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o'uaf] w ;dfrf/bftf sf7df8f} +, #) ;fpg . g] kfndf kl5Nnf] ;dodf sf] / f] gf ;+qmd0f lgs} al9/x] sf] 5 . s"n ;+qmldtsf] ;+Vof @% xhf/ gf3] sf] 5 eg] d[tssf] ;+Vof 7Ls Ps ;o k'u] sf] 5 . z'qmaf/ s"n ;+qmldtsf] ;+Vof @% xhf/ kf“r ;o %! k'u] sf] 5 . z'qmaf/ kf“r ;o ($ ;+qmldt ylkPsf 5g\ . d[ts Ps ;ohgfdWo] &* k'?if / @@ dlxnf 5g\ . clxn] ;Dd !& xhf/ && hgfn] sf] / f] gf lht] sf 5g\ . dGqfnon] z'qmaf/ la/f6gu/df b'O{, k;f{df b'O{ / wg'iffsf Pshgfsf] d[To' ePsf] k'li6 u/] sf] 5 . d[To' x'g] l;/fxsf $) jifL{o k'?ifsf] dGqfnon] k'li6 ul/;s] sf] 5} g . dGqfnosf cg';f/ g] kfndf kf“r ;o a9L ;lqmo ;+qmldt ePsf rf/ lhNnf 5g\ . ;+qmldt k;f{, /f} tx6, dxf] Q/L / sf7df8f} +df kf“r ;o a9L ;+qmldt 5g\ eg] ;+v'jf;ef, dgfª, d': tfª / 8f] Nkfdf Pshgf klg ;+qmldt 5} gg\ . clxn] ;ft xhf/ gf} ;o !# ;lqmo ;+qmldt /x] sf 5g\ . clxn] Sjf/] G6fOgdf !$ xhf/ 5 ;o #* hgf /x] sf 5g\ . ;ft} kb] zsf

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km] g] {nufot ;xdlt Kofs] hd} ug] { tof/L ul/Psf] 5 . sfo{bnn] rf“8f] eGbf rf“8f] kf6L{leqsf ;d:of ;dfwfgsf nflu PsLs[t ;'emfj lbg] dxf;lrj kf} 8] nn] atfpg'eof] . sfo{bnn] kf6L{df pTkGg ;d:of ;dfwfgsf ;DaGwdf s'g ljifodf s;/L ;xdlt ug] { eg] / lnlvt?kdf b'O{ cWoIfnfO{ ;'emfj k] z ug] {5 . To; cfwf/df b'O{ cWoIfn] ;xdltsf] k:tfj ;lrjfnodf k] z ug] {5g\ . To;kl5 dfq :ylut :yfoL sld6L a} 7s ;'rf? x'g] g] skf ;f] tn] hgfPsf] 5 . :yfoL ;ldltkl5 s] GbLo ;ldlt a} 7s klg af] nfP/ dxflwj] zgsf sfo{qmd ;fj{hlgs ug] { cWoIfåosf] df] 6fdf] 6L ;dembf/L ag] sf] 5.

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;lsG5 .Ú cfd gful/sdf ;''/ Iff / ;fjwfgLsf] r] t gx'“bf sf] / f] gf efO/;sf] ;+qmd0f km} ng ;Sg] ePsfn] ;r] tgfsf] ljsf;;“u} ;''/ Iffdf cfkm"" lg/Gt/ nflukl//x] sf] pxf“sf] egfO 5 . pxf“n] yKg''eof] – …ghfGg] df eGbf hfg] x?df ;''/ Iff / ;fjwfgLsf] r] t sdhf] / kfP“ .Ú sf] / f] gf ;+qmd0fsf] dxfdf/L;“u} df:s ljt/0f cleofgdf ;lqmo

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(Naya Yugbodh National Daily Aug. 15, 2020)

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cfdGq0f M gofF o'uaf] w /fli6«o b} lgssf ;Dkfbs– ksfzs Pj+ d] / f ;xkf7L cgGo ldq ktfk /] UdLn] @)&& ;fn >fj0f @$ ut] kmf] gaf6} ef] ln >fj0f @% ut] lbgsf] Ps ah] g] kfn kqsf/ dxf;+3sf] ;efxndf k"j{dfggLo Ps/fh zdf{n] /rgf ug'{ePsf] d] / f] ctLt gfds k': ts ljdf] rg sfo{qmd 5 . cfpg'xf] nf x} eGb} lgDTofpg'eof] . of] lgDtf] kfPsf] 7Ls kGw ldg] 6kl5 /fKtL ;flxTo kl/ifbsf s] GbLo cWoIf k'?iff] Qd vgfnn] klg ;f] xL ljifos lgDtf] lbg'eof] . lgDtf] kfpg] ljlQs} d] / f] dfg;k6ndf tTsfnLg /fli6«o k~rfotsf] a} 7sdf k"j{dfggLo Ps/fh zdf{n] JoQm ug{' ePsf cleJolQmx¿sf] :d/0f eof] . To;} u/L tTsfnLg lhNnf k~rfotsf] lhNnf ;ef / bfª lhNnfsf ljleGg :yfgdf pxfFn] cleJoQm ug{'ePsf efjgfx¿ :d/0f ub} { sf} t'xntf hfUof] . pQm ;dodf d} n] nf] s;] jf cfof] u kf; u/] / ev{/ –ev{/ ;/sf/L ;] jfdf kj] z u/] sf] lyPF . o; cy{df klg pxfFn] af] n] sf / u/] sf ljljw lqmofsnfkx¿ rf;f] lbP/ ;'Gg] a'emg] kof; ub{y] + . k': ts nf] sfk{0f sfo{qmd M lgDtf] kfPcg';f/ >fj0f @% ut] 7Ls Ps ah] k': ts nf] sfk{0f :yndf k'uF] . /fKtL ;flxTo kl/ifbsf] cfof] hgfdf k': ts ljdf] rg ;df/f] x tof/L eO/x] sf] lyof] . s] xL a] / d} kl/ifbsf s] GbLo cWoIf k'?iff] Qd vgfnsf] cWoIftfdf ljlzi6 cltly >4] o gf/fo0fk;fb zdf{, s[ltsf/sf ;xf] b/ efGh kf= >Lw/ dhu} of, al/i7 ;flxTosf/ lul//fh zdf{nufotsf cuhx¿sf] pkl:yltdf sfo{qmd ;~rfns sdndl0f b] jsf] 6fn] /l;nf] kf/fn] ld7f] u/L ;xhLs/0fsf] yfngL ug{'eof] . ;+of] u egf} + >fj0f @% ut] n] vsn] o; wtL{df kfOnf 6] s] sf] z'ehGd lbg klg k/] sf] /x] 5 . o:tf] ck"j{ z'elbgdf ;dfh;] jL, ljåfg, s'zn /fhgLlt1, ;flxTosf/ >4] o Ps/fh zdf{Ho"n] /rgf ug{'ePsf] d] / f] ctLt k': ts pxfFsf gflt ;+: sf/, ljlzi6 cltly al/i7 ;flxTosf/ gf/fo0fk;fb zdf{, kf=>Lw/ dhu} of, al/i7 ;flxTosf/ lul//fh zdf{n] ;fd"lxs¿kdf nf] sfk{0f ug{'eof] . k': ts ljdf] rg kZrft lghfdtL ;] jfdf nfdf] ;do;Dd ;] jf u/L ;] jflga[Q x'g'ePsf g] kfn ;/sf/sf k"j{;x;lrj /d] zs'df/ clwsf/L / ;flxTosf/ 8f=cd/ lu/Ln] d] / f] ctLt k': tssf] leqL tx;Dd k'Ub} uxlsnf] ;dLIff ug{'eof] . s[ltsf/sf efOaGw', gft] bf/ nufot bh{ghlt z'e] R5'sx¿n] z'esfdgf dfkm{t pxfFnfO{ xf} : ofpFb} kTo] s jif{ Pp6f s[lt ladf] rg u/fpg] k] / 0ff lbg'eof] . sl/j tLg 306f;Dd rn] sf] pQm sfo{qmddf pkl:yt ;a} nfO{ xflb{s wGojfb lbb} ;efWoIf k'?iff] Qd vgfnn] clj:d/0fLo sfo{qmdsf] ;dfkg ug{'ePsf] lyof] . bf] ;f] s[lt d] / f] ctLt M k"j{dfggLo Ps/fh zdf{Ho"n] /rgf ug{'ePsf] klxnf] s[lt uLtf dxfTDo @)&^ ;fndf ksfzg eO;s] sf] 5 . bf] ;f] s[lt d] / f] ctLt k': ts ljdf] rg kZrft d'n'ss} ;femf ;Dklt ePsf] 5 . >4] o kf7sHo"x¿n] d] / f] ctLtnfO{ lgofn] / cf–cfˆgf] b[li6sf] 0f hg;dIf Nofpg' x'g] g} 5 . pQm k': ts nf] sfk{0f kZrft d} n] klg Ps klt lnP/ 3/ kmls{PF . k': ts ;/;tL{ x] bf{ cg'e"lt u/] sf s'/ fx¿ cfb/0fLo kf7s;dIf /fVg] w[i6tf u/] sf] 5' . k"j{dfggLoHo"n] /rgf ug{'ePsf] d] / f] ctLt gfds k': ts gofF o'uaf] w /fli6«o b} lgsn] ksfzg u/] sf] xf] . kfFr;o Ps klt 5flkPsf] of] k': tssf] ;fh;Hhf tyf sfuh lgs} /fdf] 5 . k'Ho cfdfa'jfdf ;dk{0f ug{' ePsf] k': tsdf gofF o'uaf] w /fli6«o b} lgssf ;+: yfks Pj+ jl/i7 ;flxTosf/ gf/fo0fk;fb zdf{n] z'e] R5f JoQm ug{'ePsf] 5 . n] vsn] Ps;o aof;L k[i7df

c7f/j6f zLif{sdfkm{t cfˆgf] hLjg a[QfGt ;dfj] z ug{'ePsf] 5 . pG8fO;f} +df cfˆgf] hLjgdf ePu/] sf b:tfj] hx¿sf] 5fof klt /fv] / Oltxf; cfkm} af] N5 zLif{s lbg'ePsf] 5 . n] vs kl/ro M n] vs o:tf] JolQmTj x'g'x'G5, pxfFsf] kl/ro hlt;'s} nfdf] n] V5' eg] klg Tof] cGtt ;+If] kd} x'g k'U5 . bfªsf] k6jf/L kl/jf/sf -/] UdL_ v'zn/fd, af] lwnfn, gGb/fd, /fdk;fb rf/ efO dWo] ;flxnf gGb/fd zdf{ pkfWofo x'g'x'GYof] . k'Holktf gGbf/fd zdf{ ddtfdoL cfdf xl/snfb] jL zdf{sf] sf] vaf6 5f] / fx¿ ef] h/fh, Ps/fh, lzjs'df/, u'?k;fb, bfdf] b/, s[i0fs'df/ zdf{ / 5f] / L lzjfs'df/Lsf] hGd ePsf] lyof] . 5 efO 5f] / f Ps 5f] / LdWo] dflxnf 5f] / f ;flxTosf/ >4] o Ps/fh zdf{Ho"sf] hGd lj=;++=!(() ;fn >fj0f @% ut] sf lbg ePsf] lyof] . lbg b'O{ u'0ff /ft rf} u'0ff k"l0f{dfsf] rGbdf h:t} a9\b} uPsf Ps/fh zdf{ afns cj:yfd} tLI0f a'l4, ljnIf0fo'Qm kltefsf wgL ePsf] s'/ f pxfFsf afn;vfx¿ atfpg'x'G5 . lzIff bLIff M kfFr jif{ pd] / gk'Ub} !% lbgleq} cIf/ lrg] / Ps jif{leq cd/sf] if gf} jif{sf] pd] / df sf} d'bL k"/ f ug{'ePsf Ps/fh zdf{ cWoogsf] q m d d f sf7df8f} + /

af/f0f;L;Dd k'u] / pRr lzIff xfl;n ug{ ;kmn x'g'eof] . ;+: s[t ;flxTodf zf:qL kf; u/] / cfrfo{;Ddsf] lzIff xfl;n ug{'ePsf d] / f] ctLtsf /rgfsf/ Ps/fh zdf{n] c+u] hLdf cfO=P= pQL0f{ ug{ Eofpg'eof] . lj=;+= @)!) ;fn ciff9df klZrd bfª eds] lgjf;L t'N;L/fd zdf{÷lgd{nf zdf{sL 5f] / L dflnsf;Fu a} jflxs ;"qaGwgdf afFlwg' ePsf cfb/0fLo Ps/fh zdf{sf 5f] / fx¿ ;'/ ] z, ;tLz, ;Gtf] if 5f] / Lx¿ uf} / f, sdnf, /df, dLgf, ;Ldf ;a} n] pRr lzIff xfl;n u/L cf– cfˆgf] /f] huf/, k] zf, Joj;fodf Jo:t x'g'x'G5 . cledGo' aw gf6sdf s[i0fsf] e"ldsf lgjf{x ug{ ;kmn ;flxTosf/ zdf{ gf6s ljwfdf ;d] t lgk'0f b] lvg'x'G5 . Ko"7fg, aofn] / cfdfsf] d"lt{ /fv] sf] :yfgdf ;d] t ul/ tLg7fpFdf b] ljefjut\ jfrg u/] / kl08TofOFsf] cg'ej kfKt ug{'ePsf]

5 . sf7df08f} +df hot' ;+: s[td\ cfGbf] ngdf ;lqmo ;xefuL x'g' eO{ bfª cfpg'eof] . /ZdL/fh g] kfnLnfO{ d/0ff;Gg x'g] u/L lk6] sf] ljifodf 8] lnu] zg hfFbf kzf;gn] ;ft dlxgf ;ft lbg h] ndf /fVof] . h] nleqsf] si6s/ hLjg ;d] tsf] cg'ej ug{'ePsf eljiobi6f Ps/fh zdf{ cFfvfdf xfn] klg glaemfpg] ;/n JolQmTjsf wgL x'g'x'G5 . lgjf{lrt hgkltlglw M s'zn /fhgLlt1 Ps/fh zdf{n] /fhgLlttkm{ O+lut ub} { lj=;+=@)!( ;fnb] lv b'O{jif] { k~rfotL lrÝfdf lh=;=;= agL lj>fd lnPsf] cj:yfdf @)@! ;fndf sDo'lgi6sf] cf/f] kdf P;kL= g/gf/fo0f zfx, a8fxflsd dfwjnfn tfa] bf/ / bfdf] b/hLsf] ldnf] dtf] df ;ft dlxgf h] n xflnPkl5 km] l/ /fhgLlts hLjg z'?jft u/L qmd;M lh=k+=;=, ls;fg ;+u7gsf] c~rn ;] qm] 6/L, s] GbLo ;b:o / /fli6«o k~rfotdf b'O{ k6s lgjf{lrt eO{ g] kfn / g] kfnL hgtfsf] kIfdf jsfnt ul/of] eGg'x'G5 . /fhgLlts hLjgsf cleGg ;xof] uLx¿ eGb} gf/fo0fk;fb zdf{, eLds'df/ /fgf, uh/fh zdf{, ljdn / ] UdL, kbdk;fb zdf{, lji0f' l3ld/ ] , u+ufdl0f z d f { , / fddl0f clwsf/ L, s] zj/ fh zdf{ h:tf JolQmx¿nfO{ cu kª\ltdf ;Demg'x'G5 . / f l i 6 « o k~rfotsf] ;b:o x'Fbf ;/sf/sf] gLlt tyf sfo{qmddfly ;bgdf x'g] 5nkmndf sljtfTds z} nLdf hgtfsf] efjgfnfO{ k:t't ub} { dfggLo Ps/fh zdf{n] jf/] z, k~re] nf, k~rx¿, sfo{kq, k~re] nf lsg < cfrf/, /hthoGtL, ah] 6 s] xf] < h:tf ;Gb] zd"ns sljtf kf7 u/] / tTsfnLg >L % sf] ;/sf/nfO{ ;r] t u/fPsf] cg'ej klg ;+ufNg' ePsf] 5 . cjnf] sg ed0f M klxnf] ljb] z ed0f hfkfgsf] /x] 5 . hfkfgdf ls;fgx¿;Fu glhs eP/ u/] sf ultljlw ;Dembf pxfF clxn] klg /dfOnf] cg'e"lt ug{'xG5 . o;} u/L bf] >f] ljb] z ed0fdf yfONof08, lkmlnlkG;, l;ª\ufk'/ , l;o'nsf] Kofs] h kf] ufd /x] 5 . ef/tsf ljleGg tLy{: yn nufot rf/wfd tLy{ofqfsf] :d/0f k': tsdf /f] rs9+un] pNn] v ub} { eGg'x'G5 huGgfyhLaf6 dbf;, /fd] Zj/d\sf] nflu a] hjf8f jf; a:of} + . ;'?jfn 6f] kL nufPsf] b] lv l/S;fjfnfn] d';njfg ;Dem] 5, wd{zfnf n} hfnf eg] sf] t dl:htdf kf] k'¥ofof] . sxfFaf6 cfPsf] eg] / ;f] Wof] < g] kfn eGbf a'em] g . kz'kltgfyaf6 eg] kl5 7fpF 5} g eGof] . l/S;fjfnfn] em'lSsPsf] ;DemL kl5 df8jf/L

wd{zfnf nu] sf] :d/0f ug{'x'G5 . d] / f] ctLt sf] aflx/L cfj/0fsf] kmf] 6f] cWoogsf] qmddf sf7df08f} + hfFbf ef/tsf] /S;f} n x'Fb} uPsf] cg'ej z] o/ ub} { eGg'x'G5– eLdkm] bLdf la/fdL x'Fbf 8f] sfdf a;] / eLdkm] bL s'n] vfgL eP/ yfgsf] 6 k'u] sf] c9fO{ ?k} of nfu] sf] :d/0f ug{'x'G5 . krf; k} ;fdf a6O{, b'O{ ?k} ofdf efn] , jL; ?k} ofdf v;L, b'O{;o krf; ?k} ofdf nfdsfg] 7"nf] b'wfn' ufO{, kfFr ?k} ofdf Psd'/ L wfg, vl/b laqmL u/] sf] ;Dembf clxn] ;f;} km': s] nf h:tf] nfU5 eGg'x'G5 . d] / f] ctLt k': tsdf ;dfj] z ug{'ePsf] aGwg uLlt gf6s -Psb] lv kfFrf} + b[Zo_ sljtfx¿ cfdf ltd} dfofFdf, bz} ls bz} , d sf] x' < d} n] klg uf] bjf kfPsf] 5' ,cWoog ubf{ /fhgLlt1 eP/ pRr lhDd] jf/L ;DxfNg'ePsf k"j{dfggLoHo"sf] ;flxlTos ofqf lgs} klxn] b] lv lg/Gt/ rln/x] sf] :ki6 x'G5 . kl5Nnf] /fhgLlts cj:yf M ;tL ;fn h:tf] l7Ë pe] / cfˆgf] :jfledfgL zL/ ;w} ;w} pRr /fVg ;kmn s'zn /fhgLlt1 Ps/fh zdf{ eGg'x'G5– @)$^ ;fnsf] /fhgLlts kl/jt{gkl5 ax'bnLo zf;g Joj:yfsf] z'?jft eof] . klxn] sf ;fyLx¿n] /fli6«o khftGq kf6L{ gfds ;+: yf vf] n] sf] hfgsf/L kfOof] . dnfO{ vf] Hg w] / } g] tfx¿ bfª cfP . ;"o{axfb'/ yfkf, nf] s] Gbaxfb'/ rGb, /ljGbgfy zdf{, ksfzrGb nf] xgL, kz'klt zdz] / /f0ff, kbd;'Gb/ nfjtLh:tf g] tfhLx¿n] dnfO{ klg /fli6«o khftGq kf6L{df ;xefuL aGg cfux u/] sf lyP . ;a} sf] /fhgLlts rl/q / ax'bnLo /fhgLltsf] ;+: sf/ s:tf] xf] eGg] yfx} lyof] . To;} n] gofF kf6L{df nfUg ;lsPg . g] kfnL sfª\u] ; kf6L{klt pgLx¿sf] rl/qn] ubf{ >4f g} gx'g] eof] . sDo'lg:6 eg] / h] n k/] sf] , s'6fO vfO{ k~rfot kLl8t ag] sf] sf/0fn] sDo'lg:6 aGg] cfwf/ b] v] / xf] nf sDo'lg:6 ;fyLx¿n] cfˆgf] kf6L{df Nofpg] kof; u/] sf lyP . tL; jif{;Dd k~r ag] sf] JolQm /ftf/ft sDo'lg:6 kultzLn eg] / s'd hf] 8\g dg nfu] g . nfdf] /fhgLlts ofqfkl5 ;a} ultljlw 5f] 8] / l/6fo/ ;} lgs em} 3/df lj>fd lng] lg0f{o u/] sf] x'F eGg'x'G5 . v'zL, ;'vL, zflGt / cfTd;Gt'li6 M >4] o Ps/fh zdf{Ho"n] tL; jif{ g] kfnsf] /fhgLlts If] qdf kToIf ;xefuL eP/ ufpF, lhNnf, c~rn, x'Fb} s] GbLo /fhgLltdf ;d] t pNn] Vo of] ubfg k'¥ofpg'ePsf] ;j{ljlbt} 5 . pxFFfsf /fhgLlts ultljlw :d/0f ubf{ sf] xL s;} nfO{ slxNo} klg gsf/fTds b[li6sf] 0fn] x] / ] sf] kfOFb} g . ;lsG5 ;xof] u ug] { g;s] sf] v08df c;xof] u slxNo} gug] {, ;a} ;Fu ;db"/ L, ;dGjo, ;xefuL, ;dGofo, ;b\efjk"j{s cufl8 a9\g] gLlt cjnDag ub} { cfpg'eof] . ;+: s[t ;flxTodf cfrfo{;Ddsf] cWoog ug{'ePsf ljåfg JolQmTjn] kToIf /fhgLltaf6 lj>fd lnP kZrft lgdflj sf] nxLdf ;;fgf efOalxgLx¿nfO{ lzIffbLIff lbb} cg's/0fLo sfo{ ug{ ;d] t kl5 kg{'ePg . gGb/fd zdf{÷xl/snf b] jL zdf{sf 5 efO 5f] / fx¿ ef] h/fh, Ps/fh, lzjs'df/, u'?k:ffb, bfdf] b/, s[i0fs'df/ zdf{ / 5f] / L lzjfs'df/L ;d] t ;j} sf ;Gtltx¿ 8fS6/, Ol~hlgo/, kfWofks, kzf;s, lzIfs, d} g] h/, rf6{/ Psfp06] 06, Joj:yfksnufot ljljw If] qdf ;+nUg xF'b} eP u/] sf] pGglt kult b] v] / cToGt} v';L, ;'vL / ;Gt'i 6 x'g'x'G5 . cFfvfdf xfn] / klg glaemfpg] zflGtk] dL cuh >4] o Ps/fh zdf{Ho"sf] ;': jf:Yo, bL3f{o',pQ/f] t/ kult Pj+ pQ/fw{sf] hLjg cToGt} ;'vdo /xf] ;\ eGg] sfdgfsf ;fy oxfFsf] ;flxlTos ofqfsf] snd kfgL h:t} ;nn alu/xf] ;\ eGb} bf] ;f] s[lt d] / f] ctLt gfds k': ts ksfzg ug{' ePsf] df xflb{s awfO{;lxt z'e sfdgf 6qmofpF5' .

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Saturday, 15 Aug. 2020

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bfªdf ufdL0f ko{6gsf] ljsf; ns8fpgsf] v'n]sf] 5 . t/ sf]/f]gf efO/;sf] dxfdf/L eg] cGTo ePsf] 5}g . ko{6g;Fu hf]l8Psf xf]6n / oftfoftsf ;fwgx? rNg yfn]sf 5g\ . t/ cem} klg ;a} lhNnfdf ko{6sx? k'Ug] jftfj/0f eg] 5}g . ;a}nfO{ dxfdf/Lsf] eo eP klg ufdL0f ko{6gdf rxnkxn z'? ePsf] 5 . kb]z gDj/ % df kg]{ bfª Plzofsf] 7"nf] pkTosf xf] . bfªdf b'O{j6f pkTosf 5g\ h;nfO{ bfª / b]pv'/L pkTosf elgG5 . bfªdf b'O{j6f pkdxfgu/kflnsf, Pp6f gu/kflnsf / ;ftj6f ufpFkflnsfx? u/L !) j6f :yfgLo lgsfox? 5g\ . bfªdf ko{6gsf w]/} ;Defjgfx? 5g\ . kfs[lts gbLgfnf, kxf8sf cnfjf ;f+:s[lts w/f]x/ / ;Dkbf ko{6g;Fu hf]l8Psf 5g\ . csf]{tkm{ bfª lxdfn;Fu ghf]l8P klg lxdfnL >+[vnf cjnf]sg ug]{ w]/} :ynx? 5g\ . ef}uf]lns, ;fdflhs / ;f+:s[lts ljljwtf ePsf] bfªsf] dgdf]xs b[Zo b]v]/ hf]sf]xL ufdL0f ko{6sx? /dfpg] ub{5g\ . tkfOF bfªdf 3'dlkm/ ug{x' G' 5 eg] tkfOF;Fu 3'dlkm/sf] Kofs]h x'gk' b{5 . sxfF sxfF 3'dlkm/ ug]{ < kfs[lts If]qdf /dfpg], tLyf{6g ko{6sLo:yn, tfn tn}of cyjf yf? hfltsf] nf]s ;+:s[lt < oL s'/fsf] Plsg eof] eg] 3'dlkm/sf] nflu ;lhnf] dfq x'Fb}g vr{sf] ;d]t art x'G5 . bfªdf w]/} ko{6sLo:yn tLyf{6g ko{6g;Fu hf]l8Psf 5g\ . tLyf{6g dfq xf]Og ufdL0f If]qdf /x]sf kfs[lts, ;f+:s[lts / P]ltxfl;s ;Dkbf ko{6g;Fu hf]l8Psf 5g\ . 3'dlkm/ ug{sf] nflu of]hgf agfpg' eGbf klxn] 3'dlkm/ ug{ ;Sg] ;do / cfly{s s'/fdf klg larf/ k'¥ofpg'kb{5 . olb tkfO{+;Fu 3'dlkm/sf] nflu nfdf] ;do / cfly{s hf]xf] ug{ ;Sg'xG' 5 eg] bfª lhNnfdf s'g} klg df};ddf 3'dlkm/ ug{ ;Sg'xG' 5 . bfª o:tf] 7fpF xf] h'g g]kfnsf clwsf+z zx/df a;]sfx?n] t'?Gt lg0f{o u/]/ t'?Gt} cfpg ;Sg' x'G5 . oxfF cfOk'Ug ;fj{hlgs ;jf/L ;fwg / xjfO{ oftfoftsf] ;'ljwf 5 . bfª kj]z ul/;s]kl5 cfjf; / vfgfsf nflu xf]6n, /]i6'/fF cflbsf] kof{Kt ;'ljwf 5 . ufpF3/df 3'dlkm/sf] dHhf leGb} x'G5 . bfªdf 3'dlkm/sf] nflu w]/} 7fpFx? 5g\ . slxNo} bfª gcfPsf] ko{6s bfª cfof] eg] b+u kb{5 . Plzofsf] 7"nf] pkTosf pQ/df dxfef/t / blIf0fdf r'/] kxf8n] 3]l/Psf] dfq xf]Og bfªsf] xfjfkfgL / oxfFsf] jftfj/0fn] ;a}nfO{ cfsif{0f ub{5 . bfªdf s] 5}g < bfªdf lxdfndfq 5}g t/ lxdfn klg cjnf]sg ug{ ;lsg] bfªdf w]/} :ynx? 5g\ . bfªdf 3'dlkm/ ug]{ 7fpFsf] klxrfg dfq ug{ hfGg] xf] eg] cgluGtL 7fpF 5g\ ufdL0f If]qdf ko{6sn] k'Ug] / /dfpg] 7fpF . kbdfu{df /dfpg], kfs[lts Pj+ s[lqd tfn tn}ofdf /dfpg], wfld{s d7 dlGb/df tLyf{6g ug]{, P]ltxfl;s kfs[lts ;Dkbfsf] vf]hlag ug]{, kfs[lts u'kmf, 5x/f / dxfef/t >[+vnfsf] sf]6df /dfpg] ko{6sx?sf nflu bfªdf 3'dlkm/sf :ynx? w]/} 5g\ . csf]{tkm{ k'/Gwf/fsf] em/gf, b+uLz/0f, rvf}/fsf] yf? ;+uxfno, t'n;Lk'/sf] u0f]zk'/ zflGt kfs{, rd]/] u'kmf, l5NnLsf]6, 3f]/fxLsf] afxs'g] / Hofld/] tfn, df}nfsf]6, 3f]/bf}/f, ;jf/Lsf]6, wf/fkfgL, /Tggfy / clDjs]Zj/L dlGb/, pmhfsf] eujtLsf] dlGb/, b]pv'/Lsf] l/xf/wfd, hv]/f tfn, b]jLsf]6, h+uns'6L / sf]Onfjf;sf] /fdhfgsL dlGb/ nufotsf :ynx? 3'dlkm/ ug{sf] nflu k'Ug}kg]{ :yn x'g\ .

zflAbs ?kdf …kof{ + 6gÚ ldn]/ ko{6g ag]sf] x'G5 . kof{ eGgfn] h}ljs jftfj/0f / 6g eGgfn] 3'dlkm/ eGg] a'lemG5 . bfªdf s]xL lbgotf cfGtl/s ko{6sx? 3'dlkm/sf] nflu lg:sg yfn]sf 5g\ . hv]/f, Hofld/] / r]k] tfndf 9'+uf ;o/ ug]{ ufdL0f ko{6sx?sf] le8g} nfUg] u/]sf] 5 . csf]{tkm{ P]ltxfl;s d7 dlGb/x?df tLyf{6gsf ko{6s k'Ug] u/]sf 5g\ . ljutdf dflg;x?sf] tLyf{6g k'0o cfh{gdf dfq ;Lldt lyof] . pgLx? h'g d7 dlGb/df k'Uy], ToxLFaf6 kms{Gy] . t/ clxn] ;do ablnPsf] 5 . 3'dlkm/sf] ;+:s[ltsf] ljsf; ePsf] 5 . wfld{s cyf{t\ tLyf{6g ko{6gsf] dxTj a9\b} cfPsf] 5 . tLyf{6g;Fu} gofF ufpF7fpF / e"uf]nsf] 3'd3fddf ko{6sx? /dfpg] ub{5g\ . 3'dlkm/sf] ljsf; x'g' ufdL0f ko{6gsf] nflu /fdf] kIf xf] . ufdL0f ko{6sx?sf cf–cfˆgf] ;f}v / ?rL x'G5g\ . s;}sf] ;f}v hGdl;4 jf j+zf0f'ut x'G5g\ eg] s]xL ko{6sn] ;fdflhsLs/0fsf] klqmofaf6 ux0f ub{5g\ . gofF 7fpF 3'dlkm/ u/]/ ljljw kIfsf] cjnf]sg / cg'ejsf] cfgGb lng' klg dfgjLo ;f}v / ?lrsf dxTjk"0f{ kf6f] xf] . h'g ;f}v / ?rL clxn] dfgjLo :jefjdf kl/0ft x'Fb} ;dfhdf ;+:s[lts} ?kdf :yflkt ePsf] 5 . ca 3'dlkm/df lg:sg] ufdL0f ko{6sx?nfO{ ko{6g Aoj;foLx?n] d}qLk"0f{ Aojxf/ ug{k' b{5 . jfXo ko{6sx?nfO{ dfq ko{6s dfGg] u/]sf] dfGotfnfO{ kl/jt{g u/L ;a} ufdL0f ko{6sx?nfO{ ;Ddfghgs ko{6ssf] Aojxf/ ug{k' b{5 . g]kfnLdf a9\b} uPsf] 3'dlkm/ ;+:s[lt / vr{ ug{ ;Sg] Ifdtfsf sf/0f ufdL0f ko{6snfO{ 3'dlkm/ ubf{ vr{ ug]{ dfWod x'gk' b{5 . ufdL0f ko{6sx? ufpFdf 3'dlkm/ ub}{df lbuf] cfly{s ljsf; eg] x'g] xf]Og . lbuf] cfly{s ljsf; / cfGtl/s ko{6gsf] ljsf; ug{ j:t'sf] pTkfbg a9fpg'kb{5 . clxn] ufdL0f ko{6gaf6 s]jn cjnf]sg dfq ePsf] 5 . ufdL0f ko{6s x'gsf] nflu pgLx?sf] 3'dlkm/df vr{ ug]{ afgLsf] ljsf; x'gk' b{5 . ufdL0f ko{6sx? vr{ ug{ tof/ 5g\ t/ vr{ ug]{ j:t' / 7fpF e]6fPsf 5}gg\ . ufdL0f If]qdf km/s–km/s rfnrng, /Lltl/jfh, wd{ ;+:s[lt, e]ife"iff, efiff, rf8kj{x? 5g\ . tL ;a} df}lns ks[ltsf x'G5g / ufdL0f ko{6sx?nfO{ tL If]qdf ?lr x'G5 . bfªsf x/]s ufpFsf] cfˆg} dxTj / ljz]if klxrfg 5 . ufdL0f ko{6sx?nfO{ x/]s ufpFn] km/s ;Gb]z / km/s kl/ro kbfg ug{ ;S5g\ . To;sf/0f ko{6gsf] ljsf;sf] nflu tL ;a} ufpFsf] l:ylt cg'?ksf] ufdL0f ko{6g, ka4{gsf]

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of]hgf agfpg'kb{5 / krf/k;f/ ug{k' b{5 . ufdL0f ko{6gsf] lasf;sf] nflu ufpFsf yf]/} afgLx?df eg] kl/jt{g ug{k' 5{ . x/]s 7fpFdf ;kmf x'g] afgLsf] dfq ljsf; ug{ ;Sof}+ eg] c? l:ylt cfkm}df ;'Gb/ 5 . h:t} ufpFsf] ;/;kmfO, lx8g] af6f], a:g] 7fpF, 3/ j/k/, sf]7f, ;'Tg] a]8, 6\jfOn]6, kof]u ug]{ efF8f olt dfq}df Wofg lbg dfq ;lsof] eg] ufpF ko{6gdf 7"nf] kl/jt{g Nofpg ;lsG5 . o;sf] nflu 7"nf] nufgL / vr{sf] cfjZostf kb}{g . OR5fzlQm / ko{6g ka4{gsf] of]hgf / sfo{qmd dfq eP k'U5 . To;nfO{ nfu' ug{sf] nflu ;/sf/L ;+oGq, ufdL0f ko{6g ljsf; ;ldltx? ;lqmo x'g cfjZos 5 . ufdL0f ko{6gsf] ljsf;df xf]d:6] cyf{t 3/ af;sf] klg ljsf; x'gk' b{5 . xfdf] k'/fgf] rng 5, ;fFemdf 3/df af; a:g cfPsf] a6'jfnfO{ af; lbg] . 3/df kfs]sf] s'/f vfg lbg] / st} ;'Tg lbg] . clxn]sf] xf]d:6] To;s} ljsl;t ?k xf] . kfx'gf 3/df cfpF5g\ 3/d} kfs]sf] vfgf vfg lbg] l9+8f], kmfk/sf] kl/sf/, u'G›'s, e6df;, xl/of] ;fukft, l;:gf], l6d'/, k'lbgf, wlgofh:tf vfgf;lxtsf] ufpFn] kl/sf/n] :jfut ug{ ;lsG5 . 3/sf] Pp6f ;kmf sf]7fsf] ;kmf la:tf/fdf ;'Tg lbg] . 3/sf] kl/jf/sf] ;b:o h:t} Jojxf/ ug]{ . 3/n] ug]{ olQ xf] . afFsL s'/f cfpg] ko{6sn] dhf lng] xf] . ufpFdf ko{6s k'Ubf ufpFsf] ;fgf] 3/df To;/L vfg' a:g'df a]Un} cfgGb kfKt ub{5 . Tof] 3/, kl/jf/ / ;dfhsf] ;+:sf/;Fu kl/lrt x'G5g\ . ko{6sx?n] Tof] 3/sf x/]s lqmofsnfkklt olt w]/} cfzQm x'G5 ls ;a} s'/f / Jojxf/ cgf}7f / nf]enfUbf kfpF5 . o;/L s'g} ko{6g Ps b'O{ lbg, s'g} Ps xKtf t slt dlxgf}+ lbg;Dd klg ufpFd} a:5 ?rfpF5g\ . a;] jfktsf] lglZrt /sd 3/n] kfpF5 . oxL g} xf] ufdL0f ko{6g . ufdL0f ko{6gn] ufpFsf] ljsf;df w]/} ;sf/fTds kl/jt{gx? ul/lbG5 . k"jf{wf/sf] ljsf; x'G5, cfˆgf ;+:sf/ / ;+:s[ltklt dfof / ;b\efjsf] ljsf; x'G5, r]tgf / 1fgsf] If]qdf a[l4 x'G5, cfly{s pkfh{gn] :jfjnDaL afgLx?sf] lgdf{0f x'G5 . o;/L ufdL0f hgtfsf] hLjg:t/sf] kl/jt{gdf ufdL0f ko{6gsf] w]/} g} dxTj 5 . ufdL0f ko{6gsf cGo s}of}+ sfo{qmdx? 5g\ . xfdLn] :yfg / kl/j]zcg';f/ ko{6g kj4{gdf hf]8 lbg'kb{5 . ufpFdf rNb} cfPsf, xfdLn] kof]u ub}{ u/]sf ljleGg lqmofsnfkx? ko{6gsf kIfx? aGg ;S5g\ . tL ljifodf ca :yfgLo lgsfox?n] ;"Id cWog cg';Gwfg ug{k' 5{ . cfˆgf] lgsfodf ;~rfng ug{ ;lsg] ;DefJo ko{6g sfo{qmdx?sf] kfyldstfsf cfwf/df ;~rfng ug{k' b{5 . o;sf] nflu /fHon] b]ze/sf ufpFx?sf] juL{s/0f u/L klxrfg v'nfpg ;Sg'k5{ / tL 7fpFx?sf] krf/k;f/ / ka4{gdf ;xof]u ug{k' b{5 . ko{6g lghL If]qsf] Jofkf/ klg xf] . o;af6 JolQm / ;d'bfon] kmfObf p7fpF5g\ . ;/sf/ / cfd gful/snfO{ o;af6 kToIf Pj+ ckToIf kmfObf x'G5 . ko{6g Joj;fo ;f}lvg dflg;sf kfFr 1fg]G›Lox?nfO{ ;Gt'i6 agfpg] Jofkf/ klg elgG5 . ko{6gnfO{ Jofkf/sf] snfsf ?kdf a'‰g ;S5f}+ . of] Jofkf/ / snfnfO{ e/k"/ pknlAw lbg bfª lhNnfsf ufpF3/ cfsif{ssf uGtAo aGb} uPsf 5g\ . ca :yfgLo ;/sf/n] JolQm, ;d'bfo / pBdzLn Joj;foLnfO{ ufdL0f ko{6gsf] af/]df lzIff, cg'ej, ;Lk kbfg u/L cfltYosnf ;d]tsf] 1fg u/fpFb} hfg'k5{ . Jofks krf/k;f/ / ahf/Ls/0f ug{k' 5{ . ufpFdf ko{6sLo ;+efJotfx? 5g\ eg]/ a:b}df ko{6s cfpFb}gg\ . o;sf nflu jftfj/0f agfpg'k5{ . ufdL0f ko{6sLo j:t' / uGtJonfO{ clwstd pkof]udf Nofpg'k5{ . o;sf nflu ufpF–ufpFdf :yfgLo ;/sf/n] xf]d:6], kykbz{s, cfltYo snfsf]

tflnd, pkxf/ / sf];]nLx? k7fpg] cfˆg} ;Lk, pBd Jofj;flos tflnd, kfs lzIff, :jf:Yo Pj+ ;'/Iff lzIffdf hf]8 lbg'k5{ . g]kfnsf] ufdL0f ko{6g ljsf; ;xh / ;'lglZrt 5 . t/ lxhf]sf] h:tf] ko{6s ;xh} / l5§} cfpF5g\ eGg] 5}g . To;}n] ;/sf/n] ko{6gd}qL Jofj;flos jftfj/0f lgdf{0f ub}{ hfg'k5{ . o;sf nflu cfjZos gLlt, of]hgf, sfo{qmd, /0fgLlt / ef}lts Pj+ dfgjLo k"FhLsf] kj4{g ug{k' 5{ . ufdL0f If]qdf k"jf{wf/ ljsf; ug}{k5{ . ufpFdf kfs[lts ;f}Gbo{, kr'/ h}ljs ljljwtf, P]ltxfl;s tyf ;fF:s[lts ;Dkbfn] ko{6ssf] uGtJo:ynsf] ?kdf /x]sf] x'G5 . ko{6gsf] If]qdf ufdL0f ko{6g cjwf/0ffdf dfq ;Lldt /x]sf] 5 . ufdL0f If]qdf ePsf ko{6sLo:ynsf] klxrfg x'g ;s]sf] 5}g . ufdL0f ko{6s cefj / c;'ljwf x'g] 7fpFdf hfg dg ub{}gg\ . o;sf] nflu ;8ssf] ;'ljwf x'gk' b{5 . To;kl5 ufpFdf k'Ug] ko{6sx?nfO{ cfjf; / vfg]s/' f t geO{ gx'g] s'/f eof] . ;'/Iffsf] cg'e"lt lbg ;Sg'kb{5 . ns8fpgsf] v'n]kl5 ufdL0f ko{6s 3'dlkm/sf] nflu lg:sg] yfn]sf 5g\ . ;a}nfO{ km';{bsf] ;dodf 3'dlkm/sf] ;+:s[lt a;]sf] 5 . t/ sf]/f]gf efO/; cGTo ePsf] 5}g . o;sf] qf; ;a} If]qdf /x]sf] 5 . ljsl;t b]zn] t o;sf] /f]syfd ug{ g;s]sf] cj:yfdf g]kfn h:tf] b]zn] o;sf] hf]lvd;u h'Wg] sfo{ r'gf}tLk"0f{ /x]sf] 5 . h;sf] sf/0f ufdL0f ko{6gdf 3'dlkm/ ug]{ ko{6sx?n] ;fdflhs b"/LnfO{ Vofn /fVg}kb{5 . d'vdf df:s nfpg] sfo{ s]jn s/sf] nflu dfq xf] eGg] wf/0ff x6fpg'kb{5 . 3'dlkm/ ubf{ ufdL0f ko{6sx?n] Vofn ug{k' g]{ s'/f s] 5 eg] sf]/f]gf ;+qmd0f a9\b} uPkl5 s]xL lhNnf / :yfgLo tx / j8fdf lgif]wf1f z'? ePsf] 5 . dflg;x?df sf]/f]gfsf] 8/qf; cem} x6]sf] 5}g . s] ca dflg;sf] lbgrof{ 8/qf;d} laTg] eof] t < kSs} klg xf]Og . 3'dlkm/sf] ;+:s[lt dgf] j}1flgs x'G5 . s'g} kfs[lts ljklQ / dxfdf/Ln] dflg;sf] 3'dlkm/ ug]{ klqmof s]xL ;do /f]lsPnf t/ /f]lsb}g .

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kLtfDa/ l/hfnsf] kqsfl/tf, snfsfl/tf;Fu} uLt;+uLtsf If] qdf 5'6\6f 5'6\6} kl/ro 5 . !% jif{otf /] l8of] xf:oJo+Uo sfo{qmd ‘6f] s/L’ rnfp“b} cfpg'ePsf] 5 . nf] sbf] xf] / L uLtaf6 uLt;+uLt If] qdf cfpg'ePsf l/hfnsf xfn;Dd $& j6f uLt ahf/df cfPsf 5g\ . o; ;ftf xf:oJo+Uo / uLt;+uLt If] q;Fu ;DalGwt – ;Dkfbs /x] / l/hfn;Fu cfef; a'9fyf] sLn] ug'{ePsf] s'/ fsfgLsf] ;f/;+If] k . xF;fpg slQsf] ;lhnf] < xF;fpg] ljwf cfkm} df ufxf] 5 . km/s–km/s ljifoj:t' vf] lh/fVg'k5{ . bz{s / ;f] tfsf] dgf] lj1fgnfO{ a'em] / xf:oJo+Uo ug'{kg{] x'G5 . h:t} , /fhgLlt ga'em\g] ;f] tf 5g\ eg] pgLx?nfO{ /fhgLlts ljifodf xF;fpg ufxf] k5{ . To;sf/0f >f] tfsf] ljifoj:t'kltsf] a'emfO / hfgsf/L, dgf] lj1fgnfO{ a'em] / xf:oJo+Uo ug'{kg{] x'G5 . Psk6s xF;fO;s] sf] ljifonfO{ csf{] k6s km] l/ ;'gfP/ xF;fpg ;lsb} g . gofF–gofF ljifoj:t' / k;+u Nofpg'kg{] ePsfn] xF;fpg ;lhnf] 5} g . dxfdf/Ldf klg xf:oJo+Uo /] l8of] sfo{qmd …6f] s/LÚ lg/Gt/ rnfO/xg'ePsf] 5 . sf] / f] gfn] l;lh{t u/] sf] kl/l:yltdf dflg;nfO{ xF;fpg' / xf:oJo+Uo ug'{sf] cg'e"lt s:tf] /x\of] < clxn] sf] kl/l:yltdf xF;fpg' ufxf] sfd xf] . b] zsfnsf] kl/l:yltn] ubf{ cfkm} klg lrGtfdf ePsf] cj:yfdf x;fpg emg\ r'gf} tL ylkPsf] 5 . lrGtfnfO{ xf:oJoU+odf kl/0ft u/] / xF;fpg'kg{] ePsf] 5 . xf:oJo+Uosf nflu ljifox? sxf“ vf] Hg'x'G5 < ;fyLx?;Fu u/] sf ;Djfb, b] v] sf] b[Zo xf:oJo+Usf nflu ljifo x'g\ . 3/af6 /] l8of] , /] l8of] af6 3/ cfpFbf kms{bf klg d ljleGg ljifoj:t'af/] ;f] Rg] u5'{ . km';{bdf ;f] r] sf s'/ fx?nfO{ ljifoj:t'nfO{ hf] 8] / xf:oJo+Uo u5'{ . xf:oJo+Uo lsg h?/L 5 < dflg;x?sf b'Mv, kL8f e'nfpg xf:oJo+Uo ul/G5 . b'Mvsf] rk] 6fdf k/] sfx?nfO{ Ps} If0f eP klg dgf] / ~hg lbP/ xF;fpg ;lsG5 . b'Mvsf 3fpx? la;f{pg ;lsG5 . dflg;sf] hLjgdf uf;, jf; skf; h:t} dgf] / ~hg cfjZos 5 . xf:oJo+Uon] p7fpg] s:tf] ljifox? x'g\ < JolQm ljz] if eGbf klg ljsf; lgdf{0f, ;fdflhs, /fhgLlts If] qdf ljs[ltsf ljifo a9L p7fpg'k5{ . JolQm ljz] if /x] / xf:oJo+Uo eGbf klg ;dudf ;a} nfO{ dgf] / ~hg / ;Gb] z lbg] ljifox?df xf:oJo+Uodf ;d] l6g'k5{ . clxn] ;Dd tkfO“sf s] slt uLt;+uLt ahf/df cfPsf 5g\ < uLt;+uLtsf] ofqf nf] sbf] xf] / Laf6 z'? u/] sf] x'F . vf;u/L d] / f clxn] ;Dd nf] suLt / nf] sbf] xf] / L uLtx? ahf/df cfPsf 5g\ . klxn] Sof;] 6df uLtx? ahf/df cfpFy] . To;/L eGbf !@ j6f;Dd Sof;] 6 / $& j6f uLt ahf/df cfPsf 5g\ . ev{/ } sf] dn cf] nL lbbL / d] / f] :j/df gofF ehg uLt klg ahf/df cfpg] tof/Ldf 5 . kl5Nnf] uLt;+uLt If] qsf] cj:yf s:tf] b] Vg'x'G5 < ;'Gbf / x] bf{ /dfOnf] 5 . t/ ;i6f / ;h{sx?nfO{ Psbd} hl6n 5 . kljlw w] / } dx+uf] eO;s] sf] 5 . vlr{nf] 5 . of] If] qnfO{ g t /fHon] x] 5{ . Pp6f ;i6f / ;h{ssf] gh/af6 x] bf{ uLt;+uLt If] q lgs} dx+uf] eO;s] sf] 5 . ;duudf uLt;+uLt If] qsf] cj:yfaf/] eGg'kbf{ /fdf] 5 . s'g} eg] lgs} 8/nfUbf] klg 5 . s] xL ufos ufloOsfsf sf/0f o; If] qnfO{ x] g{] b[li6sf] 0f km] l/Psf] 5 . s] xL unt kj[lQn] uLt;+uLtnfO{ lauf/] sf] cj:yf 5 . o;nfO{ ;'wfg{sf lglDt h;n] lauf/] sf x'g\ pgLx?n] ;'wfg'{k5{ . pgLx?n] ufpF ;dfhdf ;Gb] z lbg] uLtx? ahf/df Nofpg'k5{ . ahf/df cfPsf kl5Nnf uLtx? s:tf nfU5g\ < sltn] cfkm"nfO{ lrgfpg cZnLn uLtx? klg lnP/ cfPsf 5g\ . t/ To:tf uLtx? ;w} /xFb} gg\ . tL cfpF5g\ / hfG5g\ . xfdf] ;+: sf/, ;+: s[lt / df} lnstf ga'em] sfx?n] uLt;+uLtnfO{ lauf] / sf 5g\ . t/ klg /fdf uLtx? klg ahf/df cfPsf 5g\ . ;bfaxf/ uLtx? 5g\ . h'g clxn] klg oyfl:yltdf 5g\ . snfsfl/tf If] qdf s;/L cfpg'eof] < d ;+: s[t k9] sf] dfG5] . /f] Nkfaf6 lahf} / L k9\g cfPF . ToxfF j] b k9\g'kg{] . dGqnfO{ nodf pRrf/0f u/L k9\g'kYof{] . no xfn] / dGq pRrf/0f ubf{ u'?x?n] ld7f] :j/ 5 eGg'x'GYof] . kl5–kl5 cfkm"nfO{ klg /dfOnf] nfUg yfNof] . rf;f] a9\b} uof] . bfd' d;L{km'n, ;Gtf] if >] i7nufot;Fu ;xsfo{df g] kfu~h uP/ uLt klg /] s8{ ul/of] . qmdzM uLtx? /] s8{ x'Fb} uP . egf} +

g o;tkm{ /x/n] dnfO{ o; If] qtkm{ 8f] ¥ofPsf] xf] . /, dnfO{ o; If] qdf oxfF;Dd Nofpg bfd' dl;{km'n, ofbjgfy of] uL, v8\u zdf{sf] ;fy ;xof] u 5 . snf If] qn] ;dfhnfO{ lbg] s'/ f s] xf] < ;flxTosf/x?n] /rgf u/] sf] l;h{gfx?af6 b] z kl/j{tg ePsf 5g\ . /, uLt;+uLt klg cfkm} df ;flxTo xf] . o;n] xfdLnfO{ g} ltstfsf s'/ f l;sfpF5 . unt sfd ug{ lbb} g . xfdLdf b] zelQmsf] efjgf hufpF5 . cGofodf k/] sf] dflg;x?sf nflu af] Ng l;sfpF5 . To;sf/0f uLt;+uLt / ;flxTon] ;dfhnfO{ ;w} ;sf/fTds af6f] df 8f] ¥ofpF5 . /, ;dfhnfO{ kl/jt{g ug{ ;Sg] ;fdYo{ /fV5 . df] kmf] ;nd} x/fPsf] h:tf] nfUb} g < slxn] sfxL+ nfU5 . cfkm} ;Fusf ;fyLx?n] w] / } kult ug'{ePsf] 5 . Ps lsl;dn] ;f] Rbf df] km;nd} x/fPsf] h:tf] klg nfU5 . t/ km] l/ 7Ls} u/] 5' h:tf] klg nfU5 . d To; If] qdf nfu] sf] eP uLt;+uLtd} ;Lldt x'g] lyPF . clxn] d lzIfs klg 5' . lzIf0f k] zfaf6 ljBfyL{x?nfO{ eljio lbO/x] sf] 5' . o; qmddf slt 8fS6/ ag] sf 5g\ . d} n] k9fPsf ljBfyL{x? cfh s'g} g s'g} If] qdf s] xL g s] xL ul//x] sf 5g\ . cfh pgLx? xfdLnfO{ ;Ddfg u5{g\ . of] Pp6f cfTd;Gt'li6 / uf} / jsf] s'/ f x'Fbf] / x] 5 . /, df] kmf] ;ndf eP klg x/] s jif{ s'g} g s'g} uLtx? lgsfln/x] sf] 5' . xfdf] l6d klg 5 . uLt;+uLt If] qdf nfUg sf7df8f} + hfg'k5{ eGg] klg 5} g . df] km;ndf a;] / } klg s] xL ug{ ;lsG5 . of] If] qdf nfu] / s] kfP h:tf] nfU5 < o; If] qdf nfu] / d} n] kfPsf] eg] s} dfof xf] . ljleGg d] nf dxf] T;jx?df dnfO{ dfof u/] / af] nfpg'x'G5 . s'g} 7fpFdf hfFbf dnfO{ kLtfDa/ eg] / lrGg'x'G5 . To;n] cfTdLotf a9fpF5 . s'g} 7fpFdf hfFbf kLtfDa/ cfof] eg] / lrGg'x'G5, dfof ug'{x'G5 . oxL g} d] / f] nflu v'zLsf] s'/ f xf] . s] u'dfP h:tf] nfU5 < uLt;+uLtdf nfUbf s] xL ;DklQ eg] u'dfPsf] 5' -xfF;] / _ . uLt /] s8{ ubf{ s] xL s6\7f hUuf a] Rg'k/] sf] lyof] . cfufdL of] hgf < x/] s jif{ uLt lgsfN5' . ehg lgsfNg] klxn] b] lv g} wf] sf] lyof], clxn] k"/f ePsf] 5 . uf]ljGb kf}8]n]sf] zAbdf sf]dn lbbL / d]/f] :j/df s]xL lbgleq} uLt cfpFb}5 . /, ca Pp6f :jb]z uLt ufpFnf eGg] nfu]sf] 5 . Tof] klg l56\6} k"/f xf]nf . kqsfl/tf, uLt;+uLt / xf:oJo+Uodf sfd ub{} cfO/xg'ePsf] 5 . cfkm"nfO{ lrgfp“bf s] eg] / lrgfpg'x'G5 < oL ;a} If] q Ps csf{sf kl/k"/ sw 5g\ h:tf] nfU5 . kqsfl/tf If] qdf /x] / g} uLt;+uLt / xf:oJoUo ub{} cfPsf] 5' . t/ klg d Pp6f ;+3if{/ t ;i6f ePsfn] cfkm"nfO{ bf] xf] / L ufossf ?kdf lrgfpg rfxG5' .

6«flkms kx/LnfO{ ysf{Psf] lbg d'G6f] pQ/lt/ kmsf{P/ k"j{lt/ lx8\g] x?n] klg Wofg lbPsf] b] v] + . s] xL cfZro{ xf] nf eGg] c8\sn sf6] + . d klg ;lxbu] 6sf] clns cufl8 lgdf{0ffwLg 3/sf] vfnL 7fpF;Dd k'u] + . ToxfF k'Ubf Pshgf 6«flkms kx/L ;fkfdf /l;bsf] 7] nL c8\ ofP/ s] xL n] Vg vf] Hb} lyP . ltgsf] xft /l;bdf eP klg gh/ klZrdlt/ plePsf b'O{ cwa} +;] JolQmdf lyof] . To;} n] n] Vg] tkm{ xft cl3 ;g{ ;s] gg\ . tL JolQm;Fu lg/Gt/ ;Djfbdf lyP . d pgLx?sf] cln glhs uP/ 8'n'jfsf] e] if u/] + . To;a] nf d kqsf/ lyOg, 3'dGt] ;j{;fwf/0f ag] + . uf] hLaf6 Sofd] / f klg lgsflng . cln nfd} s'/ f] x'G5 eGg] cfzn] tndfly s] xL vf] Hb} lx8] h:tf] u/] + . b'a} yl/n] d] / f] jf:tf u/] gg\ . d} n] eg] pgLx?sf] af] nL / xfjefj glhsaf6 cWoog ug{ rfx] + . b'O{ k6s hlt tndfly n/ª km/ª u/] F . d] / f] cg'dfg eGbf klxNo} ;Djfb 6'+luof] . kmf] 6} lvRg gkfO{ ;lsPkl5 d lx:; k/] +, d'xf/ eg] gh/n] lvRof] . klxnf s'/ f lvRg] clg tl:j/ lng] ;f] r km] n eof] . b'a}y/Lsf] x'lnof n]v]/ nlHht kfg{ rfxGg . Sofd/f b]vfPsf] eP kqsf/ eGg] lrGg] lyP . pgLx?sf ;+jfb csf]{lt/ df]l8g ;SYof] . pgLx?sf] kj[lQ eg] pNn]v gu/L dgn] ;~rf] lbPg . klxnf pgLx?sf] ;Djfbdf ;'g]sf zAbx? pNn]v ug{ rfxG5' . oL cIf/ dfkm{t cfkm\gf s'/f gkf]Vbf;Dd dgleq s\/' f v]ln/x] . ‘xfdL ul/jsf 5f] / f xf} F . hflu/ vfg cfPsf xf} F . xfdLn] s] xL ug{ ;Sb} gf} F . sfg'g sfof{Gjog ug] { xf] . xh'/ 7"nf] dfG5] . sf/ r9\g] dfG5] . ;a} xh'/ n] hfGg'efÚ5 ug'{;\Ú– kx/Ln] elg/x] sf lyP . nfUYof] kx/L 7"nf dfG5] af6 x] lkPsf, y] lrPsf / lg/Lx kf0fL x'g\ . ;f] emf l;wf kfP kx/Ln] bDsfpF5 . ysf{pF5 / x] K5 eGg] ;dfhdf Jofks 5 . g;s] / xf] of cfkm\gf] cg'zf;g / dof{bfdf /x] / pgLx?n] ToxfF To:tf] an b] vfPgg\ . ‘tkfOF ug'{;\ . s] ug{ ;Sg'x'G5 < tkfOF sfg'g ePsf] , xltof/ ePsf] dfG5] . h] ug{ ;Sg'x'G5 ug'{;\ .Ú tL JolQmn] kx/LnfO{ hjfkm kmsf{P . ltgsf] egfOdf bDe lyof] . 3d08 lyof] . nfUYof] sdfOsfh ePsf / dflyNnf] tx;Dd kx'Fr k'Ug ;Sg] JolQm x'g\ . ;fob clxn] cfkm\gf] cg's"nsf] pkNnf] tx gePsfn] km'lt{ nufpg] 7fpF gePsf] s'07f kf] lvof] ] . cyjf kx/Lsf] st} b'Jo{jxf/ em] n] sf] x'gfn] gkTofP/} ljjfb u/] sf x'g\ . ‘d s] xL ulb{g xh'/ . xh'/ n] ;Sg' x'G5 . h] –h] ug'{x'G5 ug'{;\ . d dfly hfx] / u5{' . pt} hfd ToxL+ ug'{xf] nf . xfdL ;Sb} gf} + xh'/ . kl/jf/ kfNgnfO{ hfuL/ vfg cfPsf ;fdfGo dfG5] xf} + .Ú ‘xfdLn] lng] klg xf] Og . sfg'g sfof{Gjog ug{ /l;b sf6\g] xf] .Ú ;fob kx/Lsf] of] egfOdf tL JolQmsf] kTof/ lyPg . af] nLdf ljZjf; u/] gg\ . ‘sf6\g';\ s] sf6\g; /l;b sf6\g;\ n} hfg';\ t eGof 5' . h;/L klg emfg] { sfd t xf] . n} hfg';\ .Ú o;/L s'/ f a6fl//x] sf

uf] ljGb v8\sf

lyP . hl/jfgf ltg'{kgf{sf] c;xdlt JoQm ul//x] . tL sf/jfnfnfO{ lrQ a'emfP/ kx/Ln] hl/jfgf ug{ klg ;s] gg\ . 3f] / fxLsf] dxTjk"0f{ rf] s ;lxb u] 6 glhs x\jLn ns u/] sf] sf/ Tolts} dfkm ug{ klg ;lhnf] lyPg . w] / } df] 6/;fOsnx?n] jfr ul//x] sf lyP . pgLx?aLrsf] lg0f{o klv{/ x] sf lyP . c6] / u/] / sf/n] lt/] g eg] 7"nfa8fnfO{ gnfUg] sfg'g eg] / ltgn] cy{ nufpg] lyP . an u/L lt/fpg] xf] cfkm"nfO{ s] xL e} kf] xfNg] xf] ls eGg] kx/Ldf qf; b] lvGYof] . pgn] cfkm"eGbf tNnf] bhf{sf] 6«flkms kx/LnfO{ lx8\g cfb] z u/] . tL kx/Ln] sf/sf] 6fo/df cNemfPsf] ns lgsfn] . df] 6/;fOsn rnfP / b'a} kx/L lxF8] . pgLx?nfO{ k5\ofpFb} Tof] sf/ klg ;lxb u] 6af6 d] g/f] 8 x'Fb} k"j{ 6«flkms sfof{no ePsf] :yfglt/ s'b\of] . d] / f b'O{ uf] 8fn] kx/Lsf] afOs / tL nfd} ljjfb em] n] sf eb JolQmsf] sf/ k5\ofpg ;Sb} gYof] . pgLx?n] s6x/ a'6f kf/ gub} { d] / f] dg eg] uf] UnL k'Uof] . ToxfF s] xL dlxgfcl3 6«flkms / c6f] rfnssf] ljjfb ePsf] lyof] . l8p6Ldf v6] sf 6«flkms kx/Ln] /l;b gsf6] / } c6f] af6 k} ;f c;'n] elgPsf] lyof] . Tof] s'/ f p7fPkl5 tL kx/Ln] Odfgbf/Ltfsf ;fy k} ;f lkmtf{ u/] / kx/L ;+u7gsf] OHht hf] ufPsf lyP . lar/f c6f] rfnsaf6 /sd vfg vf] h] kl5 cfkm\gf] Odfg eg] arfPgg\ . tL c6f] rfnsnfO{ nfd} ;do cNemfPsf lyP . w] / } kof; u/] / c6f] rfnssf] k} ;f c;'n] . /l;b klg lbPgg\ . c6f] rfnsn] ;xL ;dodf l/kf] 6{ u/] kl5 cfkm\gf] /sd lkmtf{ NofP . t/ sf/jfnfnfO{ /l;b sf6] / /sd lng klg 6«flkms kx/Ln] ;s] gg\ . o:tf lje] bn] ljbf] x hGdfpF5 . csf] { s'/ f sf/ r9\g] x?n] pkNnf] lgsfo;Fusf] kxF'rsf cfwf/df tNnf] bhf{sf] kx/LnfO{ ;tfpF5g\ . ;?jf ug] {, sf/jfxLdf kfg] { / hflu/ vfOlbg] ;Ddsf 36gf x'G5g\ . ljr/fsf] kl/jf/ kfNg] ;kgf / cfkm\gf] eljio 8fdf8f] n x'G5 . k"/ f ;+jfb ;'Gg gkfPkl5 ;lxb u] 6sf] ;dfrf/ aGg ;s] g . uNtL :jLsf/] / ;RofPkl5 uf] UnLsf] klg ;dfrf/ ag] g . s;} sf] lhGbuLdf wSsf nufpg] s'lgot d} n] slxNo} /flvg . /fVb} g klg . s;} sf] 8/ wDsL / knf] egn] uNtL n'sfpg klg ;lsGg . JolQm eGbf kj[lQ 7"nf] s'/ f xf] . xfdf Jojxf/n] c?sf] lhGbuLdf vf] 6 nufpg'x'Gg . kx/LnfO{ ysf{P/ sfg'gsf] pNn+3g ug'{ unt xf] . wgL, g] tf, kqsf/, sd{rf/L s;} n] klg sfg'g pNn+3g ug'{x'Gg . kfngf ug] { / u/fpg] b'a} sf] bfloTjn] zflGt cdgr} g x'G5 . lgod sfg'g pNn+3g ug] {nfO{ kb klti7fn] hf] ufpg'x'Gg . /l;b gsf6] / k} ;f c;'nL ug'{ klg clgoldttf Pj+ ei6frf/ xf] . uNtL u/] / hl/jfgf ltb} {g eGg' klg a] OdfgL xf] . o:tf b'a} untaf6 rf] lvg x/kof; ug} {k5{ . sfg'g sfof{Gjog u/fpg l8p6Ldf vl6Psf 6«flkms kx/LnfO{ ysf{Psf] lbgn] 3f] lr/x] sf] 5 .

sljtf

sf]/f]gf / dfG5] slxn]sfxL+ nfU5 sltko xfdf k'vf{ 8fS6/sf klg 8fS6/ y] eGy]– z/L/+ Joflw dlGb/d\ -z/L/ /f]usf] 3/ xf]_ cfh sf]/f]gf z/L/df k;]/ xfxfsf/ dRrfO/x]5 . ± ± xfdLleq} 5 laif xfdLleq} laifsf] Joj:yfkg 5 xfdL cfkm} laifsf pTkfbs qm]tf / laqm]tf xfdL cfkm} lav nfu] ;a} d5{g\ xfdf b]ptf uP– aXdf lai0f' lzj uP /fd, s[i0f a'4 uP ± ± t/ cfhsf] dfG5] cd/Tjsf] a'6L vf]Hb}5 slxNo} gd?Fnf h:tf] u5{ ug'{ gug'{ u5{ ;]tf]nfO{ sfnf] kf5{ sfnf]nfO{ ;]tf] ;Kk} lgod ldr]sf] 5 x'g gx'g' ;a} ePs} 5 Û ± ± af}nfxf xfQL xf] ls dfG5] < af}nfxf s's'/ xf] ls dfG5] < /fIf; xf] ls dfG5] < bfgj xf] ls dfG5] < eGg] u5{– ljZj ljh]tf d} x'F k/df0f' c:q 5 d'¶Ldf ;+;f/ v/fgL kfg{ ;Sg] ljZjsf] rqmjtL{ aGg ;Sg] ± ± t/ nfrf/ 5 dfG5] cfh p;nfO{ sf]/f]gfn] nv]6]sf] 5 dfG5]leq} k:of] sf]/f]gf p;sf] ;f;} sf]/f]gfdo ePsf] 5 p;sf] cË} sf]/f]gfdo 5 lsË ld8f; eGbf vt/gfs 5 sf]/f]gf ld8f;n] 5'Fbf dfq} h8–wft' aGYof] dfG5] ;'g aGYof] dfG5] ± ± sf]/f]gfn] 5'g' kb}{g Zjf; kmflnlbP k'U5 Zjf; ;fl/lbP k'U5 s] yfxf 5 < of] Wjlgaf6 ;g{ ;S5 xfjfdf k:g ;S5 s0f–s0fdf k:g ;S5 ± ± ks[ltn] /f]u klg hGdfPsf] 5 /f]usf] cf}iflw klg hGdfPsf] 5 Tof] xfdLleq} 5 kTo]s dfG5]leq 5 /f]u lg/f]ws Ifdtf ;a}leq 5 ckzf]r Û xfdf] Ifdtf;Fu a]va/ 5f}+ sf]/f]gfn] cftlÍt 5f}+ xfdLn] /f]u kfn]sf 5f}+ kmf]xf]/ hDdf u/]sf 5f}+ laiffbL vfgf laiffbL gfgfrfrf laiffbL jftfj/0f laiffbL dg laiffbL sd{ laiffbL jrg ± ± sf]/f]gfsf] cf}iflw aGnf km]l/ cs}{ sf]/f]gf hGd]nf sf]/f]gf hGdfpg] klg dfG5] sf]/f]gf dfg]{ klg dfG5] :jo+ sf]/f]gf dfG5] .

u gf/fo0fk;fb zdf{

dgsf] pb\uf/ lsg xf] lsg ljut dgel/ plDn/xFbf lgs} pb] s nfUg] u5{ cr] n– ca t, nfn;nfd / sd/] 8df ;Lldt x'g] eof] -g] skf_ s:tf] lgi7"/ eP/ cfpFbf] / x] 5 ;do klg æ;kgf ;a} p8fof] x'l/n] Æ eg] em} ;'Gb/ ;kgf b] Vg] oL cfFvfx¿ s'?k tl:a/ dfq b] lv/x] 5g\ htftt} . slt /fdf lyP tL ;fgf em'UuL em'k8Ldf /ft sf6] sf ;dox? dL7f] dfgL–dfgL bl/of eft vfP/ c3fPsf k] 6x? æåGåfTds P] ltxfl;s ef} ltsjfbÆ Snf; lnb} ubf{ /ftdf ;'Gb/ h"g pbfpg] s'/ f lyP efOrf/fsf ;DaGw Ps x'g] s'/ f lyP obfsbf ;'/ Iffsf] nflu b} nf] leq kj] z ubf{ uj{n] 5ftL km'Ng] uYof{] sl;nf xft ldnfpFbf 7"n} o'4 lht] em} nfUYof] ;fob ca slxNo} kms{b} gg\ h:tf] eP/ uP ;dox? ;fob kms{b} gg\ xf] nf tL /ftf ;'lsnf laxfgLsf s'/ fx¿ klg . yfxf kfpg] ePb] lv nf] lePsf] lyof] dg qmdeË x'Fb} uP ;do klg ca t– xfdL pQ/f4{df lx+l8/x] sfx?;Fu xf] : 6] / x} +;] afx] s c? s] xL 5} g .

u lul//fh zdf{

CMYK

@)&& ;fn ;fpg #! ut] zlgjf/

(Aug. 15, 2020)

:yfgLo ljB'tdf Ifdtf sd a/fx If]q vfg]kfgLdf gofF“ sfo{;ldlt kflws/0fdf ufxs sd q hodfg a'9f du/ ?s'd -k"j{_, #) ;fpg . l;:g] ufp“kflnsf–% / ^ df ut kmfu'g !$ ut] af6 g] kfn ljB't kflws/0fsf] ljB't cfP klg kflws/0fsf] ufxs Go"g /x] sf 5g\ . ?s'd klZrd af“kmLsf] 6 ufp“kflnsf–! nfluddf /x] sf] n3' hnljB'tsf ufxs /x] sf 5g\ . ut kmfu'g !$ ut] af6 s] GbLo nfOg ?s'dsf] 6df cfOk'u] klg xfn ;Dd kflws/0fsf] ufxsdf l;:g] –^ vf] kLrf/df ^) 3/w'/ L / j8f gDa/ % / ^ sf] ?s'dsf] 6df sl/a #) 3/w'/ L u/L xfn;Dd sl/a () 3/w'/ L dfq g] kfn ljB't kflws/0fsf] ufxs /x] sf g] kfn ljB't kflws/0f ?s'dk"j{ sfof{nosf kd'v o'j/fh /fjnn] atfpg'eof] . ?s'dsf] 6;Dd s] GbLo nfOg cfO;s] sf] n] :yfgLo / ljleGg sfof{non] lhNnf kflws/0f sfof{nodf cfP/ ufxs kmf/fd e/] / kflws/0fsf] ufxs aGg] kd'v /fjtn] hfgsf/L lbg'eof] . xfn ?s'dsf] 6 ahf/ If] q aGb} uPsf] / ljB'tsf] vkt klg al9/x] sf] n] nfludsf] ljB't Ifdtfn] wflg /fv] sf] 5} g t/ klg g] kfn ljB't kflws/0fsf] nfOg ufx{: y Pj+ sfof{nosfn]

s] GbLo nfOgsf] ufxs Go"g alg/x] sf] kflws/0f ?s'dk"j{n] hgfPsf] 5 . ! b] lv !) o'lg6;Ddsf] kf“r PlDko/sf ufx{: y ufxsnfO{ #) ?k} of“ dx;'n /x] sf] 5 eg] !! o'lg6b] lv @) o'lg6 vkt ePdf klt o'lg6 tLg ?k} oF“sf b/n] dx;'n nfUg] 5 . o;} u/L !% PlDko/sf nflu ! b] lv !) o'lg6;Ddsf] nflu Go"gtd z'Ns %) ?k} of“sf] ;fydf klto'lg6 rf/ ?k} of“sf b/n] dx;'n nfUg] 5 . o;} ksf/n] PlDko/sf] Ifdtf;“u} ljB't vkt ePsf] o'lg6sf] cfwf/df dx;'n lgwf{/ 0f ul/Psf] 5 . xfn;Dd ufx{:y ufxsx¿df kf“r PlDko/ Ifdtfsf] ljB't h8fg /x]sf]df Ps dlxgfe/Ldf s;}sf]df klg !) o'lg6 eGbf dfly ljB't vkt gePsf]n] klt3/w'/Ln] Ps dlxgfdf #) ?k}of“ dfq ljB't dx;'n cfpg] u/]sf] 5 . s]GbLo nfOg lj:tf/sf] sfd lhDdf kfPsf 7]s]bf/n] sfd wdfwd ul//x]sfn] rfn' cfly{s jif{df e"d] ufp“kflnsfsf] d'Vo If]q / gof“ cfly{s jif{df k'yfpQ/u+uf ufp“kflnsfsf] d'Vo If]qdf nfOg k'¥ofog] nIf /x]sf] lhNnf kflws/0f ?s'dk"js { f kd'v /fjtn] hfgsf/L lbg'eof] .

3f] / fxL, #) ;fpg -o';_– 3f] / fxL pkdxfgu/kflnsf j8f g+= !# / !^ df vfg] kfgL ljt/0f ub} { cfPsf] a/fx If] q vfg] kfgL pkef] Qmf tyf ;/;kmfO ;ldltdf gof“ g] t[Tj rog ePsf] 5 . nfdf] ;dob] lv ljjflbt aGb} cfPsf] ;ldltnfO{ ;j{kIfLo P+j ;j{bnLo9+uaf6 gof“ ;ldlt lgdf{0f ul/Psf] 5. g]kfnL sf+u];sf] tkm{af6 cWoIfdf kltlglwTj x'g] u/L kf“rhgf / g]kfn sDo'lgi6 kf6L{ g]skfsf] tkm{af6 pkfWoIf;lxt ^ hgf /xg] u/L vfg]kfgLdf gof“ ;ldlt rog ePsf] xf] . cWoIfdf ;ldltsf] uf]s0f{ lu/L, pkfWoIfdf OGbfs'df/L a'9f du/, ;lrjdf b]pdg bdfO{, sf]iffWoIfdf

kd'v dxfgu/kflnsfsf g?nfn rf}w/Ln] vfg]kfgL ;ldltn] ca pkef]QmfnfO{ s;/L ;'/lIft kfgL k'¥ofpg] eGg] d} Wofg s]lGbt ug{ ;'emfj lbg'eof] . ;fdflhs ;]jfefjn] o:tf ;+:yfx?nfO{ cl3 a9fpg'kg]{ pxf“sf] egfO lyof] . sfo{qmddf ljleGg /fhgLlts bn, ;fdflhs ;+3;+:yfsf kltlglwx?n] gof“ sfo{;ldltnfO{ awfO{ / z'esfdgf lbb} ;'/lIft kfgL ljt/0fdf Wofg s]lGbt ug{ ;'emfj lbPsf lyP .

bL3{/fh ef/tL /xg'ePsf] 5 . To;}u/L ;b:ox?df s]zaxfb'/ 3tL{, e]if/fh kf08], zfGtf rf}w/L, t]haxfb'/ yfkf, uLtf yfkf, cho bnf{dL / k]d a'9f /xg'ePsf] 5 . j8f g+= !# sf cWoIf /ljnfn 3tL{sf] cWoIftfdf sfo{qmd u/L ;ldltsf ;+:yfks Pj+ kb]z;ef ;b:o cd/axfb'/ 8f“uLn] kbflwsf/L / ;b:ox?nfO{ kb tyf uf]kgLotfsf] zkyux0f u/fpg'eof] . pxf“n] gful/sx?nfO{ ;'/lIft / lbuf]?kdf kfgL v'jfpg] ljifodf Wofg s]lGbt ug{ ;'emfj lbg'eof] . ldn]/} ljsf; x'g] eGb} pxf“n] ca ;ldlt ;~rfng / pkef]QmfnfO{ kfgL v'jfpg] ljifodf /fhgLlt gug{ cfux ug{e ' of] . 3f]/fxL pk–

df]xLsf] xsbfaL ug{ cfpg]af/] e"ld;'wf/ tyf dfnkf]t sfof{no bfªsf] ;"rgf † d] / f] gfddf btf{ >] : tf ePsf] tkl;n adf] lhdsf] lsQf hUufsf] df] xL bfª 3f]/fxL p=d=g=kf=–!* cDafk'/ ufpF a:g] uf]/] yf?n] hUuf ef] u ug{ 5f] 8L kl/jf/ ;lxt a;fO{;/fO{ u/L cGoq uPsf] sf/0f cfkm\gf] hUuf cfkm} + 3/ v]tLdf sdfO{ cfPsf]n] lgh df]xL uf]/] yf?sf] gfd df] xL nutaf6 s6fOkfpF egL bfª 3f]/fxL p=d=g=kf= j8f g+= !* cDafk'/ ufpF a:g] ;/:jtL k'gn] o; sfof{nodf lgj] bg btf{ u/fO{ ;gfvt u/] sf] cfwf/df df] xL uf]/] yf?sf] gfddf hf/L ePsf] !% lbg] Dofb j]kQ] eGg] Aoxf] / faf6 tfd] nL eO cfPsf], a'lemPsf] ufpF ;h{ldgaf6 df]xL a;fO;/fO{ u/L cg]q uPsf] b]lvg cfPsf] / ldlt @)&&.)#.!* df ksflzt df] xL xsbfjL ;DaGwL #% lbg] ;fj{hlgs ;"rgfsf] xs Dofbleq sf] xL s;} sf] xs bfjL ph'/ L kg{ gcfPsf] n] clGtd k6s ljz] if cbfnt P] g @)%( sf] bkmf !)-(_ adf] lhd of] #) lbg] df] xL xsbfjL u/L cfpg] af/] sf] ;fj{hlgs ;"rgf ksflzt ul/Psf] 5 . tkl;nsf lsQf hUufdf df] xL df] xLsf kl/jf/ jf xs nfUg] cGo sf] xL s;} sf] hf] tef] u eP jf df] xLsf] gfd nutaf6 s§f x'g' gkg] { s'g} dgfl;a sf/0f eP of] ;"rgf ksflzt ePsf] ldltn] #) lbgleq ;a't kdf0f;lxt e"ld;'wf/ sfof{no bfªdf xsbfaL ph'/ L ug{ cfkm} jf sfg'g adf] lhd jf/]; clVtof/ u/L k7fpg'xf] nf . cGoyf dfu bfaL adf] lhd df] xLsf] gfd df] xLsf] nutaf6 s§f e} hfg] Joxf] / f hfgsf/L u/fOG5 .

btf{jfnfsf] gfd, y/ ;/:jtL k'g

tkl;n

uf=lj=;= j8f g+= lsQf g+= 3f/fxL %v !$#*

If]qkmn !%#=))

df]xLsf] gfd, y/ uf]/] yf? 3f]/fxL–!* cDafk'/, bfª

ljZjJofkL?kdf km} lnPsf] sf] le8–!( -sf] / f] gf /f] u_ sf] pRr hf] lvd ;d"xdWo] ue{jtL dlxnf, ;'Ts] / L dlxnf / gjhft lzz' klg x'g, To;} n] ue{jtL dlxnf, ;'Ts] / L dlxnf / gjhft lzz'sf] :jf:Yofj:yfdf ljz] if Wofg lbcf} + . l uef{j:yf Ps ljz] if cj:yf xf] . uef{j:yfdf ljz] if x] / rfx / :ofxf/ gu/] df cfdf / aRrf b'a} nfO{ hf] lvd x'g ;S5 . l ue{jtL ePsf] rf} yf] , 5} 7f} +, cf7f} + / gjf} + dlxgfdf slDtdf rf/k6s ue{hfFr u/fpg' kb{5 . l uef{j:yfdf pkrf/sf] nflu k} ;fsf] Joj:yf ug] {, cfsl:ds cj:yfdf oftfoft ;fwgsf] Joj:yf ug] {, ;'Ts] / L u/fpg] :jf:Yo ;+: yf jf bIf k;"tLsdL{sf] klxrfg ug] { / cfsl:ds cj:yfdf /ut lbg ;Sg] tLghgf dflg;sf] Joj:yf ug'{kb{5 . l ue{jtL dlxnfsf] 6fpsf] ;fx} b'v] df, xftv'§f c//f] eO{ sfd 5'6] df jf d'5f{ k/] df, cfFvf lt/ld/fP/ wldnf] b] Vg] ePsf, xftv'§f jf cg'xf/ ;'lGgPdf, tNnf] k] 6 s8f;Fu b'v] df, of] gLaf6 clnslt klg /ut b] vf k/] df jf au] df / aRrf @$ 306fdf !) k6seGbf sd rn] df t'?Gt} :jf:Yo ;+: yfdf k] if0f ug'{kb{5 . l :jf:Yo ;+: yfdf g} k;"tL u/fpg hfg'kb{5 h;n] ubf{ cfdf / lzz' b'a} :j:y x'g ;S5g\ . cfDbf dfOG8\; hfkfgsf] cfly{s ;xof] udf cfDbf g] kfn dft[lzz' :jf:Yo kl/of] hgf / u9jf ufpFkflnsf u9jf, bfªåf/f hglxtdf hf/L ;Gb] z From the People of Japan

u9jf ufpFkflnsf, bfª

nfO{;]G; x/fPsf] ;"rgf † d] / f] lgDg Joxf] / fsf] nfO{;] G; ldlt @)&& c;f/ @% ut] sf lbg /fdLaf6 t'n;Lk'/ tkm{ hfFb} ubf{ x/fPsf] x'Fbf km] nf kfg'{x'g] dxfg'efjn] glhssf] kx/L sfof{no jf lgDg 7] ufgfdf ;Dks{ u/L lbg'xf] nf . gfd M gj/fh ;]g nfO;]G; g+= M )(–)#!^&% 7]ufgf M wgafª–( xfnMsk'/sf]6 uf=kf= $, ;Nofg ;Dks{ g+= M (*)^@%%!$)

em\ofnsf] nflu Knfli6ssf] dR5/ hfnL tyf sfk]{6 kbf{x?

x]lnsf]K6/af6 p4f/ u/]sf] lyof] . rf/hgf rf}tf/f c:ktfn / PshgfnfO{ sf7df8f}s + f] l;len xl:k6n k7fOPsf] l8P;kL sfkm\n]n] hfgsf/L lbg'eof] . of] ;efd'v ;fksf]6fsf] lhNnf xf] . z'qmaf/ laxfg ;f9] ^ ah]lt/ j:tLdflysf] 8f“8f] efl;Pkl5 !# 3/ k"/} k'l/Psf / slDtdf #) 3/df cf+lzs Iflt k'u]sf] ufp“kflnsfsf of]hgf clws[t /fdafa' g]kfnn] hfgsf/L lbg'eof] . klx/f]af6 !% hgf eg] ;s'zn aflx/ lg:sg ;kmn ePsf] pxf“n]

hfgsf/L lbg'eof] . o;}aLr sfnLsf]6sf] dxfj} ufp“kflnsf–# gs'df klx/f]n] 3/ k'l/bf 5hgfsf] d[To' ePsf] 5 . laxLaf/ /flt ;f9] !@ ah] j8f ;b:o /fhaxfb'/ lji6sf] 3/ klx/f]n] k'l/bf lji6sf b'O{ 5f]/fx? !# jifL{o k'ik lji6 / !! jifL{o kjL0f lji6, 5f]/Lx? !* jifL{of ;lagf lji6 / !% jifL{of cfzf lji6, j8f ;b:o /fhaxfb'/sf bfh' l8naxfb'/ lji6sf 5f]/Lx? !( jifL{of zflGt lji6 / !) jifL{of /]vf lji6sf] d[To' ePsf] l8P;kL Zofdafa' cf]lnofn] hfgsf/L lbg'eof] .

bfªdf===

u/fpg] lg0f{o u/] sf] 5. a} 7sn] lhNnfdf ;a} vfn] ultljlwnfO{ cg'udg ug{sf nflu lhNnf kzf;g sfof{no, lhNnf kx/L sfof{no, pBf] u jfl0fHo ;+3, r] Da/, g] kfn kqsf/ dxf;+3, :jf:Yo sfof{no, :yfgLo txx?;lxtsf] lhNnf cg'udg ;ldlt klg u7g u/] sf] 5 . :yfgLo afl;Gbf, hgkltlglw / kx/Ln] 36gf:ynaf6 d[tssf] zj lgsfn]sf] l8P;kL cf]lnofn] atfpg'eof] .

ufpF sfo{kflnsfsf] sfof{no

kmf?nfrf}/, ;Nofg s0ff{nL kb]z, g]kfn

afn'jf lu§L ljqmLsf] b/efp ;DaGwL ;"rgf † kyd k6s ksflzt ldlt @)&&.)$.#) :yfgLo ;/sf/ ;+rfng P] g, @)&$ sf] bkmf !! 3 -!_, 3 -@_, 3 -^_ ;d] tdf ePsf] Joj:yf, kf/lDes jftfj/0fLo k/LIf0f (IEE) kltj] bg tyf o; ufpFkflnsfsf] ufpF sfo{kflnsfsf] lg0f{ofg';f/ b] xfosf zLif{sx?df /fh:j c;"nL ;DaGwL sfd cf=j= @)&&÷)&* sf] nflu 7] Ssf4f/f u/fpg of] ;"rgf ksflzt ul/Psf] 5 . ;"rgf ksflzt ePsf] ldltn] tf] lsPsf] Dofbleq sfg"gL klqmof k"/ f u/] sf of] Uo kmd{x?n] b/efpkq vl/b u/L b] xfosf] ldlt / ;doleq b/efpkq o; sfof{nodf k] z ug'{x'g cg'/ f] w 5 . ;fy} o; sfof{nosf] j]j;fO{8 WWW.darmamun.gov.np df klg x] g{ ;Sg' x'g] 5 . cGo yk hfgsf/Lsf nflu sfof{no ;do leq sfof{nodf ;Dks{ /fVg ;lsg] 5 . cfGtl/s cfo 7]Ssf ljj/0f cfo 7]Ssf g+= DRM/ IR/01/077-078/

cfosf] ljj/0f

bfdf{ ufpFkflnsfsf] If]qflwsf/leq kg]{ df;'uf/ vf]nf If]q (IEE) df pNn]lvt If]qx?af6 afn'jf, lu§L pTkfbg÷laqmL z'Ns_ .

cf=j= @)&&÷)&* sf laqmL tyf lgsf;L nflu sfodg Go"gtd b/ jftfj/0f z'Ns -d'=c=s/ afx]s_ ;lxt klt So" lkm6 ?= @,))))).–

?= @

hdfgt /sd

la8j08 /sd

%,))).– saf]n c+ssf] % kltzt

?= !))).–

bfdf{ ufpFkflnsfsf] If]qflwsf/leq kg]{ bfdf{ vf]nf ?= !,))))).– ?= @ saf]n @,%))).– ?= !))).– If]q (IEE) df pNn]lvt If]qx?af6 afn'kf, lu§L c+ssf] pTkfbg÷laqmL z'Ns_ . % kltzt lznaGbL b/efpkq ;DaGwL zt{x? M != b/efpkq cjlw cf=j= @)&&÷)&* cfiff9 d;fGt;Dd /xg] 5 . t/ 7] Ssfdf dfn ;dfgsf] kl/df0f Plsg ePsf] / kl/df0f cg';f/ s} 7] Ssf c+s sfod ul/Psf] n] cfjZos klqmof k"/ f u/L pQm kl/df0f ;f] eGbf sd cjlwdf klg ljqmL lgsf;L ug{ ;lsg] ] 5 . ;fy} kl/df0fsf cfwf/df 7] Ssf ;Demf} tf x'g] ePsf] n] aGb x8tfn cflbsf sf/0f sfd ;'rf? gePsf] cj:yfdf s'g} klg lsl;dsf] Ifltk"lt{ bfjL ug{ kfOg] 5} g . IEE kltj] bgn] lgif] w u/] sf] cjlw tyf gbL If] qaf6 ;fduL pTvgg ug{ kfOg] 5} g . #= dfly pNn] lvt ;a} 7] Ssfx? saf] n c+ssf] yk d"No clej[l4 s/ -!# kltzt_ /fhZj 7] Ssf lng] kmd{n] ;DalGwt cfGtl/s /fhZj sfof{nodf a'emfO{ ;f] sf] kdf0f o; sfof{nodf k] z ug'{kg] {5 . %= krlnt P] g adf] lhd saf] n u/] sf] /sd Psd'i7 cuLd a'emfPdf % kltzt;Dd /sd 5'6 lbg ;lsg] 5 . lgodfg';f/ nfUg] d"=c=s/ kof] hgsf] nflu eg] 5'6 lbOg] 5} g . af] nkq vl/b ubf{ lgodfg';f/ nfUg] b:t'/ afktsf] /sd o; sfof{nosf] gljn a} +s kmf?nfrf} / df /x] sf sfof{nosf] ;+lrt vftf g+= )&#)!)!&%))@(! df bflvnf ug'{ kg] {5 . ^= sf/0f hgfO{ jf ghgfO{ jf] nkq :jLs[t ug] { jf gug] { clwsf/ o; sfof{nodf ;'/ lIft /xg] 5 . &= af] nkq lb+bf s'g} lsl;dsf] zt{ dfGo x'g] 5} g . ;fy} /Lt gk'uL cfPsf] af] nkq pk/ s'g} sf/jfxL x'g] 5} g . *= af] nkqdf s'g} ljjfb ePdf bfdf{ ufpF sfo{kflnsfsf] lg0f{o clGtd x'g] 5 . (= b/efpkq k] z ubf{ ?= &,%)). -;ft xhf/ kfFr ;o dfq_ w/f} 6Ldf cfpg] /sd o; ufpFkflnsfsf] glan a}+s bfdf{ zfvfsf] w/f} 6L vftf g+= )&#)!)!&%))@() df hDdf u/L ;f] sf] ;Ssn ef} r/ jf g] kfn /fi6« a} +saf6 -s_ ju{sf] Ohfht kfKt jfl0fHo a}+ saf6 o; sfof{nosf] gfddf hf/L ePsf] slDtdf !@) lbg Dofb ePsf] ;Ssn j} +s Uof/] G6L lj8jG8 b/efpkq ;fy k] z ug'{ kg] { 5 . !)= pk/f] Qm 7] Ssfsf] nflu ;"rgf ksflzt ePsf] ldltn] !% cf} + lbg;Dd sfof{no ;doleq af] nkq vl/b u/L !^ cf} + lbgsf] !@M)) ah] leq o; sfof{nodf lznaGbL af] nkq a'emfpg' kg] {5 . kfKt af] nkqx? ;f] xL lbg lbgsf] @M)) jh] bfdf{ ufpF sfo{kflnsfsf] sfof{nodf vf] lng] 5 . !!= afn'jf lu§Lsf] pTkfbg tyf laqmL ljt/0f afktsf] b/ ufpF sfo{kflnsfn] tf] s] adf] lhd x'g] 5 . !@= af] nkq kmf/fdx? vl/b ug] {, bflvnf ug] {, vf] Ng] lbg ;fj{hlgs ljbf k/] df qmdzM ;f] sf] ef] lnkN6 ;f] xL ;dodf vl/b, btf{ tyf vf] Ng] sfo{ ul/g] 5 . !#= o; ;"rgfdf pNn] v ePsf zt{x?sf cltl/Qm af] nkq ;fy ;+nUg ul/Psf] cfo 7] Ssf ;DaGwL cGo zt{x?sf kTo] s aF'bfx? o;} ;"rgfsf zt{ ;/x nfu' x'g] 5 . !$= o; ;"rgf tyf af] nkq ;fy ;+nUg cGozt{x? k"/ f gePsf af] nkqx? d"Nof+sgdf ;dfj] z ul/g] 5} g . !%= cGo s'/ fx? g] kfn ;/sf/sf] krlnt P] g sfg"g adf] lhd x'g] 5 . lznaGbL b/efpkq ;DaGwL cGo zt{x? M != klxnf] ls:tf afktsf] /sd sfof{nosf] ljefHosf] if vftfdf hDdf ePkl5 dfq lznaGbL sf] 6]zg ;Demf} tf ul/g] 5 . @= cfo /sdsf] e'QmfgL tflnsf b] xfo adf] lhd x'g] 5 .

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E-mail: ctevtrtsdang@gmail.com, Web:www.rts.org.np

kyd k6s ksflzt ldlt M @)&&.)$.#!

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pk/f] Qm ;DjGwdf /fKtL kfljlws lzIffnosf] cf=j= @)&&÷&* sf] nflu ldlt @)&&.)$.!# ut] ;'/ Iff uf8{ cfk"lt{ ;DjGwL gofF o'uaf] w /fli6«o b} lgs 3f] / fxL bfªaf6 ksfzg ul/Psf] ;"rgf cg';f/ tf] lsPsf] Dofbleq btf{ x'g cfPsf lznjGbL b/ efpkqx? dWo] tkl;n adf] lhdsf] af] nkqbftf >d P] g cg';f/ kefjufxL eO{ :jLs[ltsf nflu 5gf]6 ePsf] n] ;DjlGwt ;j} b/ efpkqbftfx?nfO{ hfgsf/Lsf] nflu of] ;"rgf ksfzg ul/Psf] 5 . ;fy} of] ;"rgf ksflzt ldltn] ;ft lbgleq ;Demf} tf ug{ cfpFbf jflif{s ?kdf cfkm"n] sjf] n u/] sf] s"n hDdf /sdsf] @=% kltzt /sd hdfgt jfkt o; /fKtL kfljlws lzIffnosf] gfddf /f=jf= a} +s zfvf sfof{no ndxLdf /x] sf] r=lx=g+= $@())))#^&)! df gub hDdf u/] sf] a} +s ef} r/ k] z u/] sf] x'g'kg] { 5 . tkl;n M l;= 5gf]6 ePsf] af]nkqtfbfsf] g+= gfd / 7]ufgf ! >L l8nS; ;]So"l/6L ;le{; kf=ln= ;'s]wf/f, sf7df8f}+

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saf]n c+ssf] %) kltztn] x'g cfpg] /sd .

#= 7] Ssf saf] n ug] { 7] s] bf/n] bfdf{ ufpFkflnsfn] tf] s] sf] s/ p7fpFbf kof] u ug] { laqmL tyf lgsf;L tkm{sf /l;bx? 7] s] bf/n] cfˆgf] tkm{af6 5'§f5'§} 5kfO{+ pQm /l;bx? o; sfof{noaf6 kdfl0ft u/fO{ kof] u ug'{kg] {5 . kdfl0ft gu/] sf] /l;baf6 s/ p7fPsf] kfOPdf lgodfg';f/ sf/jfxL ul/g] 5 . $= dfly zt{ g+= # df pNn] v ul/Psf /l;bx?af6 cfDbfgL ul/Psf] /sd laqmLdf d"=c=s/sf] lx;fa lgsfNgsf] nflu /l;b g+= sf] qmd cg';f/ n] vf+sg u/L vftf / /l;b jflif{s ?kdf bfdf{ ufpFkflnsfdf a'emfpg' kg] {5 . %= 7] Ssfdf s'g} ljjfb ePdf bfdf{ ufpF sfo{kflnsfsf] sfof{nosf] lg0f{o clGtd x'g] 5 . ^= bfdf{ ufpFkflnsfnfO{ a'emfpg' kg] { afFsL aSof} tf ePsf] JolQm÷kmd{sf] af] nkq :jLs[t ul/g] 5} g . &= hdfgL jfkt af] nkqdf cfkm"n] e/] sf] /sd c+s / cIf/df :ki6 pNn] v ePsf] x'g' kg] {5 . c+s / cIf/df km/s k/] df cIf/nfO{ dfGotf lbOg] 5 . *= tf] lsPsf] ;dodf tf] lsPsf] ls:tf /sd a'emfpg' kg] {5 . clGtd ls:tf /sd ;d] t tf] lsPsf] ;dodf ga'emfPdf s ju{sf] a} +saf6 hf/L u/L k] z ul/Psf] sfo{ ;Dkfbg hdfgtaf6 ;Demf} tf cg';f/sf] 7] Ssf /sd c;'npk/ ul/g] 5 . ;f] df 7] s] bf/n] s'g} lsl;dsf] xhf{gf bfjL ug{ kfpg] 5} g . (= s'g} lsl;dsf] kl/l:ylt b] vfO{ 7] Ssf /sd ldgfxf ;DaGwL s'g} dfu sfof{nonfO{ :jLsfo{ x'g] 5} g . !)= krlnt P] g, lgod, sfg'g, ;Demf} tf / ;"rgfsf] zt{ ljk/Lt sfo{ u/] df h'g;'s} cj:yfdf klg sfof{non] 7] Ssf tf] 8\g ;Sg] 5 / To;af6 sfof{nonfO{ xfgL gf] S;fgL ePdf 7] Ssf lng] kIfaf6 ;/sf/L afFsL ;/x c;"n pk/ ul/g] 5 . !!= bfdf{ ufpFkflnsf leqsf] df;'uf/ vf] nfaf6 9'+uf, lu§L, jfn'jf, lgsfnL ljqmL tyf lgsf;L ug] { qmddf ufpFkflnsf leqsf kSsL k"nsf] tn dfly %)) ld6/ If] qaf6 lgdf{0f ;fdfuL pTvgg u/L laqmL tyf lgsf;L ug{ sfg"gn] k"0f{?kdf kltjGw nufPsf] x'Fbf s/ ;+snsn] ;f] s'/ fnfO{ k"0f{?kdf Wofg lbg' kg] {5 . 9'+uf, lu§L, jfn'jf pTvgg tyf ;+sng ubf{ :jLs[t ePsf] ] IEE kltj] bgn] gS;f+sg u/] sf] If] qdf tf] lsPsf] kl/df0f pTvgg ug{ kfOg] 5 . !@= sfof{no kd'v jf clVtof/ kfKt clws[taf6 kdfl0ft ePsf] af] nkqnfO{ dfq dfGotf lbOg] 5 . !#= o; sfof{nodf k] z x'g cfPsf af] nkq, af] nkqbftf jf lghsf] kltlglwsf] /f] xj/df vf] lng] 5 . t/ af] nkqbftf jf lghsf] kltlglw ;f] ;dodf pkl:yt geP klg sfof{nosf] kltlglwsf] /f] xj/df vf] Ng ;lsg] 5 . !$= b/efpkq k] z ubf{ k] z ug] { kmd{ jf sDkgLsf] Joj;flos gjLs/0f kdf0fkq, :yfoL n] vfgDa/, d'=c=s/ kdf0fkqsf] kltlnlk / s/ r'SQmf kdf0fkq kltlnlk ;+nUg /fvL k] z ug'{ kg] {5 . !%= af] nkq kmf/fd lgodfg';f/sf] /fhZj /sd lt/L bfdf{ ufpF sfo{kflnsfsf] sfof{no, kmf?nfrf} / , ;Nofgaf6 vl/b u/L k] z ug{ ;lsg] 5 . !^= 9'+uf,lu§L,afn'jf /f] 8f cflbsf] ;+sng, pTvgg tyf lgsf;Lsf ;DaGwdf lhNnf:t/Lo cg'udg ;ldlt, bfdf{ ufpFkflnsfn] lbPsf ;'emfj tyf lgb] {zgx? 7] Ssf lng] kIfn] k"0f{ ?kn] kfngf ug'{ kg] {5 . !&= pk/f] Qm cg';f/ pNn] v ePsf zt{x?sf] xsdf o;} cg';f/ x'g] / pNn] v gePsf s'/ fx?sf] xsdf krlnt P] g sfg"g tyf 7] Ssf :jLs[lt kZrft ul/g] ;Demf} tf cg';f/ x'g] 5 . !*= cGo lj:t[t hfgsf/Lsf] nflu o; sfof{nodf ;Dks{ /fVg ;lsg] 5 .

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af]nkq kmf/fd b:t'/

DRM/ IR/02/2077/078

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bfdf{ ufp“kflnsf

3f]/fxL pkdxfgu/kflnsf sfof{no bfªsf] gS;f kf;;DjGwL ;"rgf † ?s'd afFkmLsf] 6 uf=lj=;= j8f g+= $ a:g] sNkgf s] =;L= bfxfnn] d] / f] gfddf btf{ >] : tf ePsf] ;fljs /fjtufpF * s -xfn 3f] / fxL pkdxfgu/kflnsf j8f g+= !^_ ls=g+= $^^& / $^^( a=ld= !$$=*% hUufdf lgdf{0f e} ;s] sf] 3/sf] gS;f clen] v u/L kfpF egL ldlt @)&^.)!.@# df gS;f;lxt lgj] bg k] z ug'{ePsf] 5 . ;f] cg';f/ 3/sf] gS;f clen] v Ohfht pknAw u/fpg cfjZos klqmof k"/ f u/L ldlt @)&&.)$.#) ut] sf lbg :ynut ;/hldg ubf{ k"j{tkm{sf ;Flwof/ piff s] =;L=, klZrdtkm{sf ;Flwof/ l8ns'df/L yfkf / pQ/tkm{sf ;Flwof/ r+vaxfb'/ jnL, gf/fo0f lj=;L= ;d] tsf ;Flwof/x? cg'kl:yt x'g' ePsf] x'Fbf clen] v sfo{ /f] lsg uPsf] 5 . olb sf] xL s;} sf] bfaL lj/f] w eP of] ;"rgf ksflzt ePsf] ldltn] !% -kGw_ lbgleq cfk\mgf] ;a't kdf0f;lxt o; sfof{nodf lnlvt lgj] bg lbg'xf] nf. cGoyf lgodfg';f/ lghsf gfddf 3/ gS;f clen] v eO hfg] x'Fbf ;DalGwt ;a} sf] hfgsf/Lsf] nflu of] ;"rgf ksflzt ul/Psf] 5 .

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