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CMYK

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(Naya Yugbodh National Daily Jan. 18, 2024)

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ljsf; vr{ ;+3df ;':t, k|b]zdf emg ;':t q ;Gtf] if vgfn 3f] / fxL, # df3 . rfn' cfly{s jif{sf] cfwf ;do lalt;s] klg bfªdf ljsf; ah] 6 vr{sf] cj: yf lgs} bogLo kfOPsf] 5 . cfly{s jif{ @)*)÷)*! sf] cfwf ;do ;lsbf ;d] t ljsf; vr{sf] k|ult lrGtfhgs kfOPsf] xf] . lhNnfsf] ;+3Lotkm{sf] tLg ca{ #& s/ f] 8 ^^ nfv @* xhf/ s"n k"“hLut vr{sf] @) bzdnj !# cyf{t ^& s/ f] 8 (( nfv 5 xhf/ @! ?k} of“ kf“r k} ;f dfq} vr{ ePsf] 5 . k|b] ztkm{ k"“hLut ah] 6 tLg ca{ ;ft s/ f] 8 !) nfv #( xhf/ sf] !! bzdnj *& cyf{t #^ s/ f] 8 $% nfv %* xhf/ 5 ;o %@ ?k} of“ *% k} ;fdfq} k"“hLut vr{ ePsf] sf] if tyf n] vf lgoGqs sfof{no bfªn] hgfPsf] 5 . ljsf; lgdf{0fsf sfddf k|b] z cGtu{tsf sfof{nox¿sf] vr{ emg ;': t b] lvPsf] 5 . sf] if tyf n] vf lgoGqs sfof{no 3f] / fxLsf sf] if lgoGqs pbo/ fh e08f/ Ln] xfn;Dd slDtdf cfwf vr{ x'g] ;do ePsf] atfpg'eof] . pxf“n] o: t} ultdf ljsf; vr{ eP ljsf; ah] 6sf] k|ult lg/ fzfhgs x'g] atfpg'eof] . ljsf; lgdf{0fsf ultljlw ;': t ePsf] sf/ 0f cfwf cfly{s jif{ ;lsbf;Dd vr{sf] cg'kft ga9] sf] pxf“n] atfpg'eof] . clxn] sf] vr{ ;Gtf] ifhgs gePsf] pxf“sf] egfO 5 . bfªdf cfPsf] ah] 6df ;+3tkm{sf] rfn'tkm{ $& bzdnj @! k|ltzt vr{ ePsf] 5 . k|b] ztkm{sf sfof{nodf rfn'tkm{ !) bzdnj &( k|ltzt vr{ ePsf] 5 . bfªdf ;+3tkm{sf sfof{nosf nflu @& ca{ *# s/ f] 8 && nfv *! xhf/ ah] 6df k'; d;fGt;Dd !@ ca{ @@

sf7df8f} +, # df3 . k|wfgdGqL k'iksdn bfxfn …k|r08Ún] k|x/ L ;dfof] hgsf] k|lqmof rf“8} 6'+Uofpg lgb] {zg lbg'ePsf] 5 . k|wfgdGqL lgjf; afn'jf6f/ df a'wjf/ pkk|wfgdGqL Pj+ u[xdGqL gf/ fo0fsfhL >] i7;lxt ;'/ Iff clwsf/ L;“usf] 5nkmndf pxf“n] pQm lgb] {zg lbg'ePsf] xf] . k|wfgdGqL bfxfnn] g] kfn k|x/ L -k|b] z k|x/ L sfo{;~rfng / ;dGjo_ P] g, @)&^ hf/ L ePsf] nfdf] ;do laTbf;d] t ;dfof] hg cl3 ga9] sf] eGb} !% lbgleq

s/ f] 8 ($ nfv %^ xhf/ (^ ?k} of“ vr{ ePsf] 5 . h'g s'n ah] 6sf] $# bzdnj (# k|ltzt xf] . To;} u/ L k|b] ztkm{sf sfof{nodf rf/ ca{ ($ s/ f] 8 #% nfv !) xhf/ ah] 6df %^ s/ f] 8 ^% nfv &^ xhf/ kf“r ;o *^ ?k} of“ vr{ ePsf] 5 . h'g s"n ah] 6sf] !! bzdnj $^ k|ltzt xf] . ;+3tkm{sf] ;': t vr{ lhNnfdf / x] sf ;+3 ;/ sf/ cGtu{tsf ljsf;] sfof{nox¿ ;a} sf] vr{ ;': t b] lvPsf] 5 . cfwf cfly{s jif{ ;lsbf cfwf vr{ eO;Sg'kg] {df hDdf ah] 6sf] kf“r u'0ff sd vr{ ePsf] b] lvPsf] 5 . To;df klg l;+rfO{ / ;8stkm{sf] ah] 6 vr{sf] cj: yf emg gfh's b] lvPsf] 5 . k|uGgf tyf a8\sfky l;+rfO{ cfof] hgfsf] !& s/ f] 8 %# nfv k"“hLut ah] 6df kf“r s/ f] 8 kf“r nfv *( xhf/ ;ft ;o @! ?k} of“ dfq vr{ ePsf] 5 . &* s/ f] 8 !! nfv ^) xhf/ ah] 6 / x] sf] hgtfsf] t6aGw sfo{qmd lkmN8 sfof{no gDa/ ^ n] !@ s/ f] 8 &% nfv #( xhf/ kf“r ;o rf/ ?k} of“ @) k} ;f dfq vr{ u/ ] sf] 5 . ;8s l8lehg 3f] / fxLsf]

vr{ klg gfh's b] lvPsf] 5 . Ps ca{ !$ s/ f] 8 %^ nfv ah] 6 / x] sf] ;8s l8lehg 3f] / fxLn] hDdf !@ s/ f] 8 &# nfv (^ xhf/ !# ?k} of“ dfq} vr{ u/ ] sf] 5 . efn'afª–afUb'nf– eLdlu7] –rGb|f} 6f–s[i0fgu/ , ndxL– 3f] / fxL–t'n;Lk'/ ;8s of] hgfsf] @) s/ f] 8 !* nfv ah] 6df *% xhf/ cf7 ;o &) ?k} of“ dfq vr{ ePsf] 5 . ;3g zx/ L tyf ejg lgdf{0f cfof] hgf 3f] / fxLsf] %@ s/ f] 8 %& nfv %) xhf/ k'“hLut ah] 6df !@ s/ f] 8 tLg nfv ;ft xhf/ tLg ;o () ?k} of“ dfq vr{ ePsf] 5 . k|b] zsf] emg ;': t ;+3 eGbf k|b] z ;/ sf/ cGtu{tsf ljsf;] sfof{nox¿df vr{ emg ;': t b] lvPsf] 5 . k|b] z cGtu{tsf] ;8s k"jf{wf/ ljsf; sfof{nosf] Ps ca{ rf/ s/ f] 8 () nfv ah] 6df cf7 s/ f] 8 kf“r nfv %) xhf/ Ps ;o ## ?k} of“ !# k} ;f dfq} vr{ ePsf] 5 . &* s/ f] 8 #! nfv () xhf/ k"“hLut ah] 6 / x] sf] zx/ L ljsf; tyf ejg sfof{non] !) s/ f] 8 Ps nfv $! xhf/ 5 ;o !) ?k} of“ dfq vr{ af“sL # k]hdf:

n'lDagL k|b] z ;/ sf/ n] rfn' cfly{s jif{ @)*)÷)*! sf] k'; d;fGt;Ddsf] cjlwdf ljsf; ah] 6 !% k|ltzt dfq} vr{ u/ ] sf] 5 . rfn' cfly{s jif{sf] k'; d;fGt;Dd !% bzdnj *% k|ltzt k"“hLut ah] 6 vr{ ePsf] k|b] z n] vf lgoGqs sfof{no / fKtL pkTosf b] pv'/ Ln] hgfPsf] 5 . k"“hLuttkm{ @# ca{ @% s/ f] 8 ^( nfv Ps xhf/ ah] 6df tLg ca{ ^* s/ f] 8 %# nfv *% xhf/ Ps ;o %@ ?k} of“ *( k} ;f vr{ ePsf] 5 . rfn'tkm{ @@ bzdnj )* k|ltzt ah] 6 vr{ ePsf] 5 . rfn'tkm{ !& ca{ @@ s/ f] 8 @& nfv (( xhf/ ah] 6 / x] sf] df tLg ca{ *) s/ f] 8 @! nfv *@ xhf/ tLg ;o !& ?k} of“‘ #& k} ;f vr{ ePsf] k|b] z n] vf lgoGqs sfof{non] hgfPsf] 5 . sfof{nosf cg';f/ n'lDagL k|b] z ;/ sf/ sf] rfn' / k"“hLuttkm{sf] vr{ !* bzdnj %) k|ltzt ePsf] 5 . k|b] z ;/ sf/ sf] rfn' cfly{s jif{sf nflu $) ca{ $& s/ f] 8 (& nfvsf] ah] 6 / x] sf] 5 . k|b] z ;/ sf/ sf] rfn' cfjsf] ah] 6 ut cfjsf] eGbf b'O{ ca{ !^ s/ f] 8 sd 5 . rfn' cfly{s jif{sf] k'; d;fGt;Dd ;ft ca{ $* s/ f] 8 &% nfv ^& xhf/ rf/ ;o &) ?k} of“ @^ k} ;f vr{ ePsf] k|b] z n] vf lgoGqs sfof{non] hfgsf/ L lbPsf] 5 . sfof{nosf cg';f/ k|b] z;efsf] rfn'tkm{ #)=*^ / k"“hLuttkm{ !@=&) k|ltzt vr{ ePsf] 5 . k|b] z nf] s ;] jf cfof] usf] rfn'tkm{ @#=^$ / k"“hLuttkm{ !$=)@ k|ltzt ah] 6 vr{ ePsf] 5 . k|b] z of] hgf cfof] usf] rfn'tkm{ @!=@( k|ltzt vr{ ePsf] 5 eg] k"“hLuttkm{ !=!! k|ltzt ah] 6 vr{ ePsf] 5 . cy{ ljljwtkm{sf] s'g} klg ah] 6 vr{ ePsf] 5} g . : yfgLo tx lgsf;ftkm{ rfn' zLif{scGtu{t @*=(@ k|ltzt ah] 6 vr{ ePsf] 5 . : yfgLo txdf hfg] ah] 6 rfn' zLif{scGtu{t hfg] u/ ] sf] 5 . h'g rfn' tyf k"“hLutdf vr{ x'G5 . otf n'lDagLsf] dGqfnout?kdf x] bf{ af“sL clGtd k]hdf:

;dfof] hgsf] k|lqmof 6'+Uofpg lgb] {zg lbg'ePsf] k|wfgdGqLsf] ;lrjfnon] hgfPsf] 5 . 5nkmndf k|wfgdGqL bfxfnn] ;+3Lo sfg'g gaGbf / k|x/ L ;dfof] hgsf] k|lqmof g6'+lubf k|b] znfO{ sfd ug{ cK7\of/ f] k/ ] sf] eGb} o;df uDeL/ x'g lgb] {zg lbg'ePsf] xf] . …;+3Lotf sfof{Gjog h'g ultdf x'g'kg] { xf] , To;f] x'g;s] sf] 5} g . To;sf] k|ToIf k|efj k|b] znfO{ kl/ / x] sf] 5 . o;n] ubf{ k|b] zsf d'VodGqL / k|b] z ;/ sf/ sf sfd k|efljt ePsf 5g\Ú– k|wfgdGqL bfxfnn] eGg'eof] – …o;nfO{ g} af“sL clGtd k]hdf:

q odnfn e';fn a'6jn, # df3 . n'lDagL ljsf; sf] ifsf pkfWoIf 8f= Nxf/ Sofn nfdf -v] Gkf] l5d] _ / lrlgof“ cGt/ f{li6«o a'l4i6 Pzf] l;P;gsf pkfWoIf o'g ;'ªaLr n'lDagLsf] ljsf;df ;xsfo{ ug] { laifodf 5nkmn ePsf] 5 . pkfWoIf 8f= nfdf / ;'ªaLr a'waf/ ePsf] e] 6jftf{Dff zflGtsf cu|b"t uf} tda'4sf] hGd: yn n'lDagLsf] ljsf;df ;xsfo{ ug] {,

lrlgof“ ko{6snfO{ n'lDagLdf a9L eGbf a9L Nofpg] nufotsf ljifodf 5nkmn ePsf] xf] . e] 6df pkfWoIf 8f= nfdfn] rLg / g] kfnaLrsf] ;DaGw eujfg a'4n] yk glhs agfPsf] pNn] v ub} { n'lDagLdf lrlgof“ ko{6snfO{ : jfut ug{ cft'/ / x] sf] atfpg'eof] . rLgdf a'4sf cg'ofoLx? w] / } / x] sfn] a'4hGd: yndf Nofpg] jftfj/ 0fsf nflu kxn ul/ lbg pkfWoIf 8f= nfdfn] cfu|x ug'{eof] . e] 6df 8f= nfdf / pkfWoIf ;'ªaLr b'O{ b] zaLrsf]

Oltxf; arfpg tL/ k|xf/ o'uaf] w ;dfrf/ bftf 3f] / fxL, # df3 . : ofDaf] ufp“b} cfPsf] efO{ xf] Tof] tf/ f kmf] g{nfO{ ls d'6' kmf] b] {p ls tf/ f kmf] b] {p afa'sf] 5f] / fnfO{ lr/ lr/ ] sf“8f] eOs'6] 7f“8f] lr/ lr/ fo wDd==== o: t} hf] lznf uLt ufp“b} du/ ;d'bfon] lzsf/ ug] { sf} zn tL/ xfg] / df3] ;+qmflGt dgfPsf 5g . tL/ xfGg] du/ ;d'bfosf] k'Vof} {nL snf xf] . k'vf{x? h+undf a: bf / vfgsf nflu lzsf/ ubf{ dfq} xf] Og zq' k/ flht ug{ klg wg'ifaf0fsf] k|of] u uy] { . k"vf{sf] ToxL wg'ifaf0f ;+/ If0f ug{ / du/ ;d'bfosf] Oltxf; arfpg pgLx?n] x/ ] s df3Ldf tL/ xfGg] k|ltof] lutf ;d] t ub} { cfPsf] n'u'Dofn vfd ;dfh 3f] / fxLn] hgfPsf] 5 . …clxn] cfw'lgs hdfgf 5 . n8\g jf lzsf/ g} ug'{ k/ ] klg cfw'lgs xltof/ 5g\Ú– 3f] / fxL– !* uf] bfj/ L 6f] nsf &# jifL{o 6] sjL/ 3tL{n] eGg'eof] – …xfd|f k'vf{sf] kfnfdf t wg'ifjf0f g} cfw'lgs xltof/ dflgGYof] . wg'ifaf0fn] lzsf/ uy] { / hLjg rnfp“y] . b'Zdg;“u n8\g CMYK

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klg w'gifjf0f g} k|of] u uy] { . 7"nf–7"nf o'4 hLt xf/ uy] { . To;} n] wg'ifaf0f xfd|f] k'vf{ / Oltxf;;“u hf] l8Psf] a: t' xf] . o;nfO{ xfdLn] ;+: s[lt;“u hf] 8] / arfpg] k|of; ul/ / x] sf 5f} + .Ú pxf“n] wg'ifaf0f xfGbf / dfOnf] klg x'g] / du/ ;d'bfosf] Oltxf;af/ ] gof“ k': tfnfO{ hfgsf/ L klg u/ fpg] sfd eO/ x] sf] atfpg'eof] . df3 v] tLkftLsf] lx;fjn] cln km";{b x'g] dlxgf xf] . ;a} sfd ;lsPsf] cj: yf klg ePsfn] du/ ;d'bfon] df3] ;+qmflGts} a] nf tL/ xfGg] / uLt ufP/ / dfOnf] ug] { u/ ] sf] g] kfn du/ ;+3 bfªsf ;Nnfxsf/ hok|sfz

3tL{ du/ n] atfpg'eof] . / dfOnf] ug] { / k'vf{n] v] n] sf] wg'ifjf0f ;+/ If0f ug] {dfq} xf] Og tL/ nfO{ laGb' r'dfpg] JolQm ;fdflhs?kd} bIf ePsf] 3f] if0ff ug] { rng du/ x?df 5 . tL/ rnfpg hfg] sf] n] p kl/ kSj ePsf] eGb} ufp“el/ 3'dfP/ xif{a9fO{ ug] { rng / x] sf] ;Nnfxsf/ 3tL{ du/ sf] egfO 5 . du/ x?sf k'vf{n] s;/ L hLjgofkg uy] {, s] vfGy] , s] ;fdfg k|of] u uy] { eGg] s'/ f gof“ k': tfnfO{ hfgsf/ L u/ fpg tL/ k|ltof] lutfn] dxTjk"0f{ e"ldsf v] n] sf] g] kfn du/ ;+3 af“sL clGtd k]hdf:

q bz/ y l3ld/ ] b] pv'/ L, # df3 . ndxL gu/ kflnsf–^ 3F] 8] af; lgjf;L &$ jifL{o j0f{l;+x 3tL{ nf} / f] 6] Sb} lx8\8'n ug{'x'G5 . of] pd] / df pxf“nfO{ ch{'gvf] nf t/ ] / kNnf] k6\l6 hfg÷cfpg a8f] d'l: sn x'GYof] . vf] nfdf cfpg] af9Ln] t pxf“nfO{ avf{df 5] SYof] . / f;gkfgLsf] nflu ndxL hfg klg aGb x'GYof] . t/ clxn] 3tL{ of] pd] / df klg nf} / f] 6] s] / } emf] n'+u] k'naf6 vf] nf tg{ kfp“bf v'zL x'g'x'G5 . …avf{df t s: tf] xf] s: tf] ;d: of . cfpg hfg} g;Sg] x'GYof] . af6f] / k'n gePs} sf/ 0f ufp“ klg ;'g;fg x“'b} lyof] . a;fO ;/ ] / hfg] cj: yf lyof] Ú– pxf“n] eGg'eof] – …af6f] / k'nn] ufp“nfO{ hf] 8\of] . ca vf] nfsf] lt/ lt/ } lx8\g'kb{} g .Ú ;'ldqf / f] sfnfO{ ch{'gvf] nfdf af9L cfp“bf 7"nf] lk/ x'GYof] – …5f] / f 5f] / LnfO{ s;/ L : s"n k7fpg] .Ú t/ ca

of] lk/ klg x6] sf] df ;'ldqf v'zL x'g'x'G5 . …: s"n hfg cfpg b'Mv lyof] . ;fgf s] 6fs] 6LnfO{ vf] nf kf/ u/ fpg d'l: sn x'GYof] . ca t 9'Ss} eof] Ú– pxf“n] eGg'eof] – …af9L cfof] eg] klg k'naf6 t/ ] / cfpg ;S5g\ .Ú Pp6} j8fleq kg] { a] nbdf/ / 3f] 8] af; l5d] sL ufp“ x'g\ . t/ a] nbdf/ af6 3f] 8] af; hfg af6f] 5} g . vf] nfsf] lt/ lt/ } lx8\g'kg{] afWotf lyof] . clxn] ch{'gvf] nf;Dd k'Ug ;8s / Toxf“af6 3F] 8] af; hfg emf] n'+u] k'n ag] kl5 lgs} ;xh ePsf] : yfgLo cu'jf ;'Aaf nfdf tfdfªn] atfpg'eof] . …oxf“ ljsf; rflxof] eg] / sltk6s cfjfh p7fOof] . aNn ;kgf ;fsf/ eof] . cem} s6fgsf] ;d: of 5 . Totf klg Wofg lbg'kg{] 5Ú– pxf“n] eGg'eof] – …lah'nL lyPg . lah'nL cfof] . af6f] lyPg af6f] cfof] . k'n lyPg, k'n cfof] .Ú g af6f] g vf] nfdf k'n . o: tf] bogLo cj: yfaf6 u'h|] sf] ndxL

gu/ kflnsf–^ 3f] 8] af; ufp“df clxn] af6f] / k'n b'a} k'u] sf] 5 . ;fgf afnaflnsfnfO{ ljBfno / kfsf k': tfnfO{ vf] nf kf/ ug{ ;xh ePsf] 5 . ca ufp“df kmn] sf t/ sf/ L / kmnkm"nn] ahf/ kfpg] cfzf : yfgLosf] 5 . ch{'gvf] nfsf] lsgf/ df 3f] 8] af; ufp“ 5 . of] ufp“df cfpg hfg lgs} ;d: of lyof] . g af6f] lyof] g vf] nfdf k'n . jiff{df t af9Ln] ubf{ cfpg hfg g;Sg] x'GYof] . lxp“bdf vf] nfsf] lt/ lt/ } lx8] / ufp“ / ahf/ ug{'kYof{] . clxn] ufp“ hf] 8\g sRrL ;8s / ch{'g vf] nfdf emf] n'+u] k'n ag] sf] 5 . k} bn lx8] / eP klg df] 6/ af6f] ;Dd k'Ug ;Sg] cj: yf ag] sf] 5 . @% 3/ w'/ L / x] sf] 3f] 8] af;df af6f] / k'ns} c;'ljwfn] ubf{ s] xLn] a;fO ;/ ] / cg] q ;d] t uPsf 5g\ . emf] n'+u] k'naf6 cfpg hfg ;lhnf] ePsf] : yfgLox?sf] egfO 5 . ndxL–3f] / fxL ;8sb] lv ch{'g vf] nf;Ddsf] sl/ a ;ft ;o %) ld6/ nfdf] df] 6/ af6f] af“sL clGtd k]hdf:

/fli6«o;ef lgjf{rgsf] ;'/Iff Joj:yf ldnfpg cfof]usf] lgb]{zg o'uaf] w ;dfrf/ bftf

sf7df8f} +, # df3 . lgjf{rg cfof] un] / fli6«o;ef ;b: o lgjf{rgnfO{ eo/ lxt ;fem] bf/ L, n'lDagLsf] ljsf; jftfj/ 0fdf ;DkGg ug{ cfjZos ;+/ If0f / ;Da4{gnufotsf ;'/ Iff k|aGw ldnfpg ;/ sf/ nfO{ ljifodf 5nkmn ePsf] lyof] . lgb] {zg lbPsf] 5 . e] 6df lrlgof“ cGt/ f{li6«o a'l4i6 cfof] usf] a'waf/ a;] sf] Pzf] l;Pzgsf pkfWoIf ;'ªn] a} 7sn] u[x dGqfnosf] ;dGjodf uf} tda'4sf] hGd: yn n'lDagLsf] ;'/ Iff lgsfoaf6 cfjZos ;'/ Iff e|d0f ug{ kfp“bf lgs} v'zL k|aGw ldnfpg lgb] {zg lbPsf] nfu] sf] atfpg'eof] . pxf“n] xf] . lgjf{rg Joj: yfkgnfO{ a'4 hGd: yn lrlgof“x?sf nflu ;'Jojl: yt¿kdf cufl8 a9fpg kljq : yn / x] sfn] o;sf] k|rf/ dtbftf, pDd] bjf/ , lgjf{rg k|;f/ ug] { atfpg'eof] . n'lDagL clws[tsf] sfof{no, lgjf{rgdf e|d0fdf / xg'ePsf pkfWoIf o'g vl6Psf sd{rf/ L, lgjf{rg ;fdu|L, ;'ªsf] 6f] nLdf sl/ a $) hgf dtbfg: ynnufot lgjf{rgdf leIf', leIf'0fL ;xefuL / x] sf 5g\ . x'g;Sg] ;Defljt ;'/ Iff

r'gf} tLnfO{ dWogh/ ub} { ;'/ Iff Joj: yf dha't agfpg lgb] {zg lbOPsf] cfof] usf ;xfos k|jQmf >Lw/ kGyLn] hfgsf/ L lbg'eof] . cfof] un] k|b] z / fhwfgL df] / ª, wg'iff, dsjfgk'/ , sf: sL, bfª, ;'v] {t / s} nfnLdf / x] sf k|b] z lgjf{rg sfof{nodf : yfkgf ePsf lgjf{rg clws[tsf] sfof{no tyf lgjf{rgsf] sfo{df vl6Psf ;Dk"0f{ hgzlQmsf] ;'/ Iff Joj: yf ldnfpg] lgb] {zg lbPsf] 5 . / fli6«o;ef ;b: o lgjf{rgsf dtbftf k|b] z;ef ;b: o, ufp“kflnsfsf cWoIf tyf pkfWoIf, gu/ kflnsfsf k|d'v tyf pkk|d'v dtbfg k|of] hgsf nflu cfpg] / hfg] dfu{ tyf cfjf;Lo If] qdf ;'/ Iff Joj: yf

ldnfpg;d] t lgb] {zg lbOPsf] cfof] un] hgfPsf] 5 . cfof] un] dtbftfnfO{ dtbfg s] Gb| / x] sf lhNnfsf xf] 6n Joj;foL;“u ;dGjo u/ L dtbftfs} lghL vr{df a;f] af;, pDd] bjf/ / dtbftf lgjf{rg sfo{qmddf ;xefuL x'“bf ;DalGwt lhNnf k|zf;g sfof{no;“u ;dGjo u/ ] / dfq lx88'nsf] Joj: yf tyf dtbfg s] Gb| / dtu0fgf: ynsf] ;'/ Iff k|aGw ldnfpg lgb] {zg lbPsf] 5 . cfof] un] eo/ lxt jftfj/ 0fdf lgjf{rg ;DkGg u/ fpg lhNnf lgjf{rg ;'/ Iff ;ldltnfO{ lqmofzLn t'NofO{ lgjf{rg ;'/ Iff Joj: yfnfO{ k|efjsf/ L Pj+ e/ kbf] { agfpg cfu|x u/ ] sf] 5 .

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;lv P xf] , df3s u'/L u'/L hf“F/ e"sDkLo hf]lvd Go"g ug{ ;r]tgf lj:tf/ cfjZos g] kfn e"sDkLo pRr hf] lvddf / x] sf] b] z xf] . s] xL ;dosf] cGt/ fndf e"sDksf sf/ 0f 7"nf] hgwgsf] Iflt x'Fb} cfPsf] 5 . lj;+ !(() ;fnsf] ljgfzsf/ L e"sDkaf6 kf7 l;s] / ;'/ lIft cfjf; lgdf{0f / ;Defljt e"sDkLo hf] lvd Go"gLs/ 0faf/ ] ;fdflhs ;r] tgf clej[l4 ug{ x/ ] s jif{sf] df3 @ ut] e"sDk ;r] tgf lbj; dgfpg] ul/ Psf] 5 . lj;+ !(() df3 @ ut] uPsf] ljgfzsf/ L e"sDksf] ;Demgfdf @)%% ;fnb] lv x/ ] s jif{ e"sDk ;'/ Iff lbj; dgfpg yflnPsf] xf] . g] kfndf ljleGg sfo{qmd u/ L of] lbj; dgfOPsf] 5 . clxn] ;Dd lj1fgn] e"sDk cfpg] lbgsf] cg'dfg ug] { pkfosf] vf] hL ug{ ;s] sf] 5} g . To;} n] olt g} a] nf of] 7fpFdf o;/ L e"sDk hf“b} 5 eGg] yfxf x'Fb} g t/ e"sDkLo hf] lvdsf] vt/ fdf / x] sf g] kfn h: tf b] zx?df pRr ;ts{tf / ;fjwfgLdf eg] xd] zf Wofg lbg'kg] { cfjZostf 5 . clxn] sf] k': tfn] b] v] sf] dxfe"sDk eg] sf] @)&@ sf] e"sDk g} xf] . h;nfO{ af/ kfs jf uf] / vf e"sDk eg] / klg lrGg] ul/ G5 . oxL jif{ dfq} klg hfh/ sf] 6nfO{ s] Gb|ljGb' agfP/ ut sflt{s !& ut] klZrd g] kfndf uPsf] e"sDkn] hfh/ sf] 6, ?s'dklZrd / ;Nofgdf 7"nf] hgwgsf] Iflt eof] . e"sDkkl5 / fxtsf] k|f/ lDes sfo{ eP klg k'glg{df{0fsf] sfd cem} z'? x'g ;ls/ x] sf] 5} g . cem} klg s} of} + 3/ kl/ jf/ v'nf cfsfzd'lg / ft latfO/ x] sf 5g\ . o;af6 s] b] lvG5 eg] e"sDkaf6 x'g] hgwgsf] Iflt hlt kL8f lbG5, To;nfO{ a] n} df ;Daf] wg ug{ g;Sbf kLl8tn] cem a9L kL8f ef] Ug'kg] { x'G5 . To;} n] e"sDk ;r] tgf lbj; dgfO/ xFbf e"sDkkl5sf] / fxt / k'g lg{df{0fsf] ;jfndf ;w+} tof/ L cj: yfdf / xg'kg] { eGg] lzIff lng' klg plQs} cfjZos 5 . g] kfn e"sDkLo pRr hf] lvddf 5 eGg] gofF ljifo xf] Og . To;df klg cem klZrd g] kfndf ljut kfFr ;o jif{b] lv e"sDk guPsf] lj1x?n] r] tfjgL lb+b} cfPsf 5g\ . o;sf] cy{ klZrd g] kfn e"sDksf] pRr hf] lvddf 5 eGg] bf] xf] ¥ofO/ xg'kg] { ljifo xf] Og .

To;af6 e"sDk hfFbf hgwgsf] Iflt Go"gLs/ 0f s;/ L ug{ ;lsG5 eg] / ;r] tgf lj: tf/ df Wofg lbg' cfjZos 5 . e"sDksf] hf] lvd Go"g ug] { dxTjk"0f{ pkfo eg] sf] e"sDk k|lt/ f] wL ;+/ rgfsf] lgdf{0f g} xf] . dflg; s'g} g s'g} lx;fan] ef} lts ;+/ rgf;Fu lgs6 eP/ a;] sf] x'G5 . 3/ xf] ;\ jf sfo{: yn, dflg; lg/ Gt/ dflg;n] g} agfPsf] ef} lts ;+/ rgfdf / x] sf] x'G5 . To;} n] dflg;n] lgdf{0f ug] { x/ ] s ef} lts k"jf{wf/ e"sDk k|lt/ f] wL x'g' cfjZos 5 . ;fdfGotM s] eGg] ul/ G5 eg] e"sDk dfgj lj/ f] wL xf] Og lsgeg] e"sDkn] dflg; dfb} {g. a¿ dfgj lgld{t k"jf{wf/ x? g} dflg;sf zq'sf] ?kdf v8f x'g] ub{5g\ . e"sDk k|fs[lts ljklQ ePsfn] o;sf] cl: tTjnfO{ : jLsfg{' afx] s csf] { ljsNk 5} g a? To;af6 hgwgsf] Iflt x'g glbg lg/ Gt/ tof/ Ldf h'6\g' cfjZos 5 . ljsl;t b] zsf dflg;x¿n] e"sDk k|lt/ f] ws ljsf; ;+/ rgfx¿ -ejg, k'n, afFw, / fhdfu{ OToflb_ agfpg] s'/ fnfO{ k|fyldstfdf / fv] sf x'G5g\ . g] kfndf klg xfdLn] e"sDk k|lt/ f] wL 3/ agfpgsf nflu ejg ;+lxtf hf/ L u/ ] sf 5f} + . t/ To;sf] sfof{Gjogsf] kIf lkmtnf] b] lvG5 . zlQmzfnL e"sDk cfpFbf klg e"sDk k|lt/ f] ws ejgx¿df vf;} gf] S;fg gk'Ug] x'gfn] xfdLn] To: tf ljsf; ;+/ rgfx¿ e"sDk k|lt/ f] ws agfpg cfjZos 5 . clxn] hfh/ sf] 6, ?s'dklZrd / ;Nofgdf klg h'g b/ df hgwgsf] Iflt eof] , o;df ;+/ rgf g} d'Vo sf/ ssf] ?kdf b] lvP . oL ;a} 36gfaf6 kf7 l;Sb} e"sDk k|lt/ f] wL ;+/ rgf lgdf{0fdf Jofks r] tgf hfu[t ug'{ cfjZos 5 . ;Fu;Fu} x/ ] s txsf ;/ sf/ n] / cem a9L : yfgLo txx?n] cfktsfnLg p4f/ sfo{sf] of] hgf agfpg] / To;sf nflu ;|f] t ;fwg tof/ L cj: yfdf / fVg] tkm{ Wofg lbg cfjZos 5 .

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g] kfnsf] v] ns"bsf] ;Gbe{df ef} lts k"jf{wf/ x¿ h'g ultdf tLa| ultdf cl3 a9fpg'kg{] xf] Tof] ultdf a9fpg ;s] sf 5} gf} + . To;} n] ljutdf ePsf sdL sdhf] / LnfO{ ;RofpFb} cfh / ef] lnsf lbgdf xfdLn] v] ns"b k"jf{wf/ nfO{ k|fyldstfdf / fv] / cl3 a9\g h?/ L 5 .

– k"0f{axfb'/ v8\sf -pkk|wfg Pj+ / IffdGqL_ cfh eGbf #% ;o jif{cl3sf a: tLx? s: tf lyP < Tof] ;a} eGbf k'/ fgf] a: tL n'lDagLdf lyof] eGg] s'/ f k|dfl0ft eO;s] sf] 5 . xfdLn] ;Dkbf ufpF lgdf{0fsf s'/ f cl3 a9fPsf 5f} + . k'/ fgf] ufpF vf] hL, gofF ko{6g uGtJo xf] ;\ eg] / ^) j6f eGbf a9L k'/ fgf ufpFsf] vf] hL sfo{ cl3 a9fPsf 5f} + .

– ;'bg ls/ f“tL -;+: s[lt, ko{6g tyf gful/ s p•ogdGqL_ pDd]bjf/ ;fyLx? ljleGg dfWodx?sf] k|of]u ub{} dt dflu/xg'ePsf] 5, l;+uf] kf6L{ g} kl/ rfng ePsf] 5 . u7aGwgsf] dtef/ sf] t'ngfdf Pdfn] sf] dtef/ sd / x] klg xfd|f b'a} pDd] jf/ n] lhTg] / 0fgLltsf ;fy k|rf/ k|;f/ sf] sfd ul/ / xg' ePsf] 5 .

– ef] hk|;fb >] i7 -Pdfn] n'lDagL k|b] zsf pkfWoIf_ s]xL ;d"x lgof]lht 9Ën] lqljnfO{ v'ONofpg nfu]sf 5g\ . o;nfO{ Wj: t gkf/ ] ;Dd csf{] ljZjljBfno vf] Ng ;lsFb} g eg] / lgof] lht 9Ën] nfu] sf 5g\ . s] xL ljZjljBfno v'Ng] kfOknfOgdf / x] sf] klg yfxf kfPsf] 5' .\ – k|f8f lzjnfn e';fn -lqe'jg ljZjljBfnosf pks'nklt_

cfhef]ln df3L kj{sf] /f}gs sf]7fd} a;La;L df] afOndf dHhfn] x] g{ kfOG5 . ufp“n] x? eG5g\ df3L kj{ ufp“af6 zx/ kl;;s] sf] 5 . zx/ sf] dfbn 3GsfOn] ufp“ lkmsf nfUg] eO;s] . o;/L ufp“af6 z'? ePsf] yf?x?sf] rf8sf] zx/ Ls/ 0f eO;Sof] . 3f] / fxL ahf/ df df3Lsf] k"jf{Eof; kGw| la; lbgcl3 b] lvaf6 g} z'? eO;s] sf] xf] . dlb/ fnodf d: tL lng] hdfgfdf df3s u'? u'/ L hf“/ sf] no w'lg tfn ylk+bf cfhsf snfkf/ vLx?nfO{ o;sf] dlxdf d08g : jtM eOxfN5 . cfh o;sf] ahf/ Ls/ 0f eO;Sof] . t/ df3L kj{ olQdf ;Lldt 5} g . o;sf] cfly{s, / fhgLlts / ;f+: s[lts kf6f] lgs} nfdf] 5 . ev{/ } laTg'ePsf dx] z rf} w/ L o;sf ;jf{lws 1ftf x'g'x'GYof] . 306f} + oL s'/ f ;'gfpg'x'GYof] . czf] s yf? cem} hLljt x'g'x'G5 . pxf“ yf? ;+: s[ltsf ;fu/ h: t} x'g'x'G5 . d rflx+ Pp6f yf? ufp“jf;L kxfl8ofsf gftfn] cfkm"n] ef] u] sf k|ToIf s'/ fsf] ;fIfL dfq x' “ . u' / L u' / L hf“ 8 sf k|] dLx?nfO{ lrQ ga'em\nf– yf?x?sf 3/ 3/ k'u] / ltgLx?sf hf“8sf 3} 6+ f–3} nf ldNsfOlbg] cleofgdf nfu] sf] dfG5] x'“ . oxL u'/ L u'/ L hf“8n] ubf{ bfª b] pv'/ L pkTosf a;fpg] , u'Nhf/ ub} { hUufsf] : jfldTj lng ;kmn yf?x? hUuf ljxLg aGg k'u] . ltgsf] ;Kk} hUuf n'6fpg] klxn] zq' oxL hf“8 xf] . d a: g] ufp“sf ;Kk} yf?x?sf gfddf Ps w'/ hUuf klg lyPg . ltgLx? xfdL hUufwgLsf sdf/ f h: t} lyP . hUufwgLaf6 lnPsf] C0f lt/ ] kl5 dfq pgL csf] { 7fp“ ;g{ ;Sy] . hUufwgLsf sd} of, sDnx/ , Ujfnf, 3;s6\6L k"0f{ lg/ If/ yf?x? gfrufgsf ;f} lvg lyP . df};d / kj{ cg';f/sf g[To, ufog jfbg ;a} x'\Gy] . df3L yf?x?sf] jif{kj{ h: t} xf] . s'nf] , kfgL, af6f] 3f6f] , ufp“ Joj: yf / dxtfjf lgo'Qm ug] { rng lyof] . ;d: of kbf{ k~r enfb\dL a: y] . wfld{s b[li6n] u'/ jf -u'?jf_ / fVg] rng lyof] .

dfG5] sf] n: s/ b] V5'– ljr/ fx? w'nf] , w'jf“, Wjlg / wSsf vf“b} c6] ; d6] ; ub} { d] nf x] 5{g\ . gfrufg, k"hfkf7 / fd|f g/ fd|f ;a} sd{ rN5g\ . w] / } n] / f] u lnP/ kms{G5g\ . ?3f, sf“;f] , Hj/ f] , lz/ bb{ ;d] t cfw'lgs cg] s / f] u dfG5] sf] 3/ 3/ leq ;lhn/ L k: 5g\ . wd{, ;+: s[lt / hftsf] gfddf b'jf{Ro af] Ng] ldl8ofnfO{ k"/ fk"/ 5'6 5“b} 5 . xfdL g] kfnLx?sf] klxnf] d"n ;+: s[lt æ;To+ jbÆ g} xf] . ;f“rf] af] Ng' h: tf] csf] { wd{ 5} g . ;] jf h: tf] dxfg csf] { sd{ 5} g . o;} ;"qsf xfdL ;a} g] kfnL dfnf aGg ;S5f} + .

u gf/fo0fk|;fb zdf{ u'/ jf aGg ;lhnf] lyPg . e"t hufpg' kYof] { . csf] { efiffdf b] ptf r9\g'kYof] {, : o": o" ub} { gfRg'kYof] {, sfDg'kYof] { . o;/ L nfdf] sDkgkl5 u'/ Jff algGYof] . yf?x? sdhf] / x'“b} uP . kl5 dxtfjf lgo'lQm klg hUufwgLs} O;f/ fdf x'g yfn] sf] xf] . o;/ L yf?x?n] ;a} lt/ clwsf/ u'dfPsf x'g\ . yf?x?n] df3L dfg] h: t} kj{t]x?n] klg df3] ;+qmflGt dgfp“5g\ . t/ Tof] wfld{s kj{sf] ?kdf dfq} xf] . ;fgf] 5“bf 3f] / fxL guLr ;] jf/ ufp“df kg] { bxd] nfdf yf?, du/ afx'g ;a} hftsf dfG5] sf] d] nf b] v] sf] 5' . / S;Ln] dft] / laxfgkv sltsf 6fpsf km'6\y] . sltn] l/ ;OjL ;f“Wg] cj;/ kfp“y] . w] / } h;f] wfld{s b[li6n] d] nfdf k'u] / : gfg ;GWof u/ ] / cfkm"nfO{ kljq 7fGy] . Toxf“sf] Pp6f b[Zo eg] lgs} g/ dfOnf] nfUYof] . b] jL b] ptfsf gfddf e] 8f, xf“;, k/ ] jf, s'v'/ f sfl6Gy] . Pp6f Hofgn] csf{sf] wd{sf] gfddf Hofg lng] k/ Dk/f dnfO{ slxNo} 7Ls nfu] g . cfhef] ln klg dflg;x? 6f9f 6f9faf6 klg bxd] nflt/ nsf] { nfu] sf b] lvG5g\ . sltn] alnsf] kz' k | f 0fL 8f] / fPs} x'G5g\ . plxn] sf] bx / clxn] sf] bxdf 7"nf] cGt/ cfO;Sof] . d hfg 5f] 8] sf] w] / } jif{ eO;Sof] . dfG5] sf] n: s/ b]V5'– ljr/fx? w'nf], w'jf“, Wjlg / wSsf vf“b} c6] ; d6] ; ub} { d] nf x] 5{g\ . gfrufg, k"hfkf7 / fd|f g/ fd|f ;a} sd{ rN5g\ . w] / } n] / f] u lnP/ kms{G5g\ . ?3f,

sf“;f] , Hj/ f] , lz/ bb{ ;d] t cfw'lgs cg] s / f] u dfG5] sf] 3/ 3/ leq ;lhn/ L k: 5g\ . gfRg', ufpg', /dfOnf] ug'{ cfgGbdo hLjg g/ fd|f] xf] Og . sfdsf] ef/ Ln] nflbPsf] hLjgnfO{ s] xL lbg cf/ fd lbg' cfw'lgs efiffdf clwsf/ klg xf] . t/ klg o: tf kj{nfO{ z'4, ;kmf, nfebfos, lzIffk|b agfpg'eGbf xflgsf/ s ?k lbg rfxg] ;fª'/ f] unt k|jl[ Q s] u/ L / f] Sg] < o: tf s'/ fdf ;fd"lxs lrGtg dgg ug] { ;fdflhs kl/ kf6L a: g ;s] sf] 5} g . ;a} sfd ;/ sf/ n] ul/ lbG5 eGg] ;+: sf/ a: g uPsf] 5 . dfG5] a9L cfTdd'vL, :jfyL{, u}/lhDd]jf/ aGbf;Dd xfd|f] ;'wf/ ;Dej 5} g h: tf] nfU5 . ;do km] l/ b} uPsf] 5 . c;n afgL–Aoxf] / f, rfnrng l;Sg] , zLn ;bfrf/ sf] hLjg latfpg] , csf{nfO{ b'Mv glbg] , rf] vf] sdfOdf af“Rg] / hLjg zfGt cfgGbdo agfpg] Pj+ dgsf] ;a} d} nf kvfNg] c;n hLjg lhpg l;sfpg] ljBfno bxb] lv k"j{ ;] jf/ vf] nfsf] lsgf/ df ljkZogf Wofg s] Gb| ag] sf] 5 . b' O { jif{ b ] lv b] z ljb] zsf dfG5] cfP/ bzlbg] Pslbg] ;Ddsf lzlj/ df ;xefuL eP/ nfe lnO/ x] sf 5g\ . ckzf] r sltko ;dfhsf] g] t[ T j ug] { cu' j fx?sf] otfk6\6L Wofg} uPsf] 5}g . ;To, clx+;f, s?0ff, zflGt lsg ckr ePsf] xf] nf < cfZro{ nfU5 < xfdLn] ;f+: s[lts ljljwtf eg] /

uj{ ug{ nfu] sf] klg w] / } eO;Sof] . dL7f] efiffdf sltn] ;f+: s[lts ;Dkbfsf] / Iff ug'{k5{ klg eGg] u5f} {+ . t/ ltgsf] / Iff u/ ] / ltgsf] kl/ dfh{g u/ ] / hghLjgdf nfe k'¥ofpg] sfd ug{ ;s] sf 5f} + t < w'nf] , w'jf“, Wjlg / wSsf vfof] , ;Sof] . sltn] st} ;j{ wd{ ;dGjosf] s'/ f ul/ G5 . t/ To: tf] s'g} dfOsfnfn kfOPsf] 5} g hf] o;df k"/ } ;dlk{t eP/ ;dfh ?kfGt/ 0fdf nfUg ;s] sf] xf] ;\ . k/ Dk/ fut z} nLn] dfq} s] xL x'g] jfnf 5}g . o:tf] o'uf}b+ ]lv ef]luPsf] ljifo xf] . ;j{k|yd / fhgLlt ug] {x?n] of] s'/ f cfkm\gf] sfo{qmddf / fVg ;Sg'kYof] { . kqsfl/ tf ug] {x?n] o;df a9L rf;f] lbg'kYof] { . efif0f 7f] Sg] dfq x} g .

To: t} Pglhcf] , cfOPglhcf] x? klg klZrdLs/ 0f dfq} gu/ L xfd|f] ;+: s[ltsf] hgkIfLo rl/ qsf] ljsf; ug] { t km{ nfUg'kYof] { . To: t} a} +s;{x?n] / fli6«o ;+: s[ltsf] lgdf{0fdf ;xof] u u/ ] / bnfn k"“hLkltsf] abgfdaf6 rf] lvg'kYof] { . / ] ld6\ofG;sf] k} ;fn] slt lbg h'ªfdf tfp nufpg ldNnf eg] / ;f] Rg'kYof] { .

Totfkl6\6L sltsf] Wofg uPsf] 5 s'lGg < ;/ sf/ n] gul/ lb+b} l;Gsf] ef“Rg wf} dfGg] ;+: sf/ a;] sf] ;+: s[lt tyf ko{6g dGqfnon] c? ulx/ f] u/ L ;f] Rg'kg] { xf] o;df . d;“u To;sf] n] vfhf] vf 5} g, wd{, ;+: s[lt / hftsf] gfddf b'jf{Ro af] Ng] ldl8ofnfO{ k"/ fk"/ 5'6 5“b} 5 . xfdL g] kfnLx?sf] klxnf] d"n ;+: s[lt æ;To+ jbÆ g} xf] . ;f“rf] af] Ng' h: tf] csf] { wd{ 5} g . ;] jf h: tf] dxfg csf] { sd{ 5} g . o;} ;"qsf xfdL ;a} g] kfnL dfnf aGg ;S5f} + .

Pp6f d' ; f] df/ ] / klg la;f} + efuj08f u/ ] / vfg] yf?x?sf] ;fd"lxs ;f+: s[lts kIf pHjn kfg{ / kj{t] x?sf] km] l/ klg cfpnf ls efO xf] nfn'kft] km" n sf] hf] jgsf] ;+ u Ltdo ufg / t/ fO{lt/ sf] 57kj{sf] ;fd"lxs lrGtg k|0ffnL lqj]0fL ag]/ g]kfnL hLjg k|jflxt xf] ;\ eGg] z'esfdgf JoQm ub} { cfhnfO{ ljbf lng'k"j{ Psk6s csf]{ uLt– ;lv P xf] , 8a/u}of“ r'Oof“ af;tf .

e"sDkkl5sf] k'glg{df{0fdf ljnDa lj;+ !(() df3 @ ut] uPsf] dxfe"sDksf] : d[lt lbj;sf ¿kdf lj;+ @)%$ ;fnb] lv u[x dGqfnosf] cu'jfOdf k|To] s jif{ df3 @ ut] e"sDk lbj; dgfpg] ul/ Psf] 5 . ljleGg u} / ;/ sf/ L ;+: yfn] klg of] sfo{ qmdnfO{ dxTj lbP/ cfof] hgf ug{ ;/ sf/ nfO{ tbf?stfsf ;fy ;xof] u ug] { u/ ] sf 5g\ . sf7df8f} + pkTosfdf cfof] lht pQm sfo{qmddf : s"n k9\g] efOalxgLb] lv ;/ sf/ k|d'v, gLlt lgdf{0fdf ;+nUg pRrkb: y clwsf/ L / ;j{;fwf/ 0fsf] klg ;+nUgtf / xg] u/ ] sf] 5 . b] zsf c¿ efudf klg of] sfo{qmd cfof] hgf t x'G5 t/ ;~rf/ dfWoddf eg] sf7df8f} +s} a9L rrf{ x'g] u/ ] sf] 5 . of] sfo{qmdsf] Pp6f ljlzi6 kIf s] xf] eg] of] lbgn] () jif{cufl8sf] Tof] qf;bLk"0f{ 36gfsf] ofb tfhf agfp“5 .

To: tf 36gfaf6 aRg ug{'kg] { cfwf/ e"t sfdsf af/ ] df rrf{ – kl/ rrf{ x' G 5 . kmn: j¿k e"sDkLo hf] lvd / o;af6 aRg] pkfosf af/ ] df hgr] tgf clej[l4 x'G5 eGg] ul/ Psf] 5 . vf;df of] sfo{qmdsf] k|efj hg: t/ df / gLlt lgdf{0f txdf s] s: tf] kl/ / x] sf] 5 eGg] af/ ] df cfof] hs u[x dGqfnon] s'g} ;j] I{ f0f u/ ] sf] k|sfzdf gcfPsfn] tYok/s ljZn]if0fsf] cefj v8\ ls/ x] sf] 5 . To: t} / fli6«o: t/ sf o: tf sfo{qmddf 5nkmn x'g}kg]{ s]xL cx+ ljifodf s;} n] klg kxn u/ sf] eg] b] lvb} g . !(() ;fnsf] e" s Dksf af/ ] df ljleGg k': tsdf pNn] v ul/ Psf] kfOG5 . pQm e"sDksf] k'glg{df{0fdf cx+ e"ldsf lgjf{x u/ ] sf a|x\dzdz] / cfkm} n] n] v] sf] …g] kfnsf] dxfe"sDkÚ gfds k': ts klg ahf/ df pknAw 5 . pQm k' : tsdf g] kfndf cfpg ;Sg] ;Defljt e"sDk / To;af6 aRg cjnDag ug{ ' k g] { gLltsf af/ ] df : ki6 JofVof ul/ Psf] 5 .

Tof]b]lvafx]s ;j{;fwf/0f hf];'s}n] h'g;'s} a] nf klg k9\g kfpg] u/ L sf7df8f} +sf] e"uf] nkfs{df klg pQm e'O“‘rfnf] sf af/ ] df Pp6f lznfn] v / flvPsf] 5 . of] lznfn] v dfq cWoog ug] { xf] eg] klg xfdLn] e"sDkaf6 aRg ug{'kg] { k|d'v sfdsf af/ ] df : ki6 vfsf agfpg ;lsG5 . !(() ;fnsf] e"sDkaf6 l;lsPsf dxTjk"0f{ kf7dWo] l;d] G6 / O“6fsf] uf/ f] , l;d] G6, lu§L, afn'jf / kmnfdn] ag] sf] , blngn] ag] sf] 3/ -h;nfO{ l/ OGkmf] ;8{ sª\lqm6n] ag] sf] 3/ klg elgG5_ e"sDk k|lt/ f] ws jf bx|f] x'g] t/ of] dxuf] klg x'g] ePsfn] ;j{;fwf/ 0fsf] kx“'reGbf aflx/ 5 . To;} n] xfd| f b" / b/ fhsf ufp“3/ sf xsdf sf7 jf gs{6 -lgufnf] _

af“;n] agfPsf] 3/ klg dha't -e"sDk k|lt/ f] ws_ x'G5 eGg] s'/ f Tof] a] nf g} a'lemPsf] lyof] . t/ e"sDk lbj;df x'g] rrf{ kl/ rrf{df of] af“;n] agfPsf] 3/ sf af/ ] df ;fj{hlgs ¿kdf vf;} 5nkmn x“'b} g . ha ls cg'ejn] dfq xf] Og, lj1fg / k|ljlwsf] s;Ldf hf“r]/ af“;sf] 3/ agfpg] rng ljleGg b] zdf k|rlnt 5 . km] l/ af“; xfd|f] b] zdf k|z: t dfqfdf pTkfbg klg ug{ ;lsG5 . af“;nfO{ lgdf{0f ;fdu|Lsf ¿kdf pTkfbg ubf{ jftfj/ 0fLo k|efj -gsf/ fTds_ k6Ss} kb} {g eg] O“6f, l;d] G6 / kmnfdsf] 8G8L pTkfbg ubf{ jftfj/ 0fdf kg] { gsf/ fTds k|efj w] / } ePsf] ;j{ljlbt} 5 . af“; v] tLnfO{ pBf] usf ¿kdf ljsf; ubf{ : yfgLo: t/ df g} /f] huf/ L l;h{gf x'g], b] zsf] k/ lge{/ tf 36\g] , k'h “ L knfog gx'g] / ;a} eGbf dxTjk"0f{ s'/ f ;lhn} / 5f] 6f] ;dodf cfkm\g} ufp“sf] dfgj ;+;fwg k|of] u u/ ] / e"sDk k|lt/ f] ws, cfsif{s / ;'ljwf;DkGg 3/ b"/ b/ fhsf ufp“‘df agfpg ;lsG5 . of] df} sfnfO{ s;} n] klg ;b'kof] u u/ ] sf] b] lvb} g . c¿sf] t s'/ f g} 5f] 8f} +, ;/ sf/ L ejg agfp“bf klg / } yfg] lgdf{0f ;fdu|LnfO{ k6Ss} jf: tf gu/ ] / cfofltt lgdf{0f ;fdu|L g} k|of] u u/ ] / ejg agfpg] ul/ Psf] 5 . kmn: j¿k xfd|f ufp“3/ sf] df} lnskg u'd] / a: tLx¿ sª\lqm6sf] hËndf kl/ 0ft ePsf 5g\ . of] ljsf;eGbf klg ;f+: s[lts ;Dkbf ljgfzsf] ultnf] pbfx/ 0f xf] . of] lj8Dagfo' Q m kl/ l: yltnfO{ pN6fP/ ;'N6fpg] lt/ e"sDk lbj;df s'/f g} x'b“ } g . lj;+ !(() ;fnkl5 klg g] kfndf ljgfzsf/ L e"sDk uPsf 5g\ . ;fgf e"sDknfO{ 5f] 8] / x] g] { xf] eg] klg lj;+ !(() ;fnkl5 @)#&, @)$% / @)&@ ;fndf ljgfzsf/ L e"sDk uPsf 5g\, h;nfO{ xfdLdWo] w] / } n] b] v] ef] u] sf] jf ;'g] sf 5f} + . tL k|To] s ljgfzsf/ L e"sDkkZrft\ k'glg{df{0f klg ePsf] 5, h;sf af/ ] df k': ts g} k|sflzt 5g\ . tL k': ts cWoog ubf{ s] yfxf x'G5 eg] !(() ;fndf l;s] sf] kf7 @)#& ;fndf k|of] u ul/ Pg, @)#& ;fndf l;s] sf] kf7 @)$% ;fndf k|of] u ul/ Pg .

To;} u/ L @)$% ;fndf l;s] sf] kf7 @)&@ ;fndf k|of] u ul/ Pg . k|To] s k6ssf] k'glg{df{0fnfO{ xfdLn] klxnf] rf] l6 ef] u] sf] cyf{ t \ g] kfndf klxnf] rf] l6 e"sDk cfPsf] h: tf] dfg] / k'glg{df{0f ug] { u/ ] sf 5f} + . hglha|f] sf] af] nLdf af] Ng' kbf{ xfdL …lx+8\b} 5, kfOnf d] 6\b} 5Ú

eGg] pvfgnfO{ rl/ tfy{ ul/ / x] sf 5f} + . of] gLltnfO{ lg/ Gt/ tf lbbf e" s Dk pTyfgzLn -/ ] lhlnoG6_ ;dfhsf] l;h{gf xf] nf t < of] k|ZgnfO{ s] Gb|df / fv] / e"sDk lbj;df 5nkmn rnfPsf] k6Ss} ;'lgb}g . e"sDk lbj; dgfpg yfn] sf lbgb] lv cfh;Dd klg lg/ Gt/ ¿kdf k|foM ;a} n] eGg] u/ ] sf] s'/ f s] xf] eg] g] kfndf s'g} klg a] nf ljgfzsf/ L e"sDk hfg ;Sg] ePsfn] To;af6 x'g] Iflt Go"gLs/ 0fsf nflu xfdLn] k"jt{ of/ L ug{' k5{ . of] 7DofO lj1fg;Ddt ePsfn] ljdlt / fVg'kg] { 7fp“ 5} g . ;/ sf/ sf pRrkb: y clwsf/ L efif0fsnfdf cAan ¿kn] k|: t't x'g] u/ ] sf eP klg cfkm} n] af] n] sf] s'/ fsf] sfof{Gjog eg] k6Ss} ub}g{ g\ . To;f] gx“b' f] xf] t ut sflt{s !& ut] / flt hfh/ sf] 6 lhNnfsf] / fdL8f“8fdf s] Gb|laGb' agfP/ uPsf] ^=$ DoflUgRo'8sf] e"sDksf] Iflt w] / } g} sd x'g'kg] { lyof] . clxn] ;Dddf kLl8tsf] c: yfoL lgjf;df ;'/ lIft a;f] af; eO;s] sf] x'g'kg] { lyof] . b'ef{Uo g} eGg'k5{, Toxf“ cem} dfgj hLjg nodf kmls{Ps} 5} g . cyf{t\ k"j{tof/ L ug{' k5{ eGg] 1fg ePsf ;/ sf/ ;~rfns / k|zf;g k|d'vn] ;f] xL cg'¿ksf] sfd lsg ug{ g;s] sf xf] nfg\ t < of] k|Zg klg e"sDk lbj;df cg'Ql/ t g} / xg] u/ ] sf] 5 . gLlt lgdf{0f txdf sfd ug] { pRr kbflwsf/ Lsf] csf] { klg Pp6f ;femf cjwf/ 0ff sfod / x] sf] a'lemG5 . efjL ljgfzsf/ L e"sDksf] k" j { t of/ Lsf af/ ] df af] Ng] t/ Tof] dxfe"sDkkZrft\ ug{'kg] { k'glg{df{0fsf] k" j { t of/ Lsf af/ ] df k6Ss} gaf] Ng] , 5nkmn g} grnfpg] . To;f] x'“b} gYof] eg] clxn] ;Dddf hfh/ sf] 6 e"sDksf] k'glg{df{0fsf] vfsf tof/ eO;s] sf] x'g] lyof] . clxn] ;Dd klg : yfgLo lgsfo / k|b] z ;/ sf/ k'glg{df{0f s;/ L ug] { cyf{t\ s'g lgsfodfkm{t ug] { / : yfgLo, k|b] z / ;‹Lo ;/ sf/ sf aLrdf sfd af“8kmf“8sf] df] 8fln6L s] x'g] eg] / ;‹Lo ;/ sf/ lt/ cf“vf nufP/ a;] sf] a'lemG5 . of] k|;Ë e"sDk lbj;df 5nkmndf cfpnf jf gcfpnf eGg ;lsg] l: ylt 5} g . ;‹Lo ;/ sf/ n] oyf;Dej rf“8f] lg0f{odf k'Ug' g} k5{ . Tof] lg0f{o s] s: tf] xf] nf t eGg] k|Zg w] / } lbgb] lv cg'Ql/ t 5 . x'g t …ljkt\ hf] lvd Go"gLs/ 0f tyf Joj: yfkg P] g–@)&$Ú cg';f/ s'g} klg ljkTkZrft\ ul/ g] …ljkt\ k'gnf{eÚ cyf{t\ k'glg{df{0f Pj+ k'g: yf{kgf sfo{sf] lhDdf o;} P] g cg'¿k u7g ePsf] ljkt\ hf] lvd Go"gLs/ 0f tyf Joj: yfkg k|flws/ 0fnfO{

u k|f8f tf/ flglw e§/ fO{ lbOPsf] 5 . of] ;+: yf u[x dGqfno dftxt 5 . k|x/ L k|zf;g u[x dGqfnosf] dftxtdf / xg] x'gfn] p4f/ / / fxtsf] sfddf of] ;+: yfn] k|z+;gLo sfd u/ ] sf] 5 . 7'nf ljkTkZrftsf] …ljkt\ k'gnf{eÚ sf nflu ul/ g] sfdn] ;a} dGqfnosf sfo{If] qnfO{ ;d] 6\g] x'gfn] cGt/ dGqfno ;dGjosf/ L e"ldsf v] Ng k|flws/ 0fnfO{ lgs} nfdf] ;do nfUg] u/ ] sf] tYo klg xfdLlar l5k] sf] 5} g . ljkt\df sfd ug] { ;+: yfn] sfuhL k|lqmof ldnfpgdf g} 7'nf] ;do vlr{gk' ¥of] eg] kLl8tsf] kL8f emg\ a9]/ hfG5 / ljkt\ Joj:yfkg x'b“ }g . ;fob o;} s'/fnfO{ dgg u/ ] / xf] nf, …sf] le8–!(Ú sf] Joj: yfkg ug{ of] ;+: yfnfO{ glbP/ ;/ sf/ n] cs} { ;+oGq u7g u/ ] sf] lyof] -: d/ 0f / xf] ;\ P] g cg';f/ of] sfd k|flws/ 0fsf] sfo{ If] qdf g} k5{_ . clxn] lj1b] lv / fhg] tfx¿n] eGg] u/ ] sf] ;Defljt dxfe"sDkn] kfg] { qf;bL …sf] le8–!(Ú sf] eGbf sd x'g] cf“sng ug{ ;lsb} g . lsgeg] sf] le8–!( n] : jf: Yo sdhf] / ePsfnfO{ dfq c;/ uYof] { eg] dxfe"sDkn] t s;} nfO{ klg af“sL / fVb} g . hfh/ sf] 6 e"sDkn] xfd|f ufp“3/ sf lghL, ;/ sf/ L / ljBfno ejg dWod vfnsf e"sDknfO{ g} gy] Ug] 5g\ eg] / k'li6 ul/ ;s] sf] s'/ f klg xf] .

To: t} @)&@ ;fnsf] e"sDkn] klg ejg elTsP/ dfq xf] Og, klx/ f] sf] laulauLn] klg xfd|f ufp“a: tL qflxdfd kfg{ ;S5 eg] / xfdLnfO{ l;sfPsf] g} xf] . t;y{ h'g ;Defljt e"sDksf] s'/ f lj1x¿n] ub} 5 { g\, Tof] @)&@ ;fnsf] -&=* DoflUgRo'8_ eGbf 7"nf] -* DoflUgRo'8 jf ;f] eGbf 7"nf] _ x'g] 5 / To;sf] k|efj klg ;f] xL cg'¿ksf] qf;bLk"0f{ x'g] 5 . of] s'/ fnfO{ xfdL : jLsf5f} {+ eg] Tof] ;Defljt e"sDkkl5sf] k'glg{df{0f klg xfdLn] ug{k' 5{ eg] / clxn] g} lsg g: jLsfg] { < Tof] k'glg{df{0fsf nflu clxn] b] lv g} tof/ x'g] ls ljkt\ cfPkl5 dfq ;f] Rg] < dfly elgP h: t} …lx8\b} 5 kfOnf d] 6\b} 5Ú sf] pvfgnfO{ g} km] l/ klg rl/ tfy{ agfpg] ls @)&@ ;fnsf] e"sDkkZrftsf] k'glg{df{0faf6 kf7 l;s] / hfh/ sf] 6 k'glg{df{0f klg ug] { / ToxL ;+: yfnfO{ efjL e"sDksf] -/ c¿ ljktsf] klg_ k'glg{df{0fsf nflu tof/ / fVg] < of] cx+ k|Zgsf] hjfkm vf] Hg ca klg l9nf] ug] { xf] eg] efjL k': tfn] xfdLnfO{ dfkmL ug] { 5} g .

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@)*) ;fn df3 $ ut] laxLjf/ (Jan. 18, 2024)

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o'uaf] w ;dfrf/ bftf ;Nofg, # df3 . e"ldxLg blnt, ;' s ' D af;L, e" l dxLg ;' s ' D af;L tyf cJojl: yt a;f] af;LnfO{ hUuf wgL k"hf{ ljt/ 0fsf nflu ;Nofgsf] sfnLdf6L ufp“kflnsfdf hUuf gfkhf“r z'? ePsf] 5 . e"ldxLg blnt / ;'sD' af;LnfO{ hUuf pknAw u/fpg] / cJojl:yt a;f]af;nfO{ Joj:yfkg ug]{ k|of]hgsf nflu sfnLdf6L ufp“kflnsfn] a'waf/ b] lv j8f g+= @ sf] lr;ft/ faf6 hUuf gfkhf“ r sfo{ s f] z'?jft u/]sf] xf] . ufp“kflnsfsf] e"ldxLg blnt ;'s'Daf;L, e"ldxLg ;'s'Daf;L tyf cJojl: yt a;f] af;L : yfgLo ;] jf s] Gb| / fdk'/ sf] cfof] hgfdf ePsf] e] nfdf sfnLdf6L ufp“kflnsfsf cWoIf bfgaxfb'/ s] ;Ln] hUufsf] gfk gS;f pb\3f6g ug'{eof] . / fli6«o e"ld cfof] u ;Nofgsf cWoIf jL/ axfb'/ ;] hjfn, gfkL sfof{no ;Nofgsf k|d'v uf] ljGb pkfWofonufot : yfgLo hgk| l tlglw, e" l dxLg tyf cJojl: yt a;f] af;Lx?sf] pkl: yltdf hUufsf] gfk gS;f sfo{ z'? ePsf] sfnLdf6Lsf k|d'v k|zf;sLo clws[t s[i0fk|;fb kf} 8\ofnn] hfgsf/ L lbg'eof] .

hUuf gfkhf“rsf nflu ;DalGwt JolQmsf] gful/ stf, pknAw cGo k|df0f / lgj]bg btf{sf] lg:;f;lxt pkl:yt eO{ cfkm"n] ef] u u/ ] sf] hUufsf] ;f“‘w l;dfgf b] vfO{ gfkL u/ fpg j8fjf;LnfO{ cfu|x ul/ Psf] 5 . cfufdL r} t dlxgf;Dddf klxnf] r/ 0fsf] hUufwgL k"hf{ ljt/ 0f ug] { nIo;lxt / fli6«o e'ld cfof] u;“usf] ;dGjodf ;Demf} tf cg';f/ sfd cufl8

a9fOPsf] ufp“kflnsfsf cWoIf bfgaxfb'/ s] ;Ln] hfgsf/ L lbg'eof] . pxF“cg';f/ ufp“kflnsfdf b'O{ xhf/ ;ft ;o !& hgf e"ldxLg tyf cJojl: yt a;f] af;Ln] lgj] bg lbPsf 5g\ . klxnf] r/ 0fdf sfnLdf6L–@ df rf/ ;o $! hgfsf] hUuf gfkhf“r x'“b} 5 . o;kl5 qmdzM j8f g+= #, $, %, !, ^ / & df gfk gS;fsf] sfo{ ul/ g] cWoIf s] ;Ln] hfgsf/ L lbg'eof] .

yf? ;+:s[lt tyf vfgf k|bz{gL hgHof]lt ljBf dlGb/ k|yd o'uaf] w ;dfrf/ bftf t'n;Lk'/ , # df3 . df3] ;+qmflGt tyf yf? ;d'bfosf] dxfg kj{ df3Lsf] cj;/ kf/ ] / t'n;Lk'/ df yf? ;+: s[lt tyf vfgf k|bz{gL–@)*) ;~rfng ul/ g] ePsf] 5 . k|bz{gLdf yf? ;+: s[ltsf vfgfsf kl/ sf/ , k/ Dk/ fut cEof;, snf, lzNk, ;+uLt, g[Tonufotsf ljljw kIfx?sf] k|bz{gL ul/ g] d"n cfof] hs ;ldltsf ;+of] hs eflu/ fd rf} w/ Ln] a' w af/ cfof] lht kqsf/ ;Dd] ngdf hfgsf/ L lbg'eof] . pxf“n] eGg'eof] – … k| b z{ g Ln] yf? ;d' b fosf] clåtLo ;f+: s[lts ;+/ If0fsf ;fy} yf? vfgf pTkfbs, lzNksf/ x? tyf pBdLx?nfO{

pgLx?sf pTkfbg laqmLsf nflu cfwf/ ynf] k|bfg ug] { / To;af6 : yfgLo cfly{ s ljsf; / lbuf] hLljsf]kfh{gnfO{ ;dy{g ug] {5 .Ú yf? Psn tyf ;d" x ut g[ T o k| l tof] lutf, yf? vfgfsf] k| b z{ g L tyf pBdLx?n] pTkfbg u/ ] sf ;fdu|Lx?sf] k|bz{gLnufotsf d'Vo lqmofsnfk x'g] k|bz{gL sfo{qmdnfO{ t'n;Lk'/ pkdxfgu/ kflnsf, b+uLz/ 0f, zflGtgu/ tyf aaO{ ufp“kflnsf / cGo ;+3;+: yf, lghL If] q, gful/ s ;dfhnufotn] k|j4{gsf nflu rf;f] b] vfPsf] ;+of] hs rf} w/ Ln] hfgsf/ L lbg' e of] . k| b z{ g L df3 ^ ut] t'n;Lk'/ –!@ l: yt d] 6«f] sn] hsf] k|f+u0fdf ul/ g] 5 .

ndxLdf lqkmnf cfo'j{]b d]l8sn ;~rfng b] pv'/ L, # df3 -o';_– ndxLdf lqkmnf cfo'j]{b d]l8sn ;~rfngdf cfPsf] 5 . lkl;cf] / f] 8df ;~rfngdf cfPsf] d] l8snsf] a' w af/ k" j { ; f+ ; b / ] jtL/ d0f zdf{n] pb\3f6g ug'{eof] . k|d'v cltly zdf{n] cfo'j{] bsf] pkrf/ k4ltnfO{ cem} hgdfg;df k'¥ofpg h?/ L / x] sf] / lg/ f] lutfsf] nflu cfo' j { ] b pkrf/ k4lt pko' Q m / x] sf] atfpg'eof] . …cfo'j{] b xfd|f k" j { h x?sf] vf] h cg' ; Gwfgdf tof/ ePsf] k4lt / pkrf/ ljlw

xf] . o;nfO{ cem} hgdfg;df k'¥ofpg h?/ L 5Ú– pxf“n] eGg'eof] – …cfo"j{] b pkrf/ df gful/ s kx'“r a9fpg ;/ sf/ n] Wofg lbg'k5{ . cf} ifwfnox? w] / } v'Ng'k5{ .Ú ndxL gu/ kflnsf j8f g+= ^ lgjf;L 8f= xl/ k|;fb kGyLn] d] l8sn ;~rfngdf Nofpg'ePsf] xf] . d] l8sn pb\3f6g sfo{qmddf b] pv'/ L pBf] u jfl0fHo ;+3sf cWoIf sdnh+u l;+x 7s'/ L, ndxL gu/kflnsf j8f g+= % sf lgjt{dfg j8fWoIf jLdaxfb'/ s] ;L, cf} iflw

o'uaf] w ;dfrf/ bftf b] pv' / L, # df3 . Go" xf] / fOhg k|b] z: t/ Lo xflh/ L hjfkm k|ltof]lutf @)*) ndxL s] Gb|sf] k|lt: kwf{df hgHof] lt ljBf dlGb/ 3f] / fxLn] hLt lgsfn] sf] 5 . @) ljBfnosf] ;xeflutfdf ePsf] k| l t: kwf{ d f cGo ljBfnonfO{ pl5Gb} hgHof] lt ljBf dlGb/ 3f] / fxL klxnf] ePsf] xf] . k|ltof] lutfdf d] rLsfnL ;] s] G8/ L af] l8{ª : s"n låtLo, uf] / vf OG6/ g] zgn klAns : s"n 3f] / fxL t[tLo ePsf] 5 . k|yd x'g] ljBfnon] gf} xhf/ , låtLo x'g] ljBfnon] 5 xhf/ / t[tLo x'g] ljBfnon] rf/ xhf/ kf“r ;o gub, lzN8, k|df0fkq k|fKt u/ ] sf 5g\ . klxnf] / bf] ;|f] x'g] ljBfnon] oxL df3 @^ ut] x'g] kmfOgn k|lt: kwf{df efu lng kfpg] 5g\ . kmfOgn k|lt: kwf{ cfof] hs ljBfno Go" xf] / fOhg

a'6jndf x'g] 5 . ljBfnosf pkk| f rfo{ jf;' b ] j cof{ n sf] cWoIftf tyf ndxL gu/ kflnsfsf k|d'v hf] u/ fh rf} w/ Lsf] k|d'v cfltYotfdf ePsf] pb\3f6g sfo{qmdnfO{ ;Djf] wg ub{} gu/ k|d'v rf} w/ Ln] ljBfyL{x?sf] Ifdtf dfkgsf ;fy} pgLx?df gof“ k|sf/ sf] l;sfO clej[l4 ug{ k|ltof] lutf pkof] uL ePsf] atfpg' e of] . ljBfnosf pkk| f rfo{ jf;' b ] j cof{ n n] ljBfyL{x?sf] aLrdf l;sfO x: tfGt/ 0fsf ;fy} pgLx?sf] aLrdf ;xsfo{sf] jftfj/ 0f lgdf{0f ug{ klg k|ltof] lutfn] d2t k' U g] ljZjf; JoQm ug{' eof] . sfo{qmddf ndxL gu/ kflnsfsf pkk|d'v nIdL of] uL, lzIff zfvf k|d'v ejfgL lu/ Lnufotsf] ;xeflutf lyof] . sfo{qmdsf] ;xhLs/ 0f ndxL s] Gb| sf k| d ' v k| sfz vgfnn] ug{'ePsf] lyof] .

Joj;foL ;+3 bfªsf cWoIf ljlk kf} 8] n, ;dfh;] jL jL/ axfb' / s] ;L, u+uf/ fd e6\6/ fO{, yfg] Zj/ u} / ] nufotn] z' e sfdgf JoQm ug'{eof] . d] l8sn pb\3f6gsf] cj;/ df lgMz'Ns : jf: Yo k/ LIf0f

;d] t ul/ Psf] 5 . 8f=dgf] h clwsf/ L, 8f=xl/ k|;fb kGyL, 8f= k|1f lwtfnn] lgMz'Ns : jf: Yo k/ LIf0f ug{ ' e Psf] lyof] . Ps ;ohgf la/ fdLsf] hf“r / cf} iflw ljt/ 0f ul/ Psf] lyof] .

Email: b9847831849@gmail.com

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cfhsf] /fzLkmn nIdLwf/f Hof]ltif s]Gb| Hof]= k+= 8f= e'jg]Zj/ a~hf8] ;b:o– g]kfn Hof]ltif kl/ifb\ df]afOn M (*$&*$!@%! ef/t )(!–(!@%&^^&)&

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t'n;Lk'/ , # df3 . dfgj ;] jf cf>d lgdf{0ffy{ df3 !# b] lv @) ut] ;Dd ;~rfng x'g nfu] sf] ;Ktfx 1fg lj1fg dxfo1 Aojl:yt / ;kmn agfpg] hgk| l tlglwx?n] k| l ta4tf hgfPsf 5g\ . a'waf/ dfgj ;] jf cf>d t'n;Lk'/df a;]sf] a}7sdf pgLx?n] o: tf] k|lta4tf hgfPsf x'g\ . >Ldb\ efujt 1fg lj1fg dxfo1 d"n ;df/ f] x ;ldltsf ;+of] hs l8NnLaxfb'/ a: g] tsf] cWoIftf Pj+ t'n;Lk'/ pkdxfgu/kflnsfsf k| d ' v 6Lsf/ fd v8\ s fsf] k| d ' v cfltYotfdf a;] sf] a} 7sdf ;xefuL t' n ;Lk' / pkdxfgu/ kflnsf j8fWoIfx?n] t'n;Lk'/ pkdxfgu/ kflnsf j8f g+ = $ xnjf/ sflnsf dflnsf dlGb/ sf] hldgdf lgdf{0f ug{ nfluPsf] dfgj ;] jf cf>ddf j8fsf] tkm{af6 ;xof] u ul/ g] k|lta4tf hgfPsf x'g\ . j8f g+ = $ sf cWoIf t'n;L yfkfn] dfgj ;] jf cf>d lgdf{0fdf ;xof] u ug] { k|lta4tf hgfpg'eof] . o: t} j8f g+= % sf jL/ ] Gb| zfx, j8f g+= ^ sf cWoIf b'hdfg e08f/ L, j8f g+= & sf cWoIf / fdaxfb'/ lh;L, j8f g+=

( sf cWoIf 3gZofd 9sfn, j8f g+= !@ sf ;b: o z] ifdl0f e08f/ L, j8f g+= !% z+s/ v8\sf, j8f g+= !^ sf lzjfgGb 8f“uL, j8f g+= !& sf k|ltlglwn] dfgj ;] jf cf>dsf nflu cfjZos kg{] cfly{s ;xof] u ug{] k|lta4tf hgfpg'ePsf] lyof] . gu/k|dv ' 6Lsf/fd v8sfn] dxfo1 ;kmn agfpg ;a} nfO{ cfx\jfg ug{e' of] . cfly{s ;xof] u dfq xf] Og df3 !# ut] sf] zf] ef ofqfdf 6f] n ljsf; ;+: yfx?nfO{ ;d] t ;xefuL u/ fpg cfu|x ub} { Ps nfv &( xhf/ hg;+Vof /x]sf] t'n;Lk'/ pkdxfgu/ kflnsfdf Ps 3/ af6 Ps ;o ?k} of“ cfly{s ;xof] u slDtdf ug{ ;s] klg w] / } d2t k'Ug] atfpg'eof] . dxfo1 ;~rfngsf nflu k|d'v jfrssf] ?kdf kf] v/ f lgjf;L efujt ef: s/ u'? sdngog uf} td / xg'x'g] cf>dsf s] Gb|Lo dxf;lrj ;' z Lnf s] ;Ln] hfgsf/ L lbg'eof] . dxfo1af6 sl/ j % s/ f] 8 a9L cfly{s ;+sng x'g] ck] Iff ul/ Psf] ;ldltsf ;b: o ;lrj a' 4 k| s fz l;+ x n] hfgsf/ L lbg'eof] . dxfo1nfO{ eAo?kdf ;DkGg ug{ d"n ;df/ f] x ;ldltn] e] 63f6, 5nkmn, cGt/ lqmof ub{} cfPsf] 5 .

u9jf, # df3 -o' ; _– zf/ Ll/ s Aofofd, k| f 0ffofd / of] u dfgj : jf: Yosf nflu ckl/ xfo{ ePsf] u9jf ufp“ k flnsfsf cWoIf odgf/ fo0f zdf{ kf] v| ] nn] atfpg'ePsf] 5 . u9jf ufp“ ‘ k flnsf / ktGhln of] u ;ldlt u9jfn] ;f] djf/ u9jfdf cfof] hgf u/ ] sf] gjf+} / fli6«o of] u lbj;– @)*) nfO{ ;Daf] wg ub{} cWoIf kf] v|] nn] o: tf] atfpg'ePsf] xf] . u9jf ufp“kflnsfn] gLlt– sfo{qmd / : yfgLo kf7\oqmdd} of] u lzIffsf] cjwf/ 0ff cufl8 ;f/ ] sf] / ;a} j8fx?df ;fwgf s]Gb|;d]t cfjZos /x]sf] pxf“n] atfpg'eof] . sfo{qmddf af] Nb} u9jf–% sf cWoIf n] vaxfb'/ yfkfn] of] un] dfgj z/ L/ df

: km"lt{ a9fpg] / ODo'lg6L kfj/ j[l4 ug{] atfpg'eof] . pxf“n] ;fwgf s] Gb| ;~rfng ug{ cfkm\gf] j8fdf klg kxn ug{] atfpg'eof] . sfo{qmddf af] Nb} j8f g+= ^ sf cWoIf jL/ axfb'/ cfn] du/ n] of] unfO{ lg/ Gt/ tf lbg ;fwgf s] Gb|sf nflu hUuf Aoj: yfkg ug{] k|lta4\tf ;d] t AoQm ug{'eof] . kt~hln of] u ;ldlt u9jfsf cWoIf / fdg/ ] z ofbjn] : yfgLo ;/ sf/ sf] ;fem] bf/ Ldf sfo{qmd ul/ Psf] pNn] v ub} { of] u, Aofofd / k|f0ffofdn] z/ L/ nfO{ : j: Yo /fVg] atfpg'eof] . lzIfs /fwf uf}tdsf] :jfut dGtAoaf6 z'? ePsf] sfo{qmdsf] ;Grfng kqsf/ lzj/ fh kGyLn] ug{'ePsf] lyof] .

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;ft s/ f] 8 #( nfv *# xhf/ rf/ ;o *( ?k} of“ dfq vr{ ePsf] 5 . e" tyf hnfwf/ Joj: yfkg sfof{nosf] kf“r s/ f] 8 !* nfv k"“hLut ah] 6df Ps s/ f] 8 &! nfv *) xhf/ b'O{ ;o *^ ?k} of“ &@ k} ;f dfq vr{ ePsf] sf] if tyf n] vf lgoGqs sfof{non] hfgsf/ L lbPsf] 5 .

u/ ] sf] 5 . #( s/ f] 8 @) nfv %$ xhf/ ?k} of“ k"“hLut ah] 6 / x] sf] vfg] kfgL tyf ;/ ;kmfO l8lehg sfof{non] cf7 s/ f] 8 %# nfv &% xhf/ gf} ;o #& ?k} of“ dfq} vr{ u/ ] sf] 5 . hn;|f] t tyf l;+rfO{ ljsf; l8lehg sfof{nosf] $) s/ f] 8 $& nfv k"“hLut ah] 6df

;l6{lkms]6 x/fPsf] ;"rgf † u'? hh'/ df=lj= t'n;Lk'/ p=d=g=kf= $ / Iffrf} / bfªdf sIff !@ df cWoog u/ L NEB n] k|bfg u/ ] sf] z} lIfs ;l6{lkms] 6, 6«fG;lqmK6, dfOu|] ;g, k|f] lehgn nufot sIff !) sf] ;l6{lkms] 6, gful/ stf / ;Dk"0f{ z} lIfs ;l6{lkms] 6 oxL ldlt @)*) d+l;/ !$ ut] ;Nofg vn+ufb] lv t'n;Lk'/ tkm{ cfpFb} ubf{ x/ fPsf] x'Fbf km] nf kfg'{x'g] dxfg'efjn] glhssf] k|x/ L sfof{no jf lgDg 7] ufgfdf ;Dks{ ul/ lbg'xf] nf . gfd M zf/bf s]=;L= l;Daf]n g+= M @%^)$^*!

7]ufgf M 5q]Zj/L–$, ;Nofg /lhi6«];g g+= M &(%%^)@#)@%# ;Dks{ g+= M (&$%^$$#((, (*!)*!&&((

;"rgf k|sflzt ldlt M @)*).!).)#

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lkpg] / 3/ lgdf{0fsf nflu 7"nf] 6\of+s/ ePsf], #)) lkm6 ulx/fOaf6 af]l/ª ul/Psf] z'4 lkpg] kfgL pknAw 5 .

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xfdLsxfF ljjfx, kf6L{, uf]i7Lsf] nflu k~r]] afhfsf] Joj:yf 5 . ;fy} l;nfO{ ;DaGwL ;Dk"0f{ sfd ul/G5 .

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;xsf/L a}s + / ;fem]bf/LaLr glhssf] ;DaGw / x] sf] / fli6«o ;xsf/ L a+} ssf zfvf k|d'v l8NnL/ fh bfxfnsf] egfO lyof] . …s] xL ;do ;+: yfs} ejgdf ;xsf/ L a+ } ssf] sfof{no ;~rfng u/]sf lyof}Ú+ – pxf“ n ] eGg' e of] – …;xsf/ L a+} s : yfkgfdf o;sf] 7"nf] xft 5 .Ú o;} u/ L : yfkgfsfnb] lv g} lgoldt ;xof] u u/ ] sf] eGb} ;] jf 3/ gf/ fo0fk'/ sf OGrfh{ ;'l: dtf >] i7n] ;fem] bf/ Lsf] k|z+;f ug'{eof] . …cnkq / x] sf dflg;nfO{ ;xof] u ug'{ePsf]

dxfo1 ;kmn kfg]{ hgk|ltlglwsf] k|lta4tf dfgj :jf:Yosf nflu of]u ckl/xfo{ M kf]v|]n

d]/f] >]i7 c6f] df]afOn -ofdfxf zf] ?d_ 3f]/fxL bfªsf] gfddf /x]sf] lgDg Joxf]/fsf] :s'6Lsf] An'a's ldlt @)*) k'; % ut]sf lbg 3/af6 3f]/fxLtkm{ hf“Fb} ubf{ x/fPsf] x'“Fbf km]nf kfg'{x'g] dxfg'efjn] glhssf] k|x/L sfof{no jf lgDg 7]ufgfdf ;Dks{ ul/lbg'xf]nf . gfd M u0f]z u'?ª :s'6L g+= M /f= $ k= @(!# 7]ufgf M 3f]/fxL–!# a8x/f, bfª ;Dks{ g+= M (*^*^$)&&#

@)*).!).$ ut] laxLjf/ ltlyM kf}if z'Sn ci6dL, gIf]q M /]jtL

;Dks{ M (*!)((*$^*, (*@@*^*(*@

3f] / fxL pkdxfgu/ kflnsf ;xsf/ L / f] huf/ k| j 4{ g zfvf k| d ' v k| ] d s] ;Ln] pkdxfgu/ leqsf b'O{÷tLgj6f pTs[i6 ;xsf/ LdWo] df k/ ] sf] atfpg'eof] . …3f] / fxLdf art ;xsf/ L ^$ j6f 5g\Ú– zfvf k|dv ' s] ;Ln] eGg'eof] – …of] ;lxt tLgj6fn] dfq} !* k|ltzt nfef+z af“8] sf 5g\ .Ú pxf“sf cg';f/ ;fdflhs pQ/ bfloTjdf ah] 6 5'6\ofpg] sfg'gL Joj: yf 5 . w] / } n] ;xsf/ L l;4fGt kfngf u/ ] sf 5} gg\ . sltko ;xsf/ L art lkmtf{ klg ug{ ;s] sf 5} gg\ .

An'a's x/fPsf] ;"rgf †

lk;fj k/LIf0f u/L nfu'cf}ifw ;]jg u/]sf] kQf nufpg] t/Lsf cfof] olb tkfOFsf] dfG5] jf ljBfyL{x? b'AnfpFb} uPsf] 5, k9fO{df sdhf]/ x'Fb}5, cgfjZos k};f dfUg] / vr{ u5{, cfkmGtx?;Fu 6f9f x'g vf]H5, ;fFem l9nf] ;'Tg] / laxfg l9nf] p7\5 / ;du| Jojxf/ kl/jt{g x'Fb} uPsf] 5 eg] nfu'cf}ifwsf] ;d:ofdf k/]sf] x'g ;S5 . pQm JolQmsf] z/L/df nfu'cf}ifw ePsf] hfFr ug]{ ;fdu|Lsf] ;xof]u lnO{ 3/ jf ljBfnodf cfkm} lk;fj hfFr u/L kQf nufpg'xf];\ / nfu'cf}ifwsf] bnbnn] x'g] ljs/fn Ifltaf6 aRg'xf];\ / arfpg'xf];\ . a;Gt k'g M k|b]z ;+of]hs– n'lDagL k|b]z lk;fa k/LIf0f nfu'cf}ifw b'Jo{;g /f]syfd cleofg g]kfn ;Dks{ JolQm (*$&*#!*$(, (*)(*^))&&

3f] / fxL, # df3 . ;fem] bf/ L art tyf C0f ;xsf/ L ;+: yf 3f] / fxL–!% n] dfgj ;] jf cf>d -;] jf3/ _ gf/ fo0fk'/ nfO{ tLgj6f knª ;xof] u u/ ] sf] 5 . ;+: yfsf] @@ cf} + : yfkgf lbj;sf] cj;/ df a' w af/ 3f] / fxLdf ;b: o ;Ddfg tyf ;] jf3/ nfO{ ;xof] u sfo{qmd ul/ Psf] lyof] . ;xsf/ L ;+ : yfsf cWoIf df] tLnfn s] ;Lsf] cWoIftfdf ePsf] sfo{ q mddf ;fdflhs pQ/ bfloTjdf ah] 6 vr{ u/ ] sf] eGb} jQmfx?n] ;xsf/ Lsf] k|z;+ f u/ ] . sfo{qmdsf k|d'v cltly 3f] / fxL– !% sf cWoIf / d] zs'df/ kf08] n] ;fem] bf/ Ln] ;d' b fodf / fd| f ] klxrfg agfPsf] jtfpg'eof] . …;fem] bf/ Lsf] af/ ] df aflx/ klg / fd|f] ;'lgG5Ú– z'esfdgf JoQm ub} { cWoIf kf08] n] eGg'eof] – …cem} lbuf] ljsf; ub} { cl3 a9f] ;\ .Ú ;b: o s] lGb|t eP/ rn] sf] ;xsf/ L ;+ : yf eGb}

5Ú– ;xof] u a' e m\ b } >] i7n] eGg'eof] – …;] jf 3/ df z'?b] lv g} s] xL g s] xL ;xof] u ug'{ePsf] 5 .Ú pxf“sf cg';f/ ;+: yfsf cWoIf s] ;Ln] JolQmut?kdf klg ;] jf3/ nfO{ k6s–k6s ;xof] u ug'{ePsf] 5 . ;xsf/ L ;+: yfn] klg o; k6s knª, cl3Nnf] jif{ l;/ s 8: gf lbof] . ;] jf 3/ : yfkgfsfnb] lv g} x/ ] s jif{ s] xL g s] xL ;xof] u u/ ] sf] 5 . ;Ddflgt x'g] x?sf tkm{af6 af;'b] j clwsf/ Ln] ;DdfgnfO{ lg/ Gttfsf] z' e sfdgf JoQm ug'{ePsf] lyof] .

To; cj;/ df c;n artstf{ jf;'b] j clwsf/ L / bLks s] ;LnfO{ ;Ddfg ul/ Psf] lyof] . o;} u/ L c;n C0fL ljhGtL / f] sf / / f] lag rf} w/ LnfO{ klg ;Ddfg ul/ Psf] lyof] . ;xsf/L ;+:yfsf pTs[i6 sd{rf/L cfzf/ fd rf} w/ LnfO{ klg ;Ddfg ul/ Psf] lyof] . ;+: yfsf pkfWoIf lgZrn cfrfo{ s f] : jfut dGtJoaf6 z'? ePsf] sfo{qmdsf] ;~rfng ;lrj / d] z uf} tdn] ug'{ePsf] lyof] .

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w]/} vr{ x'g] lbg /x]sf] 5 . 6f9f /x]sf cfkm\gf;“u ;Dks{ x'g ;Sg]5 .

k|]d, ldqtf / dgf]/~hgdf a[l4 x'g]5 .

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sfo{ ;kmntf, cfly{s nfe Pj+ ljut sfo{sf] plrt k|ltkmn h'g]{5 .

af}l4s lj:tf/ Pj+ k|ltli7t sfo{ cj;/sf] lbg 5 .

sd{ / sd{kmnsf] k|flKtdf ;kmn lbg /xg ;Sg]5 .

nIdL k|flKt cyf{t 3/df nIdL cfudgsf] lbg /xg ;Sg]5 .

ss{6 -xL,x",x] ,xf] ,8f,8L,8",8] ,8f] _M

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wd{, sd{, ;]jf Pj+ ;fdflhs sfo{df cu|tf /xg ;Sg]5 . k|ltlIft glthf / :jf:Yodf sdL /xg ;Sg]5 .

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• aLdfn]vsf] zt{ tyf ;'ljwf adf]lhd lglZrt ;do kZrft k|fKt x'g] cjlw e'QmfgL ®sd jf cGo s'g} klg bfjL ®sd e'QmfgL lngsf] nflu sDkgLdf ;Dks{ ug'{xf]; .

• aLdfn]v gljs®0f ;dod} gu®]df aLdfn]v Joltt eO{ aLdfz'Nsdf ljnDa z'Ns ;d]t nfUg] tyf aLdf ®Iffj®0f gx'g] x'Fbf cfˆgf] aLdfn]vsf] gljs®0f ldltx¿ olsg ul® lgwf{l®t ;dodf gljs®0f aLdfz'Ns e'QmfgL ug'{xf]; . aLdfn]vsf] gljs®0f ®sd cgnfOg dfkm{t jf glhssf] zfvf sfo{fnodf uO{ e'QmfgL ug{ ;Sg'x'g]5 .

• ?= !)),)))÷– eGbf al9 ®sdsf] aLdfz'Ns e'QmfgL ubf{ gubdf sf®f]jf® gul®, sDkgLsf] gfddf hf®L Psfp06 k]oL r]s, cgnfOg dfWod jf cGo s'g} a}lsÍ k|0ffnLaf6 dfq ug{'kg]{5 . s'g} klg ®sd e'QmfgL kZrft sDkgLaf6 e'QmfgL ®l;b lng' glal;{g'xf]; ;fy} e'QmfgL kZrft cfˆgf] df]afOndf sf®f]af® ePsf] k'i6L af®] d];]h cfP gcfPsf] olsg ug{'xf]; .

• ;"o{Hof]lt nfOkmsf] df]afOn Pkaf6 cfˆgf] aLdfn]vsf] af®]df tyf cGo cfjZos ljj®0f ;lhn} k|fKt ug{ ;Sg'x'g]5 . df]afOn Pkdf ®lh:6® ÷ nu Og ug{ tkfFOsf] df]afOn gDa® sDkgLdf ®x]sf] gDa® ;Fu ldn]sf] x'g'kb{5 .

• aLdfn]v lwtf] afkt olb s'g} shf{ lng' ePsf] 5 eg] shf{sf] Joh lgoldt ¿kdf e'QmfgL ug{' kg]{ x'G5 .

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n'lDagL==== klg vr{ ;Gtf] ifhgs b] lvPsf] 5} g . d'VodGqL tyf dlGqkl/ ifb\ sfof{nosf] rfn'tkm{ %=@! k|ltzt vr{ ePsf] 5 eg] k"“hLuttkm{ )=!) k|ltzt dfq} vr{ ePsf] 5 . cy{ dGqfnosf] rfn'tkm{ @@=!( k|ltzt / k"“hLuttkm{ (=$( k|ltzt ah] 6 vr{ ePsf] 5 . pBf] u ko{6g tyf oftfoft Joj: yf dGqfnosf] rfn'tkm{ !(=() k|ltzt / k"“hLuttkm{ @=%) k|ltzt vr{ ePsf] 5 . s[lif tyf e"ld Joj: yf dGqfnosf] rfn'tkm{ !*=#( / k"“hLuttkm{ (=^# k|ltzt ah] 6 vr{ ePsf] 5 . u[x dGqfnosf] rfn'tkm{ #&=^* k|ltzt / k"“hLut #@=$% k|ltzt ah] 6 vr{ ePsf] 5 . jg tyf jftfj/ 0f dGqfnosf] rfn'tkm{ @ (=%% k|ltzt / k"“hLuttkm{ !)=## k|ltzt ah] 6 vr{ ePsf] ] 5 . k|b] z n] vf lgoGqs sfof{non] lbPsf] hfgsf/ L cg';f/ ef} lts k"jf{wf/ ljsf; dGqfnosf] rfn'tkm{ #$=%) k|ltzt / k"“hLuttkm{ !@=@$ k|ltzt ah] 6 vr{ ePsf] 5 . vfg] kfgL u|fdL0f tyf zx/ L ljsf; dGqfnosf] rfn'tkm{ #)=)! k|ltzt / k"“hLuttkm{ @)=)* k|ltzt ah] 6 vr{ ePsf] 5 . ;fdflhs ljsf; dGqfnosf] rfn'tkm{ !*=+!& k|ltzt / k"“hLuttkm{ !!=)* k|ltzt ah] 6 vr{ ePsf] 5 . : jf: Yo dGqfnosf] rfn'tkm{ @(=!% k|ltzt / k"“hLuttkm{ $!=!^ k|ltzt ah] 6 vr{ ePsf] 5 .

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kl/ jt{g Nofpg'k5{ eGg] p2] Zon] ljBfnosf] z} lIfs: t/ j[l4df s] xL 6] jf k'uf] ;\ eg] / ljBfnonfO{ z} lIfs ;fdu|L ;xof] u ul/ Psf] pxf“n] atfpg'eof] . ljBfno Joj: yfkg ;ldltsf sfo{jfxs cWoIf bLkf >] i7sf] ] cWoIftfdf ePsf] sfo{qmddf zf/ bf gu/ kflnsf j8f g+= # sf cWoIf t'n;f e08f/ L, k|wfgfWofks 6Lsf/ fd v8\sf, z} lIfs ;'wf/ sf cleoGtf df} ;dbf; >] i7nufotsf] ;xeflutf lyof] . k'gn] k|To] s jif{ ljBfnox?df z} lIfs ;fdu|L ljt/ 0f u/ ] / hGdlbg dgfp“b} cfpg'ePsf] 5 .

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