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d'DaO{ / lbNnLaf6 cfPsf JolQmdf 5 . oL zx/af6 cfPsf g] kfnLnfO{ xfdLn] ;f] wL;f] wL dn] l/of hf“r ug] { u/] sf 5f} + .Ú af“s] df ef/taf6 cfPsf !# xhf/ dflg;nfO{ dn] l/of cf/8L6L hf“r ul/Psf] 5 . udL{ a9L x'g] / nfdv'6\6] nfUg] ePsfn] af“s] df dn] l/ofsf la/fdL b] lvg] ub{5 . utjif{ af“s] df dn] l/ofsf $@ hgf la/fdL lyP . g] kfnu~h gfsfdf sf] le8;“u} dn] l/ofsf] hf“r x'g] ub{5 . of] gfsfaf6 Ifo/f] usf] klg hf“r x'g] ub{5 . Nofa 6] lSgl;og 1jfnLn] kf“r ;o @^ hgfnfO{ hf“r ubf{ 5 hgfdf Ifo/f] u b] lvPsf] atfpg'eof] . ef/taf6 cfpg] dflg;nfO{ clxn] ;Dd 8] +u' / sfnfhf/sf] hf“r x'g ;s] sf] 5} g . dn] l/of, 8] +u', sfnfhf/, Ifo/f] u ef/tdf sfd u/] / kmls{g] g] kfnLdf b] lvg] ub{5 . sf] le8;“u} oL ;a} sf] hf“r ug] { elgP klg cem} gfsfdf ;a} sf] hf“r x'g ;s] sf] 5} g . hf8f] dlxgf z'? eO;s] sfn] tTsfnnfO{ eg] udL{ / nfdv'6\6] sf sf/0f x'g] ;+qmd0fsf] 8/ sd ePsf] 5 . oBlk, af“s] df tLg÷rf/ dlxgfdfq} nfdv'6\6] b] lvb} g . d+l;/b] lv kmfu'g;Dd oxf“ nfdv'6\6] nfUb} g . clt udL{ x'g] h] 7df klg nfdv'6\6] b] lvb} g .

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gof“ tl/sf / sfo{qmd NofP/ ljBfyL{sf] cfsif{0f 36\g glbg ;'emfj lbg'eof] . åGåsfndf lgs} sl7gfOsf ;fy :s'n hf] ufPsf] KofA;gsf cu'jfx?sf] egfO lyof] . s'zn ;+u7gn] h:tf] ;'s} r'gf} tL lr/] / a9\g ;Sg] pgLx?n] atfP . lghL ljBfnon] af] s] sf] ef/ /fHon] y] Ug} g;Sg] KofA;gsf cu'jfx?sf] egfO lyof] . cfkm\g} ejg agfP/ Jojl:yt ug{ nfu] sf] pgLx?sf] egfO lyof] . pgLx?sf cg';f/ KofA;gsf] gfddf 5 s6\7f hldg /x] sf] 5 . sf] / f] gfn] lbPsf] rf] 6 / kf/] sf] 3fp k'g{ ;a} lghL ljBfnonfO{ xDd] xDd] k/] sf] 5 . g] t[Tj 5gf] 6 ug{] ;do Joj:yfkgsf nflu sfo{qmdnfO{ nDAofpg grfx] sf] cWoIf v8\sfsf] egfO lyof] . aflx/sf cltlyx?sf] ;+Vof 36fP klg dfofsf] lrgf] ljt/0fsf qmddf nfd} lni6 lyof] . ;a} nfO{ cfsif{s pkxf/;lxt

clwj] zgdf ;Tsf/ ul/Psf] lyof] . cfufdL tLg jif{sf nflu KofJ;gn] gof“ g] t[Tj rog ub} {5 . s] Gb, kb] z, lhNnf / kflnsfsf sfdsfh Pj+ gLlt lgod Joj:yfkg ug] { bfloTj klg gof“ ;ldltsf] x'g] 5 .

KofA;gsf jl/i7 pkfWoIf dw';"bg s] ;Lsf] :jfut dGtJoaf6 z'? ePsf] sfo{qmddf s] GbLo ;b:ox? ofbj lu/L, s] zj yfkf, s] GbLo n] vf ;ldltsf ;b:o ;l/tf b] jsf] 6f, lgjt{dfg s] GbLo ;b:o nDaf] b/ nfld5fg] , n'lDagL kb] zsf jl/i7 pkfWoIf dx] Gb clwsf/L, 3f] / fxL pkdxfgu/ cWoIf jL/] Gb rGb, t'n;Lk'/ pkdxfgu/ cWoIf lul//fh 8f“uL, ndxL gu/kflnsf cWoIf gf/fo0f e';fn, /fKtL ufp“kflnsf cWoIf zf] efs/ e';fn / d] wfjL 5fqf cfof] hs Pk] S; sDKo'6/sf ;~rfns wd{ s] ;Ln] z'esfdgf dGtJo JoQm ug'{ePsf] lyof] . sfo{qmdsf] ;xhLs/0f ;lrj vu] Zj/ kf} 8] nn] ug'{ePsf] lyof] .

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(Dec. 29, 2021)

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s'/}df ;Lldt ;f+:s[lts ¿kfGt/0f s[lif pTkfbg a[l4sf] kefjsf/L of]hgf agfpm g] kfn kfs[lts?kdf hlt g} ;'Gb/ eP klg cfly{s?kdf ljkGgtfaf6 d'Qm x'g pNn] Vo kof; eO/x] sf] 5} g . g] kfn ef} uf] lns?kdf ;fgf] 5 t/ ;Defjgfsf lx;fan] s'g} klg If] qdf sdhf] / 5} g . hn, h+un, hldg / h8La'6Lsf] wgL b] z g] kfndf sfd ug] { hgzlQm klg kof{Kt 5 . o;/L x] bf{ …kfFr hÚnfO{ ;d[l4sf] cfwf/ agfpg ;lsg] kof{Kt ;Defjgf 5 . b] zleq sfd gkfP/ hgzlQmsf] 7"nf] lx:;f b] zaflx/ 5 . cgf} krfl/s tYof+sx?sf cg';f/ clxn] klg ^) nfv hgzlQm b] zaflx/ 5 . b] zleq kfs[lts ;f] t ;fwg kof] uljxLg eP/ al;/x] sf 5g\ / hlt kof] u ePsf 5g\, To;sf] klg ;b'kof] ueGbf b'?kof] u g} a9L ePsf] 5 . kfs[lts ;f] t ;fwgdf ;Lldt JolQmx?sf] xfnLd'xfnL 5, pgLx?n] klg /fHonfO{ /fhZj 7uL u/] / sfd ul//x] sf 5g\ . h;af6 s] xL yf] / } dfG5] x? wgL aGg] t/ 7"nf] lx:;fsf] hg;+Vof cefjdf /xg] l:ylt x6fpg pNn] Vo kxn x'g ;ls/x] sf] 5} g . xfdL w] / } If] qdf k/lge{/ 5f} +, h;n] ubf{ Aofkf/ 3f6f al9/x] sf] 5 . la8Dagfsf] s'/ f t s] 5 eg] s[lifkwfg elgg] b] zdf cfwf/e"t cGgafnL ;d] t ljb] zaf6} leœofpg'kg] { afWotf 5 . cfd g] kfnLn] kof] u ug] { cGgafnL rfdn xf] , o;df klg xfdL cfTdlge{/ x'g ;ls/x] sf 5} gf} + . g] kfnnfO{ jflif{s $& nfv d] lS6«s 6g rfdn cfjZos kb{5 . t/ kltjif{ #%–#& d] l6«s 6g rfdn dfq} pTkfbg eO/x] sf] 5 . To;f] t kl5Nnf] kfFr jif{df wfgsf] pTkfbg a[l4 ePsf] b] lvPsf] 5 . s[lif dGqfnosf cg';f/ cfly{s jif{ @)&#÷&$ df !% nfv %@ xhf/ rf/ ;o ^( x] S6/ If] qkmndf wfg /f] Kbf %@ nfv #) xhf/ tLg ;o @& d] l6«s6g wfg pTkfbg ePsf] df cfj @)&&÷&* df !$ nfv &# xhf/ rf/ ;o &$ x] S6/ If] qkmndf wfg /f] Kbf %^ nfv @! xhf/ ;ft ;o !) d] l6«s6g wfg pTkfbg ePsf] lyof] . wfg pTkfbgsf] kl/df0f a9] klg wfg v] tL x'g] hldgsf] dfqf a9\g ;s] sf] 5} g a? 36] sf] b] lvG5 . ljut kfFr jif{sf] t'ngfdf g] kfndf wfg v] tL x'g] hldgsf] dfqf sl/a Ps nfv x] S6/ 36] sf] 5 . kfFr jif{cl3 !% nfv %@ xhf/ x] S6/df wfg v] tL ul/g] eP klg ut jif{;Dd cfOk'Ubf of] If] qkmn !$ nfv &# xhf/ x] S6/df ;Lldt ePsf] 5 . o;af6 v] tL x'g] hldg 36] sf] t/ pTkfbg a[l4 ePsf] b] lvG5 . hUufsf] cg'kftdf wfg v] tL a9\g' ;sf/fTds kl/;"rs xf] t/ kfFr jif{df wfg v] tL x'g] hUuf &( xhf/ x] S6/ 36\g' ;f] rgLo ;jfn xf] . g] kfndf s'n $! nfv x] S6/ v] tLof] Uo hldg 5 . t/ s'n v] tLof] Uo hldgdWo] %% kltzt If] qkmndf dfq} v] tL eO/x] sf] 5 / kltjif{ of] qmd cem al9/x] sf] 5 . v] tL ug] { qmd 3l6/x] sf] 5 < v] tLof] Uo hldgdf Knl6ª eP/ xf] jf v] tL ug] { ls;fg geP/ xf] < jf cGo s'g} sf/0fn] xf] , o;sf] oyfy{ sf/0f vf] hL u/L wfg v] tL x'g] hldgsf] If] qkmn a9fpFb} n} hfg'k5{ . clxn] g] kfndf s'n cfjZostfsf] sl/a !% kltzt rfdn cfoft eO/x] sf] 5 . tYof+sx?sf cg';f/ g] kfndf cfoft x'g] rfdndf a9L dfqfdf dl;gf] rfdn 5 . g] kfndf wfg pTkfbg 36] sf] eg] xf] Og a? a9] s} 5 t/ a9\bf] hg;+VofnfO{ wfGg ;ls/x] sf] 5} g . g] kfndf pTkfbg x'g] wfgdWo] ^& kltzt df] 6f] rfdn x'G5 t/ kl5Nnf] ;dodf g] kfndf dl;gf] / af:gfbf/ rfdnsf] dfu a9\b} uPsf] 5 . o;n] g] kfnL hgtfsf] hLjg:t/ km] l/b} uPsf] klg b] vfpF5 . ul/aL sd x'Fb} hfg' / j} b] lzs /f] huf/Lnufotsf sf/0fn] gful/sdf qmozlQm a9] sfn] klg dl;gf] rfdnsf] dfu al9/x] sf] a'em\g ufxf] 5} g . cfly{s kl/;"rssf] Pp6f cfwf/ qmozlQm klg xf] . dflg;sf] cfly{s cj:yf /fdf] eP g u'0f:t/Lo pkef] Uo j:t'sf] vf] hL ug] { xf] . o;n] lj:tf/} g] kfndf dWodjuL{o hg;+Vof a9\b} uPsf] b] vfpF5 . :yfloTjsf] lx;fan] g] kfnL hgtfsf] cfly{s kl/;"rsdf pNn] Vo ;'wf/ gcfPsf] eP klg pkef] u z} nL km] l/Psf] 5 . cfd pkef] Qmfdf km] l/b} uPsf] pkef] u z} nLsf] cfwf/df pTkfbgsf] of] hgf klg abNb} n} hfg' cfjZos x'G5 . o;n] Psflt/ pTkfbgdf cfTdlge{/ tfsf] vf] hL ug{ ;lhnf] x'G5 eg] dx+uf] j:t' pTkfbg ubf{ ls;fgsf] hLjg:t/df klg ;'wf/ cfpg] ;+efjgf a9\5 . ;/sf/n] b] zel/sf] v] tLof] Uo hldgsf] cWoog u/] / sxfF s'g afnL ;Dej 5, To;sf nflu ks] 6 If] q 5'6\ofpg] / cfd g] kfnLn] b} lgs pkef] u ug] { wfg pTkfbg a[l4 ug{ kefjsf/L of] hgf agfpg' cfjZos 5 .

s;n] s] eg] < dfcf] jfbL s] Gbsf] dxflwj] zgdf k:t't b:tfj] h ;;{tL{ k9\bf k'/ fg} PsbnLo Joj:yfsf] wªwªL af] s] sf] sfNklgs ;dfhjfbsf] Zj} / sn\ kgfsf] kf] sf] h:tf] nfUof] .

– 8f= afa'/ fd e§/fO{ -dfcf] jfbLsf k"j{g] tf_ kmfOh/ vf] k;Fu} cfpg'kg{] l;l/Gh kfljlws sf/0fn] cfPg, cleofg Ps–b'O{ lbgkl5 z'? ul/g] 5 .

– 8f= ;dL/s'df/ clwsf/L -:jf:Yo dGqfnosf ;xkjQmf_ lghL If] qsf] ;d:of ;dfwfg ug{ ;/sf/ tof/ b] lvPg .

– z] v/ uf] N5f -g] kfn pBf] u jfl0fHo dxf;+3sf cWoIf_ dfcf] jfbL kf6L{ agfpg] xf] eg] z'?df kr08 kl/jf/jfbsf] 3] / faf6 aflx/ lg:sg'k5{ . kl/jf/df km:b} hfFbf kr08;Fu cfdg] tf–sfo{stf{sf] kx'Fr k'Ug ;s] sf] 5} g . kl/jf/sf] 3] / f gtf] 8\g] xf] eg] kf6L{ aGb} g .

– jL/] Gb a:g] t -emfkfaf6 dxflwj] zgdf cfPsf a] kQf kl/jf/sf ;b:o_

dfcf] jfbL s] Gbsf cWoIf kr08n] kf6L{sf] cf7f} + dxflwj] zgdf k:t't ug'{ePsf] /fhgLlts kltj] bgsf] cGTodf elgPsf] 5– ……sfn{dfS;{sf] ;'kl;4 k:yfkgf …bfz{lgsx?n] ;+;f/sf] JofVof dfq u/] sf 5g\, d'Vo s'/ f] ;+;f/nfO{ abNg' xf] Ú nfO{ cfTd;ft ub} { cfkm} nfO{ abNg] / b'lgof“nfO{ abNg] qmflGtsf/L ?kfGt/0fsf] cleofgdf Psh'6 xf] cf} + .ÚÚ kltj] bgn] ;f+: s[lts ?kfGt/0fnfO{ dxTj lbOPsf] 5 / …;f+: s[lts qmflGtÚsf] cfjZostfnfO{ cf} +NofPsf] 5 . dfcf] jfbLn] o;cl3 klg ;f+: s[lts ?kfGt/0fnfO{ dxTj lbPsf] kfOG5 . hgo'4sf] a] nfdf t p;n] o;nfO{ cem a9L dxTj lbPsf] lyof] . ;f+: s[lts ?kfGt/0fnfO{ p;n] lbPsf] dxTj Jojxf/df eg] ck] Iff cg';f/ slxNo} kltlalDat ePg . kf6L{df ;f+: s[lts ljrng qmdzM a9\b} uof] . cfh ;f+: s[lts ljrng cem a9] sf] 5 . ;f+: s[lts ?kfGt/0fnfO{ ljz] if dxTj lbg'kg] { afWofTds l:yltdf dfcf] jfbL cfOk'u] sf] 5 . …cfkm} nfO{ abNg] Ú ljifonfO{ lbOPsf] dxTj o;} ;“u ;DalGwt 5 . dfcf] jfbL kf6L{df kfOg] ;f+: s[lts ljrngsf] tl:j/ cGo s'g} ;+;bLo /fhgLlts zlQmx?df kfOg] ;f+: s[lts ljrngsf] tl:j/eGbf leGg 5} g . s} of} + dfcf] jfbL g] tf, sfo{stf{ t cGo kf6L{df b] lvPsf] ;f+: s[lts ljrngsf] lrqeGbf cfkm\gf] kf6L{df b] lvPsf] ;f+: s[lts ljrngsf] lrq cem 8/nfUbf] ePsf] pNn] v u5{g\ . g] kfnL ;dfhsf] cfd"n ?kfGt/0fsf] lglDt bz jif{ hgo'4 u/] sf] kf6L{df cfPsf] ;f+: s[lts ljrngsf] tl:j/nfO{ x] / ] / dflg;x? 5Ss kg'{ / cg] sg l6Kk0fLx? ul/g' :jfefljs 5 . /fhgLlts kltj] bg :jo+n] kf6L{df sldzg, ei6frf/, of} g cg} ltstf, JolQmjfb, kb / k} ;fsf] cfzlQm a9] sf] pNn] v u/] sf] 5 . of] ljrng dflyb] lv tn;Dd} 5 . ;f+: s[lts ljrng kfoM dflyaf6} cf/De x'G5 / tn tn;Dd km} lnG5 . dfcf] jfbL s] Gbdf b] lvPsf] ;f+: s[lts ljrngsf] tl:j/sf sf/0f s] o:tf] kf6L{n] qmflGtsf] g] t[Tj ug{ ;S5 eGg] kZg To; kf6L{df uDeL/?kdf p7] sf] kfOG5 . qmflGtsf s'/ f / ;f+: s[lts ljrngsf] tl:j/ dfcf] jfbL kf6L{df b] lvb} cfPsf] Ps 7"nf] lj/f] wfef; xf] . dfcf] jfbLdf ;f+: s[lts ljrng hgo'4sf] ;dob] lv g} b] lvg z'? u/] sf] xf] . hgo'4sf] ljsf;;“u;“u} :yfgLo ;Qfx?sf] cEof; ub} { dfcf] jfbL cl3 a9\g z'? u¥of] . kf6L{ 7"nf] / zlQmzfnL aGb} uof] . ;z:q kf6L{ Pj+ To;sf andf :yflkt ;Qf / ;Qfsf] cEof;;“u;“u} ;f+: s[lts ljrng klg b] lvg yfNof] . ;Qfsf] cEof;n] ;f+: s[lts ljrngnfO{ hGd lbG5 . ;Qf ljrngsf] Ps dxTjk"0f{ sf/s xf] . ;Qfsf] ks[ltd} of] cGtlg{lxt /xG5 . dfS;{n] /fHoljxLg /fHosf] s'/ f To;} u/] sf xf] Ogg\ . ;Qfsf] cEof;df uPkl5 sDo'lgi6 kf6L{x?n] ;f+: s[lts ?kfGt/0fnfO{ cem a9L dxTj lbG5g\ / lbg' klg k5{ . hgo'4sf] ;dodf ;Qfsf] cEof; ubf{ dfcf] jfbLn]

;+;bLo klqmofaf6 ;dfhjfbsf] lbzflt/ cl3 a9\g rfxg] sDo'lgi6 kf6L{x? cfhsf] ;+/ rgfnfO{ abNb} 5} gg\, pN6} ab\lnb} 5g\ . cfkm" cg's"n agfpFb} 5 cfhsf] ;+/ rgfn] pgLx?nfO{ . /fHo ;~rfngdf, lgjf{rgdf, /fhgLlt, g} lts cfbz{df cfhsf] ;+/ rgfn] h:tf] vf] H5 To:t} aGb}5g\ pgLx? . s'g} 5'§} rl/q pgLx?df b] lvGg . cfhsf] ;+/ rgf;Fusf] of] ‘cgs"ng’ pb] s nfUbf] dfq 5} g, 8/nfUbf] klg 5 . o:tf] rl/qn] bnfn k"FhLjfb;Fu ;+3if{ ub} {g .

b[li6sf]0f ;f+: s[lts ?kfGt/0fnfO{ uDeL/tfk"j{s cl3 a9fpg ;s] g . ;f+: s[lts ?kfGt/0f lqmofTds sd krf/fTds gf/f a9L eof] . ;f+: s[lts ?kfGt/0f klg eGb} ul/of] , d"No lj36g klg a9\b} uof] . cfly{s lxgfldgfsf, of} g c/fhstf / r/d JolQmjfbsf s} of} + 36gfx? To;a] nf klg ;fj{hlgs ePs} x'g\ . zflGtklqmofdf cfPsf] s] xL ;dod} hgo'4df nfu] sf s} of} + dflg;sf] hLjgdf 7"nf] cfly{s kl/jt{g b] lvof] . hLjgz} nL k"/ } ab\lng yfNof] . lj:tf/} lj:tf/} s} of} + ;Gbe{df Pdfn] / sf+u] ;nfO{ klg dfy ug] { u/L dfcf] jfbLdf ;f+: s[lts ljrng b] lvg z'? u¥of] . Toxf“ klg gof“ ju{ hlGdg yfNof] . bnfn, t:s/, ei6x? lko nfUg yfn] . kf6L{ sfo{stf{, g] tfsf] Pp6f k+lQm, 7] s] bf/, hUuf bnfn / sld;g vf] / df ?kfGtl/t eof] . kb, klti7f, k} ;f s] Gbdf cfof] . ;fdGtjfbL / pkef] QmfjfbL d"Nosf] uhasf] ld>0fsf ?kdf dfcf] jfbL b] lvg yfNof] . cfbz{, Tofu, g} ltstf, Odfgbfl/tf, cg'zf;g lj/fgf aGg yfn] . lxhf] hgo'4sf a] nfdf …qmflGtsf/L k] d ljjfxÚ ug] {x? csL{ l6k] / lx8\g yfn] . of] cfkm} n] dlxdfdl08t u/] sf] hgo'4sf] pkxf; dfq lyPg, g} lts d"Nosf] uDeL/ Ifo klg lyof] . g} lts d"Nosf] uDeL/ IfoLs/0fsf aLr qmflGt / kl/jt{gsf] s'/ f cfd dflg;sf lglDt …hf] sÚ l;jfo c? s] xL ktLt x'“b} g . ;f+: s[lts ?kfGt/0fsf b'O{ cfofd 5g\ . Pp6f cfofd kf6L{ hLjg;“u ;DalGwt 5 . kf6L{nfO{ kf6L{sf] nIo / cfbz{ cg'?k cl3 a9fpg'k5{ . To;sf lglDt g] tf, sfo{stf{sf] ;f+: s[lts ?kfGt/0f cfjZos x'G5 . kf6L{sf] hLjgdf ;f+: s[lts ?kfGt/0fsf] tfTko{ g] tf, sfo{stf{nfO{ kf6L{sf] Wo] o / cfbz{ cg';f/ abNg' xf] .

To;/L abNg ;lsPg eg] kf6L{n] nIo g} kfKt ug{ ;Sb} g . p;sf] af6f] g} df] l8G5 / cGt} k'U5 . sDo'lgi6 kf6L{sf g] tf, sfo{stf{ sDo'lgi6 ljZj b[li6sf] 0f, cf:yf / cfbz{ cg'?k lx8\g} k5{ . ;fd"lxstf, ;fdfGo hLjg, >dklt ;Ddfg / pTkfbgdf ;xeflutf, cg'zf;g, pRr g} ltstf, pbfQ d"Nosf] cfTd;ft, hgtfklt pQ/bfoL, cj} 1flgs, ctfls{s, ?l9jfbL lrGtg / unt k/Dk/fsf] lj/f] w / hLjgkIfLo ;+: s[ltsf] lgdf{0fkltsf] klta4tf / ;lqmotfn] Pp6f sDo'lgi6nfO{ c?af6 5'6\ofp“5 . sDo'lgi6 kf6L{df ljleGg ju{af6

u 8f= cd/ lu/L cfPsf sfo{stf{, g] tf x'G5g\ . pgLx?df cf–cfkm\gf ju{sf 5fk x'G5g\ . 5fk d"ntM b[li6sf] 0f / d"Nosf ?kdf /x] sf] x'G5 . k'/ fgf] ;+/ rgf kbQ kefjx? pgLx?leq alnof x'G5g\ . oL ;a} nfO{ gabn] sDo'lgi6 kf6L{ sxL+ k'Ug ;Sb} g . ;f+: s[lts ?kfGt/0fsf] csf] { cfofd ;dfh;“u hf] l8G5 . ;dfhnfO{ ;f+: s[lts ?kdf abNg'k5{ . gof“ ;dfh lgdf{0f ;f+: s[lts ?kfGt/0fljgf ;Dej 5} g . sDo'lgi6 kf6L{x?n] cfkm\gf] dfq xf] Og, ;dfhsf] ;f+: s[lts ?kfGt/0fnfO{ klg dxTj lbG5g\ / lbg'k5{ . kf6L{ hLjgsf] ;f+: s[lts ?kfGt/0f / ;dfhsf] ;f+: s[lts ?kfGt/0f cGt/;DalGwt 5g\ . g] kfnsf] sDo'lgi6 cfGbf] ngdf ;f+: s[lts ?kfGt/0f sygLsf] ljifo /x“b} cfPsf] 5 . ;ft bzseGbf nfdf] Oltxf;df ;f+: s[lts ?kfGt/0fsf b[li6n] sDo'lgi6 cfGbf] ng hxf“sf] ToxL+ 5 eGbf x'G5 . kl5Nnf jif{x?df o;df ;f+: s[lts ?kn] cem a9L ljs[lt / lj;+ultx? b] lvPsf 5g\ . lj;+ult / ljs[ltx? b[li6sf] 0fb] lv cfr/0f;Dd kltlalDat ePsf kfOG5g\ . vf; u/L of] ;d:of ;+;bLo /fhgLltdf ;lqmo Pdfn] / dfcf] jfbL s] Gb h:tf /fhgLlts zlQmx?df /x] sf] 5 . ef} ltsjfbsf] 7fp“ cfbz{jfbn] lnb} 5 . Tofusf] 7fp“df ef] u ;jf] {k/L aGb} 5 . ;fdfGo xf] Og j} ejk"0f{ hLjg, ;fd"lxstf xf] Og JolQmjfb, hgtf / d'n's xf] Og cfkm" / cfkm\gf] kl/jf/ cflb dxTjk"0f{ aGb} 5g\ . ;Qf / zlQmsf] ljlrq nfn;f / To;sf lglDt h] klg ug{ kl5 gkg] { kj[lQsf] ljsf; x'“b} 5 . oL s'g} klg s'/ f sDo'lgi6 rl/qleq kb} {gg\ . sDo'lgi6 kf6L{sf] dflyNnf] g] t[Tj d} ;d:of uDeL/?kdf ljBdfg 5 . tnlt/ t emg\ x'g] g} eof] . nIo Pp6f, sfo{lbzf Pp6f, uGtJo Pp6f t/ ;f+: s[lts lrGtg / cfr/0f cs} {, s'/ f] qmflGt / kl/jt{gsf] Jojxf/ ltgnfO{ kl5 ws] Ng] vfnsf] . of] cfhsf] uDeL/ ;d:of xf] ;+;bLo klqmofsf dfWodaf6 cl3 a9\g rfxg] sDo'lgi6 kf6L{ / cfGbf] ngsf] . kr08n] /fhgLlts kltj] bgdf xfdL / c?aLrdf leGgt} b] lvg 5f8\of] eg] / oxL s6' / dfld{s ;Tosf] pb\3f6g ug'{ePsf] 5 . t/ d'Vo g] tfsf b[li6n] kr08 :jo+ o;sf lglDt ;a} eGbf a9L pQ/bfoL x'g'x'G5 . oxL s'/ f] Pdfn] sf] zLif{ g] t[Tjdf klg nfu' x'G5 . Pdfn] sf] ljwfg clwj] zg / kf] v/f dxflwj] zgdf cf] nLsf 7"nf–7"nf …d:s6Úx? /flvof] . sDo'lgi6 lrGtg / cfr/0f;“u

d] n gvfg] s'/ f lyof] of] . o;sf] ltvf] cfnf] rgf eof] . dfcf] jfbLsf] dxflwj] zgdf oxL b[Zo b] lvof] . Jofks cfnf] rgfkl5 kr08sf …d:s6Ú x? x6fOof] . of] Pp6f ;fgf] pbfx/0f xf] h;n] cfGbf] ngdf x'“b} u/] sf] ;f+: s[lts IfoLs/0fnfO{ xfdf cufl8 /fV5 . ;fdGtjfbL ;f+: s[lts d"No t xfdLleq af“r] s} 5, k"“hLjfbL ljs[t ;f+: s[lts d"Nox?sf] kefj klg xfdLdf hah{: t ?kdf kb} {5 . ;+;bLo klqmofaf6 ;dfhjfbsf] lbzflt/ cl3 a9\g rfxg] sDo'lgi6 kf6L{x? cfhsf] ;+/ rgfnfO{ abNb} 5} gg\, pN6} ab\ lnb} 5g\ . cfkm" cg's"n agfp“b} 5 cfhsf] ;+/ rgfn] pgLx?nfO{ . /fHo ;~rfngdf, lgjf{rgdf, /fhgLlt, g} lts cfbz{df cfhsf] ;+/ rgfn] h:tf] vf] H5 To:t} aGb}5g\ pgLx? . s'g} 5'§} rl/q pgLx?df b] lvGg . cfhsf] ;+/ rgf;“usf] of] …cgs"ngÚ pb] s nfUbf] dfq 5} g, 8/nfUbf] klg 5 . o:tf] rl/qn] bnfn k"“hLjfb;“u ;+3if{ ub} {g . pm gjpbf/jfbd} x/fp“5 / cGttM ;lsG5 . ;+3if{ ug'{kg] { ;+/ rgf;“u ;dGjo / To;df ;dflxt x'g] b[li6sf] 0f / rl/q cfhsf] uDeL/ ;d:of xf] . l;4fGt, ljrf/, gLlt dfq 7Ls eP/ x'Gg kf6L{sf] ;f+: s[lts hLjg klg pRr x'g'k5{ . sfo{lbzfaf6 dfq ;a} s'/ fsf] l5gf] kmfgf] x'Gg, d"Nosf] kZg klg TolQs} dxTjk"0f{ x'G5 . ;f+: s[lts?kdf 7Ls g/x] sfx?n] cfGbf] ngsf] cu'jfO ug{ ;Sb} gg\, u/] Pp6f ljGb'df k'u] / Tof] b'3{6gfu:t x'G5 . sDo'lgi6 kf6L{x? ?kfGtl/t x'g g;Sbf cfGbf] ngx? ;lsPsf 5g\ . dfcf] sf] cu'jfOdf lrlgof“ sDo'lgi6 kf6L{n] ;f+: s[lts qmflGtsf] cf/De To;} u/] sf] lyPg . To;df ePsf sdhf] / Lx? cfkm\gf 7fp“df 5g\ t/ To;sf] p2] Zo laub} hfg yfn] sf] sDo'lgi6 kf6L{nfO{ leqaf6} km] g'{ lyof] , cfGbf] ngnfO{ alnof] agfpg' / qmflGtsf pknlAwx?nfO{ hf] ufpg' lyof] . kr08n] /fhgLlts kltj] bgdf kf6L{ hLjgsf] ;f+: s[lts ?kfGt/0fnfO{ dxTj t lbg'ePsf] 5 t/ d'Vo s'/ f] Jojxf/df sfof{Gjog ug'{ xf] . sfof{Gjog ug{ Tolt ;lhnf] 5} g . of] sfd klxn] la/fnf] sf] 3f“6Ldf s;n] 3G6L af“Wg] eg] em} + xf] . dflyNnf] g] t[Tjaf6} o;sf] cf/De x'g'k5{ . pgLx?sf] a;fO, njfO, v'jfO, lx8fOnufot ofjt s'/ fdf kl/jt{g cfpg'k5{ . kl/jt{gnfO{ cfd sfo{stf{, ;dy{s / z'e] R5'sx?n] ;lhn} lgofNg ;Sg'k5{ . g] t[Tj sDo'lgi6 kf6L{sf] h:t} nfUg'k5{ s'g} skf] {/ ] 6 3/fgfsf] d'lvof h:tf] xf] Og . o;sf] kefj tn} ;Dd ulx/f] u/L kg] {5 / ?kfGt/0f cf/De x'g] 5 . o;sf lglDt 7f] ; sfo{qmd g} rflxG5 . o;f] u/f} + eg] / dfq kf/ kfOg] ljifo xf] Og of] . oBlk of] af] w;‘“u ulx/f] u/L hf] l8Psf] 5 t/ ;'ki6 sfo{qmdsf] vf“rf] klg TolQs} 5 . s] dfcf] jfbL o;} u/L cl3 a9\nf < d'Vo g] t[Tjaf6} ;f+: s[lts ?kfGt/0fsf] cf/De xf] nf < cfp“bf lbgx?df zAb / sd{aLrsf] b"/ L ;f“3'l/Pnf < d h:tf w] / } dfG5] x? oL kZgx?sf] pQ/ ;sf/fTds cfOlbP x'GYof] eGg] rfxG5g\ .

;dLIff / ck]Iff † Pshgf dfcf] jfbL :yfoL ;ldltsf ;b:o Pj+ dGqL bfª k'u] 5g\ s] xL jif{ klxn] . pgL Toxf“ hf“bf :jfut, ;Tsf/sf nflu t} gfy ;'/ IffsdL{;lxt t:s/sf n:s/ / tfdemfd b] v] / dfG5] n] …v'daxfb'/ v8\sfnfO{ pl5g] sf] Ú l6Kk0fL u/] 5g\ . hgo'4df nfu] sf OdfgL g] tfn] b'Mv dgfp“b} ;'gfPsf lyP plta] nf . ut xKtf Pdfn] sf cWoIf Pj+ k"j{kwfgdGqL s] kL zdf{ cf] nL slknj:t' cfPsf lyP h;kf g] tf d+unk;fb u'KtfnfO{ Pdfn] agfpg . t/ cf] nL slknj:t' cfp“bf e} / xjfb] lv axfb'/ u~h;Dd hlt :jfutåf/ agfOP5g\ / h:tf] Jojxf/ ul/P5, Tof] b] v] / k'/ fgf /fhfsf] ;jf/L rnfpg] rngnfO{ pl5g] sf] nfu] 5 sltko ;HhgnfO{ . of] s'/ f klg Pdfn] leqs} ladfn] ldqn] ;'gfPsf x'g\ . ;f“Rr} To:tf] ePsf] lyof] jf lyPg ug] {, b] Vg] / ef] Ug] x?n] g} hfg'g\ . sfgn] ;'g] sf] ;Gb] z ;~rf/sf] d} bfgdf la:s'g ;'sfPsf] dfq} xf] of] kª\ltsf/n] . pgLx?sf g] tfsf] :jfut / ;Tsf/ gu?g\ eGg] ;f] r x} g / 5} g . b] Vg] nfO{ klg cln xhd x'g] tl/sfn] u/] x'G5 . :jo+ ;Hhg dfcf] jfbL / ladfn] n] klg krfpg g;s] sf] Tof] :jfut / ;Tsf/ b] v] / c?n] s] ;f] r] xf] nfg\ < cfkm} ljrf/ ug{ ;lsG5 . dfcf] jfbLsf ;jf] {Rr sdf08/ kr08sf] hLjgz} nL sf+u] ;sf ;Gt g] tf :j= s[i0fk;fb e§/fO{sf] h:tf] ;'/ fxL, 5ftf / afs; af] s] / 8] / f ;g] { vfnsf] xf] ;\ eg] / s;} n] klg rfx] sf] x} g . xf] lr ldGxsf] h:tf] /xf] ;\ eg] sf] klg 5} g . t/ pgs} /fhgLlts u'? df] xg a} B …ls/0fÚsf] h:tf] /x] sf] eP h'g cfb/ / ;Ddfg kfp“y] , Tof] rflx“ u'd] sf] 5 . cf/f] k / nfG5gf nufpg] n] klg u0ftGqsf gof“ /fhfsf ?kdf rrf{ ug] { df} sf kfPsf] 5 . To:tf] df} sf glbPs} eP s] lauGYof] / < o:tf ljifo / Jojxf/sf] ;dLIff xf] nf ls gxf] nf x“ < uw{g lrnfP/ o;/L ljifo p7fg ul/Psf] x} g, ;dfhn] krfpg g;s] sf] kfP/ klqsfsf kfgfdf kf] lvlbPsf] dfq} xf] , l/;fgL dfkm xf] ;\ . g] skf dfcf] jfbL s] Gbsf] /fli6«o ;Dd] ng pkm{ cf7f} + dxflwj] zg hf/L 5 . …ljutdf ePsf uNtL sdhf] / Lsf] lgd{d

tl/sfn] ;dLIff ul/g] Ú eg] sf] klg ;'lgPs} 5 . ul/Psf] klg xf] nf dxflwj] zg sIfleq .

Tof] kljq sfdgf / efjgfsf] lrq / rl/q b] lvPnf s] xL lbg, xKtf jf dlxgfleq . sDo'lgi6 cfrf/0flagf cfj/0fn] dfq wfGg;Sg] cj:yf /x] g ca . ;j{;fwf/0f hgtfdf sDo'lgi6kltsf] df] xe+u c? s;} n] u/fPsf] klg x} g, 5} g . ;/sf/df uP/ u/] sf ;Tsd{ jf s'sd{n] u/fPsf] xf] . xftdf cfPsf] ;Qf / ;/sf/ ;DxfNg g;Sg] n] csf{nfO{ wf/] xft nufP/ ;/fKb} df kms{b} g / ;bfrf/L klg eO“b} g . rfl/lqs / cfly{s ljrngsf] hLjgz} nL, cfrf/, ljrf/ / Jojxf/ b] lv/x] sf] 5 b'lgof“n] . b] z / hgtfsf] d'xf/ km] g{ uPsfx?n] cfkm\g} d'xf/ / Jojxf/ km] / ] sf] . rfpr] : s'sf] h:tf] hLjgz} nL latfPsf] , /fi6«nfO{ l/Qf] agfP/ df] h / ef] h u/] sf] . To;} n] t xf] o;/L gj ke'x?;“u ljGtL la;fpg' k/] sf] . ;+3Lotf / wd{lg/k] Iftf wf/0f u/] sf] ;+ljwfg aGbf;fy b] z :ju{ aG5 elgPsf] lyof] . aGof] klg bn bnsf dfbn ahfpg / kx'“r k'¥ofpg ;Sg] enx?nfO{, ;j{;fwf/0f hgtfnfO{ g/ssf] ;f:tL oyfjt /x] klg . ;f+;b / dGqLsf] pTkfbgdf sLlt{dfg sfod ul/Psf] 5, c? s'g} cTofjZos j:t' -dfn_ pTkfbg ug] { pBf] u wGbf / sn–sf/vfgf vf] Ng g;s] klg . wd{ kl/jt{gdf klg ct'ngLo kult ePs} 5 . b] zsf x/] s s'gf sfKrf, kxf8 / d} bfgdf htf uof] pt} rr{ / dl:hb e] l6G5g\ . ufp“ zx/sf lk5l8Psf j:tL / blnt, hghflt Pj+ ljkGg kl/jf/x?n] k/Dk/fut kj{ dfGg 5fl8;s] . ;ft ;d'b kfl/sf kj{ / ;+: sf/ cg'z/0f ug{ yfln;s] . b'u{lt t xfdf] ;Eotf, ;+: s[lt, ;+: sf/, cfrf/, ljrf/ / Jojxf/sf] ePsf] 5 . Joj:yf km] l/bf ljlQs} cj:yf km] l/G5 eg] sf] oxL xf] ;/sf/ † ;fdflhs ;~hfndf ef/tsf] lbNnL / g] kfnsf] afudtL kb] zsf] t'ngf u/] / lbOPsf ;Gb] z cf] nL, b] pjf / kr08 Pj+ pgLx?sf ;Nnfxsf/n] yfxf gkfPsf] t gxf] nf . …kb] zdf ^–& dGqfno g} kof{Kt x'G5, gq /fHo sf] ifn] y] Ug ;Sb} gÚ ;fj{hlgs vr{ k'g/fjnf] sg cfof] usf 8f= l8NnL/fh vgfnn] ;d] t ;r] t u/fPsf

/x] 5g\ . b] znfO{ 6f6 kN6fpg / 3f6df k'¥ofpg pBt eP xfdf ;/sf/ / bnx? . …o:t} ljs[ltn] ubf{ ;+3Lotf lsg rlxof] , kb] z lsg rflxof] eg] / kZg p7\g yfn] Ú eg] / ;+3Lotfsf hfgsf/ Pj+ /fli6«o;efsf ;f+;b 8f= lvdnfn b] jsf] 6fn] lrGtf ks6 u/] 5g\ . cj:yf lrGtfhgs 5, Joj:yf w/fkdf 5, hf] ufpg] s;n] < …;Qf l6sfpg dGqfno 6'q\mofp“b} dGqL yk] / /fHosf] ifsf] bf] xgÚ ul/Psf] 5 . …@@ dGqfno / #! dGqL ylkbf jflif{s b'O{ ca{ kzf;lgs Jooef/Ú a9] 5 . …rf/ jif{df !$ d'VodGqL, Ps ;o ^# dGqL M afudtLsf Ps ;o !) ;f+;bdWo] #! kltztn] dGqL vfO;s] Ú 5g\ . kfnf] s'/ ] sfx?n] cj;/ kfp“bf;Dd c? slt a9g] x'g\ < yfxf 5} g . o:tf] cj:yfn] ;+3Lotf wfGg ;lsb} g . C0f sf9] / ;f+;b / dGqL kfNg ;w} ;Dej x'“b} g . xfdf /fhgLlts bnx?n] cem} klg a'‰b} gg\ / ;'wg vf] Hb} gg\ eg] of] b] znfO{ ca s'g} zlQms] Gbsf cfzLjf{b / nufgLn] hf] ufpg ;Sg] ;Defjgf /x] g . b] zdf gof“ pBf] u / sn–sf/vfgf vf] Nnfg\, ljsf; unf{g\ / /f] huf/sf nflu ljb] z wfpg gkfnf{g\ eGg] cfz gu/] ef] . ;a} n] ;/fKg] k~rfotn] hf] 8] / 5f] 8] sf ;a} pBf] u a] r] / klg ;/sf/ kfNg g;lsg] cj:yf tof/ kf/] . bn / g] tfx?n] of] s] u/] < ;Hhgsf xftdf k/] sd;n / lau] sf] dfn klg ;kf/] / rnfp“5g\ . b'h{gsf xftdf /fdf] / c;n dfn lbP klg lauf/] / kmfN5g\ eg] sf] oxL t xf] nf lg † ;a} vfn] Joj:yf / ;+ljwfgsf] kof] u eO;Sof] g] kfndf . h:t} Joj:yf / ;+ljwfgdf hlt kfjwfg yk] klg o:t} g] t[Tj /x'~h] n ;a} gi6 / ei6 x'g] eof] . aaf{b kf/] . hlt dGqfno / dGqL yk] klg ;'ljwfef] uL b'i6x? ;Gt'i6 ePsf] kfO“b} g, ;'lgb} g . l;Ë} b] znfO{ aGwsLdf /fv] / klg xfdf g] tf, dGqL / ;f+;bnfO{ ;'ljwf k'¥ofpg ;lsb} g . g] kfn / g] kfnLn] vf] h] sf] / /f] h] sf] o:tf] sbflk gxf] nf . t/ o:tf] xf] Og / ljsNk klg 5g\ eGg] x? aflx/ k/] . cu:tLx?sf aufnn] gug'{kg] { hlt ;a} u/] . c;kmn /fi6« agfpg e"ldsf v] n] . b'ef{UonfO{ g} ;f} efUo ;Dem] / sltlbg /xg] xf] / dnfdLnfO{ hGtL dfg] / ef] h

u gf/fo0fk;fb kf} 8] n et] / v'jfpg] xf] < ;f] Rg'kg] { cj:yf cfof] . uNnL uNnLdf xNnL vNnL u/] / lx8] sf e] l6g] ;f+;b / 6f] n} lkR5] sf dGqLsf] dfg pgLx?s} lqmofsnfkn] abgfd eO;Sof] . dfggLo h:tf] zAbsf] klg ckdfg ul/of] . c? s'g} j:t' pTkfbg gx'g] b] zdf ;+f;b / dGqL dfq} a9fP/, wd{ kl/jt{g u/fP/ s] ;Gb] z lbg vf] lhPsf] xf] < ;f“Rr} sf] ;dLIff ug{'kg] { ljifo xf] nf ;+3Lotfn] lbPsf] ;s; / wd{lg/k] Iftfn] kf/] sf] b': kefj . g] tf / bnsf] cefj 5} g . nls/sf kmls/ eP/ kl5kl5 nfUg] hdftsf] sdL klg /x] g . t/ aaf{bLsf] ofqf /f] lsPg, 5] lsPg . b] Vg'kg] {af6 b] lvPg . b'u{ltsf] sf] 6f gk'u] / xf] ls, cwf] ultnfO{ g} kult dfg] / xf] a'‰g ;lsPg . ;dLIff ug{ tof/ ePsfx?af6 ca ;+3Lotf / wd{lg/k] Iftfsf] cfjZostf / cf} lrTotfsf af/] df ul/of] ;\ . hgdf] rf{ / /fkkf b'O{ ljk/Lt w'jsf /fhgLlts bn x'g\ . lrqaxfb'/ s] ;L / sdn yfkfn] Pp6} ;/sf/df a;] / , s'd hf] 8] / pk–kwfgdGqL vfPsf klg x'g\ . ;+3Lotfsf] af] Sg} g;Sg] ef/L ljb] zLn] af] sfOlbPsf] eGy] lrqaxfb'/ s] ;Ln] . ljb] zLn] g} wd{lg/k] Iftfsf] y] Ug} g;Sg] ;s; ylklbPsf] eGy] sdn yfkfn] klg . b'a} n] plrt ljifosf] p7fg u/] sf lyP / ul//x] s} 5g\ cBflk . cf] nL, kr08 / b] pjfaf6 klg ;dLIffsf] ck] Iff ul/Psf] 5 hg:t/df . ;+3Lotf / wd{lg/k] Iftfsf] ef/Laf6 lylrPsf] / lslrPsf] b] z / hgtfsf] lrTsf/ ;'lgof] ;\ / wfGg} g;Sg] ;s;af6 d'Qm ul/of] ;\ lqb] j † npaudelg@gmail.com

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(Dec. 29, 2021)

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;Nofgdf @$ xhf/ gof“F dtbftf ylkP q a'l4 k'g ;Nofg, !# k'; . ;Nofgdf em08} @$ xhf/ gof“ dtbftf ylkPsf 5g\ . gof“ dtbftf ylkPkl5 lhNnfdf xfn s'n dtbftfsf] ;+Vof Ps nfv %* xhf/ b'O{ ;o (^ k'u] sf] lhNnf lgjf{rg sfof{no ;Nofgn] hgfPsf] 5 . @)&$ ;fndf ;DkGg lgjf{rgdf lhNnfe/ Ps nfv #$ xhf/ b'O{ ;o !# dtbftf /x] sf lyP . ut d+l;/ !& ut] b] lv lgjf{rg cfof] un] z'? u/] sf] kmf] 6f] ;lxtsf] dtbftf gfdfjnLdf gfd 5'6] sfx?sf] gfdfjnL ;Íng ug] { sfo{qmdcGtu{t dfq} lhNnfdf !! xhf/ cf7 ;o %$ dtbftfsf] gfdfjnL ;+sng ul/Psf] 5 . ut sflt{s;Dd lhNnfe/ Ps nfv $^ xhf/ rf/ ;o $@ dtbftf /x] sf lyP . lgjf{rg cfof] un] 5'6] sf dtbftfx?sf] kmf] 6f] ;lxtsf] dtbftf gfdfjnLdf gfd n] vfpg ufp“ tyf gu/kflnsfsf] s] Gbdf @) lbg;Dd dtbftf gfdfjnL ;Íng sfo{qmd /fVbf 5'6] sf gf} xhf/ b'O{ ;o @% hgf dtbftfsf] gfdfjnL ;Íng ePsf] lhNnf lgjf{rg sfof{non] hgfPsf] 5 . h;df ;a} eGbf w] / } afurf} / gu/kflnsfdf b'O{ xhf/ Ps ;o !& hgfsf] gfdfjnL ;+sng ul/Psf] 5 . o:t} bfdf{ ufp“kflnsfdf Ps xhf/ cf7 ;o !!, s'dfv ufp“kflnsfdf Ps xhf/ tLg ;o #$, lqa] 0fL ufp“kflnsfdf gf} ;o &%, 5q] Zj/L ufp“kflnsfdf ;ft ;o #%, sfnLdf6L ufp“kflnsfdf ;ft ;o @&, sk'/ sf] 6 ufp“kflnsfdf 5 ;o *(, aguf8 s'lk08] gu/kflnsfdf rf/ ;o *^ / l;4 s'dfv ufp“kflnsfdf tLg ;o %! hgfsf] gfdfjnL ;+sng ul/Psf] 5 . ut d+l;/ dlxgfkl5 lhNnf lgjf{rg sfof{noaf6 Ps xhf/ Ps ;o ^),

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eg] aRg ;lsG5 . xjfO{ p8fg kefljt klts"n df} ;dsf sf/0f /fli6«o, cGt/f{li6«o p8fg kefljt ePsf 5g\ . cfsfzdf afSnf] t'jf“nf] nfu] / lelhlaln6L sd x'“bf hxfh p8fg kefljt ePsf] xf] . df} ;d k"jf{g'dfg dxfzfvfsf cg';f/ b] ze/ klZrdL Go"g rfkLo k0ffnLsf] kefj /x] sf] 5 . w] / } :yfgdf xNsfb] lv dWod jiff{ / pRr lxdfnL tyf kxf8L e] udf xNsf lxdkftsf] ;Defjgf /x] sf] dxfzfvfn] hgfPsf] 5 . kxf8L e] udf afSnf] t'jf“nf] nfu] sf] 5 eg] t/fO{sf sltko :yfgdf x': ;'÷s'lx/f] nfu] sf] 5 .

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dfnkf]t sfof{no t'n;Lk'/, bfªsf] ;fj{hlgs ;"rgf † lhNnf bfª t'n;Lk'/ pkdxfgu/kflnsf j8f g+= !@ a:g] a'l4/fd rf}w/L;d]tn] lgDg lnlvt hUufsf] >]:tfsfod / gfd;f/L u/LkfpF egL lgj]bg lbg'ePsf] x'bF f ;a}sf] hfgsf/Lsf] nflu of] ;"rgf ksflzt ul/Psf] 5 . lgj]bssf] gfddf >]:tfsfod / gfd;f/L x'g' gkg]{ sf/0f eP jf c? s;}sf] gfddf >]:tfsfod / gfd;f/L x'gk' g]{ eP jf lgj]bg jfx]s c? xsjfnf klg eP sf/0f / kdf0f;lxt of] ;"rgf ksflzt ePsf] ldltn] #% lbgleq bf]xf]/f] k/]sf] >]:tf vf/]hu/L lgj]bgssf gfddf dfq >]:tfsfod / gfd;f/L x'g' gkg]{ sf/0f v'nfO{ c?sf] klg xs nfUg] eP kdf0f;lxt >]:tfsfod / gfd;f/L ug'k{ g]{ jf c? klg xsjfnf eP xsjfnfn] cfkmgf] lhls/;lxt lgj]bg ug{ cfpg'xf]nf . tf]lsPsf] ;doleq bfjL lj/f]w ug{ gcfP sfg'g adf]lhd e}hfg] Joxf]/f ;"lrt ul/G5 .

lgj]bsn] >]:tfsfod÷gfd;f/L ug{ dfu u/]sf] hUufsf] ljj/0f uf=kf= j8f g+ lsQf g+= If]qkmn lsl;d hUufwgLsf] gfd 6/LufpF !÷s !!& )–(–!* – k/b]zL rf}w/L lhNnf bfª t'n;Lk'/ pkdxfgu/kflnsf j8f g+= !@ a:g] a'l4/fd rf}w/L / sdnL y?gLn] xfdf a'jf tyf ;;'/f k/b]zL rf}w/Lsf] ldlt @)^$÷^÷!! df d[To' ePsf] d[tssf] z]ifkl5sf] xsbf/ Psdfq kTgL 6\ofp/L y?gLsf] ldlt @)%)÷*÷@! df d[To' ePsf] d[ts bDktLsf] z]ifkl5sf] xsbf/ b'O{ 5f]/fx? h]7f a'Gw'nfn yf? / sfG5f a'l4/fd rf}w/L / Psdfq ljjflxt 5f]/L a'emf}gL rf}w/L ePsf]df h]7f] a'Gw'nfn yf?sf] ldlt @)&^÷^÷@# df d[To' ePsf] lghsf] xsbf/df Psdfq kTgL sdnL y?gL 5f]/fx? b'O{ efO sdn rf}w/L, cgGt rf}w/L ePsf] 5f]/L ;l;nf rf}w/L ePsf] xF'bf d[ts bDklQsf] kfngkf]if0f cf}iflw pkrf/ :ofxf/ ;';f/ sfhlqmof c+lzof/n] u/]sf] / d[ts k/b]zL rf}w/Lsf] gfddf btf{ >]:tf ePsf] pNn]lvt hUuf ;'s'Djf;L ;d:of ;dfwfg cfof]uaf6 @)%@ ;fndf kfKt ePsf], pQm hUufsf] >]:tf dfnkf]t sfof{no 3f]/fxL, bfªdf @)%* ;fndf cfunfuL eO{ hn]/ gi6 ePsf] xfn;Dd pQm hUuf s;} nfO{ laqmL ljt/0f gu/L xsbf/x?sf] hf]tef]udf /x]sf] x'bFf pQm hUufwgL kdf0fk"hf{ kfFp elg dfu u/]sf]n] dfu adf]lhd x'g'kg]{ xf] jf c? s;}sf]df ;d]t hUuf x'g'kg]{ eP #% lbgleq ;a't kdf0f;lxt xsbfjL ug{ cfpg'xf]nf egL of] ;"rgf ;j{;fwf/0f ;/f]sf/jfnf ;a}sf] hfgsf/Lsf] nflu ksfzg ul/Psf] 5 .

o'uaf] w ;dfrf/bftf 3f] / fxL, !# k'; . ;/:jtL dfWolds ljBfno e/tk'/ bfªsf] $! cf} + jflif{sf] T;j dgfOPsf] 5 . ljBfno Joj:yfkg ;ldltsf ;b:o lji0f' sfnfyf] sLsf] cWoIftf tyf rGbfbftf bfdf] b/ vgfnsf] kd'v cfltYotfdf ePsf] sfo{qmddf af] Ng] jQmfx?n] ljBfnosf] :t/f] Ggltdf ;d'bfo, lzIfs / ljBfyL{x?sf] ;dGjosf/L e"ldsf dxTjk"0f{ /xg] atfP . pgLx?n] ljBfnonfO{ gd"gf ljBfnosf] ?kdf kl/lrt u/fpg ;a} n] xft] dfnf] ub} { hfg] klta4tf hgfPsf lyP . ljBfnosf ;xfos kwfgfWofks ksfz 8f“uLsf] :jfut dGtJoaf6 z'?

ePsf] sfo{qmddf ljBfnosf kwfgfWofks a;Gtf kf} 8] nn] jflif{s kult kltj] bg tyf efjL sfo{qmdx? k:t't ug{'ePsf] lyof] . ;f] cj;/df ut z} lIfs ;qdf ;a} eGbf w] / } ljBfnodf pkl:yt /xg] lzlIfsf ladnf >] i7 / cIfosf] if a[l4 ug] { rGbfbftf Pj+ lzlIfsf ;flaqL >] i7nfO{ ;Ddfg ul/Psf] lyof] . ;fy} ljBfnosf] cltl/Qm lsofsnfkdf pTs[i6 x'g] ljBfyL{x?nfO{ k'/ :s[t ul/Psf] lyof] . sfo{qmddf ljBfyL{x?n] g[To tyf kltef k:t't u/] sf lyP . lzIfs /d] z uf} tdn] ;xhLs/0f ug{'ePsf] sfo{qmddf ljBfno Joj:yfkg ;ldltsf ;b:o ltns /fjt, lzIfs cleefjs ;+3sf cWoIf lzlz/ clwsf/L, ljBfyL{ ljlgtf k'g du/nufotn] af] Ng'ePsf] lyof] .

cNnf] Joj;foL a'9f pTs[i6 Ko'7fg, !# k'; -o';_– Ko'7fgdf sf] 7L lxdfn cNnf] sk8f pBf] u ;~rfng ub{} cfpg'ePsL lrqsnL a'9f 5} 7f} + /fli6«o kbz{gLdf pTs[i6 x'g'ePsf] 5 . k'; @ b] lv $ ut] ;Dd lrtjgdf ePsf] kbz{gLdf a'9fn] kbz{g u/] sf] :6n pTs[i6

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