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(Naya Yugbodh National Daily Apr. 13, 2019)

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x/]s g]kfnLsf] yfKnf]df #@ xhf/ C0fsf] ef/ o'uaf] w ;dfrf/bftf sf7df8f} +, @( r} t . kTo] s g] kfnLsf] yfKnf] df kltJolQm #! xhf/ ;ft ;o %) ?k} of“ C0f k'u] sf] 5 . dxfn] vf k/LIfssf] sfof{non] tof/ kf/] sf] gof“ kltj]bgdf b'O{ s/f] 8 ** xhf/ @( ?k} of“ g] kfnLsf] 6fpsf] df ;f] C0fef/ b] lvPsf] xf] . ;/sf/n] lnPsf] cfGtl/s / jfx\o u/L s'n gf} va{ !% ca{ #! s/f] 8 C0fdWo] x/] s g] kfnLnfO{ olt ef/ k/] sf] xf] . ;f] C0fdWo] kf“r va{ @$ ca{ !% s/f] 8 j} b] lzs C0f xf] eg] tLg va{ (! ca{ !^ s/f] 8 cfGtl/s C0f ePsf] dxfn] vf k/LIfs 6+sdl0f zdf{n] hfgsf/L lbg'eof] . ut jif{sf] eGbf kltJolQm C0f bfloTj ;ft xhf/ $# ?k} of“n] a9\g

vfB ;'/ Iffdf lhDd] jf/ x'g cfux 3f] / fxL, @( r} t -o';_– k d' v lhNnf clwsf/ L uf] ljGbk;fb l/hfnn] vfB ;' / Iffdf lhDd] jf/ x' g xf] 6n Joj;foLx?nfO{ cfux ug'{ePsf] 5 . vfB ;'/ Iff tyf u'0f lgoGq0f sfof{nosf] cfof] hgfdf 3f] / fxLdf ePsf] tLglbg] xf] 6n /] i6'/ ] G6 tyf SoflG6g ;~rfnsx?nfO{ vfB :jR5tf;DaGwL tflnd ;dfkg ub} { klhc l/hfnn] pkef] Qmf clwsf/ k lt Joj;foLx? lhDd] jf/ x'g'kg] {df hf] 8 lbg'eof] . …;a} eGbf klxn] pTkfbs Odfgbf/ x'g'k¥of] . To;kl5 ljt/ s / e08f/ 0fdf klg TolQs} Odfgbfl/ tf rflxG5Ú– kd'v cltly l/hfnn] eGg'eof] – …oL ;a} j:t' u'0f:t/, cvfBj:t'sf] klxrfg / lbOg] ;] jfnfO{ TolQs} : jR5 agfP/ pkef] Qmf;Dd k'¥ofpg xf] 6n Joj;foL cem w] / } Odfgbf/ / lhDd] jf/ x'g'k5{ .Ú pxf“n] af“sL clGtd k]hdf:

uPsf] xf] . ut cfly{s aif{df cf7 va{ #) ca{ (* s/f] 8 C0f lyof] . ;/sf/n] rf/ va{ #^ ca{ $* s/f] 8 j} b] lzs C0f lnPsf] lyof] eg] cfGtl/s C0faf6 tLg va{ ($ ca{ $( s/f] 8 cfGtl/s C0f p7fPsf] 5 . ;/sf/n] rfn' cfjsf] nflu tLg va{ !! ca{ *$ s/f] 8 j} b] lzs C0f lng] of] hgf agfPsf] 5 . ;f] C0fdWo] b'O{ va{ %# ca{ b'O{ s/f] 8 C0fef/ xf] eg] %* ca{ *! s/f] 8 cg'bfg ;xof] u xf] . s'n ah] 6 !# va{ !% ca{df c+z @$ kltzt /x] sf] 5 . r'ln+b} a] ?h' ut cfly{s jif{df Ps va{ $! ca{ kf“r s/f] 8 ?k} of“ a] ?h' /x] sf] b] lvPsf] 5 . z'qmjf/ /fi6«klt;dIf a'emfPsf] dxfn] vf k/LIfssf] %^ cf} +

jflif{s kltj] bgdf 5 xhf/ 5 ;o $$ lgsfosf] %! va{ ^) ca{ (@ s/f] 8sf] n] vfk/LIf0fdf em08} 8] 9 va{ ?k} of“ a] ?h' b] lvPsf] 5 . dxfn] vf k/LIfsn] ;+3Lo ;/sf/L sfof{nodf Ps va{ 5 ca{ ?k} of“ a] ?h' b] vfPsf] 5 . To:t} u/L kb] z ;/sf/L sfof{nodf !( s/f] 8 ?k} of“ / :yfgLo txdf @$ ca{ !$ s/f] 8sf] a] ?h' b] lvPsf] 5 . ljleGg ;+3;+: yf tyf lhNnf ;dGjo ;ldltdf !) ca{ #* s/f] 8sf] a] ?h' b] lvPsf] 5 . cl3Nnf] cfly{s jif{;Dddf b'O{ va{ () ca{ ?k} of“ a] ?h' /x] sf] df Ps jif{sf] cjlwdf %$ ca{ ^$ s/f] 8 ?k} of“ dfq} km5\of{} 6 ePsf] 5 . xfn;Dd tLg va{ && ca{ $& s/f] 8 ?k} of“ a/fa/ a] ?h' k'u] sf] 5 . cfly{s jif{ @)&$÷&% sf] a] ?h'

/sd Ps va{ $! ca{ ?k} of“ /x] sf] b] lvPsf] 5 . dxfn] vf k/LIfssf] sfof{non] krlnt sfg'gadf] lhd k'¥ofpg'kg] { /Lt gk'¥ofO sf/f] af/ u/] sf] jf /fVg'kg] { n] vf g/fv] sf] tyf clgoldt jf a] dgfl;a t/Lsfn] cfly{s sf/f] jf/ u/] sf] jif{e/Lsf] Joxf] / f s/La 8] 9 va{ glhs k'u] sf] hfgsf/L lbPsf] xf] . cfly{s sfo{ljlw P] g, @)%% sf] bkmf @ -b_ df krlnt sfg'gadf] lhd k'¥ofpg'kg] { /Lt gk'¥ofO sf/f] af/ u/] sf] jf /fVg'kg] { n] vf g/fv] sf] tyf clgoldt jf a] dgfl;a t/Lsfn] cfly{s sf/f] jf/ u/] sf] Joxf] / fnfO{ a] ?h"sf] ?kdf kl/eflift ul/Psf] 5 . a] ?h' /sd s'n n] vf k/LIf0f ul/Psf] /sdsf] @=& kltzt xf] .

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3f] / fxL, @( r} t . kb] z;ef ;b:o cd/ axfb' / 8f“ u Ln] lzIfs ;dfh ?kfGt/0fsf] ;+jfxs /x] sf] atfpg''ePsf] 5 . g] kfn /fli6«o lzIfs ;+u7g bfªn] cfof] hgf u/] sf] $) cf} + lzIfs lbj; tyf gof“ jif{ @)&^ sf] z'e ' sfdgf cfbfgkbfg sfo{qmdsf cj;/df kd'v cltly 8f“uLn] o:tf] atfpg''ePsf] xf] . ;+u7gsf lhNnf cWoIf bfdf] b/ a:g] tsf] cWoIftf tyf g] kfn sDo'lgi6 kf6L{sf s] GbLo ;b:o lgd{n cfrfo{sf] ljlzli6 cfltYotfdf ePsf] sfo{qmddf kd'v cltly 8f“uLn] cfkm" hn] / c?nfO{ lzIffsf] pHofnf] 5g{] lbof] lzIfs /x] sfn] ;dfh ?kfGt/0f / ljsf;df lzIfssf] 7"nf] of] ubfg /x] sf] atfpg''eof] . h;sf] of] ubfg ;dfhdf cem} cfjZos /x] sf] atfpg''eof] . cem} klg ju{ ;d'bfo lzIffb] lv 6f9f /x] sfn] To:tf ;d'bfon] lzIfsnfO{ cem} klv{/ x] sf] pxf“sf] egfO lyof] . sfo{qmdsf ljlzi6 cltly g] kfn sDo'lgi6 kf6L{sf s] GbLo ;b:o lgd{n cfrfo{ n ] lzIff;“ u } ;+ u 7gn] d' n ' s kl/jt{gsf nflu 7"nf] of] ubfg k''¥ofPsf] atfpg''eof] . lzIff;“u} pTkL8g, ju{,

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;d'bfosf] d'2f p7fgdf ;3fp k''¥ofPsf] atfpg'e ' of] . pxf“n] ;fd'bflos ljBfnosf] z} lIfs:t/sf] ljsf; / lj:tf/sf nflu ;+ u 7g lhDd] jf/ eO{ cl3 a9\ g ' k g{ ] atfpg''eof] . pxf“n] eGg''eof] – …/fHosf] nufgL cg''?k ;fd'bflos ljBfnox?sf] z} lIfs :t/ / pknlAw xfl;n x'g ;s] sf] 5} g .Ú sfo{ q mddf aaO{ ufp“ k flnsfsf cWoIf e'jg] Zj/ kf} 8] nn] lzIff If] qdf b] lvPsf ;d:of ;dfwfgsf nflu ;+u7g lhDd]jf/ aGg'kg{] atfpg'e ' of] . ;fd'bflos ljBfnosf] ljsf;sf nflu tLg txs} ;/sf/n] cf–cfkm\gf] gLlt sfo{qmddfkm{t nufgL ul//x] klg z} lIfs l;sfO / pknlAw nufgL cg'; ' f/ ge] l6Psf] l6Kk0fL ug{'eof] . sfo{qmddf g] kfn /fli6«o lzIfs ;+u7g kb] z g++= % sf ;lrj efujt kf} 8] n, lzIfs dxf;+3sf s] GbLo ;b:o p4j Gof} kfg] , k] zfut dxf;+3 bfªsf cWoIf c?0fs'df/ zdf{, lzIfs dxf;+3 bfªsf ;xcWoIf /fdk;fb h} ;L, lghfdtL sd{rf/L ;+u7gsf lhNnf cWoIf lvdaxfb'/ 8f“uL, kn] ; kb] z g+= % sf ;+of] hs s] zj yfkf, ;+ u 7gsf k" j { c WoIf xl/ k;fb uf} td, ;] jflgj[Q lzIfs kßk;fb zdf{, PsLs[t clvn g] kfn /fli6«o lzIfs

;+u7g bfªsf cWoIf x's'd a'9fyf] sL, ;+u7gsf k"j{s] GbLo ;b:o ef] h/fh e08f/L, g] skfsf g] tf tyf k"j{lzIfs zf] ef/fd a:g] t, lzIfs ;+3 bfªsL pkfWoIf cgGtf s] ;L, kqsf/ sdn cf] nL, / fdaxfb' / cf] nLnufotn] af] Ng''ePsf] lyof] . ;+u7gsL lhNnf pkfWoIf Zofdf / fjtsf] : jfut dGtJoaf6 z' ' ? ePsf] sfo{ q mdsf] ;xhLs/ 0f ;lrj dLg/ fh zdf{ n ] ug{'ePsf] lyof] . ;] jflgj[Q lzIfsnfO{ ;Ddfg g] kfn /fli6«o lzIfs ;+u7g bfªn] $) cf} + lzIfs lbj; tyf gof“ jif{ @)&^ sf] z''esfdgf cfbfgkbfg sfo{qmdsf cj;/ df ;] jf lgj[ Q lzIfsx?nfO{ ;Ddfg u/] sf] 5 . h;df ;] jf lgj[Q lzIfs zlzw/ 1jfnL, ;"o{k;fb kf} 8] n, /fdaxfb'/ cf] nL, n'dfsfGt Gof} kfg] , t'n;L/fd clwsf/L, zf] ef/fd a:g] t, 8Da/ cf] nL / elQm/ fd 1jfnLnfO{ ;Ddfg ul/Psf] lyof] . To:t} z} lIfs ljsf;df ct'ngLo of] ubfg k'¥' ofPsf :j= lzIfsx?nfO{ klg d/0ff] k/fGt ;Ddfg u/] sf] 5 . h;df :j= lzIfsx? 5qdl0f e§/ fO{ , km;f{ / fd b] jsf] 6f, lbn' ' a fa' ' /] UdL, bfdf] b/ /] UdL, lji0f' j} B / l8NnL axfb'/ /fjt /xg''ePsf] 5 .

xflb{s z'esfdgf r}t] bz}+ @)&% / gofF jif{ @)&^ sf] kfjg cj;/df xfdf ;d:t kf7s, ufxsju{, lj1fkgbftf, n]vs tyf z'elrGtsx?df xflb{s z'esfdgf JoQm ub{5f}+ . r}t] bz}+ / gof“F jif{df k]; aGb x'g] ePsf]n] xfdf] cfufdL e]6 a}zfv # ut] x'g]5 . o;af6 kf7sju{df kg{ hfg] c;'ljwfklt IfdfkfyL{ 5f}+ .

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Ko'7fg, @( r}t . OGbWjh u0f vn+uf Ko'7fgdf sfo{/ t b' O { h gf g] kfnL ;} lgsn] /Qmbfg u/L ;'Ts] / L dlxnfsf] Hofg arfPsf 5g\ . Ko'7fg c:ktfn ljh'jf/df pkrf/t uf} d'vL ufp“kflnsf– ^ lnjfª lgjf;L b] j/fh yfkfsL >LdtL @@ jifL{of t'n;L yfkfsf] Hofg arfPsf x'g\ . la/fdL yfkfsf] :jf:Yo cj: yf gfh' s b] lvPkl5 8fS6/n] cfkmGtnfO{ hfgsf/L u/ fPsf lyP . pgLx¿n] la/ fdLsf] z/ L/ df lbg'kg] { -kof{Kt_ PaL kf] h] l6e /ut pknAw u/fpg g;sL 8fS6/ ;To a} Bn] g] kfnL ;] gfnfO{ CMYK

va/ u/ ] sf] atfpg' e of] .

OGbWjh u0fsf ;xfos u0fklt d] h/ af;'z/0f v8\sfn] u0fdf sfo{/ t g/] z yf¿ / k'gd ufxdu/nfO{ /Qmbfgsf] nflu lhNnf c: ktfn k7fPsf ] atfpg'eof] . …lah'jf/l:yt u'Nddf klg vf] Hg nufPsf] lyP“ Toxf“ s;} sf] ldn] gÚ– pxf“n] eGg'eof] – …va/ kfP nuQ} b'Oh { gf vn+ufaf6} k7fP/ /Qmbfg u/L ;'Ts] / Lsf] Hofg arfpg ;kmn eOof] .Ú laxLjf/ lhNnf c:ktfn NofOPsL tL la/fdLnfO{ ;'hftf yfkf If] qL / Ps hgf ;z:q kx/Ln] /Qmbfg u/] sf lyP . otf lhNnf c:ktfnsf 8fS6/ ;To a} Bn] eGg'eof] – af“sL clGtd k]hdf:

z'esfdgf ælzIfs ;fyL ;a} ldnL ;'wf/f}+ x} sIff, l;Sg] cj;/ ;a}n] kfpg] u'0f:t/Lo lzIffÆ lau]nfg\ x} 5f]/f5f]/L, ;r]t u/fcf}+ 3/L3/L . gofF jif{ @)&^ sf] kfjg cj;/df o; 3f]/fxL pk–dxfgu/kflnsfjf;L cfdfa'jf, bfh'efO, lbbLalxgL Pj+ ;Dk"0f{ g]kfnLx?df ;':jf:Yo, bL3f{o' / ;'v, zflGtsf] sfdgf ub{5f}+ . gofF jif{df ul/g] ;+sNk / ;f]rn] gu/sf] rf}tkmL{ ljsf;, ;d[l4 / Gofodf ;sf/fTds e"ldsf v]nf];\ . gofF ;f]r / pd+un] xfdL ;a}sf] ;f]rdf ;sf/fTdstf, ljsf;df ;xsfo{sf] efjgf ;w} cfO/xf];\ eGb} ;a} gu/jf;L, ;Dk"0f{ hgkltlglwx?, gu/ sd{rf/L, /fhgLlts bn, ;'/Iff lgsfo, gful/s ;dfh, pBf]uL, Joj;foL, kqsf/, dfgjclwsf/sdL{, v]nf8L, lzIfs, ljBfyL{;lxt ;a}nfO{ gofF jif{sf] xflb{s d+undo z'esfdgf JoQm ub{5f}+ .

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z'esfdgf gj jif{ @)&^ ;fnsf] kfjg cj;/df ;d:t g]kfnL bfh'efO, lbbLalxgLx?df ;':jf:Yo, bL3f{o' Pj+ pQ/f]Q/ kultsf] xflb{s d+undo z'esfdgf JoQm ub{5f}+ . u[x dGqfno tyf ;dfh sNof0f kl/ifb\df cfj4

lg0f{o k'gM:yf{kgf s]Gb -nfu' kbfy{ b'Jo{;g pkrf/ tyf k/fdz{ s]Gb_ 3f]/fxL– !% /tgk'/, bfª ;Dks{ )*@–%^#@#$, (*!*^%%^!^, (*!)*!(^(&

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t'n;Lk'/ , @( r} t . bfªsf tLg JolQmsf] ef/tdf d[To' ePsf] 5 . sfd ug{ nluPsf pgLx?sf] /x:odo d[To' ePkl5 36gfsf] cg';Gwfg ug{ kx/L clwsf/L;lxtsf] Ps 6f] nL ef/t hfg] ePsf] 5 . ef/tdf bfª zflGtgu/ ufp“kflnsf–@ sf @$ jifL{o k"0f{axfb'/ cf] nL, @# jifL{o gf] lv/fd e08f/L / @! jifL{o ksfz cf] nLsf] lgwg ePsf] xf] . cfkmGtn] 5fglag ug{ dfu u/] kl5 36gfsf] ;DaGwdf ;TotYo a'‰g kx/L clwsf/L;lxt Ps 6f] nL ef/t hfg] tof/L eO/x] sf] Onfsf kx/L sfof{no t'n;Lk'/ sf kd'v l8P;kL k] daxfb'/ zfxLn] hfgsf/L lbg'eof] . pxf“sf cg';f/ Onfsf kx/L sfof{no lvntk'/ tyf Onfsf kx/L sfof{no t'n;Lk'/ af6 kx/L clws[t;lxt, :yfgLo hgkltlglw / kLl8t kIfsf] Ps 6f] nL ef/t hfg] tof/L ul/Psf] 5 . r} t ^ ut] sfd ug] { qmddf k"0f{axfb'/ cf] nL a] kQf ePkl5 ;f] xL 7fp“sf @# jifL{o gf] lv/fd e08f/L / @! jifL{o ksfz cf] nL vf] hLsf nflu hfg'ePsf] lyof] . ;fyLsf] vf] hLdf uPsf b'a} hgfsf] g} r} t !) ut] ef/tsf] s'Nn'dgfnLsf] eL/d'lg zj e] l6Pkl5 36gf yk /x:odo ag] sf] xf] . b'a} hgfsf] zj g] kfn NofP/ r} t !@ ut] g} kx/Lsf] lhDdf nufPsf] lyof] .

To:t} r} t ^ ut] a] kQf ePsf k"0f{axfb'/ cf] nLsf] zj r} t @% ut] s'Nn'dgfnLsf] ktnLs'xnsf] h+undf km] nf k/] sf] lyof] . cf] nLsf] zj g] kfn NofP/ r} t @* ut] a'emfpg vf] Hbf kl/jf/n] gdfg] kl5 36gf aflx/ cfPsf] lhNnf kx/L sfof{no bfªsf

kjQmf ljgf] bljqmd zfxn] hfgsf/L lbg'eof] . kx/Lsf cg';f/ ut d+l;/ !$ ut] zflGtgu/– @ cd'jfsf @# jifL{o gf] lv/fd e08f/L, @! jifL{o ksfz cf] nL, @$ jifL{o k"0f{axfb'/ cf] nL, @@ jifL{o OGbaxfb'/ las, 5fofIf] q ufp“kflnsf– # sf @( jifL{o ;] js yfkf / pxf“sL >LdtL @@ jifL{of cd[tf yfkf;d] t 5 hgfnfO{ zflGtgu/–@ a:g] $^ jifL{of hfOkmnL ldof“ -d] 6_ n] sfdbf/sf] ?kdf ef/t n} hfg'ePsf] lyof] . ldof“n] cf] nLsf] zj NofP/ kl/jf/nfO{ a'emfpg vf] Hbf ljjfb ePkl5 36gf ;fj{hlgs ePsf] xf] . cf] nLsf] zj kb] z c:ktfn t'n;Lk'/ df /flvPsf] 5 eg] d] 6 ldofnfO{ ;'/ Iffsf] nflu eGb} Onfsf kx/L sfof{no t'n;Lk'/ df /flvPsf] 5 .

To:t} u'NdLsf] O:df ufp“kflnsf–@ ;fljs x:tLrf} / sf] lem/g] 6fsf #) jifL{o ;hg g] kfnLsf] r} t @@ ut] lr/fu lbNnLdf 3/sf] t] ;f] tnfaf6 v;] / d[To' ePsf] 5 . afa' Zofdnfn g] kfnLsf cg';f/ To; 3/df rf/hgf g] kfnLx?n] sfd uy] { . tL ;fyLx?n] cfkm} 5taf6 xfDkmfn] sf] xf] eg] klg kl/jf/hgn] kTofpg ;s] sf 5} gg\ . g] kfnL e'O{df v;] sf] !% ldg] 6kl5 dfq dfly 3/df /x] sf tL ;fyLx?nfO{ c?n] hfgsf/L lbPsf lyP . ;hgsf a'jfn] eGg'eof] – …Toxf“ uP/ Gofo vf] Hg] d] / f] s'g} pkfo 5} g t/ s;} n] s'6] / kmfn] sf] cfz+sf 5, v} s;/L vf] htnf; ug] { xf] <Ú ef/tdf hfg] g] kfnLx? c;'/ lIft x''“b} uPsf 5g\ . s] xL jif{cl3 pQ/fv08df 7"nf] ;+Vofdf g] kfnLsf] kfs[lts ksf] kdf Hofg uPkl5 ;/sf/n] ;LdfjtL{ lhNnfsf kzf;gdf gfd btf{ u/fP/ dfq} hfg] Aoj:yf u/] klg nfu' x'g ;s] sf] 5} g .

Goflos ;''zf;gdf hf]8 t''n;Lk'/ , @( r} t -o';_– Gofo kl/ifbsf ;b:o kbdk;fb j} lbsn] Goflos ;''zf;g sfod /fVg ;s] df dfq} pkef] QmfnfO{ ;Gt''li6 lbnfpg ;lsg] atfpg''ePsf] 5 . pRr cbfnt t'n;Lk'/ n] z'qmjf/ cfof] hgf u/] sf] gof“ jif{ @)&^ sf] z''esfdgf cfbfgkbfg sfo{qmddf kd'v cltly j} lbsn] o:tf] atfpg''ePsf] xf] . pRr cbfnt t'n;Lk'/ sf d'VoGofofwLz gxs'n ;'j] bLsf] cWoIftfdf ePsf] sfo{qmddf pxf“n] Goflos :jtGqtf, :jfoQtf / Gofokltsf] hgcf:yfsf] clea[l4sf] ljsf; ug{ ;s] df dfq} Gofodf ljZjf; lbnfpg ;lsg] atfpg''eof] .

sfo{qmdsf cWoIf pRr cbfnt t'n;Lk'/ sf d'VoGofofwLz gxs'n ;'j] bLn] ] @)&% jif{el/ cbfntn] ;Dkfbg u/] sf sfd sf/jfxLsf] ;dLIff ub{} gof“ jif{ @)&^ b]lv Gofo ;Dkfbgsf] klqmofnfO{ cem} kefjsf/L / u'0' f:t/Lo agfpb} n} hfg] atfpg''eof] . sfo{qmddf pRr cbfnt t' n ;Lk' / sf GofofwLzx?, pRr cbfnt af/ OsfO{ t' n ;Lk' / sf cWoIf ljho kf} 8] nnufotn] egfO / fVg' ' e Psf] pRr cbfnt t'n;Lk'/ sf gfoj ;''Aaf uf] s0f{ cf] nLn] hfgsf/L lbg''eof] .

kßf]bo klAns gd"gf df=lj= e/tk'/, bfªsf] gof“ ljBfyL{ egf{;DaGwL ;"rgf Û xfdf cfb/0fLo ;Dk"0f{ cleefjsHo"x?df gofF jif{ @)&^ sf] xflb{s d+undo z'esfdgf JoQm ub}{ gofF z}lIfs ;q @)&^ sf] nflu o; kßf]bo klAns gd"gf df=lj= e/tk'/, bfªdf cf–cfkm\gf afnaflnsfx?nfO{ gofF egf{ u/fO{ ;dofg';f/sf] cfjZos Pj+ bIf kfljlws lzIffsf] ;'cj;/ pknAw u/fpg'x'gsf] nflu ;Dk"0f{ cleefjsju{df xflb{s cg'/f]w ub{5f}+ . ;fdfGo / kfljlws u/L b'a} ksf/sf] lzIff ;j{;'ne?kdf kbfg ub}{ cfPsf] o; gd"gf ;fd'bflos dfWolds ljBfnonfO{ ;a}n] ;]jfsf] cj;/ kbfg ug'{x'g]5 eGg] xfdLn] k"0f{ ljZjf; lnPsf 5f}+ . xfdf cfsif{0fx?M != gjLgtd lzIf0f ljlw / kljlwsf] pkof]u u/L lzIf0f l;sfO ul/g] . @= ax'kfljlws ljifox? h:t}M c6f]df]jfOn Ol~hlgol/ª # jif]{, On]lS6«sn Ol~hlgol/ª # jif]{, ;fdflhs kl/rfng !* dlxg] / kfljlws wf/tkm{ sIff -( b]lv !@ ;Dd_ sDKo"6/ Ol~hlgol/ª ljifosf] k7gkf7g u/fOg] . #= dG6]Zj/Lb]lv sIff !@ ;Ddsf] k7gkf7g x'g] . $= c+u]hL / g]kfnL b'a} dfWoddf k9fO x'g] . %= Pp6f sIffdf k"j{ kfyldsdf @%÷#) hgf / cGo sIffdf $) b]lv $% hgf_ dfq ljBfyL{ /flvg] . ^= 5fq / 5fqfsf] nflu 5'§f5'§} 5fqfaf;sf] Joj:yf ul/Psf] . &= dflyNnf] txsf lzIfsx?åf/f klg cfwf/e"t txdf k7gkf7g u/fOg] . *= k'/fgf ljBfyL{x?n] @)&^.!.( ut];Dd cfkm\gf] gfd btf{ ul/;Sg' kg]{5 . (= lj1fg ljifosf] nflu cTofw'lgs kof]uzfnfsf] Joj:yf ePsf] . oftfoftsf] ;'ljwf ePsf] . !)= ul0ft kof]uzfnf / efiff kof]uzfnfsf] klg 5'§f5'§} Joj:yf ePsf] . !!= z'4 lkpg] kfgL, xl/ofnL jftfj/0f / 7"nf] v]n d}bfg ePsf] . !@= vfhf3/ -SoflG6g_ sf] ;'ljwf ljBfnoleq} pknAw ePsf] . !#= ljBfyL{d}qL jftfj/0fdf k7gkf7g u/fOg] . !$= ljBfyL{nfO{ kf]h]S6js{ / ;f];n PS;g kf]]h]S6df ;xefuL u/fOg] .

s_ kj]z k/LIff kmf/fd ljt/0fM @)&% r}t @^ ut]b]lv . v_ kj]z k/LIff M @)&^ a}zfv !) ut] laxfg !! ah]b]lv . u_ glthf ksfzgM @)&^.!.!! ut] .

3_ gofF egf{M @)&^.!.!@ ut]b]lv . gf]6M Contestual and global learning nfO{ ljz]if ufx\otf lbOg]5 .

kwfgfWofks– 8f= s[i0f/fh 8L=;L=

kßf]bo klAns gd"gf df=lj= e/tk'/ bfª ;Dks{ g+=M )*@–%^)@!@, )*@–%^!(!#, (*%&*#$#!@ (*%&*#!(&$, (*$&*@^%(@, (*%&*#$^!@

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@)&% ;fn r}t #) ut] zlgjf/

(Apr 13, 2019)

www.nayayougbodh.com

ls;fgsf nflu ufpF ;/sf/ sfo{qmdÚ

 ;fu/ l/ hfn

Ko' 7 fg,@( r} t . ;?df/ fgL ufpkflnsfn] ls;fgsf nflu ufp ;/ sf/ sfo{qmd z'? u/ ] sf] 5 . s[lif tyf kz'kfng If] qsf] / fdf] ;Defjgf af] s] sf] ;?df/ fgL ufpkflnsfn] ls;fgnfO{ ljleGg If] qdf cg'bfg sfo{qmd ;~rfng u/ ] sf] xf] . s[lif k] zfdf cfa4 lgDg juL{o gful/ snfO{ ;Lk, k" hL / kljlw x: tfGt/ 0f u/ L Jofj;flos agfpg] p2] Zo / fv] / z'? ul/ Psf] of] sfo{qmdn] ut cfly{s jif{df #) hgf ls;fgn] vf] / ;'wf/ u/ ] sf 5g\ eg] !* hgf ls;fgn] Jofj;flos ls;fgsf nflu e} +;Lkfngsf nflu ;xof] u kfPsf] ufpkflnsf cWoIf emuaxfb'/ ljZjsdf{n] hfgsf/ L lbg'eof] . o;} u/ L %@ kl/ jf/ nfO{ cfw'lgs t/ sf/ L v] tLsf nflu laplahg tyf 6g] n cg'bfg lbPsf] ufpkflnsfn] hgfPsf] 5 . ufpkflnsf If] qdf pTkfbgsf ks] 6 If] qx? klxrfg u/ L ;xof] u u/ ] sf] ufpkflnsf cWoIf emuaxfb'/ ljZjsdf{n] atfpg'eof] . klxnf] r/ 0fdf ks] 6 If] qx? lgdf{0f ug] {, ufpkflnsf / kefgdGqL s[lif cfw'lgsLs/ 0fdf btf{ klqmof cufl8

a9fpg] cWoIf ljZjsdf{ n ] hfgsf/ L u/ fpg' e of] . : yfg klxrfg u/ L ;fd"lxs?kdf ;xof] u ub} { cufl8 a9] sf] pxfn] atfpg'eof] . pxfn] eGg'eof] o; cfly{s jif{df ;fd"lxs sfd ug] { ls;fg / ks] 6 If] q agfPsf ls;fgnfO{ ;xof] u ug] { of] hgf agfPsf 5f} + .Ú ;fd'bflos pTkfbg a9fPkl5 ;xsf/ LnfO{ klg kj4{g ug{ ;3fp k'Ug] ljZjf; lnPsf] pxfn] atfpg'eof] . cl3NNff] cfly{s jif{df of] sfo{qmdsf] kefj ;sf/ fTds ePsf] pxfn] atfpg'eof] . pxfn] eGg'eof] s[lifsf dfWodaf6 ;d[l4 xfl;n ug{ of] cleofg rfn] sf xf} + .Ú pxfn] of] sfo{qmdn] / f] huf/ L l;h{gf ug] { ljZjf; lnPsf] atfpg'eof] .

Tff] / L, wfg, cb'jf, s'v'/ f, afvfkfng, t/ sf/ L tyf s] / fsf] ks] 6 If] q 3f] if0ff u/ L sfd cufl8 a9fPsf] / kfljlwsx?sf] Joj: yf u/ ] sf sf/ 0f ut ;fnsf] t'nfgdfdf pTkfbgdf ;d] t a[l4 ePsf] ufpkflnsfn] hgfPsf] 5 .

Ps s/ f] 8 ah] 6 ljlgof] hg sfo{ q mdsf nflu ufp kflnsfn] o; cfly{ s jif{ d f Ps s/ f] 8 ah] 6 ljlgof] hg u/ ] sf] ufpkflnsf cWoIf ljZjsdf{n] atfpg'eof] . ufpkflnsfn]

ljkGg ls;fgnfO{ afvfkfng, df} / Lkfng, ufO{kfng, e} +;Lkfng, cfw'lgs t/ sf/ L v] tL ug{ ;xof] u ub} { cfPsf] ufpkflnsf cWoIf ljZjsdf{n] atfpg'eof] . kflnsfn] Psk6s cg'bfg lbPsf] ufpkflnsfsf] ;d[l4 ls;fg / s[lif If] qsf] ;d[l4;u hf] l8Psf] 5Ú pxfn] eGg'eof] s[lifnfO{ Joj;foLs/ 0f ug{ kxn z'? ul/ Psf] 5 .Ú kflnsfn] Psk6s cg'bfg lbPsf ls;fgnfO{ csf] {k6s km] l/ cg'bfg glbg] gLlt agfPsf] 5 . pxfn] eGg'eof] Go"gtd b'O{ jif{ cg'bfg lng] n] pQm Joj;fo gu/ ] clgjfo{ pQm / sd lkmtf{ ug'{kg] { Joj: yf ;d] t ufpkflnsfn] u/ ] sf] 5 .Ú oxL sfo{qmdsf nflu cl3Nnf] cfly{s jif{ d f ufpkflnsfn] ^) nfv / sd ljlgof] hg u/ L sfd cufl8 a9fPsf] cWoIf ljZjsdf{n] atfpg'eof] . pxfn] eGg'eof] of] sfo{qmdsf] kefjsfl/ tf a9] ;u} o; cfly{s jif{df / sd yk u/ ] sf xf} + .Ú ls;fgsf] hf] lvd sd xf] ; egL ufp kflnsfn] s[lif tyf kz'hGo pTkfbgx?sf] s[lif ladf clgjfo{ u/ ] sf] ufp kflnsf cWoIf ljZjsdf{n] atfpg'eof] .

3f]/fxL !& sf] ;fj{hlgs ;'g'jfO o''uaf] w ;dfrf/ bftf 3f] / fxL, @( r} t .

3f] / fxL pkdxfgu/ kflnsf j8f g++= !& sf] cw{jflif{s ;fj{ h lgs ;' g ' j fO z'q mjf/ ;DkGg ePsf] 5 . sfo{qmd 3f] / fxL pkxfgu/ kflnsf j8f g+= !& sf j8fWoIf v''zL/ fd rf} w/ Lsf] cWoIftf tyf 3f] / fxL pkdxfgu/ kflnsfsL sfo{ j fxs k d' v pkd] o/ ;Ltf l;Ub] n Gof} kfg] sf] kd'v cfltYotfdf ePsf] lyof] . sfo{qmddf kd'v cltly Gof} kfg] n] pkdxfgu/ kflnsfn] gu/ sf] ljsf; / ;d[l4sf] nflu kfylds of] hgf 5gf] 6 / sfof{Gjogdf tLatf lbb} cfO/ x] sf] atfpg''eof] . ;8s, ljB't, vfg] kfgL, l;rfO{, lzIff, : jf: Yonufotsf ljsf;

lgdf{0fsf sfdnfO{ gful/ ssf] kToIf ;xeflutfsf dfWodaf6 of] hgf 5gf] 6 u/ L sfof{Gjog ul/ / x] sf] atfpg''eof] . pxfn] eGg''eof] sfd ug{] qmddf s'g} j: tL jf ufpdf 5''6k''6 x'g;S5 . Toxf j8f sfof{no k''Ug] 5 cfufdL jif{sf nflu .Ú sfo{qmddf 3f] / fxL pkdxfgu/ kflnsfsf kd' v kzf;sLo clws[t ;Gtaxfb'/ ;'gf/n] ;+3Lo ;+/rgfsf] lgdf{0f ;u} 3f] / fxL pkdxfgu/ kflnsf : yfgLo txsf] Ps ;/ sf/ sf ?kdf : yflkt ePsfn] o;n] cfkm\g} lsl;dn] gLlt of] hgf lgdf{0f ug{] ePsfn] : yfgLo txsf] gLlt of] hgf lgdf{0fdf : yfgLosf] kToIf ;xeflutf / xb} cfO/ x] sf] atfpg''eof] . sfo{qmddf 3f] / fxL pkdxfgu/ kflnsfsf

kf08j]Zj/L z}lIfs ljsf; s]Gb SEE kl5sf] lah sf]if{ ljut 5 jif{b]lv cldg nf]s;]jf tof/L sIff ;~rfng l6dåf/f ca kf08j]Zj/L z}lIfs ljsf; s]Gb kf=ln= bfª 3f]/fxLdf nf]s;] jf cldgsf] sIff ;~rfng eO{/x]sf] / lah sf]if{ Staff Nurse Science, Amin, cx]j, e]6g/L, h]l6P, l;len ;j cf]j/l;o/ tyf sIff cf7sf] df}sf k/LIffsf] ljz]if tof/L sIff ;~rfng x'g uO/x]sf] ;xif{ hfgsf/L u/fpFb5f}+ . sIff ;~rfng M ldlt M @)&^ ;fn j}zfv @ ut]af6 ;Dks{ M (*$&*$!$^!, (*$&(%(&^!, (*%&*@%#&) :yfg M Od]h Ol~hlgo/Lª sn]h glhs /tgk'/ l56f] 5l/tf] Uof; rflxPdf u0f]z Uof; l8:6«LJo"6;{ 3f]/fxL, bfª

ldngrf]s df5f k;n

dgsfdgf÷/fKtL UofF; l56f] 5l/tf] xf]d 8]lne/Lsf] nflu xfdLnfO{ ;Demg'xf];\ M (*$&*$)!((, (*!)(#(!))

UofF; r'nf tyf UofF; ;fdfuLsf yf]s ljqm]tf M ;Dks{ g+= (*%&*$)&^@

xfdLsxfF /f]x', sdg, uf;, a} vf, d+u'/ hftsf tfhf / lhpFbf] df5f kfOg'sf ;fy} df5fsf e'/fx? klg pknAw u/fOG5 . ljjfx, kf6L{sf] nflu ljz]if 5'6 tyf xf]d 8]lnel/sf] Joj: yf 5 . kf]= cfgGb lu/L

ldngrf]s 3f]/fxL, bfª

df]= (*$*)%$!&(, (*!)(%#$#^

Ol~hlgo/ /fdwg >]i7n] ;8s lj: tf/ , k"j" f{wf/ lgdf{0fsf nflu 3f] / fxL pkdxfgu/ kflnsfsf] cfjZos dfkb08cg''?k sfd ug{ cfux ug{e ' of] . sfo{qmddf 3f] / fxL pkdxfgu/ kflnsf ef} lts k" j f{ w f/ zfvfsf kd'v o''j/ fd uf} td, 3f] / fxL pkdxfgu/ kflnsf j8f g+= ! sf j8fWoIf / fddl0f kf08] , g] kfn sDo'lgi6 kf6L{ -g] skf_ sf s]GbLo ;b:o lgd{n cfrfo{, : yfgLo / d] zs' d f/ cf] nL, hUu' ' n fn rf} w/ Lnufotn] af] Ng''ePsf] lyof] . sfo{qmdsf] ;xhLs/ 0f kf08j zdf{ n ] ug{'ePsf] lyof] .

;Nofg, @( r} t -o';_ lhNnf c: ktfn ;Nofgsf la/ fdLx?nfO{ kmnkm"n ljt/ 0f ul/ Psf] 5 . zf/ bf gu/ kflnsf ! zLtnkf6L lgjf;L ;Nofg ?s'd oftfoft Joj;foL ;ldltsf sf] iffWoIf / l~hts'df/ / fO{, v} / fafËL dfO{ k] 6«f] n kDksf ;~rfns e' j gs' d f/ / fO{ / g} ghLts'df/ / fO{sf a'jf rGbaxfb'/ / fO{sf] lgwg ePsf] ;Demgfdf kmnkm"n ljt/ 0f ul/ Psf] 5 . lhNnf c: ktfndf / x] sf #) hgf la/fdLx?nfO{ kmnkm"n ljt/ 0f ul/ Psf] xf] . / fO{sf] &( jif{sf] pd] / df r} t !& ut] lgwg ePsf] lyof] .

5fnf tyf of}g /f]u ;DaGwL la/fdLx?nfO{ v'zLsf] vj/ Û

s] tkfOF nfdf] ;dob]lv 5fnf tyf of}g /f]ux?af6 k6s k6s pkrf/ u/fpFbf u/fpFb} klg 7Ls geP/ lk8Lt x'g'x'G5 < olb x'g'x'G5 eg] wgjGt/L cfo'j]{b xl:k6n kf=ln= sf7df8f}+sf 8f=P;=s] l3ld/]åf/f k'/fgf eGbf k'/fgf 5fnf Pjd\ of}g khgg ;DaGwL ;d:of ePsf la/fdLx?sf] oxL a}zfv # ut]sf lbg :jf:Yo kl/If0f ul/g] x'Fbf df}sfsf] kmfObf lnO{ cfkm\gf] /f]usf] k"0f{ lgbfg ug'{xf];\ .

8fS6/åf/f lbOg] pkrf/ ;]jfx? M 5fnf /f]u M cg'xf/df ePsf bfu, 808Lkmf]/, sfnf]kf]tf], rfofF, sf]7L, kmf]sf b'jL, ;]tf]] b'jL, hLp lrnfpg], bfb, PShLdf, ;f]/fOlz; PnhL{nufot ;Dk"0f{ 5fnf ;DaGwL /f]ux?sf] pkrf/ . of}g /f]u M zL3 ktg, wft' v:g], of}g rfxgf gx'g], of}g OR5fdf sld lgM;Gtfkg tyf afemf]kgsf] ;d:of, dlxgfjf/L u8j8L, tNnf] k]6 b'Vg] ;d:of, ;]tf] kfgL aUg], lrnfpg], ;?jf of}ghGo, l;kmnL;, ugf]l/ofnufot cGo ;Dk"0f{ /f]ux?sf] pkrf/ . gf]6 M cg'xf/df ePsf cgfjZos sf]7L, 808Lkmf]/, d';f, df;' knfPsf] ;d:ofx?sf] cTofw'lgs d]lzgåf/f pkrf/ ul/G5 . lj/fdL hfRg] ldlt M oxL a}zfv # ut] .

;fy} kTo] s lbg 8fS6/ kljgs'df/ emfåf/f kfoN;, lkm:6'nf / lkm/sf] Iff/ ;'q ljlwaf6 ljgf ck]zg pkrf/ ul/G5 .

;Dks{ M dftf dgsfdgf cfo'j]{b lSnlgs kf=ln= lxdfno a}+s;Fu} Go'/f]8 3f]/fxL, bfª kmf]g M )*@ %^@(*#, df] = (*%&*@#@**, (*$&*&&!!$

cfhsf] s'v'/fsf] d"No ;'rL lhpFbf] af]On/ v/Lb d"No vf]/ sfF6f ?= @)). ahf/ sfF6f ?= @)%.

EofnL km]; xfp; 3f]/fxL !* /emg] f dfp06 Eo" af]l8{ªsf] cufl8 kmf]g g+= = )*@ %^@#*!

cfhsf] /fzLkmn @)&%.!@.#) ut] zlgjf/ r}q z'SnkIf, ltly ci6dL, gIfqM k'gj{;' cfh bfªsf] ;"of]{bo )^M))M)$, ;"of{:t ^M$@M)$

d]if -r",r] ,rf] ,nf,nL,n",n] ,nf] ,c_M sfd ljug] 8/n] ;tfpg ;Sg]5 . cfj]zdf sfd ubf{ ljjfbdf kg{ ;lsg]5 . lj/f]wL / lakIfLx?nfO{ d]xgtsf] sfdn] hjfkm lbOg]5 . j[if -O{,pm,P,cf] ,jf,lj,j",j] ,jf] _M ;dodf xf]; gk'¥ofpbf ;d:ofdf kg{ ;lsg]5 . /rgfTds sfddf h'6\g] ;do 5 . lx;fa lstfjdf xf]l;of/L ckgfpg kg{]5 . ldy'g -sf,sL,s",3,ª,5,s] ,sf] ,x_M af]n]sf] s'/f k'/f ug{] kof; ug'{xf]nf . cGoyf cfnf]lrt eOg ;lsg]5 . csf{sf] af6f] x]/]/ a:bf cfkm\gf] sfd n8\lsg ;Sg]5 . ss{6 -xL,x",x] ,xf] ,8f,8L,8",8] ,8f] _M vfgkfg / e]63f6sf sfo{x?df ;do Joltt x'g ;Sg]5 . kl/jf/hg;u 3]63f6 x'g ;Sg]5 . tkfOsf] a:t'df c?n] bfjL ug{ ;Sg]5f}+ . l;+x -df,dL,d",d],df],6f,6L,6",6] _M e}kl/ cfpg] vr{x?sf sf/0f cy{ cefj x'g ;Sg]5, kl/>d clws /xg]5 . kltkmn sd /xg]5. ofqf ks[ofx? cl3 a9\g]5g\ . sGof -6f],k,kL,k",if,0f,7,k],kf] _M kl/>dsf] kl/0ffd /fdf];u kfKt x'g ;Sg]5 . gof 1fg l;Sg] df}sf 5 . lzIff sd{ cy{ Pj+ ef}lts ;fwgx? kfKt x'g ;Sg]5 .

c:ktfndf kmnkm"n ljt/0f

z'4 kfgL rflxPdf

e08f/L jf6/ ;Knfo;{

lkpg] / 3/ lgdf{0fsf nflu 7"nf] 6\of+s/ ePsf], #)) lkm6 ulx/fOaf6 af]l/ª ul/Psf] z'4 lkpg] kfgL pknAw 5 . ;Dks{ : yfgM )*@ %^##(#, (*!***%(&# 3f]/fxL * -gofF a;kfs{b]lv klZrd_ bfª

nIdLwf/f Hof]ltif s]Gb Hof]= k+= 8f= e'jg]Zj/ a~hf8] ;b:o g]kfn Hof]ltif kl/ifb\ df]afOn M (*$&*$!@%!

t'nf -/f,/L,?,/],/f] ,tf,tL,t",t] _M klxn]sf] ;kmntfn] xf};nf a9fpg ;Sg]5 . ;xof]uLx?n] ;fy lbg]5g\ . kof; ann] pknlAw kfKt ug{ ;lsg] ;Defjgf 5 . j[lZrs -tf] ,gf,gL,g",g] ,gf] ,of,oL,o"_M wd{, sd{ tyf ;]jf d"ns sfo{x?df ;l/s eOg ;lsg]5. lhDd]jf/L a9\g]5 . cfhsf] d]xgt eljiosf] nlfu kmnbfoL x'g]5 . wg' -o] ,of] ,ef,eL,e",w,kmf,9f,e] _M :jf:Yo sdhf]/ /xg]5 . :jf:Yosf] Vofn /fVg' kg{]5 . ;dosf] tfnd]n Tolt kg{]5}g . uf]klgotfsf] Wofg k'¥ofpbf /fdf] xf]nf . ds/ -ef] ,hf,hL,h",h] ,hf],vf,vL,v",v] ,vf] ,uf,uL_M ef}lts ;'ljwfn] vr{ a9fpg ;Sg]5 . dgf]/~hgdf e'Nbf nIfdf ljnDa x'g ;Sg]5 . vlr{nf] cfltYo kfKt x'g ;Sg]5 . s'De -u",u] ,uf] ,;,;L,;',;] ,;f] ,b_M koTg ubf{ /f]lsPsf sfd ;Dkfbg x'g]5g\ . a}wflgs kfjwfgn] cK7]/f]df kfg{ ;Sg]5 . kltkIfaf6 klg ;fy kfOg]5 . dLg -bL,b",y,em,~f,b] ,bf] ,rf,rL_M a'l4sf] pkof]un] klti7f / clwsf/ hf]ufpg ;lsg]5 . nugzLntfn] cK7\of/f kl/l:yltx? ;d]t ;xh agfpg ;lsg]5 .

* gd:t] z'e laxfgL oxfx?sf] lbgrof{ ;'vb\ /xf];\.

;dfrf/

gd"gf aGb} lzjhg dflj ;xsf/LnfO{ gd"gf agfpg] klta4tf  / fh] z zdf{ ;Nofg, @( r} t . zf/ bf gu/ kflnsfsf kd' v ;' / ] z clwsf/ Ln] lhNnfsf] z} lIfs xjsf] ?kdf ljsf; x' b} uPsf] zf/ bf gu/ kflnsf ! zLtnkf6Ldf / x] sf] lzjhg dflj lhNnfsf] pTs[ i 6 ljBfnosf] ?kdf lrgfpg ;kmn ePsf] df uf} / j ub} { pTs[i6 lzIff kbfg ug{ ljBfno kzf;g / Aoj:yfkgnfO{ cfux ug'{ePsf] 5 . ljBfnon] a' w jf/ cfof] hgf u/ ] sf] gof jif{ @)&^ sf] z' e sfdgf cfbfgkbfg sfo{qmddf af] Nb} kd'v cltly clwsf/ Ln] ljBfnosf] ef} lts k"jf{wf/ lgdf{0fdf ;d] t cfkm\ gf] ] rf;f] / x] sf] atfpg'eof] . ljBfno Aoj: yfkg ;ldltsf cWoIf / fh] z lassf] cWoIftfdf ePsf] sfo{qmddf ljBfnosf kc lx/fnfn g]kfnLn] ljBfnosf] ef} lts / z} lIfs ;'wf/ sf nflu gu/ kflnsfaf6 ePsf] ;xof] uklt wGojfb lbb} cfufdL lbgdf klg ;xof] usf] ck] Iff / x] sf] atfpg' e of] . sfo{qmddf g] skfsf kltlglw

/d]zs'df/ uf}td, g]kfnL sf+u]; ;Nofgsf ;lrj ksfz e08f/ L, j8f g+= ! sf cWoIf gj/ fh a'9fyf] sL, zf/ bf gu/ kflnsf lzIff kd'v jL/ axfb'/ ;] hjfn, blnt ljsf; ;dfh ;Nofgsf cWoIf gLdaxfb' / g] kfnL, cg] / f: jljo'sf / fh] Gb e08f/ L, lzIfs dxf;+ 3 sf dw' ; " b g lu/ L, cleefjs gjLg l;+x e8] n, lzIfs t' k mfg l;+ x a' 9 fyf] sLnufotn] dGtAo / fVg'ePsf] lyof] . : yfkgfsf] ^) jif] { Oltxf;df ljBfnon] s/ La @@ ;o ljBfyL{nfO{ lzIff kbfg ub} { cfPsf] 5 . ljBfnon] !)±@ tkm{ Aoj: yfkg, dfgljs, lzIff, lj1fg ;+sfo, l;l6Ole6Laf6 tLgjif] { cfO{ P;OPhL, !* dlxg] s[lif h]l6P, !* dlxg] e] 6] / ] g/ L h] l6P;d] t cWofkg u/ fO/ x] sf] 5 .

afx\d0f ;dfhsf kbflwsf/LnfO{ ;Ddfg

gj jif{ @)&^ ;fnsf] kfjg cj;/df ;Dk"0f{ ljBfyL{, lzIfs, a''l4hLjL, ;dfh;]jL, /fhgLlts bn, Jofkf/L, :jb]z tyf ljb]zdf /xg'ePsf ;Dk"0f{ bfh' efO tyf lbbL alxgLx?df xflb{s d+undo z'esfdgf JoQm ub{5f+} . cgGt/fh l3ld/] 6Lsfh+u lj=s]=

u'?s'n Ps]8]dL 3f]/fxL !% /tgk'/, bfª ;Dks{ M )*@ %^#&)(÷%^#&!)

o; gjHof]lt ljBf lgs]tg :s"nnfO{ s]xL lzIfssf] cfjZostf k/]sf]n] of]Uotf k'u]sf OR5's g]kfnL gful/stfaf6 /Ltk"j{s lgj]bg cfx\jfg ul/G5 . kb M cfwf/e't tx ;+Vof M b'O{ ljifo M c+u]hL of]Uotf M lj=P8= jf ;f] ;/x . cfj]bg z'Ns M #)). cfjZos sfuhftx? M  g]kfnL gful/stfsf] kltlnlk ! klt  z} lIfs of]Uotfsf kdf0fkqsf kltlnlk ! klt b/vf:t lbg] clGtd ldlt M @)&^.)!.)% ut];Dd k/LIffsf] lsl;d M lnlvt sIff cjnf]sg / cGtjf{tf{ lnlvt k/LIff M @)&^.)!.)^ ut] ljxfg & ah] lklG;kn

gj Hof]lt ljBf lgs]tg :s"n 3f]/fxL !# 8'Dd/ufpF, bfª kmf]g g+= )*@ %^#)#( df]=g+= (*$&*%*%(*, (*$$(%!)^@ g]kfn ;/sf/

dfnkf] t sfof{no t'n;Lk'/ bfªsf] ;fj{hlgs ;"rgf bfª lhNnf ;fljs dfgk'/ ! eO{ xfn t'n;Lk'/ pkdxfgu/kflnsf j8f g+= !& a:g] b]js'df/L k'/Ln] lgDg lnlvt hUuf >]:tfsfod u/L kfpF egL lgj] bg lbg'ePsf] x'bF f ;a} sf] hfgsf/Lsf] nflu of] ;"rgf ksflzt ul/Psf] 5 . lgj] bssf] gfddf >]:tfsfod x'g' gkg] { sf/0f eP jf c? s;} sf] gfddf ;d] t >]:tfsfod x'gk' g{] eP jf lgj] bs afx] s c? xsjfnf klg eP sf/0f / kdf0f;lxt of] ;"rgf ksflzt ePsf] ldltn] #% lbgleq lgj] bssf] gfddf >]:tf sfod x'g' gkg] { sf/0f v'nfO{ c?sf] klg xs nfUg] eP kdf0f;lxt / gfd;f/L ug'k{ g] { jf c? klg xsjfnf eP xsjfnfn] cfkm\gf] lhsL/;lxt lgj] bg ug{ cfpg'xf] nf . ;doleq bfjL lj/f] w ug{ gcfP sfg"g adf] lhd e} hfg] Aoxf] /f ;"lrt ul/G5 .

lgj]bsn] >]:tfsfod ug{ dfu u/]sf] hUufsf] ljj/0f uf=kf=÷g=kf= j8f g+= lsQf g+= If] qkmn lsl;d hUufwgLsf] gfd dfgk'/ !u !!# ) ^ !# le=bf] b]js'df/L k'/L o;df bfª lhNnf ;fljs dfgk'/ ! eO{ xfn t'n;Lk'/ pkdxfgu/kflnsf j8f g+= !& a:g] b]js'df/L k'/Ln] lghsf gfddf btf{ >]:tf ePsf] pNn]lvt hUufsf] df]7 >]:tf dfnkf]t sfof{no 3f]/fxL bfªdf, @)%*.)*.)* ut] cfunfuL x'Fbf hn]/ gi6 ePsf], xfn;Dd >]:tf sfod gePsf], hf]t ef]u lgj]bs cfkm"n] u/]sf], sf]xL s;}nfO{ ljqmL ljt/0f gu/]sf]n] pNn]lvt hUufsf] df]7 >]:tf cfkm\gf gfddf sfod u/L hUufwgL kdf0fk'hf{ pknAw u/fO{ kfpF egL lgj]bg o; sfof{nodf dfu u/]sf] lgj]bssf] dfu cg';f/ x'g'kg{] xf] jf c? s;}sf] ;d]t xs nfUg] eP ksflzt ;"rgfsf] xb Dofbleq cfjZos kdf0f;lxt bfjL lj/f]w ug{ cfpg'xf]nf egL of] ;fj{hlgs ;"rgf ksflzt ul/Psf] 5 .

lkpg] / 3/ lgdf{0fsf nflu 7"nf] 6\of+s/ ePsf] ,#%) lkm6 ulx/fOaf6 af]l/ª ul/Psf] z'4 lkpg] kfgL pknAw 5 .

;Dks{ : yfgM )*@ %@@$&& df] = (*%&*@#$(*, (*)!#@^((*

t'n;Lk'/ ^ /hf} /f, bfª

cWoIf

kwfgfWofks

lzIfs cfjZostf

nfld5fg] hn ;]jf

: yfkgf ug] { ;+ s Nk / x] sf] atfpg'eof] . ;f] cj;/ df lhNnf art tyf C0f ;xsf/L ;+3sf cWoIf ?kaxfb'/ vqL, Pg KofA;gsf k sfz zdf{ , KofA;gsf lhNnf pkfWoIf ljho hLPd, t'n;Lk'/ pBf] u jfl0fHo ;+3sf pkfWoIf dLg/ fh e08f/ L, / fKtL ljZjf;L art tyf C0f ;xsf/ L ;+ : yfsf pkfWoIf OGbaxfb'/ a'9f, hg;] jf art tyf C0f ;xsf/ L ;+: yfsf gf/ fo0f e' ; fn, ljBfnosf cleefjs nIdLs'df/ L dNn nufotn] af] Ng'ePsf] lyof] . ;+: yfsf ;Nnfxsf/ e/ t e08f/ Lsf] : jfut dGtJoaf6 z'? ePsf] sfo{qmdsf] ;xhLs/ 0f ljBfnosf lklG;kn l8cf/ e08f/ Ln] ug'{ePsf] lyof] .

z'esfdgf

3f] / fxL, @( r} t -o';_ afx\ d 0f ;dfh g] kfn bfª zfvfn] s] Gb Lo pkfWoIf hofgGb zdf{ / s] GbLo ;b: o O= Clif/ fd zdf{nfO{ ;Ddfg u/ ] sf] 5 . bfª zfvfsf cWoIf gj/ fh ;' j ] bLsf] cWoIftf Pj+ s] GbLo pkfWoIf zdf{sf] kd' v cfltYotfdf a' w jf/ 3f] / fxLdf ;Ddfg ul/ Psf] lyof] . sfo{ q mddf s] GbLo kbflwsf/ LåonfO{ ;dfhn] clj/ nufO{ vfbf cf] 9fP/ ;Ddfg u/ ] sf] lyof] . ;f] cj;/ df ;dfhsf bfª zfvf pkfWoIf blw/ fd ;'j] bL, ;b: o dfwj b] jsf] 6f, zf/ bf kf} 8] n, jfdb] j clwsf/ Lnufotn] awfO{ tyf z' e sfdgf JoQm ug' { e Psf] lyof] . sfo{qmdsf] ;xhLs/ 0f ;lrj uf] ljGb uf] / fyf] sLn] ug'{ePsf] lyof] .

^%)) ln6/sf] rf/j6f kfgL 6\ofª\s/ ca t'n;Lk'/df

t'n;Lk'/ , @( r} t -o';_ t' n ;Lk' / pkdxfgu/ kd' v 3gZofd kf08] n] ;xsf/ Ls} dfWodaf6 t' n ;Lk' / nfO{ gd" g fof] Uo agfpg rfx] sf] atfpg'ePsf] 5 . t'n;Lk'/ & em'd/ ] df / x] sf] xfd f] kx' r ax' p 2] ZoLo ;xsf/ L ;+ : yf lnld6] 8sf] !@ cf} jflif{sf] T;jnfO{ ;Daf] wg ub} { pxfn] o: tf] atfpg'ePsf] xf] . ;+: yfsf cWoIf z'qm/ fh e08f/ Lsf] cWoIftfdf ePsf] sfo{qmddf af] Nb} gu/ kd'v kf08] n] gful/ ssf cfwf/ e"t cfaZostf lzIff, : jf: Yo / / f] huf/ h: tf s'/ fdf cfkm"x?n] Wofg lbPsf] atfpg' e of] . pxf n] ;xsf/ L ;DaGwL cfjZos P] g gLlt agfP/ ;fgf / emf] n] ;xsf/ LnfO{ dh{ u/ L a[xt\ of] hgfsf ;xsf/ L

u'0f:t/Lo kfgL / e/kbf{] ;]jf uf} td hn;]jf t'n;Lk'/ ;Dks{ M v'lj/fd kf} 8]n (*%&*#)($$, )*@ %@@&&*

3f]/fxL ;Dks{ M lvdaxfb'/ b]jsf]6f

(*$&*@)@#&, )*@ %^)@!$

An'a's x/fPsf] ;"rgf d]/f] gfddf /x]sf] lgDg Joxf]/fsf] df]6/;fOssf] An'a's ldlt @)&% r}t @% ut]sf lbg 3f]/fxLaf6 ;/f{tkm{ hfFb} ubf{ x/fPsf] x'Fbf km]nf kfg'{x'g] dxfg'efjn] glhssf] kx/L sfof{no jf lgDg 7]ufgfdf ;Dks{ ul/lbg'xf]nf . gfd M nfnaxfb'/ xf}hfnL df]=;f= g+= M /f= $ k= *^*( 7]ufgf M 3f]/fxL !%, bfª ;Dks{ g+= M (*^%#&@&&@

;Dk"0f{ dxfg'efjx?df l8lehg jg sfof{no, b]pv'/L, ndxL, bfªsf] cg'/f]w  jgdf cfuf] nufpg' b08gLo ck/fw xf], t;y{ xfdL ;a} ;r]t xf]cf} +

/ /fli6«o ;Dkbfsf] ;+/If0f u/f} + .

 jgsf] af6f] eO{ cfjt hfjt ug]{ a6'jf, jgdf j:t'efp r/fpg]

uf]7fnf], jgdf 3fF;, bfp/f ug{ hfg] JolQm tyf jg h+un glhs a;f]af; ug]{ dflg;x?af6 jgdf 89]nf] nufpg] ;Defjgf x'g] x'Fbf jg kj]z ubf{ ;nfO{, nfO{6/, lbofnf] h:tf kHjngzLn kbfy{ lnO{ kj]z gu/f} + tyf jg If]qleq cfuf] afNg] kof; ug]{ u/fpg] hf] ;'s} nfO{ b'?T;fxg u/f} +, jg 89]nf] lgoGq0fdf ;a} ;xefuL xf]cf} + .  Pp6f ?vaf6 nfvf} + ;nfO{sf sf6L aGb5g\, t/ Pp6} sf6Ln] nfvf} + ?vnfO{ Ps} l5gdf v/fgL agfO{ lbg ;S5 t;y{ xfdL ;a} ;r]t eO{ cfunfuL x'g glbg /f]syfd u/f} + .  jg 89]nf] nfu]sf] b]Vgf ;fy glhssf ;fd'bflos jg pkef]Qmf ;d"x, ;a l8lehg jg sfof{no÷l8lehg jg sfof{no tyf O{nfsf kx/L sfof{no÷kx/L rf} sdf vj/ u/L lgoGq0f ug{ ;xof]u u/f} + .  jgdf 89]nf] nfu]df ;fd'bflos jgsf pkef]Qmfx?, ;dfh;]jL, jg k]dL, gful/s ;dfh, ;'/IffsdL{, ;f= jg ;dGjo ;ldlt, jg sd{rf/L ;d]t xfdL ;a} ldnL lgoGq0f u/f} + .  jgdf cfuf] nufpg] jf cfunfuL x'g hfg] s'g} klg sfo{ ug]{ JolQmnfO{ jg P]g, @)$( cg';f/ ljuf] c;'n u/L !),))). ?k} ofF;Dd hl/jfgf jf Ps jif{;Dd s} b jf b'a} ;hfo x'g] sfg'gL kfjwfg /x]sf]n] 89]nf] nufpg] s;'/bf/sf] vf]htnf; u/L kqmfp ug{ / sfg'gL sf/jfxL ug{ jg sd{rf/LnfO{ ;xof]u u/f} + .  s;} n] o:tf] b08gLo ck/fw u/] u/fPsf] e]l6Pdf tTsfn glhssf] ;a l8lehg jg sfof{no, ;'/Iff lgsfo / o; sfof{nonfO{ ;"rgf lbO{ sf/jfxL ug{ ;xof]u u/f} + .  jg 89]nf] /f]syfd / lgoGq0f u/f} +, b]pv'/L, bfªnfO{ x/fe/f / dgdf]xs agfcf} + .

;Dks{sf] nflu M

l8lehg jg sfof{no, b]pv'/L, ndxL, bfª kmf]g g+= )*@ %$)*() df]=g+= (*%&*$!%!$

lagf ck/]zg aaf;L/ c:ktfn

dx]zL, kfON; -Pails_, gf;"/ (Fistulla_ aaf;L/, euGb/, xfO8«f];Ln, lkm;/, dnåf/df df;' knfPsf], lb;f ubf{ /ut b]lvPsf] /f]usf] ljgfck/]zg cf} iflwåf/f !))Ü Uof/]G6Lsf ;fy pkrf/ ul/G5 .

+ 8f=kL= d08n +

7]ufgf M s[i0fgu/ af]8{/ ef/tLo eG;f/ ljefub]lv cufl8 df]8sf] 5]pFdf -/fh' zfxLsf] ;6/_ a9gL ;Dks{ M (*!!(*$@&)÷(*^#^%*#)) gf]6 M /f]u lgsf] geP k} ;f lkmtf{ .

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xf]nf zfob b'O{hgf Psn ¥oflˆ6ª ub}{ l/ Dgf hfFb} u/ ]sf e]l6P . o;nfO{ s]xL a]/ x]¥of}+, ¥ofkm\l6ªsf] tl:j/ / lel8of] s}b u/ ]/ xfdL cufl8 a9\of+} . cln k/ ;'Gb/ a:tL e]l6of], h'g dgsfau/ / x]5 . clxn];Dd pQ/ tkm{ uPsf] af6f] ca eg] k"j{ nfUb}5 . s]xLa]/ df lqj]0fL ahf/ cfof], oxfF k'Ubf sl/a !@ ah]sf] lyof] . oxfFb]lv s]xLk/ b'O{ lbgklxn] 9'Ë] klx/ f] v;]/ 6\ofS6/ g} k'/ ]/ 8«fOe/ 3fOt] ePsf / x]5g\ . :yfgLosf] ;xfotfn] 6\ofS6/ lgsfn] klg af6f] aGb / x]5, h;sf sf/ 0f 6\ofS6/ x? lqa]0fL ahf/ d} / f]lsPsf lyP . xfdL s]xLa]/ of] ahf/ df / f]lsPkl5 gf:tf

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gDa/ rf/ / x]5 . 8f]Nkf gk'Ubf;Dd 7"nLe]/ L gbLsf] lsgf/ }lsgf/ lx+8\g'k5{ . Psftkm{ eL/ , csf]{tkm{ e]/ L gbLsf] tL/ . ToxL eP/ xf]nf ;8s lsgf/ df w]/ } ufpF b]lvb}gy] .

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d':tfª / rLgsf] ltAat, klZrd d'u' / h'Dnf, pQ/ df ltAat, blIf0fdf hfh/ sf]6, ?s'dklZrd, ?s'dk"j{ / DofUbL lhNnfsf] aLrdf / x]sf] ef}uf]lns lx;fan] g]kfnsf] ;a}eGbf 7"nf] lhNnf 8f]Nkf :ju{af6 em/ ]sf] Pp6f 6'qmf h:tf] 5 . h'kmfnaf6 s]xLa]/ d} lqk'/ f ;'Gb/ L k'luG5 . lqk'/ f ahf/ df ut jif{sf :ofp 8f]sfdf / fv]/ ahf/ nlu/ x]sf e]l6P . lqk'/ f;'Gb/ L gu/ kflnsf–$ :ofpsf nflu lgs} rlr{t / x]5 . g]kfns} ;aeGbf a9L :ofp kmNg] 7fpFF xf] / x]5 of] ufpF . kfFr

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?k}ofF bfgf :ofp ToxL+ laqmL x'Fbf]/ x]5 . oxL ahf/ sf] glhs} lqk'/ f ;'Gb/ L eujtLsf] dlGb/ 5 . 8f]Nkf k|fs[lts ;f+:s[lts dfq} geO{ wfld{s lx;fan] klg dxTjk"0f{ xf] eGg] b]lvG5 of] dlGb/ af6 . ltAat;Fu l;dfgf hf]l8Psfn] xf]nf cglulGt af}4 :t'kf tyf u'Dafx? Klg b]Vg ;lsG5 . ef/ t ;/ sf/ n] lgdf{0f ul/ lbPsf] lqk'/ f;'Gb/ L dlGb/ 8f]Nkf lhNnfsf] k|l;4 wfld{s:yn dflgG5 . cfkm}+df ;'Gb/ / k|fs[lts ;Dkbfn] el/ k"0f{ 5 8f]Nkf . e]/ L gbLsf] lt/ }lt/ k'Ug ;lsG5 8f]Nkf, hxfF d bfªaf6 df]6/ ;fOsnd} k'u]/ kmls{PF .

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Saturday 13 Apr., 2019

www.saugat.nayayougbodh.com

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3f]/ fxLb]lv Ps 306fd} xf]n]/ L 3f]/ fxLaf6 lx8]sf] Ps 306fd} k'Uof}+ xfdL xf]n]/ L . dnfO{ s]xL ;docl3 xf]n]/ Ldf uha;Fu lxpF k/ ]sf] clg bfªaf6 w]/ } ;fyLx? lxpF v]n]/ cfPsf] ;Demgf eof] . xf]n]/ L k'Ubf ;a}eGbf klxn] xfdLnfO{ ToxfFsf] zLtn / :jR5 xfjf, af6f] jl/ kl/ nx/ } plePsf xl/ of ?v clg aLraLrdf / ft} km'n]sf u'/ fF;sf xfFufx?n] j8f] cfTdLotfk"j{s :jfut u/ ] . To;kl5 cfof]hs ;++:yf ?G6Lu9L ufpFkflnsfsf cWoIf, sfo{qmdsf ;b:o ;lrj bLkbk{0f nufotsf ;fyLx?n] :jfut;Fu}

enfs';f/ L ug{ cfOk'u] . ;a}n] cfcfkm\gf Aofux? yGsfof}+ xf]6]ndf . xfd|f] efudf k/ ]sf] lyof], xf]n]/ Lsf] l;d|g xf]6]n PG8 / ]:6'/ ]G6 . kfFr tnfsf] ;'ljwf;DkGg eGg ;lsg] xf]6]n . xf]6]n d]/ f k"j{kl/ lrt ldq ;'gLn a'9fsf] 3/ df / x]5, rnfPsf / x]5g\ pgsf elthfn] . ljxfgsf] sfo{qmd;"rLdf ;dfj]z ul/ Psf] / x]5 u9Ln]ssf] ofqf . lrofkfgkl5 xfdL s]xL dfly;Dd uf8Ld} psfnL r9\of}+ clg km]l/ k}bn} k}bn lx8]/ u9Ln]s . ;fydf cfof]hs ;fyLx? klg x'g'x'GYof] xfdL;Fu . lrofdf afFemsf] / ; uf8Laf6 cf]ln{P/ bz ldg]6 hltsf] k+}bnofqfkl5 u9Ln]s k'luof] . ;a}eGbf klxn] xfd|f] 6f]nL k'u]sf] lyof] n]sdf . To;df kmf]6f] kqsf/ s'nbLk Gof}kfg], efO Jof]dhL cjtf/ , v]d/ fh ufpFn], kqsf/ g/ ]Gb| s]=;L=cflb x'g'x'GYof] . ;a} ;fyLx? k'u]kl5 xfdLnfO{ :jfut ul/ of] / ftf] u'/ fF;sf] dfnf / cjL/ n] . u9Ln]s ?G6L wfld{s tyf ko{6sLo ljsf; ;+:yfsf cWoIf Clif/ fd >]i7n] u9Ln]ssf] P]ltxfl;s, k|fs[lts / ;fF:s[lts lrgf/ L k|:t't u/ ] .

ToxfF k'Ug !)* kf}nL ePsf] sl/ a gf} ;o ld6/ nfdf] kSsL l;9L agfOPsf] / x]5 . ?G6Lu9L— ^ df kg]{ of] u9Ln]s rf}/ df ltgj6f k|tLIffno, Pp6f cfaf; ejg, Pp6f lzjdlGb/ , Pp6f s'6L, Pp6f u0f]z dlGb/ , Pp6f cfsfz] kfgL ;ª\sng 6\ofª\sL, zf}rfno clg %^ lkm6 cUnf] Eo'6fj/ / x]5g\ . >]i7sf egfOdf s'g} ;do ?b|aL/ zfxL gfdsf ;NofgL / fhf -afO;] rf}la;] _ n] o; If]qdf / fHo u/ ]sf], pgsf] b/ af/ sf] eUgfjz]if cem} / x]sf] clg zq';Fu aRgsf nflu agfOPsf] lsNnf -aª\s/ _ klg cem} 5g\ . ;d'b|L ;txaf6 sl/ a @@ ;o ld6/ cUnf] prfOdf / x]sf] u9Ln]sdf af3, / t'jf, efn'h:tf jGohGt' b]lvg] clg 9's'/ , sflnh, sf]OnL, GofpnL, h'/ ]nL, lra]r/ fh:tf k+IfLx? / xg] u/ ]sf 5g\ . o:t} sfkmn, r'qf], P];]n', ltg', u'onLh:tf kmnkm'n kfOG5g\ . u'/ fF; t oxfFsf] d'Vo cfsif{0f eO{ g} xfNof] . oxfFaf6 g]kfnsf ljleGg lhNnf, pQ/ lt/ sf w]/ } lxdfn, ljzfn bfª pkTosf clg ef/ tsf ?k}l8xf, ax/ fOhh:tf 7fFp klg b]Vg ;lsg] :yfgLox?n] atfP . xfdLnfO{ pgLx?n] lrofla:s'6 v'jfP . lrof klg cuf{lgs . :yfgLo afFemsf] rf]kaf6 ag]sf] lrof cyjf afFemsf] / ; xfn]sf] lrof . ;fyLx?n] ykLykL lkP, To;sf] :jfb} a]Un} . ldq gjLg ljef;n] 3f]/ fxLdf / xg' ePsL *! jif]{ lj/ fdL cfdfnfO{ lrofdf / flvlbgsf nflu afFemsf] / ; lsGg vf]h]sf lyP, t/ st} kfOPg . u}/ fdf lzjkfj{tL u'kmf To;kl5 xfdL uof}+ lzjkfj{tL u'kmf . xf]n]/ Lb]lv cln tnsf] vf]Frdf / x]5 Tof] . ToxfF klg u'/ fF;sf] km"n / caL/ n] g} :jfut ul/ of] . kqsf/ ldq dx]Gb| / f]sf;Fu ToxL e]6 eof], d}n] pgnfO{ laxfg} vf]h]sf] lyPF . ToxfF k'u]/ ;a}h;f]n] lr;f] kfgL lkof}F clg nfUof}+ u'kmfleq . kxf8sf] aLr} efudf / x]5 u'kmf . u'kmf hfg] af6f agfOPsf] 5 . af6fsf] l9slt/ / ]lnª ag]sf 5g\ kmnfdsf clg u'kmfleq aQLx? h8fg ePsf 5g\ . u'kmfleq ljleGg b]jtfsf d"lt{x? / x]sf 5g\, 9'ª\ufsf ljleGg snfTds cfs[ltx? t x'g] g} eP . ?G6Lu9L— &, u}/ fdf / x]sf] of] u'kmf @)^* ;fndf dfq kQf nfu]sf] / x]5 . :yfgLo e/ t k'g / ltns la=s=n] kQf nufPsf] of] u'kmf ;d'b| ;txb]lv sl/ a !& ;o ld6/ sf] prfOdf / x]sf] 5 . xf]n]/ L ahf/ b]lv ltg lsnf]ld6/ sf] b"/ Ldf / x]sf] u'kmf ;+/ If0fsf nflu >L lzj kfj{tL u'kmf tyf k|s[lt ;+/ If0f

ljsf; ;+:yf gfds ;+:yf btf{ @)^( ;fnd} ul/ Psf] cWoIf 6]snfn k'gn] hfgsf/ L lbP . u'kmfsf] 5]pd} uhasf] uf8L kfls{ª :yn ag]sf] / x]5 clxn] . ljxfgsf] vfgfkl5 cf}krfl/ s sfo{qmd k|f/ De eof] . cIf/ dxf]T;jdf ljleGg ;];g lyP b'O{ lbg g} . klxnf] lbgsf] klxnf] ;];g lyof] sljtfsf] . gjLg nf]rg du/ n] ;+of]hg u/ ]sf] sljtfdf df6f]sf] uGw zLif{ssf] ;];gdf :yfgLo s]xL / s]xL aflx/ sf o'jf sljx?n] cfkm\gf sljtf jfrg u/ ] . cd/ Gof}kfg]n] rnfPsf] snf, / fhgLlt / / ª\u gfdsf] bf];|f] ;];gdf ;+ljwfgljb\ 8f=eLdfh'{g cfrfo{ / ;f+;b sf]dn jnLn] cfkm\gf ljrf/ x? k|:t't u/ ] . To;kl5sf] OGb|]gL / ª\x? zLif{ssf] afa' lqkf7Ln] rnfPsf] ;];gdf klg ljleGg sljsf sljtfx? jfrg ul/ P . åGådf kqsfl/ tf gfds kqsfl/ tf;Fu ;DalGwt g/ ]Gb| s]=;L=n] rnfPsf] ;];gdf kqsf/ x? / fhf/ fd uf}td, pbo hLPd / sfzL/ fd 8fFuLsf] k|:t'lt lyof] . To;df kqsf/ x? ljk'n kf]v/ ]n, v]d a'9f cflbn] cfkm\gf ljrf/ x? / fv]sf lyP . tf/ f v;]sf] d'?Nn] n]s bf];|f] lbg ljxfg} xfdLnfO{ 3'dfpg nluof] xf]n]/ L ahf/ s} 5]pdf / x]sf] d'?Nn] v]s . cUnf] 8fF8fdf / x]sf] n]saf6 b]lvbf] / x]5 bfª pkTosfsf k|foM ;a} e"efu . n]sd} lyof] Pp6f vfN8f] . To;nfO{ tf/ f v;]sf] eGbf / x]5g\ :yfgLox? . cfsfz k"/ } ;kmf ePsf] a]nf b"/ jLgn] x]g]{ xf] eg] ef/ tsf] an/ fdk'/ , t'N;Lk'/ / nvgp;Dd klg b]lvG5 eGy] sltkon] . pQ/ lt/ sf ;]tf lxdfn eg] xfdLn] klg dhf;Fu} b]Vof}+ l;:g]b]lv df5fk'R5|];Ddsf ;a}h;f] . ;lxb dfu{ xf]n]/ L ahf/ b]lv sl/ a ltg lsnf]ld6/ blIf0f klZrd tyf ;d'b| ;txb]lv @!^% ld6/ prfOdf / x]sf] d'?Nn] n]snfO{ la=;+= @))* ;fnlt/ } ef/ taf6 cfPsf] Pp6f 6f]nLn] ;e]{ u/ ]sf] hfgsf/ L lbOof] . ToxfF klg pxL / ft} u'/ fF; / / ft} cjL/ n] :jfut ul/ of] xfdLnfO{ . s]xL ;do d'?Nn] wfld{s ljsf; tyf k|s[lt ;+/ If0f ;+:yfsf cWoIf r]tnfn k'gn] To;af/ ] hfgsf/ L klg u/ fP . pgn] :yfgLo hgtfsf] lj/ f]w x'Fbfx'Fb} ToxL n]vd'lgaf6 s'g} l;d]G6 pBf]usf nflu r'g9'ª\uf lgsfNg] cg'dlt lbOPsf]df b'Mv JoQm klg u/ ] .

To;kl5 xfdL bxjgsf] Aof/ ]snfO{ afofF kf/ ]/ sl/ a 8]9 306fsf] uf8Lofqfkl5 k'Uof}+ rlr{t 7fpF ?G6L . klxn] bxjgdf dfcf]jfbL ;]gfsf] lzlj/ lyof], clxn] To;}df g]kfnL ;]gf a;]sf] / x]5 . ?G6Ldf klg pxL / ftf] u'/ fF; / / ftf] cla/ n] g} :jfut ul/ of] xfdLnfO{ . :ju{åf/ L tk:jLsf] hGdynf]df / x]sf] dlGb/ df k"hfcfhf / k|;fb u|x0f rNof] s]xLa]/ cltly ;|i6fx?af6 . udL{ / ef]sn] ;tfOPsf xfdLnfO{ dxL klg v'jfOof] . ?G6Lsf] P]ltxfl;s dxTj / ;Defjgfaf/ ] 5f]6s/ Ldf hfgsf/ L klg lbOof] . To;kl5 k'gM xfdL kmls{of}+ xf]n]/ L g}, hxfF xfd|f nflu ef]hgn] Jou|tfk"j{s klv{/ x]sf] lyof] . bf];|f] lbgsf] sfo{qmd d}/ f]df sljtfaf6 k|f/ De eof] . / flwsf clwsf/ Ln] ;~rfng u/ ]sf] o; ;];gdf slj e"lkg, lgd]if lglvn, lj=lk c:t', gf}nf] bLk du/ , efg' cgfldsf, dx]Gb| / f]sf, gjLg nf]rg du/ , bLks zdf{ ;dL/ , bLk bk{0f, cfsfª\Iff bLk, gjLg zdf{, e/ t s]=;L= ;~ho bLkn] cfkm\gf sljtf ;'gfP . o;} ;];gdf sfo{qmdel/ s} Ps dfq du/ efiffsf] sljtf ;'gfP slj Jof]dhL cjtf/ n] .

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a'9fsf cg';f/ / f]Nkfdf hgo'4e/ ( ;o ^( hgf ;lxb eP, @@ hgf cem} a]kQf 5g\, #@# hgf ljwjf ePsf 5g\ . åGåkl5 l8k|];g a9]sf] 5, utjif{dfq} ^^ hgfn] cfTdxTof u/ ]sf] tYofª\s 5 . / f]Nkfsf] ;'b"/ j:tLdf cem} / fHosf] s'g} uGw k'u]sf] 5}g . gjLg ljef;sf zAbdf uf}/ jk"0f{ ljutsyf / elgg afFsL syfx? w]/ } ePsf] l;h{gfsf] elh{gNofG8 xf] / f]Nkf . k|af;L hLjgsf kL8f / ljjztfdfq} xf]Og / f]Nkfsf] du/ ;+:s[lt / hLjgaf/ ] w]/ } n]lvg afFsL 5 . s'g} ;do / f]Nkfsf] :yfgLo ljsf; clwsf/ L eP/ sfd u/ ]sf slj / d]z lIflthn] kl5Nnf] ;dodf cfP/ ljsf; lgdf{0f / r]tgfdf lj:tf/ eO/ x]sf]df v';L JoQm u/ ] . jl/ i7 snfsf/ dbgs[i0f >]i7n] n]vg ;sf/ fTds ;Gb]zsf nflu x'g'kg]{ atfP . cd/ Gof}kfg]n] ;+of]hg u/ ]sf] hLjg, ldqtf / ;dfh zLif{ssf] z[ª\vnfdf plePsf >]i7n] cfkm\gf] ljut / jt{dfgnfO{ v'n:t kf/ ]sf lyP . klxnf] kN6 / f]Nkf k'u]sf >]i7n] s]xL aLraLrdf s]xL uLtx? klg ;'gfP . o;} lbg afa' lqkf7Ln] rnfPsf] OGb|]gL / ªx?, gjLg ljef;n] rnfPsf] ;+:s[lt, ;flxTo / ;d[l4 clg j;Gt cfrfo{n] rnfPsf] 5f]l8Psf syfx? gfds ;];g klg lyP . OGb|]gL / ªx?df w]/ } o'jfsljx?n] cfkm\ gf sljtf k|:t't u/ ] eg] 5f]l8Psf syfx?df gog/ fh kf08], cd/ Gof}kfg] / cr{gf yfkfn] syf, hLjg / ;dfhaLrsf cGt{;DaGwaf/ ] ljdz{ u/ ] . o:t} gjLgn] rnfPsf] ;+:s[lt, ;flxTo / ;d[l4 gfds z[ª\vnfdf plePsf ;+:s[ltljb\ t'n;L lbj;n] g]kfnL ;dfhsf] rl/ q, nf]shLjg, efiff;flxTo / l;h{gfsf] dxTjaf/ ] cfkm\gf] b[li6sf]0f / fv] . kflnsfs} g]t[Tjdf du/ t/ == cfof]hs ?G6Lu9L ufpFkflnsfdf / x]sf gf} j8fdWo] cf7 j8fsf cWoIf du/ ;d'bfosf 5g\ . kflnsf cWoIf afnf/ fd a'9f / pkfWoIf 5dfof k'g klg du/ g} eP . / f]Nkfdf sl/ a $% k|ltzt du/ x?sf] a;f]af; 5 . pgLx?sf] cfkm\g} Oltxf;, ;+:s[lt / efiff klg 5 . t/ b'O{lbg] sfo{qmddf To;af/ ] s'g} ;];g g/ flvPsf] x'Fbf sfo{qmd ck"/ f] / cw"/ f] nflu/ x\of] dh:tf w]/ } ;xefuLnfO{ . ;fy} / f]NkfnL l;h{gfdf åGåsf] k|efjaf/ ] s'g} ljdz{ rnfPsf] eP klg / fd|} x'g] lyof] . x6f? aGb clg dx/ f h]n sfo{qmd pb\3f6g ug{ k'u]sf ;ª\3Lo ;+;bsf ;efd'v s[i0faxfb'/ dx/ fn] eg] —d}n] @)#* ;fndf x6f? gfdsf] ;flxlTos klqsf ;Dkfbg u/ ]/ k|sflzt u/ ]+ . To;afkt k|zf;gn] dnfO{ af]nfof] . To;kl5 Tof] klqsf ;w}Fsf nflu aGb eof] clg dnfO{ h]n xflnof] . o;/ L d / f]Nkfsf] klxnf] ;flxlTos klqsfsf] ;Dkfbs klg x'F . ;fy} åGåsfndf d}n] oxL xf]n]/ Ldf a;]/ hgo'4sf] g]t[Tj klg u/ ]sf] lyPF . ;xofqfsf] ;+of]u xf]n]/ Ldf d k'u]sf] of] bf];|f]kN6 . 8]9 bzscl3 ldq gjLg ljef;;Fu} / f]Nkfs} h'Fuf/ lgaf;L snfsf/ s'nfgGb lu/ Lsf] 3/ k'u]/ kms{bf oxL af6f] eP/ bfª em/ ]sf] xF' . xf]n]/ Lsf af/ ]df w]/ } kl9Psf] xf], ;'lgPsf] xf] t/ o;/ L xf]n]/ Ldf cln a9L ;do latfpg kfPsf] of] klxnf] cj;/ xf] . o;kN6 klg sfo{qmdsf] lgDtf] t cfPsf] lyof] s]xL lbgcl3 t/ hfg] ghfg] lglZrt lyPg xf]n]/ L . kl5Nnf s]xL lbgx? ldq gjLg ljef;;Fu} bfªd} latfPsf] sf/ 0f pgs} kl5 nfu]/ o;kN6 xf]n]/ L k'u]sf] x'F d . Tof] klxnf]kN6 / of] bf];|f] kN6 ofqfsf ;xofqL gjLg g} x'g k'u]sf 5g\ d]/ f . of] klg uhas} ;+of]u xf] .

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efn' j fª, @( r} t . g] kfn ;/ sf/ lzIff, lj1fg tyf k ljlw dGqfno tyf a'9fgLns07 : s"n sf7df8f} +n] a' 9 fgLns07 : s" n tyf ;fem] bf/ L sfo{qmdcGtu{tsf] 5fqj[lQ 5gf] 6 k/ LIff / fKtL ufp kflnsf ! k'Nrf] s efn'jfªl: yt : ju{åf/ L kfylds ljBfno s] Gbdf ;DkGg ePsf] 5. k/ LIffdf bfªaf6 tLg, Ko'7fgaf6 cf7, ?s'dklZrdaf6 tLg, / f] Nkfaf6 kfr, ;Nofgaf6 Ps, u'NdLaf6 Ps u/ L hDdf @! hgf 5fq5fqf ;lDdlnt lyP . z} lIfs ;q @)&^ sf nflu lj=;+= @)^% jf )^^ df hGd eO{ slDtdf b'O{ jif{ cufl8b] lv : yfgLo ;fd'bflos ljBfnodf lgoldt?kdf cWoog u/ L z} lIfs ;q @)&% df sIff $ cWoog u/ ] sf 5fq5fqfdWo] ljleGg ef}uf]lns

ndxL, bfª % g+= kb]z, g]kfn

kb]z ;/sf/ kb]z g+= %

cfly{s k:tfj vf]Ng] ;DaGwL ;"rgf

;+zf]lwt k:tfj cfx\jfgsf] ;"rgf kyd k6s ksflzt ldlt M @)&%.!@.#) ut] o; e]6]l/g/L c:ktfn tyf kz' ;]jf lj1 s]Gb bfªsf] ldlt @)&%.!@.@( ut]sf] ksflzt ;"rgfsf] l;=g+= @ df /x]sf] pTkfbgdf cfwfl/t cg'bfg sfo{qmd cGoyf x'g uPsf]n] cGo ;a} ljj/0fx? oyfjt x'g] u/L tkl;n adf]lhd ;"rgf k'gM ksflzt ul/Psf] 5 . ksflzt ldltn] !% cf}+ lbg sfof{no ;doleq tf]lsPsf] 9fFrfdf k:tfj btf{ ug'{x'g ;DalGwt ;a}nfO{ hfgsf/L u/fOG5 . cGo hfgsf/Lsf nflu sfof{nosf] kmf]g g+= )*@ %^))@! df ;Dks{ /fVg cg'/f]w ul/G5 . ;~rfng ul/g] sfo{qmdsf] ljj/0f M kl/df0f hDdf cg'bfg sfo{qmd ;xefuL x'g kfpg] ju{ ah]6 ;~rfng x'g] lhNnf != pTkfbgdf cf=c= !%,)),))).)) bfª / Ko"7fg lhNnfsf] xsdf b}lgs $)) cfwfl/t Ko'7fg ln6/ / bfª lhNnfsf] xsdf cg'bfg b}lgs !))) ln6/ b"wsf] sf/f]af/ sfo{qmd ug{] b'Uw ;xsf/L ;+:yfx?

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 bz/ y l3ld/ ] b] pv'/ L, @( r} t . gof jif{sf] : jfutdf kmh'n vr{ ug] { qmd a9\sf] 5 . t/ bfªdf eg] gof jif{ s f] : jfutdf a[Iff/ f] k0f ul/ Psf] 5 .

Onfsf kx/ L sfof{ n o u9jfn] gful/s kx/L ;fem]bf/L sfo{qmdcGtu{t zLtn lrgLsf] la?jf / f] k] sf] xf] . gof jif{df df;' af8\nfg, ld7fO{ af8\nfg . t/ xfdLn] gof jif{df la?jf af8\of} +Ú Onfsf kx/ L sfof{no u9jfsf k d' v lul/ / fh e08f/ Ln] eGg'eof] zLtn lrgLsf] la?jf ax' p kof] uL 5 . o;n] kof{j/ 0f : jR5 dfq} xf] Og dfgj : jf: Yodf kmfObf k'U5 .Ú kx/ L kd' v n] kDKn] 6 tof/ kf/ ] / zLtn lrgL la?jfsf] u'0fsf] af/ ] df ksfz kfg'e { Psf] 5 . kb] z;ef ;b: o

/ ] jtL/ d0f zdf{ s f] k d' v cfltYotfdf zLtn lrgLsf Ps;o la?jf / f] lkPsf] xf] . kd'v cltly ;f+;b zdf{n ] gful/ s kx/ L ;fem] bf/ Laf6 ;dfh ?kfGt/ 0f ug{ ;lsg] atfpg'eof] . ;dfhdf ljleGg gfddf s';+: sf/ , s'/ Llt 5 . o;sf] cGTosf] nflu gful/ s kx/ L ;fem] bf/ L x'g h?/ L 5Ú zdf{n] eGg'eof] kx/ L ;u;u} ;d' b fodf klg hfu?stf cfpg'k5{ .Ú ;jl8lehg jg sfof{no u9jfsf k d' v lzjs' d f/ dxtf] n] k s[ l t cfkm} df 8fS6/ / x] sf] rrf{ ug{'eof] . c: ktfnsf] 8fS6/ nfO{ eujfg;/ x dfG5f} + . c: ktfnsf] 8fS6/ eGbf 7"nf] 8fS6/ ks[ l t xf] Ú pxfn] eGg'eof] kof{j/ 0f;u} jg ;+/ If0f ug{ ;fem] bf/ L u/ ] / cl3 a9\g'k5{ .Ú

sfo{qmddf u9jf ufpkflnsfsf cWoIf ;xh/ fd ofbj, / fhk'/ ufpkflnsfsf cWoIf nf] s/ fh s] ;L, g] kfnL sf+ u ] ; dxf;ldlt ;b: o hfgsLnfn a: g] t, ;fd'bflos / ] l8of] k;f/ s ;+ 3 kb] z % sf cWoIf s] kL l3ld/ ] , u9jf jg tyf jftfj/ 0f ;+ / If0f ;dGjo ;ldltsf cWoIf pdfsfGt kGt, u9jf ^ sf cWoIf afnrGb xdfn, g] kfn kqsf/ dxf;+3 bfªsf pkfWoIf nLnf zfxnufotsf jQmfx?n] dGtAo JoQm ug{'ePsf] lyof] .

Onfsf kx/ L sfof{ n o u9jfsf kx/ L kd'v lul/ / fh e08f/ Lsf] cWoIftfdf ePsf] sfo{ q mddf k x/ L ;xfos lg/ LIfs 7fs' / cf] nLn] : jfut dGtAo JoQm ug{'eof] . sfo{qmdsf] ;xhLs/ 0f kjn / ;fOnLn] ug{'ePsf] lyof] .

ndxL gu/kflnsf

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kyd k6s ksflzt ldltM @)&%.!@.#) o; sfof{nosf] cf= j= @)&%÷)&^ sf] nflu tkl;nsf] k/fdz{ ;]jf vl/b sfo{sf] nflu ldlt @)&%.!@.)( df k/fdz{bftfx?af6 kfljlws / cfly{s k:tfj dfu u/] cg';f/ k]z x'g cfPsf k:tfjx? dWo] ldlt @)&%.!@.@$ df vf]lnPsf kfljlws k:tfjx? d'Nofª\sg ;ldltaf6 d'Nofª\sg ;DkGg eO ldlt @)&%.!@.@^ ut]sf] lg0f{o cg';f/ tn pNn]lvt k:tfjbftfsf] kfljlws k:tfj ;f/e't?kdf kefjufxL b]lvPsfn] ;fj{hlgs vl/b lgodfjnL, @)^$ sf] lgod #! -ª_ pklgod % adf]lhd lgDgfg';f/sf] ldlt, ;do / :yfgdf lghsf] cfly{s k:tfj vf]lng] ePsfn] ;DalGwt ;a}df hfgsf/Lsf] nflu of] ;"rgf ksflzt ul/Psf] 5 . cfly{s k:tfj vf]lng] ldltM @)&^.)!.)* ut] cfOtaf/ ;doM !$=)) ah] :yfgM ndxL gu/kflnsf tkl;n M l;= sfo{sf] gfd kflalws k:tfa ;f/e't g+= ?kdf kjfeufxL b]lvPsf k/fdz{bftfsf] gfdfjnL 1. Preparation of GIS based Digital base map and development of metric addressing system of Lamahi Municipality

If] q tyf nlIft ;d' b fo -nf]kf]Gd'v÷blnt÷d'l:nd;lxt tyf a] kQf kl/ jf/ ÷ hghflt÷lk5l8Psf] If] q÷dlxnf_ ;d] tsf] kltlglwTj x' g ] u/ L v' n f kltof]lutfaf6 5fqj[lQsf nflu 5gf]6 ug]{ sfo{qmdcGtu{t pQm k/ LIff lnOPsf] xf] . pQm k/ LIff ;~rfng ug{ a'9fgLns07 :s"n sf7df8f}a+ f6 ;xfos kwfgfWofks ltldnf zfSo cfrfo{ / ;xfos lzlIfsf lgh{ n f kf} 8] n vl6g'ePsf] lyof] eg] lhNnf lzIff ;dGjo OsfO{ bfªaf6 vl6O{ cfpg'ePsf kltlglw Pj+ gd"gf cfbz{ dfWolds ljBfno nfndl6ofsf kwfgfWoks ls/0f kf] v] n;d] tsf] pkl: ylt / x] sf] lyof] . k/ LIff s] Gbdf cfjZos Aoj: yfkg : ju{åf/ L ljBfno Aoj: yfkg ;ldltn] ldnfPsf] lyof] . pQm 5fqj[lQ kl/ Iff o; cufl8 klg o;} ljBfnodf b'Ok{ 6s ;DkGg ePsf] lyof] .

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tkl;n M l;= 7]Ssf ljj/0f g+= != ndxL &, /fKtL gbL ag3';L 3f6af6 glbhGo kbfy{ ;+sng tyf pTvgg @= ndxL (, /fKtL gbL uu/L vf]nf bf]efg 3f6af6 glbhGo kbfy{ ;+sng tyf pTvgg #= ndxL (, /fKtL gbL uf}tfn 3f6af6 glbhGo kbfy{ ;+sng tyf pTvgg $= ndxL (, /fKtL gbL vo/ e6\6L 3f6af6 glbhGo kbfy{ ;+sng tyf pTvgg

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