] / f] s] sf] b] lvG5 . kl5Nnf] cj: yfdf emg c6f] l/ S;fn] ;8snfO{ c: tAo: t agfPsf 5g\ . c?sf] k;n / xf] 6n cufl8 dgnfUbL kfls{ª ul/ lbg] , aLr ;8sd} ofqL r9fpg] cf] / fNg] dfq xf] Og 6«flkms lgodsf] Go"gtd kfngf gug{] rfnsx?af6 klg ;8s cj/ f] w x'g] u/ ] sf] kfOG5 . k;nx? cufl8 df] 6/ ;fOlsn, sf/ kfls{ªsf] rfk al9/ x] sf] 5 . To;} u/ L efg'rf] sb] lv k"j{ ;lxbu] 6;Dd ofqLafxs a;sf] klg eL8 b] lvG5 o;sf] klg Aoj: yfkg h?/ L 5 . k] 6Laf6 lx8fpg] cEof;sf] vf“rf] 3f] / fxLsf] zx/ L If] qsf w] / } h;f] ;8sx? k] 6L;lxt lgdf{0f ePsf 5g\ t/ k} bnofqLx?df k] 6Laf6 lx8g] cEof; ePsf] b] lvb} g . vf; u/ ] / bfdf] b/ rf] sb] lv efg'rf] s;Ddsf] ;8sk] 6Ldf k} bnofqL k] 6Laf6 lx8] sf] b] lvP klg cGo ;8sx?df eg] k} bnofqL ;8s cj?¢ x'g] u/ L] aLr ;8sdf lx8] sf] b] lvG5 . cem df] afOndf ulkmb} , xft] dfnf] ub{} , vfg] s'/ f vf“b} dfq xf] Og, ;8sdf pleP/ 306f} s'/ fsfgL ul/ / x] sf b[Zo b] lvG5 . cl3kl5 cfkm"nfO{ lzlIft / ;Eo eGg ?rfpg] x?;d] t ;8sdf lx8\bf cfkm\gf] x} l;ot lal;{lbG5g\ .

3f] / fxLsf] Ao: tdWo] Pp6f xf]

afndlGb/b] lv lgdfxn;Dd / csf{] xf] efg'rf] sb] lv 6«flkms;Dd . efg'rf] sb] lv s6'jfvf] nf k'n;Dd kmf] /n]g ;8s tLg jif{ cl3 g} lgdf{0f eO;s] sf] 5 t/ p2] Zocg'?k ;8sdf uf8L rnfOPsf] 5} g . k] 6L lgdf{0f eO;s] sf] of] ;8sdf g k} bnofqL k] 6Laf6 lx8\5g\ g t uf8Ln] kmf] / n]g ;8s k|of] u u5{g\ . o; ljifodf lhDd] jf/ lgsfo df} g b] lvPsf] 5 . o;} u/ L afndlGb/ b] lv lgdfxn;Ddsf] ;8sdf klg k} bnofqLn] ;8s cj?¢ u/ ] sf sf/ 0f oftfoftsf ;fwg rnfpg ;d: of k/ ] sf] 5 . cem g] a} +lnb] lv afaf xf] 6n;Ddsf] ;8s lgs} ;f“3'/ f] 5 . ;fy{s cg'udgsf] sdL : yfgLo txsf] lgjf{rg cl3;Dd ;8s Aofkf/ x6fpg ;lqmo / x] sf] 3f] / fxLsf] gu/ k|x/ Ldf lgjf{rgkl5 lzlyntf cfPsf] efg x'G5 . ;8s Aofkf/ x6fpg gu/ k|x/ LnfO{ dfq lhDd] jf/ agfpg' x'“b} g , ;DemfOa'emfOn] klg dfG5] sf] dg lhTg ;lsG5, o;sf nflu hgk|ltlglwsf] klg e"ldsf h?/ L dflgG5 . ;8sk] 6L ef8fdf nufP/ k} ;f vfg] 3/ dflns klg 5g\ 3f] / fxLdf . ;8sk] 6Ldf k;n ug{] x?df klg ljjfb x'g] / x] 5 . nfdf] ;do;Dd k] 6Ldf k;n ub{} cfPsfx?n] gof“nfO{ a: g lbbf/ x] g5g\ . of] t d} n] 3/ wgLnfO{ ef8f lt/ ] sf] 7fp“ xf] eg] / nv] l6xfNbf/ x] 5g\ . o;/ L 3/ wgLn] klg k|f] T;flxt u/ ] sf / x] 5g\ ;8s Aofkf/ LnfO{ . ca gu/ k|x/ LnfO{ gu/ kflnsfn] s8fOsf ;fy kl/ rfng ug{ h?/ L 5 . ;8s Aokf/ nfO{ x6fp“bf cfnf] lrt eOG5 ls eGg] dfgl;stf Tofu] / gu/ kflnsfn] gu/ k|x/ LnfO{ clwsf/ ;DkGg agfpg h?/ L 5 . ;dfwfgsf pkfox? ;8s Aofkf/ nfO{ aGb ug{ klxnf] r/ 0fdf ;DalGwt j8fsf j8fcWoIf,

u gf/ fo0f ljjz gu/ k|x/ L, 6«flkms k|x/ L / pBf] u jfl0fHo ;+3sf k|ltlglwsf] ;+o'Qm 6f] nL agfP/ cg'udg ul/ g'k5{ . To;kl5sf lbgdf gu/k|x/ LnfO{ cg'udg ug{ ;xh x'g] 5 . o;} u/ L k} bn ofqLnfO{ k] 6Laf6 lx8fpg] cEof; u/ fpg cleofg g} rnfpg'k5{ / k] 6L k;n] sf] xf] Og k] 6Laf6 lx“8\g kfpg' xfd|f] clwsf/ xf] eGg] efjgf k} bn ofqLdf hfu[t u/ fpg'k5{ . o;} u/ L ;8s cj?4 x'g] u/ L v8f ul/ Psf c6f] l/ S;fnfO{ tf] lsPsf] kfls{ª: yndf k7fpg'k5{ . Rffns cg'dltlagf rnfPsf c6f] l/ S;fk|lt 6«flkms k|x/ L xfn;Dd cln nlrnf] b] lvPsf] n] casf lbgdf hl/ jfgfdf s8fO ul/ g'k5{ . kmf] / n]g ;8sdf Aojl: yt ?kdf uf8L rnfpg] Aoj: yf u/ ] df dgk/ L kfls{ª : jtM sd x'g] b] lvG5 . ofqLafxs a;x? ofqL s'g{ nfdf] ;do Ao: t ;8sdf pEofpg] k|rngsf] cGTo ug{ hl/ jfgfdf s8fO ug'{k5{ . dgk/ L eO/ x] sf] kfls{ª Aojl: yt ug{ gu/ kflnsfn] vfnL 7fp“sf] klxrfg u/ L 7fp“ 7] Ssf lbP/ ;z'Ns kfls{ªsf] Aoj: yf ug{'k5{ . ljsNksf] ?kdf vfnL 38] / L gu/ kflnsfn] lnhdf lng] / 7] Ssf lbg] To;af6 k|fKt / sd gu/ kflnsfn] c;'n ug{] Aoj: yf ul/ g'k5{ . o;f] ul/ of] eg] s] xL xb;Dd ;d: of ;dfwfg x'g] b] lvG5 .

#

@)&( ;fn ;fpg !@ ut] laxLjf/

(July 28, 2022)

c;fjwfgLn] Hofg hfF“b}

q a'l4 k'g ;Nofg, !! ;fpg . )&* d+l;/ # ut] aguf8 s'lk08] gu/ kflnsf–* cfu/ g] 6fsf cf7 jifL{o / fh] z ;'gf/ sf] s'lk08] tfndf kf} 8L v] Ng] qmddf 8'a] / d[To' eof] . tfn 5] pd} nfu] sf] d] nfdf uPsf pgsf] ;fyLx?;“u kf} 8L v] Ng] qmddf 8'a] / d[To' ePsf] lyof] .

To;sf] Ps jif{ gx'“b} ;fpg !) ut] d+unjf/ l6s6s agfpg] qmddf lrlKnP/ n8\bf sk'/ sf] 6 ufp“kflnsf–^ l;gjfªsf #& jifL{o a] baxfb'/ a: g] t j] kQf eP . ;fyL;“u tfnsf] 5] pdf l6s6s agfO/ x] sf] cj: yfdf lrlKnP/ j] kQf ePsf pgsf] uf] tfvf] / sf] 6f] nLn] a'waf/ lbp“;f] dfq} zj km] nf kf¥of] . : yfgLosf cg';f/ kf} 8L v] Ng hfg] sfx?n] g} c;fjwfgL ckgfp“bf tfndf 8'a] / Hofg u'dfO/ x] sf 5g\ . em08} 8] 9 bzssf] cjlwdf tfndf 8'a] / cf7hgfsf] d[To' ePsf] : yfgLosf] egfO 5 . t/ s'lk08] tfndf 8'j] / xfn;Dd slthgfsf] d[To' eof] eGg] Plsg tYof+s eg] s;} ;“u 5} g . aguf8 s'lk08] gu/ kflnsf–* sf j8fcWoIf s'naxfb'/ k'/ Ln] : yfgLox? kf} 8L v] Ng hf“bf / 3'Dg cfPsfx?sf] klg c;fjwfgLn]

8'a] / d[To' x'g] u/ ] sf] atfpg'eof] . …s'lk08] tfndf kf} 8L v] Ng] sfo{n] ubf{ hf] lvd a9fPsf] 5, r} t j} zfvdf zLtntf / cfgGb lng kf} 8L v] Ng] : yfgLosf] ;+Vof w] / } x'G5, o;n] hf] lvd w] / } g} a9fPsf] 5Ú– pxf“n] eGg'eof] – …nfOkm Hofs] 6lagf kf} 8L v] Ng ghfg] sfx? klg kf} 8L v] Ng nfUbf hf] lvd a9] sf] xf] .Ú pxf“n] s'lk08] tfndf kf} 8L v] Ng] sfo{ k"0f{?kdf aGb ug] { lg0f{o ul/ Psf] eP klg To;sf] k"0f{ kfngf “gx“'bf b'3{6gf x'g] u/ ] sf] atfpg'eof] . …tfnsf] rf} / lt/ 3'Dg, cjnf] sng ug{, tfnsf] ;'Gb/ tf / k|s[ltsf] cfgGb lng tfndf bh{gf} + 8'+uf / x] sf 5g\Ú– pxf“n] eGg'eof] – …To;df klg dfbs kbfy{ ;] jg gu/ ] / , nfOkm Hofs] 6 nufP/ , 8'+ufsf] Ifdtf eGbf a9L gful/ s g/ fv] / 8'+uf ;~rfng ug{ cfu|x ul/ Psf] 5, t/ 8'+uf Joj;foLx?nfO{ ;d] t a] jf: tf u/ ] / tfndf kf} 8L v] Ng] sfo{n] hf] lvd a9fPsf] 5, o;nfO{ lgoGq0f ug{ cfjZos kxn u5f} +{ .Ú tfn kl/ ;/ df zlgjf/ , ljbfsf] lbg / eL8ef8 ePsf] a] nfdf x'g;Sg] clk|o 36gf x'g glbg eg] k|x/ Ln] 8\o'6L lbb} cfPsf] 5 . t/ cGo ;dodf tfn 3'Dg cfpg] x?n]

;fjwfgL gckgfp“bf ;d: of ePsf] k|x/ Lsf] egfO 5 . ;Nofg k|x/ L k|d'v -l8P;kL_ ;'ldt v8\sfn] : yfgLo / tfn 3'Dg cfPsfx?sf] c;fjwfgLn] ubf{ tfndf clk|o 36gfsf] hf] lvd a9] sf] atfpg'eof] . …lhNnfleqaf6 dfq geO{ ljleGg lhNnfx?af6 ;d] t tfn 3'Dg cfpg] x?sf] ;+Vof w] / } 5, tfn 3'Dg cfpg] sf] ;+Vof a9] ;“u} hf] lvd klg a9] sf] 5, o;df : jo+ gful/ s g} ;hu aGg cfjZos 5Ú– pxf“n] eGg'eof] – …tfndf kf} 8L v] Nbf hf] lvd x'G5 eGg] 1fgsf] lj: tf/ x'g cfjZos 5, Ps} l5gsf] / dfOnf] sf nflu tfndf kf} 8L v] Nbf clk|o 36gf x'g;S5, tfndf kf} 8L v] Ng] sfo{ k"0f{?kdf aGb ug'{k5{ .Ú lgldQ k|d'v lhNnf clwsf/ L ydg v8\sfn] s'lk08] tfndf kf} 8L v] Ng] sfo{ / f] Sg : yfgLo tx;“u cfjZos ;dGjo eO/ x] sf] atfpg'eof] . o;cl3 klg ljleGg k|of; u/ ] sf] eP klg c6] / L u/ ] / kf} 8L v] Ng tfndf hfg] x?sf sf/ 0f hf] lvd a9] sf] pxf“sf] egfO 5 . ;/ f] sf/ jfnfx?n] eg] tfn jl/ kl/ 3] / jf/ nufP/ cglws[t k|j] z lgif] w ug] {, kf} 8L v] Ng aGb ug] {, kf} 8L v] Ng} k/ ] df nfOkm Hofs] 6sf] Joj: yf ug] {, nfOkm uf8{sf] Joj: yf ul/ g'kg] { atfPsf 5g\ .

ko{6s a9fpg n'lDagLdf cGt/f{li6«o af}4 ;Dd]ng q odnfn e';fn a'6jn, !! ;fpg . n'lDagL ljsf; sf] ifsf] kl/ ifb\ a} 7sn] ko{6s cfudgnfO{ a9fpg cfufdL d+l;/ df n'lDagLdf cGt/ f{li6«o af} 4 ;Dd] ng ug] { lg0f{o u/ ] sf] 5 . a'waf/ n'lDagLdf sf] ifsf cWoIf ;+: s[lt ko{6g tyf gful/ s p8\8og dGqL hLjg/ fd >] i7sf] cWoIftfdf a;] sf] a} 7sn] ;f] lg0f{o u/ ] sf] xf] . a} 7skl5 kqsf/ x?;“u ;+lIfKt s'/ fsfgL ub} { dGqL >] i7n] n'lDagL u'?of] hgf cg';f/ sf sfdx? rf“8} ;DkGg ug] { of] hgf lnPsf] atfpg'eof] . ;fy} oxf“ cfpg] ko{6sx?nfO{ s;/ L ;'ljwfo'Qm a;fO / ;xh cjnf] sg

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yfn 76fP/ dx+uLsf] lj/ f] w o'uaf] w ;dfrf/ bftf af“s] , !! ;fpg . / fk|kfn] yfn 76fP/ dx+uLsf] la/ f] w u/ ] sf] 5 . / fk|kfsf] eft[ ;+u7g / fli6«o k|hftflGqs dlxnf ;+u7gsf] ;+of] hgdf / fk|kfn] g] kfnu~hdf yfn 76fP/ k|bz{g u/ ] sf] xf] . lqe'jgrf] sl: yt dx] Gb| k': tsfno cufl8af6 lg: s] sf] la/ f] w k|bz{gn] ahf/ kl/ qmdf u/ ] sf] lyof] . k|bz{gdf kf6L{sf dxfdGqL 8f= wjnzdz] / / f0ff, k"j{dGqL k|] daxfb'/ e08f/ L,

lhNnf cWoIf g/ ] Gb| kf} 8] n, g] tfx? cf] dk|sfz cfhfb, ljkLg >] i7, OlGb/ f zfxL, gGbnfn j} Zo, ;nfpl2g h;u9nufotsf] ;xeflutf lyof] . jL/ ] Gb|rf] sdf k'u] / sf] 0f;ef ul/ Psf] lyof] . sf] 0f;efnfO{ dxfdGqL 8f= / f0ff, lhNnf cWoIf kf} 8] n / dlxnf g] t[ OlGb/ f zfxLn] ;Daf] wg ub} { dx+uL / e|i6frf/ df lnKt / x] sfn] of] ;/ sf/ k"0f{?kdf c;kmn ePsfn] >Ln+sfdf h;/ L hgtfn] p7] / ckb: t ug'{kg] { atfpg'eof] .

g]skf P;sf] 3f]/fxL gu/ sld6L u7g o'uaf] w ;dfrf/ bftf 3f] / fxL, !! ;fpg . g] kfn sDo'lgi6 kf6L{ -PsLs[t ;dfhjfbL_ n] d+unaf/ 3f] / fxL gu/ sld6L u7g u/ ] sf] 5 . kf6L{sf s] Gb|Lo ;b: o cgf/ snL ldof“sf] k|d'v cfltYotfdf ePsf] e] nfn] uh] Gb|l;+x v8\sfsf] cWoIftfdf %% ;b: oLo gu/ sld6L u7g u/ ] sf] xf] . ;f] cj;/ df k|lzIf0f ;d] t ul/ Psf] lyof] . 3f] / fxLsf !( j6} j8f kf6L{ cWoIf, ;lrj tyf k|ltlglwn] j8fsf] k|ltj] bg

;+sng===

w] / } vkt udL{ df} ;d r} t, j} zfvb] lv x'G5Ú– Gof} kfg] n] eGg'eof] – …lj: tf/ } bftfx?nfO{ ;Dks{d} / fv] / cfjZostf k/ ] sf] a] nf / Qmbfg ug{ af] nfpg yfn] sf 5f} + . udL{ ;dodf / Qmbfg ug] { bftf sd cfpg] u/ ] sf] Gof} kfg] n] atfpg'eof] . x\jfO6 Jn8 pTkfbg hf] lvddf x\jfO6 An8 ;] n cyf{t ;] tf] / utsf nflu bfªdf Ps ;] 6 dfq} pks/ 0f 5 .

3f] / fxLl: yt / Qm;~rf/ s] Gb|df / x] sf] pks/ 0fsf] ljsNk gx'“bf ;] tf] / ut pTkfbgsf] sfd h'g;'s} a] nf klg / f] lsg] hf] lvd / x] sf] / Qm ;~rf/ s] Gb|

k] z u/ ] sf lyP .

3f] / fxL–$ sf cWoIf nf] s/ fh kf} 8] nsf] : jfut dGtJoaf6 z'? ePsf] sfo{qmddf kf6L{sf s] Gb|Lo kl/ ifb\ ;b: ox? lvdaxfb'/ s] ;L, / fdk|;fb rf} w/ L, k|b] z sld6L ;b: o ljgf] b k'g, b] pdg bdfO{, u'?k|;fb s] ;L, lhNnf pkfWoIf r"0f{axfb'/ cf] nL, pk;lrj hfgsf / ] UdL, cg] d dxf;+3sf cWoIf ;;dtL rf} w/ Lnufotn] k|lzIf0f dGtJo / fVg'ePsf] lyof] . e] nfsf] ;xhLs/ 0f gu/ pkfWoIf lvdaxfb'/ 3tL{n] ug'{ePsf] lyof] .

3f] / fxLn] hgfPsf] 5 . / ut hdfpg] tTj / x] sf] Kn] 6] n] 6\; / / ut Aofn] G; agfpg ;xof] u ug] { tTj KnfHdf x'g] x\jfO6 An8 ;] n 5'6\ofpg] pks/ 0f yKg'kg] { s] Gb|n] hgfPsf] 5 . xfn bfªdf dfl;s?kdf %) o'lg6 eGbf w] / } ;] tf] / ut vkt eO/ x] sf] 5 . …xfdLn] 5'6\ofP/ cfjZostf cg';f/ sf] tTj la/ fdLnfO{ lbg ;lsof] eg] Pp6} kf] sfaf6 w] / } k|sf/ sf la/ fdLnfO{ arfpg ;lsG5Ú– Gof} kfg] n] eGg'eof] – …clxn] lhNnfdf Pp6f dfq} pks/ 0f 5, of] lalu|Pdf ;] tf] / utsf] ;a} sfd 7Kk x'G5 .Ú bfªdf @)&*÷&( df Ps ;o (% o'lg6 Kn] 6] n] 6\; / KnfHdf vkt ePsf] 5 .

/ x] sf] pxf“n] atfpg'eof] . o;sf] nflu e|d0f jif{ geO{ @)@# b] lv @)## nfO{ e|d0f bzs tf] s] / cufl8 a9\g] tof/ Ldf dGqfno / x] sf] dGqLn] hfgsf/ L lbg'eof] . a'waf/ a;] sf] kl/ ifb\ a} 7sdf cfly{s jif{ @)&(÷*) sf] ah] 6, gLlt tyf sfo{qmd;d] t k|: t't ul/ Psf] lyof] . o: t} ltnf} / fsf] 6 slknj: t'nfO{ ljZj ;Dkbfdf ;"rLs[t ug{ cfjZos / 0fgLlt, b: tfj] h, ;DalGwt cGo b: tfj] h tof/ ug] {, cGt/ f{li6«o af} 4 ;Dd] ngsf] cfof] hgfsf nflu tby{ ;ldlt u7gnufotsf] laifodf 5nkmn ePsf] lyof] .

cfjZostf o; SofDk;df Joj:yfkg ;+socGtu{t la=la=P= ;ftf}+ ;]d]i6/sf] nflu o;} cf=j= b]lv lq=lj= cltl/Qm sIff Joj:yfkg;DaGwL lgb]{lzsf @)&& sf] kl/R5]b # sf] bkmf % -v_ adf]lhd ljifo lj1sf] ?kdf kmfOgfG; ljifodf k7g kf7gsf nflu # hgf lzIfs cfjZos k/]sf]n] of]Uotf k'u]sf OR5's g]kfnL gful/saf6 /Ltk"j{s cfj]bg cfx\jfg ul/Psf] 5 . cfj]bg ;fy P;=Pn=;L= b]lvsf z}lIfs of]Uotfsf] k|df0fkqsf] k|ltlnkL, g]kfnL gful/stfsf] k|ltlnkL Pj+ lgj]bg b:t'/ afkt ?= @,))).– -cIf?kL b'O{ xhf/ dfq_ SofDk;df a'emfPsf] /l;b ;+nUg ug'{kg]{ 5 . /Lt gk'uL jf Dofb gf3L kg{ cfPsf lgj]bgdfly s'g} sf/afxL ul/g] 5}g . cGo lj:t[t hfgsf/Lsf nflu SofDk;df ;Dks{ /fVg ;lsg]5 .

Go"gtd of]UotfM ;DalGwt ljifodf Pd=lj=P= jf ;f] ;/x tx slDtdf låtLo >]0fLdf pQL0f{ x'g'kg]{ . cfj]bg a'emfpg] clGtd ldltM @)&(.$.!% ut] a]n'sf $ ah];Dd . ;Dks{ ldltM @)&(.$.!^ ut] a]n'sf # ah];Dd . cGtjf{tf{ ldltM kl5 k|sflzt ul/g]5 .

SofDk; k|d'v

dx]Gb| ax'dvL SofDk;, bfª

s] tkfO“df k]6, kfON;, lkm:6'nf / lkm;/;DaGwL ;d:of 5 < oxL ;fpg !@ ut]sf lbg olb 5 eg] wgjGt/L cfo'j]{b xl:k6n P08 l/;r{ ;]G6/ sf7df8f}+sf / Pg=l6=eL= @ af6 k|;fl/t sfo{qmd :jf:Yo ;Gb]zsf k/fdz{bftf jl/i7 cfo'j]{b lkmlhl;og 8f= /fhLj l3ld/]åf/f oxL ;fpg !@ ut]sf lbg Uofli6«s, o'l/s Pl;8, ;'u/, kfoN;, lkm:6'nf / lkm;/sf] pkrf/ ul/g] x'Fbf cfkm\gf] gfd btf{ u/fO{ ljz]if1 ;]jfsf] nfe lng'xf];\ / cfkm\gf] /f]usf] k"0f{ lgbfg ug'{xf];\ .

kfON;, lkm:6'nf, lkm;/sf] Iff/ ;'q ljlwåf/f ljgf ck|]zg ;kmn pkrf/ . kmf]gaf6 klg gfd btf{ u/fpg ;lsg]5 . la/fdL hfFR“ g] ldlt M ;fpg !@ ut] laxfg ( b]lv % ah];Dd

;Dks{ M dftf dgsfdgf cf/f]Uo s]Gb| lxdfno a}+s;Fu} Go"/f]8 3f]/fxL, bfª kmf]g M )*@–%^@(*#, df]= (*$&*&&!!$, (*%&*@#@**

3f]/fxL, bfª -3f]/fxLsf] t'n;Lk'/rf]s dx/f k]6«f]n kDkaf6 leqhfg] uNnLdf_

sd{rf/L t'?Gt cfjZostf M Lab Assistant -dlxnf ! hgf_ g]kfn ;/sf/

dfnkf] t sfof{no ndxL bfªsf] ;fj{hlgs ;"rgf † bfª lhNnf ;fljs u+ufk/:k'/ uf=lj=;= j8f g+= ! xfn u9jf uf=kf= j8f g+= $ a:g] ;Ltf/fd t]nLsf] a'xf/L /fd;d'em t]nLsf] kTgL v't/L t]nLn] klt /fd;d'em t]nLsf] gfddf ePsf] lgDg adf]lhdsf] hUuf ldlt @)%*.)*.)* df dfnkf]t sfof{no bfª 3f]/fxLdf cfunfuL eO{ hnL gi6 ePsfn] >]:tf sfod u/L ;+oQ' m gfd;f/L u/L kfpF egL ldlt @)&*.)&.@# df o; sfof{nodf lgj]bg lbg'ePsf] x'bF f pQm hUufsf] lgj]bs / c? s;}sf] xs nfUg] eP jf lgj]bssf] gfddf >]:tf sfod gfd;f/L x'g' gkg]{ eP of] ;"rgf k|sflzt ePsf] ldltn] #% -k}tL;_ lbgleq ;–k|df0f xsbfjL ug{ cfpg'xg' ;DalGwt ;a}sf] hfgsf/Lsf] nflu of] ;"rgf k|sflzt ul/Psf] 5 . ;doleq bfjL lj/f]w ug{ gcfP sfg"g adf]lhd eO{ hfg] Aoxf]/f ;"lrt ul/G5 .

tkl;n

uf=lj=;= j8f g+= lsQf g+= If] qkmn hUufwgL uf] a/ l8xf (÷s $$% )–!–!* / fd;d'em t] nL ;fy} o;df lgj] bLsfsf] klt / fd;d'em t] nLsf] ldlt @)^%.)*.#) df d[To' ePsf] , ;Ssn h=w=k|= k'hf{ x/ fPsf] x'Fbf >] : tf sfod u/ L ;+o'Qm gfd;f/ L x'g' kg] { xf] jf xf] Og, ;f] ;DaGwdf sf] xL s;} sf] xs nfUg] eP k|df0f;lxt xsbfjL ug{ cfpg' x'g of] ;"rgf k|sflzt ul/ Psf] 5 .

g]kfn ;/sf/

dfnkf] t sfof{no ndxL bfªsf] ;fj{hlgs ;"rgf † bfª lhNnf ;fljs u+ufk/ : k'/ uf=lj=;= j8f g+= ! xfn u9jf uf=kf= j8f g+= $ a:g] ;f]dO clx/sf] gflt ;fw' clx/sf] 5f]/f ;'v/fd ofbj, /fhf/fd ofbj, /fd nIf0f ofbj, dlg/fd ofbj / wgL/fd ofbjn] afa' ;fw' clx/sf] gfddf ePsf] lgDg adf]hdsf] hUuf ldlt @)%*.)*.)* df dfnkf]t sfof{no bfª 3f]/fxLdf cfuhgL eO{ hnL gi6 ePsfn] >]:tf sfod u/L ;+oQ' m gfd;f/L u/L kfpF egL ldlt @)&*.)&.@# df o; sfof{nodf lgj]bg lbg'ePsf] x'bF f pQm hUufsf] lgj]bs / ctM s;}sf] xs nfUg] eP, jf lgj]bssf] gfddf >]:tf sfod gfd;f/L x'g' gkg]{ eP of] ;"rgf k|sflzt ePsf] ldltn] #% -k}t+ L;_ lbgleq ;–k|df0f;lxt xsbfjL ug{ cfpg'xg' ;DalGwt ;a}sf] hfgsf/Lsf] nflu of] ;"rgf k|sflzt ul/Psf] 5 . ;doleq bfjL lj/f]w ug{ gcfP sfg'g adf]lhd eO{ hfg] Aoxf]/f ;"lrt ul/G5 .

tkl;n uf=lj=;= j8f g+= lsQf g+= If] qkmn hUufwgL uf] a/ l8xf (÷s $#@ )–!–# ;fw' clx/ ;fy} o;df lgj] bssf] afa' ;fw' clx/ sf] ldlt @)$*.)!.@! df d'To' ePsf] / cfdf / fhf/ fgL clx/ gLsf] ldlt @)&&.!!.)^ df d[To' ePsf] , ;Ssn h=w=k|= k'hf{ x/ fPsf] x'Fbf >] : tf sfod u/ L ;+o'Qm gfd;f/ L x'g' kg] { xf] jf xf] Og, ;f] ;DaGwdf sf] xL a;} sf] xs nfUg] eP k|df0f;lxt xsbfjL ug{ cfpg'x'g of] ;"rgf k|sflzt ul/ Psf] 5 .

;dfrf/

/fhk'/ –% sf] ;fj{hlgs ;'g'jfO o'uaf] w ;dfrf/ bftf b] pv'/ L, !! ;fpg . / fhk'/ ufp“kflnsf j8f g+= % sf] ;fj{hlgs ;'g'jfO sfo{qmd a'wjf/ ;DkGg ePsf] 5 . j8f sfof{nosf] cfof] hgf tyf dfgj sNof0f tyf jftfj/ 0f ;+/ If0f s] Gb| -l;8\;_ kl/ of] hgfsf] cfly{s ;xof] u / k|fljlws ;xof] udf ;fj{hlgs ;'g'jfO ePsf] xf] . gful/ sx?n] P] nfgL hUuf cltqmd0f x'g yfn] sf] , To;sf] ;+/ If0f x'g g;s] sf] , pkef] ] Qmf ;ldlt u7g kf/ bzL{ x'g'kg{] , ah] 6 k"0f{ sfof{Gjog x'g g;s] sf] h: tf u'gf;f JoQm u/ ] sf lyP . cl3Nnf] kf“r jif{] sfo{sfndf

a] lyltsf] rfª nfu] sf] eGb} u'gf;f] JoQm ul/ Psf] lyof] . hgtfaf6 p7] sf k|Zgsf] hjfkm lbb} j8fWoIf 6+saxfb'/ lai6n] aGb sf] 7fdf of] hgf gagfO{ : ynut cWoog u/ ] / dfq} of] hgf agfpg] k|lta4tf JoQm ug{'eof] . …d aGb sf] 7fdf of] hgf agfp“lbg . lkmN8df plqG5' . hgtfsf] ;fy lnP/ cl3 a9\5'Ú– pxf‘“n] eGg'eof] – …u'gf;f] gcfpg] u/ L sfd ug{] c7f] 6 5 .Ú j8f g+= % df sf] l/ of / dt] gL vf] nfsf] s6fgn] ubf{ a: tL / v] tLof] Uo hldg hf] lvddf k/ ] sf] eGb} a[xt t6aGwsf] dfu ul/ Psf] 5 . o;} u/ L v] ns"b d} bfgsf] ;+/ If0f x'g g;s] sf] ,

Toxf“ / x] sf ;fj{hlgs ;DklQsf] b'?kof] u x'g yfn] sf] , ;8sx?df vf8n a9] sf] , cfwf/ e"t : jf: Yo OsfO{af6 lgMz'Ns elgPsf cf} iflw gkfPsf] u'gf;f] ul/ Psf] lyof] . j8f sfof{nodf rfn' cfly{s jif{df hDdf @! nfv %% xhf/ ah] 6 k|fKt ePsf] eGb} cfjZos k/ ] sf] 7fp“df k'¥ofpg sl7g k/ ] sf] hfgsf/ L u/ fOPsf] 5 . sfo{qmddf kz' k+IfL tyf dT: o zfvfsf k|d'v bLks / fgf, j8f ;lrj ;fw/ fd ofbjnufotn] ;] jf k|jfxsf] af/ ] df hfgsf/ L u/ fpg' ePsf] lyof] . ;fj{hlgs ;'\g'jfO sfo{qmdsf] ;xhL/ s0f kqsf/ bz/ y l3ld/ ] n] ug{'ePsf] lyof] .

;fj{hlgs ljbfdf klg :jf:Yo ;]jf ;'rf? o'uaf] w ;dfrf/ bftf ;Nofg, !! ;fpg . ;Nofgsf] sk'/ sf] 6 ufp“kflnsfn] ;fj{hlgs ljbfsf] lbgdf klg kflnsfleqsf : jf: Yo ;+: yfx?af6 : jf: Yo ;] jf ;'rf? ug] { ePsf] 5 .

5j6} j8fsf : jf: Yorf} sL / cfwf/ e"t : jf: Yo ;] jf s] Gb|af6 ;] jf k|jfx ul/ g] ufp“kflnsfsf cWoIf b'uf{axfb'/ k'gn] atfpg'eof] . …xfdLn] gLlt tyf sfo{qmdd} : jf: Yo ;] jfaf/ ] pNn] v u/ ] sf 5f+} ;f] xLcg';f/ zlgaf/ nufot

cGo ;fj{hlgs ljbfsf] lbgdf klg : jf: Yo ;] jf lbg] Joj: yf ldnfPsf 5f} +Ú– cWoIf k'gn] eGg'eof] . cfjZos hgzlQmsf] Joj: yfkg;lxt ljbfsf] lbgdf klg cfwf/ e"t tyf cfsl: ds : jf: Yo ;] jf z'? ul/ Psf] ufp“kflnsfn] hgfPsf] 5 . ;fj{hlgs ljbfsf] lbgdf klg : jf: Yo ;] jf k|jfx x'g] af/ ] ;a} kflnsfjf;LnfO{ hfgsf/ L u/ fpg] u/ L ;"rgf ;Dk|] if0f ul/ Psf] k|d'v k|zf;sLo clws[t e/ ts'df/ cf] nLn] atfpg'eof] . ljbfsf] lbgdf klg : jf: Yo ;+: yf

vf] n] / ;] jf lbg] : jf: YosdL{sf] ;'ljwfsf nflu cfjZos ah] 6 klg ljlgof] hg ul/ Psf] pxf“sf] egfO 5 . vf] k tyf kf] if0f sfo{qmd, afn/ f] u Joj: yfkg tyf gjhft lzz' : ofxf/ sfo{qmd, kl/ jf/ : jf: Yo sfo{qmd, k|fylds : jf: Yo ;] jf, / f] u lgoGq0f tyf dlxnf : jf: Yo : jo+;] ljsf h: tf sfo{qmdnfO{ k|efjsf/ L ?kdf ;~rfngsf nflu hgk|ltlglw nufot ;/ f] sf/ jfnf;“u ;dGjonfO{ klg hf] 8 lbOPsf] ufp“kflnsfn] hgfPsf] 5 .

:jf:Yo ;]jf sfof{no

;Nofg c:ktfn ljsf; ;ldlt,kmfd{];L s0ff{nL k|b]z, ;Nofg, g]kfn

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M @)&( Uff]/vf >fj0f :s"n, ndxL #= k| j z ] M @)&( >fj0f @# ut] ;f] d af/ ljxfg &M#) #= k| j z ] k/LIff M @)&( >fj0f @# ut] ;f] d af/ ljxfg afbn s]=;L= uf]/vf :s" n, 3f]/fxL M @)&( >fj0f Paramedical /GhLt^=clwsf/L uf]/vf :s"n, 3f]>fj0f /fxL @( ut] cfOtaf/b] Engineering ^= sIff ;~rfng cfOtaf/b] sIffM @)&( ;~rfng M @# @)&( lv glthf M3f]@)&( @#MBBS ut] @( ;fFemut] %M)) ah] lv$= k|j]z k/LIff glthf >fj0f ut] ;fFem %M)) ah] Engineering Effjgf >]i7$= k|j]z k/LIff uf]/vf :s"n,sIff /fxL !!>fj0f ;' l gn rf} w /L Uff] / vf :s" n , ndxL sfo{qmd &=jnL l;6 of ut] M uf]b/]lvvf @& %= egf{ &= ;'? Ml;6 @$ ut]sf b]lvnflu @&Paramedical ut]egf{ ;Dddfq %= egf{ ;'?;ljg M @)&( >fj0f;+V@$ dlgzf lh=;L= uf]@)&( /vf ;+ :s"V>fj0f nof , 3f]M /fxL :s"nut] , 3f]/;Dddfq fxL Engineering lj1fg ;d"x;~rfng -Science Stream_ dlgzf e§/fO{ nStream_ ,-rf/ 3f]/>fj0f fxL ;]S;g_ ;lngf ljZjsdf{ uf]/;] vf n, 3f]3f]/fxL ^= sIff M:s"@)&( @( ut] cfOtaf/b] ^= sIff ;~rfng M @)&(!^) >fj0f @( ut] cfOtaf/b] uf]/vf!^) 3f]Paramedical /fxL Joj:yfkg :s"nlvdf ;d"x -Management -rf/ S:s" ;g_ /fxLlv :s"ndf Engineering uf]M/vf , 3f]/fxLlv Paramedical uf]/vf :s"n, 3f]/fxL Engineering !=l/lwsf kmf/fdv/]ljt/0f M @)&( >fj0f !@ :s" ut]nlalxaf/b] != kmf/fd ljt/0f M @)&( >fj0f ut] ;+ lalxaf/b] &=n l;6 ;+Vof &= !@l;6 V;'ofudMlvclwsf/L  !^) -rf/ ;] S ;g_ t' n ;Lk' / :s' n df  !^) -rf/ ;] S ;g_ t' n ;Lk' / :s' n df Nff] r g clwsf/L uf] / vf :s" n , 3f] / fxL MBBS lzed s' d f/ u' K tf Uff] / vf :s" n , ndxL Engineering @= kmf/fd a'emfpg] clGtd ldlt M @)&(, >fj0f @@ ut] @= kmf/fd a'emfpg] clGtd ldlt M @)&(, >fj0f @@ ut]  !^) -rf/ ;] S ;g_ 3f] / fxL :s" n df  !^) -rf/ ;] S ;g_ 3f] / fxL :s" n df cfOtjf/ #o'jah] ;Dds]=;L= ;lbIff Gof}kfg] /fh Uff]/vf n, t'ndxL N;Lk'/ :s"ndf Engineering uf]/vfcfOtjf/ &@:s"n-b', 3f]O# { /ah];]fxL;SDd;g_ ndxLParamedical :s"ndf  !)* -ltg ;]S:s";g_ #=;lGbk k|j]zlh=Pd= k/LIff M@)&(!^) >fj0f-rf/ &M#) ah] nParamedical daf/pHhn ljxfglh=Pd= &M#) ah] t'n;Lk'/uf]/:s' uf]@# /vfut];]:s" nd,af/ 3f]/t'ljxfg fxLn;Lk' vf n:s"dfn, 3f]/fxL Engineering S;f];g_ / :s' df#= k|j]z k/LIff M @)&( >fj0f @# ut] ;f]!^) -rf/ ;]S;g_ $=;'ljwf k|j]zuf]k/LIff glthf M @)&( >fj0f @# ut] ;fF e m %M)) ah ] $= k| j z ] k/LIff glthf M @)&( >fj0f @# ut] ;fF e m %M)) ah ] /fyf]sL vf :s"n, 3f]/fxL Paramedical cg':sf clwsf/L Uff]/vf :s"n, ndxL BSc CSIT  >fj0f &@ -b'@$uf] O{ //ut];] ;g_ ndxL !)* %=;'negf{ ;'? M @)&( %= egf{ ;'? M @)&( >fj0f @$ ut]b]lv @& ut] ;Dddfq e lu/L uf] vfbS]lv :s"@& n, ut] 3f]/;Dddfq fxL :s"ndf Paramedical k|z-ltg fGt rf}w;]/LS;g_ ndxL :s" Uff]/n vfdf:s"n, t'N;Lk'/ BSc CSIT ^=lzIff sIffl/hfn ;~rfng M @)&( >fj0f @( ut] cfOtaf/b] l v ^= sIff ;~rfng M @)&( >fj0f @( ut] cfOtaf/b] l v Uff]/vf :s"n, t'N;Lk'/ MBBS ;Gb]z eG8f/L Uff]/vf :s"n, t'N;Lk'/ BSc CSIT &=lIflth l;6 ;+ V of M &= l;6 ;+ V of M rf}w/L uf]/vf :s"n, 3f]/fxL MBBS g/]z rf}w/L Uff]/vf :s"n, t'N;Lk'/ BSc Ag  !^) -rf/ ;] S ;g_ 3f] / fxL :s" n df  !^) -rf/ ;] S ;g_ 3f] / fxL :s" n df clez]s eG8f/L Uff]/vf :s"n, t'N;Lk'/ Engineering Df]g'sf e';fn Uff]/vf :s"n, t'N;Lk'/ BSc Ag lj1fg ;d" xsf]-rf/cfj] bgsf  rf} !^) nuf];Lk' / :s'  !^) ;]S;g_ t'n;Lk'nflu / :s'ndfqmdzM clgz w/L-rf/ ;]S;g_ t'!= /vf :s"nndf , 3f]tyf /fxL Joj:yfkg Engineering k|ljg lj=s=GPA :sf]/ Uff]sDtLdf /vf :s"n, t'N@=* ;Lk'/ / @=$ NofPsf] BSc Ag Ogkm 8]n-b'O{ ;]S;g_ ndxLUff]:s" /vf Engineering Uff]/vf :s"n, ndxL BSc Ag  kf}&@ ndf:s"n, ndxL  !)* -ltg ;]S;g_ ndxL :s"ndf aljtf cfrfo{ != lj1fg tyf Joj:yfkg ;d" x sf] cfj] b gsf nflu qmdzM GPA :sf] / sDtLdf @=* / @=$ NofPsf] x' g k ' g] 5 { . s}nfz clwsf/L Uff]/vf :s"n, ndxL Engineering dlgzf rf}w/L Uff]/vf :s"n, ndxL BSc Ag sdn >]i7 uf]/vf x'g'kg]@= , 3f]/fxL 6af6 lgsflnPsf] Engineering lb znf Gof} kfg] Uff]/vf :s" BSc Ag {5:s"n.OG6/g] u|]8l;6 k]; u/L egf cfj];'pbo gljZjsdf{ kmf/fd eg{ ;lsg] 5 n, ndxL sdn jnL Uff]/vf :s"n, t'N;Lk'/ Engineering Uff]/vf :s"n, t'N;Lk'/ BSc Ag gf] 6 M 6af6 lgsflnPsf] u|;fd' ]8l;6 k]; u/L egf cfj]bljBfyL{ g kmf/fd eg{ slxgf 8fFuL @= OG6/g] Uff] /5gf] vf :s"6 n,t'k|N;Lk' / Engineering cNh';lsg] a:g] t ;5 :j?k GPA Uff]/vf :s"df n, t')=$ N;Lk'/ yk c+s Biomedical and Natural Sci. #= l qmofdf b flos ljBfnosf x ?nfO{ af] g l;Q} d f != lj1fg ;d":s" xsf] bgsf nflu qmdzM GPA :sf]/ sDtLdf @=* / @=$ NofPsf] hLjg >]i7 tyf Joj:yfkg uf]/vf n, cfj] 3f]/fxL Engineering clgtf Gof}kfg] Uff]/vf :s"n, t'N;Lk'/ Physiotherapy

sIff !! sf nflu egf{ sfo{qmd

uf]/vf :s'n, bfªsf] sIff !! gf qmd sIffdf!!egf{ sf ;DaGwL nflu egf{;"rsfo{

gf]6 M

gf]6 M

#= 5gf]6 k|lqmofdf ;fd'bflos ljBfnosf ljBfyL{x?nfO{ af]g; :j?k GPA df )=$ yk c+s l;Q}df

lbOg]5 . x'g'kg]{5 . egf{ sfo{qmd 5 . u|]8l;6 k]; u/L egf cfj]bg kmf/fd eg{sIff @= OG6/g]6af6 lbOg] lgsflnPsf] 5!! sf]kmfOgfG;, $= Joj:yfkg ;d"xsf] nflu P]lR5s;lsg] ljifox? ljhg]; Dofy / sDKo'6/ tyf lj1fg ;d"xsf] nflu lj1fg xqmofdf -Science Stream _ nflu x -Management Joj:yfkg ;d" xsf] R5saf]ljifox? ljhg] / tyf lj1fg ;d"xsf]Stream nflu _ #= 5gf]6;d" k|l$= ;fd'bflos ljBfnosf ljBfyL{P]xl?nfO{ g; :j?k kmfOgfG;, GPA df )=$ yk ; c+sDofy l;Q}Joj:yfkg df/ sDKo'6;d" P] l R5s ljifox? afof] n f] h L, sDKo" 6 /, ;fdflhs cWoog / ul0ftsf] Joj:yf ul/Psf] 5. lbOg]ljt/0f 5 . MP]@)&( != kmf/fd !@ ut] laxLaf/b] kmf/fd ljt/0f M @)&(5>fj0f lR5s>fj0f ljifox? afof]nlvf]hL, sDKo"6/, ;fdflhs cWoog / ul0ftsf]!= Joj:yf ul/Psf] . !@ ut] laxLaf/b]lv @=$= kmf/fd a'emfpg];d" clGtd ldlt >fj0f @@kmfOgfG;, ut] tyf cfOtjf/ # ah] Dd / sDKo' a'emfpg] clGtd ldlt M Joj:yf @)&(, >fj0fltgj6} @@ ut] cfOtjf/ %=nflu b'ljxfgL jP]M } l@)&(, ;d"xtyf ljxfgL lbjf ;~rfng ul/G5;d";fy} oftfoftsf] plrt :s'n#dfah];Dd Joj:yfkg x} sf] R5s ljifox? ljhg] ;;;qdf Dofy 6;fy} / tyf oftfoftsf] lj1fg x@=sf]kmf/fd nflu %= b' j ;d" x lbjf ;qdf ;~rfng ul/G5 plrt Joj:yf ltgj6} :s' n df #= k|j]z k/LIff M @)&( >fj0f @# ut] ;f]daf/ ljxfg &M#) ah] #= k|j]z k/LIff M @)&( >fj0f @# ut] ;f]daf/ ljxfg &M#) ah] afof] nf]ul/Psf] hL, sDKo" 6/,5;fF;fdflhs cWoog / ul0ftsf] Joj:yf ul/Psf] 5 . $= k|jP]]zlR5s k/LIffljifox? glthf M @)&( >fj0f @# ut] e m %M)) ah] $= k|j]z k/LIff glthf M @)&( >fj0f @# ut] ;fFem %M)) ah] . ul/Psf] 5 . %= b' j } ;d" x ljxfgL tyf lbjf ;qdf ;~rfng ul/G5 ;fy} oftfoftsf] plrt Joj:yf ltgj6} :s' n %= egf{ ;'? M @)&( >fj0f @$ ut]b]lv @& ut] ;Dddfq %=dfegf{ ;'? M @)&( >fj0f @$ ut]b]lv @& ut] ;Dddfq cGo lj:t[ t hfgsf/Lsf nflu ljBfno k| z f;gdf ljxfg &M)) ah];~rfng bah] ]lv ;;fFMDd@)&( em;Dks{ #M)) Dd x;Dks{ ^= sIff ;~rfng @)&( t >fj0f @( ut] cfOtaf/b] >fj0f /fVg @(ah] ut]; cfOtaf/b] cGo hfgsf/Lsf nflulvljBfno k|zf;gdf ljxfg &M)) ah]b]lv ;fF^=emsIff #M)) ;Sg' 'g]5lv /fVg ;Sg'x'g]5 ul/Psf] 5 . M lj:t[ &= l;6 ;+Vof M l !^) -rf/ ;]S;g_ 3f]/fxL :s"ndf &= l;6 ;+Vof M l !^) -rf/ ;]S;g_ 3f]/fxL :s"ndf cGo lj:t[t hfgsf/Lsf ljBfno l .!^) -rf/nflu ;]S. ;g_ t'n;Lk'k|/zf;gdf :s'ndf ljxfg &M)) ah]b]lv ;fFem #M)) ah];Dd ;Dks{ /fVg ;Sg'x'g]5 l !^) -rf/ ;]S;g_ t'n;Lk'/ :s'ndf . l &@ -b'O{ ;]S;g_ ndxL :s"ndf l !)* -ltg ;]S;g_ ndxL :s"ndf

uf]/vf df=lj= t'n;Lk'/

uf]/vf df]8]n ;]s]G8/L :s'n, ndxL

uf]/vf O{= klAns df= lj=, 3f]/fxL

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-lj1fg_ ;Dks{ frfo{_ ndxL 3f] / fxL ;Dks{M-k|-lj1fg_ (*%&*^!)%!

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-lj1fg_ ;Dks{ M (*%&*%)&)& -k| f rfo{ _ ;Dks{ M (*%&*^)%^$ -k| f rfo{ _ (*%&*%)&)( -lj1fg_ (*$()%)^#!

-lj1fg_ (*%&*@#%&% -Joj:yfkg_ -lj1fg_ (*%&*^!)^!

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M (*%&*^)%^$

(*%&*@#%&% (*%&*^!)^!

-n]vf_

-Joj:yfkg_

(*%&*%)&)( -lj1fg_

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