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3f] / fxL, ! d+l;/ . tLg s/ f] 8 @! nfv %% xhf/ ?k} of“ s"n nfutdf cfly{s jif{ @)&^÷)&& ;Dd alg;Sg'kg] { nfndl6of a[xt vfg] kfgL cfof] hgfsf] sfd cem} k'/ f ePsf] 5} g . cfly{s jif{ @)&*÷)&( ;Dd Ps s/ f] 8 $& nfv Ps xhf/ ?k} of“ dfq} ah] 6 kfPsf] cfof] hgfn] cfly{s jif{ @)&(÷)*) df !# nfv %) xhf/ ?k} of“ dfq} kfof] . cem} em08} Ps s/ f] 8 ?k} of“ ah] 6 cfjZos kg] { cfof] hgfsf nflu rfn" cfly{s jif{df hDdf @% xhf/ ?k} of“ ljlgof] hg ul/ Psf] 5 . o: t} cfly{s jif{ @)&&÷)&* df alg;Sg'kg] { lr;fkfgL vfg] kfgL cfof] hgf bfª klg clxn] ;Dd aGg ;s] sf] 5} g . @)&!÷)&@ df z'? ePsf] cfof] hgfsf] nfut !! s/ f] 8 #( nfv *@ xhf/ lyof] . cfly{s jif{ @)&&÷)&* ;Dd Ps s/ f] 8 @& nfv ** xhf/ ?k} of“ dfq}

sf7df8f} +, ! d+l;/ -o';_– g] kfndf l6s6s k|ltaGw nufpg] ;/ sf/ sf] lg0f{olj?4 ;jf] {Rr cbfntdf !) j6f l/ 6 lgj] bg bfo/ ePsf 5g\ . dlGqkl/ ifb\sf] ut sflt{s @& ut] sf] a} 7sn] ;fdflhs ;~hfn l6s6s k|ltaGw nufpg] lg0f{olj?4 l/ 6 lgjb] g bfo/ ul/ Psf] xf] . l/ 6 lgj] bgdf ;/ sf/ sf] pQm lg0f{o vf/ ] h ug{ dfu ul/ Psf] 5 . ;jf] {Rr cbfntsf ;xk|jQmf uf] ljGb l3ld/ ] sf cg';f/ l6s6s k|ltaGw nufpg] ;/ sf/ sf] lg0f{olj?4 !) j6f l/ 6 lgj] bg k/ ] sf 5g\ eg] pQm ljjfbsf] ;'g'jfO oxL d+l;/ $ ut] sf nflu to ul/ Psf] 5 . ;/ sf/ sf] pQm lg0f{okl5 g] kfnsf clwsf+z OG6/ g] 6 ;] jf k|bfosn] l6s6s grNg] agfPkl5 pQm lg0f{olj?4 ;jf] {Rr cbfntdf l/ 6 k/ ] sf] xf] . ;/ sf/ n] ;fdflhs ;b\efjdf vnn k'u] sf] , ;fj{hlgs lzi6frf/ lj?4sf s;'/ w] / } ePsf] , l6s6s sDkgLn] l6s6saf6 x'g] ck/ fw Go"gLs/ 0f / bf] ifLdflysf] sf/ jfxL k|lqmofdf ;xof] u gu/ ] sf] sf/ 0f b] vfp“b} aGb ug] { lg0f{o u/ ] sf] lyof] .

ah] 6 kfPsf] cfof] hgfn] cfly{s jif{ @)&(÷)*) df b'O{ s/ f] 8 @( nfv $* xhf/ ?k} of“ kfof] . cfof] hgf ;DkGg x'g cem} em08} ;f9] ;ft s/ f] 8 ?k} of“ nfUg] df rfn" cfly{s jif{df hDdf kf“r nfv ?k} of“ ljlgof] hg ul/ Psf] 5 . cfly{s jif{ @)&&÷)&* df alg;Sg'kg] { : o'hf af] emkf] v/ L lnkm\6 vfg] kfgL cfof] hgfsf] cj: yf klg p: t} 5 . @)&!÷)&@ df z'? ePsf] cfof] hgfsf] nfut 5 s/ f] 8 &! nfv gf} xhf/ lyof] . cfly{s jif{ @)&&÷)&* ;Dd b'O{ s/ f] 8 @% nfv %* xhf/ ?k} of“ dfq} ah] 6 cfof] hgfn] kfof] . cfly{s jif{ @)&(÷)*) df Ps s/ f] 8 $# nfv !^ xhf/ ?k} of“ kfof] . cem} b'O{ s/ f] 8 &^ nfv eGbf a9L ah] 6 cfjZos ePsf] cfof] hgfsf nflu rfn" cfly{s jif{df hDdf @@ nfv ?k} of“ dfq} ah] 6 ljlgof] hg ul/ Psf] 5 . bfªdf o: tf ;o a9L vfg] kfgL cfof] hgf ah] 6 cefjdf ylnPsf 5g\ . vfg] kfgL tyf ;/ ;kmfO

l8lehg sfof{no bfªsf] / ] s8{df @)&! ;fnb] lv ah] 6 cefjsf] kL8f vfg] kfgL cfof] hgfn] v] Kb} cfPsf 5g\ . hnjfo' cg's"lnt a[xt vfg] kfgL cfof] hgf cGtu{tsf @$ cfof] hgf, t/ fO{–dw] z vfg] kfgL ;'wf/ sfo{qmdcGtu{tsf %@ / ;3g vfg] kfgL ljsf; sfo{qmd cGtu{tsf Ps ;o *^ cfof] hgfdf ah] 6 cefj / x] sf] sfof{non] hfgsf/ L lbPsf] 5 . vfg] kfgL tyf ;/ ;kmfO l8lehg sfof{no bfªsf k|d'v ef] nfk|;fb yfkfn] of] hgf lg/ Gt/ tfsf nflu ah] 6 5'6\ofOPsf] h: tf] b] lvPsf] atfpg'x'G5 . …cfof] hgf w] / } 5g\ t/ ah] 6 cToGt Go"g 5Ú– pxf“n] eGg'eof] – …s/ f] 8sf cfof] hgfdf xhf/ sf] ah] 6n] s;/ L sfd ug] { < Ú ;dod} sfd ;DkGg gx'“bf pkef] Qmfn] nfe kfpg g;s] sf] pNn] v ub} { pxf“n] ah] 6 cefjsf] ;d: of / x] sf] atfpg'eof] . …ah] 6 cefjsf sf/ 0f ;dod} sfd ;DkGg x'g ;s] sf] 5} gÚ– pxf“n] eGg'eof] – …ah] 6 cefjs} sf/ 0f kfgL h: tf] dxTjk"0f{ ljifodf hgtfn] ;dod} nfe lng ;s] sf 5} gg\ .Ú jif] {lg ah] 6 ljlgof] hg x'g] u/ ] sf qmdfut of] hgfdf gfd dfqsf] ah] 6 5'6\ofO“bf ut jif{ cnkq k/ ] sf %! j6f cfof] hgfsf] sfd o; jif{ klg z'? ug{ ;d: of / x] sf] sfof{non] hfgsf/ L lbPsf] 5 . Ps s/ f] 8b] lv kf“r s/ f] 8;Ddsf cfof] hgfdf %) xhf/ sf b/ n] ah] 6 5'6\ofO“bf ut cfly{s jif{df sfd g} z'? ePg . ah] 6 cefjdf ylnPsf / sfd} z'? gePsf vfg] kfgL cfof] hgf ut jif{ Ps ;o $@ j6f lyP . vfg] kfgL l8lehg sfof{no bfªsf cfwfh;f] cfof] hgfdf ah] 6 cefj b] lvPsf] sfof{non] hgfPsf] 5 . cf] e/ x] 8 6+sLb] lv kfOknfOg, af] l/ ª;Ddsf of] hgf ah] 6 cefjn] g} cnkq k/ ] sf x'g\ . ;/ sf/ n] cfof] hgf a9fp“bf / clt Go"g ah] 6 5'6\ofp“bf qmdfut of] hgf;d] t ynf k/ ] sf 5g\ . ut jif{ lhNnfdf b'O{ ;o *^ vfg] kfgLsf 7"nf ;fgf of] hgf lyP . o; jif{ cfof] hgf a9] / tLg af“sL clGtd k]hdf:

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%% nfv @% xhf/ s/bftfn] lnP :yfoL n]vf gDa/ o'uaf] w ;dfrf/ bftf sf7df8f} +, ! d+l;/ . …: jR5, kf/ bzL{ / k|ljlwd} qL s/ k|zf;g M ;fdflhs Gofo, cfly{s ;d[l4 / ;'zf;gÚ eGg] gf/ fsf ;fy / fli6«o s/ lbj; z'qmaf/ b] lv ;KtfxJofkL?kdf dgfpg z'? ePsf] 5 . cfGtl/ s / fh: j ljefu / dftxtsf sfof{nodf Ps ;ftf;Dd s/ bftf lzIff;“u ;DalGwt ljleGg sfo{qmd ug] { / d+l;/ & ut] pTs[i6 s/ bftfnfO{ ;Ddflgt ul/ g] ePsf] 5 . ljefucGtu{t Pp6f 7"nf s/ bftf sfof{no, Pp6f dWod: t/ Lo s/ bftf sfof{no, $# j6f cfGtl/ s / fh: j sfof{no / #( j6f s/ bftf ;] jf sfof{no u/ L s"n *$ j6f sfof{no ;~rfngdf / x] sf 5g\ . ljefusf cg';f/ ut cfly{s jif{ @)&(÷*) ;Dddf Jofj;flos / JolQmut : yfoL n] vf gDa/ lnPsf s/ bftfsf] ;+Vof %%

nfv @% xhf/ gf} ;o !( / x] sf] 5 . h;dWo] Jofj;flos : yfoL n] vf gDa/ -aL–kfg_ lnPsf s/ bftfsf] ;+Vof !* nfv &^ xhf/ tLg ;o kf“r / JolQmut : yfoL n] vf gDa/ -kL–kfg_ lng] s/ bftfsf] ;+Vof #^ nfv $( xhf/ 5 ;o !$ / x] sf] 5 . ut cfly{s jif{ @)&(÷*) df ;/ sf/ n] s"n gf} va{ %& ca{ a/ fa/ / fh: j c;'nL u/ ] sf] df cfGtl/ s / fh: j ljefuaf6 p7] sf] / fh: j dfq ?= rf/ va{ &( ca{ a/ fa/ lyof] . h'g ;/ sf/ sf] s'n jflif{s / fh: j c;'nLsf] %) bzdnj !@ k|ltzt a/ fa/ xf] . ut cfj ;/ sf/ n] ljefunfO{ 5 va{ @^ ca{ ^! s/ f] 8 a/ fa/ / fh: j c;'nLsf] nIo lbPsf] df nIosf] &^ bzdnj %& k|ltzt cyf{t\ rf/ va{ &( ca{ &( s/ f] 8 a/ fa/ / fh: j p7] sf] ljefun] hgfPsf] 5 . d'n'ssf] s"n ufx{: Yo pTkfbgdf cfGtl/ s / fh: jsf] of] ubfg sl/ a @) k|ltzt / x] sf] 5 . cfGtl/ s

/ fh: jsf] zLif{sut c;'nLsf] k|ltzt x] bf{ ;a} eGbf a9L of] ubfg cfos/ sf] / x] sf] 5 . s"n cfGtl/ s / fh: jdf cfos/ sf] lx: ;f $$ bzdnj %@ k|ltzt 5 . d"No clea[l4 s/ -Eof6_ sf] of] ubfg @$ bzdnj %) / cGtMz'Nssf] of] ubfg @! bzdnj ^& k|ltzt / x] sf] 5 . To: t} , Aofhb/ sf] of] ubfg ^ bzdnj ^& k|ltzt, 3/ axfn s/ sf] of] ubfg z"Go bzdnj ^$ k|ltzt, : jf: Yo ;] jf z"Nssf] c+z Ps bzdnj $! k|ltzt / lzIff ;] jf z"Nssf] c+z z"Go bzdnj $@ k|ltzt / x] sf] 5 . ut cfjdf sfof{nout / fh: j ;+sngsf] cj: yf x] bf{ 7"nf s/ bftf sfof{nosf] #( k|ltzt b] lvG5 eg] dWod: t/ Lo s/ bftf sfof{nosf] rf/ k|ltzt / x] sf] 5 . To: t} , cfGtl/ s / fh: j sfof{nosf] %# k|ltzt / s/ bftf ;] jf sfof{nosf] rf/ k|ltzt / x] sf] ljefun] hgfPsf] 5 .

b]p;L–e}nf] ;+:s[lt hf]ufpg] lrGtf =q bz/ y l3ld/ ] b] pv'/ L, ! d+l;/ . ndxL–^ b] pk'/ lgjf;L l6sf/ fd kf} 8] nfO{ g] kfnL df} lns e} nf] ;+: s[ltdf x|f; cfO/ x] sf] k|lt lrGtf 5 . o;kfln klg 8] udf uLt ahfP/ e} nf] v] Ng] y'k|} ;d'x lgl: sP t/ l6sf/ fdnfO{ 8] ulagfsf] e} nf] x] g{ / v] Ng dg nfUof] .

ToxL eP/ dfbn, af“;'/ L / ‰ofnLsf] tfndf e} nf] v] lnPsf] 5 . k/ Dk/ fut ;+: s[ltx?sf] / fd|f] kIfnfO{ c“ufNg h?/ L / x] sf] pxf“sf] egfO 5 . …dfbn 5 . af“;'/ L 5 . em\ofnL 5 . df} lns no 5 . oxL xfd|f] ;+: s[lt xf] Ú– pxf“n] eGg'eof] – …clxn] t l8h] ahfP/ xfxf / xf] xf] dfq} 5 . xfdLn] t l8h] lagfsf] e} nf] lgsfNof} + .Ú bfª b] pv'/ Ldf df} lns ;+: s[lt hf] ufpg b] p;L–e} nf] v] lnPsf] 5 . ;"rgf k|ljlwdf ePsf] tLa| ljsf;sf sf/ 0f df} lns snf ;+: s[ltdf To;sf] k|efj k/ ] sf] b] lvG5 . t/ lhNnfdf 8] u/ lxt e} nf] v] n] / k/ Dk/ fut ;+: s[lt hu] gf{ u/ ] sf] kfOPsf] xf] . …dnfO{ t k'/ fg} ;+: s[lt / fd|f] nfU5 . b] jL b] jtfsf] gfdn] e} nf] e6\ofpg] , cfzLjf{b lbg] CMYK

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/ fd|f] nfU5Ú– : yfgLo df] tL/ fh kf] v|] nn] eGg'eof] – …clxn] t s] e6\ofp“5g\ yfxf x'“b} g . a'lemb} g .Ú nIdLk"hfsf] lbgb] lv z'? x'g] e} nf] efO 6Lsfsf] kl;{kN6;Dd v] Ng] ul/ G5 . e} nf] e6\ofp“bf b] jL b] jtfsf] gfd lng] / cfzLjf{b lbg] rng lyof] t/ clxn] v] lnPsf e} nf] e6\ofpg] efsf / zAbdf ;d] t x|f; cfPsf] 5 . Ho] i7 gful/ sx?sf] rfxgf df} lns ;+: s[ltsf] ;+/ If0f / x] sf]

5 . o'jf k': tfn] ;d] t ;+: s[lt ;+/ If0fdf ;fy lbPsf 5g\ . ;a} pd] / ;d'xsf JolQmx? ldn] / e} nf] v] lnPsf] 5 . t/ tLa| ;"rgf k|ljlwdf ePsf] ljsf;n] e} nf] ;+: s[ltdf ;d] t c;/ kf/ ] sf] 5 . …xfd|f cleefjsx?sf] ;fydf e} nf] v] n] sf 5f} + . dfbn, af“;'/ Lsf] tfndf e} nf] v] n] sf 5f} +Ú– : yfgLo dLgf kf] v|] nn] eGg'eof] – …xfdL o;} df v'zL 5f} + .Ú ndxL–^ lgjf;L lzIfs lji0f'k|;fb l3ld/ ] nfO{ df} lns ;+: s[ltsf]

e} nf] n] nf] EofPsf] atfpg'eof] . …dnfO{ t o: t} ;fwf/ 0f e} nf] dg k5{Ú– l3ld/ ] n] eGg'eof] – …e} nf] n] dg lhTof] , v'zL 5' .Ú df} lns snf ;+: s[lt xfd|f ;Dkbf x'g . logsf] ;+/ If0fdf ;a} lgsfo / ;d'bfosf] e"ldsf dxTjk"0f{ / xG5 . k~r] afhf / df?gL ;f] / 7L gfr ;+/ If0f nf] kf] Gd'v k~r] afhf / df?gL ;f] / ] 7L ;+/ If0f ug{ ;f+: s[lts e} nf] lgsflnPsf] 5 . k~r] afhf ;+/ If0f d~rn] x/ ] s jif{ afhf ;+/ If0f ug{ e} nf] lgsfNb} cfPsf] 5 . afhf ;+/ If0f;“u} ;d'bfo ljsf;sf] nflu of] ubfg k'Ug] ljZjf; ul/ Psf] 5 . u9jf k~r] afhf snf ;+: s[lt ;+/ If0f s] Gb|n] ljut kf“r jif{b] lv o;} u/ L ;f+: s[lts e} nf] lgsfNb} cfPsf] xf] . df?gL ;f] / ] 7L gfr / nf] kf] Gd'v a~r] afhf ;+/ If0f ug{ cleofgsf] ?kdf e} nf] v] lnPsf] 5 . k~r] afhf, g] kfnL wfld{s Pj+ ;f+: s[lts afhfsf] ¿kdf k|of] u x'“b} cfPsf] df} lns ;+: s[ltsf] w/ f] x/ xf] . of] afhf ljleGg wfld{s tyf ;fdflhs pT;jsf] a] nfdf ahfpg] ul/ G5 . ljjfx, a|tjGw, rf8af8, hfqf, / f] kfO{+, k"hf–cfhf cflbdf k~r] afhf

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Pstfa4 eP/ k|ltufdL if8\oGq k/f:t u5f}{+ M k|wfgdGqL o'uaf] w ;dfrf/ bftf sf7df8f} +, ! d+l;/ . k|wfgdGqL Pj+ g] skf dfcf] jfbL s] Gb|sf cWoIf k'iksdn bfxfn …k|r08Ún] hgtfsf] lgs} 7"nf] ;+3if{ / alnbfgaf6 k|fKt clwsf/ pN6fpg] sf] l;; ul/ Psf] eGb} Pstfa4 eP/ k/ f: t ul/ g] atfpg'ePsf] 5 . z'qmaf/ tgx'“df cfof] lht sfo{stf{ e] 63f6 sfo{qmdnfO{ ;Daf] wg ub{} k|wfgdGqL bfxfnn] !@ a'“b] ;dembf/ Lsf kIfw/ zlQm kl/ jt{gsf] / Iffsf lglDt Ps} 7fp“ / x] sf] atfpg'ePsf] xf] . …g] kfnL hgtfn] lgs} 7"nf] ;+3if{ / alnbfg u/ ] sf sf/ 0f b] zdf pTkLl8t ju{, hflt, If] q,

ln+un] clwsf/ kfPsf 5g\ . s] xL ;fdGtL tTjnfO{ hgtfn] clwsf/ kfPsf] s'/ f kr] sf] 5} g . pgLx¿ ljleGg if8\oGqdf nfu] sf 5g\ . laxfg dfq} d} n] ;'/ Iff lgsfosf k|d'vx¿;“u s'/ f u/ ] sf] lyP“ . b] zsf] ;'/ Iff cj: yf ;fdfGo 5 .

!@ a'“b] ;dembf/ Lsf kIfw/ zlQm kl/ jt{gsf] / Iffsf lglDt Ps} 7fp“ 5f} + . To;} n] k|ltufdL b': ;fx;nfO{ b[9tfsf ;fy k/ f: t u5f} {+Ú– k|wfgdGqL k|r08n] eGg'eof] . dfcf] jfbL g] t[Tjsf] ;/ sf/ n] b] z / hgtfsf kIfdf dxTjk"0f{ sfdx¿ u/ ] sf] klg k|wfgdGqL k|r08n] atfpg'eof] . …e|i6frf/ lgoGq0f, ;'zf;g : yflkt, hgtfnfO{ ;] jf lbg] s'/ fdf xfdL Odfgbf/ eP/ nfu] sf 5f} +Ú– pxF“n] eGg'eof] – …e|i6frf/ sf kmfOnx¿ vf] lnb} 5g\, of] k|lqmof / f] lsGg . ;/ sf/ n] / fd|f] sfd u/ ] sf sf/ 0f k|ltufdLx¿ cflQPsf 5g\ .

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3f] / fxL pkdxfgu/ kflnsf–!% l: yt s: t'/ Lgu/ 6f] njf;L;“u z'qmaf/ 5nkmn ub} { dGqL zdf{n] x/ ] s of] hgf lgdf{0fb] lv sfof{Gjog / d"Nof+sg;Dddf 6f] n ljsf; ;ldlt nfUg'kg] {df hf] 8 lbg'eof] . ;d'bfosf] ljsf;sf nflu : yfgLo ;|f] t;fwgsf] k|of] u ub} { ljsf; lgdf{0fdf ;a} ldn] / nfUg'kg] { pxf“sf] egfO lyof] . dGqL zdf{n] 6f] ndf ePsf ;d: of ;dfwfgsf nflu cfkm"n] kxn ub} { cfPsf] atfpg'eof] . h'g;'s} ljsf; lgdf{0fsf nflu ;a} sf] ;fy / ;xof] u cfjZos / xg] eGb} 6f] njf;L klg ljsf;, lgdf{0fsf ljifodf hfu?s x'g'kg] { pxf“n] wf/ 0ff / fVg'eof] . ljz] if u/ L : yfgLo: t/ sf] ljsf;sf] g] t[Tj : yfgLo txn] ug{'kg] { atfp“b} dGqL zdf{n] To;sf nflu ;+3 / k|b] z ;/ sf/ sf] ;dGjo cfjZos / x] sf] atfpg'eof] . lgjf{rgsf qmddf hgtf;“u ul/ Psf k|lta4tfcg';f/ ljsf; lgdf{0fsf If] qdf sfd ul/ / x] sf] pxf“sf] egfO lyof] . dGqL zdf{n] eGg'eof] – …oxf“sf] ;du| ljsf;sf nflu cem} klg w] / } sfd ug{ af“sL 5g\ . : yfgLo: t/ df x'g] ;d: of ;dfwfgsf nflu x/ kn tof/ 5' . gful/ s s] lGb|t sfd

eO/ x] sf 5g\ .Ú sfo{qmddf s: t'/ Lgu/ 6f] njf;Ln] cfd gful/ sn] ljsf;sf] k|Tofe"lt ug] {] u/ L sfd ug{ cfu|x u/ ] sf lyP . dfgj ;] jf g} ;a} eGbf 7"nf] ;] jf xf] o;} u/ L bfªsf] gf/ fo0fk'/ l: yt dfgj sNof0f -;] jf 3/ _ sf] lg/ LIf0f ub} { dGqL zdf{n] …vf] ;] / vfP k] 6 el/ Gg, af“8] / vfP ef] s} eOGgÚ eGGf] s'/ fnfO{ cfTd;ft\ u/ ] / cf>dsf] Joj: yfkg ul/ Psf] atfpg'eof] . ;8sdf / x] sf dfgl;s?kdf ljlIfKt dflg;nfO{ : ofxf/ u/ ] / kl/ jf/ ;“u k'gld{ng u/ fpg] sfo{ ;a} eGbf 7"nf] wd{ ePsf] dGqL zdf{n] hgfpg'eof] . a] jfl/ ; dfgjnfO{ ;+/ If0f u/ ] sfdf ;+: yfnfO{ wGojfb lbb} pxf“n] ;+3, k|b] z / : yfgLo tx;“u ;xsfo{ u/ ] / sfd ug{ / ;xof] usf] nflu yk of] hgf tof/ ug{ ;+: yfsf

kbflwsf/ LnfO{ cfu|x ug'{eof] . ;] jf 3/ df cf>o lnO/ x] sfsf nflu ef} lts k"jf{wf/ , : jf: Yo, vfgf / nufpg] sk8fsf] cfjZostf kg] { hgfp“b} dGqL zdf{n] ;/ sf/ sf] tkm{af6 ;Sbf] ;xof] u ug{ tof/ / x] sf] atfpg'eof] . …cGo : yfgdf / x] sf ;] jf 3/ n] s;/ L sfd u/ ] sf 5g\, To;af/ ] cWoog÷cjnf] sg u/ L ;] jf 3/ nfO{ yk Jojl: yt agfpg cfjZos vfsf tof/ ug'{xf] ;\Ú– pxf“n] eGg'eof] . ;] jf3/ sf ;+: yfks ;lrj ljhos'df/ kf] v|] nn] 3f] / fxL pkdxfgu/ kflnsf–!) gf/ fo0fk'/ df / x] sf] ;] jf 3/ df clxn] #* afa'cfdf / rf/ 5f] / f5f] / L u/ L $@ hgf / x] sf] hfgsf/ L lbg'eof] . lhNnfdf ;8saf6 Ps ;o ^) eGbf a9LnfO{ p4f/ ul/ Psf] / ;oeGbf a9LnfO{ 3/ kl/ jf/ df k'gld{ng u/ fOPsf] pxf“n] atfpg'eof] .

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;lhn} ;Fu csf] { s'gfdf a;] sf JolQmx?;Fu Tof] klg lel8of] sn dfkm{t ;lhn} s'/ f ug{ ;ls/ x] sf 5f} F . cfˆgf x/ ] s OR5f / cfsf+Iff ;xh} kl/ k"lt{ e} / x] sf 5g\ . JolQm JolQmaLr 1fg x: tfGt/ 0f klg ePs} 5g\ . o;nfO{ ;sf/ fTds kf6f] sf] ?kdf lng ;lsG5 . tyflk o;sf] kl/ 0ffdn] st} xfd|f] hLjgdf gsf/ fTds k|efj klg kfl/ / x] sf] t 5} g, dflg;df x'gkg] { w} o{tf ;fx;, 1fg tyf a'l4nfO{ 5f8] / l/ ; qmf] w cfj] u / cfj] zsf] af6f] agfP/ sf] 7f sf] 7fsf] : jfldTjsf] nf] en] ubf{ dfgjn] dfgjnfO{ dfg{ t uPsf 5} gf} < l;Ssfsf] Pp6f kf6f] kbf{ csf] { kf6f] u'dfP em} pu|/ fi6«jfbsf] gfddf csf{sf] kl/ jf/ g} ljrNnL t kf/ ] sf 5} gf} F < ;f] Rg kg] { a] nf cfPsf] 5 . oyfy{df hLjg ;+3if{ g xf] . Pp6f ;fgf] lzz' cfdfsf] ue{jf6 ;+3if{ ub] { of] wtL{df cfpF5, la: tf/ } a9\5 s} zf] o{df k'Ub} lvOb} a[4 cj: yfdf cem 36\b} 36\b} Pp6f ;+s6sf] cj: yfdf k'u] kl5 cGtTjf] uf] Tjf df6f] df g} ldNg k'U5 . of] qmd lg/ Gt/ ?kdf rNb} cfPsf] 5 / rln/ xg] 5 . x] / f} F t xfd|f afh] a/ fh'x¿ klg o;/ L g} k/ nf] s uP . oyfy{df xfdLn] klg hlGdbf g t s] xL lnP/ cfPsf xf} F g t d[To' kl5 s] xL lnP/ g} hfG5f} . d[To' zfZjt ;To xf] . t/ cfZro{ nfU5 hGdb] lv d[To' ;Ddsf] ofqfdf dfG5] lsg gsf/ fTds lqmofsnfkk|lt pGd'v eO/ x] sf 5g\ < ;j} n] Psrf] 6L 5ftLdf xft / fv] / dgg ug{'kg] { a] nf ePsf] 5 . lbgbxf8} rf] / L 8s} tL, xTof, lx+;f, anfTsf/ h: tf 36gfx¿ 3l6/ x] sf 5g\ . st} hGd lbg] afa'af6} 5f] / L anfTs[t x'g'kg] { clg st} sfsL elthsf] ;DjGwjf6 cjf] w lzz'nfO{ hGd lbg] , st} 3/ kl/ jf/ af6} lgl/ x r] nLsf] xTof x'g] t st} hft wd{ clg / +u / lnË e] bsf] cfwf/ df dfG5] 4f/ f dfG5] g} dfl/ g'kg] { . oL / o: tf ljeT; 36gfx¿n] dg d'6' / dl: tis kf] ln/ xG5 . clxn] ljZj ;d'bfo g} sf] / f] gf gfds efO/ ;;Fu h'lw/ x] sf] cj: yf 5 . sf] 7f sf] 7f / a: tL a: tLdf cfuf] ;Ns] sf] 5 . cfuf] lgefpg] gfddf s;} n] bz} + dfg] sf 5g\ t st} kfkL k] 6 eg{ cfxf/ sf] vf] hLdf ;8sdf / f] Psf klg 5g\ . s;} n] o;nfO{ dxfdf/ Lsf] ;+1f lbPsf 5g eg] s;} n] o;nfO{ cft+s dfq} xf] elg/ x] sf 5g . oyfy{ / ;To s] xf] Tof] t ;xL ;do cfPkl5 eljion] g} atfpnf . clxn] o;} ;Fu h'Wg] gfddf lgif] wf1f nufOPsf] 5 / ;+qmldt / d[To' tYofÍ ;fj{hlgs u/ ] / cf–cfˆgf] tl/ sfn] rrf{ kl/ rrf{ ug{ yflnPsf] 5 . clg ;+;f/ df sf] / f] gf afx] s c? / f] u g} 5} g ls h: tf] u/ L o;} df dfq s] lG›t / x] sf] b] lvG5 . x'g] vfg] nfO{

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lyof] . xtf/ xtf/ clgsfndf aLp hf] ufpg x'nd'ndf lhp hf] ufpg eGb} rf} w/ Ln] af] 8{/ sf6\g] lg0f{o u/ ] sf] pNn] v 5 . o; lx;fan] dfq} klg / ] zd xTof/ f xf] Ogg\ . a? cfkt k/ ] sf] a] nf sdf08 5f] 8] / efUg] euf} 8f x'g\ . To; a] nf pgn] ls t lx+;fTds cfGbf] ngsf] g] t[Tj ug'{kb{Yof] ls k|x/ Lsf] ;fydf / xg'kb{Yof] . c?n] / ut aufO/ xFbf cfkm" PSn} ;'6'Ss efu] / ef/ t k'Ug' euf} 8f g} xf] . pgL efu] s} x'g eGg] yk ljj/ 0f klg k': tsdf e] l6G5 . k;{ af] Sg] afgL gePsfn] rf} w/ Lsf ;fydf k} ;f lyPg . / ftdf Ps xhf/ hlt cfO;Lsf] kmf] g vr{ ePsf] / x] 5 . nlvdk'/ df cfkm\gf] km'k'sf] 5f] / f efO 8fS6/ / x] 5g\ . pg} nfO{ eg] / b'O{ xhf/ ef? dfu] sf 5g\ . ToxL k} ;fn] plg ef/ tlt/ } cl3 a9] . 36gfsf] lhDd] jf/ L lng jf ;fDo kfg{ kms] {gg\ .

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anfTsf/ u/ ] / ue{jtL agfO{ yf?nfO{ le/ fPsf ;jfn 5g\ . c? ;d'bfon] k': tf} +b] lv ub} { cfPsf] cg'lrt Jojxf/ sf] km] xl/ : t 5 . pxfFn] g] skf Pdfn] sf cWoIf s] kL zdf{ cf] nL k|wfgdGqL x'g eg] / cfkmgf b] ptfnfO{ 5fFsL r9fPsf] 5' . d] / f] / ] l8of] km"njf/ L PkmPdsf] jflif{sf] T;jdf x] lnsK6/ r9fPsf] 5' . pgaf6 Gofo kfpg] lgs} 7"nf] cfzf lyof] eg] sf 5g\ . pg} n] cf] nLn] ;bgd} rf} w/ Lsf] lj/ f] w u/ ] sf] df b'Mv JoQm ul/ Psf] 5 . k|wfgdGqL k'iksdn bfxfnn] lbNnL e|d0f ubf{ e] 6 ePsf] k|;+unfO{ jnLn] b] zsf] k|wfgdGqLn] d'Vo ck/ fwLnfO{ e] 6\of] eg] / Jo+ªUo u/ ] sf] eGb} lj/ f] w hgfPsf] 5 . kqsf/ n] klg kLl8tnfO{ yk kL8f lbG5g\ eGg] k|;+u e] l6G5 . o;/ L k|r08n] ef/ tdf e] 6] sf] s'/ f lyof] . …k|r08 d] / f] gh/ df ;fFlRrs} / fhg] tf x ' g \ Ú n] v] sf] e] l6G5 . p g L 36gfdf k|ToIf ;+nUg gePsf] eGg ldNg] k|z: t cfwf/ 5g\ . / fHo ;Qf, Gofofno, kqsf/ ;a} sf unt Jojxf/ k|lt k|ZglrGx v8f ul/ Psf] 5. cfkmg} lj/ fb/ Lsf s] xL JolQmsf] cj;/ jfbL rl/ qsf] klg cfnf] rgf 5 . cfkm"nfO{ lkmNd lgdf{tf atfpg] cfsfz gfd u/ ] sf JolQmn] lbNnLdf rf} w/ LnfO{ e] 6] / u/ ] sf] jftf{ lgs} dxTjk"0f{ 5 . b] z leqsf] åGåsf hfgsf/ / ef/ t lj/ f] wL ultljlwsf ;r] ts dflgG5g\ . pgn] g] kfnL hgtfsf] ljZjd} ;f] emf eg] / d"Nof+sg u/ ] sf 5g\ . km'6] sf sfF;sf yfn lnP/ alhof -ef/ tLo Jofkf/ L_ n] l: 6nsf yfn lbPsf] k|;+un] yf?sf] ;f] emf] kgsf] kl/ efiff lbG5 . ax/ fOrdf cfFvfsf] pkrf/ sf nflu k'u] sf n] vssf afh] nfO{ nfOgaf6 lgsfNof] . d 8fS6/ sf] ;xof] uL eGof] . rfFbLsf 6Ssf lbP pkrf/ x'G5 gq ef/ te/ sxLF x'Fb} g egL wDsfof] . Ps / k} ofF ef? l6s6 nfUg] df kfFr ?k} ofF lbG5' eGbf klg dfg] g . cGtdf rfFbLsf] 6Ssf nu] / pkrf/ u/ fPsf] k|;+u klg lgs} dfld{s / yf?sf] ;f] emf] kg 5 .

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Saturday, 18 Nov., 2023

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of] jif{sf 7"nf kj{ bz} + ltxf/ n] labf lnPsf 5g\ . ko{6gsf] If] qdf 3'dlkm/ df afgL k/ ] sf ko{6sx? rf8kj{ eGbf klg gofF–gofF 7fpFdf k'Ug vf] H5g\ . gofF 7fpFsf] kl/ j] zdf / dfpg kfpFbf v'zL dfq x'g] xf] Og, ko{6sx?n] gofF s'/ fsf] cWoog cg';Gwfg ug{ ;S5g\ . clxn] z/ b Ct' ;dfKt eO{ x] dGt Ct' z'? ePsf] 5 . ca lxdfnL / pRr kxf8L If] qdf lxpF kg] { / lr;f] jftfj/ 0f x'G5 . t/ kxf8L e"uf] ndf kb ofqfdf / dfpg vf] Hg] ko{6sx?sf nflu h'g;'s} ;dodf klg ofqf to ub{5g\ . 3'dlkm/ sf nflu zx/ ahf/ df a: g] o'jf o'jtLx?sf] / f] hfO cfhef] ln kxf8L If] qdf x'g] ub{5 . k|s[lt;Fu / Dg ;Sg] ko{6sx?sf nflu Ko'7fgsf] uf} d'vL / dbfg] n] s k'Ug} kb{5 . k|fs[lts ;f} Gb{otfsf] b[Zofjnf] sg ug{ ko{6sx? uf} d'vL If] qdf k'Ug] ub{5g\ . Ko'7fgdf : ju{åf/ Lkl5 k|s[lt;Fu / dfpg vf] Hg] ko{6sx? uf} d'vL k'Ug} kg] { x'G5 . uf} d'vL clxn] cvf{, / hj/ f, k"hf, v'+u, lnjfª / gf/ Lsf] 6 ldn] / uf} d'vL ufpFkflnsf ag] sf] 5 . uf} d'vL If] q ;d'›L ;txaf6 !% ;ob] lv @% ;o ld6/ ;Ddsf] prfOdf kb{5 . uf} d'vL j8f g+= @ cvf{sf] n] sdf kb{5 . ko{6gsf nflu uf} d'vL If] qdf uf} d'vL u'kmf, emfFqmL9'Ëf, lbofNgfrf} / , afO;d'n em/ gf, tfdfvfgL, OZgfb] jLnufot wfld{s tyf k|fs[lts ;Dkbf kb{5g\ . uf} d'vL If] q k|frLg sfnb] lv g} kljq, wfld{s / k|fs[lts b[li6n] / d0fLo : yn xf] . uf} d'vL, k|fUP] ltxfl;s dxTjsf] t'iff/ fsf] OZgfsf] yfg / ToxfFsf] d] nf, lnjfªsf] lbofNgfrf} / , afO;] ÷rf} la;] / fHox?eGbf klxn] sf e'/ ] 6fs'/ ] / fhfx?sf] ;b/ d'sfd / x] sf] : yfg xf] . uf} d'vL If] q k'/ ftflTjs / P] ltxfl;s dxTjsf] ?lr / fVg] ko{6gsf] nflu v'nf ljZjljBfno klg xf] . uf} d'vLsf] u'kmf sl/ j !^) jif{ klxn] afUn'ª lg;L ufpFsf tuf/ f a'9f du/ n] e} +;L r/ fpg hfFbf kQf nufPsf] dfGotf 5 . uf} d'vL Ko'7fgsf] pQ/ L ;Ldf afun'ª;Fu hf] l8Psf] 5 . uf} d'vL lemd?s gbLsf] pb\ud : yn xf] . uf} d'vLdf ufO{sf] d'vh: tf] kTy/ sf] cfsf/ af6 kfgL cfPsf] b[Zosf cfwf/ df uf} d'vL gfdfs/ 0f ul/ Psf] dflgG5 . ufO{sf] d'vh: tf] cfs[ltaf6 5ª5ª\tL kfgL lg: s] sf] b] Vbf uf} d'vL k'Ug] ko{6sx? cfZro{ dfGb5g\ . uf} d'vLaf6 lg: s] sf] kfgLn] g'xfPkl5 dfu] sf] s'/ f k'Ug] ljZjf; ul/ G5 . ;8s oftfoftsf] ;~hfn lj: tf/ xF'b} uPkl5 cfhef] ln uf} d'vL tLyf{6gsf nflu Ko'7fg, / f] Nkf, u'NdL afun'ª / c3f{vfFrLsf tLyf{6gsf ko{6sx? dfq geP/ cGo lhNnfaf6 klg uf} d'vL k'U5g\ . d'lQmgfy k'u] sf tLy{ofqL uf} d'vLdf g'xfP/ : ju{åf/ Ldf hfg] k|rng klg 5 . uf} d'vLdf ufO{sf] b"wsf] wf/ f lbg] , zflGtsf nflu k/ ] jf p8fpg] , af6] sf bfDnf r9fpg] k|rng 5 . ljz] if u/ L df3] ;+qmflGtsf lbg uf} d'vLdf tLyf{6gsf ko{6sx?sf] le8 nfUg] ub{5 . uf} d'vLaf6 ;'Gb/ lxdfnx? b] lvG5g\ . kmfu'g dlxgfb] lv r} t÷j} zfv dlxgf;Dd nfnLu'/ fF; km"nn] ag} 9sdSs 9fs] sf] x'G5g\ . uf} d'vL ;+/ lIft jgdf 8fFkm] , d'gfn, xfa|] , r/ fr'?ËL, 3f] / n, s: t'/ L d[u, / ] 8kf08f, efn'nufotsf jGohGt'x?sf] af;: yfg / x] sf] 5 . clxn] dflg;x?df km';{b eof] eg] 3'dlkm/ ug] { afgL k/ ] sf] 5 . 3'dlkm/ df lg: sg] ko{6sx? k|s[ltk|] dL x'G5g\ . k|s[ltk|] dL eP klg dflg; : jefjn] g} k|s[ltleqsf] ljljwtf dg k/ fpF5 . ToxL sf/ 0fn] xf] , e"kl/ j] li7t d'n'ssf dflg; ;d'G› b] Vbf / dfpF5g\ clg ;fd'lG›s e"uf] nsf dflg;x? lxdfn / kxf8 b] v] / / dfpF5g\ . of] g} ljljwtfleqsf] dfgjsf] : jefj . h'g sf/ 0fn] ko{6ssf] 3'dlkm/ klg o;} df e/ kb{5 . ko{6sx? lxdfn / h} ljs ljljwtf cyf{t k|fs[lts, jg: klt, hgfj/ , r/ fx? cflb x] g{ / dfpF5g\ . k|s[ltk|] dL ko{6sx?n] ;+: s[lt, / Lltl/ jfh, k/ Dk/ f / xg;xg dfq xf] Og, k|s[ltdf x'g] h} ljs ljljwtfsf] ;d] t cWoog ug{ ?rfpF5g\ . ko{6ssf] ?lr cg';f/ P] ltxfl;s, k'/ ftflTjs Pj+ wfld{s : ynx?sf] klg cWoog Pj+ cg';Gwfg ug{ ;S5g\ . ko{6sx?sf] p2] Zo km/ s eP klg tLdWo] k|d'v p2] Zo eg] sf] dgf] / ~hg / h} ljs ljljwtf cyf{t k|s[lt;Fu / dfpg] xf] . uf} d'vLsf] e"uf] ndf h} ljs ljljwtfn] k|s[ltnfO{ ;'Gb/ agfPsf] 5 . uf} d'vL k'Ug] ko{6sx? dbfg] n] sdf ;d] t k'Ug vf] H5g\ . t/ dbfg] n] s k'Ugsf] nflu eg] kbofqf ug{' kb{5 . dbfg] n] sn] uf} d'vL k'Ug] ko{6sx?nfO{ yk cfsif{0f ub{5 . dbfg] n] s u'NdL, afUn'ª / Ko'7fg;d] tsf] e"uf] ndf / x] sf] kxf8 xf] . u'NdLsf] pQ/ klZrd If] qdf dbfg] n] s kb{5 . dbfg] n] s ;d'›L ;txb] lv ( ;o &% ld6/ b] lv @ xhf/ ^() ld6/ sf] prfOdf kb{5 . dbfg] n] s !# xhf/ ;ft ;o ^! x] S6/ If] qkmndf km} lnPsf] 5 . dbfg] n] s h} ljs ljljwtf dfq xf] Og dg;'g;Fu klg hf] l8Psf] 5 . g] kfndf ;fwf/ 0ftof lxGb dxf;fu/ af6 a+ufnsf] vf8Lsf] af6f] x'Fb} blIf0fk"jL{ lbzfaf6 dg;'g k|j] z ub{5 . ;d'›af6 axg] ePsfn] dg;'gL jfo'df k|z: t hnjfik x'G5 . dxf;fu/ sf] kfgL jfliks/ 0f eP/ cyjf jfkm ag] / xfjfdf ldl;G5 . o;/ L jfkm;lxtsf] xfjf g] kfn cfpFbf tftf] xfjf lrl;G5 / kfgL kb{5 . a+ufnsf] vf8Laf6 cfpg] hnjfiko'Qm xfjf pRr kxf8L n] sdf k'uL lr;f] x'g] / kfgL kb{5 . dbfg] n] snfO{ jf6/ 6fj/ klg elgG5 . lsgeg] 9f] / kf6gaf6 lg: sg] afbnnfO{ dbfg] n] sn] ljt/ 0f ub{5 eGg] dfGotf 5 . t/ o;sf] j} 1flgs vf] h cg';Gwfg eg] x'g afFsL 5 . dbfg] n] ssf] ;+/ lIft jg If] qdf 5NbL, kgfx, lg: tL, lemd?s cflb gbLx?sf] d'xfg kb{5g\ . lemd?s Ko'7fg eP/ aUb} P] / fjtLdf df8L ldl;Pkl5 / fKtL gbL aG5 eg] 5NbL, kgfx, lg: tLvf] nf u'NdLsf] al8uf8df ldl;P/ ?b|j] 0fLdf k'u] kl5 sfnLu08sLdf ldl;G5 . dbfg] n] sdf ljleGg k|hfltsf jg: klt / ?vx? / x] sf 5g\ . h;df rfFb, lrnfpg] , s6';, afF;, nfnLu'/ fF;, v;{', b'lbnf] , b] jbf/ , plQ;, k} Fo' cflb ?vx? kb{5g\ . csf] {tkm{ dbfg] jgdf ax'd"No jg k} bfjf/ x? klg kfOG5g\ . / fli6«o tyf cGt/ f{li6«o: t/ df dxTj tyf klxrfg / fVg] lr/ fOtf] , zf] Qf, x/ f] {, a/ f] {, sfnf] sfkmn, kfFrcf} Fn] , cNnf] , ;'uGwsf] lsnf, ;'gufef cflb h8La'6Lx? dbfg] jg If] qdf kfOG5g\ . dbfg] If] qdf ljleGg k|hfltsf vfg] Rofpx? klg / x] sf 5g\ . h;df u'R5L Rofp, 5ft] Rofp, 8Nn] Rofp cflbsf] ;] jgaf6 pRr / Qmrfk,

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d'6'/ f] u h: tf / f] u nfUgaf6 klg arfpF5 . dbfg] n] ssf] h+undf : ynr/ , hnr/ , peor/ cflb ;a} sf af;: yfg e] l6G5g\ . dbfg] n] sdf tLyf{6g ko{6sx?sf nflu dflnsf eujtL dlGb/ / x] sf] 5 . dlGb/ df dfu] sf] j/ k"/ f ePkl5 jf j/ dfUgsf nflu sfnf] kf7Lsf] aln lbg] k|rng 5 . clxn] dbfg] n] s wfld{s, ;f+: s[lts, kof{j/ 0fLo, h} ljs ljljwtfsf] e08f/ ePsf] 5 . dbfg] n] sdf r/ f cjnf] sgsf nflu w] / } ko{6sx? k'Ug] ub{5g\ . k|fs[lts ;f} Gbo{n] dfq xf] Og kl5Nnf] ;do dbfg] jg / cf;kf;sf] If] qdf kfOg] r/ fr'?ËLn] ko{6snfO{ cfslif{t ug] { u/ ] sf] 5 . hf8f] dlxgf z'? eP;Fu} lxpFb] ko{6s r/ f g] kfn cfpg] qmd z'? ePsf] 5 . aif] {lg sl/ a Ps ;o %) k|hfltsf r/ f ?;, lslu{: tfg, t'ls{: tfg, pHj] ls: tfg, ch/ j} hfg, rLg, d+uf] lnofsf ;fy} o'/ f] k, sf] l/ of tyf ltAatL If] qaf6 g] kfndf cfpg] ub{5g\ . r/ flab\sf] cWoog cg';f/ sl/ a %) k|hfltsf a6'jf r/ f g] kfnsf] af6f] x'Fb} blIf0fL d'n's ef/ t, kfls: tfg / >Ln+sflt/ hfg] u5{g\ . dbfg] n] ssf] jgIf] qdf @)& k|hfltsf r/ fr'?ËLx? kfOG5g\ . h;df ljZjdf b'n{e k|hfltsf] ?kdf / x] sf r/ fx?dWo] nf] eLkfkL u?8, uf] dfo' dxflrn, ;'glu4, sflnh k|hfltsf] lr/ gfds kfFr k|hfltsf r/ fx? klg / x] sf 5g\ . To: t} sfF8] Eofs'/ klg dbfg] jg If] qdf kfOG5g\ . csf] {tkm{ dbfg] sf] jgdf d[u, lrt'jf, s: t'/ L, : ofn, aFb] n, nªu'/ , efn', / ft] , jg la/ fnf] , lgn la/ fnf] , nf] vs] { cflb / x] sf 5g\ . ko{6sx?n] ofqfdf h+unL hgfj/ ;d] t b] Vg ;S5g\ . u'NdLsf] klZrdL e"uf] ndf kg] { dbfg] n] s k|fs[lts Eo"6fj/ klg xf] . dbfg] sf] n] saf6 ko{6sx?n] u'NdLsf] / ] ;'Ëf n] s, yfKn] sf] n] s, n'Dk] ssf] n] s, jfdLsf] n] s, cUn'ªsf] n] s, kf} bLsf] n] s, / fgLjg, l;4afafsf] 8fF8fh: tf cUnf–cUnf kxf8x? cjnf] sg ug{ ;S5g\ . dbfg] n] s j/ k/ cUn'Ë, afems6] / L, egeg] , dnflu/ L, Dofnkf] v/ L, k'sf] {6 bx kb{5 eg] s+s] b] p/ fnL, dfnf/ fgL, k'sf] {6 bx, h: tf tLyf{6gsf ko{6sx? k'Ug'kg] { ko[6sLo: yn / x] sf 5g\ . dbfg] n] sdf k'u] sf ko{6sx?n] cfˆgf] 3'Dg] ;do nDAofpg ;s] dbfg] sf] n] saf6 afun'ªsf] a'lt{afª, af] afª x'Fb} 9f] / kf6g klg ;d] t k'Ug ;S5g\ . k} bn ofqfdf / dfpg] ko{6sx?sf] nflu Ko'7fgdf clxn] lemd?s ufpFkflnsfsf] lbxfNgfaf6 k"hf, / hjf/ f, c3f{, uf} d'vL xF'b} afUn'ªsf] 9f] / kf6g hfg] kbdfu{ klg lgdf{0f ePsf] 5 .

To;} u/ L uf} d'vLsf] d'xfgaf6 u'NdL lhNnfsf] cUn'ª Ko'7fgsf] cf] v/ sf] 6, v'ª, gf/ Lsf] 6, afbLsf] 6 xF'b} dR5L;Dd klg ko{6sx?nfO{ kbdfu{ ag] sf] 5 . To;} u/ L : ju{åf/ L cfpg] ko{6sx?nfO{ uf} d'vL;Dd hfgsf] nflu klg : ju{åf/ L, a] njf;, h'DnLsfF8f, ln: g] , dfemsf] 6, em'n] gL, n'Sn'ª, afxfg] x'Fb} lbxfNgf eP/ uf} d'vL kbdfu{df k'Ug ;lsG5 . kbdfu{df ofqf ug] { ko{6sx?n] tLgb] lv rf/ lbgsf] Kofs] h agfpg'kb{5 . kb ofqfdf dR5Lsf] 9f8 x'Fb} : gfyfg / lbxfNgfdf / x] sf ljleGg dgf] / d b[iox? cjnf] sg ug{ ;lsG5 . kbofqf PSn} eGbf ;d"xdf ubf{ / fd|f] x'G5 . kbofqfsf] cg'e"lt 5'§} x'G5 . ofqfdf psfnf] cf] / fnf] , vf] nf vf] N;L ufpF / h+unn] ofqfsf] ysfg ;d] t x/ fpF5 . Kofs] hsf] ;dodf kbdfu{df ofqf ug] { ko{6sx?n] ofqfdf dR5Lsf] 9f8 x'Fb} : gfyfg / lbxfNgfdf / x] sf ljleGg dgf] / d b[iox? cjnf] sg ug{ ;S5g\ . ofqfdf klxnf] lbg jfUnLjfªsf] xf] d: 6] df / ft latfpg ;lsG5 . To;kl5 csf] { lbg laxfg tfdfvfgL k'Ug ;lsG5 . h'g vfgL Ps ;o jif{;Dd pTvgg u/ ] / / fhf lqe'jgsf kfnfdf / f] s nufOPsf] lyof] . tfdf vfgLsf] cjnf] sgkl5 / hjf/ fdf / x] sf] wfld{s: yn emfqmL9'+uf k'luG5 . hjf/ fsf] h+unsf] pRr : yfgdf / x] sf] bx, kfl/ k§L sf] 7Lle/ sf] b[Zofjnf] sg, ltvfr'nL n] ssf] km] lb x'Fb} n] s5x/ f xf] d: 6] df k'Ug ;lsG5 . To;} u/ L csf] { lbg afO; d"nsf] em/ gfdf cfgGb lng ;lsG5 . kbdfu{df km/ s e] ife"iff, ;+: s[lt ePsf du/ x?, lhNnfdf cNk;+Vos t/ g] kfnsf] ;f+: s[lts ?kdf wgL du/ u'?ª, s] xL 3/ ysfnL, blntx?sf] j: tLn] km/ s–km/ s ;+: s[lt emlNsg] P] ltxfl;s ;f+: s[lts ;Dkbfx?sf] cWoog cjnf] sg ug{ ;lsG5 . ofqfdf ufpF3/ df dgfOg] rf8kj{df 3f6' gfr, ;f] / 7L, df?gL, Bf} ;L e} nf] n] kbofqfdf hfg] ko{6sx?nfO{ / dfOnf] agfO lbG5 . uf} d'vL hfFbf ul/ g] kbofqfdf st} xf] d: 6] , xf] 6n / k] Oª u] i6sf] ?kdf ufpFdf vfg a: g kfOG5 . ofqfdf : yfgLo kl/ sf/ , b"w, kmfk/ , sf] bf] , ux'Fsf] l9F8f] , nf] sn s'v'/ f, / cfn', l;dLnufot : yfgLo pTkfbgsf a: t'x? vfg kfOG5 . uf} d'vL / dbfg] n] sdf k'Ug] ko{6sx?nfO{ vfg lkg / a;f] af;df s'g} ;d: of cfpFb} g . t/ klg ;fydf l: nlkª Aofu, / ] gsf] 6, Gofgf] sk8f, Hofs] 6, k~hf, 6f] kL, 8«fOkm"8, rsn] 6, n;'g, cb'jf, ;ft' cflb ;fydf n} hfg'kb{5 . eld6 sG6«f] n ug{] cf} iflw, l;6fdf] n / clN6Ro'8 l;sg] ;sf cf} iflwx? klg af] ls/ fVg' / fd|f] x'G5 . yd{; n} hfg ge'Ng'xf] nf . ko{6gsf] ljsf; af] Nb} df x'g] xf] Og . ko{6gsf] ljsf; ug{ klxnf k"jf{wf/ sf] ljsf; x'g'kb{5 . e/ kbf{ ;8s oftfoft, ;'/ Iff / ufpFdf k'Ubf ko{6sx?nfO{ vfgfa: gsf] ;'ljwf eof] eg] ufpFdf ko{6sx? k'U5g\ . t/ ufpFdf dflg;x? k'Ub} df ko{6gsf] ljsf; eg] x'g] xf] Og . ko{6gsf] ljsf;sf nflu ufpFdf pTkfbg a9fpg'kb{5 . ufpFdf k'Ug] ko{6sx?nfO{ ufpFdf pTkfbg ePsf j: t'x? lsGg ;Sg] jftfj/ 0f ko{6sx? k'Ug] 7fpFdf x'g'kb{5 . ufpFdf ePsf P] ltxfl;s, k'/ ftflTjs, tyf wfld{s dxTj af] s] sf ko{6sLo ;Defjgfsf If] qnfO{ nufgLsf] cfjZostf / x] sf] 5 . ufpFdf ko{6sLo ;Defjgf ePsf If] qdf ;/ sf/ n] nufgL a9fpg g;s] sf sf/ 0f / ko{6sLo ;Defjgf ePsf ;Dkbfx? cf] em] ndf kg] { u/ ] sf 5g\ . ;/ sf/ n] To: tf If] qdf nufgL u/ ] / ToxfFsf] ef} lts k"jf{wf/ lgdf{0f ug{ cfjZos 5 . s;/ L k'Ug] < bfªsf] efn'afªb] lv %( lsnf] ld6/ ofqfdf Ko'7fgsf] Jofkfl/ s s] G› afUb'nf k'luG5 . afUb'nfb] lv sl/ a $) lsnf] ld6/ sRrL ;8s kf/ u/ ] kl5 cvf{sf] 7"nfrf} / eGg] ufpFdf k'luG5 . 7"nfrf} / b] lv sl/ a ! 306f k} bn ofqfdf u'NdL / afUn'ªsf] l;dfgfdf kg] { uf} d'vL k'luG5 .

v

cGtjf{tf{

;flxTonfO{ lkhf / au{/ agfpg] b[li6sf]0fsf] k|ltjfb ul/g'k5{ ^$ jifL{o 8f= cd/ lu/ L ;'kl/ lrt slj, ;dfnf] rs, n] vs / dfS;{jfbL lrGts x'g'x'G5 . g] kfnL sljtfdf ljBfjfl/ lw ug'{ePsf lu/ Lsf sljtf, ;dfnf] rgf / ;Dkflbt u/ ] / 8] 9 bh{geGbf a9L s[ltx¿ k|sflzt 5g\ . k|ultzLn n] vs ;ª\3 g] kfnsf] cWoIf, g] kfn k|1f k|lti7fgsf] k|f1 kl/ ifb ;b: o Pj+ rnlrq ljsf; af] 8{sf] sfo{sf/ L cWoIf / x] / lhDd] jf/ L k"/ f ug'{ePsf lu/ L xfn efiff cfof] usf] ;b: o x'g'x'G5 . k|: t't 5– efiff, ;flxTonufotsf ljifodf pxfF;Fu ul/ Psf] ;+jfb .

– ;Dkfbs

8f= cd/ lu/ L

dfly pNn] v ul/ Psf ;flxTosf sltko wf/ fx¿ sdhf] / / x] sf 5g\ . To;cGtu{t sd n] lvb} 5 . tL dl/ ;s] sf 5g\ eg] / eGg rflxF cln ldNb} g . ;flxTonfO{ rfprfp, lkhf, ju{/ , sf] sfsf] nf cflb h: tf] agfpg] sfo{ eg] j} lZjs¿kd} rn] sf] 5 . cfhsf] k"FhLjfb ;flxTosf] ;f} Gbof{Tds d"NonfO{ eGbf ahf/ d"NonfO{ a9L dxTj k|bfg u5{ . pQ/ cfw'lgstfjfbL ljrf/ x¿n] o;nfO{ ;3fpF5g\ . e"d08nLs/ 0fnfO{ k"FhLjfbsf] cfly{s, / fhgLlts Pj+ ;f+: s[lts kl/ of] hgfsf ¿kdf lnOG5 . dfS;{jfbLx¿ dfq xf] Og, ;flxTosf] ;dfhk/ s Pj+ ;f} Gbo{k/ s e"ldsfnfO{ dxTj lbg] ;|i6f, lrGts Pj+ ;dfnf] rsx¿ ;flxTosf] j: t's/ 0fsf lj?4 pleg cfjZos 5 . dflg;s} j: t's/ 0f tLj|¿kdf eO/ x] sf] ;dodf 5f} + xfdL . ;dsfnLg k"FhLjfb skf] {/ ] 6, bnfn / e"d08nLs/ 0fsf c: qx¿ dfkm{t\ k|ultjfbL If] qdf lgs} cfqmfds tl/ sfn] k|: t't ePsf] 5, o: tf] cj: yfdf k|ultjfbL ;flxTosf/ x¿n] o;sf] ;fdgf s;/ L ug'{knf{ < k|ultjfbL ;|i6fx¿sf] klxnf] bfloTj cfhsf] k"FhLjfbsf] dfgj lj/ f] wL rl/ qnfO{ j} rfl/ s¿kdf ;': ki6 ug'{ xf] . o;sf] ;flxTo Pj+ ;f} Gbo{ lj/ f] wL b[li6sf] 0fnfO{ k|: t't gu/ L o; lj/ f] wL ;ª\3if{nfO{ alnof] agfpg ;lsGg . bf] ;|f] bfloTj cfkm} k"FhLjfbsf] j} rfl/ s Pj+ ;+: s[lts cfqmd0faf6 aRg' xf] . pkef] Qmfjfbsf] k|efj k|ultjfbL ;flxlTos cfGbf] ngdf klg k/ ] sf] 5 . xfdL cfkm} pkef] QmfjfbL, JolQmjfbL, ;'vjfbL Pj+ cfTds] lGb|t x'Fb} 5f} + . ‘ljeflht u/ / zf;g u/ ’ sf] ;"qnfO{ k"FhLjfbn] k|efjsf/ L¿kdf nfu' ub} { cfPsf] kfOG5 . o;sf] sd–a] ;L k|efj ljZj sDo'lgi6 cfGbf] ngdf klg k/ ] sf] 5 . xfdLn] cfkm"nfO{ o;af6 hf] ufpg ;Sg'k5{ . g] kfndf bnfn k"FhLjfb alnof] aGb} 5 . o;sf b'ik|efjx¿ ;a} lt/ b]lvb} 5g\ . k|ultjfbL ;flxTosf/ x¿n] ;fd"lxs / ;ª\ul7t¿kdf ;dsfnLg k"FhLjfbsf lj?5 ;ª\3if{ ug{ cfjZos 5 . ;dsfnLg k"FhLjfbsf] gjpbf/ jfbL rl/ q vt/ gfs 5 . o: tf] ljZn] if0f : jo+ sltko k"FhLjfbL lrGtsx¿n] g} ub} { cfPsf 5g\ . cfqmfds ag] sf] k"FhLjfbnfO{ cfqmfds 9ª\un] g} hjfkm lbg'k5{ . e"d08nLo k"FhLjfbsf ;fy;fy} g] kfnsf] bnfn k"FhLjfb / afXo x: tIf] ksf] lj/f]w ub}{ yk kl/ jt{gsf lglDt ;ª\3if{ ug'{ g] kfnsf k|ultjfbL ;|i6fx¿sf] bfloTj xf] . cfhsf] o'usf] pTkfbg k|0ffnLsf] rl/ qsf sf/ 0f hlGdPsf] ;f+: s[lts d"No / k|j[lQsf] d"Nofª\sg s;/ L ug'{x'G5 < cfhsf] o'usf] pTkfbg k|0ffnL eg] / oxfFn] kF"hLjfbnfO{ eGg'ePsf] x'g'k5{ . k"FhLjfb e"d08nLs[t ePsf] ;do xf] of] . ;dsfnLg k"FhLjfbn] lgdf{0f u/ ] sf dfgj lj/ f] wL ;f+: s[lts d"Nox¿sf] d} n] lg/ Gt/ cfnf] rgf ub} { cfPsf] 5' . k"FhLjfbsf w] / } h;f] ;f+: s[lts d"Nox¿ j} olQms Pj+ ;fd"lxs lxtsf lj?4df 5g\ . ;'?–;'?df k"FhLjfbdf / x] sf] k|ultzLn rl/ q nfdf] ;do / x] g . : jtGqtf, ;dfgtf, e|ft[Tj, dfgjtf, cfnf] rgfTds ljj] s, tfls{stf cflb qmdzM kfvf nfUb} uP . k"FhL lg0ff{os aGof] . d'gfkmfsf lglDt h] klg ug{ ;'? ul/ of] . ;To+ lzj+ ;'Gb/ d\ h: tf d"Nox¿ cy{xLg aGb} uP . : jfyL{, cfTds] lGb|t, d'gfkmfd'vL dg'iosf] lgdf{0f k"FhLjfbL ;+: s[ltsf] ceLi6 h: t} aGof] . r/ d JolQmjfb, ;fd"lxstfdf x|f;, pkef] Qmfjfb, ahf/ sf] ;jf] {kl/ tf, dg'iosf] j: t's/ 0f / cfkm} b] lv laR5] b k"FhLjfbL ;+: s[ltsf d'Vo kIf ag] . cfh oL cem a9] sf 5g\ . dg'io cfkm} af6, ;d"xaf6 cnlUub} 5 / lj;+aGwgsf] e'ne'n} ofdf lhpb} 5 . k"FhLjfbsf] : yflTjsf lglDt o: tf] dg'iosf] lgdf{0f cfjZos 5 . cfhsf] o'usf] pTkfbg k|0ffnLn] lgdf{0f u/ ] sf] ;f+: s[lts d"No 5f] 6f] df eGbf JolQmjfb, pkef] Qmfjfb / c/ fhstf xf] . o;;Fu gh'wL k|ultzLn ;f+: s[lts d"Nosf] lgdf{0f ;Dej 5} g . g] kfnsf] k|ultjfbL ;flxlTos cfGbf] ngsf ;d: ofx¿ s] –s] xf] nfg\ <

klg g] kfnL efiff g} k|of] u u5{g\ . d'n'sleqsf] zlQmzfnL efiffsf] jr{: jsf] kL8f cGo dft[ efiffx¿n] vKg'k5{ . zf;s / ;Qfn] Pp6f vf; efiffnfO{ sfvL RofKbf cGo dft[efiffx¿sf] kL8f cem a9\5 . Oltxf;df g] kfnL efiffnfO{ dfq dxTj lbg] / fHosf] rl/ qsf sf/ 0f cGo dft[efiff kl5 k/ ] s} x'g\ . ;r] t ¿kd} kl5 kfg] { k|of; ul/ Psf] xf] . g] kfnleqsf] zlQmzfnL efiff g] kfnL efiff ePsfn] cfh klg g] kfnsf cGo dft[efiffsf] ;+/ If0f, ;Da4{g / ljsf;df o;n] v8f ug{ ;Sg] r'gf} tLnfO{ uDeL/ tfk"j{s lng'k5{ . / fHon] s'g} klg k|sf/ sf] eflifs lje] b ug'{x'Gg . cfh klg ;+ljwfg tyf P] g sfg'gdf eflifs lje] bsf s'/ fx¿ 5g\ . ltgnfO{ x6fpg cfjZos 5 . k'/ fgf] dfgl;stfsf] k"/ } cGt eO;s] sf] 5} g .

Psflt/ alnof] efiffsf ¿kdf g] kfnL efiffaf6 g] kfnsf cGo dft[efiffx¿n] vKg'kg] { r'gf} tLx¿ 5g\ eg] csf{lt/ g] kfnL / cGo dft[efiffx¿dfly aflx/ sf jr{: jzfnL efiffx¿sf] cfqmd0f a9\ bf] 5 . xfdL ;a} k|sf/ sf eflifs pTkL8gsf] lj/ f] wdf pleg'k5{ . g] kfnsf ;a} dft[efiffx¿n] cfk\mgf] ;+/ If0f, ;Da4{g / ljsf; lglDt ;dfg cj;/ kfpg'k5{ . sdhf] / / nf] kf] Gd'v efiffx¿nfO{ ljz] if gLlt / sfo{qmd agfP/ ltgsf] ;+/ If0f, ;Da4{g / ljsf; ug'{k5{ . efjL ljZjsf] dfgj ;dfhn] af] Ng] efiff Pp6} x'g] 5 eGg] ljåfg\x¿ 5g\ . csf{lt/ ;a} efiffx¿sf] ;+/ If0f, ;Da4{g / ljsf;sf lgldQ hf] 8n] cfjfh klg p7\g] u/ ] sf] 5 . o;nfO{ s;/ L a'‰g] / efiff ;DaGwL b[li6sf] 0f s: tf] agfpg] < efiffsf] hGd ;fdflhs cfjZostfn] ePsf] xf] . dg'io g} o;sf] hGdbftf xf] . p;} n] o;sf] ljsf; ub} { cfPsf] 5 . efjL ljZjsf] dfgj ;dfhn] af] Ng] efiff Pp6} x'g] 5 jf Tof] ax'eflifs ;dfh x'g] 5 clxn] g} s] xL eGg ;lsGg . dfgj ;dfhsf] ljsf; / To;sf] rlqnfO{ x] bf{ efjL ljZjsf] dfgj ;dfh ax'eflifs ;dfh g} x'g]5 . dflg;n] Ps jf PseGbf a9L efiff hfGg] 5 / To;sf] k|of]u ug]{5 . o;sf lgldQ k|ljlwn] ljnIf0f9ª\un] ;xof] u k'¥ofpg] 5 . cfh klg ;xof] u k'¥ofpFb} 5 . cª\u|] hLdf af] Nb} u/ ] sf] jQmfsf] egfO tTsfn k|ljlwsf ;xfotfaf6 cfk\ mgf] dft[efiffdf cg'jfb u/ ] / ;'Gg / k9\g ;lsG5 . xfd|f] bfloTj ;a} efiffsf] ;+/ If0f, ;Da4{g / ljsf; xf] . eflifs ;fd|fHofjfb, Pj+ jr{Zjsf] k|ltjfb xf] . logs} sf/ 0f sdhf] / dft[efiffx¿ db} {5g\ . efiff dg'{ Pp6f hflt, ;Eotf / ;+: s[lt dg'{ xf] . xfdLn] rfx] sf] ax'eflifs ;dfh xf] . ax'eflifs ;dfhdf Pp6f efiffsf] s'/ f ug'{nfO{ jr{Zjk/ s wf/ 0ffsf ¿kdf lnOG5 . efiff juL{o x'Fb} g eGg] dfGotf / xFb} cfPsf] 5 t/ ;dfhsf] ljleGg ju{n] af] Ng] efiff km/ s / x] sf] kfOG5 . g] kfnd} / fhkl/ jf/ n] af] Ng] efiffnfO{ ‘zfxL efiff’ sf ¿kdf sltkon] pNn] v ug] { u/ ] sf 5g\ . o;nfO{ s;/ L a'‰g] < oxfFn] eg] sf] 7Ls} xf] . efiff juL{o x'Fb} g .

Pp6f efiff To; eflifs ;d'bfosf ;a} ju{n] af] N5g\ . efiff dfWod dfq xf] , : jo+ ljrf/ / kIfw/ tf xf] Og . JolQmsf] , ;d"xsf] , ju{sf] ljrf/ efiffsf dfWodaf6 JoQm x'G5 . ltgsf] ;+: s[lt Pj+ d"No k/ Dk/ f ToxfF k|ltljlDat x'G5 . efiffsf] k|of] ustf{sf] cfly{s, ;fdflhs–;f+: s[lts, / fhgLlts, z} lIfs cflb x} l;otcg';f/ To;sf] k|of] udf leGgtf cfpF5 . To;af6 ju{sf] klxrfgdf ;xof] u k'U5 t/ To;af6 efiff juL{o x'G5 eGg] lgisif{ lg: sGg . efiffnfO{ ;r] tg¿kdf juL{o lxtsf lglDt k|of] u eg] ul/ G5 / ul/ b} cfOPsf] 5 . o; cy{df efiff ju{ ;ª\3if{sf] : yn klg xf] . xfdL n8fOF efiffsf dfWodaf6} n8\5f} + . oxfFn] p7fpg'ePsf] s'/ fnfO{ efiffsf] ;fdflhs e] b cGtu{t cWoog ul/ G5 . hft, lnª\u, wd{, k] zf, ju{, ;d'bfo, lzIff, ;+: s[lt, : yfg, Joj;fo, pd] / cflb cg';f/ efiffsf] k|of] udf km/ s cfpF5 . ;fdflhs efiff lj1fgn] o;sf] dl;gf] u/ L cWoog u5{ .

;flxTonfO{ ljåfgx?n] km/ s km/ s 9+un] ljj] rgf u/ ] sf] kfOG5 . oxfFsf] b[li6sf] 0fdf ;flxTo s] xf] < ;flxTosf ;DaGwdf ;dfg b[li6sf] 0fx? kfOGgg\ . o;sf ;of} + kl/ efiffx? 5g\ . b[li6sf] 0fdf / xg] leGgtfsf sf/ 0f kl/ efiffdf leGgtf / x]sf] xf] . ;flxTo lrGts, ;dfnf] rs Pj+ ;|i6fx? s'g} g s'g} l;4fGt / ljrf/ ;Fu hf] l8Psf x'G5g\ . To;} cg'?k pgLx?sf] b[li6sf] 0f lgdf{0f x'G5 . ;a} s'/ fnfO{ pgLx? To;} cg';f/ x] 5{g\ . ;} 4flGts / j} rfl/ s k|lta4tfdf cfly{s, / fhgLlts, ;fdflhs l: yltn] dxTjk"0f{ e"ldsf lgjf{x u5{g\ . ;fdfGotof JolQmsf] juf{wf/ , p afFr] sf] kl/ j] z / p;sf lqmofsnfkx?n] p;sf] ;} 4flGts Pj+ j} rfl/ s kIfsf] lgdf{0fdf dxTjk"0f{ of] ubfg lbG5g\ . ;flxTosf] cfbz{jfbL, snfjfbL, z"GojfbL, lj;+ultjfbL, pQ/ cfw'lgstfjfbL cflbh: tf b[li6sf] 0f / kl/ efiffx? o;} cg'?k cufl8 cfPsf x'g\ . ;flxTonfO{ ;dfh;Fu hf] 8\g] , ;dfhsf] bk{0f 7fGg] / o;n] cfnf] rgfTds e"ldsf lgjf{x ug'{k5{ eGg] b[li6sf] 0fx? klg 5g\ . ;fdflhs Pj+ cfnf] rgfTds oyfy{jfbLx? ;flxTonfO{ o;?kdf x] 5{g\ . dfS;{jfbLx? ;flxTonfO{ dg'iosf] l;h{gfTds lqmofsnfksf ?kdf lnG5g\ / o;n] bk{0f / cfnf] rgfsf] e"ldsf dfq xf] Og, kl/ jt{gsf] e"ldsf klg ;Dkfbg ug'{k5{ eG5g\ . ;flxTosf] ;f} Gbo{ cfkm\gf] ljlzi6 k|s[lt cg';f/ hLjg / hutnfO{ ;'Gb/ agfpg s'?ksf lj?4 ;+3if{ ug'{df / x] sf] 5 . ;flxTojf6 k|fKt x'g] ;f} Gbo{ Pj+ cfgGb o;} ;Fu hf] l8Psf] 5 . ;flxTo hLjgsf lglDt xf] , ;dfhsf lglDt xf] . ;flxTo hLjg / ;dfhaf6} hGdG5 . s8j] nsf zAbdf eGbf ;dfh?kL ;Llkaf6 lgl: sPsf] df] tLsf ?kdf ;flxTonfO{ lng'k5{ . hLjgsf ;'v–b'Mv, psfnL–cf] / fnL, / fu–lj/ fu, ;+ult–c;+ult, cf;f–lg/ f;f, k|] d –3[0ff dfq xf] Og ;dfhdf ljBdfg cfly{s, / fhgLlts, ;fdflhs ;f+: s[lt, wfld{s, n} +lus, hftLo lje] b cflb;Fu ;DalGwt pTkL8g klg ;flxTosf] uDeL/ ;/ f] sf/ aGg'k5{ . hLjgsf j} olQms kIf oL ;a} ;Fu hf] l8Psf 5g\ . c;dfgtf cGofo / pTkL8gsf] cGt ge} hLjg / ;dfh s;/ L ;'Gb/ x'G5g\ / < ;flxTon] xfdLnfO{ hLjg / hutnfO{ a'em\g, s'?ksf lj?4 ;+3if{ ug{ / pTkL8gd'Qm dg'io ;dfhsf] lgdf{0f ug{sf lglDt k|] l/ t ug'{k5{ . cfhsf] e"d08nLo ;flxTosf] d"n j} rfl/ s wf/ f s] xf] / s;/ L alu/ x] 5 < cfhsf] ljZjsf ;flxTosf cg] sg wf/ fx¿ 5g\ . cfbz{jfbL, cl: tTjjfbL, lj;+ultjfbL, dgf] ljZn] if0ffTds, oyfy{jfbL, pQ/ fw'lgstfjfbL, dfS;{jfbL cflb ;flxlTos wf/ fx¿ o;leq k5{g\ . dfS;{jfbL ;flxTonfO{ ;dfhjfbL oyfy{jfbL ;flxTo, k|ultjfbL ;flxTosf ¿kdf klg pNn] v ug] { ul/ G5 . oyfy{jfbleq ;fdflhs Pj+ cfnf] rgfTds oyfy{jfbL wf/ fx¿ klg k5{g\ . oyfy{jfbL, dfS;{jfbL / pQ/ cfw'lgstfjfbL ;flxlTos wf/ fx¿d} a9L n] lvb} 5 . ;flxTodf klxrfgsf] cfjfh ;g\ !(*) sf] bzsb] lv a9L ;'lgg yfn] sf] xf] . n} +lus, hftLo Pj+ ;f+: s[lts klxrfgsf cGo ljljw : j/ x¿ ;flxTodf clxn] klg uDeL/ ¿kn] cleJoQm x'Fb} 5g\ . o; cleJolQmsf pQ/ cfw'lgs / u} / pQ/ cfw'lgs b'j} cfofdx¿ / x] sf 5g\ . klxrfgnfO{ s] Gb|df / fVg] sfd d"ntM pQ/ cfw'lgstfjfbLx¿n] ub} { cfPsf 5g\ . gjdfS;{jfbL Pj+ pQ/ dfS;{jfbLx¿n] klg klxrfgnfO{ a] ;L dxTj lbPsf] kfOG5 . pQ/ dfS;{jfbLx¿ o;df cem cufl8 5g\ . gjdfS;{jfbL / pQ/ dfS;{jfbLsf cfnf] rs dfS;{jfbLx¿ ju{nfO{ s] Gb|Lo dxTj k|bfg ub{5g\ . oyfy{jfbL ;flxlTos lrGtgn] klxrfg;DaGwL pQ/ cfw'lgstfjfbL b[li6sf] 0f;Fu ljdlt / fVb} cfPsf] kfOG5 . klxrfgh: t} kof{j/ 0f klg ;flxTodf dxTjk"0f{ ag] sf] 5 / kof{j/ 0f ;flxTo n] lvb} 5 . k|ljlwsf] pRr cj: yfsf] k|efj klg ;flxTodf k/ ] sf] 5 . dgf] ljZn] if0fdf cfwfl/ t ;flxTo klg xfdL k|z: t n] lvb} u/ ] sf] kfpF5f} + .

klxnf] ;d: of t j} rfl/ s g} xf] . k|ultjfbsf] dd{cg';f/ cl3 a9\g] s'/ fdf ;d: ofx? / xFb} cfPsf 5g\ . bflxg] / b] a|] sdhf] / Lx¿ cGoqsf] k|ultjfbL cfGbf] ngdf h: t} oxfFsf] k|ultjfbL ;flxlTos cfGbf] ngdf klg kfOG5g\ . bflxg] jf blIf0fkGyL ljrng g] kfnsf] k|ultjfbL ;flxlTos cfGbf] ngdf ;a} eGbf a9L kfOG5 . cfkm"nfO{ dfS;{jfbL eGg] ;flxTosf/ x¿sf] 7"nf] lx: ;fdf ;flxTo, snf;DaGwL dfS;{jfbL dfGotfx¿ lj/ fgf / c;fGble{s aGb} 5g\ . pgLx¿sf] af} l4s / k|fl1s elgg] n] vgnfO{ g} pbfx/ 0fsf] ¿kdf cl3 ;fg{ ;lsG5 . slt t dfS;{jfbL dfGotfsf] lj/ f] wdf plePsf kfOG5g\ . / fhgLltdf b] lvPsf] ;} 4flGts, j} rfl/s ljrng;Fu of] hf] l8Psf] 5 . lxhf] sf s} of} + vfF6L dfS;{jfbLx¿nfO{ cfh dfS;{jfb zAb ;'Gbf g} lemFhf] nfUg yfn] sf] 5 . ;fj{hlgs ;df/ f] xx¿df tkfO{F pgLx¿sf d'vaf6 dfS;{jfbLsf] pRrf/ 0f sd} ;'Gg kfpg'x'G5 . slt t ju{eGbf dflysf] ;flxTosf] s'/ f ul/ / x] sf e] l6G5g\ . sltnfO{ dfS;{jfb ‘Dofb ;lsPsf] cf} iflw’ h: tf] nfUb} 5 . gjdfS;{jfbL jf pQ/ dfS;{jfbL sf] 0faf6} eP klg ax; ug{ ;lsGYof] t/ Tof] klg 5} g . of] uhasf] l: ylt xf] eGg] nfU5 . cGoq d o: tf] l: ylt kfpFlbgF . csf] { ;d: of ;ª\u7g, ;xsfo{ / cfGbf] ngsf] xf] . ldNg ;lsg] s'/ fdf ldn] / k|ultzLn cfGbf] ngnfO{ ;fd"lxs¿kn] cl3 a9fpg ;lsg] cfwf/ x¿ 5g\ . t/ o;lt/ ck] Iffcg';f/ sfd x'g ;s] sf] b] lvGg . ;ª\ sL0f{tf / k"jf{u|x h: tf sdhf] / Lx¿ klg cfGbf] ngdf / x] sf 5g\ . ;fd"lxs 9ª\un] cl3 a9\g] s'/ fb] lv JolQm Pj+ ;du| cfGbf] ngsf] d"Nofª\sg ug] { s'/ fdf o;sf] gsf/ fTds k|efj k/ ] sf] 5 . cfk\mgf] ;d"xeGbf k/ lj/ n} sf] xL k'Ug rfxG5g\ . cg] sg ;d"x / ltgsf Ps csf{k|ltsf] Jojxf/ b] v] / cfGbf] ngfaf6 lj/ lQmP/ lx8\g] x¿ klg yf] / } 5} gg\ . cfk\mg} ;d"xleq klg d"Nofª\sgsf ;d: ofx¿ 5g\ . k|ultjfbLx¿ cfk\mgf d'Vo ljrf/ x¿df cl8b} ;a} eGbf km/ flsnf aGg'kg] { xf] t/ pgLx¿ g} ;a} eGbf ;fFu'/ f nfU5g\ . slxn] sfxL+ xfdL g} ;a} eGbf a9L O{iof{, s'07f, k"jf{u|x, ;ª\sL0f{tf / cfTd/ ltsf lzsf/ 5f} + ls h: tf] nfU5 . o; l: yltk|lt xfdL uDeL/ aGg cfjZos 5 . k|;ª\u abnf} +, tkfO{F efiff cfof] usf] ;b: o x'g'x'G5 . efiff cfof] un] clxn] s] sfd ub} {5 < c;f] hsf] clGtd ;ftf cfof] un] / fi6«klt ;dIf cfk\mgf] jflif{s k|ltj] bg k|: t't u¥of] . To;eGbf cl3 k|wfdGqL ;dIf ;/ sf/ L sfdsfhsf] efiff;DaGwL k"/ s k|: tfj k|: t't ul/ Psf] lyof] . @)&* sf] hgu0fgfcg';f/ n'lDagL / s0ff{nL k|b] zdf qmdzM ef] hk'/ L / v; efiffnfO{ k|b] zsf] ;/ sf/ L sfdsfhsf] efiffdf l;kmfl/ ; ul/ Psf] 5 . o; cl3 n'lDagL k|b] zdf cjwL / yf¿ Pj+ s0ff{nL k|b] zdf du/ efiffnfO{ k|b] zsf] ;/ sf/ L sfdsfhsf] efiff l;kmfl/ ; ul/ Psf] lyof] . ah] 6 gePsf sf/ 0f cGo sfo{qmdx¿nfO{ cl3 a9fpg ;lsPsf] 5} g . g] kfndf v; efiffsf] eflifs pTkL8gsf ljifodf ljdz{x¿ eO/ xG5g\ . o;;DaGwdf oxfFsf wf/ 0ffx¿ s] 5g\ < v; efiff eg] / oxfFn] g] kfnL efiffnfO{ eGg'ePsf] xf] nf . d} n] P] ltxfl;s ;Gbe{b] lv afx] s ‘v; efiff’ kbfjnLsf] k|of] u ug] { u/ ] sf] 5} g . d} n] ‘g] kfnL efiff’ eGg] u/ ] sf] 5' . clxn] t ‘v; efiff’ eg] / cnUu} efiffsf ¿kdf @)&* sf] hgu0fgfdf pNn] v ul/ Psf] 5 . o;} cfwf/ df efiff cfof] un] s0ff{nL k|b] zsf] ;/ sf/ L sfdsfhsf] efiffsf] ¿kdf ‘v; efiff’ nfO{ l;kmfl/ ; u/ ] sf] 5 . Oltxf;df g] kfnL efiffnfO{ v; efiff elgGYof] . o; ;LdfnfO{ g] kfnL efiffn] cltqmd0f u/ ] sf] nfdf] ;do eO;Sof] . dfWod efiffsf ¿kdf g] kfnL efiff af] Ng] x¿sf] ;ª\ Vof lgs} w] / } 5 . rjfln; k|ltzteGbf a9L g] kfnLx¿n] g] kfnL efiffnfO{ dft[ efiffsf ¿kdf af] N5g\ . g] kfn aflx/ sf clwsf+z g] kfnLx¿n]

cfhsf] /fzLkmn @)*).)*.)@ ut] zlgjf/ gIf]q– pQ/fiff9f, ltly– sflt{s z'Sn k~rdL

nIdLwf/f Hof]ltif s]Gb| Hof]= k+= 8f= e'jg]Zj/ a~hf8] ;b:o– g]kfn Hof]ltif kl/ifb\ df]afOn M (*$&*$!@%! ef/t )(!–(!@%&^^&)&

d]if -r",r] ,rf] ,nf,nL,n",n] ,nf] ,c_M

l;+x -df,dL,d",d],df],6f,6L,6",6] _M

wg' -o] ,of] ,ef,eL,e",w,kmf,9f,e] _M

j[if -O{,pm,P,cf] ,jf,lj,j",j] ,jf] _M

sGof -6f],k,kL,k",if,0f,7,k],kf] _M

ds/ -ef] ,hf,hL,h",h] ,hf],vf,vL,v",v] ,vf] ,uf,uL_M

ldy'g -sf,sL,s",3,ª,5,s] ,sf] ,x_M

t'nf -/f,/L,?,/],/f] ,tf,tL,t",t] _M

s'De -u",u] ,uf] ,;,;L,;',;] ,;f] ,b_M

ss{6 -xL,x",x] ,xf] ,8f,8L,8",8] ,8f] _M

j[lZrs -tf] ,gf,gL,g",g] ,gf] ,of,oL,o"_M

dLg -bL,b",y,em,~f,b] ,bf] ,rf,rL_M

sd{sf] pQd k|ltkmn Pj+ k|zGgtf k|fKt ug{ ;lsg]5 .

wd{ k/f]ksf/df ?lr Pj+ efUosf] /fd|f] ;fy /xg]5 .

:jf:Yodf sdL sdhf]/L Pj+ r'gf}tLleq cj;/ /xg ;Sg]5 . kfl/jfl/s ;fy, ;xof]u, e]63f6, cfly{s nfe Pj+ ;DaGwx?df ;'wf/ .

r'gf}tLx? / zq'x? kG5fp“b} ;kmntf k|fKt ug{ ;lsg]5 . af}l4s If]q km/flsnf] aGg ;Sg]5 .

c?nfO{ lbPsf] wgdfnsf] cfkm}nfO{ vf“rf] v8\lsg ;Sg]5 . wg, pT;fx Pj+ k|z+;f k|fKt ug{ ;lsg]5 .

a'l4sf] pkof]un] wg ljBf k|fKt ug{ ;lsg]5 . ljutsf sdL sdhf]/Lx?nfO{ ;'wf/ ug{ ;lsg]5 . cfk\mgfaf6 6fl9g'kg]{ cj:yf cfpg ;Sg]5 .

cfDbfgL /fd|f] xf]nf . Jofj;flos If]q klg nfek|b /xnf .

/

CMYK

@)*) ;fn d+l;/ @ ut] zlgjf/ (Nov. 18, 2023) lh=k|zf=sf= bfª b=g+= @!÷)%%÷)%^

lkt[sf] ;Demgfdf k|tLIffno lgdf{0f o'uaf] w ;dfrf/ bftf t'n;Lk'/ , ! d+l;/ . t'n;Lk'/ pkdxfgu/ kflnsf j8f g+= !! sf ^* jifL{o lj/ fh rf} w/ Ln] lkt[x?sf] ;Demgfdf k|tLIffno lgdf{0f ug'{ePsf] 5 . t'n;Lk'/ pkdxfgu/ kflnsf j8f g+= !! df] tLk'/ sf rf} w/ Ln] a'jf 6] g', cfdf lrKof / >LdtL / fdsnLsf] ;Demgfdf k|tLIffno lgdf{0f ug'{ePsf] xf] . sl/ a Ps nfv &) xhf/ sf] nfutdf t'n;Lk'/ –!! / b+uLz/ 0f ufp“kflnsf j8f g+= @ hf] 8\g] aaO{ gbLsf] emf] n'ª\u] k'nsf] 5] p“ df] tLk'/ df k|tLIffno lgdf{0f ug'{ePsf] xf] . ;w} + ufO{j: t' r/ fpg cfp“bf emf] n'ª\u] k'n;Dd c6f] n] ofq'nfO{ NofP/ emfl/ lbg] jf c6f] sf] kvf{Odf a: bf ofq'x? jiff{ofddf lgy|'Ss} leHg] t slxn] 6G6nfk'/ 3fddf al;/ x] sf] b[Zo lj/ fhn] b] Vg'x'GYof] . lj/ fhnfO{ Pp6f k|tLIffno

lgdf{0f ul/ lbPkl5 ofq'n] ef] Ug] of] ;f: tL ;bfsf nflu x6\5 ls eGg] ljrf/ cfof] . lj/ fh rf} w/ L eGgx'G5– …hLjgsf] ;ft bzs latfO;s] +, ;dfh ufp“df s] xL b] lvg] sfd ug'{k5{ ls eGg] ljrf/ cfof] clg a'jf, cfdf / >LdtLsf] ;Demgfdf k|tLIffno lgdf{0f u/ ] + .Ú j8f ;b: o ltns yf?

To; If] qdf lj/ fhn] k|tLIffno

agfpg cg'dlt lnPsf] Ps dlxgf glaTb} k|tLIffno lgdf{0f sfo{ ;DkGg u/ ] sf] atfpg'x'G5 . pxf“ eGg'x'G5– …lj/ fhdf tLa| OR5fzlQm / x] 5, Ps dlxgf glaTb} k|tLIffno lgdf{0f ug'{eof] .Ú gu/ k|d'v 6Lsf/ fd v8\ sfn] ;dfh lgdf{0fdf ;d'bfosf] e"ldsf ljz] if / xg] atfpg'eof] . pxf“ eGg'x'G5– …g] kfnL ;dfhdf kf6L, kf} jf, rf} tf/ f] , wf/ f, s'jf,

b]p;Le}nf]sf] /sd ;fdflhs sfo{df q a'l4 k'g

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;f+: s[lts e} nL ;d"xn] b'O{ hgf SofG;/ kLl8t / Ps hgf lduf} {nfkLl8tnfO{ cfly{s ;xof] u x: tfGt/ 0f u/ ] sf] 5 . k6g] / L lgjf;L SofG;/ kLl8t ?kf a'9fyf] sLnfO{ @% xhf/ , SofG;/ kLl8t l/ ¶faxfb'/ vqLnfO{ !% xhf/ / lduf} {nfkLl8t gj/ fh af] x/ fnfO{ % xhf/ x: tfGt/ 0f ul/ Psf] : yfgLo o'jf Go"6g >] i7n] hfgsf/ L lbg'eof] . ut jif{ klg oL b'j} b] p;Le} nf] ;d"xn] ltxf/ df ;+slnt / sd lduf} {nfkLl8t gj/ fh a'9fyf] sLnfO{ ;xof] u u/ ] sf lyP . ltxf/ sf] ;dodf / dfOnf] u/ ] / v] n] sf] b] p;Le} nf] af6 ;+slnt / sd vfglkg / cGo kmh'n sfo{df vr{ ug'{eGbf ;fdflhs sfo{df cu|;/ aGg'k5{ eGg] x] t'sf ;fy SofG;/ / lduf} {nfkLl8tnfO{ ;xof] u ul/ Psf] >] i7sf] egfO 5 . o: t} lhNnfsf] afurf} / gu/ kflnsf– ( s'okfgLdf / x] sf] : 6f/ o'jf Snan] b] p;Le} nf] af6 ;+sng u/ ] sf] / sd e"sDkk|efljtsf] nflu pknAw u/ fPsf] 5 . ltxf/ sf] cj;/ df Ps lbg v] n] sf] b] p;Le} nf] af6 ;+sng ePsf] / sd lhNnfsf] bfdf{

ufp“kflnsfdf sflt{s !& ut] / flt uPsf] e"sDksf sf/ 0f ef} lts?kdf s/ f] 8f} +sf] Iflt ePsfn] e"sDk k|efljtsf] nflu / sd pknAw u/ fOPsf] 5 . b] p;Le} nf] af6 ;+slnt / sdsf] cfwf / sd !! xhf/ ! ;o &^ bfdf{ ufp“kflnsfsf] ljkt\ Joj: yfg sf] ifdf hDdf ul/ Psf] Snjsf cWoIf 8k] Gb| 8f“uLn] hfgsf/ L lbg'eof] . pxf“n] b] p;Le} nf] af6 ;+slnt / sd kmh'n vr{ ug'{eGbf ;fdflhs sfo{df vr{ ul/ Psf] atfpg'eof] . o: t} zf/ bf gu/ kflnsf–!@ d"n8f“8fdf / x] sf] snf ;+: s[lt ;+/ If0f tyf ljsf; ;+: yfn] ljutb] lv g} b] p;Le} nf] af6 ;+sng ul/ Psf] / sd ;fdflhs sfo{df nufp“b} cfPsf] ;lrj dx] Gb| rnfpg] n] hfgsf/ L lbg'eof] . ljutdf v] lnPsf] b] p;Le} nf] sf] / sdn] ;dfhdf x'g] ljjfx, k'hfnufotsf sfo{df rflxg] 6] G6, ef“8fjt{gnufPsf ;fdu|L vl/ b ul/ Psf] eGb} pxf“n] o;jif{ ;+sng ul/ Psf] / sdn] ^) jif{dflysf Ho] i7 gful/ s ;a} nfO{ lgMz'Ns s'lk08] tfnsf] e|d0f u/ fpg] of] hgf / x] sf] hfgsf/ L lbg'eof] .

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o'uaf] w ;dfrf/ bftf 3f] / fxL, ! d+l;/ . g] skf Pdfn] bfªn] hfh/ sf] 6 / ?s'd klZrdsf e"sDkkLl8tnfO{ / fxt pknAw u/ fPsf] 5 . e"sDk k|efljt If] qd} k'u] / aGbf] a: tLsf ;fdu|L x: tfGt/ 0f ul/ Psf] xf] . kf6L{sf ;+ul7t ;b: o;“u hgxL %) ?k} of“, Pdfn] bfªsf kflnsf sld6L, j8f sld6L, hftLo d'lQm ;dfh, k] zfut dxf;+3, e"ldxLg >lds ;+u7g, / fli6«o v] ns"b dxf;+3nufot hgjuL{o ;+u7g / z'e] R5'sx?af6 ;+sng ul/ Psf] / sdn] / fxt pknAw u/ fOPsf] Pdfn] bfªn] hgfPsf] 5 . Pdfn] bfªn] hfh/ sf] 6sf nflu Ps ;o %) yfg lqkfn, Ps ;o %) yfg sDan, Ps ;o ld6/ Dof6, ?s'd klZrdsf nflu klg Ps ;o %) yfg lqkfn, Ps ;o %) yfg sDan, Ps ;o ld6/ Dof6 x: tfGt/ 0f ul/ Psf] g] skf Pdfn] bfªsf ;lrj dgf] x/ a'9fyf] sLn] hfgsf/ L lbg'eof] .

Pdfn] sf kf] ln6\Jo"/ f] ;b: o zfGtf rf} w/ L, s] Gb|Lo ;b: o 3gZofd kf08] , Pdfn] n'lDagL k|b] z ;lrj nId0f cfrfo{, Pdfn] bfªsf cWoIf x's'd a: g] t, pkfWoIf / fddl0f kf08] , ;lrj dgf] x/ a'9fyf] sLnufotn] Pdfn] ?s'd klZrdsf cWoIf gGb/ fd b] jsf] 6f, s0ff{nL k|b] z ;b: o sf} lznf s] ;L tyf Pdfn] hfh/ sf] 6sf cWoIf lvdaxfb'/

zfxL / uf] kfn g] kfnLnfO{ aGbf] a: tLsf ;fdu|L x: tfGt/ 0f ug{'ePsf] xf] . Pdfn] bfªn] / fxt ;fdu|L lgMz'Ns hfh/ sf] 6 / ?s'dklZrd 9'jfgL ug{] g] skf Pdfn] bfªsf ;lrjfno ;b: o ;'bg s] ;L / o'jf ;+3 g] kfnsf s] Gb|Lo ;b: o b] a' a: g] tnfO{ wGojfb 1fkg u/ ] sf] 5 . b'Mvdf hf] l8g] k|of; u/ ] sf xf} + M rf} w/ L g] skf Pdfn] sf kf] ln6\Jo'/ f] ;b: o zfGtf rf} w/ Ln] Pdfn] bfªn] e"sDkkLl8tx?sf] ;fgf] ;xof] udfkm{t b'Mvdf hf] l8g vf] h] sf] atfpg'ePsf] 5 . / fxt x: tfGt/ 0fkl5 af] Nb} g] tf rf} w/ Ln] cfkt laktdf ;Sbf] ;xof] u ug{' l5d] sLsf] st{Jo x'g] atfpg'eof] . o: t} g] skf Pdfn] sf s] Gb|Lo ;b: o 3gZofd kf08] n] e'sDk k|efljtsf] k'g: yfkgfdf Wofg lbg tLg} txsf ;/ sf/ ;“u cfu|x ug{'eof] . pxf“n] kLl8tsf] k'g: yf{kgfsf nflu Pdfn] n] e'sDk k|efljt If] qdf : jo+;] js kl/ rfng u/ ] sf] hfgsf/ L lbg'eof] .

Pdfn] n'lDagL k|b] z ;lrj nId0f cfrfo{n] e"sDk k|efljtsf] k'g: yf{kgfdf ;Sbf] of] ubfg ug{ ;a} nfO{ clkn ug{'eof] . Pdfn] bfªsf lhNnf kbflwsf/ L, 3f] / fxL, t'n;Lk'/ nufot kflnsfsf kbflwsf/ L, k|] ; rf} tf/ L, sd{rf/ L ;+u7gsf kbflwsf/ L / fxtsf nflu hfh/ sf] 6 / ?s'd klZrd k'u] sf lyP .

g]kfns} xf]rL dlxnfsf] lgwg b] pv'/ L, ! d+l;/ -o';_– g] kfns} xf] rL dlxnf eg] / bfjL ul/ PsL ndxL lgjf;L O{Zj/ L dfof l5gfnsf] lgwg ePsf] 5 . #) O~r prfO / ;f9] cf7 lsnf] tf} n ePsL l5gfnnfO{ g] kfnsL xf] rL dlxnf eg] / lrgfpg] ul/ Psf] lyof] . pxf“sf] pkrf/ sf] qmddf lgwg ePsf] kl/ jf/ sf ;b: on] hfgsf/ L lbPsf 5g\ . lgdf] lgofnufotsf

/ f] uaf6 u|l;t l5gfnsf] #! jif{sf] pd] / df sf] xnk'/ d] l8sn sn] hdf pkrf/ sf] qmddf laxLaf/ lgwg ePsf] lyof] . ?s'ddf hlGdPsL l5gfn )%% ;fnb] lv ndxL gu/ kflnsf–^ 3f] 8] af;df a: b} cfpg'ePsf] lyof] . pkrf/ ug{ cfly{s cefj ePsf] eGb} kl/ jf/ sf ;b: on] ;xof] usf] clkn ub{} cfPsf lyP . rf/ efOalxgLdWo] pxf“ h] 7L x'g'x'G5 . /=g+= M *$÷)%&÷%*

zf/bf art tyf C0f ;xsf/L ;+:yf lnld6]8 zf/bf gu/kflnsf j8f g+= !, >Lgu/, ;Nofg

shf{ /sd e'QmfgL ug{ cfpg]af/] ;"rgf † o; zf/ bf art tyf C0f ;xsf/ L ;+: yf ln= >Lgu/ ;Nofgaf6 tkl;ndf pNn] lvt C0fLn] lnPsf] shf{n] efvf gfl3;Sbf klg a'emfpg' kg] { ;fFjf / Aofh k6s–k6s df} lvs tyf lnlvt tfs] tf ubf{ ;d] t a'emfpgtkm{ rf;f] gb] vfO{ a] jf: tf ug'{ePsf] n] of] ;"rgf k|sflzt ePsf] ldltn] & lbgleq ;Dk"0f{ / sd a'emfpg cfpg t] ;|f] k6s ;"lrt ul/ G5 . cGoyf k|rlnt sfg"g adf] lhd lwtf] lnnfd laqmLaf6 c;'n pk/ ul/ g] ;d] t ;"lrt ul/ G5 . tkl;n C0fLsf] laj/0f

kmf]6f]

gfd M OGb| axfb'/ 8fFuL 7]ufgf M vn+uf uf=lj=;=, j8f g+= @ xfn zf/bf g=kf=, j8f g++= ! eujtLvf]nf, ;Nofg gf=k|=g+= M @)%, hf/L ldlt / :yfg M @)$&.)%.)!, ;Nofg afa'sf] gfd M xl/ axfb'/ 8fFuL afh]sf] gfd M kxndfg 8fFuL C0f lnPsf] ldlt M @)&*.!).)#

at{gdfnf/fgL ;fd'bflos jg pkef]Qmf ;d"x :ju{åf/L g=kf=– # Ko"7fg

sf7 lnnfd laqmL;DaGwL ;"rgf †

l;6 ;Lldt 5.

3f]/fxL pkdxfgu/kflnsf–!^ ;fgL cDafk'/ ;/f{, bfª kmf]g g+= )*@–%^@^)!, (*%&*#!^*%, (*%&*#%((), (*%&*#&@%% Web: www.rec.edu.np, Email: info@rec.edu.np

gf]6M l8Knf]df Og sDKo'6/ Ol~hlgol/ª, cldg, l;len / On]lS6«sn k9\g OR5's ljBfyL{x?n] t'?Gt ;Dks{ ug'{xf]nf .

bf];|f] k6s k|sflzt ldlt M @)*).)*.)@ ut] o; ;fd'bflos jg pkef] Qmf ;d"xn] cf=j= @)&(÷)*) df lgodfg';f/ ;+sng u/ L dfnf/ fgL eGg] : yfgdf / fv] sf] tkl;n adf] lhdsf] sf7 h] h: tf] cj: yfdf 5 ;f] xL cj: yfdf lnnfd laqmL ug'{k/ ] sf] x'Fbf OR5's sf7 sf/ f] af/ ug] {, rfn' jghGo pBf] ux?af6 of] ;"rgf k|sfzg ePsf] ldltn] !% lbgleq af] nkq kmf/ fd vl/ b ug'{ eO{ ;f] sf] ef] lnkN6 lbgsf] !@ ah] ;Dd uf] Ko lznaGbL af] nkq bflvnf ug'{x'g ;DalGwt ;a} df hfgsf/ L u/ fOPsf] 5 . cGo lj: t[t ljj/ 0f o; ;d"xsf] sfof{nosf] ;"rgf kf6Ldf 6fF; ul/ Psf] Aoxf] / f hfgsf/ Lsf] nflu cg'/ f] w 5 . tkl;n n6 g+= hft u|]8 lr/fg yfg OsfO{ kl/df0f A ! vf]6] ;Nnf] %#) So" lkm6 ($^=@( lj:t[t ;"rgf o; ;d"xsf] sfof{nodf ;Dks{ /fvL lng ;lsg]5 .

gofF o'uaf]w k|sfzg k|f=ln= åf/f k|sflzt, ;+: yfks Pj+ ;Nnfxsf/ M gf/fo0fk|;fb zdf{, cWoIf tyf k|aGw lgb]{zs M k|tfk /]UdL, ;Dkfbs M nIdL cfrfo{, ;dfrf/ ;Dkfbs M h]=Pg= ;fu/

cWoIf Joj: yfksM Clif/fh kf]v|]n

d'b|s M k|ltef ckm;]6 k|];, sfof{noM 3f]/fxL bfª, n'lDagL k|b]z, g]kfn kmf]g M )*@–%^))*$, %^!#)#, )*@–%^)($*, zfvf sfof{nox?M /fKtL pkTosf -b]pv'/L_– )*@–%()$*%, t'n;Lk'/– %@)($*, ndxL– (*%&*$)@$!, E-mail : yougbodh@gmail.com CMYK