२०७७ साउन १७ गते शनिवार

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(Naya Yugbodh National Daily Aug. 1, 2020)

sf]/f]gf ;+qmldtsf] d[To'b/ a9\of] pkTosf / s]xL zx/ ;d'bfo ;+qmd0fsf] a9L hf] lvddf o'uaf] w ;dfrf/bftf sf7df8f} +, !^ ;fpg . g] kfndf sf] / f] gf ;+qmd0fsf sf/0f Hofg u'dfpg] sf] ;+Vof a9\g yfn] sf] 5 . z'?sf lbgdf ;+qmldtdf nIf0f gb] lvg] / d[To'b/ sd /x] sf] df kl5Nnf lbgdf nIf0f;lxtsf ;+qmldt a9\g yfn] sf 5g\ eg] d[To'b/ klg a9] sf] 5 . laxLaf/ ;f“emb] lv z'qmjf/ ;f“em;Dd @$ 306fdf rf/hgfsf] d[To' ePsf] 5 . rf/hgf Ps} 7fp“ k;f{sf] jL/u~hsf /x] sf 5g\ . k;f{sf] jL/u~h >Lk'/ sf %^ jifL{o k'?ifsf] laxLaf/ /flt d[To' ePsf] 5 . u08s c:ktfndf pkrf/sf qmddf /x] sf tL k'?ifsf] d[To' ePsf] :jf:Yo tyf hg;+Vof dGqfnon] hgfPsf] 5 . To:t} k;f{sf] jL/u~h– !^ sf #% jifL{o k'?ifsf] klg u08s c:ktfnd} d[To' ePsf] 5 . !# utb] lv e] lG6n] 6/df /fv] / pkrf/

…dfFu/Ú sf] ljdf] rg 3f]/fxL, !^ ;fpg -o';_– yf? efiffsf] uLlt;+ux …df“u/Ú sf] ljdf]rg ul/Psf] 5 . nf}j cuf;g ;fKtflxssf] ksfzgdf a]emnfn rf}w/Låf/f lnlvt yf? efiffsf] uLlt;+uxsf] ljdf]rg ul/Psf] xf] . 3f]/fxL pk– dxfgu/kflnsfsf pkd]o/ ;Ltf l;Ub]n Gof}kfg]n] s[lt ljdf]rg ug'e { Psf] xf] . yf? efiffdf lnlvt k':tsdf yf? ;d'bfosf] hghLljsf;“u hf]l8Psf $% j6f uLt ;d]l6Psf] 5 . k':tssf] ;dLIff Pj+ rrf{ nf]s tyf ;+:s[ltljb\ 8f=uf]ljGb cfrfo{n] ug'e { Psf] xf] . pxf“n] k':ts yf? hfltsf nflu dxTjk"0f{ ePsf] atfp“b} k':tsleq yf? ;d'bfosf] nf]s hLjgsf ljifoj:t' ;d]l6Psf] atfpg'eof] . pkd]o/ Gof}kfg]n] ;a} hfthfltsf] efiff tyf ;+:s[lt ;+/If0f ul/g'kg{] atfpg'eof] . ;xefuLx?n] yf? hfthfltsf] efiff ;+:s[lt nf]k x'g] qmddf /x]sf] eGb} ;+/If0f / kj4{g ug'k{ g{]df hf]8 lbP . nf}j cuf;g ;fKtflxssf kwfg ;Dkfbs s]aL rf}w/Lsf] cWoIftfdf sfo{qmd ePsf] lyof] .

eO/x] sf tL k'?ifsf] klg laxLaf/ /flt g} d[To' ePsf] xf] . o;} u/L jL/u~h–@ sf ^% jifL{o k'?ifsf] klg sf] / f] gf efO/;sf] ;+qmd0faf6 d[To' ePsf] 5 . pgsf] d[To'kl5 sf] / f] gf k'li6 ePsf] u08s c:ktfnn] hgfPsf] 5 . To:t} k;f{sf] jL/u~h–!! 3/ eP/ nlntk'/ df a:g] ^% jifL{of dlxnfsf] klg d[To' ePsf] 5 . tL dlxnfsf] z'qmjf/ pkrf/sf qmddf kf6g c:ktfndf d[To' ePsf] xf] . pgL ;fpg ^ ut] b] lv pkrf//t lyOg\ . of] ;“u} g] kfndf sf] / f] gfaf6 Hofg u'dfpg] sf] ;+Vof %^ k'u] sf] 5 . b] ze/ ;+qmldtsf] ;+Vof !( xhf/ ;ft ;o &! k'u] sf] 5 . ;+qmldtdWo] !$ xhf/ tLg ;o (( hgf pkrf/kl5 3/ kmls{Psf 5g\ . ;/sf/n] z'qmaf/ Ps} lbg clxn] ;Dds} w] / } !) xhf/ a9Lsf] lkl;cf/ k/LIf0f u/] sf] 5 . :jf:Yo

dGqfnosf kjQmf 8f= hfu] Zj/ uf} tdn] Ps} lbg !) xhf/ ;ft ;o ^* hgfsf] lkl;cf/ k/LIf0f ul/Psf] hfgsf/L lbg'eof] . kl5Nnf] ;do ;+qmd0fsf] hf] lvd a9] ;“u} k/LIf0fsf] bfo/f a9fOPsf] 5 . o;cl3 b} lgs rf/ xhf/;Ddsf] k/LIf0f ug] { u/] sf] df k/LIf0f b/ a9fpg yflnPsf] xf] . lj1x¿n] ns8fpg cGTo eP;“u} hf] lvd a9] sf] eGb} k/LIf0f a9fpg ;/sf/nfO{ ;'emfp“b} cfPsf 5g\ . z'qmaf/;Dd b] ze/ tLg nfv &% xhf/ rf/ ;o !^ hgfsf] lkl;cf/ ljlwaf6 k/LIf0f ul/Psf] 5. st} ns8fpg, st} lgif] wf1f bf] ;f] r/0fsf] sf] / f] gf ;+qmd0fsf] x6:k6 jL/u~hdf lgif] wf1f hf/L 5. jL/u~h dxfgu/kflnsf kd'vnfO{ klg ;+qmd0f ePkl5 ;d'bfo ;+qmd0fsf] cem a9L vt/f b] lvPsf] 5 . jL/u~hdf z'qmaf/ b'O{ lrlsT;s;lxt yk $$ hgfdf

;+qmd0f k'li6 ePsf] 5 . la/f6gu/ dxfgu/kflnsfdf z'qmaf/ /flt !@ ah] af6 b'O{ xKtfsf nflu k'gM ns8fpg ul/Psf] 5 . kb] z ! sf ;fdflhs ljsf; dGqfnon] :yfgLo txx?nfO{ cfjZostf cg';f/ ns8fpg ug] { lg0f{o z'qmaf/ u/] kl5 dxfgu/n] 3f] if0ff u/] sf] xf] . g] kfnu~hdf klg cfOtjf/b] lv lgif] wf1f 3f] if0ff eO;s] sf] 5 . o;} aLr kx/L kwfg sfof{nodf sfo{/ t yk @* hgf kx/Ldf sf] / f] gf k'li6 ePsf] 5 . kx/L c:ktfn dxf/fhu~hdf ul/Psf] k/LIf0fdf laxLaf/ ;f“em !) / z'qmaf/ laxfg yk !* hgf kx/Ldf sf] / f] gf k'li6 ePsf] kx/L kjQmf P;P;kL s'a] / s8fotn] hfgsf/L lbg'eof] . of] ;“u} kx/L kwfg sfof{nodf dfq} sf] / f] gf ;+qmldtsf] ;+Vof &@ k'u] sf] 5 . kl5Nnf] ;do sf7df8f} + pkTosfdf klg sf] / f] gf ;+qmd0fsf] hf] lvd al9/x] sf] 5 .

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b] pv'/ L, !^ ;fpg . wfg /f] Kg] a] nf klg /f;folgs dn o'l/of kfOPg . h] gt] g ;/;fk6 u/] / wfg v] tL ptfl/of] . wfg …6k 8] «l;ªÚ ug{] a] nfdf t o'l/of dn kfOPnf eGg] ;f] r] sf ls;fg /fdaxfb'/ rf} w/L clxn] klg dn kfpg g;Sbf lrlGtt x'g'x'G5 . dnsf] nflu lbgx'“ ;xsf/L ;+: yf wfp“b} cfP klg Ps lsnf] klg o'l/of dn lsGg kfpg'ePsf] 5} g\ . …wfg kx] +lng yfNof] . of] a] nfdf o'l/of 5g{ kfOPg eg] t wfg kmNb} gÚ– pxf“n] eGg'eof] – …hlta] nf dn rflxPsf] x'G5 Tolta] nf g} dnsf] cefj x'G5 .Ú cg'bfgdf kfKt x'g] /f;folgs dn o'l/of gkfO“bf t] Aa/ d"Nodf lsg] / 5g{'kg{] afWotf 5 . bfªdf o; jif{ ztkltzt wfg /f] kfO“ ePsf] 5 . kf] x/;fnsf] t'ngfdf tLg xhf/ x] S6/ a9L hldgdf wfg v] tL ePsf] s[lif 1fg s] Gbsf kd'v ;Gb] z lwtfnn] hfgsf/L lbg'eof] . t/ o'l/of dnsf] cefj x'“bf wfg pTkfbg 36\g] xf] ls eGg] lrGtfdf ls;fg 5g\ . …x/] s lbg ;xsf/Ldf ls;fgsf] nfOg nfU5 . xfdL;“u dn 5} g eGbf ljZjf; gubf{ emg} ;d:of k/] sf] 5Ú– sflGtk'/ s[ifs ;xsf/L ;+: yf ndxL–# sf cWoIf

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5f] / f kmls{g] cfzdf cf“;' aufp“b} 5f] / fsf] af6f] klv{/ x] sL b+uLz/0f–@ sL lah''nL ;fsL{sf @)%( ;fn ;fpg !^ ut] ;f“emb] lv cf“vf cf] efPsf 5} gg\ . cf] efpg\ klg s;/L tLg efO 5f] / fsf] g nfz e] l6of] , g ;f; . pxf“ cem} jgaf6 3/ kmls{G5g\ ls eGg] cfzfdf 5f] / fx?nfO{ s''l//xg''ePsf] 5 . pxf“n] eGg''eof] – …df/] sf] eP klg nfz lbg''kYof{] < gdf/] sf] eP kmls{g'k¥of] . jg x] / ] / dg e'nfpg] afx] s c? s] xL pkfo 5} g .Ú xTof ePsf] !& jif{ k"/ f x'“'bf klg 5f] / fx?sf] cfTdfn] zflGt gkfp“bf yk kL8f ylkPsf] pxf“n] ;''gfpg''eof] . pxf“n] yKg''eof] – …/fHon] dfcf] jfbL eg] / lgbf{] if 5f] / fx?nfO{ df¥of] . g dfcf] jfbLn] Gofo lbP, g /fHon] lbof] . dfcf] jfbL klg ;Qfdf k''Uof]

xfdf 5f] / fx?sf] Hofg dfq} u''Dof] .Ú @)%( ;fn ;fpg !^ ut] b+uLz/0f–@ gd"gf j:tLsf /d] z g] kfnL, d+un g] kfnL, e'kfn g] kfnL, hf] uaxfb''/ g] kfnL, /d] z g] kfnL, lgjaxfb''/ g] kfnL, /] zd g] kfnL, /fdk;fb ;fsL{, hf] uaxfb''/ g] kfnL, ;f] d/fh g] kfnL / 5lj/fd g] kfnL Ps} ufp“sf ;a} sf] Ps} 7fp“df xTof eof] . h;n] ufp“nfO{ g} zf] sdf 8''afof] . h''g

36gfn] cem} ufp“nfO{ :tAw agfPsf] 5 . /fhfsf]6 l/lk6/ 6fj/df ePsf] ;fd""lxs xTof elgG5 . ;fd""lxs xTofdf ;xfbt ePsfx?sf] ;Ddfg / ;Demgfdf ;/sf/n] gd"gf j:tL ljsf; sfo{qmd dfkm{t pQm blnt j:tLnfO{ gd"gf j:tLsf ?kdf ljsf; ug{] nIfcg';f/ ufp“sf] gfd klg gd""gf j:tL g} /flvof] . t/ gfd t gd"gf /flvof] , sfd af“sL clGtd k] hdf:

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o'uaf] w ;dfrf/bftf t'n;L/fd clwsf/Ln] eGg'eof] – …s[lif ;fduL sDkgL lnld6] 8af6 dn cfPsf] 5} g . ls;fgnfO{ ;Demfpg ufxf] eof] .Ú o'l/of dn vf] Hb} ls;fg ;xsf/L ;+: yfdf wfp“b} cfP klg vfnL xft kms{g'k/] sf] 5 . s[lif ;fduL sDkgL lnld6] 8n] b] pv'/ Lsf #$ j6f ;xsf/LnfO{ cg'bfgsf] /f;folgs dn laqmL ub{} cfPsf] 5 . ;xsf/Ldfkm{t aNn ls;fgn] dn lsGg kfp“5g\ . s[lif ;fduL sDkgLdf o'l/of dn 5} g . s[lif ;fduLsf] uf] bfddf 5} g o'l/of b] pv'/ Lsf] ndxLdf s[lif ;fduL sDkgL lnld6] 8sf] uf] bfd 5 . t/ of] uf] bfddf o'l/of dn gePsf] c;f/ clGtd ;ftfb] lv xf] . uf] bfddf l8PkL 5 ;o af] / f / kf] 6f; kf“r ;o af] / f :6s /x] sf] s[lif ;fduL sDkgL lnld6] 8 ndxL

zfvfsf lgldQ kd'v 3gZofd sxf/n] hfgsf/L lbg'eof] . …ns8fpgn] ubf{ ;dodf dn cfk"lt{ ug{ g;Sbf clxn] dnsf] cefj b] lvPsf] xf] Ú– sxf/n] eGg'eo] – …ca slxn] dn cfp“5, lkmS; 5} g . xfdLnfO{ ;fpgsf] clGtd ;ftf of ebf} sf] klxnf] xKtf elgPsf] 5 .Ú cfly{s jif{ @)&^÷)&& df #$ j6f ;xsf/L ;+: yfnfO{ ;f9] !% ;o 6g o'l/of ljt/0f ul/Psf] 5 . l8PkL Ps xhf/ Ps ;o gf} 6g, kf] 6f; &$ 6g ljt/0f ul/Psf] tYof+s s[lif ;fduL sDkgL;“u 5 . o;kfln ns8fpgsf sf/0f ls;fgsf] 3/b} nf] df dn k'¥ofp“bf cfjZostf eGbf a9L dn ls;fgn] /fv] sfn] clxn] dn cefj b] lvPsf] sDkgLn] bfjL u/] sf] 5 . …yf] / } dn eP klg k'Ug] ls;fgn] rflxg] af“sL clGtd k] hdf:

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36gf ePsf] b'O{ lbgkl5 Toxf“ k'Ubf elTsP/ ar] sf] 3/sf] k] 6Ldf a;] sf Ps a[4n] 6fpsf] df skmg af“w] sf lyP . a+unfr'nL ufp“kflnsf j8f gDa/ % ;flsg] sf ^@ jifL{o a] a'nfn kl/of/nfO{ clxn] 7"nf] ahkft k/] sf] 5 . ut jif{ 5f] / f u'dfpg'ePsf a] a'nfn o; jif{ a'xf/L / gfltgL u'dfp“bf kL8fn] af] Ng ;Sg] cj:yfdf x'g'x'Gg . a'xf/L / gfltgL k'l/Psf] :yfgtkm{ x] b{} uxe/L cf“;' /fVg' ePsf a] a'nfn s] xL ;f] Wbf ;xh?kdf cfjfh g} lgsfNg ;Sg' ePg . vfgf ksfpg] , v'jfpg] , :ofxf/

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pxf“ . ;fGTjgf lbg] x?;“u klg s] xL hjfkm 5} g . ;a} n] eG5g\– s] ug] { t a'jf b} j nfu] kl5 o:t} o:t} eg] / kL8fnfO{ n'sfpg cfux ub} { kms{G5g\ . …tLg lbg klxn] dfOtaf6 kmls{PsL a'xf/Ln] ;f;" ;;'/ fnfO{ vfg a:g cK7] / f] xf] nf eg] / kmls{xfn] +

eGb} lyO . t/ s] ug'{ xfdLnfO{ 5f] 8] / uO{Ú– dw'/ f] :j/df pxf“n] kL8f ;'gfpg'eof] . …xfdLnfO{ vfgf v'jfP/ 5f] / L nu] / csf] { sf] 7fdf ;'Tg uO{ . t/ lgbfdf /x] sf a'xf/L / gfltgLnfO{ ljklQn] lap“lemg lbPgÚ– pxf“n] eGg'eof] – …/flt tLg ah] lt/ cfjfh cfPsf] lyof] x] g{ hf“bf pgLx? ;'t] sf] sf] 7fdf sfNgf em/] sf] lyof] .Ú ;a} ;lSsof] eg] / a'9LnfO{ p7fP/ 3/ k/ uP/ /f] P“ . s/fpg] zlQm lyPg . pHofnf] x'g nfu] kl5 dfq} l5d] sLnfO{ eg] / ;a} cfP . a'xf/L / gfltgL df6f] / 9'+ufsf] aLrdf lyP . afa' cfdfsf] lsl/of u/+] . ut jif{ 5f] / fsf] lsl/of u/+] . cfh a'xf/L / gfltgLsf] lsl/of ug'{k¥of] . ddfly lsg o:tf] ahkft nfUof] eGb} ubf{ a] a'nfnsf] cfjfh ;'S5 . c?sf] hldgdf 3/ agfP/ a:g'ePsf pxf“sf] kl/jf/ lgs} ljkGg /x] 5 . ;xh} pleg klg g;lsg] 3/ 5 . b'O{ rf/j6f s'v'/ fsf rNnf 5g\ . af“sL clGtd k] hdf:

3f] / fxL, !^ ;fpg . slj Pj+ lrGts ljgf] b kf] v] nsf] …d] / f] laxfgLÚ sljtf ;+ux eJo sfo{qmdaLr z'qmjf/ ;fj{hlgs ePsf] 5 . jl/i7 ;fdflhs JolQmTj Ps/fh zdf{, jl/i7 ;flxTosf/ gf/fo0fk;fb zdf{ / kfWofks ubfw/ kf} 8] nnufotsf cltlyx?n] xf] 6n dfnfOgsf] ;efsIfdf sljtf;+uxsf] ljdf] rg ug'{eof] . n] vs ;+3 bfªsf cWoIf vu/fh Gof} kfg] sf] cWoIftfdf ePsf] sfo{qmddf ljlzi6 cltly Ps/fh zdf{n] ;'gf} nf] laxfgLsf] vf] hLdf …d]/f] laxfgLÚ sf] ksfzg ePsf] pNn] v ub} { /rgfsf/nfO{ awfO{ lbg'eof] . efjgf geP/ sljtf hGdGg ;Sb}g eGb}

pxf“n] ljgf] b h:tf kltefx? d'vl/t eP/ cufl8 a9\g'kg] { atfpg'eof] . csf{ cltly gf/fo0fk;fb zdf{n] k': tssf] n] vgL cfux k"jf{uxaf6 d'Qm /x] sf] wf/0ff /fVg'eof] . …d'Vo s'/ f sljTj, ljrf/, efjgf / cg'e"lt xf] . sljtfx?n] To;sf] e"ldsf lgjf{x u/] sf 5g\Ú– zdf{n] eGg'eof] .

8f= lxdnfn kGyLn] sljtf ;+uxsf] ;dLIff ug'{ePsf] lyof] . ;f] cj;/df ljleGg jQmfx?n] slj ljgf] b kf] v] nsf] ;flxlTos ofqfsf] ;kmntfsf] z'?sfdgf lbg'ePsf] lyof] . o;/L z'esfdgf lbg] x?df kf= ubfw/ kf} 8] n, jl/i7 ;flxTosf/ lul//fh zdf{, /fKtL ;flxTo kl/ifb\sf cWoIf k'?iff] Qd vgfn,

8f= hgfb{g cfrfo{, kf1 pQds[i0f dhu} of, n] vs ;+3sf ;+: yfks cWoIf z+s/ kf} 8] n / ;flxTosf/ ls/0f cfrfo{ x'g'x'GYof] . sljtf ;+uxsf / rgfsf/ ljgf] b kf] v] nsf] :jfut dGtJoaf6 z'? ePsf] sfo{qmddf wGojfb 1fkg n] vs ;+3sf pkfWoIf uf] ljGb kf} 8] nn] ug'{ePsf] lyof] . sfo{qmdsf] ;~rfng x'daxfb'/ lj;Ln] ug'{ePsf] lyof] . ;f] cj;/df lel8of] dfkm{t k"j{dGqL Pj+ ;flxTosf/ jnb] j zdf{ dhu} of, lala;Ldf sfo{/ t kqsf/ euL/y of] uL, g] kfn kqsf/ dxf;+3sf k"j{cWoIf wd] {Gb emf / g] kfnL n] vs ;+3sf cWoIf 8f= gj/fh nD;fnsf] z'esfdgf dGtJo ;'gfOPsf] lyof] .

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Pshgf ;Fu} k9] sf] Ps} 7fpF clg ldNg] ;fyLsf] lgwg eP5 bfO a9f] ef/L dgsf ;fy eg+] . xtf/ lyof] ] sfddf hfg c? s'/ f x'g kfPg . dgnfO{ sG6«f] n ug{ sf] l;; u/+] . dg g xf] sxfF dfG5 / Û p;sf] klg cfˆg} ;+;f/ 5 . cfˆg} tl/sf 5 . sxfFaf6 sxfF k'U5 . Tof] 36gf x'ge' Gbf #–$ lbg cl3dfq n] lggn] gf] lv/fdnfO{ s] ePsf] xf] / clg s;} ;Fu gDa/ 5 eg] kfpFg n eg] / u'k Rof6df ;f] Wof] . xfdf] Aofrn/ ;Fu} k9] sf ;fyLx?sf] u'k 5 . vf;df of] u'k lqmP6 klg hLjgn] c:6«] lnofaf6 u/] sf] lyof] . s'g} ;do of] u'k w] / } tfTof] . clxn] w] / } ;] nfPsf] 5 . n] lggn] gDa/ dfu] kl5 d} n] 6f] k] G› lu/LnfO{ ;Dks{ u/ t ;fob gDa/ pknAw x'g ;S5 eg+] . 6f] k] G› gf] lv/fd sf7df8f} df:6/ k9\g] ;dosf ?d kf6{g/ lyP . bfªdf klg logLx? b'O{sf] e] 63f6 c?sf] eGbf a9L g} x'GYof] . bfªdf gf] lv/fdnfO{ e] 6\bf 6f] k] G›nfO{ ;Dks{ ubf{ e] 6 x'GYof] . od s] ;L bfOnfO{ cgnfOg b] v] + . Dof;] h n] v] + . bfOn] klg t'?Gt} l/KnfO{ lbg'eof] . bfO klg cfˆg} sfdn] sf7df8f} + cfpg' ePsf] /x] 5 . lxhf] dfq gf] lv/fdnfO{ e] 6\g hfg' ePsf] /x]5 csf]{ bfO cho dx/f;Fu . bfOn] eg] cg';f/ vf;df gf]lv/fdnfO{ e]6g\ t kfpg' ePg /] . efph'nfO{ e]6]/ cfpg' eP5 . bfOn] Dof;]Gh/df yKg'eof] . klxn] Hj/f] cfPsf] /x]5 . clg kl5 Nofadf /ut r]s ubf{ 6fOkmfO8 lau]sf]n] ubf{ /utdf s]xL

v/faL 5 eg]kl5 bfªaf6 sf7df8f} cfPsf /x]5g\ . klxn] dgdf]xg d]df]l/ondf r]s u/fP5g\ . To;kl5 uLg l;6L xl:k6ndf. oxL xl:k6nd} pgn] ;+;f/ 5f]8]5g\ .

PsfPs dg sLlt{k/' k'Uof] hxfF xfdLn] b'O{ aif{ eGbf a] zL ;do latfPsf lyof} + . w] / } bªfnL ;fyLx? lyof}F df:6/ l8uL k9\g] . xfdLx? ;dfhzf:q tyf dfgjzf:qsf laBfyL{ lyof} + . c? w] / } bªfnL ;fyLx? km/s ljefudf klg lyP . gf] lv/fdsf] sf] 7f efhËn lyof] ] . d] / f] kfËf zflns ;Fu} lyof] . gf] lv/fdsf] ?d kf6{g/ 6f] k] G› lyP . d] / f] n] lgg / ;'/ h . Pp6} ljefu ePsfn] ;w} e] 6 x'GYof] . To;df klg xfdf] sn] h hfg] af6f] gf] lv/fdsf] ?dlt/af6 klg hfg ldNg] eP/ xfdL kfoM ToxL af6f] eP/ Pp6f x'n g} hfGYof} + . ;'/ ] z, hLjg, yd;g, emlaG›, efujt, pd] z / b] j klg ;Fu} x'Gy] . xfdf] Pp6f hTyf ldn] sf] b] Vbf c? lhNnfsf ;fyLx? clg c? ljefusf ;fyLx? klg xfdLnfO{ b] v] / v'zL / crlDdt x'Gy] . xfdf] sn] hdf /fdf] dfxf] n lyof] ] . ljefusf ;/ / Dof8dx? klg xfdLx?nfO{ ljz] if u/L lrGg] ug{' x'GYof] . gf] lv/fd ;w} xfFl;/xg] . gl/;fpg] :jefjsf lyP . ;f] emf] eP/ g} xf] nf xfdLx? cln lh:sfpFYof} + . hlt lh:sfP klg xfF;f] ;Fu} ;a} dfkm x'Gy] . w] / } h;f] ;lhnf] clg xFl;nf] eP/ klg xf] nf xfdf] /dfOnf] ug] { ?d klg gf] lv/fds} x'GYof] . ljBfyL{ hLjg g lyof] . ;a} s'/ f eg] h:tf] x'g] lyPg . ;fyLx¿ ldn] / k} ;f p7fpg] clg s] xL dg k/] sf] vfg] s/' f ksfP/ vfGYof+} . slxn] sfxL+ cln ;:tf] jfnf sn a] s klg v] lnGYof] . v] Nbf / vfgf vfFbf klg gf] vLnfO{ lh:sfOGYof] . lsgls pgsf] xfF;f] dL7f] lyof] , gl/;fpg] . l/;fOxfn] eg] klg d': sfg;lxtsf] l/;fO x'GYof] . To;} n] ;fob gf] vLsf] cf] lh{gn l/;fO s;} n] b] v] g h:tf] nfU5 . b] v] kl5 6f] k] G›n] b] v] ls Û t/ pgn] slxn] xfdLnfO{ eg] gg\ . o:t} u/L lat] b'O{ jif{ . b] j ;} lgs ;] s] G8 n] km\ l6g] G6lt/ uof] . ;'/ ] z l8eL k/] / cd] l/sflt/ uof] . d s0ff{nLlt/ uPF . gf] vL/fd sf7df8f} +d} lyP . d s0ff{nLsf] . x'Dnfdf lyPF ;fob . gf] vL/fd a] nfot uP /] eGg] s'/ f ;'g+] .

nfdf] ;dosf] cGt/fn eof] gf] vL/fd;Fu e] 63f6 / s'/ fsfgL ePg . d a:g] 7fpFdf Tolt /fdf] ;~rf/sf] ;'ljwf lyPg . pgL;Fu s'/ fsfgL k"/ } 7Kk eof] . d} n] klg sfdsf] bf} / fgdf s0ff{nLsf rf/ lhNnfdf a:b} ubf{ sfnLsf] 6 a:g] ;dodf gf] vL/fd;Fu s'/ f ug] { df} sf ldNof] . gf] vL/fd kmls{;s] sf /x] 5g\ a] nfotaf6 . nfd} s'/ f eof] . cfkm"nfO{ klg s0ff{nL hfg] /x/ nfu]sf] atfP . ædnfO{ klg s0ff{nL nu of/ lvd'Æ– gf]lv/fd eGy] . d}n] klg sf]l;; u/]sf] pgnfO{ s0ff{nLdf nUgsf] nflu v} s] tfnd]n ldn]g . d}n] pgnfO{ nUg ;lsg . gf]vLn] cfkm} klg sf]l;; u/]gg\ To;kl5 . d bfª cfPsf] ;dodf em08} kfFr jif{kl5 e]6 eof] pgL;Fu . kftnf] z/L/ df]6f] ePsf] . uf]/f] t pgL klxn]b]lv g} lyP t/ lrNnf] ePsf . æca t ltdL s'g} lx/f] eGbf sd b]lvGgf} of/ gf]vL/fdÆ– d}n] lh:SofPF . æsxfFaf6 xf]nf s] p:t} xf] of/Æ– pgn] eg] . :yfgLo u}/;/sf/L ;+:yfdf sfd z'? u/]sf /x]5g\ Tolta]nf . kl5 cfˆg} Aofkf/df nfUb} u/]sf gf]vL/fdsf] Aofkf/ d}n] b]Vg kfOg . kmf]gd} s'/f clg slxn]sfxL+ Dof;]~h/df s'/f x'GYof] . p:t} xFl;nf] clg /l;nf] nfUYof] pgL;Fu s'/f ubf{ h:tf] sLlt{k/' df a:bf nfUYof] . ;a} s'/ f ;do /x] 5 . ;dosf] cufl8 s;} sf] s] xL nfUbf] / x] g5 . nfUbf] xf] t gf] vL/fd xfdLnfO{ 5f] 8] / hfg] lyPgg\ . ToxL ;do xf] h;n] xfdLnfO{ ;Fu} agfof] . clxn] 6f9f nu] / uof] xfdLaf6 . d[To' csf6\o ;To xf] . s;} n] klg ax; ug{ ;Sb}g of] s'/ fdf . t/ kL8f x'Fbf] / x] 5 a} +;sf] lgwgdf . ev{/ } lhDd] jf/L axg ug] { ;dodf . cfˆgf] kl/jf/nfO{ v'zL /fV5' eGg] ;dodf . hGd lbg] af cfdfnfO{ 5f] / fsf] st{Joaf] w u/fpF5' eGg] ;dodf . kfkL ;don] ;a} s'/ f ga'emL lgi7'/ L clg lgb{oL ag] / 6kSs l6k] / nfFbf s:tf] x'G5 Tof] kg] {nfO{ dfq yfxf x'G5 . a} ug' L ;donfO{ yfxf x'Fb} g . x'Fbf] xf] t o:tf] kL8f lbg] lyPg . hlt ax kf] v] klg ltdLnfO{ kmsf{pg ;Sb} gf} + . ltdL xfdLnfO{ 5f] 8] / uof} ;fyL . ltdL;Fu latfPsf x/] s kn ;Demgfdf ;w} /xg] 5g\ . ltdf] cfTdfn] zflGt kfcf] ;\ . cnlabf ;fyL .

k]dnfn e08f/Lsf] bfªsf uhn / uhnsf/x?

g] kfnL ;flxTosf] Oltxf;n] vg kTo] s lhNnfsf] ljwfut n] vgsf] ;j] {If0flagf k"0f{ / j} 1flgs x'g ;Qm} g . o; ;Gbe{df kl5NNff s] xL jif{otf sltko If] qx¿af6 g] kfnL ;flxTosf ljleGg ljwfx¿sf] If] qLo ;a] {If0f tyf cWoogsf l;nl;nfx¿ klg ;fj{hlgs eO/x] sf 5g\ . o; ;Gbe{df bfªsf o'jf ;dfnf] rs k] dnfn e08f/Lsf] kyd k': tsfsf/ s[ltsf ¿kdf bfªsf uhn / uhnsf/x¿ -@)^^_ gfds s[lt ksflzt eP/ kf7s;dIf cfOk'u] sf] b] lvG5 . tGg] / L ksfzg, sf7df08f} +n] ksflzt u/] sf] k:t't cg';GwfgfTds ;dfnf] rgf s[lt hDDff !&$ k[i7df km} lnPsf] 5 . s[ltsf] kl5Nnf] cfj/0f k[i7df 8f=s[i0fxl/ a/fnn] s[ltaf/] ;f/ule{t dGtJo lbPsf 5g\ eg] o;df ljleGg ltg kl/R5] bx¿ /x] sf 5g\ . o;} u/L s[ltdf ;Gbe{ ;fduL ;"rL / kl/lzi6nfO{ klg oyfqmddf Jojl:yt u/L /flvPsf] 5 . o;/L s[lt cg';Gwfgsf] lglZrt 9fFrfdf n] lvPsf] 5 . s[ltsf] klxnf] kl/R5] bdf bfªsf] ;flxlTos k[i7e"lddf uhn –k/Dk/f zLif{sdf ljleGg pkzLif{sx¿ lbP/ n] vs e08f/Ln] bfªsf] e"uf] n, ;fdflhs –;f+: s[lts l:ylt, o; If] qsf] l;h{gfTds k/Dk/f tyf uhn /rgfsf] k[i7e"ld / k/Dk/fsf af/] df ;ª\ lIfKt hfgsf/L lbPsf 5g\ . o:t} o; kl/R5] bdf bfª lhNnfsf] uhn pGgogdf kqklqsfx¿n] v] n] sf]

e"ldsfdfly klg ksfz kfl/Psf] 5 . cfofdsf b[li6n] o;n] s[ltleq hDdf !* k[i7 cf] u6] sf] 5 . s[ltsf] bf] ;f] kl/R5] bdf bfªsf uhnsf/ / ltgsf s[ltx¿sf] ljZn] if0f k:t't ul/Psf] 5 . of] kl/R5] b g} s[ltsf] kd'v efusf ¿kdf /x] sf] b] lvG5 . o;df pgn] bfªsf uhnsf/x¿ s] =aL=pbo, 6Lsf/fd pbf;L, ;hn ;NofgL, ;'bLk uf} td, pbo hLPd, ;'zLn k'g lj/xL, g] q P6d, gf/fo0f g] kfn, 5lanfn sf] lknf, ;'/ ] z ;'dg 8fFuL, ;Gtf] if >] i7, sdfgl;+x sfG5f, 6Lsf a:g] t, t'N;L lrGts e§/fO{, ;'zLn uf} td, uf] ljGb cfrfo{ u/L hDdf !^ hgfsf ljleGg s[ltx¿leqsf uhnx¿sf] cWoog ul/Psf] 5 . uhnx¿nfO{ pgn] ;+/ rgf, ljifoj:t', no, laDa, ktLs tyf cnª\sf/ / efiff u/L ljleGg cfwf/df ljZn] if0f u/] sf 5g\ . To;kl5 s[ltleqsf uhnx¿sf] ;du lgisif{ klg lbPsf 5g\ . o;n] cWoognfO{ j:t'ut / Jojl:yt klg agfPsf] 5 . cfofd lj:tf/sf b[li6n] o;n] hDdf !$^ k[i7x¿nfO{ ;d] 6] sf] 5 . s[ltsf] t] ;f] kl/R5] b cWoogsf] ;du lgisif{ / pk;+xf/sf ¿kdf cfPsf] 5 . o;n] sl/a rf/ k[i7 lnPsf] 5 . ;Gbe{;"rL lbPkl5 k': tssf] clGtddf /x] sf] kl/lzi6df clxn] ;Dd kfKt bªfnL kltefn] /r] sf] klxnf] ksflzt uhn zLif{sleq g] q P6dsf] ljjztfsf uLtx¿ -b[li6sf] 0f ;fKtflxs,

@)$( cfiff9 !^ ut] _ gfds /rgfnfO{ pNn] v ul/Psf] 5 . k] dnfn e08f/Lsf] k:t't s[ltdf @)^^ ;fncl3 ksflzt ePsf bfªsf ljleGg uhn;ª\ux, uLt–uhn;ª\ux tyf cGo ;ª\uxdf ;d] t ;d] l6Psf uhnx¿nfO{ ljZn] if0fsf] cfwf/ ;fduL agfOPsf] 5 . ;fy} pgn] ;j] {If0fsf qmddf bfªaf6 ksflzt ljleGg ;flxlTos / ;dfrf/d"ns kqklqsfnfO{ klg ;Gbe{;f] tsf ¿kdf lnPsf 5g\ . kl5Nnf Ps bzsdf bfª lhNNffdf uhnsf] ljwfut l;h{gf / ksfzgsf] l;nl;nf cem} tLa ePsf] kl/k] Iodf o;n] bfªsf] ;du uhnsf] jt{dfg l:yltnfO{ cjnf] sg ug{ t ;s] sf] 5} g t/ Ps bzscl3;Ddsf] k/Dk/fnfO{ eg] cToGt glhsaf6 l6k] / k:t't ug{ ;kmn ePsf] 5 . ;fy} ksflzt s[ltx¿sf] cWoogdf ;Lldt ePsf sf/0fn] bfªdf /x] / uhn l;h{gfdf nfu] sf t/ uhnsf s[ltx¿ ksflzt gu/] sf sltko JolQmx¿ ljZn] if0fdf 5'6\gn ' fO{ klg c:jfefljs dfGg ;lsb} g .

To;} u/L lhNnfaflx/af6 lg:sg] ljleGg klqsfdf uhn n] Vg] bªfnL ;i6fx¿sf] ;a] {If0f klg o;df x'g;s] sf] 5} g .

To;f] t k:t't s[lt lqe'jg ljZjljBfno, g] kfnL s] GbLo ljefucGtu{t :gftsf] Q/ txsf] bf] ;f] jif{ pQL0f{ ug] { kof] hgsf nflu n] lvPsf] zf] wkqsf]

kl/dflh{t ¿k xf] . t/ o;sf] dxTj s'g} tx ljz] if pQL0f{ ug{sf nflu dfq} geP/ g] kfnL ;flxTosf] uhn cWoogsf If] qdf b"/ ufdL dxTjsf] x'g] 5 eGbf s'g} cltzof] lQm x'Fb} g . ;fy} o;sf s'zn zf] wlgb] {zs 8f=g] q P6d o;} If] qsf kltef dfq} geP/ uhn ljwfsf af/] df klg cflwsfl/s hfgsf/L /fVg] JolQm ePsf sf/0fn] e08f/Lsf] s[ltn] k[ys klxrfg :yflkt u/] sf] 5 . o;df ;+of] hg ePsf ;fduLx¿sf] vf] h tyf cWoogdf e08f/Lsf] lgs} kl/>d vr{ ePsf] 5 . ;fy} To;sf] Jojl:yt k:t'tLs/0fdf P6dsf] ;fGble{s ;Nnfx tyf lgb] {zg klg plQs} dxTjk"0f{ /x] sf] tYo la;{g ;lsb} g . o;/L s] xL ;Ldfx¿sf afah'b klg k] dnfn e08f/Lsf] k:t't s[lt bfªsf] uhn cWoog, cg';Gwfg / ljZn] if0fsf If] qdf dfq} geP/ g] kfnL ;flxTosf] ;du ljwfut If] qLo cWoogsf] Pp6f dxTjk"0f{ kflKt xf] . o:t} ultnf / Jojl:yt ljwfut If] qLo cWoog–cg';Gwfgsf kof;x¿n] dfq} g] kfnL ;flxTosf] Oltxf;n] vgsf] ofqfn] cflwsfl/stf tyf k"0f{tf ;d] t kfKt ug{;S5 . o;sf nflu ;sf/fTds b[li6 / d] xgt k'¥ofpg] o'jf n] vs e08f/L wGojfbsf xsbf/ 5g\ . s[ltnfO{ ;fj{hlgs ul/lbg] tGg] / L ksfzg, sf7df08f} +sf] of] ubfg klg kz+;gLo /x] sf] 5 .

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o; sf/0f d}n] ;nx vfPF

d} n] ;nx vfg nfu] sf] em08} tLgrf/ xKtf eof] . of] :tDe tof/ x'Fbf;Dd ;fFem laxfg nuftf/h;f] vfg] u/] sf] 5' . s'g} cK7] / f] nfu] sf] 5} g . vfPsf] s] xL ;do k] 6 cl7nf] x'G5 . 6Gg c3fPsf] dx;'; u/fpF5 . rkfO{ rkfO{ vfFbf klg lwt db} {g . plQs} :jfbdf w] / } j6f vfOG5 . clxn] ;Dd s;/L vfof] , ukm} xf] ls eGg] nfUnf . 3/sf] / l5d] saf6 cfPsf] rf/ kfFr lbg ePsf] lyof] . clxn] ;;'/ fnL yjfªaf6 eb} ljdnfn] k7fOlbg'eof] .

Pp6f rf] sf] kmgsf] l8Aafel/ lyof] . To;nfO{ k'gM kmfO u/] / vfOof] . cGtaf6 klg cfO/x] sf] 5 . To;} n] vfg] qmd 6'6] sf] 5} g . w';'Dd w';'Dd ds} vfhf vfPsf] h:t} u/L vfO/x] sf] 5' . w] / } n] o;sf] :jfbsf af/] df lh1f;f /fVg'ePsf] 5 . o:t} x'G5 eGg ;lsFb} g . wfg] km6\ofFuf vfPsfnfO{ Tolt ltVv/ nfUb} g . To;sf] klg :jfb grfv] sfnfO{ eGg ;lsG5, of] uGwxLg x'G5 . gdL7f] :jfb 5} g . cldnf] lk/f] jf s'g} ksf/sf] g/fdf] dx;'; x'Gg . cl/+ufn vfPsfnfO{ klg o;sf] :jfb lgs} km/s nfU5 . Tolt af] l;nf] / /l;nf] x'Gg . g] kfndf kj] z u/] sf] lbgb] lv g} :jf:Yo If] qsf lj1x?n] ;nxdf cTolws kf] l6g / sfjf] {xfO8] «8 kfOG5 eGg'eof] . dfG5] n] vfFbf :jf:Yosf nflu /fdf] x'G5 eGg] pxfFx?sf] egfOn] dnfO{ lgs} pT;flxt agfof] ] . cfof] eg] h;/L klg vfG5' eGg] dfgl;stf agfPF . dnfO{ hft wd{sf sf/0fn] s'g} klg df;' vfg clxn] ;Dd /f] s] sf] 5} g . geGb} cfkm\g} 3/ If] qsf af/Ldf cfP/ ;nx a;] sf] /x] 5 . d} n] vfg] xf] eg] kl5 3/df 5f] k] / /fv] 5g\ . clkm;af6 kmls{b} ubf{ af6f] df s–s;sf] 3/df 5 eg] / vf] Hb} uPF . glrg] sf 3/x?af6 klg ;nx e'6] sf] ;'Fwf] af; cfO/x] sf] lyof] . nf} kfSof] x} s;sf] 3/df t xf]nf eGb} /fd' >] i7;Fu 76\6f klg u¥of} + . ;fnL ljdnfsf] 3/df kfSb} u/] ] sf] /x] 5 . ToxL+ vfPF . z'?d} kfs] sf] x] bf{ 7\ofSs} km6\of+uf h:tf] nfUof] . l3g dflgg . Ps s6f} / f vfP/ 3/lt/ lxF8] + . 3/df uPsf] ev{/ } kv] 6f s] nfpFb} /x] 5g\ . kfSg ;do nfUg] b] lvof] . kfs'~hn] klv{g klg dgn] dfg] g . sk8f abn] / km] l/ ;fnLs} 3/df k'u] / w] / } j6f ;nx skfsk vfPF . s'g} vf; :jfb geP/ klg x'g ;S5 w] / } j6f vfFbf klg lwt d/] g . kmls{b} ubf{ glhs} ;'zLnfsf] 3/df uPF . ToxfF klg ev{/ kmfO u/] / ptf/] sf] km] nf kf/] + . vfg'; eGg'eof] . tfTtftf] lyof] . kmf] 6f] lvRb} vfPF . ToxfF vfg] cln w] / } hgf lyof+} . s] xLn] vfg 8/ dfg] sf lyP . To;sf v'6\6f ;dft] / a] ;/L x] y] { . d} n] dtnj ul/gF . tftf] kfgLdf 8'afpg] , To;sf aflx/sf] 7"nf kv] 6\6f kmfNg] , d/d;nf nufpg] / t] ndf tfg] { u/L ksfpg cln l9n} x'G5 . b'O{ 3/df vfP/ cfpFbf;Dd klg cfkm\ gf] df tof/ ePsf] /x] g5 . km] l/ ufpFlt/ lgl:sPF . lxdfnsf] 3/df uPF . ToxfF cldnf] xfn] / ksfP5g\ . vf:;} kfs] g5 . vfFbf cln Sofr Sofr h:tf] eof] . w'nf kfg{ g;lsg] rfdf] lyof] . rkfpg d'l:sn eof] ] . /; r';] / s] xL vf] : 6f y's] + . ;a} vfg ;lsg .

To;kl5 3/ uPF . >LdtL -;Demgf_ n] d;nfx? xfn] / dHhfn] kmfO ug'{eof] .

7\ofSs} kfSb} lyof] . lgsfn] / em'?dem'?d vfOof] . 5f] / L -ljhof_ n] b'O{ tLgj6f dfq} vfOg\ . ;f9'bfO -nfnaxfb'/ k'g_ n] clnslt vfg'eof] . d} n] eg] tLg rf/j6fsf] k"/ f uf; xfn] / dHhfn] vfPF . Ps} k6sdf b'O{ tLgj6f d'vdf xfn] kl5 dfq} cfgGb cfpF5 . vfP/ ar] sf] /fv] + . To;lbg eft yf] / ] vfPF . lsgeg] k] 6 e/L lyof] . x/] s 5fsdf lemSb} vfFb} u/] + . lbpF;f] sf] pHofnf] df xf] ; ls /ftdf s'g} km/s k/] g, x] / ] / l3g dflgg . olt ld7f] dx;'; eof] ls a] : ;/L rkfO–rkfO vfOof] .

To;nfO{ vfg] a] nf d'G6f] efFr] / tfGbf :jfQ} leqsf] lb;f sfF8f] lgsfn] h:t} u/L cfpFbf] / x] 5 . sfnf] efu efFr] / afFsL 6fpsf] / lhp vfg] tl/sf klg /x] 5 . d} n] To;f] ul/g lb;} ;Fu vfPF . 3fF;kft vfPsf] cUof{lgs nfUof] . km] ;a's k] hdf &) j6f ;nx vfPF n] v] sf] 5' . vf;df Tof] eGbf a9L vfPsf] x'F' . Ps} rf] l6 rf/ 3/ 8'nL–8'nL vfPF . To;lbg bz} + cfPsf] h:tf] eof] . ds} af/Ldf e] l6G5g\ cem} vf] Hb} 5' . d 8f= c?0ff pk] tLsf] vfgf vfg'eof] / 8f= /fh' clwsf/Lsf] vfg] s;/L lkpg] s;/L eGg] k': tsaf6 lgs} kefljt 5' . b'a} k': tssf] ;f/ 5 ks[lttkm{ kmls{g] . kfs[lts pTkfbg ;se/ To:t} vfg vf] Hg'k5{ . w] / } ld;fj6 u/] sf] , Koflsª u/] sf] ,

l8Aafdf /fv] sf] nufot gofF–gofF kl/sf/sf gfddf ag] sf vfgfsf] b'a} k': tsn] lj/f] w u/] sf 5g\ . vfgfsf] kIfkf] if0f ug] { / lj/f] w hgfpg] lj1tf d;Fu 5} g . olt eGg ;S5' vfO;s] kl5 k] 6df s'g} u8a8L gxf] ;\ . cf/fd lbnfcf] ;\ . kr] sf] yfx} gxf] ;\ . laxfg lb;f ubf{ cK7] / f] gkf/f] ;\ . v;L ;s] sf] lb;f l;6df n] l:;g] , u'O7f kg] {, clt kftnf] x'g] , ;'nL h:tf] cfpg] nufot s'g} ;d:of gb] lvof] ;\ . lb;f a:g] lalQs} ;lhn} lg:sf] ;\ . lnF8 lgsfNg 7;\–7;\ sGg' gk/f] ;\ . vfO;Sg] ljlQs} clt ltvf{ gnfuf] ;\ . o:tf] vfgf pko'Qm 7fG5' . To;sf/0f c3fpGh] n vfFbf klg ;nxn] a] 7Ls u/] g . ckr ePg . k] 6 s/fpg] , 9': ; kg] {, 8sf/ cfpg] h:tf s'g} c;/ ePgg\ . kf7s dxf] bo, cfh d vfPlkPsf s'/ f ug{ afWo ePsf] 5' . of] l:ylt l;h{gf u/fpg] o'6\o'a/ ;fyLx?nfO{ klg ;lDem/x] sf] 5' . d} n] nfd} ;do hjfkm lbg'k/] sf] kl/j] z 5 . e] 6} lkR5] ;nx vfg'sf] sf/0f atfpg'k/] sf] 5 . To;} n] lnlvt hjfkm lbPsf] x'F . dnfO{ nfU5, of] cfn] v k9] / hjfkm kfpg'x'g] 5 / dnfO{ e] 6 x'Fbf s:tf] /x] 5 eGg] ;f] Wg' x'g] 5} g . ‘xh'nn] 5nx vfg' ef xf] lg, d} n] lg Pp6L ddLsf] df] afOndf x] Nof y] +Ú– d lrof k;ntkm{ hfFb} ubf{ af6f] df e] l6Psf gfgLn] ;f] Wg'eof] . dl;gf cf} +nfn] cfkm\ gf] d'v 5'Fb} af] Ng] tL gfgLn] dnfO{ em;+u agfpg'eof] . xfdLn] ug] { ;a} lqmofsnfk Vofn ug'{kg] {/ x] 5 . st} nfk/jfxL eof] jf sdhf] / L ul/of] eg] ;dfhnfO{ xflg k'Ubf] / x] 5 . ;dfh agfpg] :yfgdf gk'u] klg laufg{ ;Sg] cK7] / f] l:yltdf /x] 5f} + . d] / f cfkmGthg, ldqx?, z'e] R5'sx? w] / } n] ;f] Wg'eof] . k9] n] v] sf, hfgsf/, k] zf / kb h:tf] ;'s} ePsfn] klg ;f] Wg'eof] . kb} gcf] u6] sf tyf sltko cgk9n] klg ;nxsf] :jfbaf/] hfGg rfxg'eof] . dnfO{ nfUof] o'6\o'jsf] ;+;f/ lgs} km/flsnf] eO;s] sf] /x] 5 . ;~rf/sf] b'lgofF lgs} ljzfn ePsf] /x] 5 . d] / f] ;f] r eGbf lgs} km/flsnf] kfPF . ca df] afOn grnfpg] 3/ / o'6\o'j gx] g] { JolQm la/n} xf] nfg\ eGg] lgisif{df k'u] + . OG6/g] 6sf] kx'Frdf gePsfn] 8fpgnf] 8 u/] / eP klg x] g{ ;Sg] jftfj/0f ag] 5 .

7"n} Sofd/f nu] / Snfl;s g] kfnsf] l6d k'Ubf d eml:sPF . laxfg aflx/ lg:sg] t/v/df lyPF . dfG5] cfPsf] va/ 5f] / Ln] ul/g\ . d cln rfF8f] lgl:sPF glrg] sf b'O{hgf dfG5] lyP . pxfFx?n] z'?d} cfTdLotf b] vfpg'eof] . ;~rf/ huts} ePsfn] ;xsdL{sf] Jojxf/ eof] . kl/ro u¥of} + olta] nf gfd e'n] F . dnfO{ e] 6\g w] / } d] xgt ug'{ePsf] /x] 5 . klxnf clkm; vf] Hg'eof] /] . kl5 3/ ;f] Wb} / vf] Hb} k'Ug'ePsf] /x] 5 . Tof] em/Ldf oqf] b'Mv lsg ug'{eof] xf] nf eGg] nfUof] . dnfO{ af] Ng] /x/ eGbf klg Toqf] b'Mv u/L k'u] sfnfO{ ;Ddfg ug] { afWotf lyof] . pxfFn] ;f] w] sf kZgsf] hjfkm lbPF . lgs} km\ofgx? agfO;Sg'ePsf ef] h/fh yfkf 7"nf] l6d lnP/ xfdf] 3/d} k'Ug'eof] . ofbj ;} 3fnL, dx] z cf/f] xL, 8Da/ a'9f du/, lkknvfnL ;"o{axfb'/ lh;Lsf] lrof k;nd} e] 6\g k'Ug'eof] . yfkfn] klg klxnf] k6s ;nxsf] :jfb lng'eof] . pxfF;Fusf ;a} ;fyLx?sf] gfd n] Vg ;lsg dfkm ug'{xf] nf . ;'bg yfkf b'O{k6s 3/df k'Ug'eof] . dx] z / 8Dd/ a'9f ljKnjn] xfdf] kl/jf/sf] sxfgL o'6\ ojaf6 ;fj{hlgs ug'{eof] . ;nx dfq} vfPgf} +, xfdf] hLjgsf] Pp6f If0f ;fj{hlgs ug{ kfof} + . olt a] nf ;lDem/x] sf] 5', s] xL jif{cl3 ‘lb;fn] hxfh r9fof] Ú n] Vbfv] / L cgf} 7f] nflu/x] sf] lyof] . v'nf lb;fd'Qm cleofgs} sf/0f Tof] ca;/ h'/ ] sf] lyof] . clxn] ;nx vfPs} n] kl/jf/sf] gfnLa] nL ;fj{hlgs eof] . o;k6s lxdfno 6] lnlehgnufotsf ldl8ofn] :yfg lbg'eof] . o;sf] lnlvt rrf{ ug] { eg] b} lgs cgnfOg xf] . h;n] ;nx vfPsf] klg ;dfrf/ aG5 eGg] ;Gb] z lbof] . w] / ] hgfnfO{ cfslif{t u¥of] . laNs'n cgk] lIft rrf{ ePsf] 5 . d cfkm} klg lnlvt hjfkm lbg afWo ePsf] 5' . o;;Fu} kf7sau{df ljgd cg'/ f] w ub{5' . dg k/] sf] / vfg ldN5 elgPsf s'/ fdf hft / wd{n] g5] Sg';\ . :jf:Yo lj1fgn] vfg ldNg] eg] sf s'/ f vfg';\ .

To;n] cf/fd lbg'k5{ . ;fukft df5f df;' vfg pko'Qm x'g] / z/L/nfO{ xfgL gug] { eP d vfG5' . ;a} n] vfP x'G5 eG5' . To;n] :jf:YonfO{ nfe lbG5 . ;fu l;:g' vfPsf] Hofg 7Ls x'G5 . ;nx vfFbf klg ld7f] nfUof] . lj1x?n] vfgx'G5 eg] . krfpg] klg ;lhnf] eof] . To;} n] d} n] ;xn vfPF .

hLjgsf] k/LIff k/LIff eGg] ljlQs} s;} nfO{ clns 8/ nfU5 xf] nf t/ k/LIff eg] sf] kl/0ffd lgsfNg] Pp6f ljlw xf] . o:tf] /fdf] ljlwaf6 lsg 8/fpg] < c?sf] k/LIff lng' eGbf klxn] cfkm"n] cfkm\gf] k/LIff lng hfGg'kb{5 . o;sf] klg cfkm\g} ljlw / tl/sf x'G5g\ . of] tl/sf cfkm} vf] Hg'kb{5 . xfdLn] c?sf s'/ f w] / } u/] / w] / } ;do latfPsf 5f} + . t/ cfkm\gf s'/ f sd u/] sf 5f} + . cfpg'xf] ;\ cfh cfkm\g} s'/ f u/f} + / cfkm\gf] k/LIff u/] / cfkm} kl/0ffd lgsfnf} + . of] b''lgofFdf c?sf s'/ f ug] { xhf/f} + xhf/ 5g\ t/ cfkm\gf s'/ f ug] {x? slt xf] nfg\ < cfkm\gf s'/ f ug] {x? dWodf klg cfkm\gf] avfg dfq u/] sf] ;''lgG5 . cfkm\gf] s'/ f ug] { / cfkm\gf] avfg ug] {df w] / } km/s 5 . cfkm\ gf] s'/ f ug] { eg] sf] cfkm\gf] Ifdtfsf] s'/ f xf] eg] cfkm\gf] avfg ug] { eg] sf] cfkm\gf] kz+;f cfkm} ug] { xf] . cfTdkz+;fn] hLjgdf kl/0ffd kfpg ;lsb} g . c?sf] s'/ f ug] {x? dWodf klg Psy/L c?sf] cfn] frgf jf lgGbf dfq ug] {x? x'G5g\ . csf] {y/L c?sf] yf] / } kz+;f / w] / } lgGbf ug] {x? x'G5\g\ . yf] / } dfq c?sf] cfnf] rgf jf lgGbf gug] { / c?df ePsf] Ifdtfsf] kz+;f ug] { vfnsf x'G5g\ . o:tf vfnsf dflg;x? kfpg ;fx} ufxf] 5 . xfdLdWo] w] / } sf] :jefj eg] sf] c?sf] lgGbf ug] { vfnsf] /x] sf] 5 . c?sf] lgGbf ug} {x'Fb} g eGg] xf] Og . of] t ;Lldt :yfgdf / ;Lldt AolQmsf] dfq x'G5 . xfdf] ;dfhdf ePsf s] xL dflg;x? clt lglGbt vfnsf 5g\ of] t ;To xf] . h;n] kl/jf/, ;dfh jf /fi6«sf nflu s'g} klg of] ubfg lbg ;s] sf] 5} g Tof] AolQm ;w} lgGbgLo x'G5 . To:tf AolQmx?sf] lgGbfn] ;dfhnfO{ s'g} Iflt ub} {g . t/ h;n] ;dfhdf /fdf] of] ubfg lbPsf] x'G5 p;sf] lgGbf ul/of] eg] Tof] AolQm lglilqmo x'g;S5 . ;dfhdf /fdf] 5lj ePsf] dflg; lgliqmo eof] jf k5fl8 ;¥of] eg] To;sf] 7"nf] 3f6f ;dfh / /fi6«n] Joxf] g'{k5{ . xfdf] ;dfhdf /x] sf s] xL JolQmx? o:tf x'G5g\ pgLx? hf] s;} sf] klg lgGbf dfq rfxG5g\ . pgLx?n] cfkm\ gf] kz+;f eGbf klg c?sf] lgGbfdf dfq a9\tf Wofg lbPsf] kfOG5 . of] xfdLdWo] w] / } n] ef] u] sf] s'/ f xf] . c?sf] lgGbf ug] { . c?sf] kz+;f ug] { . cfkm\gf] kz+;f ug] { / cfkm\gf] af/] df yf] / } zAb klg gaf] Ng] x?dWo] df s'g pko''Qm x'G5 / s'g ;a} eGbf v/fa x'G5 xf] nf < xf] klxn] o;sf] ljZn] if0f ug{ hfGg'kb{5 . s'g /fdf] / s'/ f sd /fdf] clg s'g w] / } g/fdf] eGg] s'/ f klxn] cfkm"df 1fg x'g'kb{5 . d} n] clxn] ;Dd ;fy;+ut u/] sfx?dWo] df clwsf+z dflg;x? of t c?sf] lgGbf ug] { of t cfkm\gf] kz+;f ug] { dWo] sf e] 6] sf] 5' . cfb/0fLo kf7sx?n] klg o:tf kj[lQdWo] sf s] xLnfO{ cjZo klg e] 6\g' ePsf] xf] nf . lsgls o:tf kj[ltsf dflg;sf] xfdf] ;dfhdf afx'Notf 5 . cfkm\ gf] kz+;f ug] {x? dWo] df Psy/Lsf cfkm"n] sdfPsf] wg;Fu hf] 8] / kz+;f ug] { u5{g\ / csf] {y/Lsf cfkm"n] u/] sf sfo{sf] kz+;f;lxt cfkm\gf ;Gtfgx?sf] ;d] t kz+;f ug] {x? e] l6G5g\ . c?sf] lgGbf ug] {x?dWo] df klg p;n] u/] sf sdhf] / Lsf s'/ f sd t/ p;n] u/] sf x/] s lqmofsnfknfO{ gsf/fTdsdf nu] / hf] 8\g] x? ;d] t kfOG5g\ . cfkm"n] u/] sf] ;fgf] sfdsf] s'/ fnfO{ 7"nf] agfP/ kz+;f ug] { / c? u/] sf] /fdf] sdsf] ;d] t lgGbf ug] {x? dfqfsf] lx;fan] p:t} x'g h:tf] nfU5 . c?sf] yf] / } kz+;f ug] { / cfkm\gf ;Gtfgsf] kz+;f ug] {x? yf] / } km/s x'G5g\ . sf] xL s;} sf] klg ;Gtfgsf] kz+;f vf;} cfjZos x'Fb} g . lsgls ;Gtfgx?n] /fdf] sfd u/] eg] ;dfhn] To;sf] d"Nof+s cfkm} u/] sf] x'G5 . ;dfhn] g} p;sf] kz+;f ug] { ub{5 . cfkm"n] cfkm\gf ;Gtfgsf] kz+;f ug'{kb} {g . cfkm"n] t p;nfO{ ;dfhf] kof] uL sfo{ ug{ pTk] l/t ug] { dfq xf] . c?nfO{ lrGgsf nflu s] xL ;do ;+ut ug] { xf] eg] p;sf] lgGbf jf kz+;f ug{

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;lsG5 . lgGbf eGbf klg ;sf/fTds ;f] r /fVg] xf] eg] w] / } ;sf/fTds s'/ fx? kfpg ;lsG5 . hxfF ;sf/fTds s'/ fx? kfpg ;lsG5 ToxfF kz+;f ug{ ufxf] x'Fb} g . ;f/f ;do c?sf] lgGbf u/] / latfpg] / cfkm\gf] wgsf] kz+;f u/] / latfpg] x?b] lv afx] s c?x?df ;sf/fTds s'/ fx? kfpg ;lsG5 . hxfF ;sf/fTds s'/ f kfpg ;lsG5 ToxfF kz+;f ug{ s~h': ofO{ ug'{x'Fb} g . p;n] u/] sf] sfo{sf] kz+;f ug{sf nflu lsg dg ;fF3'/ f] agfpg'k/] sf] 5 / < cfhsf] xfdf] d'Vo ljifo j:t' cfkm"n] cfkm} nfO{ hfFRg] s'/ f xf] . s] xf] cfkm"nfO{ hfFRg] eg] sf] < cfkm"nfO{ cfkm} hfFRg ;lsG5 < o;sf pks/0fx? s] x'g ;S5g\ < cfkm"n] cfkm"nfO{ s;/L hfFRg ;lsG5 < o;sf ;"qx? s] –s] /xG5g\ < cfkm"n] cfkm"nfO{ hfFRgsf nflu ;"q k9\g'k5{ < cjZo xf] cfkm"n] cfkm"nfO{ hfGgsf nflu ;"q hfGg'kb{5 . cfkm"nfO{ cfkm} n] hfFRgsf nflu ;"q hflgPg eg] cfkm"nfO{ slxNo} k/LIffdf ;dfj] z ug{ ;lsb} g . k/LIffdf ;fd] n gx'g] x? g ;kmn g c;kmn . s] xf] cfkm"nfO{ hfFRg] ;"q < o;sf af/] df cfkm"nfO{ ;dflxt ug{ ;Sg' eg] sf] cfkm"n] cfkm"nfO{ lrGg' xf] . hLjg Pp6f v] n xf] . v] nsf cg] sg lgod x'G5g\ . km/s–km/s v] nsf km/s–km/s lgodx? x'G5g\, ;a} v] ndf Ps} ksf/sf lgodx? xF'b} gg\ . lgdo kfng u/] / v] Ng] v] nf8L ;w} ljhoL x'G5g\ . xfdLn] klg hLjgdf ljho kfpgsf nflu hLjgsf v] nsf] lgod hfGg'kb{5 . oxL lgod g} o;sf] ;"q xf] . hLjgsf] v] nsf] lgod ghfGg] x?n] cfkm\gf] af/] df cfkm} hfGg ;Sb} gg\ . cfkm} nfO{ hfGg g;Sg] x?n] c?sf] a9\tf lgGbf u5{g\ eg] cfkm\gf] wgsf] / ;gtfgsf] kz+;f ub{5g\ . wgsf] kz+;f ;jf{lws v/fa s'/ f xf] . klxn] klg elgof] wgsf] kz+;f / ;bf c?sf] lgGbf ug] {x? ;dfhsf unufF8 x'g\ . unufF8 h;/L 3fF6Ldf g;'xfpFbf] u/L /x]sf] x'G5 To:t} pgLx? klg ;dfhdf g;'xfpFbf] u/L a;]sf x'G5g\ . h;n] kl/jf/ ;dfh / /fHosf nflu s'g} of]ubfg lbg ;Sb}g . pgLx? cfsf/sf dflg; x'g\ . cfsf/sf dflg;x?af6 s] ck]Iff ug{ ;lsG5 < s'g' } klg of]ubfg lbgsf nflu p;df s]xL g s]xL ;f/ ePsf] x'gk' b{5 . ;f/ g} dflg;sf] 1fg xf] . cfkm"nfO{ lrGgsf nflu ;"q rflxG5 elgof] . ;"q of] ufoqL 3f] s] sf] h:tf] xf] Og . of] Jojxf/df ki6?kdf b] lvg] s'/ f xf] . k/LIff eg] sf] klg oxL xf] . hLjgsf] lgod kfngf ug] {x?nfO{ :jtM cfkm"n] cfkm"nfO{ lrGg ;S5g\ . d} n] clxn] u/] sf] sfo{ s;sf nflu < d} n] s] sfo{ ug{ x'GYof] / s] sfo{ ug{ x'Fb} gYof] < d} n] vfPsf] vfgfn] dnfO{ slt lxt u5{ / c?nfO{ slt clxt u5{ < kl/jf/sf nflu d} n] lbPsf] of] ubfg s] xf] / slt xf] < ;dfhdf d} n] lgjf{x ug''{kg] { e"ldsf lgjf{x u/] + ls ul/g < d] / f] e"ldsfn] ;dfhnfO{ slt lxt ug{ ;Sof] < /fHosf lglDt d} n] s] lbPF < d} n] /fHoaf6 ;w} dfu u/] + . /fHon] lbPg eg] / lgs} k6s ljbf] x ;d] t u/] + . t/ /fHoklt d} n] st{Ao k"/ f u/] + ls ul/g < xf] jf:tjdf oL / o:t} kZgx? hLjgsf k/LIffsf kZgx? x'g\ . o:tf s'/ fdf ;w} cfkm"nfO{ rgfvf] /fVg] / cfkm"n] u/] sf x/] s lqmofsnfksf] cfkm} d"Nof+sg ug] { xf] eg] cfkm"n] cfkm} nfO{ hfFRg] kof; u/] sf] 7x5{ . oxL xf] hLjgsf] v] nsf] lgod . oxL xf] cfkm"n] cfkm"nfO{ hfFRgsf nflu lbOPsf] k/LIff . hLjgsf] k/LIffdf kf; x'gsf nflu cfkm"n] u/] sf] sfo{sf af/] df c?;Fu klg glthf dfUg'kb{5 . o:tf sfo{ ug{sf nflu s] xL sl7g 5 t/ cfkm"nfO{ ;xh agfpg ;lsof] eg] of] ;Dej s'/ f xf] . xfdLn] w] / } ;do c?sf] lgGbf / kz+;fdf latfof} + . cfpg'xf] ;\ cfh cfkm"n] cfkm} nfO{ hfFrf} + . hLjgsf] k/LIffdf slt ;kmn x'g ;S5f} + < glthf cfkm} lgsfnf} + .

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uLt ;+uLtn] ;dfhnfO{ ;sf/fTds ;Gb]z lbg'k5{ u ksfz cfhef] ln s] ub{} x'gx'G5 < d l;h{gf ug{] dfG5] . l;h{gfd} 5' . clxn] uLt / sljtfdf snd rnfO/x] sf] 5' . ns8fpg s;/L laTof] < d] / f] ;do kfoM k': ts cWoog u/] / } laTYof] . t/ ns8fpgdf eg] l;h{gf ug{d} Jo:t /x] + . ljZje/ km} ln/x] sf] dxfdf/Ln] l;h{gf u/] sf 36gf kl/36gfsf] cj:yfnfO{ x] / ] / uLt sljtf l;h{gf ub{} df ns8fpg laTof] . ns8fpgsf] ;do slQsf] l;h{gfTds aGof] < ns8fpgs} aLr b'O{j6f uLt ahf/df cfP . cfFwL em] Ng hGd] sf] xf] , dfG5] cfuf] v] Ng hGd] sf] xf] , dfG5] 8/fP/ dg{ To;} sxfF xf] / < 8/} cf] vNg hlGdPsf] xf] dfG5] . zf:qLo ;+uLtsf ;fws lji0f' clwsf/Lsf] :j/df of] uLt ahf/ Nofof} + eg] dLgf sfsL{sf] :j/ / ;Gtf] if >] i7sf] ;+uLtdf …zL/df km"nÚ u/L lel8of] ;lxtsf] b'O{j6f uLt ahf/df Nofpg ;Sof} + . o;sf/0f klg ns8fpg d] / f] nflu l;h{gfTds aGg k'Uof] . uLt ;+uLt If] qtkm{ s;/L cfpg'eof] < x/] s If] qdf cfpg' eGbf klxn] JolQmsf] :jefjn] p;nfO{ k5\ofpF5 . d arkgb] lv uLt;+uLt dg k/fpg] dfG5] . /] l8of] g] kfndf uLt ;+uLt w] / } ;'Gy] + . gf/fo0f uf] kfn, eQm/fh cfrfo{, bLk >] i7sf cfw'lgs uLtx? klg /] l8of] g] kfnn] w] / } ahfpFYof] . tL uLt ;+uLt ;'Gbf d c;n ;f] tf aGg k'u] + . PnPn;L kZrft d} n] Pp6f uLt n] v] sf] lyPF . Tof] uLt d] / f] hLjgsf] klxnf] x'gk'Uof] . uLt /] s8{ ePkl5 d cToGt pT;flxt ePF . To;kl5 d} n] uLt ;+uLtaf/] cWoog u/] +, a'em+] . To;a] nf d /] l8of] g] kfndf uLt ;+uLt;DaGwL cfpg] cGtjf{tf{x? ;'Gy+] . ufpF3/df uLt ;+uLtsf] dfxf] n geP klg /] l8of] g] kfnaf6 uLtx? ;'Gy] + . qmdzM uLt ;+uLtklt cfslif{t x'Fb} uPF . kl5 cfP/ uLt ;+uLt If] qdf s] xL u/f} + eGg] nfUof] . /, z'?jftb] lv g} ;Gtf] if >] i7;Fusf] ;+utn] klg dnfO{ o; If] qtkm{ cfpg] dfxf] n aGof] . klxn] /] l8of] g] kfn;Fusf] ckToIf ;+ut / kl5 cfP/ ;+uLtsdL{x?sf] ;+utn] d ;f+uLlts If] qtkm{ cfpg k'u+] . jt{dfg ;dodf g] kfnL uLt b;+uLtsf] cj:yf s] 5 < bfªsf] s:tf] 5 < cfw'lgs uLt ;+uLtsf] cj:yf x] bf{ ;Gtf] ifhgs g} 5 . h] hlt eO/x] 5, ;+Vofut ?kdf /fdf] 5 . ;fgf] / yf] / } ;f] tf ePsf] b] zdf klg olQsf] uLt l;h{gf x'g' cToGt ;'vb kIf xf] . t/ s] xL cfnfsfFrf dfG5] x?n] ;+uLt If] qnfO{ dgf] / ~hgsf lglDt lng] u/] sf] kfOG5 . uLt ;+uLt If] qnfO{ ;do latfpg] dfWod / dgf] / ~hgsf lglDt cfPsf s] xL ;h{sx?n] u/] sf l;h{gfx?sf sf/0f lau] sf] cj:yf 5 . ckl/kSj / sfFrf JolQmx?n] ga'em] / uLt ;+uLt ubf{ s] xL ljs[lt klg cfPsf 5g\ . kl5Nnf] ;do uLt ;+uLt ;'Gg] dfq geP/ x] g{] dfWod klg ag] sf] 5 . To;otf emg\ ljs[lt cfPsf] b] lvG5 . uLt ;+uLtdf efjgfTds kIfeGbf klg ljleGg c+ux? O+uLt ug{] , kbz{g ug{] h:tf gsf/fTds kIfx? b] lvg yfn] sf 5g\ . of] Pp6f ljs[ltsf] ?kdf cfO/x] sf] 5 . bfªdf uLt ;+uLt If] qsf] cj:Yff x] bf{ ;Gtf] hgs 5 . bfªaf6 uPsf ;Gtf] if >] i7, lzlz/ of] uL nufot ;h{sx?n] o; If] qnfO{ dfly p7fpg'ePsf] 5 . /fli6«o:t/df ;d] t /fd} 5fk 5f] 8\g'ePsf] 5 . lhNnfdf klg gjkltefx? o; If] qtkm{ cfpg] qmd hf/L 5 . kl5Nnf ;dodf g] kfnL ;f+uLlts If] qdf cfPsf uLtx? s:tf nfU5g\ < ;+uLt eg] sf] k"hf xf] . a] Rg gx'g] , Jofkf/ ug{ gx'g] / k] zfdf 9fNg gx'g] lrh xf] ;+uLt . lsgeg] ;+uLt eg] sf] ;fwgf klg xf] . ha of] ahf/df a] Rg] lrh alg;Sof] , s} of} + ;i6fsf nflu uLt ;+uLt a] r] / afFRg] dfWod alg;Sof] . clxn] lel8of] agfP/ klg uLt;+uLt laSg] lrh alg;s] sf] 5 . uLt ;+uLtdf b[Zox?sf] kof] u x'g yfn] kl5 e2fvfnsf zAbx? kof] u ePsf] kfOG5 . e2fvfnsf b[Zo / e2f ;+uLt kof] u x'g yfn] sf 5g\ . xfdf df} lns afhfufhf eGbf klg ljb] zL afhfx? kof] u u/] sf] b] lvG5 . p6k6\ofª u/] / eP klg o;nfO{ ljsfpg] dfWod agfOPsf] 5 . kl5Nnf] ;do cfPsf s] xL uLtx? uLth:tf geP/ Jofkf/ ug{] lrh h:tf ePsf 5g\ . uLt ;+uLt lsGg] / a] Rg] lrh eO;s] kl5 s] xL ljs[lt cfPsf 5g\ . ljs[lt xfaL x'g'sf] sf/0f s] xf] nf < w] / } sf/0f 5g\ . klxnf] t ;+uLtdf 1fg gePsf / hfgsf/ gePsf JolQmx? / o; If] qdf of] Uo gePsf JolQmx? cfpFbf ljs[lt lelqPsf 5g\ . uLt ;+uLt dfq} x} g, h'g;'s} If] qdf klg cof] Uo / To; If] qaf/] ga'em] sf JolQmx? cfpFbf :jfefljs?kdf ljs[lt cfpF5 . csf{] sf/0f ;f] tf / bz{s klg s] xL xb;Dd bf] ifL 5g\ . z'4 afhfufhf kof] u ul/Psf, z'4 kf] zfs klx/] sf / df} lns :j/n] ufPsf uLtx?nfO{ kfv] uLt eg] / dg gk/fOlbg] cj:yf 5 . klZrdf afhfufhfn] el/Psf, klZrdf :j/ / zAbn] el/Psf uLtx? a9L ?rfpg] ePsfn] ahf/df To:tf ljsfp uLtx? cfpg yfn] sf 5g\ . o;df ;i6f klg ;hu gx'g' / bz{s klg cfkm\gf] df} lns uLt ;+uLtklt ;+j] bgzLn gx'Fbf ljs[lt cfPsf] b] lvG5 .

To:t} ldl8ofdf klg h:tf] kfP To:t} uLtx? ahfOG5 . e2f zAb kof] u ul/Psf, afhfufhf / cZnLn kf] zfsnufPsf uLtx? ldl8ofn] bz{sx?aLr k'¥ofOlbbf klg ljs[lt cfPsf] b] lvG5 . To:tf uLtx?nfO{ ldl8ofn] lgoGq0f u/L /fdf uLtx? dfq} ahf/df k7fpg / k;f/0f ug{ ;s] ljs[lt /f] Sg ;lsG5 . ahf/df uDeL/tf eGbf klg ;:tf uLtx? cfPsf 5g\ lg < xf] . uLt ;+uLtnfO{ uDeL/?kdf lnOlbg] / uDeL/?kn] ;'lglbg] ;f] tf bz{ssf] klg sdL 5 . km';{b ldnfP/ uDeL/?kdf uLt ;'Gg] dflg;sf] ;+Vof Psbd} Go"g 5 . ;fob dflg;x? cToGt Jo:t eP/ klg x'g;S5 . /, xfdf] ;dfhdf cln uDeL/ eP/ ;f] Rg] , cWoogzLn aGg] / uDeL/ ax; ug]{ ;+: s[lt lj:tf/} x/fpFb} uPsf] 5 . dflg;x? 1fgu'gsf

s]=;L=, uLtsf/

s'/ fx? eGbf klg xNnfsf] k5fl8 bf} l8g] u/] sf] kfOG5 . /, cfw'lgs ;+uLt eg] cln uDeL/ ksf/sf] x'G5 . o;df hLjgbz{g x'G5 . ;lhn} a'em\g ufxf] x'G5 . uLt ;+uLt, efiff / ;flxTonfO{ a'em] sf dflg;x? dfq o;nfO{ ulxl/P/ a'emg\ ;S5g\ . cfd>f] tfn] cln sd a'em\g] ePsfn] klg ahf/df o:tf uLtx? sd cfpF5g\ . csf{] s'/ f ldl8ofx?n] klg uDeL/ uLtx? eGbf klg xf] xNnf / l56\6} rrf{df cfpg] uLtx?df a9L hf] 8 lbG5g\ . o;n] ubf{ ;f] tfx?aLr /fdf / uDeL/ eGbf klg ;:tf uLtx? k'U5g\ . clxn] sf uLtx? l56f] rrf{df cfp“5g\ / l56f] x/fp“5g\ . sf/0f s] xf] h:tf] nfU5 < klxn] ;i6fn] Pp6f uLt n] Vg nfdf] ;do / lgs} d] xgt nufpFy] . ;+uLtsf/n] klg zAb zAbnfO{ Gofo x'g] u/L ;+uLt ey]{ / ufosn] klg uLtsf] dd{ a'em] / :j/ ey{] . klxn] Pp6f uLt tof/ ug{ klg kz:t ;do 5'6\ofOGYof] . sxL+ st} afhfufhf rsf{] eP jf :j/ gldn] sf] eP To;nfO{ x6fOGYof] . lgs} d] x] gt / ;dokl5 dfq Pp6f uLt ahf/df cfpFYof] . clxn] x/] s dflg;x?nfO{ /ftf/ft uLtsf/ aGg' 5 . ;+uLtsf/ aGg' 5, snfsf/ aGg' 5 . o;n] ubf{ o; If] qaf/] lrGtg, dgg / cWoog ug{] sf] ;+Vof sd 5 . c;n ;h{s / ;i6f x'g klxnf c;n ;f] tf aGg'k5{ . gf/fo0f uf] kfnsf uLtx? g} g;'g] sf dfG5] ufos aGof] eg] s;/L uLt ;+uLtnfO{ Gofo ug{ ;Snf < clxn] sf] cj:yfdf cfw'lgs ;+uLtaf/] cWoog gu/L, a'em\b} ga'emL uLtx? lgdf{0f ubf{ tL uLtx? sfnhoL x'g ;s] sf 5} gg\ . ;a} nfO{ l56f] l56f] rrf{ sdfpg] xf] 8afhL / o; If] qnfO{ dgf] / ~hgsf] ;fwgsf ?kdf lng] dflg;x?sf] a'emfO 5 . ahf/df dfof k] dsf uLtx? g} a9L cfp“5g\ . /fli6«otf, hghLjg;Fu hf] l8Psf uLtx? sd} cfp“5g\ . uLtsf/n] klg Jofj;flostfd} hf] 8 lbPsf x'g\ t < uLt ;+uLtsf ljleGg wf/ 5g\ . tLdWo] w] / } ;'Gg] / aHg] eg] s} dfof k] ds} uLt g} x'g\ . oxfF dfq} x} g ljZje/ x] bf{ klg tL uLtx? a9L aGg] / ;'Gg] u/] sf] kfOG5 . o;nfO{ d"nwf/s} ;+uLt klg elgG5 . km] l/ klg ;i6f eg] sf] ;dfhsf] lhDd] jf/ JolQm ePsfn] b] z k] d, df6f] k] d / hghLljsf;Fu hf] l8Psf uLtx? n] Vg'kg{] x'G5 . ufpg'kg{] x''G5 . t/ eOlbG5 s] eg] ;i6f cfkm} uLt n] v] / cfkm} ufP/ ahf/df Nofpg ;Sg] l:ylt x'Fb} g . uLtsf/ / ;+uLtsf/n] nufgLsf nflu s'g} sDkgL jf nufgLstf{nfO{ u'xf{g'kg{] x'G5 . /, nufgLstf{n] eg] ahf/df laSg] , d'gfkmf x'g] uLtx? dfq vf] H5 . zAb x] / ] / uLtx?df nufgL u5{ . p;nfO{ /fli6«otf / hghLjlsf;Fusf uLtx?;Fu s'g} ;/f] sf/ x'Fb} g . To:tf uLtx?n] /fdf] Jofkf/ ug{ g;Sg] ePsfn] klg uDeL/ lsl;dsf uLtx? sd} cfpF5g\ . /fdf / uDeL/ uLtx? cf] em] n kb{5g\ . csf{] s'/ f hLjgb{zg, /fli6«otf / hghLljsf;Fu hf] l8Psf s'/ fx? n] Vg Pp6f uDeL/ ;i6fn] dfq ;Sb5 . o:tf ;i6fx?sf] sdL x'g' klg Pp6f sf/0f xf] . t/ klg kl5Nnf] ;do s] xL JolQmx?n] cfkm\gf] nufgLdf /fdf / uDeL/ lsl;dsf uLtx? klg cfO/x] sf 5g\ . uLt ;+uLt If] qn] ;dfhnfO{ lbg] s'/ f rflx“ s] xf] < uLt ;+uLtn] ;lhn} ;f] tf / bz{ssf] dg / dl:tsdf kefj kfg{ ;S5 . Tof] ;fdYo{ /fV5 . uLt;+uLtn] cGttM dflg;nfO{ hLjgdf pmhf{zLn agfpg'k5{ / k/] 0ff lbg'k5{ . xfdLn] /rgf u/] sf] uLt ;+uLtn] ;dfhnfO{ ;sf/fTds ;Gb] z lbg'k5{ . dflg;nfO{ ;xL dfu{df lx8fpg k] l/t ug'{k5{ . xfdf uLt ;+uLtn] ;dfhnfO{ ;/sf/fTds lbzfdf 8f] ¥ofpg'k5{ . tkfO“sf clxn] ;Ddsf uLlt PNad / cfufdL of] hgf < d] / f clxn] ;Dd rf/j6f PNad ahf/df cfPsf 5g\ . u'~hg, uGtJo, u'gf;f] / uf] w]n' u/L rf/ Psn PNad x'g\ . clxn] ;Dd sl/a ;osf] ;+Vofdf uLt /] s8{ ePsf 5g\ . /, l56\6} csf{] PNad …uxgfÚ ahf/df Nofpg] tof/Ldf 5' . ;Dk"0f{ sfd ;lsPsf] 5 . sf] / f] gfsf sf/0f ahf/df Nofpg ;lsPsf] 5} g . ;fy} bfªsf ;+uLtsf/, uLtsf/ / ufos uflosfx?sf] kToIf nufgL / pxfFx?sf] l;h{gf ;d]6]/ Pp6f /fli6«o:t/sf] PNad ahf/df Nofpg] ;f] r 5 . clxn] To;af/] of]hgf alg/x] sf] / xfdL 5nkmns} qmddf 5f} + .

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ulh{/ x] 5 afbn jlif{/ x] 5 lg/Gt/ ;fpg] em/L ;Ldf ldr] / vf] nf / gbLx¿ ax'nfxL /x] 5g\ lgd'vfx?sf] 3/jf; u lul//fh zdf{ vfO/x] 5g\ elTs+b} 5g\ kxf8x¿ .

7Ls o;} a] nf lgd'vfx¿sf] uf;, af; skf;sf] hf] xf] ug{ ltg} lgd'vfx¿sf] w] / } dt kfP/ dfly k'u] sfx? ;fgf cf] tnfUg] 5fkfx? hnfO/x] 5g\ s'6L–s'6L dfl//x] 5g\ . l5 s:tf] 3LgnfUbf] kl/j] z o:tf] b'i6 kj[lQsf] s] avfg ug{' < klNt/ a'6\ofgg] / yf] / } ?vsf] cf] t nfu] / /f] O/x] sf gfgLx¿nfO{ sfvf xfn] / uxe/L cfF;' emfb} { x] l//x] 5g\ hln/x] sf] lxhf] cfkm" ;'t] sf] 5fkf] . ljj] sxLg kTy/ d'6' ePsf axfb'/ x? vf] hL–vf] hL lgD5/f dfG5] x¿nfO{ k6s–k6s ;tfpg] u5{g\ ?jfpg] u5{g\ bfgj kj[lQsf dfG5] x¿ . æ;To 8Sb} g em"7 tSb} gÆ eg] em} + ;a} ;tfOPsf lgd'vfx¿ ca Psh'6 eP/ o:tf s's[Tosf] lj?4df km] l/ Pskm] / la›f] x u/, cfjfh a'nGb u/ .

;a}sf u'? gf/fo0f u'? u tf] haxfb'/ a'9fyf] sL gjb'uf{ ejfgL xf] cfbz{ gf/Lsf] ?k 3/ kl/jf/ xf] pHjn kfg] { nIdL gf/Lsf] x'k wd{zf:q z/L/ d5{ cfTdf cd/ eG5 lj1fgn] z/L/ d5{ ljrf/ cd/ eG5 /f] lx0fLb] jL u'?Ho"sL ;To wd{kTgL x'g'eof] hg;] jf ;+3if{df u'?Ho" h] n kg'{eof] wd{kTgL u'?Ho"nfO{ h] ndf e] 6\g'eof] kltHo"nfO{ h] ndf x] / L eGg yfNg'eof] dfgj eO hGd] kl5 lxDdt xfg'{x'Gg tfgfzfxL ;/sf/ 9fNg n8\g 5f8\g x'Gg dfgj eO c?nfO{ kL8f lbg x'Gg hg;] jf ug{ n8\b} hfg';\ s[lt gfd /fVg pxfFsf] pRr ljrf/n] u'?Ho"df tTjaf] w eof] cfTdan a9\g uO{ h] n bz{g n] Vg'eof] wd{kTgLsf] b[9 ljrf/n] kl/jf/ g} cl3 a9\of] pxfFsf] xf} ;nf a9\b} n] vgL b'u'b} { uof] pxfFn] cGt/ åGå v08sfJo, lxdfnL /Tg n] Vg'eof] ;ft ;fndf /f0ff ;/sf/ hg;+3if{ u/L 9fnL 5f8\g'eof] k] ; sfplG;nsf] kbdf cWoIf aGg'eof] klg ;dfh /fi6«n] lrGof] gf/fo0fk;fb zdf{Ho" egL g] tf ljåfgsf] nflu h] n a/bfg aGb5 pxfFsf] ljrf/n] b] zdf cg'zf;g g} ltstf rflxof] eGb5 ;+;f/df n] v bz{gx? cgluGtL g} 5g\ pxfFdf c6n bz{g dfS;{–a'4 g} /x] 5g\ hgtfdf hfu[lt Nofpg k] ; vf] nL kqsf/ aGg'eof] o'uaf] w zLif{s /fvL klqsf 5fKb} hfg'eof] To;avt cGweQm ;fdGtL ju{ b] z} e/L lyof] klqsfsf] lj/f] wdf ;fdGtL ju{ nfUof] tfgfzfxL ;/sf/n] klqsfdf /f] s nufOlbof] ;/sf/;Fu ;+3if{ u/L d'2f lhtfO 5f8\g'eof] klqsfsf] zLif{s gofF o'uaf] w /fvL 5kfO 5f8\g'eof] klqsfsf] 5kfO x'Fbf hgtfdf gofF nx/ cfof] rf/kfFr ;fnlt/ /f] ugsf] 7L 3f] / fxLdf kf7zfnf g} v'Nof] k9\g] ljBfyL{sf] ;+Vof sdL eO{ u'?Ho"nfO{ dgdf lrGtf eof] ufpFdf uO{ af; a;L ;'Vvf /f] 6L t/sf/L vfg'eof] ljBfyL{ k9\gnfO{ r] tgfsf] t/+u Nofpg'eof] pxfFsf] nugn] s] 6fs] 6L ;a} hDdf eP k7gkf7g /fdf] ;Fu rNb} cfof] ;a} v'zL eP To;avt ufpF ;dfhsf] hgtf cGwsf/df lyof] zf] lift hgtf hufpgnfO{ u'?Ho"n] gf6s n] vL b] vfpg'eof] g] kfnL uB kB ;+ux k9fpg] gf/fo0f u'?Ho"n] pxfFsf dL7f dL7f jfrg ;'gL ljBfyL{ /dfpg yfn] s6fO a'gfO l;sfO k9fO ug'{eof] lji0f' uf} tdn] a'g] v2/ ljBfyL{n] nfpg'eof] h'xf/Lsf] 6 gf/fo0f u'?Ho"n] kf7zfnfsf] bfdf] b/ l3ld/] ;] qm] 6] / L ;+: yfks x'g'eof] kf7zfnf clxn] e/tk'/ bfªdf ax'p2] ZoLo pRr dflj eof] pd] / klg u'?Ho"sf] gf} bzs k'Uof] pxfFsf] r] tgf eg] tGg] / L aGb} uof] ;dfhdf ljs[lt w] / } a9] sf] cfh b] Vb} cfpg'eof] z/L/ ljrf/ z'4 ug{ of] u Wofg vf] Hg'eof] pxfFsf] nfdf] hLjg hghfu[ltd} laTof] pxfFsf] cem} cfF6 b] z pHjn kfg'{ 5 of] .

CMYK

@)&& ;fn ;fpg !& ut] zlgjf/ $ lahf}/Ldf zlgaf/ klg ahf/ vf]lng] c7f/===

(Aug. 1, 2020)

lgbfd}=== 5] pdf uf] 7df Pp6f ufO{ kfn] / a'xf/L / gfltgLsf] ;'vsf] hLjg ;f] r] / a;] sf a] a'nfnnfO{ yk lrGtf / cefj l;h{gf ePsf] 5 . klx/f] n] ar] sf] 3/ dflyaf6 klg slt a] nf klx/f] cfpg] xf] lglZrt 5} g .

3/sf leQfx?af6 kfgL /;fPsf] 5 . a] a'nfn ToxL elTsg nfu] sf] 3/df a'xf/L / gfltgLsf] cfTdfsf] zflGtsf] sfdgf ub} { lsl/of a:g'ePsf] 5 . >LdtLnfO{ l5d] sLsf] 3/df nu] / /flvPsf] 5 . pQm 3/df lsl/of a:g glbg] eg] kl5 pxf“ ToxL elTsPsf] 3/df a:g'ePsf] 5 . ;'/ lIft 7fp“df /fV5f} + M ufp“kflnsf a+unfr'nL ufp“kflnsfsf cWoIf eQmaxfb'/ cf] nLn] a] a'nfnsf] Tof] cj:yf b] v] kl5 tTsfn Toxf“af6 cGoq ;fg'{ePsf] 5 . klx/f] cem} v:g] b] lvPsfn] 3/ glhs} /x] sf] Pp6f 6x/f] df af/ a] / ] / eP klg lsl/of a:bf;Dd ;'/ lIft /fVg] u/L Joj:yfkg ug{ :yfgLox?nfO{ cfux ug'{eof] . ufp“kflnsfn] pxf“nfO{ ;'/ lIft 7fp“df 3/ aGg] u/L

pxf“nfO{ tLg xhf/ b'O{ ;o ;o / csf{ ;fwf/0f ;b:o uf] Ë' rf} w/Lsf] k;ndf rf] / L ePsfn] /fxt :j?k tLg xhf/ ;xof] u ul/Psf] dxf;lrj ljb'/ uf} tdn] hfgsf/L lbg'eof] . pBf] u jfl0fHo ;+3sf cWoIf k] dgfy of] uLsf] cWoIftfdf a;] sf] a} 7sn] ;Dk"0f{ pBf] uL Jofkf/Lx?nfO{ ;'/ Iff ckgfP/ Jofkf/ Joj;fo ;~rfng ug{ cfux ug] { lg0f{o u/] sf] k] ; ;Nnfxsf/ /fs] z a:g] tn] hfgsf/L lbg'eof] .

Jofkf/Lx?nfO{ clgjfo{?kdf df:s, k~hf, :oflg6fOh/ kof] u ug{ cfux ul/Psf] 5 . lahf} / L pBf] u jfl0fHo ;+3n] cfkt\ljktdf k/] sf Joj;foLx?nfO{ ;xof] u ub} { cfPsf] 5 . a;fNg] pxf“sf] egfO 5 . ;/sf/sf ljleGg lgsfoaf6 ;xof] ux? cfPsf] / pxf“sf] kl/jf/nfO{ ;'/ lIft9+un] cfjf;;lxt a:g] jftfj/0f ldnfpg] pxf“n] atfpg'eof] . clxn] ufp“n] x?s} ;xof] udf pxf“sf] kl/jf/nfO{ ;'/ lIft 7fp“df /flvPsf] 5 . lhNnf kzf;gaf6 tLg nfv ;xof] u klx/f] n] k'l/P/ d[To' ePsf cfdf 5f] / Lsf] kl/jf/nfO{ ;/sf/n] tLg nfv ?k} of“ /fxt kbfg u/] sf] 5 . lhNnf kzf;g sfof{no bfªn] d[tssf kl/jf/nfO{ tLg nfv ?k} of“ gub / /] qm8; bfªn] ef“8f, sk8f / lqkfn kbfg u/] sf] 5 . lhNnf kzf;g sfof{nosf kd'v kzf;sLo clws[t cd//fh zdf{, lhNnf cfktsfnLg sfo{ ;~rfng s] Gbsf ;"rgf Joj:yfkg clws[t ljZjksfz cof{n, /] 8qm; 3f] / fxL pkzfvf ;efklt yDdg rf} w/Lsf] 6f] nLn] ufp“kflnsfsf cWoIf eQmaxfb'/ cf] nL / j8fWoIf og'/ fh vqLsf] /f] xj/df d[ts af6'nL g] kfnLsf ;;'/ f a] a'nfn kl/of/nfO{ pQm /sd / ;fduL x:tfGt/0f ug'{ePsf] xf] .

kfgLn]===

;/sf/n] u/] g . ;lxb lal;{Psf 5} gf} + M zdf{ /fhfsf]6 l/lk6/ 6fj/df ;fd"l" xs xTof ePsfx?sf cfdf, >LdtL, 5f] / f5f] / Lsf] b+uLz/0f–@ sf} jf3f/L gd"gf 6f] ndf kLl8t kl/jf/n] cfof] hgf u/] sf] :d[lt;efdf g] kfn sDo'lgi6 kf6L{ -g] skf_ sf s] GbLo ;b:o Pj+ /fli6«;ef ;b:o huk;fb zdf{ …ckf/Ú n] cfhsf] kl/jt{gsf] klxnf] xsbf/ ;lxb / pgsf kl/jf/ g} ePsf] atfpg'eof] . …;lxbsf] alnbfg xfdLn] lal;{Psf 5} gf} +Ú– pxf“n] eGg'eof] – …;lxbsf] alnbfgn] g} d'n's ablnPsfn] kf6L{ / /fHon] ;lxbsf] ;Ddfg / kLl8tnfO{ Gofo lbnfpg] ljZjf; JoQm ub{5' .Ú g] skf bfªsf cWoIf 6Lsf/fd v8\sfn] ;lxbkltsf] ;Ddfg g} d'n'ssf nflu Gofo x'g] atfpg''eof] . sfo{qmddf ;lxb kl/jf/ ;dfhsf lhNnf ;lrj 6Lsf a'9f …/l~htÚ, ;'zLnf rf} w/L, eLdaxfb'/ cf] nL, PdPg zfx, ;Gtf] if kf] v] n nufotn] af] Ng'ePsf] lyof] . ;lxb kl/jf/ b] jaxfb''/ g] kfnLsf] cWoIftfdf ePsf] sfo{qmdsf] ;xhLs/0f dbg 3tL{n] ug{'ePsf] lyof] . ;Ltf g] kfnLn] :jfut dGtJo /fVg''ePsf] lyof] .

ef8f ltg{ g;Sg]nfO{ 3/af6 glgsfNg ;jf]{Rrsf] cfb]z 3f] / fxL, !^ ;fpg -o';_– ;jf] {Rr cbfntn] ns8fpgsf sf/0f tTsfn 3/ef8f ltg{ g;Sg] nfO{ 3/af6 lgisfzg gug{ cfb] z hf/L u/] sf] 5 . GofofwLzåo t] haxfb'/ s] ;L / s'df/ /] UdLsf] ;+o'Qm Ohnf;n] o:tf] cfb] z lbPsf] xf] .

3/axfndf a:g] n] 3/axfn s/ lt/] sf] /l;b geO{ j8f sfof{noaf6 /fxt kfpg] gePsf] eGg] l/6 lgj] bgdf lhls/ x'“bf aGbfaGbL cjlwe/ 3/ axfn s/ glt/] sf] cj:yfdf klg /fHon] lbg] /fxt / cGo ;'ljwf g/f] Sg ;jf] {Rrn] ;/sf/sf gfddf cfb] z u/] sf] 5 .

eGbf klg w] / } dn :6s u/] sf] sltko 7fp“df kfOPsf] 5Ú– sxf/n] eGg'eof] – … ls;fgn] ufp“3/df dn ;/;fk6 u/] / klg 5g{ ;Sg'x'G5 . cfof] eg] t ljt/0f eOxfN5 .Ú wfgdf lsg o'l/of 6k 8«] l;ª ul/G5 < wfgsf] la?jf x'ls{g] a] nfdf gfO6«f] hgsf] cfjZostf k5{ . lj?jfnfO{ gfO6«f] hg o'l/of dnaf6 kfKt x'G5 . ls;fgn] ;fpg / ebf} dlxgfsf] aLrdf o'l/of dn b'O{ k6s wfgdf 6k8«] l;ª

kl/jf/ lgof]hg ;+3sf] 3'DtL ;]jf 3f] / fxL, !^ ;fpg -o';_– g] kfn kl/jf/ lgof] hg ;+3 bfª zfvfcGtu{t ;~rflnt hLhLcf/ kl/of] hgfåf/f ndxL gu/kflnsf j8f g+= # df ljktsf] ;dodf kl/jf/ lgof] hg ;] jf pknAw u/fpg] p2] Zon] Pslbg] 3'DtL ;] jf ;~rfng u/] sf] 5 .

3'DtL ;] jfsf] d'Vo nIf kl/jf/ lgof] hg ;] jfsf] kx'“raf6 6f9f /x] sf / ns8fpgsf sf/0f ;dodf

kwfgfWofks

>L cfwf/e"t ljBfno s6fxf t'n;Lk'/ pkdxfgu/kflnsf j8f g+= !! s6fxf, bfª

;"rgf † ;"rgf †† ;"rgf ††† o; t'n;Lk'/ vfg] kfgL pkef] Qmf tyf ;/;kmfO{ ;+: yfsf] d"n sfo{;ldltsf] ldlt @)&&.)$.)& ut] a;] sf] a} 7ssf] lg0f{o cg';f/ cfufdL -@)&&÷)*)_ sfo{sfnsf] lgjf{rg ldlt @)&& ;fn ^ dlxgf !) ut] x'g uO/x] sf] Aoxf] / f hfgsf/L u/fpFb} pQm lgjf{rg klqmofdf ;xefuL x'gsf nflu ldlt @)&& ;fn c;f/ dlxgf;Ddsf] kfgLsf] aSof} tf dxz'n ldlt @)&& ;fn ;fpg #@ ut] ;Dd clgjfo{ ?kdf a'emfpg' x'g ;DalGwt ;a} df of] ;"rgf ksflzt ul/Psf] 5 . ;fy} c;f/ dlxgf;Ddsf] kfgL dxz'n ga'emfpg] pkef] Qmfsf] gfd dtbftf gfdfjnLdf ;dfj] z gul/g] Aoxf] / f o;} ;"rgfdfkm{t hfgsf/L u/fOG5 .

dgf]h nfld5fg] ;lrj

v]d/fh jnL cWoIf

t'n;Lk'/ vfg]kfgL pkef]Qmf tyf ;/;kmfO ;+:yf t'n;Lk'/, bfª

gu/ sfo{kflnsfsf] sfof{no

9f]/rf}/, ;Nofg s0ff{nL kb]z, g]kfn

s/f/df kbk"lt{ ug]{ ;DaGwL ;"rgf † -kyd k6s ksflzt ldlt M @)&&.)$.!&_ >d, /f] huf/ tyf ;fdflhs ;'/ Iff dGqfno -kwfgdGqL /f] huf/ sfo{qmd_ sf] nflu kfljlws ;xfos / o; ufpFkflnsf cGtu{tsf] ;fd'bflos :jf:Yo OsfO{ vfj{gsf] nflu c=g=ld= kb s/f/df kbk"lt{sf nflu lgDg adf] lhd of] Uotf k'u] sf OR5's g] kfnL gful/sn] !% lbgleq dfu adf] lhdsf ljj/0f /fhZj lt/] sf] /l;b ;lxt o; sfof{nodf lgj] bg lbg'x'g cg'/ f] w 5 . kb tx ;+Vof qm=;+= lj1fkg g+= ! @)&&÷)&*÷)! kfljlws ;xfos :yfgLo ;]jfsf] kfFrf} tx ! hgf @)&&÷)&*÷)@ c=g=dL= ;xfos:t/ rf}yf] ! hgf @ != cfjZos Go"gtd of] Uotf / cg'ej M c= kfljlws ;xfossf] nflu M s= l;len Ol~hlgol/ªdf klj0ftf kdf0fkq tx jf cf] el/l;o/ jf l8Knf] df tx pQL0f{ ePsf] , v= slDtdf # dlxg] tflnd lnO{ cfwf/e"t sDKo"6/ ;Lk ePsf] u= k"jf{wf/sf] lgdf{0f / dd{tsf nflu cfof] hgfsf] nfut cg'dfg, ;'k/Lj] If0f / clGtd nfut ljj/0f tof/ ug{ ;Sg] / ljZn] if0f ug{ ;Sg] , cfof] hgfsf] nIf / kl/0ffd xfl;n ug{ 6f] nLdf sfd u/] sf] cg'ej, kf/:kl/s ;DaGw ;DaGwL ;Lk;lxt slDtdf ^ dlxgfsf] cg'ej ePsf] . cf= c=g=dL= sf] nflu M s= dfGotfkfKt lzIf0f ;+: yfaf6 c=g=dL= sf] if{ pQL0f{, @= pd] / M slDtdf !* jif{ k"/ f eO{ $% jif{ ggf3] sf] , #= b/vf:t lbg] :yfg M l;4 s'dfv ufpF sfo{kflnsfsf] sfof{no 9f] / rf} / , ;Nofg $= b/vf:t lbg] clGtd ldlt M @)&&.)$.#! ut] sfof{no ;doleq, %= cfj] bgsf] b:t'/ M kfljlws ;xfossf] nflu ?= $)).–, c=g=dL= sf] nflu ?= #)).– ^= 5gf} 6sf] lsl;d M kfljlws ;xfossf] nflu kf/lDes of] Uotfqmdsf] ;"rL ksfzg, lnlvt k/LIff / cGtjf{tf{, c=g=dL=sf] nflu lnlvt / cGtjf{tf{, &= cfj] bg ;fy ;+nUg sfuhftx? M cfj] bs :jo+n] kdfl0ft u/] sf] b] xfo adf] lhdsf sfuhftsf kltlnlkx? M gful/stf, Go"gtd z} lIfs of] Uotfsf] nAwf+s kdf0fkq, rfl/lqs kdf0fkq, cg'ej v'Ng] sfuhft, @ klt kf;kf] 6{ cfsf/sf] kmf] 6f] *= ;] jf ;'ljwf M kfljlws ;xfossf] xsdf ;xfos kfFrf} txsf] ;] jf ;'ljwf ;/x, c=g=dL= sf] xsdf ufpFkflnsfsf] lgodfg';f/ x'g] 5 . (= ;Dks{ ldlt M @)&&.)$.#! ut] !)= k/LIff ldlt M ;Dks{ ldltdf tf] lsg] 5 .

kd'v kzf;sLo clws[t

lzIfs cfjZostf o; cfwf/e"t ljBfnosf] cfwf/e"t txdf Psd'i6 cg'bfgsf]6faf6 tna

kb]z g+ %, t'n;Lk'/ bfª, g]kfn

kfljlws ;xfos, s/f/df kbk"lt{ ug]{ ;DaGwL ;"rgf † kyd k6s ksflzt ldlt M @)&&.)$.!& g]kfn ;/sf/ >d, /f] huf/ tyf ;fdflhs ;'/ Iff dGqfno -kwfgdGqL /f] huf/ sfo{qmd_ k=;+= @)&&÷)&* r=g+= PMEP÷@# sf] ldlt @)&&.)$.!@ sf] kqfg';f/ o; t'n;Lk'/ pkdxfgu/kflnsfdf ;~rflnt /f] huf/ ;] jf s] Gbsf] nflu cfjZos kfljlws ;xfos kb s/f/df kbk"lt{sf nflu lgDg adf] lhd of] Uotf k'u] sf OR5's g] kfnL gful/sn] of] ;"rgf ksflzt ePsf] ldltn] !% -kGw_ lbgleq dfu adf] lhdsf] /fhZj lt/] sf] /l;b ;lxt o; sfof{nodf lgj] bg lbg'x'g cg'/ f] w 5 .

qm=;+= lj1fkg g+= kb tx ;+Vof ! )!.)&&.)&* kfljlws ;xfos :yfgLo ;]jfsf] kfFrf} tx ;/x ! -Ps_ != cfjZos Go"gtd of]Uotf / cg'ej M s= l;len Ol~hlgol/ªdf klj0ftf kdf0fkq tx jf cf]e/l;o/ jf l8Knf]df tx pQL0f{ ePsf] . v= cg'ej / ;Lk M kfljlws ;xfosdf b]xfosf cg'ej / ;Lk cfjZos kg]{5 M l slDtdf # dlxg] tflnd lnO{ cfwf/e"t sDKo"6/ ;Lk ePsf] l k"jf{wf/sf] lgdf{0f / dd{tsf nflu cfof]hgfsf] nfut cg'dfg, ;'k/Lj]If0f / clGtd nfut ljj/0f tof/ ug{ ;Sg] / ljZn]if0f ug{ ;Sg], cfof]hgfsf] nIf / kl/0ffd xfl;n ug{ 6f]nLdf sfd u/]sf] cg'ej, kf/:kl/s ;DaGw ;DaGwL ;Lk;lxt slDtdf ^ dlxgfsf] cg'ej ePsf] . u= pd]/ M slDtdf !* jif{ k'/f eO{ $% jif{ ggf3]sf] . @= b/vf:t lbg] :yfg M t'n;Lk'/ pkdxfgu/kflnsf sfof{no, bfª #= b/vf:t lbg] clGtd ldlt M @)&&.)$.#! ut];Dd -b/vf:t lbg] clGtd lbg ;fj{hlgs ljbf kg{ uPdf ;f] kl5 sfof{no v'n]sf] klxnf] lbg sfof{no ;doleq b/vf:t a'emfpg ;lsg]5 ._ $= cfj]bgsf] b:t'/ M ?= $)).– %= 5gf]6sf] lsl;d M kf/lDes of]Uotfqmdsf] ;"rL ksfzg / lnlvt k/LIff ^= cfj]bg ;fy ;+nUg sfuhftx? M cfj]bs :jo+n] kdfl0ft u/]sf] b]xfo adf]lhd sfuhftsf kltlnlkx? l gful/stf l Go"gtd of]Uotfsf] nAwf+s kdf0fkq l rfl/lqs kdf0fkq l cg'ej v'Ng] sfuhft l @ klt kf;kf]6{ cfsf/sf] kmf]6f] &= ;]jf ;'ljwf M ufpFkflnsf tyf gu/kflnsfdf kfljlws ;xfos kbk"lt{ ;DaGwL klqmofsf] bkmf -!!_, -!@_ / -!#_ adf]lhd x'g]5 . *= kbn] ;Dkflbt ug'{kg]{ sfo{ljj/0f M ufpFkflnsf tyf gu/kflnsfdf kfljlws ;xfos kbk"lt{ ;DaGwL klqmof sf] bkmf -(_ adf]lhd x'g]5 . gf]6 M cfj]bgsf] 9fFrf / kfljlws ;xfos kbsf] sfo{ljj/0f nufot cGo hfgsf/L www.pmep.gov.np tyf t'n;Lk'/ pkdxfgu/kflnsfsf] j]j;fO6 www.tulsipurmun.gov.np df pknAw 5 .

kd'v kzf;sLo clws[t

lj=g+= kb tx ljifo ;+Vof z}lIfs of]Uotf !÷@)&&÷)&* lzIfs -s/f/_ cf=lj= lj1fg ! hgf lj1fg ljifodf±@pQL0f{ jf ;f] ;/x cfjZos sfuhftx? M !_ x:tlnlvt lgj] bg ! klt -@_z} lIfs of] Uotfsf kdf0fkqsf kltlnlkx? !÷! klt -#_ gful/stfsf] kdf0fkqsf] kltlnlk ! klt -$_cWofkg cg'dltkqsf] kltlnlk ! klt pd] / M !* aif{ k"/ f u/L $) aif{ ggf3] sf] tna eQf M @!,%)).– -Psd'i6 cg'bfg /sd cg';f/_ cfj] bg b:t'/ M ?= !))).– -Psxhf/ dfq_ b/vf:t lbg] clGtd ldlt M @)&& >fj0f #! ut] ;Dd k/LIffsf] lsl;d M lnlvt tyf sIff cjnf] sg ;Dks{ ldlt M b/vf:t lbg] clGtd ldltsf] ef]lnkN6 !!M)) ah] ;f] lbg ljbf k/]df ljbfsf] ef]lnkN6 k/LIff ldlt M ;Dks{ ldltdf hfgsf/L u/fOG5 . gf] 6 M dflyNnf] of] Uotf / cg'ejLnfO{ ljz] if ufx\otf lbOg] 5 . ;Dks{ g+= M (*^*^(@%^), (*%&*@!*(*, (*!#@#%@($

kwfgfWofks

>L cfwf/e"t ljBfno sf]7/L t'n;Lk'/ pkdxfgu/kflnsf j8f g+= !% sf]7/L, bfª

lzIfs cfjZostf

o; df=lj= afnfk'/ sf] df=lj= txdf g] kfn ;/sf/af6 kfKt Psd'i6 cg'bfgsf] 6faf6 tna eQf x'g] u/L Ps aif{sf] nflu s/f/df tkl;nsf] kbdf ul0ft ljifo lzIfs cfjZostf k/] sf] n] ;"rgf ksflzt ul/Psf] !% lbgleq of] Uotf k'u] sf g] kfnL gful/sx?af6 b/vf:t cfx\jfg ul/G5 . tkl;n

lj=g+= kb tx ljifo ;+Vof z}lIfs of]Uotf !÷@)&&÷)&* lzIfs -s/f/_ df=lj= ul0ft ! hgf d"n ljif ul0ft lnO{ :gfts tx pQL0f{ jf ;f] ;/x cfjZos sfuhftx? M !_ x:tlnlvt lgj] bg ! klt -@_ z} lIfs of] Uotfsf kdf0fkqsf kltlnlkx? !÷! klt -#_ gful/stfsf] kdf0fkqsf] kltlnlk ! klt -$_ cWofkg cg'dltkqsf] kltlnlk ! klt pd] / M @! jif{ k"/ f eO{ $) aif{ ggf3] sf] tna eQf M @*,!%).– cfj] bg b:t'/ M ? @,))).– -b'O{ xhf/ dfq_ b/vf:t lbg] clGtd ldlt M @)&& >fj0f #!ut] ;Dd k/LIffsf] lsl;d M lnlvt tyf cGtjf{tf ;Dks{ ldlt M b/vf:t lbg] clGtd ldltsf] ef]lnkN6 !!M)) ah] ;f] lbg ljbf k/] df ljbfsf] ef] lnkN6 k/LIff ldlt M ;Dks{ ldltdf hfgsf/L u/fOG5 . gf] 6 M dflyNnf] of] Uotf / cg'ejLnfO{ ljz] if ufxotf lbOg] 5 . /Ltk"j{s gePsf sfuhftx? pk/ s'g} sf/jfxL x'g] 5} g . ;Dks{ g+= M (*$&*@#**), (*@(%)^)^^

kwfgfWofks

>L df=lj= afnfk'/

t'n;Lk'/ pkdxfgu/kflnsf j8f g+= @ afnfk'/, bfª

hf“rkf; ?6 k/ld6 x/fPsf] ;"rgf † d] / f] lgDg Joxf] / fsf] ;jf/Lsf] hfFrkf;, ?6 k/ld6 8fF8fufpFaf6 3f]/fxLtkm{ hfFb} ubf{ ldlt @)&& ;fpg * ut] x/fPsf] n] km] nf kfg'{x'g] dxfg'efjx?n] glhssf] kx/L sfof{no jf lgDg 7] ufgfdf ;Dks{ ul/lbg'x'g cg'/ f] w 5 . gfd M ;'dg rf}w/L c6f] g+= M /f ! x #^#( 7] ufgf M 3f]/fxL–$, bfª ;Dks{ g+= M (*$&*((##%

/ dWogh L { O "Nodf / f d n g n t f p f r h l 8 ns f/L 5'6df . p f km"6s ub}{ e Aw u/fOG5 f]n;]n ty x pkn

ubf{ b'/L sfod u/L ;a} :jf:Yo ;'/Iffsf pkfox? canDag ul/Psf] lyof] . ca ;+3n] :yfgLo kflnsfl;t ;dGjo u/L cGoq cfjZos ePsf] 7fp“df ;d]t 3'DtL ;]jf kbfg ug]{ nIf lnPsf] vgfnn] hfgsf/L lbg'eof] . 3'DtL ;]jfdf zfvf kaGws j;Gt vgfn, cgld ;~h' e08f/L, ;kgf b]jsf]6f / cfbz{ clwsf/Ln] k/fdz{ tyf ;]jf kbfg ug{e ' Psf] lyof] .

ufp“ sfo{kflnsfsf] sfof{no

Psd'i6 cg'bfgsf] 6faf6 tna eQf x'g] u/L Ps aif{sf] nflu s/f/df tkl;nsf] kbdf lj1fg ljifosf] lzIfs cfjZostf k/] sf] n] ;"rgf ksflzt ul/Psf] ldltn] !% lbgleq of] Uotf k'u] sf g] kfnL gful/sx?af6 b/vf:t cfx\jfg ul/G5 . tkl;n

lj=g+= kb tx ljifo ;+Vof z}lIfs of]Uotf !÷@)&&÷)&* lzIfs -s/f/_ cf=lj= lj1fg ! hgf lj1fg ljifodf±@pQL0f{ jf ;f] ;/x cfjZos sfuhftx? M -!_ x:tlnlvt lgj] bg ! klt -@_ z} lIfs of] Uotfsf kdf0fkqsf kltlnlkx? !÷! klt -#_ gful/stfsf] kdf0fkqsf] kltlnlk ! klt -$_ cWofkg cg'dltkqsf] kltlnlk ! klt pd] / M !* aif{ k"/ f u/L $) jif{ ggf3] sf] tna eQf M @!,%)).– -Psd'i6 cg'bfg /sd cg';f/_ cfj] bg b:t'/ M ?= !,))).– -Ps xhf/ dfq_ b/vf:t lbg] clGtd ldlt M @)&& >fj0f #! ut] ;Dd k/LIffsf] lsl;d M lnlvt tyf cGtjf{tf{ ;Dks{ ldlt M b/vf:t lbg] clGtd ldltsf] ef]lnkN6 !!M)) ah] ;f] lbg ljbf k/] df ljbfsf] ef] lnkN6 k/LIff ldlt M ;Dks{ ldltdf hfgsf/L u/fOG5 . gf] 6 M dflyNnf] of] Uotf / cg'ejLnfO{ ljz] if ufx\otf lbOg] 5 . /Ltk"j{s gePsf sfuhftx? pk/ s'g} sf/jfxL x'g] 5} g . ;Dks{ g+= M (*$&*@$@*!,(*%!@$&($#

;] jf kfpg g;s] sf AolQmnfO{ ;] jf lbg' /x] sf] zfvf kaGws j;Gt vgfnn] hfgsf/L lbg'eof] . 3'DtL ;] jfdfkm{t @( hgf dlxnfn] kl/jf/ lgof] hgsf] nfdf] cjlwsf] ;fwg ODKnfG6 /fVg'sf ;fy} b'O{hgfsf] ODKnfG6 lgsfNg] sfd ePsf] lyof] .

3'DtL ;]jfdf !( jif]{ lszf]/Lb]lv #@ jif{ pd]/ ;d"xsf dlxnfn] ;]jf lnPsf lyP . ;]jf kbfg

l;4 s'dfv ufp“kflnsf

lzIfs cfjZostf o; cfwf/e"t ljBfno s6fxfsf] cfwf/e"t txdf g] kfn ;/sf/af6 kfKt

a+unfr'nL ufp“kflnsf

eQf x'g] u/L Ps aif{sf] nflu s/f/df tkl;nsf] kbdf lj1fg ljifo lzIfs cfjZostf k/]sf]n] ;"rgf ksflzt ul/Psf] !% lbgleq of]Uotf k'u]sf g]kfnL gful/sx?af6 b/vf:t cfx\jfg u/LG5 . tkl;n

t'n;Lk'/ pkdxfgu/kflnsf

em\ofnsf] nflu Knfli6ssf] dR5/ hfnL tyf sfk]{6 kbf{x?

u5{g\ . o;/L dn 5bf{ wfg afnL ;lkg] / pTkfbg a9\g] u5{ . oxL a] nf o'l/of dn gkfp“bf ls;fgnfO{ ;d:of ylkPsf] pBdzLn s[lif ax'p2] ZoLo ;xsf/L ;+: yfsf Joj:yfks ljZj clwsf/Ln] atfpg'eof] . …kfgLn] ls;fgnfO{ ;fy lbPsf] xf] . t/ dn cefj x'“bf wfg pTkfbgdf sdL cfpg] ;+s] t b] lvPsf] 5Ú– pxf“n] eGg'eof] – …b] z} e/ of] l;hgdf dn cefj 5 . cg'bfgsf] dn gkfp“bf ls;fgn] tLg u'0ff dx+uf] df ahf/af6 dn lsGg afWo 5g\ .Ú

ufp“ sfo{kflnsfsf] sfof{no sld/]rf}/, bfª % g+= kb]z, g]kfn

kfljlws ;xfos s/f/df kbk"lt{ ug]{ ;DaGwL ;"rgf † -kyd k6s ksflzt ldlt M @)&&.)$.!&_ >d, /f]huf/ tyf ;fdflhs ;'/Iff dGqfno -kwfgdGqL /f]huf/ sfo{qmd_ k=;= @)&&÷)&* r=g+= @# sf] ldlt @)&&.)$.!@ sf] kqfg';f/ o; a+unfr'nL ufpFkflnsfdf ;~rflnt /f]huf/ ;]jf s]Gbsf] nflu kfljlws ;xfos kb s/f/df kbk"lt{sf nflu lgDg adf]lhd of]Uotf k'u]sf OR5's g]kfnL gful/sn] !% lbgleq dfu adf]lhdsf ljj/0f / /fhZj lt/]sf] /l;b ;lxt o; sfof{nodf lgj]bg lbg'x'g cg'/f]w 5 . qm=;+= lj1fkg g+= kb tx ;]jfsf] ks[lt ;+Vof ! )!.)&&.)&* kfljlws ;xfos :yfgLo txsf] kfFrf} :t/ ;]jf s/f/ ! != cfjZos Go"gtd of]Uotf / cg'ej M s= g]kfn ;/sf/af6 dfGotfkfKt lzIf0f ;+:yfaf6 slDtdf l;len Ol~hlgol/ª kjL0ftf kdf0fkq tx jf cf]e/l;o/ jf l8Knf]df tx pQL0f{ ePsf] . v= cg'ej / ;Lk M kfljlws ;xfos tflnd lnO{ cfwf/e"t sDKo"6/ ;Lk ePsf], slDtdf # dlxg] tflnd lnO{ cfwf/e"t sDKo"6/ ;Lk ePsf] k"jf{wf/sf] lgdf{0f / dd{tsf nflu cfof]hgfsf] nfut cg'dfg, ;'k/Lj]If0f / clGtd nfut ljj/0f tof/ ug{ ;Sg] / ljZn]if0f ug{ ;Sg], cfof]hgfsf] nIf / kl/0ffd xfl;n ug{ 6f]nLdf sfd u/]sf] cg'ej, kf/:kl/s ;DaGw ;DaGwL ;Lk;lxt slDtdf ^ dlxgfsf] cg'ej ePsf] . u= pd]/ M slDtdf !* jif{ k'/f eO{ $% jif{ ggf3]sf] . @= b/vf:t lbg] :yfg M a+unfr'nL ufpFkflnsf ufpF“ sfo{kflnsfsf] sfof{no, sld/]rf}/, bfª #= b/vf:t lbg] clGtd ldlt M kyd k6s ;"rgf ksflzt ePsf] ldltn] !% lbgleq . $= cfj]bgsf] b:t'/ M ?= %)).– %= 5gf}6sf] lsl;d M kf/lDes of]Uotfsf] ;"rL ksfzg / lnlvt k/LIff ^= cfj]bg ;fy ;+nUg sfuhftx? M cfj]bs :jo+n] kdfl0ft u/]sf] b]xfo adf]lhdsf sfuhftsf kltlnlkx? l gful/stfsf] kdf0fkq l Go"gtd z}lIfs of]Uotfsf] nAwf+s kdf0fkq l rfl/lqs kdf0fkq l cg'ej v'Ng] sfuhft l @ klt kf;kf]6{ cfsf/sf] kmf]6f] &= ;]jf ;'ljwf M ufpFkflnsf tyf gu/kflnsfdf kfljlws ;xfos kbk"lt{ ;DaGwL klqmofsf] bkmf -!!_, -!@_ / -!#_ adf]lhd x'g]5 . *= kbn] ;Dkflbt ug'{kg]{ sfo{ljj/0f M ufpFkflnsf tyf gu/kflnsfdf kfljlws ;xfos kbk"lt{ ;DaGwL klqmof sf] bkmf -(_ adf]lhd x'g]5 . gf]6 M cfj]bgsf] 9fFrf / kfljlws ;xfos kbsf] sfo{ ljj/0f kf7\oqmd www.pmep.gov.np df pknAw 5 . bi6Ao M lj:t[t hfgsf/Lsf] nflu o; a+unfr'nL ufpF sfo{kflnsfsf] sfof{no sld/]rf}/, bfª tyf kmf]g g+= (*%&*$%^)!, (*%&*#$!@% df ;Dks{ ug{ ;lsg]5 .

kd'v kzf;sLo clws[t

kf]= xl/k;fb kf]v]n

o;sf ljz]iftfx?M v ! jif{sf] jif{sf] jf/]G6L ePsf], cfsif{0f Pj+ jif{}+ vkt x'g] v km]d kNnf grflxg] x'Fbf *)Ü ;Dd k};fsf] art v lkml6ª ug{ ;lhnf] v cfw'lgs l8hfOg tyf cfkm\gf] 3f]/fxL, bfª -xf]08f zf]?dsf] cufl8_ rfxgf cg';f/sf] ;fOhdf pknAw v lvof tyf wld/f gnfUg] v ;lhn} dd{t ug{ ;lsg] v xfjf df]= (*$$(&#!*@, (*)(%(&!(* tyf 3fd g5]Sg] v ljleGg cfsif{s /+udf pknAw v w'g tyf ;lhn} lgsfNg / nufpg ldNg] .

uf}d'vL xf]d 8]sf]/

;D ks {M

lahf} / L, !^ ;fpg -o';_– glhlsb} u/] sf rf8kj{x?nfO{ dWogh/ ub} { lahf} / L ahf/ zlgaf/ klg vf] lng] ePsf] 5 . pBf] u jfl0fHo ;+3sf] z'qmaf/ a;] sf] a} 7sn] ;fpg !& ut] zlgaf/b] lv ahf/ vf] Ng] lg0f{o u/] sf] xf] . o;cl3 zlgaf/ lahf} / L ahf/ aGb x'“b} cfPsf] lyof] .

To;} u/L cfktljktdf k/] sf pBf] u jfl0fHo ;+3sf ;fwf/0f ;b:ox?nfO{ /fxt;d] t kbfg ul/Psf] 5 . cfunfuLaf6 ;Dk"0f{ ;fduL gi6 ePsf] kef hg/n :6f] / nfO{ tL; xhf/ kf“r ;o %%, pBf] u jfl0fHo ;+3sf ;fwf/0f ;b:o anaxfb'/ yfkfsf] lgwg ePsf] x'“bf pxf“sf] kl/jf/nfO{ ;ft xhf/, ;fwf/0f ;b:o cf] dksfz kfw] {sf] k;ndf rf] / L ePsf] df

;dfrf/

www.nayayougbodh.com/E-mail: yougbodh@gmail.com

;+: yfks Pj+ ;Nnfxsf/ M gf/fo0fk;fb zdf{, ;Dkfbs–ksfzs M ktfk /] UdL, kaGw ;Dkfbs M nIdL cfrfo{, ;x–;Dkfbs M g/] Gb s] ;L d'bs M kltef ckm;] 6 k] ; 3f] / fxL, bfª kmf] g M )*@–%^))*$, %^!#)#, )*@–%^)($*, zfvf sfof{nox? M t'n;Lk'/ – %@)($*, ndxL– (*%&*$)@$!, E-mail : yougbodh@gmail.com CMYK